1
|
Construction of different metamorphic degree coal models and corresponding adsorption characteristics based on molecular simulation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
2
|
Mason RH, Minaker SA, Lahaie Luna G, Bapat P, Farahvash A, Garg A, Bhambra N, Muni RH. Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eye (Lond) 2022:10.1038/s41433-022-02127-x. [PMID: 35672457 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, where in its most advanced form ischemic changes lead to the development of retinal neovascularization, termed proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). While the development of PDR is often associated with angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines, studies differ on which cytokines are implicated in disease pathogenesis and on the strength of these associations. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the existing body of data on intraocular cytokines as biomarkers in PDR. METHODS A comprehensive search of the literature without year limitation was conducted to January 18, 2021, which identified 341 studies assessing vitreous or aqueous cytokine levels in PDR, accounting for 10379 eyes with PDR and 6269 eyes from healthy controls. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD) of cytokine concentrations between PDR and control patients. RESULTS Concentrations (SMD, 95% confidence interval, and p-value) of aqueous IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TNF-α, and VEGF, and vitreous IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, angiopoietin-2, eotaxin, erythropoietin, GM-CSF, GRO, HMGB-1, IFN-γ, IGF, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1, MMP-9, PDGF-AA, PlGF, sCD40L, SDF-1, sICAM-1, sVEGFR, TIMP, TNF-α, and VEGF were significantly higher in patients with PDR when compared to healthy nondiabetic controls. For all other cytokines no differences, failed sensitivity analyses or insufficient data were found. CONCLUSIONS This extensive list of cytokines speaks to the complexity of PDR pathogenesis, and informs future investigations into disease pathogenesis, prognosis, and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Mason
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel A Minaker
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Priya Bapat
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Armin Farahvash
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anubhav Garg
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nishaant Bhambra
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rajeev H Muni
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- University of Toronto/Kensington Health Ophthalmology Biobank and Cytokine Laboratory, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu Z, Cao X, Chen L, Su Y, Ji J, Yuan S, Fransisca S, Mugisha A, Zou W, Xie P, Liu Q. Monitoring intraocular proangiogenic and profibrotic cytokines within 7 days after adjunctive anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e726-e736. [PMID: 34260829 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To monitor the intraocular proangiogenic and profibrotic cytokine profiles within 7 days after intravitreous injection of conbercept (IVC) for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS This prospective, randomized controlled, consecutive, comparative study included 157 eyes with PDR. Participant eyes underwent sham IVC or IVC and subsequent vitrectomy at days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 postinjection. The intraocular cytokines profiles were measured using beaded assay methods. RESULTS After IVC, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A level in PDR vitreous decreased rapidly by approximately 10 times at day 2 (p = 0.00001) and kept at a low level at days 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (p < 0.001, each compared with IVC-sham group). Similar tendency of the change in VEGF-A was observed in aqueous humour. The level of placenta growth factor (PIGF) in aqueous humour decreased 2 days after IVC whereas returned to baseline level after 5 days. The vitreous profibrotic cytokines, tissue growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3 and connective tissue growth factor did not increase after IVC in each group. CONCLUSION We observed a remarkable and rapid decrease in intraocular VEGF-A, temporal decrease in PIGF from day 2 to day 4, increase in VEGF-C and VEGF-D from day 2 onwards, but no profibrotic switch in PDR eyes after IVC. The findings might suggest that ideal vitrectomy timing might be around 3 days after IVC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhong Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology The Municipal Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Eye Institute of Xuzhou Xuzhou China
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Eye Hospital Department of Ophthalmology The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Jiangdong Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Songtao Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Silvia Fransisca
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Aime Mugisha
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Wuxi China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Qinghuai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu Z, Mao X, Chen M, Wu X, Zhu T, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Fan W, Xie P, Yuan S, Liu Q. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Role of Microglia in Fibrovascular Membrane of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes 2022; 71:762-773. [PMID: 35061025 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Vitreous fibrovascular membranes (FVMs), the hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), cause retinal hemorrhage, detachment, and eventually blindness. However, little is known about the pathophysiology of FVM. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing on surgically harvested PDR-FVMs and generated a comprehensive cell atlas of FVM. Eight cellular compositions were identified, with microglia as the major cell population. We identified a GPNMB+ subpopulation of microglia, which presented both profibrotic and fibrogenic properties. Pseudotime analysis further revealed the profibrotic microglia was uniquely differentiated from retina-resident microglia and expanded in the PDR setting. Ligand-receptor interactions between the profibrotic microglia and cytokines upregulated in PDR vitreous implicated the involvement of several pathways, including CCR5, IFNGR1, and CD44 signaling, in the microglial activation within the PDR microenvironment. Collectively, our description of the novel microglia phenotypes in PDR-FVM may offer new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of DR, as well as potential signaling pathways amenable to disease-specific intervention.
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu C, Wong N, Watanabe E, Hou W, Biral L, DeCastro J, Mehdipour M, Aran K, Conboy M, Conboy I. Mechanisms and minimization of false discovery of metabolic bio-orthogonal non-canonical amino acid proteomics. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:95-109. [PMID: 35323026 PMCID: PMC9063144 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic proteomics has been widely used to characterize dynamic protein networks in many areas of biomedicine, including in the arena of tissue aging and rejuvenation. Bio-orthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) is based on mutant methionine-tRNA synthases (MetRS) that incorporates metabolic tags, e.g., azido-nor leucine, ANL, into newly synthesized proteins. BONCAT revolutionizes metabolic proteomics, because mutant MetRS transgene allows one to identify cell type specific proteomes in mixed biological environments. This is not possible with other methods, such as stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and tandem mass tags (TMT). At the same time, an inherent weakness of BONCAT is that after click chemistry-based enrichment, all identified proteins are assumed to have been metabolically tagged, but there is no confirmation in Mass Spectrometry data that only tagged proteins are detected. As we show here, such assumption is incorrect and accurate negative controls uncover a surprisingly high degree of false positives in BONCAT proteomics. We show not only how to reveal the false discovery and thus improve the accuracy of the analyses and conclusions but also approaches for avoiding it through minimizing non-specific detection of biotin, biotin-independent direct detection of metabolic tags, and improvement of signal to noise ratio through machine learning algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Stanley Hall B104, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States, 94720;
| | - Nathan Wong
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - Etsuko Watanabe
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - William Hou
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - Leonardo Biral
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - Jonalyn DeCastro
- Keck Graduate Institute, 48927, Claremont, California, United States;
| | - Melod Mehdipour
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - Kiana Aran
- Keck Graduate Institute, 48927, Claremont, California, United States;
| | - Michael Conboy
- University of California Berkeley, 1438, Berkeley, California, United States;
| | - Irina Conboy
- UC Berkeley, 1438, Bioengineering and QB3, 174, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California, United States, 94720;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han Q, Deng C, Gao T, Jin Z. Molecular Simulation on Competitive Adsorption Differences of Gas with Different Pore Sizes in Coal. Molecules 2022; 27:1594. [PMID: 35268694 PMCID: PMC8911789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropores are the primary sites for methane occurrence in coal. Studying the regularity of methane occurrence in micropores is significant for targeted displacement and other yield-increasing measures in the future. This study used simplified graphene sheets as pore walls to construct coal-structural models with pore sizes of 1 nm, 2 nm, and 4 nm. Based on the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and molecular dynamics theory, we simulated the adsorption characteristics of methane in pores of different sizes. The results showed that the adsorption capacity was positively correlated with the pore size for pure gas adsorption. The adsorption capacity increased with pressure and pore size for competitive adsorption of binary mixtures in pores. As the average isosteric heat decreased, the interaction between the gas and the pore wall weakened, and the desorption amount of CH4 decreased. In ultramicropores, the high concentration of CO2 (50-70%) is more conducive to CH4 desorption; however, when the CO2 concentration is greater than 70%, the corresponding CH4 adsorption amount is meager, and the selected adsorption coefficient SCO2/CH4 is small. Therefore, to achieve effective desorption of methane in coal micropores, relatively low pressure (4-6 MPa) and a relatively low CO2 concentration (50-70%) should be selected in the process of increasing methane production by CO2 injection in later stages. These research results provide theoretical support for gas injection to promote CH4 desorption in coal pores and to increase yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Han
- College of Safety and Emergency Management and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, China; (C.D.); (T.G.); (Z.J.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Iyer SS, Lagrew MK, Tillit SM, Roohipourmoallai R, Korntner S. The Vitreous Ecosystem in Diabetic Retinopathy: Insight into the Patho-Mechanisms of Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137142. [PMID: 34281192 PMCID: PMC8269048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world with the incidence of disease ever-increasing worldwide. The vitreous humor represents an extensive and complex interactive arena for cytokines in the diabetic eye. In recent decades, there has been significant progress in understanding this environment and its implications in disease pathophysiology. In this review, we investigate the vitreous ecosystem in diabetic retinopathy at the molecular level. Areas of concentration include: the current level of knowledge of growth factors, cytokine and chemokine mediators, and lipid-derived metabolites in the vitreous. We discuss the molecular patho-mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy based upon current vitreous research.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu H, Huo Y, He X, Wang W, Fang S, Zhang Y. Molecular model construction of Danhou lignite and study on adsorption of CH 4 by oxygen functional groups. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25368-25381. [PMID: 33454865 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In view of the frequent occurrence of gas accidents in coal mines, the mechanism of oxygen-containing functional groups (OCFGs) in Danhou lignite adsorbing gas was studied by experiment and simulation. Elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR), and adsorption experiment of CH4 were applied to establish the macromolecular model of Danhou lignite. Then, molecular mechanics (MM) and molecular dynamics (MD) were utilized to optimize the coal macromolecular model, and the density of coal was determined via adding periodic boundary conditions. The mechanism of gas adsorption by OCFGs was studied by grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the aromatic structures mostly exist in the form of pyrenes; the structure of aliphatic carbons are mostly methylene and methine groups; the alkanes are mostly long chains; oxygen atoms are mainly in the form of hydroxyl groups and ether groups; nitrogen atoms are mainly in the form of pyridines; and the density of Danhou lignite is 1.25 g/cm3. The isotherm adsorption curve and Langmuir adsorption curve have a good fit, a single coal molecule reaches saturation after absorbing four CH4 molecules, and the error between experiment and simulation is small. The results of DFT calculation showed that the adsorption of CH4 by OCFGs is affected by the adsorption positions and adsorption directions. Due to CH4 molecules are affected by different electrostatic forces, the adsorption capacities of OCFGs are different, and the order is carbonyl groups > ether bonds > hydroxyl groups > carboxyl groups. The results can be used for reference in the prevention and control of coal and gas outburst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhu
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujia Huo
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xin He
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuhao Fang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yilong Zhang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), No. ding 11 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kilani A, Werner JU, Lang GK, Lang GE. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmologica 2021; 244:258-264. [PMID: 33902045 DOI: 10.1159/000516525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize preretinal neovascularizations (NV) and their corresponding branching routes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and compare the findings with fluorescein angiography (FA). METHODS In patients with PDR, angiograms were acquired with spectral-domain OCTA (CIRRUS 5000, OCTA AngioPlexTMCarl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.) and FA (Zeiss FF450PlusIR fundus camera or Spectralis HRA-OCT SLO, Heidelberg Engineering Inc.) and were consecutively evaluated. Neovascularization of the disc (NVD) and neovascularization elsewhere (NVE) were analyzed with 6 × 6 and 8 × 8 mm OCTA flow images and B-scans with flow registration. Segmentations of the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) and superficial retina were performed for analysis. Two independent investigators examined OCTA findings and compared them to corresponding FA. RESULTS Forty-two eyes of 30 patients with PDR were analyzed. A total of 76 NV with their corresponding proliferation routes were visualized and characterized, with 55 (72.4%) proliferating along the posterior hyaloid membrane (PHM), 14 (18.4%) along the epiretinal membrane, and 7 (9.2%) along the fibrovascular membrane. The posterior vitreous was partially detached in 37 of 42 eyes (88.1%), completely detached in 1 of 42 eyes (2.4%), and adherent in 1 of 42 eyes (2.4%). In 38 of 42 cases, OCTA was superior (n = 23) or equivalent (n = 15) to FA in detecting NV and provided a more detailed information of the neovascular vessels. In 4 of 42 study eyes, OCTA was inferior to FA. CONCLUSIONS OCTA is a useful tool to detect NV in PDR. In comparison to FA, OCTA has the advantages that it is noninvasive and the image capture takes only seconds. We were able to identify all NV and characterize their corresponding proliferation routes in the VRI, the superficial retina slab, or the B-scan with flow registration. Through evading the masking effect of dye leakage in FA, OCTA is capable of better visualization of NV. FA, however, remains essential for the detection of all NV, since OCTA supplies a smaller detection field. Additionally, we identified the PHM as the main proliferating route of diabetic NV (72.4%), marking it as an important structure for sprouting vessels in neoangiogenesis in PDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Kilani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens U Werner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gerhard K Lang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gabriele E Lang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vinekar A, Nair AP, Sinha S, Vaidya T, Chakrabarty K, Shetty R, Ghosh A, Sethu S. Tear Fluid Angiogenic Factors: Potential Noninvasive Biomarkers for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in Preterm Infants. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:2. [PMID: 33646290 PMCID: PMC7938022 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the status of proangiogenic factors in the tear fluid of preterm infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods Preterm infants (n = 36) undergoing routine ROP screening included in the prospective study were categorized as No-ROP (n = 13, no ROP at any visits), ROP (if ROP was present at first visit; n = 18), or No-ROP to ROP (no disease at first visit, but developed ROP subsequently; n = 5). Infants with ROP were also grouped as progressing (n = 7) and regressing (n = 16) based on ROP evolution between the first and subsequent visits. Schirmer's strips were used to collect tear fluid and proangiogenic factors (VEGF, angiogenin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule, and fractalkine) levels (in picograms per milliliter) in tear fluid were measured by multiplex ELISA. Results Lower levels of VEGF (135 ± 69; mean ± standard deviation) and higher levels of angiogenin (6568 ± 4975) were observed in infants with ROP compared with infants without ROP (172.5 ± 54.0; 4139 ± 3909) at the first visit. Significantly lower levels of VEGF were observed in the No-ROP to ROP group compared with the No-ROP and ROP groups. The VEGF and angiogenin levels at the first visit were significantly lower in infants with ROP with progressing disease. Angiogenin levels negatively correlated with birth weight and gestational age in ROP. The area under the curve (AUC) and odds ratio (OR) analysis demonstrated that angiogenin/birth weight (AUC = 0.776; OR, 8.6); angiogenin/gestational age (AUC = 0.706; OR, 7.3) and Angiogenin/VEGF (AUC = 0.806; OR, 14.3) ratios were able to differentiated preterm infants with and without ROP. Conclusions The association between angiogenin and ROP suggests its possible role in ROP. The ratio of angiogenin level with birth weight, gestational age, and/or VEGF could serve as a potential noninvasive screening biomarker for ROP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Vinekar
- Department of Pediatric Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Archana Padmanabhan Nair
- GROW Research Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shivani Sinha
- Department of Pediatric Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Tanuja Vaidya
- GROW Research Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Rohit Shetty
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Research Lab, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu H, He X, Xie Y, Guo S, Huo Y, Wang W. A Study on the Effect of Coal Metamorphism on the Adsorption Characteristics of a Binary Component System: CO 2 and N 2. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:523-532. [PMID: 33458504 PMCID: PMC7807769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
At present, there is little research on the multicomponent gas adsorption characteristics of coal with different metamorphisms. In this study, DH (low metamorphism), FGZ (medium metamorphism), and DSC (high metamorphism) coal samples were selected as the microscopic research objects, and the molecular models of them were constructed by means of elemental analysis, 13C NMR, and X-ray. The adsorption characteristics of coal with different metamorphisms under the binary component system (CO2 and N2) were explored by experiments and simulations at 298 K and 1000 kPa. The results showed that in the binary component system gas environment, the adsorption strength of CO2 is stronger than that of N2. DH has the highest isosteric heat of adsorption, and the adsorption strengths of CO2 and N2 is stronger than that for FGZ and DSC. The adsorption amounts of CO2 and N2 by three coal molecules are ranked as DH > FGZ > DSC. The sequence of adsorption selectivity of CO2/N2 is DH > FGZ > DSC > 1, which demonstrates the stronger competitiveness of CO2 than N2. The adsorption selectivity of CO2/N2 for DH is stronger than that for DSC. However, with the increase of the CO2 component, the adsorption selectivity of CO2/N2 for DH has a great influence, while DSC is relatively stable. The simulation results display a good agreement with the experimental results. The research can improve the accuracy and efficiency of inert injection measures and has guiding significance for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion accidents by inert injection.
Collapse
|
12
|
Tan B, Cheng G, Yang X, Zhu X, Hu M, Wang H. Relationship Between the Nanopore Structure and Basic Characteristics of Coal with the Protogenetic CO Content. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:505-514. [PMID: 33213649 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.18478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the prediction and forecasting of spontaneous coal combustion, protogenetic CO produced in the process of coal oxidation is used as the indicator gas, but the sources of CO gas in coal seams are extensive. Protogenetic CO in coal seams often interferes with predictions of spontaneous coal combustion. To predict the content of protogenetic CO gas in coal seams and its emission, this study established an experimental system of protogenetic CO content and emission in coal seams. Six groups of coal samples were tested, and the CO emission content was determined per hour within 24 hours of obtaining each coal sample. Four kinds of protogenetic CO gas emission indexes were defined. Then, internal factors of coal, including industrial components, elemental content and pore structure, were analysed. Finally, the relationship between the protogenetic CO gas emission index of coal seams and the internal factors of coal was obtained. The results indicate that the relation between the CO dispersion concentration and the time of the coal sample follows an exponential power distribution. The internal factors of coal influence the content and emission of protogenetic CO in coal seams, but there is no strict correlation with each parameter as it is a multi-parameter correlation synthesis process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tan
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xianbing Yang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhu
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingming Hu
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaštelan S, Orešković I, Bišćan F, Kaštelan H, Gverović Antunica A. Inflammatory and angiogenic biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2020; 30:030502. [PMID: 32774120 PMCID: PMC7394255 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2020.030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a leading cause of blindness in working-age adults in developed countries. Numerous investigations have recognised inflammation and angiogenesis as important factors in the development of this complication of diabetes. Current methods of DR treatment are predominantly used at advanced stages of the disease and could be associated with serious side effects. Therefore, new diagnostic methods are needed in order to identify the initial stages of DR as well as monitoring the effects of applied therapy. Biochemical biomarkers are molecules found in blood or other biological fluid and tissue that indicate the existence of an abnormal condition or disease. They could be a valuable tool in detecting early stages of DR, identifying patients most susceptible to retinopathy progression and monitoring treatment outcomes. Biomarkers related to DR can be measured in the blood, retina, vitreous, aqueous humour and recently in tears. As the retina represents a small part of total body mass, a circulating biomarker for DR needs to be highly specific. Local biomarkers are more reliable as indicators of the retinal pathology; however, obtaining a sample of aqueous humour, vitreous or retina is an invasive procedure with potential serious complications. As a non-invasive novel method, tear analysis offers a promising direction in further research for DR biomarker detection. The aim of this paper is to review systemic and local inflammatory and angiogenic biomarkers relevant to this sight threatening diabetic complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Kaštelan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Filip Bišćan
- Augenzentrum Mühldorf, Überörtliche Gemeinschaftspraxis, Mühldorf am Inn, Germany
| | - Helena Kaštelan
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Dubrovnik, Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang J, Zhang M, Zhao H, Xu X. Identification of proliferative diabetic retinopathy-associated genes on the protein–protein interaction network by using heat diffusion algorithm. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
15
|
Wu F, Phone A, Lamy R, Ma D, Laotaweerungsawat S, Chen Y, Zhao T, Ma W, Zhang F, Psaras C, Stewart JM. Correlation of Aqueous, Vitreous, and Plasma Cytokine Levels in Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:26. [PMID: 32084272 PMCID: PMC7326572 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationship between proangiogenic and inflammatory cytokines in concurrent vitreous, aqueous, and plasma samples from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods Vitreous, aqueous, and plasma samples were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay for 10 PDR-related cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], macrophage inflammatory protein-1β [MIP-1β], VEGF receptor 1 [Flt-1], placental growth factor [PlGF], VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D). A total of 17 patients with PDR and 7 controls were included. The primary outcome was correlation of cytokines in vitreous, aqueous, and plasma. The secondary outcome was the comparison of cytokine levels in controls and diabetics with and without recent anti-VEGF injection. Results The following factors were elevated in diabetics compared with controls: vitreous IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1, MIP-1β, PlGF, and VEGF-A; and aqueous IL-6, IL-8, PlGF, and VEGF-C (all P < 0.05). Vitreous and aqueous IL-8, PlGF, and VEGF-A were significantly correlated in patients with PDR (all P < 0.05). Plasma cytokines were not correlated with those in vitreous and aqueous (all P > 0.05). Vitreous and aqueous IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, PlGF, and VEGF-A differed among controls and diabetics with and without recent anti-VEGF injection (all P < 0.05). In one-to-one comparisons, aqueous VEGF-A levels were lower in diabetic patients who had recent anti-VEGF injection compared with those who did not (P = 0.01). Conclusions In this proof-of-concept study, IL-8, VEGF-A, and PlGF demonstrated a strong correlation in vitreous and aqueous of patients with PDR. The aqueous may serve as a proxy for vitreous for some cytokines involved in PDR. Recent anti-VEGF injections decreased VEGF-A levels in aqueous, but did not significantly affect other cytokines, suggesting a role for other targeted therapies in PDR management.
Collapse
|
16
|
Araújo RS, Silva MS, Santos DF, Silva GA. Dysregulation of trophic factors contributes to diabetic retinopathy in the Ins2 Akita mouse. Exp Eye Res 2020; 194:108027. [PMID: 32259534 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is considered as a diabetes-related complication that can lead to severe visual impairments. By 2030, it is expected that 1 in 5 adults will suffer from the disease. Suitable animal models for chronic DR are essential for a better understanding of the pathophysiology and to further develop new treatments. The Ins2Akita mouse is a type 1 diabetes model that shows signs of both early and late stages of DR, including pericyte loss, increased vascular permeability, increased acellular capillaries and neovascularization. To further characterize DR in the Ins2Akita mouse model, we have evaluated the protein levels of the angiogenesis inducers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) and the angiogenesis inhibitor pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Additionally, we have analyzed the protein expression profile of the glial markers ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as well as of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). In this study we demonstrate that, with disease progression, there is the development of an inflammatory response and an unbalanced expression of pro- and antiangiogenic factors in the neural retina and in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of Ins2Akita mice. Therefore, our data provide support for the diabetic retinopathy features detected in the Ins2Akita retina, reflecting what is observed in the human pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rute S Araújo
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal; Bioengineering- Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Program, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria S Silva
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela F Santos
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal; ProRegeM PhD Program, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriela A Silva
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Capozzi ME, Savage SR, McCollum GW, Hammer SS, Ramos CJ, Yang R, Bretz CA, Penn JS. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ antagonist GSK0660 mitigates retinal cell inflammation and leukostasis. Exp Eye Res 2020; 190:107885. [PMID: 31758977 PMCID: PMC7426872 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is triggered by retinal cell damage stimulated by the diabetic milieu, including increased levels of intraocular free fatty acids. Free fatty acids may serve as an initiator of inflammatory cytokine release from Müller cells, and the resulting cytokines are potent stimulators of retinal endothelial pathology, such as leukostasis, vascular permeability, and basement membrane thickening. Our previous studies have elucidated a role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in promoting several steps in the pathologic cascade in DR, including angiogenesis and expression of inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, PPARβ/δ is a known target of lipid signaling, suggesting a potential role for this transcription factor in fatty acid-induced retinal inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that PPARβ/δ stimulates both the induction of inflammatory mediators by Müller cells as well the paracrine induction of leukostasis in endothelial cells (EC) by Müller cell inflammatory products. To test this, we used the PPARβ/δ inhibitor, GSK0660, in primary human Müller cells (HMC), human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC) and mouse retina. We found that palmitic acid (PA) activation of PPARβ/δ in HMC leads to the production of pro-angiogenic and/or inflammatory cytokines that may constitute DR-relevant upstream paracrine inflammatory signals to EC and other retinal cells. Downstream, EC transduce these signals and increase their synthesis and release of chemokines such as CCL8 and CXCL10 that regulate leukostasis and other cellular events related to vascular inflammation in DR. Our results indicate that PPARβ/δ inhibition mitigates these upstream (MC) as well as downstream (EC) inflammatory signaling events elicited by metabolic stimuli and inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, our data suggest that PPARβ/δ inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy against early DR pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Capozzi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, USA.
| | - Sara R Savage
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Gary W McCollum
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Sandra S Hammer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Carla J Ramos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Colin A Bretz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - John S Penn
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meng J, Li S, Niu J. Crystallite Structure Characteristics and Its Influence on Methane Adsorption for Different Rank Coals. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20762-20772. [PMID: 31858063 PMCID: PMC6906950 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The ability of coal to adsorb methane depends on the coal microstructure; however, the research on its exploration is still underway. In this paper, a new method was adopted to investigate the evolution characteristics of the crystallite structure of eight different rank coals and its influence on the methane adsorption capacity. The crystallite lattice parameters, including d 002, L c, L a, N ave, and f a, were determined by curve fitting analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The methane adsorption experiments were carried out through a static capacity method, and the methane adsorption parameters (V L, P L) were measured. Correlations were established for the crystallite lattice parameters and the methane adsorption parameters. From the results obtained, there is a good negative linear relationship between V L and d 002 and a good exponential relationship between P L and d 002, indicating that the increasing d 002 can weaken the methane adsorption capacity. V L displays an exponential increase with increasing L c and N ave, whileP L presents a linear decrease, but reverse variations are emerged in the process of change for both, and the methane adsorption capacity is weaken temporarily. V L presents a lognormal distribution with increasing L a, and the minimum value appears at L a = 1.85-1.9 nm. V L and P L both obey lognormal distribution with increasing L a/L c, but their trends are completely opposite, and the methane adsorption capacity is the strongest at L a/L c = 0.85-0.9. As f a increases, V L and P L present an overall exponential increase and an overall exponential decrease, respectively, but reverse changes also emerge. The methane adsorption is related to the crystallite structure characteristics of coal. Finally, the influence mechanism of the crystallite structure evolution on the methane adsorption capacity was analyzed, which has great significance for prevention of gas disasters in underground coal mines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Meng
- School
of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, State Key Laboratory
of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, and Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise
Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
- E-mail:
| | - Shichao Li
- School
of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, State Key Laboratory
of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, and Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise
Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiaxing Niu
- School
of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, State Key Laboratory
of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, and Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise
Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lin W, Tu H, Zhu Y, Guan Y, Liu H, Ling W, Yan P, Dong J. Curcumolide, a unique sesquiterpenoid from Curcuma wenyujin displays anti-angiogenic activity and attenuates ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 64:152923. [PMID: 31450226 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor is a common treatment strategy for neovascular eye disease, a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. However, these approaches are limited or carry various complications. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of unique therapeutic approaches. PURPOSE To investigate the anti-angiogenic effects of curcumolide and its mechanism of action. METHODS /STUDY DESIGNS In this study, we examine the effects of curcumolide on the process of vasculature formation, including cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and apoptosis in vitro using human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). We also assess the anti-angiogenic effects of curcumolide in vivo using a mouse model of oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR). The mechanism of anti-angiogenic effects was investigated by measuring the expression level of various signaling proteins and the molecular docking simulations. RESULTS Intravitreal injection of curcumolide reduced the formation of retinal neovascular tufts and VEGFR2 phosphorylation in the murine OIR model at concentrations administered without definite cellular and retinal toxicities. Curcumolide suppressed VEGF-induced HRMECs proliferation, migration and tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, it promoted caspase-dependent apoptosis. Curcumolide also inhibited VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase, and suppressed downstream protein kinases of VEGFR2, including Src, FAK, ERK, AKT, and mTOR in HRMECs. In silico study revealed that curcumolide bound with ATP-binding sites of the VEGFR2 kinase unit by the formation of a hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions. CONCLUSION Curcumolide has anti-angiogenic activity in HUVECs and in a murine OIR model of ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization, and it might be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lin
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Hongfeng Tu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Yijian Guan
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Wei Ling
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Jianyong Dong
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, A509, Pharmacy School Building, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The uPAR System as a Potential Therapeutic Target in the Diseased Eye. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080925. [PMID: 31426601 PMCID: PMC6721659 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of vascular networks is characteristic of eye diseases associated with retinal cell degeneration and visual loss. Visual impairment is also the consequence of photoreceptor degeneration in inherited eye diseases with a major inflammatory component, but without angiogenic profile. Among the pathways with high impact on vascular/degenerative diseases of the eye, a central role is played by a system formed by the ligand urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor uPAR. The uPAR system, although extensively investigated in tumors, still remains a key issue in vascular diseases of the eye and even less studied in inherited retinal pathologies such as retinitis pigmantosa (RP). Its spectrum of action has been extended far beyond a classical pro-angiogenic function and has emerged as a central actor in inflammation. Preclinical studies in more prevalent eye diseases characterized by neovascular formation, as in retinopathy of prematurity, wet macular degeneration and rubeosis iridis or vasopermeability excess as in diabetic retinopathy, suggest a critical role of increased uPAR signaling indicating the potentiality of its modulation to counteract neovessel formation and microvascular dysfunction. The additional observation that the uPAR system plays a major role in RP by limiting the inflammatory cascade triggered by rod degeneration rises further questions about its role in the diseased eye.
Collapse
|
21
|
Duran EK, Cook NR, Bobadilla M, Kim E, Manson JE, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Pradhan AD. Plasma Placental Growth Factor Concentrations Are Elevated Well in Advance of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Onset: Prospective Data From the WHS. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012790. [PMID: 31322059 PMCID: PMC6761678 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Pathologic angiogenesis is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) microvascular complications and may modulate adipogenesis and precede the onset of clinical diabetes mellitus; however, longitudinal data are unavailable. Placental growth factor is a potent proangiogenic factor that stimulates the formation of mature and durable vessels but is understudied in human diseases. Methods and Results We conducted a prospective case‐cohort study of baseline placental growth factor and incident T2DM within the WHS (Women's Health Study). A random sample of incident T2DM cases (n=491) occurring over a 15‐year follow‐up period was selected and compared with a reference subcohort (n=561). Case subjects were matched to the reference risk set on 5‐year age groups and race. All subjects in this analysis were required to have a hemoglobin A1c <6.5% at WHS enrollment. Median baseline levels of placental growth factor were higher in case subjects compare to the reference subcohort (18.0 pg/mL versus 17.2 pg/mL) but were only weakly correlated with glycemic measures and not associated with obesity. The risk of diabetes mellitus increased across placental growth factor quartile in the base model (hazard ratios, 1.00, 1.14, 1.46, and 2.14; P‐trend<0.001) and in multivariable‐adjusted models accounting for clinical T2DM risk factors (hazard ratios, 1.00, 1.17, 1.45, and 2.61; P‐trend<0.001). These findings were not substantially altered by further adjustment for high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c, or fasting insulin and remained robust in sensitivity analyses excluding those diagnosed within 2 years of enrollment and those with baseline hemoglobin A1c ≥6.0%. Conclusions Elevated placental growth factor levels are associated with future T2DM independent of traditional risk factors, measures of glycemia, insulin resistance, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein. These prospective data suggest that pathologic angiogenesis may occur well before the clinical onset of T2DM and thus may have relevance to vascular complications of this disease. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00000479.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward K Duran
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | | | - Eunjung Kim
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Aruna D Pradhan
- Division of Preventive Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine VA Boston Medical Center Boston MA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Taghavi Y, Hassanshahi G, Kounis NG, Koniari I, Khorramdelazad H. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in diabetic retinopathy: latest evidence and clinical considerations. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:451-462. [PMID: 30607767 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-00500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is considered as a diabetes-related complication that can render severe visual impairments and is also a risk factor for acquired blindness in both developed as well as developing countries. Through fibrovascular epiretinal membranes (ERMs), this condition can similarly lead to tractional retinal detachment. Laboratory efforts evaluating the DR pathogenesis can be provided by ocular vitreous fluid and ERMs resulting from vitrectomy. The clinical stages of DR are significantly associated with expression levels of certain chemokines, including monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the intraocular fluid. The MCP-1 is also a known potent chemotactic factor for monocytes and macrophages that can stimulate them to produce superoxide and other mediators. Following hyperglycemia, retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, endothelial cells, and Müller's glial cells are of utmost importance for MCP-1 production, and vitreous MCP-1 levels rise in patients with DR. Increased expression of the MCP-1 in the eyes can also play a significant role in the pathogenesis of DR. In this review, current clinical and laboratory progress achieved on the MCP-1 and the DR concerning neovascularization and inflammatory responses in vitreous and/or aqueous humor of DR patients was summarized. It was suggested that further exploration of the MCP-1/CCR2 axis association between clinical stages of DR and expression levels of inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines and chemokines, principally the MCP-1 might lead to potential therapies aiming at neutralizing antibodies and viral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousof Taghavi
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Nicholas G Kounis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Achaia, Greece
| | - Ioanna Koniari
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, England
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sahajpal NS, Goel RK, Chaubey A, Aurora R, Jain SK. Pathological Perturbations in Diabetic Retinopathy: Hyperglycemia, AGEs, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Pathways. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2018; 20:92-110. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180928123449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains the leading cause of blindness in working-aged adults
around the world. The proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are
the severe vision threatening stages of the disorder. Although, a huge body of research exists in elaborating
the pathological mechanisms that lead to the development of DR, the certainty and the correlation
amongst these pathways remain ambiguous. The complexity of DR lies in the multifactorial pathological
perturbations that are instrumental in both the disease development and its progression. Therefore, a holistic
perspective with an understanding of these pathways and their correlation may explain the pathogenesis
of DR as a unifying mechanism. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways
are the crucial components that are implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. Of these, hyperglycemia appears
to be the initiating central component around which other pathological processes operate. Thus,
this review discusses the role of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of
DR, and highlights the cross-talk amongst these pathways in an attempt to understand the complex interplay
of these mechanisms. Further, an effort has been made to identify the knowledge gap and the key
players in each pathway that may serve as potential therapeutic drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Shri Sahajpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Alka Chaubey
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, South Carolina, SC, United States
| | - Rohan Aurora
- The International School Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tasharrofi S, Taghdisian H, Golchoobi A. Vertically aligned double wall carbon nanotube arrays adsorbent for pure and mixture adsorption of H 2S, ethylbenzene and carbon monoxide, grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 81:86-96. [PMID: 29547876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, pure and ternary adsorption of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ethylbenzene (EB), and carbon monoxide (CO) on different arrays of zigzag double wall carbon nanotube was investigated using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. The internal diameters of nanotube were fixed at 2r = 50.17 Å while nanotube wall distances were different values from d = 0 Å to d = 150 Å. Pure simulation results indicated that adsorption quantity of H2S and EB in low pressure ranges of P = 1.9 bar to P = 3.1 bar was at least 100% more than CO adsorption quantities. At high pressure ranges of P = 23.1 bar to P = 38.2 bar H2S adsorption was greater than EB and CO by about 200 molecules per unit cell (UC) at low nanotube distances. This was related to smaller kinetic diameter and greater dipole moment of H2S compared to EB and CO. At higher nanotube distance the effect of size however disappears and all three gases approach to adsorption quantity of about 800 molecules/UC. Graphical representation of adsorption areas showed that H2S and CO form multilayer adsorption around nanotube inner and outer walls while EB fill the whole space uniformly without any congestion around the walls. Ternary adsorption results EB/CO and H2S/CO selectivity are greater than EB/H2S selectivity. In addition, at smaller nanotube distances H2S/CO selectivity is generally higher than EB/CO selectivity, which at higher nanotube distance the order becomes revers suggesting that size dependent effects on adsorption vanishes. Isosteric heat of adsorption shows that the order of EB > H2S > CO suggesting that ethylbenzene interaction with nanotube arrays was strongest. Although H2S has a greater dipole moment and smaller molecular dimension, EB adsorption at higher nanotube distance is greater than H2S by at least 50% probably because EB is less volatile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Tasharrofi
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI), West Side of Azadi Complex, Tehran, 1485733111, Iran.
| | - Hossein Taghdisian
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI), West Side of Azadi Complex, Tehran, 1485733111, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Golchoobi
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI), West Side of Azadi Complex, Tehran, 1485733111, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|