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Nishshankage K, Buddhinie PKC, Ezzat AO, Zhang X, Vithanage M. Antifungal efficacy of biogenic waste derived colloidal/nanobiochar against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117621. [PMID: 37952852 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. usually resulting in significant postharvest losses in the banana production chain. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of corn cob colloidal/nanobiochar (CCN) and Gliricidia sepium wood colloidal/nanobiochar (GCN) on the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. The CCN and GCN materials were synthesized and thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including UV-Vis and Fluorescence spectroscopy. Then after the fungal growth was examined on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media supplemented with different CCN and GCN concentrations of 0.4 - 20 g/L and CCN and GCN with zeolite at various weight percentages of 10% to 50% w/w. Results from the characterization revealed that CCN exhibited a strong UV absorbance peak value of 0.630 at 203 nm, while GCN had a value of 0.305 at 204 nm. In terms of fluorescence emission, CCN displayed a strong peak intensity of 16,371 at 412 nm, whereas GCN exhibited a strong peak intensity of 32,691 at 411 nm. Both CCN and GCN, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 8 and 0.4 - 20 g/L, respectively, displayed notable reductions in mycelial densities and inhibited fungal growth compared to the control. Zeolite incorporation further enhanced the antifungal effect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the promising potential of colloidal/nanobiochar in effectively controlling anthracnose disease. The synthesized CCN and GCN demonstrate promising antifungal potential against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, offering the potential for the development of novel and effective antifungal strategies for controlling anthracnose disease in Musa spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulathi Nishshankage
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - P K C Buddhinie
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Abdelrahman O Ezzat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Dofuor AK, Quartey NKA, Osabutey AF, Antwi-Agyakwa AK, Asante K, Boateng BO, Ablormeti FK, Lutuf H, Osei-Owusu J, Osei JHN, Ekloh W, Loh SK, Honger JO, Aidoo OF, Ninsin KD. Mango anthracnose disease: the current situation and direction for future research. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1168203. [PMID: 37692388 PMCID: PMC10484599 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango anthracnose disease (MAD) is a destructive disease of mangoes, with estimated yield losses of up to 100% in unmanaged plantations. Several strains that constitute Colletotrichum complexes are implicated in MAD worldwide. All mangoes grown for commercial purposes are susceptible, and a resistant cultivar for all strains is not presently available on the market. The infection can widely spread before being detected since the disease is invincible until after a protracted latent period. The detection of multiple strains of the pathogen in Mexico, Brazil, and China has prompted a significant increase in research on the disease. Synthetic pesticide application is the primary management technique used to manage the disease. However, newly observed declines in anthracnose susceptibility to many fungicides highlight the need for more environmentally friendly approaches. Recent progress in understanding the host range, molecular and phenotypic characterization, and susceptibility of the disease in several mango cultivars is discussed in this review. It provides updates on the mode of transmission, infection biology and contemporary management strategies. We suggest an integrated and ecologically sound approach to managing MAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboagye Kwarteng Dofuor
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Naa Kwarley-Aba Quartey
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Kwasi Asante
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Belinda Obenewa Boateng
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Fred Kormla Ablormeti
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Hanif Lutuf
- Crop Protection Division, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Kade, Ghana
| | - Jonathan Osei-Owusu
- Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - William Ekloh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Seyram Kofi Loh
- Department of Built Environment, School of Sustainable Development, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Joseph Okani Honger
- Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Agriculture, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Owusu Fordjour Aidoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Kodwo Dadzie Ninsin
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
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Characterization and Expression of Phospholipase D Putatively Involved in Colletotrichummusae Disease Development of Postharvest Banana Fruit. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) in plants plays an important role in growth, development, and stress response. The effect of hexanal on PLD in banana fruit responding to Colletotrichum musae infection remains poorly understood. In this study, four putative PLD genes, named as MaPLD1, MaPLD2, MaPLD3, and MaPLD4 were identified from banana fruit. The four MaPLDs can be classified into three of the seven known PLD families according to sequence characterization. Their deduced amino acid sequences displayed homology of PLDs from other plant species. Furthermore, the specific expression analysis of PLD genes in banana fruit in response to infection in C. musae was studied and the response relationship between PLD family members and banana fruit under anthracnose stress was clarified. Changes in both the activity of PLD and PLC, and the connection between hexanal and phospholipases in the banana fruit C. musae infection were compared. The results showed that the incidence of disease in banana inoculated with C. musae was dramatically increased after 6 days of storage, the activation of PLD and PLC in infected anthracnose fruit before disease development, and that this activation was inhibited by hexanal treatment, which suggested that both enzymes play a protective role in banana fruit to cope with C. musae infection and the participation of hexanal in their regulation. Of the four MaPLD genes, the anthracnose had a stronger effect on MaPLD1 and MaPLD4. These data demonstrated that hexanal treatment could enhance fruit disease resistance to C. musae, and that PLD could take part in the disease defensive system of harvested banana fruit to C. musae by modulating the metabolism of cell membrane lipids, and thus suppress disease development in C. musae -inoculated banana during storage.
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Tang S, Meng X, Wang F, Lin Q, Feng T, Hu D, Zhang Y. Four Propiconazole Stereoisomers: Stereoselective Bioactivity, Separation via Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, and Dissipation in Banana Leaves. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:877-886. [PMID: 35029107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the stereoselective bioactivity of four propiconazole stereoisomers against the causal agents of the banana leaf spot disease (Curvularia lunata and Colletotrichum musae). We also evaluated the stereoselective degradation of the stereoisomers in banana leaves under field test conditions. The Superchiral S-OX column successfully separated the four propiconazole stereoisomers. X-ray single-crystal diffraction confirmed that the absolute configuration of the cis-stereoisomer-(+)-A of propiconazole was (2R,4S)-propiconazole and that of the cis-stereoisomer-(-)-A of propiconazole was (2S,4R)-propiconazole. In vitro antibacterial results revealed that (2R,4S)-(+)-propiconazole had the highest activity against the two target plant fungi. In this study, a new and efficient high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of the four stereoisomeric residues of propiconazole in banana leaves. The mean recoveries of the method for the stereoisomers were 76.3-103% with relative standard deviations of 1.25-11.4%. The four propiconazole stereoisomers had a detection limit of 0.002-0.006 mg/kg and a limit of quantification of 0.02-0.03 mg/kg in banana leaves. Propiconazole-(-)-B and propiconazole-(-)-A degraded slightly faster than their corresponding enantiomers propiconazole-(+)-B and propiconazole-(+)-A in banana leaves collected from three typical banana production areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouying Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xiurou Meng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Lin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Deyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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Jian Y, Li Y, Tang G, Zheng X, Khaskheli MI, Gong G. Identification of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease of Strawberry in Sichuan Province, China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3025-3036. [PMID: 33749314 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-20-2114-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species, is a major fungal disease threatening the strawberry industry in Sichuan Province of southwestern China. However, research on identification of Colletotrichum species associated with strawberry anthracnose in Sichuan remains scarce. In this study, 73 representative Colletotrichum strains were isolated from diseased leaves, stolons, petioles, and crowns of 11 major strawberry-planting localities in Sichuan Province. Based on morphological characteristics and multiloci phylogenetic analysis, the Colletotrichum strains were identified as three distinct species: Colletotrichum fructicola (53 strains, 72.60%), Colletotrichum siamense (17 strains, 23.29%), and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu stricto (3 strains, 4.11%). Among them, C. fructicola was the most ubiquitous and dominant species, whereas C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto was restricted to Chongzhou. Importantly, our pathogenicity tests showed that C. fructicola and C. siamense can infect both leaves and stolons, whereas C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto was only pathogenic to leaves. Interestingly, although the sexual stage of C. siamense was not observed in this study, it still exhibited the strongest virulence to strawberry compared with C. gloeosporioides sensu stricto and C. fructicola. This is the first study to characterize Colletotrichum species causing strawberry anthracnose and evaluate their pathogenicity in Sichuan Province of southwestern China, which will provide a better strategy for accurate diagnosis and management of anthracnose disease in strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Jian
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Guiting Tang
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Southeast Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuling 408000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zheng
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Department of Plant Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Pakistan
| | - Guoshu Gong
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
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Zhu J, Xiong P, Li Z, Li J, Lin L, Fu X, Huang Y, Xiong Y, Li C. Antifungal sesquiterpenes with post-harvest anthracnose control effect on bananas from the fungus Fusarium lateritium. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:1245-1252. [PMID: 33445960 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1872569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To search for antifungal leads, the metabolites of an insect-derived fungus Fusarium lateritium ZMT01 were investigated, providing five sesquiterpenes (1-5), including new molecules microsphaeropsisins D and E (1 and 2). The evaluated antifungal activities in vitro which are higher than the positive control triadimefon include: 1 and 2 towards Fusarium oxysporum (MICs 50, 25 mg L-1; triadimefon 100 mg L-1); 1, 2, 4 and 5 towards Penicillium italicum (MICs 25, 12.5, 25, 25; triadimefon 50 mg L-1), 1, 2 and 4 towards Colletotrichum musae (MICs 25, 12.5, 25; triadimefon 80 mg L-1), 2 and 4 towards Fusarium graminearum (MICs 100, 100; triadimefon 150 mg L-1). The bioassay in vivo displayed that the banana anthracnose control effect of 2 (100 mg L-1) was also higher than that of triadimefon (Inhibition ratios 27.5 ± 2.5%, 55.3 ± 1.4%, 52.1 ± 1.3% for 2, 22.5 ± 2.1%, 47.2 ± 2.0%, 36.6 ± 2.2% for triadimefon at 4 d, 8 d and 12 d, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longsheng Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahong Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Wei LL, Chen WC, Zhao WC, Wang J, Wang BR, Li FJ, Wei MD, Guo J, Chen CJ, Zheng JQ, Wang K. Mutations and Overexpression of CYP51 Associated with DMI-Resistance in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Chili. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:668-676. [PMID: 31951509 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-19-1628-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chili anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is an annual production concern for growers in China. Sterol C14-demethylation inhibitors (DMIs, such as tebuconazole) have been widely used to control this disease for more than three decades. In the current study, of 48 isolates collected from commercial chili farms in Jiangsu Province of China during 2018 and 2019, 8 single-spore isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the rest were identified as C. acutatum. To determine whether the DMI resistance of isolates develops in the field, mycelial growth of the 48 isolates was measured in culture medium with and without tebuconazole. In all, 6 of the 8 C. gloeosporioides isolates were resistant to tebuconazole, but all 40 of the C. acutatum isolates were sensitive to tebuconazole. The fitness cost of resistance was low based on a comparison of fitness parameters between the sensitive and resistant isolates of C. gloeosporioides. Positive cross-resistance was observed between tebuconazole and difenconazole or propiconazole, but not prochloraz. Alignment results of the CgCYP51 amino acid sequences from the sensitive and resistant isolates indicated that mutations can be divided into three genotypes. Genotype I possessed four substitutions (V18F, L58V, S175P, and P341A) at the CgCYP51A gene but no substitutions at CgCYP51B, while genotype II had five substitutions (L58V, S175P, A340S, T379A, and N476T) at CgCYP51A, concomitant with three substitutions (D121N, T132A, and F391Y) at CgCYP51B. In addition, genotype III contained two substitutions (L58V and S175P) at CgCYP51A, concomitant with one substitution (T262A) at CgCYP51B. Molecular docking models illustrated that the affinity of tebuconazole to the binding site of the CgCYP51 protein from the resistant isolates was decreased when compared with binding site affinity of the sensitive isolates. Our findings provide not only novel insights into understanding the resistance mechanism to DMIs, but also some important references for resistance management of C. gloeosporioides on chili.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wen-Chan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bing-Ran Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng-Jie Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meng-di Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Agricultural Science Institute of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Chang-Jun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jia-Qiu Zheng
- Agricultural Science Institute of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Agricultural Science Institute of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224000, China
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Hyde KD, Norphanphoun C, Chen J, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, Hongsanan S, Jayawardena RS, Jeewon R, Perera RH, Thongbai B, Wanasinghe DN, Wisitrassameewong K, Tibpromma S, Stadler M. Thailand’s amazing diversity: up to 96% of fungi in northern Thailand may be novel. FUNGAL DIVERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-018-0415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Colletotrichum Species Causing Anthracnose of Rubber Trees in China. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10435. [PMID: 29992950 PMCID: PMC6041288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum is one of the most severe diseases of Hevea brasiliensis. However, research on the diversity and geographical distribution of Colletotrichum remains limited in China. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic diversity of Colletotrichum isolates associated with symptomatic tissues of H.brasiliensis from four provinces of China (Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan). Based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characteristics, five species were distinguished, including two known species (C. fructicola, C. siamense), one novel species of C. gloeosporioides species complex (C. ledongense), and two novel species of C. acutatum species complex (C. bannanense and C. australisinense). Of these, C. siamense and C. australisinense have been recognized as major causative agents of anthracnose of H. brasiliensis.
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Vieira WAS, Lima WG, Nascimento ES, Michereff SJ, Câmara MPS, Doyle VP. The impact of phenotypic and molecular data on the inference of Colletotrichum diversity associated with Musa. Mycologia 2018; 109:912-934. [PMID: 29494311 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1418577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Developing a comprehensive and reliable taxonomy for the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex will require adopting data standards on the basis of an understanding of how methodological choices impact morphological evaluations and phylogenetic inference. We explored the impact of methodological choices in a morphological and molecular evaluation of Colletotrichum species associated with banana in Brazil. The choice of alignment filtering algorithm has a significant impact on topological inference and the retention of phylogenetically informative sites. Similarly, the choice of phylogenetic marker affects the delimitation of species boundaries, particularly if low phylogenetic signal is confounded with strong discordance, and inference of the species tree from multiple-gene trees. According to both phylogenetic informativeness profiling and Bayesian concordance analyses, the most informative loci are DNA lyase (APN2), intergenic spacer (IGS) between DNA lyase and the mating-type locus MAT1-2-1 (APN2/MAT-IGS), calmodulin (CAL), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), glutamine synthetase (GS), β-tubulin (TUB2), and a new marker, the intergenic spacer between GAPDH and an hypothetical protein (GAP2-IGS). Cornmeal agar minimizes the variance in conidial dimensions compared with potato dextrose agar and synthetic nutrient-poor agar, such that species are more readily distinguishable based on phenotypic differences. We apply these insights to investigate the diversity of Colletotrichum species associated with banana anthracnose in Brazil and report C. musae, C. tropicale, C. theobromicola, and C. siamense in association with banana anthracnose. One lineage did not cluster with any previously described species and is described here as C. chrysophilum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie A S Vieira
- a Departamento de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Waléria G Lima
- a Departamento de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Nascimento
- a Departamento de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Sami J Michereff
- a Departamento de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Marcos P S Câmara
- a Departamento de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Vinson P Doyle
- b Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology , Louisiana State University AgCenter, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803
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Vieira WADS, Lima WG, Nascimento ES, Michereff SJ, Reis A, Doyle VP, Câmara MPS. Thiophanate-Methyl Resistance and Fitness Components of Colletotrichum musae Isolates from Banana in Brazil. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:1659-1665. [PMID: 30677331 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-16-1594-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum musae, is the most important postharvest disease of banana and is widely distributed among the banana production regions in Brazil. Although thiophanate-methyl is a fungicide frequently used in Brazilian banana orchards to control Sigatoka leaf spot, Collettotrichum populations are also exposed, resulting in the evolution of fungicide resistance and the inability to manage banana anthracnose. We investigated 139 Brazilian isolates of C. musae for thiophanate-methyl sensitivity in vitro. The 50% mycelial growth inhibition (EC50) values varied between 0.003 and 48.73 μg/ml. One-hundred and thirty isolates were classified as sensitive, with EC50 values ranging from 0.003 to 4.84 μg/ml, while the remaining nine isolates were considered moderately resistant, with EC50 values ranging between 10.43 and 48.73 μg/ml. Resistant or highly resistant isolates (EC50 > 100 μg/ml) were not found. A substitution of TAC for TTC at codon 200 in a coding region of the β-tubulin gene was associated with the moderately resistant phenotype. Applications of thiophanate-methyl formulation to detached banana fruit at the label rate (500 μg/ml) showed low efficacy in controlling the moderately resistant isolates on banana fruits. However, there is no indication of a reduction in fitness associated with fungicide resistance as sensitive and moderately resistant isolates do not differ with respect to mycelial growth rate (P = 0.098), spore production (P = 0.066), spore germination (P = 0.366), osmotic sensitivity (P = 0.051), and virulence (P = 0.057). Our results revealed absence of adaptability cost for the moderately resistant isolates, suggesting that they can be dominant in population if the fungicide continue to be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waléria Guerreiro Lima
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Souza Nascimento
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sami Jorge Michereff
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ailton Reis
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Vinson P Doyle
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Marcos Paz Saraiva Câmara
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Zhang K, Zhang N, Cai L. Typification and phylogenetic study of Phyllosticta ampelicida and P. vaccinii. Mycologia 2017; 105:1030-42. [DOI: 10.3852/12-392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 59 Dudley Road, Foran Hall 201, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
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Han YC, Zeng XG, Xiang FY, Ren L, Chen FY, Gu YC. Distribution and Characteristics of Colletotrichum spp. Associated with Anthracnose of Strawberry in Hubei, China. PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:996-1006. [PMID: 30686149 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-15-1016-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is a serious disease of strawberry. The etiology of anthracnose of strawberry is complex, and several Colletotrichum spp. have been regarded as causal agents. In the present study, multilocus (actin, β-tubulin, calmodulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and chitin synthase) phylogenetic analysis revealed that 100 isolates of Colletotrichum associated with anthracnose of strawberry in central China belong to five species. In total, 97 isolates were identified belonging to the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, with C. murrayae, C. gloeosporioides, C. fructicola, and C. aenigma accounting for 81, 8, 4, and 4% of the total isolates, respectively. Three isolates belonging to the C. acutatum complex were identified as C. nymphaeae. On inoculated strawberry plants, isolates of C. fructicola and C. murrayae species showed strong pathogenicity to both leaves and petioles of strawberry, with plant mortality 30 days after inoculation of 77.8 and 55.6%, respectively. C. gloeosporioides, C. aenigma, and C. nymphaeae showed strong pathogenicity to leaves but weak pathogenicity to petioles, with plant mortality 30 days after inoculation of 5.6, 16.7, and 11.1%, respectively. The five species were divided into four classes based on their maximum growth temperatures. Isolates of C. murrayae and C. gloeosporioides were more tolerant to high temperature (>34°C) than isolates of other species, followed by C. fructicola and C. aenigma. Isolates of C. nymphaeae, which are only distributed in areas of higher altitude (1,100 m), were highly sensitive to higher temperature. These results indicate that pathogenicity and adaptation to temperature are important factors in the distribution of Colletotrichum spp. on strawberry plants. This research may increase our understanding of how Colletotrichum spp. emerge and spread to geographical regions with different latitudes or elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Han
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - X G Zeng
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - F Y Xiang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - L Ren
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - F Y Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Y C Gu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Huang L, Li QC, Zhang Y, Li DW, Ye JR. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu stricto Is a Pathogen of Leaf Anthracnose on Evergreen Spindle Tree (Euonymus japonicus). PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:672-678. [PMID: 30688606 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-15-0740-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The genus Colletotrichum is considered the eighth most important group of plant-pathogenic fungi in the world due to its scientific and economic importance. Colletotrichum spp. cause anthracnose disease in a wide range of economically important plants. Euonymus japonicus Thunb. (Celastraceae) is a broad-leaved evergreen tree that is widely planted in the parks and landscapes of China. An anthracnose occurs on E. japonicus in China but there has been a disagreement on the identity of the fungal pathogen. In this study, the fungal isolate HYCG2-3 was determined by Koch's postulates to be a pathogen on E. japonicus. Based on the morphological and molecular methods, isolate HYCG2-3 was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu stricto within the C. gloeosporioides species complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- College of Forestry and Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Qiu-Cheng Li
- College of Forestry and Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Forestry and Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - De-Wei Li
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Valley Laboratory, Windsor 06095
| | - Jian-Ren Ye
- College of Forestry and Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
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Sharma G, Pinnaka AK, Shenoy BD. Resolving the Colletotrichum siamense species complex using ApMat marker. FUNGAL DIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-014-0312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Huang F, Fu Y, Nie D, Stewart JE, Peever TL, Li H. Identification of a novel phylogenetic lineage of Alternaria alternata causing citrus brown spot in China. Fungal Biol 2014; 119:320-30. [PMID: 25937061 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria alternata sensu lato, casual agent of citrus brown spot, first identified in Yunnan province in 2010 and subsequently found in Zhejiang, Hunan, Guangdong provinces, Chongqing municipality andGuangxi autonomous region in China. During 2010-2012, 86 isolates were collected from diseased citrus, of which 85 % isolates were pathogenic to Ponkan tangerine. Phylogenetic analyses of Chinese and worldwide isolates using partial sequences of an endopolygalacturonase gene (endoPG) and combined dataset ofendoPG and two anonymous loci (OPA1-3, OPA2-1) found that Chinese isolates fell into two of three previously described clades. One clade ('clade 3') contained isolates from Turkey and Israel, and the other clade ('clade 1') contained isolates from Florida, USA. None of the isolates from China fell into the last previously described clade ('clade 2'). However, 24 isolates from Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi fell into a fourth clade ('clade 4') not previously reported to be associated with citrus brown spot. This clade included multilocus haplotypes known to infect Japanese pear and strawberry. The observation that Chinese brown spot isolates fell into only two of three known worldwide lineages suggests that this fungus may not have co-evolved with its host in China but elsewhere in Southeast Asia and introduced to China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yushi Fu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Danni Nie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jane E Stewart
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Tobin L Peever
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164, USA
| | - Hongye Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Manamgoda DS, Udayanga D, Cai L, Chukeatirote E, Hyde KD. Endophytic Colletotrichum from tropical grasses with a new species C. endophytica. FUNGAL DIVERS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-013-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Bletilla ochracea (Orchidaceae), with descriptions of seven new speices. FUNGAL DIVERS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-013-0254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peng LJ, Sun T, Yang YL, Cai L, Hyde KD, Bahkali AH, Liu ZY. Colletotrichum species on grape in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, China. MYCOSCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tao G, Hyde KD, Cai L. Species-specific real-time PCR detection of Colletotrichum kahawae. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 114:828-35. [PMID: 23163978 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Colletotrichum kahawae is a strongly aggressive pathogen causing coffee berry disease and is specific to Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) in Africa. In this article, we developed a real-time PCR assay for the species-specific diagnosis of C. kahawae by designing the primers and a TaqMan probe derived from the single nucleotide polymorphism-rich region of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA markers from rDNA internal transcribed spacer, actin, β-tubulin and GAPDH genes of the ex-type culture of C. kahawae and 10 reference strains of Colletotrichum species were analysed for intra- and interspecific variations. The GAPDH gene was selected to develop a species-specific DNA marker. A TaqMan real-time PCR assay for species-specific detection of C. kahawae was developed, and its accuracy was tested against type strains of other phylogenetically closely related species in the C. gloeosporioides species complex, with the detection sensitivity of 80 fg μl(-1) of genomic DNA. CONCLUSIONS This real-time PCR assay is highly specific and sensitive for the diagnosis of C. kahawae and can be applied in qualitative and quantitative tests. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This protocol allows for a rapid and sensitive detection of C. kahawae and will be useful in disease management and pest detection to prevent further spread of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Colletotrichum acutatum is known as an important anthracnose pathogen of a wide range of host plants worldwide. Numerous studies have reported subgroups within the C. acutatum species complex. Multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis (ITS, ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, HIS3) of 331 strains previously identified as C. acutatum and other related taxa, including strains from numerous hosts with wide geographic distributions, confirmed the molecular groups previously recognised and identified a series of novel taxa. Thirty-one species are accepted, of which 21 have not previously been recognised. Colletotrichum orchidophilum clusters basal to the C. acutatum species complex. There is a high phenotypic diversity within this complex, and some of the species appear to have preferences to specific hosts or geographical regions. Others appear to be plurivorous and are present in multiple regions. In this study, only C. salicis and C. rhombiforme formed sexual morphs in culture, although sexual morphs have been described from other taxa (especially as laboratory crosses), and there is evidence of hybridisation between different species. One species with similar morphology to C. acutatum but not belonging to this species complex was also described here as new, namely C. pseudoacutatum. TAXONOMIC NOVELTIES New combinations - Colletotrichum limetticola (R.E. Clausen) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. lupini (Bondar) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. salicis (Fuckel) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous. New species - C. acerbum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. australe Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. brisbanense Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. cosmi Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. costaricense Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. cuscutae Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. guajavae Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. indonesiense Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. johnstonii Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. kinghornii Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. laticiphilum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. melonis Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. orchidophilum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. paxtonii Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. pseudoacutatum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous C. pyricola Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. rhombiforme Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. scovillei Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. sloanei Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. tamarilloi Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. walleri Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous. Typifications: Epitypifications - C. acutatum J.H. Simmonds, C. limetticola (R.E. Clausen) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. nymphaeae (Pass.) Aa, C. phormii (Henn.) D.F. Farr & Rossman, C. salicis (Fuckel) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous. Lectotypifications - C. nymphaeae (Pass.) Aa, C. orchidearum Allesch.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Damm
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P.F. Cannon
- CABI Europe-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AB, UK
| | - J.H.C. Woudenberg
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P.W. Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
A review is provided of the current state of understanding of Colletotrichum systematics, focusing on species-level data and the major clades. The taxonomic placement of the genus is discussed, and the evolution of our approach to species concepts and anamorph-teleomorph relationships is described. The application of multilocus technologies to phylogenetic analysis of Colletotrichum is reviewed, and selection of potential genes/loci for barcoding purposes is discussed. Host specificity and its relation to speciation and taxonomy is briefly addressed. A short review is presented of the current status of classification of the species clusters that are currently without comprehensive multilocus analyses, emphasising the orbiculare and destructivum aggregates. The future for Colletotrichum biology will be reliant on consensus classification and robust identification tools. In support of these goals, a Subcommission on Colletotrichum has been formed under the auspices of the International Commission on Taxonomy of Fungi, which will administer a carefully curated barcode database for sequence-based identification of species within the BioloMICS web environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.F. Cannon
- CABI Europe-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AB, UK
| | - U. Damm
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P.R. Johnston
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - B.S. Weir
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170 Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
The limit of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex is defined genetically, based on a strongly supported clade within the Colletotrichum ITS gene tree. All taxa accepted within this clade are morphologically more or less typical of the broadly defined C. gloeosporioides, as it has been applied in the literature for the past 50 years. We accept 22 species plus one subspecies within the C. gloeosporioides complex. These include C. asianum, C. cordylinicola, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. horii, C. kahawae subsp. kahawae, C. musae, C. nupharicola, C. psidii, C. siamense, C. theobromicola, C. tropicale, and C. xanthorrhoeae, along with the taxa described here as new, C. aenigma, C. aeschynomenes, C. alatae, C. alienum, C. aotearoa, C. clidemiae, C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro, C. salsolae, and C. ti, plus the nom. nov. C. queenslandicum (for C. gloeosporioides var. minus). All of the taxa are defined genetically on the basis of multi-gene phylogenies. Brief morphological descriptions are provided for species where no modern description is available. Many of the species are unable to be reliably distinguished using ITS, the official barcoding gene for fungi. Particularly problematic are a set of species genetically close to C. musae and another set of species genetically close to C. kahawae, referred to here as the Musae clade and the Kahawae clade, respectively. Each clade contains several species that are phylogenetically well supported in multi-gene analyses, but within the clades branch lengths are short because of the small number of phylogenetically informative characters, and in a few cases individual gene trees are incongruent. Some single genes or combinations of genes, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase, can be used to reliably distinguish most taxa and will need to be developed as secondary barcodes for species level identification, which is important because many of these fungi are of biosecurity significance. In addition to the accepted species, notes are provided for names where a possible close relationship with C. gloeosporioides sensu lato has been suggested in the recent literature, along with all subspecific taxa and formae speciales within C. gloeosporioides and its putative teleomorph Glomerella cingulata. TAXONOMIC NOVELTIES Name replacement - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New species - C. aenigma B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. aeschynomenes B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alatae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alienum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst, C. aotearoa B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. clidemiae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. salsolae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. ti B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New subspecies - C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. Typification: Epitypification - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.S. Weir
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P.R. Johnston
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - U. Damm
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Noireung P, Phoulivong S, Liu F, Cai L, Mckenzie EH, Chukeatirote E, Jones EBG, Bahkali AH, Hyde KD. Novel Species ofColletotrichumRevealed by Morphology and Molecular Analysis. CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOL 2012. [DOI: 10.7872/crym.v33.iss3.2012.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Cai L, Giraud T, Zhang N, Begerow D, Cai G, Shivas RG. The evolution of species concepts and species recognition criteria in plant pathogenic fungi. FUNGAL DIVERS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-011-0127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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