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Rabel K, Nath AJ, Nold J, Spies BC, Wesemann C, Altmann B, Adolfsson E, Witkowski S, Tomakidi P, Steinberg T. Analysis of soft tissue integration-supportive cell functions in gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D printed biomaterials for oral implant-supported prostheses. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1376-1387. [PMID: 38251807 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
To date, it is unknown whether 3D printed fixed oral implant-supported prostheses can achieve comparable soft tissue integration (STI) to clinically established subtractively manufactured counterparts. STI is mediated among others by gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and is modulated by biomaterial surface characteristics. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to investigate the GF response of a 3D printed methacrylate photopolymer and a hybrid ceramic-filled methacrylate photopolymer for fixed implant-supported prostheses in the sense of supporting an STI. Subtractively manufactured samples made from methacrylate polymer and hybrid ceramic were evaluated for comparison and samples from yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP), comprising well documented biocompatibility, served as control. Surface topography was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and interferometry, elemental composition by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and wettability by contact angle measurement. The response of GFs obtained from five donors was examined in terms of membrane integrity, adhesion, morphogenesis, metabolic activity, and proliferation behavior by a lactate-dehydrogenase assay, fluorescent staining, a resazurin-based assay, and DNA quantification. The results revealed all surfaces were smooth and hydrophilic. GF adhesion, metabolic activity and proliferation were impaired by 3D printed biomaterials compared to subtractively manufactured comparison surfaces and the 3Y-TZP control, whereas membrane integrity was comparable. Within the limits of the present investigation, it was concluded that subtractively manufactured surfaces are superior compared to 3D printed surfaces to support STI. For the development of biologically optimized 3D printable biomaterials, consecutive studies will focus on the improvement of cytocompatibility and the synthesis of STI-relevant extracellular matrix constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Rabel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amélie Joséphine Nath
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Nold
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt C Spies
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wesemann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Altmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- G.E.R.N Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erik Adolfsson
- Division Materials and Production-RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Siegbert Witkowski
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Kim SY, Bae HJ, Lee HH, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Choi YS, Lee JH, Shin SY. The Effects of Thermocycling on the Physical Properties and Biocompatibilities of Various CAD/CAM Restorative Materials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2122. [PMID: 37631336 PMCID: PMC10459511 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in physical properties and biocompatibilities caused by thermocycling of CAD/CAM restorative materials (lithium disilicate, zirconia reinforced lithium silicate, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, resin nanoceramic, highly translucent zirconia). A total of 225 specimens were prepared (12.0 × 10.0 × 1.5 mm) and divided into three groups subjected to water storage at 37 °C for 24 h (control group), 10,000 cycles in distilled water at 5-55 °C (first aged group), and 22,000 cycles in distilled water at 5-55 °C (second aged group) [(n= 15, each]). The nanoindentation hardness and Young's modulus (nanoindenter), surface roughness (atomic force microscopy (AFM)), surface texture (scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)), elemental concentration (energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)) and contact angle were evaluated. The morphology, proliferation and adhesion of cultured human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were analyzed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The results showed that the nanoindentation hardness and Young's modulus were decreased after thermocycling aging. Cell viability and proliferation of the material decreased with aging except for the highly translucent zirconia. Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate exhibited significantly lower cell viability compared to other materials. The surface roughnesses of all groups increased with aging. Cell viability and Cell adhesion were influenced by various factors, including the surface chemical composition, hydrophilicity, surface roughness, and topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Young Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Han-Jin Bae
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.B.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.B.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu-Sung Choi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.)
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.B.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Shin
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.)
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Gąsior G, Grodzicka M, Jędrzejewski T, Wiśniewski M, Radtke A. Comparative Study of Porous Iron Foams for Biodegradable Implants: Structural Analysis and In Vitro Assessment. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:293. [PMID: 37367257 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable metal systems are the future of modern implantology. This publication describes the preparation of porous iron-based materials using a simple, affordable replica method on a polymeric template. We obtained two iron-based materials with different pore sizes for potential application in cardiac surgery implants. The materials were compared in terms of their corrosion rate (using immersion and electrochemical methods) and their cytotoxic activity (indirect test on three cell lines: mouse L929 fibroblasts, human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAMSC), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)). Our research proved that the material being too porous might have a toxic effect on cell lines due to rapid corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Gąsior
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina Street 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marlena Grodzicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina Street 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska Street 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marek Wiśniewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina Street 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina Street 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Śmigiel J, Piszczek P, Wrzeszcz G, Jędrzejewski T, Golińska P, Radtke A. The Composites of PCL and Tetranuclear Titanium(IV)-Oxo Complex with Acetylsalicylate Ligands-Assessment of Their Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity with the Correlation to EPR Spectroscopy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:297. [PMID: 36614635 PMCID: PMC9822129 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In our research, we have focused on the biological studies on composite materials produced by the dispersion of titanium(IV)-oxo complex (TOC) with acetylsalicylate ligands in a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix, which is a biodegradable thermoplastic polymer increasingly used in the production of medical devices. Using PCL as a matrix for the biologically active compounds, such as antimicrobial agents, antibiotics or other active medical substances, from which these individuals can be gradually released is fully understable. Composites of PCL + nTOC (n = 10, 15 and 20 wt.%) have been produced and, in such a form, the biological properties of TOCs have been estimated. Direct and indirect cytotoxicity studies have been performed in vitro on L929 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cell lines. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the PCL + TOC samples have been assessed against two Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538 and ATCC 25923) reference strains, two Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739 and ATCC 25922) reference strains and yeast of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Obtained results have been correlated with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy data. We could conclude that photoexcitation by visible light of the surface of PCL + nTOC composite foils lead to the formation of different paramagnetic species, mainly O-, which slowly disappears over time; however, their destructive effect on bacteria and cells has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Śmigiel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wrzeszcz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Patrycja Golińska
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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5
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Genova T, Chinigò G, Munaron L, Rivolo P, Luganini A, Gribaudo G, Cavagnetto D, Mandracci P, Mussano F. Bacterial and Cellular Response to Yellow-Shaded Surface Modifications for Dental Implant Abutments. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111718. [PMID: 36421732 PMCID: PMC9687512 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants have dramatically changed the rehabilitation procedures in dental prostheses but are hindered by the possible onset of peri-implantitis. This paper aims to assess whether an anodization process applied to clinically used surfaces could enhance the adhesion of fibroblasts and reduce bacterial adhesion using as a reference the untreated machined surface. To this purpose, four different surfaces were prepared: (i) machined (MAC), (ii) machined and anodized (Y-MAC), (iii) anodized after sand-blasting and acid etching treatment (Y-SL), and (iv) anodized after double acid etching (Y-DM). All specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Moreover, the mean contact angle in both water and diiodomethane as well as surface free energy calculation was assessed. To evaluate changes in terms of biological responses, we investigated the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), fetal bovine serum (FBS) adsorption, and the early response of fibroblasts in terms of cell adhesion and viability. We found that the anodization reduced bacterial adhesion, while roughened surfaces outperformed the machined ones for protein adsorption, fibroblast adhesion, and viability independently of the treatment. It can be concluded that surface modification techniques such as anodization are valuable options to enhance the performance of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chinigò
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Rivolo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Materials and Microsoystems Laboratory (ChiLab), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Luganini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gribaudo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Cavagnetto
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Pietro Mandracci
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Materials and Microsoystems Laboratory (ChiLab), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Mussano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Osman MA, Alamoush RA, Kushnerev E, Seymour KG, Watts DC, Yates JM. Biological response of epithelial and connective tissue cells to titanium surfaces with different ranges of roughness: An in-vitro study. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1777-1788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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A Review on CAD/CAM Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP) and Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and Their Biological Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050906. [PMID: 35267729 PMCID: PMC8912793 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) are used very often in dentistry. Y-TZP is the most widely used zirconia dental ceramic, and PMMA has classically been used in removable prosthesis manufacturing. Both types of materials are commercialized in CAD/CAM system blocks and represent alternatives for long-lasting temporary (PMMA) or definitive (Y-TZP) implantological abutments. The aim of the present work is to reveal that human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) have a favorable response when they are in contact with Y-TZP or PMMA as a dental implant abutment or implant-supported fixed prosthesis, and also to review their principal characteristics. We conducted an electronic search in the PubMed database. From an initial search of more than 32,000 articles, the application of filters reduced this number to 5104. After reading the abstracts and titles, we reduced the eligible articles to 23. Ultimately, we have included eight articles in this review.
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Sakulpaptong W, Clairmonte IA, Blackstone BN, Leblebicioglu B, Powell HM. 3D engineered human gingiva fabricated with electrospun collagen scaffolds provides a platform for in vitro analysis of gingival seal to abutment materials. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263083. [PMID: 35113915 PMCID: PMC8812907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to advance models of human oral mucosa towards routine use, these models must faithfully mimic the native tissue structure while also being scalable and cost efficient. The goal of this study was to develop a low-cost, keratinized human gingival model with high fidelity to human attached gingiva and demonstrate its utility for studying the implant-tissue interface. Primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and keratinocytes (HGK) were isolated from clinically healthy gingival biopsies. Four matrices, electrospun collagen (ES), decellularized dermis (DD), type I collagen gels (Gel) and released type I collagen gels (Gel-R)) were tested to engineer lamina propria and gingiva. HGF viability was similar in all matrices except for Gel-R, which was significantly decreased. Cell penetration was largely limited to the top layers of all matrices. Histomorphometrically, engineered human gingiva was found to have similar appearance to the native normal human gingiva except absence of rete pegs. Immunohistochemical staining for cell phenotype, differentiation and extracellular matrix composition and organization within 3D engineered gingiva made with electrospun collagen was mostly in agreement with normal gingival tissue staining. Additionally, five types of dental material posts (5-mm diameter x 3-mm height) with different surface characteristics were used [machined titanium, SLA (sandblasted-acid etched) titanium, TiN-coated (titanium nitride-coated) titanium, ceramic, and PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) to investigate peri-implant soft tissue attachment studied by histology and SEM. Engineered epithelial and stromal tissue migration to the implant-gingival tissue interface was observed in machined, SLA, ceramic, and PEEK groups, while TiN was lacking attachment. Taken together, the results suggest that electrospun collagen scaffolds provide a scalable, reproducible and cost-effective lamina propria and 3D engineered gingiva that can be used to explore biomaterial-soft tissue interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wichurat Sakulpaptong
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Isabelle A. Clairmonte
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Britani N. Blackstone
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Binnaz Leblebicioglu
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Heather M. Powell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Research Department, Shriners Children’s Ohio, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides modified titanium enhanced the adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts through regulation of local pH level. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112485. [PMID: 34857271 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The durability of dental implants is closely related to osseointegration and surrounding soft tissue sealing. Appropriate local pH favors fibroblasts adhesion and contributes to soft tissue sealing. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are characterized by adjustable alkalinity, offering a possibility to investigate the influence of pH on cellular behaviors. Herein, we fabricated MgFe LDHs modified titanium. During calcination, the local pH value of LDHs increase, without altering other physics and chemical properties via OH- exchange mechanism. In vitro studies showed that LDHs films calcined at 250 °C for 2 h provide a local pH of 10.17, which promote early adhesion, proliferation, and type I collagen expression of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) through the formation of focal adhesion complex and activation of focal adhesion kinase related signaling pathways. In conclusion, endowing the titanium surface with appropriate alkalinity by MgFe LDHs films enhances the adhesion of hGFs, providing a new strategy of designing multifunctional biomaterials for soft tissue sealing around dental implants.
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Assessment of the Soft-Tissue Seal at the Interface between the Base of the Fixed Denture Pontic and the Oral Mucosa. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143997. [PMID: 34300915 PMCID: PMC8306894 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fixed dentures (bridges) are often selected as a treatment option for a defective prosthesis. In this study, we assess the contact condition between the base of the pontic and oral mucosa, and examine the effect of prosthetic preparation and material biocompatibility. The molars were removed and replaced with experimental implants with a free-end type bridge superstructure after one week. In Experiment 1, we assessed different types of prosthetic pre-treatment: (1) the untreated control group (Con: mucosa recovering from the tooth extraction); (2) the laser irradiation group (Las: mucosa recovering after the damage caused by a CO2 laser); and (3) the tooth extraction group (Ext: mucosa recovering immediately after the teeth extraction). In Experiment 2, five materials (titanium, zirconia, porcelain, gold-platinum alloy, and self-curing resin) were placed at the base of the bridge pontic. Four weeks after the placement of the bridge, the mucosa adjacent to the pontic base was histologically analyzed. In Experiment 1, the Con and Las groups exhibited no formation of an epithelial sealing structure on the pontic base. In the Ext group, adherent epithelium was observed. In Experiment 2, the sealing properties at the pontic interface were superior for titanium and the zirconia compared with those made of porcelain or gold-platinum alloy. In the resin group, a clear delay in epithelial healing was observed.
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Körtvélyessy G, Tarjányi T, Baráth ZL, Minarovits J, Tóth Z. Bioactive coatings for dental implants: A review of alternative strategies to prevent peri-implantitis induced by anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobe 2021; 70:102404. [PMID: 34146701 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Members of oral bacterial communities form biofilms not only on tooth surfaces but also on the surface of dental implants that replace natural teeth. Prolonged interaction of host cells with biofilm-forming anaerobes frequently elicits peri-implantitis, a destructive inflammatory disease accompanied by alveolar bone loss leading to implant failure. Here we wish to overview how the deposition of bioactive peptides to dental implant surfaces could potentially inhibit bacterial colonization and the development of peri-implantisis. One preventive strategy is based on natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) immobilized on titanium surfaces. AMPs are capable to destroy both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria directly. An alternative strategy aims at coating implant surfaces - especially the transmucosal part - with peptides facilitating the attachment of gingival epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. These cells produce AMPs and may form a soft tissue seal that prevents oral bacteria from accessing the apical part of the osseointegrated implant. Because a wide variety of titanium-bound peptides were studied in vitro, we wish to concentrate on bioactive peptides of human origin and some of their derivatives. Furthermore, special attention will be given to peptides effective under in vivo test conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Győző Körtvélyessy
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tarjányi
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Zoltán L Baráth
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Janos Minarovits
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tóth
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary; Department of Experimental Physics, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, 6720, Szeged, Dóm Tér 9, Hungary.
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Furuhashi A, Ayukawa Y, Atsuta I, Rakhmatia YD, Koyano K. Soft Tissue Interface with Various Kinds of Implant Abutment Materials. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112386. [PMID: 34071480 PMCID: PMC8199343 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various materials, such as titanium, zirconia and platinum-gold (Pt-Au) alloy, have been utilized for dental implant trans-mucosal parts. However, biological understanding of soft tissue reaction toward these materials is limited. The aim of this study was to compare the response of cell lines and soft tissue to titanium, zirconia and Pt-Au substrata. The surface hydroxyl groups and protein adsorption capacities of the substrata were measured. Next, gingival epithelial-like cells (Sa3) and fibroblastic cells (NIH3T3) were cultured on the materials, and initial cell attachment was measured. Immuno-fluorescent staining of cell adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal proteins was also performed. In the rat model, experimental implants constructed from various materials were inserted into the maxillary tooth extraction socket and the soft tissue was examined histologically and immunohistochemically. No significant differences among the materials were observed regarding the amount of surface hydroxyl groups and protein adsorption capacity. Significantly fewer cells of Sa3 and NIH3T3 adhered to the Pt-Au alloy compared to the other materials. The expression of cell adhesion molecules and a well-developed cytoskeleton was observed, both Sa3 and NIH3T3 on each material. In an animal model, soft tissue with supracrestal tissue attachment was observed around each material. Laminin-5 immuno-reactivity was seen in epithelia on both titanium and zirconia, but only in the bottom of epithelia on Pt-Au alloy. In conclusion, both titanium and zirconia, but not Pt-Au alloy, displayed excellent cell adhesion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.A.); (Y.D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-6441
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.A.); (Y.D.R.)
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (I.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.A.); (Y.D.R.)
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (I.A.); (K.K.)
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Dias-Netipanyj MF, Sopchenski L, Gradowski T, Elifio-Esposito S, Popat KC, Soares P. Crystallinity of TiO 2 nanotubes and its effects on fibroblast viability, adhesion, and proliferation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:94. [PMID: 33128627 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used as a biomaterial due to their mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, low elastic modulus, and excellent biocompatibility. TiO2 nanotubes have excellent bioactivity, stimulating the adhesion, proliferation of fibroblasts and adipose-derived stem cells, production of alkaline phosphatase by osteoblasts, platelets activation, growth of neural cells and adhesion, spreading, growth, and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we investigated the functionality of fibroblast on titania nanotube layers annealed at different temperatures. The titania nanotube layer was fabricated by potentiostatic anodization of titanium, then annealed at 300, 530, and 630 °C for 5 h. The resulting nanotube layer was characterized using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), TF-XRD (Thin-film X-ray diffraction), and contact angle goniometry. Fibroblasts viability was determined by the CellTiter-Blue method and cytotoxicity by Lactate Dehydrogenase test, and the cell morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Also, cell adherence, proliferation, and morphology were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. The results indicate that the modification in nanotube crystallinity may provide a favorable surface fibroblast growth, especially on substrates annealed at 530 and 630 °C, indicating that these properties provide a favorable template for biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Ferreira Dias-Netipanyj
- Graduate Program in Health Science, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Luciane Sopchenski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thatyanne Gradowski
- Graduate Program in Health Science, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Selene Elifio-Esposito
- Graduate Program in Health Science, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ketul C Popat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Paulo Soares
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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14
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The Effect of Different Cleaning Protocols of Polymer-Based Prosthetic Materials on the Behavior of Human Gingival Fibroblasts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217753. [PMID: 33114133 PMCID: PMC7660342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental implant abutment and prosthetic materials, their surface treatment, and cleaning modalities are important factors for the formation of a peri-implant soft tissue seal and long-term stability of bone around the implant. This study aimed to investigate the influence of a polymeric material surface cleaning method on the surface roughness, water contact angle, and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) proliferation. Polymeric materials tested: two types of milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-Ker and PMMA-Bre), three-dimensionally (3D) printed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-3D), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). Titanium (Ti) and zirconia oxide ceramics (ZrO-HT) were used as positive controls. A conventional surface cleaning protocol (CCP) was compared to a multi-step research cleaning method (RCP). Application of the RCP method allowed to reduce Sa values in all groups from 0.14-0.28 µm to 0.08-0.17 µm (p < 0.05 in PMMA-Ker and PEEK groups). Moreover, the water contact angle increased in all groups from 74-91° to 83-101° (p < 0.05 in the PEKK group), except ZrO-HT-it was reduced from 98.7 ± 4.5° to 69.9 ± 6.4° (p < 0.05). CCP resulted in higher variability of HGF viability after 48 and 72 h. RCP application led to higher HGF viability in PMMA-3D and PEKK groups after 48 h, but lower for the PMMA-Ker group (p < 0.05). After 72 h, no significant differences in HGF viability between both cleaning methods were observed. It can be concluded that the cleaning method of the polymeric materials affected surface roughness, contact angle, and HGF viability at 48 h.
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Alfonso García SL, Parada-Sanchez MT, Arboleda Toro D. The phenotype of gingival fibroblasts and their potential use in advanced therapies. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151123. [PMID: 33070040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced therapies in medicine use stem cells, gene editing, and tissues to treat a wide range of conditions. One of their goals is to stimulate endogenous repair of tissues and organs by manipulating stem cells and their niche, as well as to optimize the intrinsic characteristics and plasticity of differentiated cells in adult tissues. In this context, fibroblasts emerge as an alternative source to stem cells because they share phenotypic and regenerative characteristics. Specifically, fibroblasts of the oral mucosae have been shown to have improved regenerative capacity compared to other fibroblast populations. Additionally, their easy access by means of minimally invasive procedures without generating aesthetic problems, with easy and rapid in vitro expansion and with great capacity to respond to extrinsic factors, make oral fibroblasts an attractive and interesting resource for regenerative medicine. This review summarizes current concepts regarding the phenotypic and functional aspects of human Gingival Fibroblasts and their niche, differentiating them from other fibroblast populations of oral-lining mucosa and skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, some applications are presented in regenerative medicine, emphasizing on the biological potential of human Gingival Fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Liliana Alfonso García
- Department of Integrated Basic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia; Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 111311, Colombia.
| | | | - David Arboleda Toro
- Department of Integrated Basic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
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Ayukawa Y, Atsuta I, Moriyama Y, Jinno Y, Koyano K. Localization of Integrin Beta-4 Subunit at Soft Tissue-Titanium or Zirconia Interface. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3331. [PMID: 33080772 PMCID: PMC7602983 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, along with titanium (Ti), zirconia is widely used as an abutment material for dental implants because it makes it possible to avoid gingival discoloration; however, the epithelial sealing capability of zirconia remains unknown. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the localization of integrin β4 subunit (Inβ4), one of the main proteins in the attachment structure between gingival junctional epithelial (JE) cells and substrata. Maxillary first molars were extracted from rats, and implants were placed with Ti or zirconia transgingival parts; then, the localization of Inβ4 was observed. Morphological and functional changes in rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) cultured on a culture dish (Dish) and Ti and zirconia plates were also evaluated with Inβ4 immunofluorescence histochemistry and Western blotting. After four weeks of implant placement, the morphology of the peri-implant epithelium (PIE) and the localization of Inβ4 around the Ti and zirconia transgingival parts were similar. However, both exhibited markedly shorter Inβ4-positive bands in the PIE than in the JE around natural teeth. Decreased expression levels of Inβ4 were observed in OECs cultured on Ti and zirconia plates compared with those cultured on Dish. In conclusion, although inferior to natural teeth, zirconia implants are thought to have epithelial sealing properties comparable to those of titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Yasuko Moriyama
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Yohei Jinno
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.J.); (K.K.)
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17
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Gögele C, Schulze-Tanzil G, Kokozidou M, Gäbel C, Billner M, Reichert B, Bodenschatz K. Growth characteristics of human juvenile, adult and murine fibroblasts: a comparison of polymer wound dressings. J Wound Care 2020; 29:572-585. [PMID: 33052799 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.10.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibroblasts are important for the successful healing of deep wounds. However, the influence exerted by Cuticell, a natural polymer on fibroblasts and by the synthetic polymer, Suprathel, made of poly-L-lactic acid, is not sufficiently characterised. This study compared the survival and growth characteristics of human juvenile and adult dermal fibroblasts as well as murine fibroblast cell line L929, on a natural polymer with those of a synthetic polymer using different culture models. METHOD Murine, juvenile and adult human fibroblasts were seeded on both the natural and synthetic polymers using statical slide culture or the medium air interface and dynamical rotatory culture. Cell adherence, viability, morphology and actin cytoskeleton architecture were monitored for 1-7 days. Biomaterial permeability was checked with a previously established diffusion chamber. RESULTS The majority of the murine and adult human fibroblasts survived in slide and rotatory cultures on both wound dressings. The fibroblasts seeded on the synthetic polymer exhibited phenotypically a typical spread shape with multiple cell adhesion sites earlier than those on the natural polymer. The highest survival rates in all tested fibroblast species over the entire observation time were detected in rotatory culture (mean: >70%). Nevertheless, it led to cell-cluster formation on both materials. In the medium air interface culture, few adult fibroblasts adhered and survived until the seventh day of culture on both the natural and synthetic polymers, and no viable juvenile and L929 fibroblasts could be found by day seven. Apart from a significant higher survival rate of L929 in slide culture on the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer at the end of the culturing period (p<0.0001), and a higher cell survival of L929 on the natural polymer in medium air interface culture, only minor differences between both materials were evident. This suggested a comparable cytocompatibility of both materials. Permeability testing revealed slightly higher permeance of the natural polymer compared with the synthetic polymer. CONCLUSION Cell survival rates depended on the culture system and the fibroblast source. Nevertheless, the juvenile skin fibroblasts were the most sensitive. This observation suggests that wound dressings used in treating children should be tested beforehand with juvenile fibroblasts to ensure the dressing does not compromise wound healing. Future experiments should also include the response of compromised fibroblasts, for example, from burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Gögele
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg and Nuremberg, Department Nuremberg, Prof.-Ernst Nathan Strasse 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany.,Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gundula Schulze-Tanzil
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg and Nuremberg, Department Nuremberg, Prof.-Ernst Nathan Strasse 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Maria Kokozidou
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg and Nuremberg, Department Nuremberg, Prof.-Ernst Nathan Strasse 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Gäbel
- Leibniz-Institute for Polymer Research, Institute of Polymer Materials, Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Billner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Center of Severe Burn Injuries Nuremberg General Hospital / Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg and Nuremberg, Department Nuremberg, Breslauer Straße 20, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Bert Reichert
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Center of Severe Burn Injuries Nuremberg General Hospital / Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg and Nuremberg, Department Nuremberg, Breslauer Straße 20, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Karl Bodenschatz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Nuremberg General Hospital/Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department Nuremberg, Breslauer Straße 201, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany
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18
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Rohr N, Zeller B, Matthisson L, Fischer J. Surface structuring of zirconia to increase fibroblast viability. Dent Mater 2020; 36:779-786. [PMID: 32354484 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neck area of zirconia implants or abutments is currently either machined, polished and in some cases additionally heat-treated. The aim of the present study was to determine how the surface topography and crystalline structure of zirconia affects the viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). METHODS Zirconia discs with a diameter of 13mm were either polished [Zp], polished and heat-treated [Zpt], machined [Zm], machined and heat-treated [Zmt] or sandblasted, etched and heat-treated [Z14] which is the surface topography of the endosseous part of a zirconia implant. The specimen surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), characterized in terms of monoclinic to tetragonal phase ratio, storage effect on wettability and roughness. The viability and morphology of HGF-1 cells was then tested on all surfaces after 24h. RESULTS The effect of the heat-treatment was visualized for the polished specimens with SEM. Contact angle of water was significantly decreased after 2 weeks air storage of the zirconia. Cell viability was significantly higher on smooth surfaces (Zpt, Zm, Zmt) when compared to Z14. HGF-1 cells spread very flat and attached tightly to the smoother surfaces Zp, Zpt, Zm and Zmt while on Z14, cells did not fully extend into the etched morphology of zirconia and stretched over longer distances. SIGNIFICANCE For the structuring of the neck part of zirconia implants or abutments, a smooth surface with exposed grains might be suggested as the optimal substrate for human gingival fibroblasts. The wettability with water of zirconia decreases with prolonged air storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Rohr
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara Zeller
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lea Matthisson
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Fischer
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Ghinassi B, D’Addazio G, Di Baldassarre A, Femminella B, Di Vincenzo G, Piattelli M, Gaggi G, Sinjari B. Immunohistochemical Results of Soft tissues Around a New Implant Healing-Abutment Surface: A Human Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041009. [PMID: 32252463 PMCID: PMC7230724 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, the high success rate of implant rehabilitation treatment, the biological complications such as bone loss and peri-implantitis are still present. The creation of a coronal biological seal between the implant and the oral tissues seems to be a crucial point on preserving dental implants. The objective of this study was to immunohistochemically analyze the behavior of peri-implant soft tissues around a new implant healing-abutment surface on humans. A total of 30 soft tissue biopsies were collected after a healing period of 30 (±7) days, to analyze the expression of inflammatory (cluster of differentiation 63 (CD63), human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (HPN1-3)) and junctional (E-cadherin, occludin, and β-catenin) markers, on soft tissues around laser treated and machined alternated healing abutments. The evaluation demonstrated the whole area of the soft tissues adherent to the laser treated surface with a regular morphology. While several stress hallmarks in correspondence of machined surfaces were shown such as: a) An irregular, disrupted, and discontinued basal membrane with an increased inflammation evident both the epithelial and connective tissues; b) the absence or defective proper keratinization process of the external layer, and c) damages in the cell to cell interaction. In conclusion, the laser treated surface is preferable to maintain the integrity and functionality of the gingiva epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d’Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.G.); (A.D.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianmaria D’Addazio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.); (B.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d’Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.G.); (A.D.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Beatrice Femminella
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.); (B.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Giorgio Di Vincenzo
- Department of Periodontics & Implant Dentistry, New York University, E 40th St #508, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Maurizio Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.); (B.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d’Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.G.); (A.D.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.); (B.F.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-392-27471479
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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Biological Properties of Surface-Modified Titanium Alloy Implants. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020342. [PMID: 31991841 PMCID: PMC7073575 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing interest in the fabrication of implants made of titanium and its alloys results from their capacity to be integrated into the bone system. This integration is facilitated by different modifications of the implant surface. Here, we assessed the bioactivity of amorphous titania nanoporous and nanotubular coatings (TNTs), produced by electrochemical oxidation of Ti6Al4V orthopedic implants' surface. The chemical composition and microstructure of TNT layers was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To increase their antimicrobial activity, TNT coatings were enriched with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and tested against various bacterial and fungal strains for their ability to form a biofilm. The biointegrity and anti-inflammatory properties of these layers were assessed with the use of fibroblast, osteoblast, and macrophage cell lines. To assess and exclude potential genotoxicity issues of the fabricated systems, a mutation reversal test was performed (Ames Assay MPF, OECD TG 471), showing that none of the TNT coatings released mutagenic substances in long-term incubation experiments. The thorough analysis performed in this study indicates that the TNT5 and TNT5/AgNPs coatings (TNT5-the layer obtained upon applying a 5 V potential) present the most suitable physicochemical and biological properties for their potential use in the fabrication of implants for orthopedics. For this reason, their mechanical properties were measured to obtain full system characteristics.
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21
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Kaga N, Akasaka T, Matsuura T, Yokoyama A, Yoshida Y. Proliferation of Saos-2 and Ca9-22 cells on grooved and pillared titanium surfaces. Biomed Mater Eng 2020; 30:559-567. [PMID: 31929132 DOI: 10.3233/bme-191074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface nanostructures in titanium (Ti) oral implants are critical for rapid osseointegration. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth of osteoblast-like (Saos-2) and epithelial-like (Ca9-22) cells on nanopatterned Ti films. METHODS Ti films with 500 nm grooves and pillars were fabricated by nanoimprinting, and seeded with Saos-2 and Ca9-22 cells. Cell viability and morphology were assessed by cell proliferation assay and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. RESULTS As assessed after 1 hour, proliferation of Saos-2 cells was most robust on grooved films than on pillared and smooth films, in this order. These cells approximately doubled on grooved and pillared substrates in 24 hours and after 5 days, but not on smooth surfaces. In contrast, Ca9-22 cells favored smooth surfaces, followed by grooved and pillared films. Indeed, cells sparsely adhered to pillared films over 5 days of incubation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The data show that Saos-2 and Ca9-22 cells respond differently to different nanostructures, and highlight the potential use of nanopatterns to promote bone regeneration or to prevent epithelial downgrowth at the implant-bone interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kaga
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Akasaka
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuura
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsuro Yokoyama
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Functional Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Zhang K, Zhang B, Huang C, Gao S, Li B, Cao R, Cheng J, Li R, Yu Z, Xie X. Biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of pure titanium surfaces coated with yttrium-doped hydroxyapatite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 100:103363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ehlert M, Roszek K, Jędrzejewski T, Bartmański M, Radtke A. Titania Nanofiber Scaffolds with Enhanced Biointegration Activity-Preliminary In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5642. [PMID: 31718064 PMCID: PMC6888681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing need for novel bone replacement materials has been driving numerous studies on modifying their surface to stimulate osteogenic cells expansion and to accelerate bone tissue regeneration. The goal of the presented study was to optimize the production of titania-based bioactive materials with high porosity and defined nanostructure, which supports the cell viability and growth. We have chosen to our experiments TiO2 nanofibers, produced by chemical oxidation of Ti6Al4V alloy. Fibrous nanocoatings were characterized structurally (X-ray diffraction (XRD)) and morphologically (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)). The wettability of the coatings and their mechanical properties were also evaluated. We have investigated the direct influence of the modified titanium alloy surfaces on the survival and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs). In parallel, proliferation of bone tissue cells-human osteoblasts MG-63 and connective tissue cells - mouse fibroblasts L929, as well as cell viability in co-cultures (osteoblasts/ADSCs and fibroblasts/ADSCs has been studied. The results of our experiments proved that among all tested nanofibrous coatings, the amorphous titania-based ones were the most optimal scaffolds for the integration and proliferation of ADSCs, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. Thus, we postulated these scaffolds to have the osteopromotional potential. However, from the co-culture experiments it can be concluded that ADSCs have the ability to functionalize the initially unfavorable surface, and make it suitable for more specialized and demanding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Roszek
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.R.); (T.J.)
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.R.); (T.J.)
| | - Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Titanium fixture implants treated by laser in dentistry: Review article. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICINE, AND PATHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhu Y, Zhang CN, Gu YX, Shi JY, Mo JJ, Qian SJ, Qiao SC, Lai HC. The responses of human gingival fibroblasts to magnesium-doped titanium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:267-278. [PMID: 31606920 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The titanium (Ti) implant is widely used in implant dentistry; yet peri-implantitis has always been one of the most common and serious complications. Here, we demonstrated that magnesium-doping would be an effective way of enhancing the integration between implant surfaces and gingival tissues, which is critical to peri-implant health. The magnesium (2.76-6.35 at %) was immobilized onto the titanium substrate by a magnesium plasma immersion ion implantation (Mg-PIII) technique. Mg-PIII treatments did not alter surface topographies of the original titanium substrate but improved its hydrophilicity. The in vitro study including cell viability, adhesion, proliferation, migration, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays disclosed improved adhesion, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling abilities of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on the magnesium-doped titanium. The results of western blot suggested that the Mg-modified titanium induced the phosphorylation of AKT through the activation of PI3K. Our results revealed that magnesium-doping would potentially enhance soft tissue sealings by promoting cellular functions of HGFs in a dose-dependent manner, boding well for its applications on surfaces of implant necks in early peri-implant soft tissue integrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu-Nan Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xin Gu
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Yu Shi
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ji Mo
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Jiao Qian
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Chong Qiao
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Chang Lai
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Effect of 5 Popular Disinfection Methods on Microflora of Laboratory: Customized Implant Abutments. IMPLANT DENT 2019; 28:437-446. [PMID: 31584891 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of 5 different decontamination methods of titanium abutments and to assess their possible effects on surface roughness of titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS Micrococcus luteus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans were cocultured to form a multispecies biofilm on 18 titanium discs. In another group, Bacillus subtilis, a spore-forming species, was cultivated on another set of 18 titanium discs. Each group was further divided into 5 test groups: high-pressure steam cleaning (4 Mpa, 5 seconds), NaOCl (1% active chlorine, 5 minutes), H2O2 (3%, 5 minutes), GaAlAs laser (810 nm, CW, 1 W, 400-μm fiber, 1-mm distance, 1 minute), Er:YAG laser (2940 nm, pulse mode, 100 mJ, 10 Hz, 230-μm noncontact handpiece, 4-mm distance, 50/50% air/water, 1 minute), and a control group of no treatment. After each decontamination procedure, the remaining microbial load was reported as colony-forming unit/disc. To evaluate the effect of each treatment on titanium discs, surface roughness parameters including Sa, Sq, Ssk, Sku, Sal, and Sdr were measured at 6 points of each disc using an atomic force microscope. RESULTS Complete disinfection was achieved using high-pressure steam, NaOCl, H2O2, and Er:YAG laser. GaAlAs laser was able to reduce microbial count over 90%. Sa and Sq parameters were only increased significantly in diluted NaOCl group in comparison with control group, whereas Sdr was increased significantly in both absolute and diluted NaOCl groups. CONCLUSION All the methods could decontaminate machined titanium surfaces, although complete microbial elimination was not achieved by diode laser. None of the treatments altered surface roughness significantly, except for sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).
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Narimatsu I, Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Oshiro W, Yasunami N, Furuhashi A, Koyano K. Epithelial and Connective Tissue Sealing around Titanium Implants with Various Typical Surface Finishes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4976-4984. [PMID: 33455245 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue barrier around a dental implant plays a crucial role in the success of dental implants because it protects underlying hard tissue structures. A number of surface alteration procedures of implants have been introduced to improve bone-implant contact, but there has been little research on the peri-implant soft tissue (PIS) seal. The present study focuses on the "biologic width" of epithelial and connective tissue seals around implants with various typical surface finishes by testing surfaces that have been machined (Ms), roughened by sandblasting and acid etching (Rs), treated hydrothermally with CaCl2 (Cs), or anodized (As). Ms, Rs, and As techniques are commonly used to finish surfaces of commercially available dental implants. The Cs technique was reported to produce strong epithelial cell-titanium adhesion. For culture study, rat oral epithelial cells (OECs) and fibroblasts were cultured on Ms, Rs, Cs, and As titanium plates. There was less cell adherence of OECs and more collagen expression when cultured on Rs and As plates than when cultured on Ms and Cs plates. For the in vivo study, implants with Ms, Rs, Cs, and As surfaces were placed in the rats' oral cavity. Although the PIS structure was similar to that around natural teeth, a horseradish peroxide assay revealed that the sealing ability around the Ms and Rs implants was weaker than that around Cs implants. After 16 weeks, Rs implants exhibited peri-implant epithelial apical down-growth and had lost bone support. Thus, although a smooth surface (Ms and Cs) showed better epithelial attachment, rough surfaces (Rs and As) are more suitable for binding to the connective tissue. Strong epithelium-implant attachment seems to be a fundamental defense against foreign body penetration. Selecting suitable surfaces to ensure strong sealing is important for implant success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikue Narimatsu
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wakana Oshiro
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yasunami
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Sakamoto Y, Ayukawa Y, Furuhashi A, Kamo M, Ikeda J, Atsuta I, Haraguchi T, Koyano K. Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment with Distilled Water on Titanium Alloy for Epithelial Cellular Attachment. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172748. [PMID: 31461930 PMCID: PMC6747835 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of oral epithelial adhesion to the trans-mucosal material of dental implants may improve their long-term stability. The aim of this study is to investigate whether hydrothermal treatment with distilled water (HT-DW) applied to a Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy could improve epithelial cellular attachment. We hypothesized that this treatment would enhance the adsorption of proteins and the adhesion of gingival epithelial GE1 cells. This treatment changed the surface crystal structure into an anatase type of titanium oxide without an apparent change of surface roughness or topography. Nitrogen was not detected on the HT-DW-treated Ti64, which indicates decontamination. HT-DW-treated Ti64 exhibited a hydrophilic surface with a less than 10° angle of water contact. Adsorption of laminin-332 to the HT-DW-treated Ti64 was significantly greater than that of the untreated Ti64 plates (64). The number of GE1 cells on the HT-DW-treated Ti64 at 1 and 3 days was significantly lower than that on 64; however, cell adhesion strength on HT-DW was greater, with a higher expression of integrin β4, compared with 64. This indicates that the HT-DW treatment of Ti64 improves the integration of GE1 cells, which might facilitate the development of a soft tissue barrier around the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushige Sakamoto
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Michimasa Kamo
- Medical Division, KYOCERA Corporation, Shiga 520-2362, Japan
| | - Junji Ikeda
- Medical Division, KYOCERA Corporation, Shiga 520-2362, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Haraguchi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Nagao R, Esaki D, Shibata Y, Ikawa S, Kitano K, Ayukawa Y, Matsushita Y, Takeshita T, Yamashita Y, Matsuzaki M, Koyano K. Investigation of a novel sterilization method for biofilms formed on titanium surfaces. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:654-662. [PMID: 31189796 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective methods to disinfect biofilms on dental materials is medically important. This study evaluated the bactericidal effects of peroxynitric acid (HOONO2; PNA) on biofilms formed on titanium surfaces. Streptococcus gordonii was cultured on either machined or rough titanium discs that were then used to evaluate the bactericidal effects of seven reagents, i.e., normal saline, benzalkonium chloride disinfectant solution, chlorhexidine digluconate solution, three concentration types of PNA, and inactivated PNA. Using low concentration of PNA, the bacterial count based on a CFU assay reached an undetectable level within 10 s; this bactericidal effect was the strongest observed for the seven tested reagents. Thus, PNA may be more useful than other disinfectants for sterilizing biofilms on titanium surfaces that have been contaminated with bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Nagao
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Daisuke Esaki
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Yukie Shibata
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Satoshi Ikawa
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology
| | - Katsuhisa Kitano
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Yasuyuki Matsushita
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Toru Takeshita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshihisa Yamashita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Masaaki Matsuzaki
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
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Pandoleon P, Bakopoulou A, Papadopoulou L, Koidis P. Evaluation of the biological behaviour of various dental implant abutment materials on attachment and viability of human gingival fibroblasts. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1053-1063. [PMID: 31060818 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) compared to other dental implant abutment materials, i.e. lithium disilicate (LS2) and titanium alloy (Ti), as well as the effects of aging of Y-TZP on viability/proliferation and attachment properties of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs). METHODS Cylindrical specimens of each material were prepared as per manufacturer's instructions. Y-TZP specimens were divided into three groups: 1. no aging (Zr0), 2. aging for 5 h, 134 °C, 2 bars, 100% humidity (Zr5), 3. aging for 10 h under the same conditions (Zr10). Surface roughness was evaluated by optical profilometry; cell metabolic activity/viability by MTT assay, morphological changes by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and ratio of live/dead cells by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Results showed statistically significant reduction of HGF metabolic activity/viability in contact with Y-TZP after aging. Nevertheless, non-aged zirconia showed no significant differences compared with LS2, Ti and control cultures. In contrast, significant stimulation of cell metabolic activity/viability was observed in HGFs exposed to LS2 eluates. Differential morphological patterns were observed for HGF in contact with different materials/treatments, with obviously increased number of dead cells and sparser distribution of HGFs cultured on Zr10 specimens. These effects were not correlated with surface topography, since Y-TZP aging did not alter surface micro-roughness. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that Y-TZP shows comparable biological properties to Ti and LS2 as implant abutment material. Nevertheless, Y-TZP aging might influence gingival cell attachment and proliferation properties, providing an alert to a potentially negative effect on the long-term maintenance of gingival architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Pandoleon
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambrini Papadopoulou
- Department of Mineralogy-Petrology-Ec. Geology, School of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece
| | - Petros Koidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Radtke A, Grodzicka M, Ehlert M, Jędrzejewski T, Wypij M, Golińska P. "To Be Microbiocidal and Not to Be Cytotoxic at the Same Time…"-Silver Nanoparticles and Their Main Role on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Implants. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030334. [PMID: 30857367 PMCID: PMC6463051 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method has been used to produce dispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and nanotubular modified titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V/TNT5), leading to the formation of Ti6Al4V/AgNPs and Ti6Al4V/TNT5/AgNPs systems with different contents of metallic silver particles. Their surface morphology and silver particles arrangement were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The wettability and surface free energy of these materials were investigated on the basis of contact angle measurements. The degree of silver ion release from the surface of the studied systems immersed in phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS) was estimated using inductively coupled plasma ionization mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The biocompatibility of the analyzed materials was estimated based on the fibroblasts and osteoblasts adhesion and proliferation, while their microbiocidal properties were determined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and yeasts. The results of our works proved the high antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of all the studied systems. Among them, Ti6Al4V/TNT5/0.6AgNPs contained the lowest amount of AgNPs, but still revealed optimal biointegration properties and high biocidal properties. This is the biomaterial that possesses the desired biological properties, in which the potential toxicity is minimized by minimizing the number of silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Marlena Grodzicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Wypij
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Golińska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Radtke A, Ehlert M, Jędrzejewski T, Bartmański M. The Morphology, Structure, Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Nanotubular Titania Coatings before and after Autoclaving Process. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E272. [PMID: 30813448 PMCID: PMC6406720 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoclaving process is one of the sterilization procedures of implantable devices. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of hot steam at high pressure on the morphology, structure, and properties of implants modified by nanocomposite coatings. In our works, we focused on studies on amorphous titania nanotubes produced by titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) electrochemical oxidation in the potential range 5⁻60 V. Half of the samples were drying in argon stream at room temperature, and the second ones were drying additionally with the use of immersion in acetone and drying at 396 K. Samples were subjected to autoclaving and after sterilization they were structurally and morphologically characterized using Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). They were characterized in terms of wettability, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Obtained results proved that the autoclaving of amorphous titania nanotube coatings produced at lower potentials (5⁻15 V) does not affect their morphology and structure regardless of the drying method before autoclaving. Nanotubular coatings produced using higher potentials (20⁻60 V) require removal of adsorbed water particles from their surface. Otherwise, autoclaving leads to the destruction of the architecture of nanotubular coatings, which is associated with the changing of their mechanical and biointegration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Radtke A, Ehlert M, Jędrzejewski T, Sadowska B, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Holopainen J, Ritala M, Leskelä M, Bartmański M, Szkodo M, Piszczek P. Titania Nanotubes/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites Produced with the Use of the Atomic Layer Deposition Technique: Estimation of Bioactivity and Nanomechanical Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9010123. [PMID: 30669454 PMCID: PMC6359504 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were produced on a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V/TNT/HA) and studied as a biocompatible coating for an implant surface modification. As a novel approach for this type of nanocomposite fabrication, the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method with an extremely low number of cycles was used to enrich titania nanotubes (TNT) with a very thin hydroxyapatite coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for determination of the structure and the surface morphology of the fabricated nanocoatings. The biointegration activity of the layers was estimated based on fibroblasts’ proliferation on the TNT/HA surface. The antibacterial activity was determined by analyzing the ability of the layers to inhibit bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Mechanical properties of the Ti6Al4V/TNT/HA samples were estimated by measuring the hardness, Young’s module, and susceptibility to scratching. The results revealed that the nanoporous titanium alloy coatings enriched with a very thin hydroxyapatite layer may be a promising way to achieve the desired balance between biofunctional and biomechanical properties of modern implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Jani Holopainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mikko Ritala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Markku Leskelä
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marek Szkodo
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Contreras LPC, Dal Piva AMO, Ribeiro FC, Anami LC, Camargo SEA, Jorge AOC, Bottino MA. Effects of Manufacturing and Finishing Techniques of Feldspathic Ceramics on Surface Topography, Biofilm Formation, and Cell Viability for Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Oper Dent 2018; 43:593-601. [DOI: 10.2341/17-126-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Purpose:
Feldspathic ceramic restorations can be obtained by different techniques (stratification or computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing [CAD/CAM] blocks) and finishing procedures (polishing or glaze application). This study evaluated the effects of techniques and finishing procedures on surface properties, biofilm formation, and viability of human gingival fibroblasts (FMM-1) in contact with these materials.
Methods and Materials:
Ceramic specimens were obtained through a stratification technique (Vita VM9) and from CAD/CAM blocks (Vita Blocs Mark II; both Vita Zahnfabrik) and their surfaces were finished by polishing (ceramisté diamond rubbers + polishing paste; “p” subgroups) or glaze spray application + sintering (“g” subgroups). Roughness (Ra and RSm parameters) and surface free energy (SFE) were measured. Early biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans was evaluated by counting colony-forming units (CFU). MTT (3-[4.5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl-]-2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity test evaluated cellular viability for the growth of FMM-1 after 24 hours and seven days of contact. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-dimensional optical profilometry were performed to qualitatively analyze the surface. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, Tukey test, and t-test (all α=0.05).
Results:
Polished samples presented lower roughness (Ra, p=0.015; RSm, p=0.049) and higher SFE (p=0.00). Streptococci had higher CFU in all groups, but the CFU of C albicans was lower for polished samples. Biofilm formation was influenced by the interaction of all factors (p=0.018), and the materials showed no cytotoxicity to FMM-1 growth.
Conclusions:
Polishing resulted in the lowest values for surface roughness and higher SFE values. Polished ceramics showed less C albicans adherence while the adherence of Streptococci was greater than C albicans in all conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- LPC Contreras
- Lisseth Patricia Claudio Contreras, DDS, MSc, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - AMO Dal Piva
- Amanda Maria Oliveira Dal Piva, DDS, MSc, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - FC Ribeiro
- Felipe de Camargo Ribeiro, MSc, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - LC Anami
- Lilian Costa Anami, DDS, MSc, PhD, Universidade Santo Amaro, Department of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - SEA Camargo
- Felipe de Camargo Ribeiro, MSc, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - AOC Jorge
- Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge, DDS, MSc, PhD, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - MA Bottino
- Marco Antonio Bottino, DDS, MSc, PhD, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Novel Titania Nanocoatings Produced by Anodic Oxidation with the Use of Cyclically Changing Potential: Their Photocatalytic Activity and Biocompatibility. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8090712. [PMID: 30208625 PMCID: PMC6164751 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The anodic oxidation of Ti6Al4V substrate surfaces with the use of cyclically changing potential enabled the production of novel titania nanocoatings. Morphologically different coatings were prepared in the ethylene glycol-based electrolyte with diluted HF and various amounts of water. The structure of the produced surface materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. Their morphology was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. The photocatalytic efficiency of produced materials was studied by the observation of methylene blue degradation under UV irradiation. Their biointegration properties were established on the basis of immunological assays, which checked murine fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation on novel coatings. The obtained results pointed out to both high biocompatibility, as well as the photoactivity of one of the obtained nanocoatings, allowing trusting in the applicative nature of this material.
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Rizo-Gorrita M, Luna-Oliva I, Serrera-Figallo MÁ, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL, Torres-Lagares D. Comparison of Cytomorphometry and Early Cell Response of Human Gingival Fibroblast (HGFs) between Zirconium and New Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics (ZLS). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2718. [PMID: 30208663 PMCID: PMC6164961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
New zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS) could be a viable alternative to zirconium (Y-TZP) in the manufacture of implantological abutments-especially in aesthetic cases-due to its good mechanical, optical, and biocompatibility properties. Although there are several studies on the ZLS mechanical properties, there are no studies regarding proliferation, spreading, or cytomorphometry. We designed the present study which compares the surface, cellular proliferation, and cellular morphology between Y-TZP (Vita YZ® T [Vita Zahnfabrik (Postfach, Germany)]) and ZLS (Celtra® Duo [Degudent (Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany)]). The surface characterization was performed with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical profilometry. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were subsequently cultured on both materials and early cellular response and cell morphology were compared through nuclear and cytoskeletal measurement parameters using confocal microscopy. The results showed greater proliferation and spreading on the surface of Y-TZP. This could indicate that Y-TZP continues to be a gold standard in terms of transgingival implant material: Nevertheless, more in vitro and in vivo research is necessary to confirm the results obtained in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rizo-Gorrita
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Seville University, Calle de Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
| | - Irene Luna-Oliva
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Seville University, Calle de Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
| | | | - José-Luis Gutiérrez-Pérez
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Seville University, Calle de Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
| | - Daniel Torres-Lagares
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Seville University, Calle de Avicena s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
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Mangano C, Mangano FG, Shibli JA, Roth LA, d' Addazio G, Piattelli A, Iezzi G. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Peri-Implant Soft Tissues around Machined and Direct Metal Laser Sintered (DMLS) Healing Abutments in Humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081611. [PMID: 30061523 PMCID: PMC6121298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Direct metal laser Sintering (DMLS) is an additive manufacturing technique that allows fabrication of dental implants and related components with a highly porous surface. To date, no human studies have investigated the soft tissue adhesion and presence of inflammatory infiltrate with porous DMLS healing abutments (HAs), nor have they compared these with the classic machined ones. Purpose: To evaluate the degree of cell adhesion (integrin expression) and the quantity/quality of inflammatory infiltrate, on HAs with different surfaces; full DMLS, full machined, and hybrid (half DMLS and half machined). Methods: Fifty implant patients were randomly assigned to receive one of these different Has: T1, full DMLS (11 subjects); T2, machined in the upper portion and DMLS in the lower one (10 subjects); T3, DMLS in the upper portion and machined in the lower one (19 subjects); T4, full machined (10 patients). Thirty days after placement, circular sections of soft tissues around HAs were retrieved for immunohistochemical evaluation. Results: With regard to the adhesion molecules, the samples showed different intensity of integrin expression, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between T1 and the other groups. All the samples were positive for the different clusters related to the inflammatory infiltrate (T lymphocytes, CD3; B lymphocytes, CD20; and macrophages, CD68), but a lower infiltrate was found in T1, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) among the groups. Conclusions: The HA surface seems to influence the degree of cell adhesion and the inflammatory infiltrate of the surrounding soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Mangano
- Department of Dental Sciences, Dental School, San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
| | - Francesco Guido Mangano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Dental School, Insubria University, Varese 21100, Italy.
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 743372, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Amadeu Roth
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 743372, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gianmaria d' Addazio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti 66100, Italy.
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti 66100, Italy.
- Catholic University of San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia 30107, Spain.
| | - Giovanna Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti 66100, Italy.
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Igarashi K, Nakahara K, Kobayashi E, Watanabe F, Haga-Tsujimura M. Hard and soft tissue responses to implant made of three different materials with microgrooved collar in a dog model. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:964-972. [PMID: 29998938 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess hard and soft tissue around dental implants made of three different materials with microgrooves on the collar surface. Microgrooved implants were inserted in the mandibles of five male beagles. Implants were made of three kinds of material; titanium (Ti), yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) and ceria partially stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite (Ce-TZP/Al2O3). The animals were euthanatized at three months after implantation, and harvested tissue was analyzed by means of histology. All kinds of implant were osseointegrated, and there were no significant differences in any histomorphometric parameters among the three groups of microgrooved implants made of different materials. Within the limitations of this study, implants with microgrooves integrated into the surrounding bone tissue, without statistically significant differences among the three tested materials, Ti, Y-TZP, and Ce-TZP/Al2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Igarashi
- Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University
| | - Ken Nakahara
- Advanced Research Center, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Eizaburo Kobayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Fumihiko Watanabe
- Department of Crown and Bridge Prosthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Maiko Haga-Tsujimura
- Department of Histology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
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Lasocka I, Szulc-Dąbrowska L, Skibniewski M, Skibniewska E, Strupinski W, Pasternak I, Kmieć H, Kowalczyk P. Biocompatibility of pristine graphene monolayer: Scaffold for fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 48:276-285. [PMID: 29409908 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of pristine graphene monolayer and its utility as a scaffold for murine fibroblast L929 cell line. Cell viability, morphology, cytoskeleton architecture (microfilaments and microtubules), cell adhesion and migration into the scratch-wound area were determined using pristine graphene-coated microscopic slides. We found that fibroblasts cultured on pristine graphene monolayer exhibited changes in cell attachment, motility and cytoskeleton organization. Graphene was found to have no cytotoxicity on L929 fibroblasts and increased cell adhesion and proliferation within 24 h of culture. The area of cells growing on graphene was comparable to the area of fibroblasts cultured on glass. Migration of cells on the surface of graphene substrate appeared to be more regular in comparison to uncoated glass surface, however in both control (glass) and experimental (graphene) groups the scratch wound was closed after 48 h of culture. Taken together, our results indicate that pristine graphene monolayer is non-toxic for murine subcutaneous connective tissue fibroblasts and could be beneficial for recovery of damaged tissues after injury. These studies could be helpful in evaluating biocompatibility of graphene, which still remains ambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Lasocka
- Department of Biology of Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego street 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Szulc-Dąbrowska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego street 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Skibniewski
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Skibniewska
- Department of Biology of Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego street 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Strupinski
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska street 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa street 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Pasternak
- Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wólczyńska street 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa street 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hubert Kmieć
- Department of Biology of Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego street 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka street 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
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Kanazawa M, Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Yamaza T, Kondo R, Matsuura Y, Koyano K. The influence of systemically or locally administered mesenchymal stem cells on tissue repair in a rat oral implantation model. Int J Implant Dent 2018; 4:2. [PMID: 29332154 PMCID: PMC5767164 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-017-0112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used clinically in regenerative medicine. Our previous report showed systemically injected MSCs improved peri-implant sealing and accelerated tissue healing. However, the risks of systemic MSC administration, including lung embolism, must be considered; therefore, their local application must be assessed for clinical safety and efficacy. We investigated differences in treatment effect between local and systemic MSC application using a rat oral implantation model. METHODS Rat bone marrow-derived MSCs were isolated and culture-expanded. The rat's right maxillary first molars were extracted and replaced with experimental titanium implants. After 24 h, MSCs (1 × 106/ml) were systemically or locally injected into recipient rats via the tail vein (systemic group) or buccal subcutaneous tissue (local group), respectively. Rats treated in the absence of MSCs were included as a control (control group). The maxillary epithelium was assessed histologically after 4 weeks to evaluate laminin-332 (Ln-332) distribution and horseradish peroxidase invasion, as indicators of peri-implant epithelium (PIE) formation and PIE sealing to the implant surface, respectively. The effect of MSCs on rat oral epithelial cell (OEC) morphology was determined by coculture. RESULTS Systemic group MSCs accumulated early at the peri-implant mucosa, while local group MSCs were observed in various organs prior to later accumulation around the implant surface. PIE formation and Ln-332-positive staining at the implant interface were enhanced in the systemic group compared with the local and control groups. Furthermore, OEC adherence on implants was reduced in high-density compared with low-density MSC cocultures. CONCLUSIONS Local MSC injection was more ineffective than systemic MSC injection at enhancing PIE sealing around titanium implants. Thus, although local MSC administration has a wide range of applications, further investigations are needed to understand the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of this approach prior to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miya Kanazawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kondo
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuri Matsuura
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Kheur S, Singh N, Bodas D, Rauch JY, Jambhekar S, Kheur M, Rajwade J. Nanoscale silver depositions inhibit microbial colonization and improve biocompatibility of titanium abutments. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:151-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abdallah MN, Badran Z, Ciobanu O, Hamdan N, Tamimi F. Strategies for Optimizing the Soft Tissue Seal around Osseointegrated Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28960892 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous and permucosal devices such as catheters, infusion pumps, orthopedic, and dental implants are commonly used in medical treatments. However, these useful devices breach the soft tissue barrier that protects the body from the outer environment, and thus increase bacterial infections resulting in morbidity and mortality. Such associated infections can be prevented if these devices are effectively integrated with the surrounding soft tissue, and thus creating a strong seal from the surrounding environment. However, so far, there are no percutaneous/permucosal medical devices able to prevent infection by achieving strong integration at the soft tissue-device interface. This review gives an insight into the current status of research into soft tissue-implant interface and the challenges associated with these interfaces. Biological soft/hard tissue interfaces may provide insights toward engineering better soft tissue interfaces around percutaneous devices. In this review, focus is put on the history and current findings as well as recent progress of the strategies aiming to develop a strong soft tissue seal around osseointegrated implants, such as orthopedic and dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Nur Abdallah
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 1G1 QC Canada
- Division of Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Toronto University; Toronto M5G 1G6 ON Canada
| | - Zahi Badran
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 1G1 QC Canada
- Department of Periodontology (CHU/Rmes Inserm U1229/UIC11); Faculty of Dental Surgery; University of Nantes; Nantes 44042 France
| | - Ovidiu Ciobanu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 1G1 QC Canada
| | - Nader Hamdan
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; Dalhousie University; Halifax B3H 4R2 NS Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 1G1 QC Canada
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Piszczek P, Lewandowska Ż, Radtke A, Jędrzejewski T, Kozak W, Sadowska B, Szubka M, Talik E, Fiori F. Biocompatibility of Titania Nanotube Coatings Enriched with Silver Nanograins by Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E274. [PMID: 28914821 PMCID: PMC5618385 DOI: 10.3390/nano7090274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity investigations of titania nanotube (TNT) coatings enriched with silver nanograins (TNT/Ag) have been carried out. TNT/Ag nanocomposite materials were produced by combining the electrochemical anodization and chemical vapor deposition methods. Fabricated coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The release effect of silver ions from TNT/Ag composites immersed in bodily fluids, has been studied using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The metabolic activity assay (MTT) was applied to determine the L929 murine fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation on the surface of TNT/Ag coatings. Moreover, the results of immunoassays (using peripheral blood mononuclear cells-PBMCs isolated from rats) allowed the estimation of the immunological activity of TNT/Ag surface materials. Antibacterial activity of TNT/Ag coatings with different morphological and structural features was estimated against two Staphylococcus aureus strains (ATCC 29213 and H9). The TNT/Ag nanocomposite layers produced revealed a good biocompatibility promoting the fibroblast adhesion and proliferation. A desirable anti-biofilm activity against the S. aureus reference strain was mainly noticed for these TiO₂ nanotube coatings, which contain dispersed Ag nanograins deposited on their surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., NIP 9562314777, Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Żaneta Lewandowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-implant Ltd., NIP 9562314777, Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Kozak
- Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lódź, ul. S. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Szubka
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ewa Talik
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lódź, ul. S. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Fabrizio Fiori
- Di.S.C.O.-Sezione di Biochimica, Biologia e Fisica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Radtke A, Jędrzejewski T, Kozak W, Sadowska B, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Talik E, Mäkelä M, Leskelä M, Piszczek P. Optimization of the Silver Nanoparticles PEALD Process on the Surface of 1-D Titania Coatings. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E193. [PMID: 28737725 PMCID: PMC5535259 DOI: 10.3390/nano7070193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) of silver nanoparticles on the surface of 1-D titania coatings, such as nanotubes (TNT) and nanoneedles (TNN), has been carried out. The formation of TNT and TNN layers enriched with dispersed silver particles of strictly defined sizes and the estimation of their bioactivity was the aim of our investigations. The structure and the morphology of produced materials were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM). Their bioactivity and potential usefulness in the modification of implants surface have been estimated on the basis of the fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation assays, and on the basis of the determination of their antibacterial activity. The cumulative silver release profiles have been checked with the use of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICPMS), in order to exclude potential cytotoxicity of silver decorated systems. Among the studied nanocomposite samples, TNT coatings, prepared at 3, 10, 12 V and enriched with silver nanoparticles produced during 25 cycles of PEALD, revealed suitable biointegration properties and may actively counteract the formation of bacterial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Kozak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Ewa Talik
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Maarit Mäkelä
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Markku Leskelä
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Radtke A, Topolski A, Jędrzejewski T, Kozak W, Sadowska B, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Piszczek P. Bioactivity Studies on Titania Coatings and the Estimation of Their Usefulness in the Modification of Implant Surfaces. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7040090. [PMID: 28441733 PMCID: PMC5408182 DOI: 10.3390/nano7040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Morphologically different titania coatings (nanofibers (TNFs), nanoneedles (TNNs), and nanowires (TNWs)) were studied as potential biomedical materials. The abovementioned systems were produced in situ on Ti6Al4V substrates via direct oxidation processes using H2O2 and H2O2/CaCl2 agents, and via thermal oxidation in the presence of Ar and Ar/H2O2. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have been used to structurally characterize the produced materials. The morphology changes on the titanium alloy surface were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The bioactivity of the samples has been estimated by the analysis of the produced titania coatings’ biocompatibility, and by the determination of their ability to reduce bacterial biofilm formation. The photoactivity of the produced nanocoatings was also analyzed, in order to determine the possibility of using titania coated implant surfaces in the sterilization process of implants. Photocatalytic activity was estimated using the methylene blue photodegradation kinetics, in the presence of UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Adrian Topolski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Kozak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Laboratory of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Laboratory of Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Effect of Micro/Nano-Patterned Surfaces on Cell Adhesion of Ca9-22 cells. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Antibacterial titanium nano-patterned arrays inspired by dragonfly wings. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16817. [PMID: 26576662 PMCID: PMC4649496 DOI: 10.1038/srep16817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys remain the most popular choice as a medical implant material because of its desirable properties. The successful osseointegration of titanium implants is, however, adversely affected by the presence of bacterial biofilms that can form on the surface, and hence methods for preventing the formation of surface biofilms have been the subject of intensive research over the past few years. In this study, we report the response of bacteria and primary human fibroblasts to the antibacterial nanoarrays fabricated on titanium surfaces using a simple hydrothermal etching process. These fabricated titanium surfaces were shown to possess selective bactericidal activity, eliminating almost 50% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells and about 20% of the Staphylococcus aureus cells coming into contact with the surface. These nano-patterned surfaces were also shown to enhance the aligned attachment behavior and proliferation of primary human fibroblasts over 10 days of growth. These antibacterial surfaces, which are capable of exhibiting differential responses to bacterial and eukaryotic cells, represent surfaces that have excellent prospects for biomedical applications.
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Tetè S, Zizzari VL, Borelli B, De Colli M, Zara S, Sorrentino R, Scarano A, Gherlone E, Cataldi A, Zarone F. Proliferation and adhesion capability of human gingival fibroblasts onto zirconia, lithium disilicate and feldspathic veneering ceramic in vitro. Dent Mater J 2015; 33:7-15. [PMID: 24492105 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured onto CAD/CAM zirconia (Group A), CAD/CAM zirconia after polishing (Group B), CAD/CAM lithium disilicate after polishing (Group C), and feldspathic ceramic (Group D) to evaluate their proliferation and adhesion potential. After 3 h, HGF adhesion was similar in all groups. Later, HGFs closely adhered to surfaces, particularly onto groups B, C and D, acquiring an elongated shape. Proliferation assay showed no differences in cell viability among the groups after 24 h, while significant increase was shown after 72 h in Groups B and C. After 24 h, similar Collagen I levels were found in all groups, while after 72 h Groups B and C revealed a deep reduction in respect to the 24 h level. In vitro, HGF behavior may reflect variability in soft tissue response to different surface materials for prosthetic restorations, and support that polished zirconia is able to achieve a better integration in vivo in respect to the other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tetè
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio"
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Oshiro W, Ayukawa Y, Atsuta I, Furuhashi A, Yamazoe J, Kondo R, Sakaguchi M, Matsuura Y, Tsukiyama Y, Koyano K. Effects of CaCl2 hydrothermal treatment of titanium implant surfaces on early epithelial sealing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 131:141-7. [PMID: 25982317 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of oral epithelial adhesion to titanium (Ti) may significantly enhance the efficacy of dental implants. We aimed to investigate whether calcium chloride (CaCl2) hydrothermally treated (HT) Ti could promote sealing of the peri-implant epithelium (PIE) around the implant. Right maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with either CaCl2-HT implants (Ca-HT group), distilled water-HT implants (DW-HT group), or untreated implants (Cont group). After 4 weeks, the implant-PIE interface of the Ca-HT group exhibited a band of immunoreactive laminin-332, similar to the tooth-junctional epithelium interface, which was absent in the Cont and DW-HT groups at the upper portion. We also investigated the effect of Ca-HT on the attachment of rat oral epithelial cells (OECs). OEC adherence onto Ca-HT Ti plates was stronger with higher expression levels of adhesion proteins compared with Cont and DW-HT groups. These results indicate that HT with CaCl2 improves the integration of soft tissue cells with the Ti implant at 4 weeks after implantation, which might facilitate the development of a soft tissue barrier around the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Oshiro
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Furuhashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jyunichi Yamazoe
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kondo
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mami Sakaguchi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuri Matsuura
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukiyama
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Lee DW, Kim JG, Kim MK, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A, Choi SH, Ryu JJ. Effect of laser-dimpled titanium surfaces on attachment of epithelial-like cells and fibroblasts. J Adv Prosthodont 2015; 7:138-45. [PMID: 25932312 PMCID: PMC4414944 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to conduct an in vitro comparative evaluation of polished and laserdimpled titanium (Ti) surfaces to determine whether either surface has an advantage in promoting the attachment of epithelial-like cells and fibroblast to Ti. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight coin-shaped samples of commercially pure, grade 4 Ti plates were used in this study. These discs were cleaned to a surface roughness (Ra: roughness centerline average) of 180 nm by polishing and were divided into three groups: SM (n=16) had no dimples and served as the control, SM15 (n=16) had 5-µm dimples at 10-µm intervals, and SM30 (n=16) had 5-µm dimples at 25-µm intervals in a 2 × 4 mm(2) area at the center of the disc. Human gingival squamous cell carcinoma cells (YD-38) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) were cultured and used in cell proliferation assays, adhesion assays, immunofluorescent staining of adhesion proteins, and morphological analysis by SEM. The data were analyzed statistically to determine the significance of differences. RESULTS The adhesion strength of epithelial cells was higher on Ti surfaces with 5-µm laser dimples than on polished Ti surfaces, while the adhesion of fibroblasts was not significantly changed by laser treatment of implant surfaces. However, epithelial cells and fibroblasts around the laser dimples appeared larger and showed increased expression of adhesion proteins. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that laser dimpling may contribute to improving the periimplant soft tissue barrier. This study provided helpful information for developing the transmucosal surface of the abutment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woon Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Kim
- Nano-Convergence Mechanical System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Meyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Ryu
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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