1
|
Mondal A, Banerjee S, Terang W, Bishayee A, Zhang J, Ren L, da Silva MN, Bishayee A. Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1191-1223. [PMID: 38176910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cancer profoundly influences morbidity and fatality rates worldwide. Patients often have dismal prognoses despite recent improvements in cancer therapy regimens. However, potent biomolecules derived from natural sources, including medicinal and dietary plants, contain biological and pharmacological properties to prevent and treat various human malignancies. Capsaicin is a bioactive phytocompound present in red hot chili peppers. Capsaicin has demonstrated many biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This review highlights the cellular and molecular pathways through which capsaicin exhibits antineoplastic activities. Our work also depicts the synergistic anticancer properties of capsaicin in conjunction with other natural bioactive components and approved anticancer drugs. Capsaicin inhibits proliferation in various cancerous cells, and its antineoplastic actions in numerous in vitro and in vivo carcinoma models impact oncogenesis, tumor-promoting and suppressor genes, and associated signaling pathways. Capsaicin alone or combined with other phytocompounds or approved antineoplastic drugs triggers cell cycle progression arrest, generating reactive oxygen species and disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity, ultimately stimulating caspases and promoting death. Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c-Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, India
| | - Wearank Terang
- Department of Pharmacology, Rahman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kamrup, India
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Chemistry Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Czech-Załubska K, Klich D, Jackowska-Tracz A, Didkowska A, Bogdan J, Anusz K. Dyes Used in Processed Meat Products in the Polish Market, and Their Possible Risks and Benefits for Consumer Health. Foods 2023; 12:2610. [PMID: 37444348 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Manufacturers are obliged to label processed meat products with information concerning the additives used and nutritional values. The aim of the study was to identify the dyes most frequently used in processed meat, evaluate their influence on specific food qualities, assess whether their use was correct and review their effect on health. The analysis was based on information on the labels and images of processed meat, and used a generalised linear model with a binary dependent variable. The risks and benefits for human health were defined based on the available literature. Twelve dyes were found to be used in the manufacture of processed meat. Carmine was found in 183 of 273 (67.03%) evaluated assortments containing dyes. The occurrence of water, flavourings and high fat and carbohydrate contents increased the chances that a dye would be present in a particular product. Unauthorised use of food additives was found in 20 products, with smoked meat products demonstrating the highest number of non-compliances. In general, the dyes used with food are considered safe; however, reservations are associated with the use of E150C and E150D caramels due to their potential carcinogenic effect, and carmine and annatto due to their allergic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czech-Załubska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Klich
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jackowska-Tracz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Didkowska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Bogdan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ao Z, Huang Z, Liu H. Spicy Food and Chili Peppers and Multiple Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200167. [PMID: 36111960 PMCID: PMC10078540 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Spicy foods and chili peppers contain the primary ingredient capsaicin, which has potential health benefits. However, their efficacy in some health outcomes is also fiercely disputed, and some side effects have been confirmed. To assess the quality and strength of the associations between spicy food and chili pepper consumption and different health outcomes. An umbrella review is performed in humans. Eleven systematic reviews and meta-analyses with a total of 27 findings are identified. The health effect of consuming spicy food and chili peppers is unclear. Furthermore, the characteristics and context of different world regions and populations should be carefully considered. Direct correlations exist in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and gallbladder cancer. However, negative connections are reported in metabolism, mortality, and cardiovascular disease. Dose-response analysis reveals a significant nonlinear relationship between gastric cancer risk and capsaicin intake. The consumption of spicy foods and chili peppers is typically safe. However, high-quality proof is available to confirm this conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Ao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zongyue Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie P, Xia W, Lowe S, Zhou Z, Ding P, Cheng C, Bentley R, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Wu B, Gao J, Feng L, Ma S, Liu H, Sun C. High spicy food intake may increase the risk of esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Nutr Res 2022; 107:139-151. [PMID: 36215887 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spicy food is popular with people around the world and reports on the association between spicy food intake and esophageal cancer (EC) risk have been controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of 25 studies to provide the latest evidence for this uncertainty. We hypothesized that high spicy food intake is associated with an increased risk of EC. A database was searched to identify case-control or cohort studies of spicy food intake associated with EC through March 2022. Combined odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs were used to estimate the effect of spicy food intake on EC. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. All data were analyzed using STATA 15.1 software. Twenty-five studies from 22 articles met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis (7810 patients with EC and 515,397 controls). Despite significant heterogeneity (P < .001), the comparison of highest versus lowest spicy food intake in each study showed a significant OR of 1.70 (95% CI, 1.30-2.22). In subgroup analyses, this positive association was found among the Chinese population, different sample sizes of EC, different sources of the control group, and different quality of articles. However, for India, as well as for other countries, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma showed no statistically significant association. This meta-analysis suggests that high levels of spicy food intake may be associated with an increased risk of EC, although 1 prospective study found an inverse association. Additional studies are necessary to confirm the relationship between spicy food and EC risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Weihang Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ping'an Ding
- The Third Department of Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Ce Cheng
- The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724; Banner-University Medical Center South, Tucson, AZ 85713
| | - Rachel Bentley
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA
| | - Yaru Li
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA; Internal Medicine, Swedish Hospital, Chicago, IL 60625, USA
| | - Yichen Wang
- Mercy Internal Medicine Service, Trinity Health of New England, Springfield, MA 01104, USA
| | - Qin Zhou
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Birong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Linya Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago 60657, Illinois, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li D, Zhou C, Wu Y, An Q, Zhang J, Fang Y, Li JQ, Pan C. Nanoselenium integrates soil-pepper plant homeostasis by recruiting rhizosphere-beneficial microbiomes and allocating signaling molecule levels under Cd stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128763. [PMID: 35349848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most studies have focused on regulation in a metabolic pathway in response to exogenous selenium under cadmium stress, rather than the change of key factors in soil and pepper plants. In this study, the correlations in environmental variables, microorganisms, metabolic pathways, Se and Cd morphology under nano-Se intervention were examined using metabolomics and microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil and pepper plants. The principal forms of Se in the soils were Se (VI) and SeCys, while SeMet and MeSeCys were the main components in the root, stem, leaves, and fruits in the treatment of nano-Se (5 and 20 mg/L) relative to the control. Soil enzymes,metabolites (fluorescein diacetate, urease, brassinolide, and p-hydroxybenzonic acid), and plant metabolites (rutin, luteolin, brassinolide, and abscisic acid) were remarkably enhanced by nano-Se fortification. The bio-enhancement of nano-Se can boost the beneficial microorganisms of Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Gemmatimonadetes, Deltaproteobacteria, and Anaerolineae in rhizosphere soil. Changes in microbial community were found to be strongly linked to the environment index, enzymes, soil metabolites, Se forms, which reduced Cd bioavailability and Cd accumulation in pepper plants. In conclusion, the nano-Se application integrates soil-plant balance by improving soil qualities and assigning signaling molecule levels in rhizosphere soil and pepper plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Quanshun An
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingbang Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang Z, Sharma M, Dave A, Yang Y, Chen ZS, Radhakrishnan R. The Antifibrotic and the Anticarcinogenic Activity of Capsaicin in Hot Chili Pepper in Relation to Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888280. [PMID: 35600864 PMCID: PMC9114457 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A burning sensation on eating spicy foods purportedly supports the role of capsaicin, an active component of chili peppers, in the etiology of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Although the mast cell mediators and activated P2X receptors induce a constant burning sensation through an ATP-dependent mechanism, it is the activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1) receptor by capsaicin that aggravates it. The molecular basis for the burning pain in OSF is thus attributable to the activation of TRPV1. There is overwhelming evidence that confirms capsaicin has more of a protective role in attenuating fibrosis and is potentially therapeutic in reversing conditions linked to collagen accumulation. The activation of TRPV-1 by capsaicin increases intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), upregulates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), to enrich endothelium-dependent vasodilation via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The induction of vasodilation induces antifibrotic effects by alleviating hypoxia. The antifibrotic effects of capsaicin are mediated through the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, downregulation of inflammatory genes and suppression of new collagen fibril formation. Capsaicin also demonstrates an anticarcinogenic effect by upregulating the cytotoxic T cells and downregulating regulatory T cells through the inhibition of angiogenesis and promotion of apoptosis. Judicious administration of capsaicin with an appropriate delivery mechanism may have therapeutic benefits in reducing pain sensation, rendering antifibrotic effects, and preventing the malignant transformation of OSF. This paper provides an overview of the molecular basis of capsaicin and its therapeutic application as an antifibrotic and anticarcinogenic agent for the treatment of OSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoufang Huang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, SGT Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Gurugram, India
| | - Aparna Dave
- Department of Oral Pathology, SGT Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Gurugram, India
| | - Yuqi Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Zhe-Sheng Chen, ; Raghu Radhakrishnan,
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India,*Correspondence: Zhe-Sheng Chen, ; Raghu Radhakrishnan,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rah B, Rather RA, Bhat GR, Baba AB, Mushtaq I, Farooq M, Yousuf T, Dar SB, Parveen S, Hassan R, Mohammad F, Qassim I, Bhat A, Ali S, Zargar MH, Afroze D. JAK/STAT Signaling: Molecular Targets, Therapeutic Opportunities, and Limitations of Targeted Inhibitions in Solid Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821344. [PMID: 35401182 PMCID: PMC8987160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK/STAT signaling pathway is one of the important regulatory signaling cascades for the myriad of cellular processes initiated by various types of ligands such as growth factors, hormones, and cytokines. The physiological processes regulated by JAK/STAT signaling are immune regulation, cell proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis and hematopoiesis of myeloid and non-myeloid cells. Dysregulation of JAK/STAT signaling is reported in various immunological disorders, hematological and other solid malignancies through various oncogenic activation mutations in receptors, downstream mediators, and associated transcriptional factors such as STATs. STATs typically have a dual role when explored in the context of cancer. While several members of the STAT family are involved in malignancies, however, a few members which include STAT3 and STAT5 are linked to tumor initiation and progression. Other STAT members such as STAT1 and STAT2 are pivotal for antitumor defense and maintenance of an effective and long-term immune response through evolutionarily conserved programs. The effects of JAK/STAT signaling and the persistent activation of STATs in tumor cell survival; proliferation and invasion have made the JAK/STAT pathway an ideal target for drug development and cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding the intricate JAK/STAT signaling in the pathogenesis of solid malignancies needs extensive research. A better understanding of the functionally redundant roles of JAKs and STATs may provide a rationale for improving existing cancer therapies which have deleterious effects on normal cells and to identifying novel targets for therapeutic intervention in solid malignancies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Szallasi A. Capsaicin and cancer: Guilty as charged or innocent until proven guilty? Temperature (Austin) 2022; 10:35-49. [PMID: 37187832 PMCID: PMC10177684 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2021.2017735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With an estimated 2 billion chili pepper connoisseurs worldwide, the human exposure to capsaicin is enormous. Therefore, the question whether nutritional capsaicin is a cancer causing or cancer preventive agent is of utmost importance. The gamut of human epidemiology studies suggests that capsaicin in modest, "restaurant-like" doses is not only safe to eat, but it may even provide health benefits, such as lower cancer-related death rate. Very "hot" food is, however, probably better avoided. Importantly, no increased cancer risk was reported in patients following topical (skin or intravesical) capsaicin therapy. Aberrant capsaicin receptor TRPV1 expression was noted in various cancers with potential implications for cancer therapy, diagnosis and prognostication. Indeed, capsaicin can kill cancer cells by a combination of on- and off-target mechanisms, though it remains unclear if this can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. The literature on capsaicin and cancer is vast and controversial. This review aims to find answers to questions that are relevant for our daily life and medical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Panpetch W, Visitchanakun P, Saisorn W, Sawatpanich A, Chatthanathon P, Somboonna N, Tumwasorn S, Leelahavanichkul A. Lactobacillus rhamnosus attenuates Thai chili extracts induced gut inflammation and dysbiosis despite capsaicin bactericidal effect against the probiotics, a possible toxicity of high dose capsaicin. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261189. [PMID: 34941893 PMCID: PMC8699716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of a possible impact of capsaicin in the high concentrations on enterocyte injury (cytotoxicity) and bactericidal activity on probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34 (L34) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), the probiotics derived from Thai and Caucasian population, respectively, were tested in the chili-extract administered C57BL/6 mice and in vitro experiments. In comparison with placebo, 2 weeks administration of the extract from Thai chili in mice caused loose feces and induced intestinal permeability defect as indicated by FITC-dextran assay and the reduction in tight junction molecules (occludin and zona occludens-1) using fluorescent staining and gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, the chili extracts also induced the translocation of gut pathogen molecules; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (1→3)-β-d-glucan (BG) and fecal dysbiosis (microbiome analysis), including reduced Firmicutes, increased Bacteroides, and enhanced total Gram-negative bacteria in feces. Both L34 and LGG attenuated gut barrier defect (FITC-dextran, the fluorescent staining and gene expression of tight junction molecules) but not improved fecal consistency. Additionally, high concentrations of capsaicin (0.02-2 mM) damage enterocytes (Caco-2 and HT-29) as indicated by cell viability test, supernatant cytokine (IL-8), transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and transepithelial FITC-dextran (4.4 kDa) but were attenuated by Lactobacillus condition media (LCM) from both probiotic-strains. The 24 h incubation with 2 mM capsaicin (but not the lower concentrations) reduced the abundance of LGG (but not L34) implying a higher capsaicin tolerance of L34. However, Lactobacillus rhamnosus fecal abundance, using qRT-PCR, of L34 or LGG after 3, 7, and 20 days of the administration in the Thai healthy volunteers demonstrated the similarity between both strains. In conclusion, high dose chili extracts impaired gut permeability and induced gut dysbiosis but were attenuated by probiotics. Despite a better capsaicin tolerance of L34 compared with LGG in vitro, L34 abundance in feces was not different to LGG in the healthy volunteers. More studies on probiotics with a higher intake of chili in human are interesting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wimonrat Panpetch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peerapat Visitchanakun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Saisorn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ajcharaporn Sawatpanich
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piraya Chatthanathon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naraporn Somboonna
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Microbiome Research Unit for Probiotics in Food and Cosmetics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somying Tumwasorn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (AL); (ST)
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (AL); (ST)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nanoselenium transformation and inhibition of cadmium accumulation by regulating the lignin biosynthetic pathway and plant hormone signal transduction in pepper plants. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:316. [PMID: 34641908 PMCID: PMC8507250 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) can promote the growth and resistance of agricultural crops as fertilizers, while the role of nano-selenium (nano-Se) against Cd remains unclear in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.). Biofortification with nano-Se observably restored Cd stress by decreasing the level of Cd in plant tissues and boosting the accumulation in biomass. The Se compounds transformed by nano-Se were primarily in the form of SeMet and MeSeCys in pepper tissues. Differential metabolites and the genes of plant signal transduction and lignin biosynthesis were measured by employing transcriptomics and determining target metabolites. The number of lignin-related genes (PAL, CAD, 4CL, and COMT) and contents of metabolites (sinapyl alcohol, phenylalanine, p-coumaryl alcohol, caffeyl alcohol, and coniferaldehyde) were remarkably enhanced by treatment with Cd1Se0.2, thus, maintaining the integrity of cell walls in the roots. It also enhanced signal transduction by plant hormones and responsive resistance by inducing the biosynthesis of genes (BZR1, LOX3, and NCDE1) and metabolites (brassinolide, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid) in the roots and leaves. In general, this study can enable a better understanding of the protective mechanism of nano-Se in improving the capacity of plants to resist environmental stress. ![]()
Collapse
|
11
|
Dias MS, Junior EPV, Santos BCD, Martins FA, Almeida PMDE, Peron AP. Cytogenotoxicity and protective effect of piperine and capsaicin on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20201772. [PMID: 34550203 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine and capsaicin are important molecules with biological and pharmacological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the cytogenotoxic and protective effect of piperine and capsaicin on Allium cepa cells. A. cepa roots were exposed to negative (2% Dimethylsulfoxide) and positive (Methylmethanesulfonate, MMS, 10 µg/mL) controls, and four concentrations (25-200 µM) of piperine or capsaicin (alone) or associated before, simultaneously or after with the MMS. Only the lowest concentration of piperine (25 µM) showed a protective effect because it was not genotoxic. Piperine and capsaicin were cytotoxic (50, 100 and 200 µM). Piperine (50 to 200 µM) caused a significant increase in the total average of chromosomal alterations of in A. cepa cells. For capsaicin, the genotoxic effect was dose-dependent with a significant increase for all concentrations, highlighting the significant presence of micronuclei and nuclear buds for the two isolates. In general, bioactive compounds reduced the total average of chromosomal alterations against damage caused by MMS, mainly micronuclei and/or nuclear buds. Therefore, the two molecules were cytotoxic and genotoxic at the highest concentrations, and did not have cytoprotective action, and the lowest concentration of piperine demonstrated important chemopreventive activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcondes S Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal do Piauí /UFPI, Laboratório de Genética, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Erasmo P V Junior
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Francielle A Martins
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Pedro M DE Almeida
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana P Peron
- Universidade Federal de Tecnologia, Paraná /UTFPR, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Campus Campo Mourão, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Caixa Postal 271, 87301-899 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Islam A, Hsieh PF, Liu PF, Chou JC, Liao JW, Hsieh MK, Chueh PJ. Capsaicin exerts therapeutic effects by targeting tNOX-SIRT1 axis and augmenting ROS-dependent autophagy in melanoma cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4199-4219. [PMID: 34659883 PMCID: PMC8493390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although considered a sporadic type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma has regularly increased internationally and is a major cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The treatment options for malignant melanoma are very limited. Accumulating data suggest that the natural compound, capsaicin, exhibits preferential anticancer properties to act as a nutraceutical agent. Here, we explored the underlying molecular events involved in the inhibitory effect of capsaicin on melanoma growth. The cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), isothermal dose-response fingerprint curves (ITDRFCETSA), and CETSA-pulse proteolysis were utilized to confirm the direct binding of capsaicin with the tumor-associated NADH oxidase, tNOX (ENOX2) in melanoma cells. We also assessed the cellular impact of capsaicin-targeting of tNOX on A375 cells by flow cytometry and protein analysis. The essential role of tNOX in tumor- and melanoma-growth limiting abilities of capsaicin was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice. Our data show that capsaicin directly engaged with cellular tNOX to inhibit its enzymatic activity and enhance protein degradation capacity. The inhibition of tNOX by capsaicin was accompanied by the attenuation of SIRT1, a NAD+-dependent deacetylase. The suppression of tNOX and SIRT1 then enhanced ULK1 acetylation and induced ROS-dependent autophagy in melanoma cells. Capsaicin treatment of mice implanted with melanoma cancer cells suppressed tumor growth by down-regulating tNOX and SIRT1, which was also seen in an in vivo xenograft study with tNOX-depleted melanoma cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that tNOX expression is important for the growth of melanoma cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, and that inhibition of the tNOX-SIRT1 axis contributes to inducting ROS-dependent autophagy in melanoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atikul Islam
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fen Liu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kun Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pin Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang X, Li C, Yun F, Jiang X, Yu L. Preparation and Evaluation of Gallate Ester Derivatives Used as Promising Antioxidant and Antibacterial Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000913. [PMID: 33496373 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many gallate esters have been applied as food additives due to their good biological properties. Herein, nine novel gallate ester derivatives were synthesized by a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction and characterized by melting point (m.p.), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H- and 13 C-NMR) spectra, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). Their antioxidant and antibacterial activities were measured using a series of classical assays. Studies found that the products showed favorable antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH⋅ ) scavenging effect IC50 values were less than 5.00 μg mL-1 and their reducing power was not less than that of vitamin C (Vc). Furthermore, the antibacterial results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the products were not greater than 8.00 μg mL-1 , and their antibacterial rates were over 95 % at 300 μg mL-1 . The above data add valuable and novel information that gallate ester derivatives can be considered potential food additives to address food safety issues because of their high biological activity and health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Cuiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.,Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.,Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Basharat S, Gilani SA, Iftikhar F, Murtaza MA, Basharat A, Sattar A, Qamar MM, Ali M. Capsaicin: Plants of the Genus Capsicum and Positive Effect of Oriental Spice on Skin Health. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 33:331-341. [PMID: 33401283 DOI: 10.1159/000512196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsaicin, the main pungent ingredient in hot chili peppers, causes excitation of small sensory neurons. It also provides the basic pungent flavor in Capsicum fruits. SUMMARY Capsaicin plays a vital role as an agonist for the TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1) receptor. TRPV1 is essential for the reduction of oxidative stress, pain sensations, and inflammation. Therefore, it has many pros related to health issue. Activation and positive impact of TRPV1 via capsaicin has been studied in various dermatological conditions and in other skin-related issues. Past studies documented that capsaicin plays a vital role in the prevention of atopic dermatitis as well as psoriasis. Moreover, TRPV1 is also very important for skin health because it acts as a capsaicin receptor. It is found in nociceptive nerve fibers and nonneural structures. It prompts the release of a compound that is involved in communicating pain between the spinal cord nerves and other parts of the body. Key Messages: Here, we summarize the growing evidence for the beneficial role of capsaicin and TRPV1 and how they help in the relief of skin diseases such as inflammation, permeation, dysfunction, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis and in pain amplification syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnai Basharat
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan,
| | - Syed Amir Gilani
- Dean, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Iftikhar
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Ayesha Basharat
- Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Sattar
- Food Microbiology and Technology, Bahaudin Zikriya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mustafa Qamar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargodha Medical College, The University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, The University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chang CF, Islam A, Liu PF, Zhan JH, Chueh PJ. Capsaicin acts through tNOX (ENOX2) to induce autophagic apoptosis in p53-mutated HSC-3 cells but autophagy in p53-functional SAS oral cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3230-3247. [PMID: 33163267 PMCID: PMC7642647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress that has been made in diagnosing and treating oral cancers, they continue to have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival rate of approximately 50%. We have intensively studied the anticancer properties of capsaicin (a burning constituent of chili pepper), mainly focusing on its apoptotic properties. Here, we investigated the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy in capsaicin-treated oral cancer cells with either functional or mutant p53. Cytotoxicity was determined by cell impedance measurements and WST-1 assays, and cell death was analyzed by flow cytometry. The interaction between capsaicin and tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX, ENOX2) was studied by cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and isothermal dose-response fingerprint curves (ITDRFCETSA). Our CETSA data suggested that capsaicin directly engaged with tNOX, resulting in its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems. In p53-functional SAS cells, capsaicin induced significant cytotoxicity via autophagy but not apoptosis. Given that tNOX catalyzes the oxidation of NADH, the direct binding of capsaicin to tNOX also inhibited the NAD+-dependent activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deacetylase, we found that capsaicin-induced autophagy involved enhanced acetylation of ULK1, which is a key player in autophagy activation, possibly through SIRT1 inhibition. In p53-mutated HSC-3 cells, capsaicin triggered both autophagy and apoptosis. In this case, autophagy occurred before apoptosis: during this early stage, autophagy seemed to inhibit apoptosis; at a later stage, in contrast, autophagy appeared to be essential for the induction of apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that the reduction in tNOX and SIRT1 associated with enhanced ULK1 acetylation and c-Myc acetylation, which in turn, reactivated the TRAIL pathway, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Taken together, our data highlight the potential value of leveraging capsaicin and tNOX in therapeutic strategies against oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Fang Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jen-Ai HospitalTaichung 41265, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Jen-Ai HospitalTaichung 41265, Taiwan
- Cancer Medicine Center, Jen-Ai HospitalTaichung 41265, Taiwan
- Basic Medical Education Center, Central Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaichung 40601, Taiwan
| | - Atikul Islam
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fen Liu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda Road, South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Han Zhan
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pin Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li D, Zhou C, Zhang J, An Q, Wu Y, Li JQ, Pan C. Nanoselenium Foliar Applications Enhance the Nutrient Quality of Pepper by Activating the Capsaicinoid Synthetic Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9888-9895. [PMID: 32809823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the crop quality through enhancement of plant health is a challenging task. In this study, nanoselenium (nano-Se) was sprayed on pepper leaves, and the pepper components were compared to those of selenite. It was found that nano-Se (20 mg/L) resulted in a greater performance of plant health. It increased the chlorophyll and soluble sugar levels, which could activate phenylpropane and branched-chain fatty acid pathways, as well as AT3-related enzymes and gene expressions. These led to an enhancement for the synthesis of capsaicinoids, flavonoids, and total phenols. The nano-Se treatment also significantly promoted the expression of phyto-hormones synthesis genes, and consequently increased jasmonic, abscisic, and salicylic acid levels. Proline pathway-related compounds were increased, which could decrease the malondialdehyde and hydroxyl radical levels in crops. This study shows that nano-Se activated capsaicinoid pathways by enhancing photosynthesis and raising soluble sugar levels. The capsaicinoid contents in peppers were then increased, which consequently promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites and antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingbang Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Quanshun An
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tang K, Zhang X, Guo Y. Identification of the dietary supplement capsaicin as an inhibitor of Lassa virus entry. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:789-798. [PMID: 32528827 PMCID: PMC7276894 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited treatment options for the increasing occurrence of Lassa hemorrhagic fever in West Africa poses an urgent need for the discovery and development of novel therapeutics. Dietary supplements, especially natural products that are edible and safe for human use, are a good source of drug discovery with potential for uncovering novel applications. In this study, we tested 40 natural products of dietary supplements and identified capsaicin, a common dietary supplement abundant in chili peppers, as an inhibitor of Lassa virus (LASV) entry with EC50 of 6.9-10.0 μmol/L using an HIV based pseudovirus platform. Capsaicin inhibits the entry of five LASV strains but not against the Old World arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), showing a preferential activity against LASV. Capsaicin inhibits LASV entry by blocking the pH dependent viral fusion through affecting the stable signal peptide (SSP)-GP2 transmembrane (GP2TM) region of the LASV surface glycoprotein. Mutational study revealed the key residues Ala25, Val431, Phe434 and Val435 in SSP-GP2TM region in capsaicin's antiviral effect. This study for the first time reveals a direct acting antiviral effect of capsaicin against the hemorrhagic fever causing LASV, providing detailed interaction hot spots in the unique SSP-GP2TM interface of LASV glycoprotein that is crucial in fusion inhibition, and offering a new strategy in discovering and developing antivirals from natural products that are safe for human use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Yu L, Liu Y, Jiang X. Synthesis and fouling resistance of capsaicin derivatives containing amide groups. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136361. [PMID: 31926417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin, which inhibits the attachment and growth of fouling organisms, is a bioactive substance that is generally recognized as a highly active environmental algaecide agent. Its derivatives are simple in structure and have been proven to have low toxicity and be environmentally friendly. Six capsaicin derivatives were synthesized via Friedel-Crafts alkylation and characterized using melting point (MP) analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The inhibition effect and toxicity of these compounds towards Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum), Skeletonema costatum (S. costatum) and Chaetoceros curvisetus (C. curvisetus) were tested. The capsaicin derivatives all showed inhibitory effects. In particular, compound E with over 95% (3 mg·L-1) inhibition and intermediate toxicity was superior to the other compounds, reflecting an environmentally friendly effect. This finding indicates that capsaicin derivatives possess the potential to become environmentally friendly algaecide agents. The fouling resistance of capsaicin derivatives incorporated into the coatings as antifouling agents was measured in the marine environment. The results showed that capsaicin derivatives possess excellent fouling resistance, with only a small amount of algae and muck attached to the tested panel at 90 days. The above results provide a scientific basis for the application of capsaicin derivatives as environmentally friendly antifouling agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Friedman JR, Richbart SD, Merritt JC, Brown KC, Denning KL, Tirona MT, Valentovic MA, Miles SL, Dasgupta P. Capsaicinoids: Multiple effects on angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109317. [PMID: 31404777 PMCID: PMC6759410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is a complex multistep process comprising of angiogenesis of the primary tumor, its invasion into the surrounding stroma and its migration to distant organs to produce metastases. Nutritional compounds of the "capsaicinoid" family regulate angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Capsaicinoids display robust anti-angiogenic activity in both cell culture and mice models. However, conflicting reports exist about the effect of capsaicinoids on invasion of metastasis of cancers. While some published reports have described an anti-invasive and anti-metastatic role for capsaicinoids, others have argued that capsaicinoids stimulate invasion and metastasis of cancers. The present review article summarizes these findings involving the bioactivity of capsaicin in angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of cancer. A survey of literature indicate that they are several articles summarizing the growth-inhibitory activity of capsaicinoids but few describe its effects on angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis in detail. Our review article fills this gap of knowledge. The discovery of a second generation of natural and synthetic capsaicin analogs (with anti-tumor activity) will pave the way to improved strategies for the treatment of several human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Stephen D Richbart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Justin C Merritt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Krista L Denning
- Department of Pathology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Maria T Tirona
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Edwards Cancer Center, Cabell Huntington Hospital, 1400 Hal Greer Boulevard, Huntington, WV 25701, United States
| | - Monica A Valentovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Sarah L Miles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kang P, Li L, Yan L, Ju X, Hu C, Yao X. Enhancement of erythritol production in Trichosporonoides oedocephalis by regulating cellular morphology with betaine. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
21
|
Bao Z, Dai X, Wang P, Tao Y, Chai D. Capsaicin induces cytotoxicity in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells through TRPV1-dependent and -independent pathways. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1379-1392. [PMID: 31095448 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1618119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An accumulating body of evidence has shown that capsaicin induces apoptosis in various tumor cells as a mechanism of its anti-tumor activity. However, the effects of capsaicin on osteosarcoma have not been studied extensively. In the current study, we explore the molecular mechanism of capsaicin-mediated tumor suppressive function in osteosarcoma. We found that capsaicin-induced apoptosis and the activation of transient receptor potential receptor vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in vitro. Blocking TRPV1 using capsazepine attenuated the capsaicin-induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, the results demonstrated that capsaicin induced the activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p53 and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, Compound C (antagonist of AMPK) attenuated the activation of p53, which appeared to be TRPV1 independent. Taken together, the present study suggests that capsaicin effectively causes cell death in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells via the activation of TRPV1-dependent (mitochondrial dysfunction, and overproduction of ROS and JNK) and TRPV1-independent (AMPK-p53) pathways. Thus, capsaicin may be a potential anti-osteosarcoma agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Bao
- a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Xiusong Dai
- a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Peter Wang
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine , Bengbu Medical College , Anhui , China
| | - Yisheng Tao
- c Department of Pathology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Damin Chai
- c Department of Pathology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bioinspired-Metalloporphyrin Magnetic Nanocomposite as a Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of Diastereomeric (-)-Isopulegol Epoxide: Anticancer Activity Against Human Osteosarcoma Cells (MG-63). Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010052. [PMID: 30586854 PMCID: PMC6337611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we developed a green epoxidation approach for the synthesis of the diastereomers of (−)-isopulegol benzyl ether epoxide using molecular oxygen as the oxidant and a hybrid manganese(III)-porphyrin magnetic reusable nanocomposite as the catalyst. High activity, selectivity, and stability were obtained, with up to four recycling cycles without the loss of activity and selectivity for epoxide. The anticancer effect of the newly synthesized isopulegol epoxide diastereomers was evaluated on a human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63); both diastereomers showed similar in vitro potency. The measured IC50 values were significantly lower than those reported for other monoterpene analogues, rendering these epoxide isomers as promising anti-tumor agents against low prognosis osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang H, Yuan L, Zhu H, Jin R, Xing J. Comparative study of capsaicin molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by different polymerization methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, School of EngineeringChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Lili Yuan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, School of EngineeringChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, School of EngineeringChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Risheng Jin
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry Nanjing China
| | - Jiudong Xing
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, School of EngineeringChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
M S, Chhapekar SS, Ahmad I, Abraham SK, Ramchiary N. Analysis of bioactive components in Ghost chili (Capsicum chinense) for antioxidant, genotoxic, and apoptotic effects in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:182-191. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1483945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarpras M
- Laboratory of Translational & Evolutionary Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushil Satish Chhapekar
- Laboratory of Translational & Evolutionary Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ilyas Ahmad
- Laboratory of Translational & Evolutionary Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Suresh K. Abraham
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- Laboratory of Translational & Evolutionary Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Friedman JR, Nolan NA, Brown KC, Miles SL, Akers AT, Colclough KW, Seidler JM, Rimoldi JM, Valentovic MA, Dasgupta P. Anticancer Activity of Natural and Synthetic Capsaicin Analogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 364:462-473. [PMID: 29246887 PMCID: PMC5803642 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional compound capsaicin is the major spicy ingredient of chili peppers. Although traditionally associated with analgesic activity, recent studies have shown that capsaicin has profound antineoplastic effects in several types of human cancers. However, the applications of capsaicin as a clinically viable drug are limited by its unpleasant side effects, such as gastric irritation, stomach cramps, and burning sensation. This has led to extensive research focused on the identification and rational design of second-generation capsaicin analogs, which possess greater bioactivity than capsaicin. A majority of these natural capsaicinoids and synthetic capsaicin analogs have been studied for their pain-relieving activity. Only a few of these capsaicin analogs have been investigated for their anticancer activity in cell culture and animal models. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the growth-inhibitory activity of natural capsaicinoids and synthetic capsaicin analogs. Future studies that examine the anticancer activity of a greater number of capsaicin analogs represent novel strategies in the treatment of human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Nicholas A Nolan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Sarah L Miles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Austin T Akers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Kate W Colclough
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Jessica M Seidler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - John M Rimoldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Monica A Valentovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu HH, Yoon GH, Choi JH, Kang KM, Hwang HJ. Application of Baechu-Kimchi Powder and GABA-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Production of Functional Fermented Sausages. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:804-812. [PMID: 29725201 PMCID: PMC5932953 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the physicochemical, microbiological, and quality characteristics of a new type of fermented sausage manufactured by incorporating Baechu-kimchi powder and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The LAB count was at the maximum level by day nine of ripening in inoculated sausages, accompanied by a rapid decrease in the pH. The addition of kimchi powder decreased the lightness (L*) and increased the redness (a*) and, yellowness (b*) values, while also significantly increasing the hardness and chewiness of the sausage (p<0.05). Moreover, although the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values increased in all samples during the study period, this increase was lower in the kimchi-treated samples, indicating a reduction in lipid oxidation. Overall, our results show that the addition of Baechu-kimchi powder to sausages reduced the off-flavor properties and improved the taste profile of the fermented sausage in sensory evaluations. The GABA content of all fermented sausages increased from 17.42-25.14 mg/kg on the third day of fermentation to 60.95-61.47 mg/kg on the thirtieth day. These results demonstrate that Baechu-kimchi powder and GABA-producing LAB could be functional materials in fermented sausage to improve quality characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Han-Joon Hwang
- Corresponding author Han-Joon Hwang Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea Tel: +82-44-860-1434 Fax: +82-44-860-1770 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|