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Wang H. Endogenous and environmental signals in regulating vascular development and secondary growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1369241. [PMID: 38628366 PMCID: PMC11018896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1369241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhong Wang
- Department of Plant Science & Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Bai Y, Tian D, Chen P, Wu D, Du K, Zheng B, Shi X. A Pectate Lyase Gene Plays a Critical Role in Xylem Vascular Development in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10883. [PMID: 37446058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major component of the plant primary cell wall, structure changes in pectin may affect the formation of the secondary cell wall and lead to serious consequences on plant growth and development. Pectin-modifying enzymes including pectate lyase-like proteins (PLLs) participate in the remodeling of pectin during organogenesis, especially during fruit ripening. In this study, we used Arabidopsis as a model system to identify critical PLL genes that are of particular importance for vascular development. Four PLL genes, named AtPLL15, AtPLL16, AtPLL19, and AtPLL26, were identified for xylem-specific expression. A knock-out T-DNA mutant of AtPLL16 displayed an increased amount of pectin, soluble sugar, and acid-soluble lignin (ASL). Interestingly, the atpll16 mutant exhibited an irregular xylem phenotype, accompanied by disordered xylem ray cells and an absence of interfascicular phloem fibers. The xylem fiber cell walls in the atpll16 mutant were thicker than those of the wild type. On the contrary, AtPLL16 overexpression resulted in expansion of the phloem and a dramatic change in the xylem-to-phloem ratios. Altogether, our data suggest that AtPLL16 as a pectate lyase plays an important role during vascular development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bai
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dongdong Tian
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kebing Du
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Poplar Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Poplar Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xueping Shi
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Poplar Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zogopoulos VL, Saxami G, Malatras A, Angelopoulou A, Jen CH, Duddy WJ, Daras G, Hatzopoulos P, Westhead DR, Michalopoulos I. Arabidopsis Coexpression Tool: a tool for gene coexpression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana. iScience 2021; 24:102848. [PMID: 34381973 PMCID: PMC8334378 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene coexpression analysis refers to the discovery of sets of genes which exhibit similar expression patterns across multiple transcriptomic data sets, such as microarray experiment data of public repositories. Arabidopsis Coexpression Tool (ACT), a gene coexpression analysis web tool for Arabidopsis thaliana, identifies genes which are correlated to a driver gene. Primary microarray data from ATH1 Affymetrix platform were processed with Single-Channel Array Normalization algorithm and combined to produce a coexpression tree which contains ∼21,000 A. thaliana genes. ACT was developed to present subclades of coexpressed genes, as well as to perform gene set enrichment analysis, being unique in revealing enriched transcription factors targeting coexpressed genes. ACT offers a simple and user-friendly interface producing working hypotheses which can be experimentally verified for the discovery of gene partnership, pathway membership, and transcriptional regulation. ACT analyses have been successful in identifying not only genes with coordinated ubiquitous expressions but also genes with tissue-specific expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios L. Zogopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Georgia Saxami
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Apostolos Malatras
- Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
| | - Antonia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Chih-Hung Jen
- Cold Spring Biotech Corp, Da Hu Science Park, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - William J. Duddy
- Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Ulster University, Londonderry BT52 1SJ, UK
| | - Gerasimos Daras
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece
| | | | - David R. Westhead
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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Agustí J, Blázquez MA. Plant vascular development: mechanisms and environmental regulation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3711-3728. [PMID: 32193607 PMCID: PMC11105054 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plant vascular development is a complex process culminating in the generation of xylem and phloem, the plant transporting conduits. Xylem and phloem arise from specialized stem cells collectively termed (pro)cambium. Once developed, xylem transports mainly water and mineral nutrients and phloem transports photoassimilates and signaling molecules. In the past few years, major advances have been made to characterize the molecular, genetic and physiological aspects that govern vascular development. However, less is known about how the environment re-shapes the process, which molecular mechanisms link environmental inputs with developmental outputs, which gene regulatory networks facilitate the genetic adaptation of vascular development to environmental niches, or how the first vascular cells appeared as an evolutionary innovation. In this review, we (1) summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms involved in vascular development, focusing on the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, (2) describe the anatomical effect of specific environmental factors on the process, (3) speculate about the main entry points through which the molecular mechanisms controlling of the process might be altered by specific environmental factors, and (4) discuss future research which could identify the genetic factors underlying phenotypic plasticity of vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Agustí
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Blázquez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Santana Silva RJ, Alves RM, Peres Gramacho K, Marcellino LH, Micheli F. Involvement of structurally distinct cupuassu chitinases and osmotin in plant resistance to the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:142-151. [PMID: 31958681 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) is a crop of great economic importance to Brazil, mainly for its pulp and seeds, which are used in food industry. However, cupuassu fruit production is threatened by witches' broom disease caused by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. As elements of its defense mechanisms, the plant can produce and accumulate pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins such as chitinases and osmotins. Here, we identified three cupuassu PR proteins (TgPR3, TgPR5 and TgPR8) from cupuassu-M. perniciosa interaction RNA-seq data. TgPR3 and TgPR8 corresponded to chitinases, and TgPR5 to osmotin; they are phylogenetically related to cacao and to Arabidopsis PR sequences involved in biotic and abiotic stress. The TgPR proteins' tridimensional structure was obtained through homology modeling, and molecular docking with chitin and chitosan showed that the TgPR proteins can interact with both cell wall molecules and presented a higher affinity for chitosan. TgPR gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR on resistant and susceptible cupuassu genotypes infected by M. perniciosa at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after infection (hai). The TgPR genes showed higher expression in resistant plants compared to the susceptible ones, mainly for TgPR5 at 8 and 24 hai, while the expression was lower in the susceptible cupuassu plants. To our knowledge, this is the first in silico and in vitro reports of cupuassu PR protein. The data suggested that TgPRs could be involved in recognizing mechanisms of the plant's innate immune system through chitin receptors. Our results also suggest a putative role of chitinase/chitosanase for the TgPR5/osmotin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raner José Santana Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Rafael Moyses Alves
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 66095-903, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lucilia Helena Marcellino
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Micheli
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
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Glass M, Barkwill S, Unda F, Mansfield SD. Endo-β-1,4-glucanases impact plant cell wall development by influencing cellulose crystallization. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 57:396-410. [PMID: 25756224 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell walls are vital to the normal growth and development of plants as they protect the protoplast and provide rigidity to the stem. Here, two poplar and Arabidopsis orthologous endoglucanases, which have been proposed to play a role in secondary cell wall development, were examined. The class B endoglucanases, PtGH9B5 and AtGH9B5, are secreted enzymes that have a predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, while the class C endoglucanases, PtGH9C2 and AtGH9C2, are also predicted to be secreted but instead contain a carbohydrate-binding module. The poplar endoglucanases were expressed in Arabidopsis using both a 35S promoter and the Arabidopsis secondary cell wall-specific CesA8 promoter. Additionally, Arabidopsis t-DNA insertion lines and an RNAi construct was created to downregulate AtGH9C2 in Arabidopsis. All of the plant lines were examined for changes in cell morphology and patterning, growth and development, cell wall crystallinity, microfibril angle, and proportion of cell wall carbohydrates. Misregulation of PtGH9B5/AtGH9B5 resulted in changes in xylose content, while misregulation of PtGH9C2/AtGH9C2 resulted in changes in crystallinity, which was inversely correlated with changes in plant height and rosette diameter. Together, these results suggest that these endoglucanases affect secondary cell wall development by contributing to the cell wall crystallization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Glass
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Kim DW, Watanabe K, Murayama C, Izawa S, Niitsu M, Michael AJ, Berberich T, Kusano T. Polyamine Oxidase5 Regulates Arabidopsis Growth through Thermospermine Oxidase Activity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:1575-1590. [PMID: 24906355 PMCID: PMC4119040 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.242610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The major plant polyamines (PAs) are the tetraamines spermine (Spm) and thermospermine (T-Spm), the triamine spermidine, and the diamine putrescine. PA homeostasis is governed by the balance between biosynthesis and catabolism; the latter is catalyzed by polyamine oxidase (PAO). Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has five PAO genes, AtPAO1 to AtPAO5, and all encoded proteins have been biochemically characterized. All AtPAO enzymes function in the back-conversion of tetraamine to triamine and/or triamine to diamine, albeit with different PA specificities. Here, we demonstrate that AtPAO5 loss-of-function mutants (pao5) contain 2-fold higher T-Spm levels and exhibit delayed transition from vegetative to reproductive growth compared with that of wild-type plants. Although the wild type and pao5 are indistinguishable at the early seedling stage, externally supplied low-dose T-Spm, but not other PAs, inhibits aerial growth of pao5 mutants in a dose-dependent manner. Introduction of wild-type AtPAO5 into pao5 mutants rescues growth and reduces the T-Spm content, demonstrating that AtPAO5 is a T-Spm oxidase. Recombinant AtPAO5 catalyzes the conversion of T-Spm and Spm to triamine spermidine in vitro. AtPAO5 specificity for T-Spm in planta may be explained by coexpression with T-Spm synthase but not with Spm synthase. The pao5 mutant lacking T-Spm oxidation and the acl5 mutant lacking T-Spm synthesis both exhibit growth defects. This study indicates a crucial role for T-Spm in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Kim
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Kanako Watanabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Chihiro Murayama
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Sho Izawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Masaru Niitsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Anthony J Michael
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Thomas Berberich
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Tomonobu Kusano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan (D.W.K., K.W., C.M., S.I., T.K.);Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290, Japan (M.N.);University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041 (A.J.M.); andBiodiversity and Climate Research Center, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (T.B.)
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Tixier A, Cochard H, Badel E, Dusotoit-Coucaud A, Jansen S, Herbette S. Arabidopsis thaliana as a model species for xylem hydraulics: does size matter? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:2295-305. [PMID: 23547109 PMCID: PMC3654419 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
While Arabidopsis thaliana has been proposed as a model species for wood development, the potential of this tiny herb for studying xylem hydraulics remains unexplored and anticipated by scepticism. Inflorescence stems of A. thaliana were used to measure hydraulic conductivity and cavitation resistance, whereas light and electron microscopy allowed observations of vessels. In wild-type plants, measured and theoretical conductivity showed a significant correlation (R (2) = 0.80, P < 0.01). Moreover, scaling of vessel dimensions and intervessel pit structure of A. thaliana were consistent with structure-function relationships of woody plants. The reliability and resolution of the hydraulic methods applied to measure vulnerability to cavitation were addressed by comparing plants grown under different photoperiods or different mutant lines. Sigmoid vulnerability curves of A. thaliana indicated a pressure corresponding to 50% loss of hydraulic conductance (P 50) between -3 and -2.5MPa for short-day and long-day plants, respectively. Polygalacturonase mutants showed a higher P 50 value (-2.25MPa), suggesting a role for pectins in vulnerability to cavitation. The application of A. thaliana as a model species for xylem hydraulics provides exciting possibilities for (1) exploring the molecular basis of xylem anatomical features and (2) understanding genetic mechanisms behind xylem functional traits such as cavitation resistance. Compared to perennial woody species, however, the lesser amount of xylem in A. thaliana has its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Tixier
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63177, Aubière, France
- Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D–89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hervé Cochard
- INRA, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eric Badel
- INRA, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Steven Jansen
- Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D–89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stéphane Herbette
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63177, Aubière, France
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Hall H, Ellis B. Transcriptional programming during cell wall maturation in the expanding Arabidopsis stem. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:14. [PMID: 23350960 PMCID: PMC3635874 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant cell walls are complex dynamic structures that play a vital role in coordinating the directional growth of plant tissues. The rapid elongation of the inflorescence stem in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is accompanied by radical changes in cell wall structure and chemistry, but analysis of the underlying mechanisms and identification of the genes that are involved has been hampered by difficulties in accurately sampling discrete developmental states along the developing stem. RESULTS By creating stem growth kinematic profiles for individual expanding Arabidopsis stems we have been able to harvest and pool developmentally-matched tissue samples, and to use these for comparative analysis of global transcript profiles at four distinct phases of stem growth: the period of elongation rate increase, the point of maximum growth rate, the point of stem growth cessation and the fully matured stem. The resulting profiles identify numerous genes whose expression is affected as the stem tissues pass through these defined growth transitions, including both novel loci and genes identified in earlier studies. Of particular note is the preponderance of highly active genes associated with secondary cell wall deposition in the region of stem growth cessation, and of genes associated with defence and stress responses in the fully mature stem. CONCLUSIONS The use of growth kinematic profiling to create tissue samples that are accurately positioned along the expansion growth continuum of Arabidopsis inflorescence stems establishes a new standard for transcript profiling analyses of such tissues. The resulting expression profiles identify a substantial number of genes whose expression is correlated for the first time with rapid cell wall extension and subsequent fortification, and thus provide an important new resource for plant biologists interested in gene discovery related to plant biomass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Hall
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Currently: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Brian Ellis
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Chavigneau H, Goué N, Delaunay S, Courtial A, Jouanin L, Reymond M, Méchin V, Barrière Y. QTL for floral stem lignin content and degradability in three recombinant inbred line (RIL) progenies of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and search for candidate genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and degradability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ojgen.2012.21002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Berthet S, Demont-Caulet N, Pollet B, Bidzinski P, Cézard L, Le Bris P, Borrega N, Hervé J, Blondet E, Balzergue S, Lapierre C, Jouanin L. Disruption of LACCASE4 and 17 results in tissue-specific alterations to lignification of Arabidopsis thaliana stems. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:1124-37. [PMID: 21447792 PMCID: PMC3082258 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.082792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidases have been shown to be involved in the polymerization of lignin precursors, but it remains unclear whether laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) participate in constitutive lignification. We addressed this issue by studying laccase T-DNA insertion mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified two genes, LAC4 and LAC17, which are strongly expressed in stems. LAC17 was mainly expressed in the interfascicular fibers, whereas LAC4 was expressed in vascular bundles and interfascicular fibers. We produced two double mutants by crossing the LAC17 (lac17) mutant with two LAC4 mutants (lac4-1 and lac4-2). The single and double mutants grew normally in greenhouse conditions. The single mutants had moderately low lignin levels, whereas the stems of lac4-1 lac17 and lac4-2 lac17 mutants had lignin contents that were 20 and 40% lower than those of the control, respectively. These lower lignin levels resulted in higher saccharification yields. Thioacidolysis revealed that disrupting LAC17 principally affected the deposition of G lignin units in the interfascicular fibers and that complementation of lac17 with LAC17 restored a normal lignin profile. This study provides evidence that both LAC4 and LAC17 contribute to the constitutive lignification of Arabidopsis stems and that LAC17 is involved in the deposition of G lignin units in fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Berthet
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Nathalie Demont-Caulet
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Brigitte Pollet
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Przemyslaw Bidzinski
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Laurent Cézard
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Phillipe Le Bris
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Nero Borrega
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Jonathan Hervé
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Eddy Blondet
- Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1165, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Centre National de Recherche Scientifique 8114/Université d’Evry Val d’Essonne, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Sandrine Balzergue
- Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1165, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Centre National de Recherche Scientifique 8114/Université d’Evry Val d’Essonne, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Catherine Lapierre
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
- Address correspondence to
| | - Lise Jouanin
- Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-AgroParisTech, 78026 Versailles, France
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