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Martínková J, Motyka V, Bitomský M, Adamec L, Dobrev PI, Filartiga A, Filepová R, Gaudinová A, Lacek J, Klimešová J. What determines root-sprouting ability: Injury or phytohormones? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16102. [PMID: 36371783 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Root-sprouting (RS) is an evolutionarily independent alternative to axillary stem branching for a plant to attain its architecture. Root-sprouting plants are better adapted to disturbance than non-RS plants, and their vigor is frequently boosted by biomass removal. Nevertheless, RS plants are rarer than plants that are not root-sprouters, possibly because they must overcome developmental barriers such as intrinsic phytohormonal balance or because RS ability is conditioned by injury to the plant body. The objective of this study was to identify whether phytohormones or injury enable RS. METHODS In a greenhouse experiment, growth variables, root respiration, and phytohormones were analyzed in two closely related clonal herbs that differ in RS ability (spontaneously RS Inula britannica and rhizomatous non-RS I. salicina) with and without severe biomass removal. RESULTS As previously reported, I. britannica is a root-sprouter, but injury did not boost its RS ability. Root respiration did not differ between the two species and decreased continuously with time irrespectively of injury, but their phytohormone profiles differed significantly. In RS species, the auxins-to-cytokinins ratio was low, and injury further decreased it. CONCLUSIONS This first attempt to test drivers behind different plant growth forms suggests that intrinsic phytohormone regulation, especially the auxins-to-cytokinins ratio, might be behind RS ability. Injury, causing a phytohormonal imbalance, seems to be less important in spontaneously RS species than expected for RS species in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Martínková
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Motyka
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bitomský
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 241/27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Adamec
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter I Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Arinawa Filartiga
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roberta Filepová
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Gaudinová
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Lacek
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klimešová
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic
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Pan W, Liang J, Sui J, Li J, Liu C, Xin Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Yi M, Gazzarrini S, Wu J. ABA and Bud Dormancy in Perennials: Current Knowledge and Future Perspective. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101635. [PMID: 34681029 PMCID: PMC8536057 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bud dormancy is an evolved trait that confers adaptation to harsh environments, and affects flower differentiation, crop yield and vegetative growth in perennials. ABA is a stress hormone and a major regulator of dormancy. Although the physiology of bud dormancy is complex, several advancements have been achieved in this field recently by using genetics, omics and bioinformatics methods. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of ABA and environmental signals, as well as the interplay of other hormones and sucrose, in the regulation of this process. We also discuss emerging potential mechanisms in this physiological process, including epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Juanjuan Sui
- Biology and Food Engineering College, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China;
| | - Jingru Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yin Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Shaokun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Mingfang Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sonia Gazzarrini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada;
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Jian Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.P.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Manoharan B, Qi SS, Dhandapani V, Chen Q, Rutherford S, Wan JS, Jegadeesan S, Yang HY, Li Q, Li J, Dai ZC, Du DL. Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Enhanced Defense Responses in an Invasive Weed Compared to Its Native Congener During Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4916. [PMID: 31623404 PMCID: PMC6801458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive plants are a huge burden on the environment, and modify local ecosystems by affecting the indigenous biodiversity. Invasive plants are generally less affected by pathogens, although the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for their enhanced resistance are unknown. We investigated expression profiles of three defense hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene) and their associated genes in the invasive weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and its native congener, A. sessilis, after inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani. Pathogenicity tests showed significantly slower disease progression in A. philoxeroides compared to A. sessilis. Expression analyses revealed jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) expressions were differentially regulated between A. philoxeroides and A. sessilis, with the former having prominent antagonistic cross-talk between salicylic acid (SA) and JA, and the latter showing weak or no cross-talk during disease development. We also found that JA levels decreased and SA levels increased during disease development in A. philoxeroides. Variations in hormonal gene expression between the invasive and native species (including interspecific differences in the strength of antagonistic cross-talk) were identified during R. solani pathogenesis. Thus, plant hormones and their cross-talk signaling may improve the resistance of invasive A. philoxeroides to pathogens, which has implications for other invasive species during the invasion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharani Manoharan
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Qi
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Vignesh Dhandapani
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Qi Chen
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Susan Rutherford
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
| | - Justin Sh Wan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
| | - Sridharan Jegadeesan
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 761001, Israel.
| | - Hong-Yu Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Qin Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Zhi-Cong Dai
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China..
| | - Dao-Lin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Balao F, Paun O, Alonso C. Uncovering the contribution of epigenetics to plant phenotypic variation in Mediterranean ecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018. [PMID: 28637098 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic signals can affect plant phenotype and fitness and be stably inherited across multiple generations. Epigenetic regulation plays a key role in the mechanisms of plant response to the environment, without altering DNA sequence. As plants cannot adapt behaviourally or migrate instantly, such dynamic epigenetic responses may be particularly crucial for survival of plants within changing and challenging environments, such as the Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems (MTEs). These ecosystems suffer recurrent stressful events (warm and dry summers with associated fire regimes) that have selected for plants with similar phenotypic complex traits, resulting in similar vegetation growth forms. However, the potential role of epigenetics in plant adaptation to recurrent stressful environments such as the MTEs has generally been ignored. To understand the full spectrum of adaptive processes in such contexts, it is imperative to prompt study of the causes and consequences of epigenetic variation in natural populations. With this purpose, we review here current knowledge on epigenetic variation in natural populations and the genetic and epigenetic basis of some key traits for plants in the MTEs, namely those traits involved in adaptation to drought, fire and oligotrophic soils. We conclude there is still much to be learned about 'plant epigenetics in the wild' and, thus, we propose future research steps in the study of natural epigenetic variation of key traits in the MTEs at different scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Balao
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - O Paun
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Alonso
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
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5
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Chao WS, Doğramacı M, Horvath DP, Anderson JV, Foley ME. Comparison of phytohormone levels and transcript profiles during seasonal dormancy transitions in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:281-302. [PMID: 28365837 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial weed that maintains its perennial growth habit through generation of underground adventitious buds (UABs) on the crown and lateral roots. These UABs undergo seasonal phases of dormancy under natural conditions, namely para-, endo-, and ecodormancy in summer, fall, and winter, respectively. These dormancy phases can also be induced in growth chambers by manipulating photoperiod and temperature. In this study, UABs induced into the three phases of dormancy under controlled conditions were used to compare changes in phytohormone and transcriptome profiles. Results indicated that relatively high levels of ABA, the ABA metabolite PA, and IAA were found in paradormant buds. When UABs transitioned from para- to endodormancy, ABA and PA levels decreased, whereas IAA levels were maintained. Additionally, transcript profiles associated with regulation of soluble sugars and ethylene activities were also increased during para- to endodormancy transition, which may play some role in maintaining endodormancy status. When crown buds transitioned from endo- to ecodormancy, the ABA metabolites PA and DPA decreased significantly along with the down-regulation of ABA biosynthesis genes, ABA2 and NCED3. IAA levels were also significantly lower in ecodormant buds than that of endodormant buds. We hypothesize that extended cold treatment may trigger physiological stress in endodormant buds, and that these stress-associated signals induced the endo- to ecodormancy transition and growth competence. The up-regulation of NAD/NADH phosphorylation and dephosphorylation pathway, and MAF3-like and GRFs genes, may be considered as markers of growth competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wun S Chao
- Biosciences Research Lab, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - Münevver Doğramacı
- Biosciences Research Lab, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA
| | - David P Horvath
- Biosciences Research Lab, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA
| | - James V Anderson
- Biosciences Research Lab, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA
| | - Michael E Foley
- Biosciences Research Lab, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard N., Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA
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Jia H, Xie Z, Wang C, Shangguan L, Qian N, Cui M, Liu Z, Zheng T, Wang M, Fang J. Abscisic acid, sucrose, and auxin coordinately regulate berry ripening process of the Fujiminori grape. Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 17:441-457. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-017-0546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yamagishi N, Kume K, Hikage T, Takahashi Y, Bidadi H, Wakameda K, Saitoh Y, Yoshikawa N, Tsutsumi KI. Identification and functional analysis of SVP ortholog in herbaceous perennial plant Gentiana triflora: Implication for its multifunctional roles. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 248:1-7. [PMID: 27181941 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Information concerning to regulation of vegetative phase and floral initiation in herbaceous perennial plants has been limited to a few plant species. To know and compare flowering regulation in a wider range of plant species, we identified and characterized SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP)-like genes (GtSVP-L1 and GtSVP-L2) from herbaceous perennial gentian (Gentiana triflora). Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV)-mediated silencing of the GtSVP-L1 in G. triflora seedlings resulted in early flowering and shortened vegetative phase by about one-third period of time, without vernalization. This indicated that GtSVP-L1 acts as a negative regulator of flowering and vegetative phase. Seasonal change in the expression of GtSVP was monitored in the overwinter buds (OWBs) of G. triflora. It was found that the levels of GtSVP-L1 mRNA in OWBs increased concomitantly with induction and/or maintenance of dormancy, then decreased toward release from dormancy, while that of GtSVP-L2 mRNA remained low and unchanged. These results implied that, in herbaceous perennial plants, SVP ortholog might concern to activity-dormancy control, as well as negative regulation in flowering. Practically, these results can be applicable to non-time-consuming technologies for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamagishi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Kohei Kume
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Hikage
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; Hachimantai City Floricultural Research and Development Center, Hachimantai, Iwate 028-7592, Japan
| | - Yui Takahashi
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Haniyeh Bidadi
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Keisuke Wakameda
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yasushi Saitoh
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Yoshikawa
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tsutsumi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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Chai C, Wang Y, Valliyodan B, Nguyen HT. Comprehensive Analysis of the Soybean (Glycine max) GmLAX Auxin Transporter Gene Family. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:282. [PMID: 27014306 PMCID: PMC4783406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin plays a critical role in regulation of plant growth and development as well as plant responses to abiotic stresses. This is mainly achieved through its uneven distribution in plant via a polar auxin transport process. Auxin transporters are major players in polar auxin transport. The AUXIN RESISTENT 1/LIKE AUX1 (AUX/LAX) auxin influx carriers belong to the amino acid permease family of proton-driven transporters and function in the uptake of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In this study, genome-wide comprehensive analysis of the soybean AUX/LAX (GmLAX) gene family, including phylogenic relationships, chromosome localization, and gene structure, was carried out. A total of 15 GmLAX genes, including seven duplicated gene pairs, were identified in the soybean genome. They were distributed on 10 chromosomes. Despite their higher percentage identities at the protein level, GmLAXs exhibited versatile tissue-specific expression patterns, indicating coordinated functioning during plant growth and development. Most GmLAXs were responsive to drought and dehydration stresses and auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) stimuli, in a tissue- and/or time point- sensitive mode. Several GmLAX members were involved in responding to salt stress. Sequence analysis revealed that promoters of GmLAXs contained different combinations of stress-related cis-regulatory elements. These studies suggest that the soybean GmLAXs were under control of a very complex regulatory network, responding to various internal and external signals. This study helps to identity candidate GmLAXs for further analysis of their roles in soybean development and adaption to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry T. Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of MissouriColumbia, MO, USA
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Chao WS, Doğramaci M, Horvath DP, Anderson JV, Foley ME. Phytohormone balance and stress-related cellular responses are involved in the transition from bud to shoot growth in leafy spurge. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:47. [PMID: 26897527 PMCID: PMC4761131 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous weed that maintains a perennial growth pattern through seasonal production of abundant underground adventitious buds (UABs) on the crown and lateral roots. During the normal growing season, differentiation of bud to shoot growth is inhibited by physiological factors external to the affected structure; a phenomenon referred to as paradormancy. Initiation of shoot growth from paradormant UABs can be accomplished through removal of the aerial shoots (hereafter referred to as paradormancy release). RESULTS In this study, phytohormone abundance and the transcriptomes of paradormant UABs vs. shoot-induced growth at 6, 24, and 72 h after paradormancy release were compared based on hormone profiling and RNA-seq analyses. Results indicated that auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), and flavonoid signaling were involved in maintaining paradormancy in UABs of leafy spurge. However, auxin, ABA, and flavonoid levels/signals decreased by 6 h after paradormancy release, in conjunction with increase in gibberellic acid (GA), cytokinin, jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and brassinosteroid (BR) levels/signals. Twenty four h after paradormancy release, auxin and ABA levels/signals increased, in conjunction with increase in GA levels/signals. Major cellular changes were also identified in UABs at 24 h, since both principal component and Venn diagram analysis of transcriptomes clearly set the 24 h shoot-induced growth apart from other time groups. In addition, increase in auxin and ABA levels/signals and the down-regulation of 40 over-represented AraCyc pathways indicated that stress-derived cellular responses may be involved in the activation of stress-induced re-orientation required for initiation of shoot growth. Seventy two h after paradormancy release, auxin, cytokinin, and GA levels/signals were increased, whereas ABA, JA, and ethylene levels/signals were decreased. CONCLUSION Combined results were consistent with different phytohormone signals acting in concert to direct cellular changes involved in bud differentiation and shoot growth. In addition, shifts in balance of these phytohormones at different time points and stress-related cellular responses after paradormancy release appear to be critical factors driving transition of bud to shoot growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wun S Chao
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - Münevver Doğramaci
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - David P Horvath
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - James V Anderson
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
| | - Michael E Foley
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA.
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Hikage T, Yamagishi N, Takahashi Y, Saitoh Y, Yoshikawa N, Tsutsumi KI. Allelic variants of the esterase gene W14/15 differentially regulate overwinter survival in perennial gentian (Gentiana L.). Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 291:989-97. [PMID: 26701352 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Overwinter survival has to be under critical regulation in the lifecycle of herbaceous perennial plants. Gentians (Gentiana L.) maintain their perennial life style through producing dormant and freezing-tolerant overwinter buds (OWBs) to overcome cold winter. However, the mechanism acting on such an overwinter survival and the genes/proteins contributing to it have been poorly understood. Previously, we identified an OWB-enriched protein W14/15, a member of a group of α/β hydrolase fold superfamily that is implicated in regulation of hormonal action in plants. The W14/15 gene has more than ten variant types in Gentiana species. However, roles of the W14/15 gene in OWB survival and functional difference among those variants have been unclear. In the present study, we examined whether the W14/15 gene variants are involved in the mechanism acting on overwinter survival, by crossing experiments using cultivars carrying different W14/15 variant alleles and virus-induced gene silencing experiments. We found that particular types of the W14/15 variants (W15a types) contributed toward obtaining high ability of overwinter survival, while other types (W14b types) did not, or even interfered with the former type gene. This study demonstrates two findings; first, contribution of esterase genes to winter hardiness, and second, paired set or paired partner among the allelic variants determines the ability of overwinter survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hikage
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Hachimantai City Floricultural Research and Development Center, Hachimantai, Iwate, 028-7592, Japan
| | - Noriko Yamagishi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yui Takahashi
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yasushi Saitoh
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Yoshikawa
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tsutsumi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
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11
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Liu Y, Müller K, El-Kassaby YA, Kermode AR. Changes in hormone flux and signaling in white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds during the transition from dormancy to germination in response to temperature cues. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:292. [PMID: 26680643 PMCID: PMC4683703 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seeds use environmental cues such as temperature to coordinate the timing of their germination, allowing plants to synchronize their life history with the seasons. Winter chilling is of central importance to alleviate seed dormancy, but very little is known of how chilling responses are regulated in conifer seeds. White spruce (Picea glauca) is an important conifer species of boreal forests in the North American taiga. The recent sequencing and assembly of the white spruce genome allows for comparative gene expression studies toward elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing dormancy alleviation by moist chilling. Here we focused on hormone metabolite profiling and analyses of genes encoding components of hormone signal transduction pathways, to elucidate changes during dormancy alleviation and to help address how germination cues such as temperature and light trigger radicle emergence. RESULTS ABA, GA, and auxin underwent considerable changes as seeds underwent moist chilling and during subsequent germination; likewise, transcripts encoding hormone-signaling components (e.g. ABI3, ARF4 and Aux/IAA) were differentially regulated during these critical stages. During moist chilling, active IAA was maintained at constant levels, but IAA conjugates (IAA-Asp and IAA-Glu) were substantially accumulated. ABA concentrations decreased during germination of previously moist-chilled seeds, while the precursor of bioactive GA1 (GA53) accumulated. We contend that seed dormancy and germination may be partly mediated through the changing hormone concentrations and a modulation of interactions between central auxin-signaling pathway components (TIR1/AFB, Aux/IAA and ARF4). In response to germination cues, namely exposure to light and to increased temperature: the transfer of seeds from moist-chilling to 30 °C, significant changes in gene transcripts and protein expression occurred during the first six hours, substantiating a very swift reaction to germination-promoting conditions after seeds had received sufficient exposure to the chilling stimulus. CONCLUSIONS The dormancy to germination transition in white spruce seeds was correlated with changes in auxin conjugation, auxin signaling components, and potential interactions between auxin-ABA signaling cascades (e.g. the transcription factor ARF4 and ABI3). Auxin flux adds a new dimension to the ABA:GA balance mechanism that underlies both dormancy alleviation by chilling, and subsequent radicle emergence to complete germination by warm temperature and light stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Kerstin Müller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Allison R Kermode
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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12
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Lesur I, Le Provost G, Bento P, Da Silva C, Leplé JC, Murat F, Ueno S, Bartholomé J, Lalanne C, Ehrenmann F, Noirot C, Burban C, Léger V, Amselem J, Belser C, Quesneville H, Stierschneider M, Fluch S, Feldhahn L, Tarkka M, Herrmann S, Buscot F, Klopp C, Kremer A, Salse J, Aury JM, Plomion C. The oak gene expression atlas: insights into Fagaceae genome evolution and the discovery of genes regulated during bud dormancy release. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:112. [PMID: 25765701 PMCID: PMC4350297 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many northern-hemisphere forests are dominated by oaks. These species extend over diverse environmental conditions and are thus interesting models for studies of plant adaptation and speciation. The genomic toolbox is an important asset for exploring the functional variation associated with natural selection. RESULTS The assembly of previously available and newly developed long and short sequence reads for two sympatric oak species, Quercus robur and Quercus petraea, generated a comprehensive catalog of transcripts for oak. The functional annotation of 91 k contigs demonstrated the presence of a large proportion of plant genes in this unigene set. Comparisons with SwissProt accessions and five plant gene models revealed orthologous relationships, making it possible to decipher the evolution of the oak genome. In particular, it was possible to align 9.5 thousand oak coding sequences with the equivalent sequences on peach chromosomes. Finally, RNA-seq data shed new light on the gene networks underlying vegetative bud dormancy release, a key stage in development allowing plants to adapt their phenology to the environment. CONCLUSION In addition to providing a vast array of expressed genes, this study generated essential information about oak genome evolution and the regulation of genes associated with vegetative bud phenology, an important adaptive traits in trees. This resource contributes to the annotation of the oak genome sequence and will provide support for forward genetics approaches aiming to link genotypes with adaptive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Lesur
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- HelixVenture, F-33700, Mérignac, France.
| | - Grégoire Le Provost
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - Pascal Bento
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, GENOSCOPE, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France.
| | - Corinne Da Silva
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, GENOSCOPE, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France.
| | - Jean-Charles Leplé
- INRA, UR0588 Amélioration Génétique et Physiologie Forestières, F-45075, Orléans, France.
| | - Florent Murat
- INRA/UBP UMR 1095, Laboratoire Génétique, Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales, F-63039, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Department of Forest Genetics, Tree Genetics Laboratory, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan.
| | - Jerôme Bartholomé
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
| | - Céline Lalanne
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - François Ehrenmann
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - Céline Noirot
- Plateforme bioinformatique Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UBIA, INRA, F-31326, Auzeville Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Christian Burban
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - Valérie Léger
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - Joelle Amselem
- INRA, Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), F78026, Versailles, France.
| | - Caroline Belser
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, GENOSCOPE, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France.
| | - Hadi Quesneville
- INRA, Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), F78026, Versailles, France.
| | | | - Silvia Fluch
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Str 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, DE-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Mika Tarkka
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, DE-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle Jena Leipzig, DE-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle Jena Leipzig, DE-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, DE-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle Jena Leipzig, DE-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Christophe Klopp
- Plateforme bioinformatique Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UBIA, INRA, F-31326, Auzeville Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Antoine Kremer
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
| | - Jérôme Salse
- INRA/UBP UMR 1095, Laboratoire Génétique, Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales, F-63039, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Aury
- CEA-Institut de Génomique, GENOSCOPE, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France.
| | - Christophe Plomion
- INRA, UMR1202, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France.
- University Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33170, Talence, France.
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Tank JG, Pandya RV, Thaker VS. Phytohormones in regulation of the cell division and endoreduplication process in the plant cell cycle. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45367g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Guggisberg A, Lai Z, Huang J, Rieseberg LH. Transcriptome divergence between introduced and native populations of Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 199:595-608. [PMID: 23586922 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduced plants may quickly evolve new adaptive traits upon their introduction. Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense - Cardueae, Asteraceae) is one of the worst invasive weeds worldwide. The goal of this study is to compare gene expression profiles of native (European) and introduced (North American) populations of this species, to elucidate the genetic mechanisms that may underlie such rapid adaptation. We explored the transcriptome of ten populations (five per range) of C. arvense in response to three treatments (control, nutrient deficiency and shading) using a customized microarray chip containing 63 690 expressed sequence tags (ESTs), and verified the expression level of 13 loci through real-time quantitative PCR. Only 2116 ESTs (3.5%) were found to be differentially expressed between the ranges, and 4458 ESTs (7.1%) exhibited a significant treatment-by-range effect. Among them was an overrepresentation of loci involved in stimulus and stress responses. Cirsium arvense has evolved different life history strategies on each continent. The two ranges notably differ with regard to R-protein mediated defence, sensitivity to abiotic stresses, and developmental timing. The fact that genotypes from the Midwest exhibit different expression kinetics than remaining North American samples further corroborates the hypothesis that the New World has been colonized twice, independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Guggisberg
- Botany Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhao Lai
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Loren H Rieseberg
- Botany Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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15
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Ueno S, Klopp C, Leplé JC, Derory J, Noirot C, Léger V, Prince E, Kremer A, Plomion C, Le Provost G. Transcriptional profiling of bud dormancy induction and release in oak by next-generation sequencing. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:236. [PMID: 23575249 PMCID: PMC3639946 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In temperate regions, the time lag between vegetative bud burst and bud set determines the duration of the growing season of trees (i.e. the duration of wood biomass production). Dormancy, the period during which the plant is not growing, allows trees to avoid cold injury resulting from exposure to low temperatures. An understanding of the molecular machinery controlling the shift between these two phenological states is of key importance in the context of climatic change. The objective of this study was to identify genes upregulated during endo- and ecodormancy, the two main stages of bud dormancy. Sessile oak is a widely distributed European white oak species. A forcing test on young trees was first carried out to identify the period most likely to correspond to these two stages. Total RNA was then extracted from apical buds displaying endo- and ecodormancy. This RNA was used for the generation of cDNA libraries, and in-depth transcriptome characterization was performed with 454 FLX pyrosequencing technology. Results Pyrosequencing produced a total of 495,915 reads. The data were cleaned, duplicated reads removed, and sequences were mapped onto the oak UniGene data. Digital gene expression analysis was performed, with both R statistics and the R-Bioconductor packages (edgeR and DESeq), on 6,471 contigs with read numbers ≥ 5 within any contigs. The number of sequences displaying significant differences in expression level (read abundance) between endo- and ecodormancy conditions ranged from 75 to 161, depending on the algorithm used. 13 genes displaying significant differences between conditions were selected for further analysis, and 11 of these genes, including those for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and dehydrin xero2 (XERO2) were validated by quantitative PCR. Conclusions The identification and functional annotation of differentially expressed genes involved in the “response to abscisic acid”, “response to cold stress” and “response to oxidative stress” categories constitutes a major step towards characterization of the molecular network underlying vegetative bud dormancy, an important life history trait of long-lived organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saneyoshi Ueno
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Department of Forest Genetics, Tree Genetics Laboratory, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan
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