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Blondin DP, Haman F, Swibas TM, Hogan-Lamarre S, Dumont L, Guertin J, Richard G, Weissenburger Q, Hildreth KL, Schauer I, Panter S, Wyland L, Carpentier AC, Miao Y, Shi J, Juarez-Colunga E, Kohrt WM, Melanson EL. Brown adipose tissue metabolism in women is dependent on ovarian status. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E588-E601. [PMID: 38477875 PMCID: PMC11211003 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00077.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In rodents, loss of estradiol (E2) reduces brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolic activity. Whether E2 impacts BAT activity in women is not known. BAT oxidative metabolism was measured in premenopausal (n = 27; 35 ± 9 yr; body mass index = 26.0 ± 5.3 kg/m2) and postmenopausal (n = 25; 51 ± 8 yr; body mass index = 28.0 ± 5.0 kg/m2) women at room temperature and during acute cold exposure using [11C]acetate with positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomograph. BAT glucose uptake was also measured during acute cold exposure using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose. To isolate the effects of ovarian hormones from biological aging, measurements were repeated in a subset of premenopausal women (n = 8; 40 ± 4 yr; BMI = 28.0 ± 7.2 kg/m2) after 6 mo of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy to suppress ovarian hormones. At room temperature, there was no difference in BAT oxidative metabolism between premenopausal (0.56 ± 0.31 min-1) and postmenopausal women (0.63 ± 0.28 min-1). During cold exposure, BAT oxidative metabolism (1.28 ± 0.85 vs. 0.91 ± 0.63 min-1, P = 0.03) and net BAT glucose uptake (84.4 ± 82.5 vs. 29.7 ± 31.4 nmol·g-1·min-1, P < 0.01) were higher in premenopausal than postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women who underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, cold-stimulated BAT oxidative metabolism was reduced to a similar level (from 1.36 ± 0.66 min-1 to 0.91 ± 0.41 min-1) to that observed in postmenopausal women (0.91 ± 0.63 min-1). These results provide the first evidence in humans that reproductive hormones are associated with BAT oxidative metabolism and suggest that BAT may be a target to attenuate age-related reduction in energy expenditure and maintain metabolic health in postmenopausal women.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In rodents, loss of estrogen reduces brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. Whether this is true in humans is not known. We found that BAT oxidative metabolism and glucose uptake were lower in postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women. In premenopausal women who underwent ovarian suppression to reduce circulating estrogen, BAT oxidative metabolism was reduced to postmenopausal levels. Thus the loss of ovarian function in women leads to a reduction in BAT metabolic activity independent of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis P Blondin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - François Haman
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tracy M Swibas
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Sophie Hogan-Lamarre
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lauralyne Dumont
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jolan Guertin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Richard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Quentin Weissenburger
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kerry L Hildreth
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Irene Schauer
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Shelby Panter
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Liza Wyland
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - André C Carpentier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yubin Miao
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Jiayuan Shi
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Elizabeth Juarez-Colunga
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Edward L Melanson
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
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Jacob DW, Voshage AM, Harper JL, Limberg JK. Effect of oral hormonal contraceptive pill use on the hemodynamic response to the cold pressor test. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H1072-H1079. [PMID: 35486478 PMCID: PMC9142154 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00140.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute increases in sympathetic nervous system activity (SNA) often elicit peripheral vasoconstriction and increases in blood pressure (BP). Given sympathetic support of BP is modulated by ovarian sex hormones (e.g., estradiol), we sought to examine the effect of menstrual cycle and oral hormonal contraceptive pill (OC) phase on the hemodynamic response to acute increases in SNA. We hypothesized sympathoexcitation via cold pressor test (CPT) would elicit greater peripheral vasoconstriction and increases BP in females with natural menstrual cycles (NC) compared with females taking OC. We further hypothesized that SNA-mediated vasoconstriction would be attenuated during the high estradiol (HE) phase versus the low estradiol (LE) phase of the menstrual/pill cycle. Female NC (n = 11, 25 ± 1 yr) and OC (n = 10, 24 ± 1 yr) participants were studied during the LE (early follicular, placebo pill) and HE (late follicular, active pill) phase of the menstrual/pill cycle. BP (finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (HR, ECG), and forearm blood flow (FBF, venous occlusion plethysmography) were measured during a 5-min baseline and a 2-min CPT. CPT elicited an increase in BP in both groups (time, P < 0.01). During CPT, OC participants exhibited greater and sustained increases in HR compared with NC participants (group × time, P < 0.01). Higher HRs were met with increases in FBF in OC participants during the CPT, which was not observed in NC participants (group × time, P < 0.01). OC participants exhibit greater increases in HR, and paradoxical vasodilation during acute sympathetic activation compared with NC participants. Group differences are unaffected by menstrual/pill phase.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute increases in sympathetic nervous system activity often elicit peripheral vasoconstriction and increases in blood pressure (BP). Given sympathetic support of BP is modulated by ovarian sex hormones (e.g., estradiol), we sought to examine the effect of menstrual cycle and oral hormonal contraceptive pill (OC) phase on the hemodynamic response to acute increases in sympathetic nervous system activity via the cold pressor test. We show OC participants exhibit paradoxical vasodilation during acute sympathetic activation compared with participants with natural menstrual cycles; notably, group differences were unaffected by menstrual/pill phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dain W Jacob
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Aaron M Voshage
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jennifer L Harper
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jacqueline K Limberg
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Giles ED, Jackman MR, MacLean PS. Modeling Diet-Induced Obesity with Obesity-Prone Rats: Implications for Studies in Females. Front Nutr 2016; 3:50. [PMID: 27933296 PMCID: PMC5121240 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and the comorbidities associated with obesity are numerous. Over the last two decades, we and others have employed an outbred rat model to study the development and persistence of obesity, as well as the metabolic complications that accompany excess weight. In this review, we summarize the strengths and limitations of this model and how it has been applied to further our understanding of human physiology in the context of weight loss and weight regain. We also discuss how the approach has been adapted over time for studies in females and female-specific physiological conditions, such as menopause and breast cancer. As excess weight and the accompanying metabolic complications have become common place in our society, we expect that this model will continue to provide a valuable translational tool to establish physiologically relevant connections to the basic science studies of obesity and body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Giles
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX , USA
| | - Matthew R Jackman
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul S MacLean
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Usselman CW, Nielson CA, Luchyshyn TA, Gimon TI, Coverdale NS, Van Uum SHM, Shoemaker JK. Hormone phase influences sympathetic responses to high levels of lower body negative pressure in young healthy women. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R957-R963. [PMID: 27733385 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00190.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that sympathetic responses to baroreceptor unloading may be affected by circulating sex hormones. During lower body negative pressure at -30, -60, and -80 mmHg, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), heart rate, and blood pressure were recorded in women who were taking (n = 8) or not taking (n = 9) hormonal contraceptives. All women were tested twice, once during the low-hormone phase (i.e., the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and the placebo phase of hormonal contraceptive use), and again during the high-hormone phase (i.e., the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle and active phase of contraceptive use). During baroreceptor unloading, the reductions in stroke volume and resultant increases in MSNA and total peripheral resistance were greater in high-hormone than low-hormone phases in both groups. When normalized to the fall in stroke volume, increases in MSNA were no longer different between hormone phases. While stroke volume and sympathetic responses were similar between women taking and not taking hormonal contraceptives, mean arterial pressure was maintained during baroreceptor unloading in women not taking hormonal contraceptives but not in women using hormonal contraceptives. These data suggest that differences in sympathetic activation between hormone phases, as elicited by lower body negative pressure, are the result of hormonally mediated changes in the hemodynamic consequences of negative pressure, rather than centrally driven alterations to sympathetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte W Usselman
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chantelle A Nielson
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Torri A Luchyshyn
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tamara I Gimon
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole S Coverdale
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stan H M Van Uum
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Melanson EL, Gavin KM, Shea KL, Wolfe P, Wierman ME, Schwartz RS, Kohrt WM. Regulation of energy expenditure by estradiol in premenopausal women. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:975-81. [PMID: 26338457 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00473.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressing sex hormones in women for 1 wk reduces resting energy expenditure (REE). The effects of more chronic suppression on REE and other components of total energy expenditure (TEE), and whether the reduction in REE is specifically due to loss of estradiol (E2), are not known. We compared the effects of 5 mo of sex hormone suppression (gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist therapy, GnRHAG) with placebo (PL) or E2 add-back therapy on REE and the components of TEE. Premenopausal women received GnRHAG (leuprolide acetate 3.75 mg/mo) and were randomized to receive transdermal therapy that was either E2 (0.075 mg/d; n = 24; means ± SD, aged = 37 ± 8 yr, BMI = 27.3 ± 6.2 kg/m(2)) or placebo (n = 21; aged = 34 ± 9 yr, BMI = 26.8 ± 6.2 kg/m(2)). REE was measured by using a metabolic cart, and TEE, sleep EE (SEE), exercise EE (ExEE, 2 × 30 min bench stepping), non-Ex EE (NExEE), and the thermic effect of feeding (TEF) were measured by using whole room indirect calorimetry. REE decreased in GnRHAG+PL [mean (95% CI), -54 (-98, -15) kcal/d], but not GnRHAG+E2 [+6 (-33, +45) kcal/d] (difference in between-group changes, P < 0.05). TEE decreased in GnRHAG+PL [-128 (-214, -41) kcal/d] and GnRHAG+E2 [-96 (-159, -32) kcal/d], with no significant difference in between-group changes (P = 0.55). SEE decreased similarly in both GnRHAG+PL [-0.07 (-0.12, -0.03) kcal/min] and GnRHAG+E2 [-0.07 (-0.12, -0.02) kcal/min]. ExEE decreased in GnRHAG+PL [-0.46 (-0.79, -0.13) kcal/min], but not GnRHAG+E2 [-0.30 (-0.65, +0.06) kcal/min]. There were no changes in TEF or NExEE in either group. In summary, chronic pharmacologic suppression of sex hormones reduced REE and this was prevented by E2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward L Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Kathleen M Gavin
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Karen L Shea
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Pamela Wolfe
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and
| | - Margaret E Wierman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert S Schwartz
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
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Harvey RE, Hart EC, Charkoudian N, Curry TB, Carter JR, Fu Q, Minson CT, Joyner MJ, Barnes JN. Oral Contraceptive Use, Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity, and Systemic Hemodynamics in Young Women. Hypertension 2015; 66:590-7. [PMID: 26101348 PMCID: PMC4537364 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous female sex hormones influence muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), a regulator of arterial blood pressure and important factor in hypertension development. Although ≈80% of American women report using hormonal contraceptives sometime during their life, the influence of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) on MSNA and systemic hemodynamics remains equivocal. The goal of this study was to determine whether women taking OCs have altered MSNA and hemodynamics (cardiac output and total peripheral resistance) at rest during the placebo phase of OC use compared with women with natural menstrual cycles during the early follicular phase. We retrospectively analyzed data from studies in which healthy, premenopausal women (aged 18-35 years) participated. We collected MSNA values at rest and hemodynamic measurements in women taking OCs (n=53; 25±4 years) and women with natural menstrual cycles (n=74; 25±4 years). Blood pressure was higher in women taking OCs versus those with natural menstrual cycles (mean arterial pressure, 89±1 versus 85±1 mm Hg, respectively; P=0.01), although MSNA was similar in both groups (MSNA burst incidence, 16±1 versus 18±1 bursts/100 heartbeats, respectively; P=0.19). In a subset of women in which detailed hemodynamic data were available, those taking OCs (n=33) had similar cardiac output (4.9±0.2 versus 4.7±0.2 L/min, respectively; P=0.47) and total peripheral resistance (19.2±0.8 versus 20.0±0.9 U, respectively; P=0.51) as women with natural menstrual cycles (n=22). In conclusion, women taking OCs have higher resting blood pressure and similar MSNA and hemodynamics during the placebo phase of OC use when compared with naturally menstruating women in the early follicular phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronee E Harvey
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.).
| | - Emma C Hart
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Nisha Charkoudian
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Timothy B Curry
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Jason R Carter
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Qi Fu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Christopher T Minson
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Michael J Joyner
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
| | - Jill N Barnes
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.E.H., T.B.C., M.J.J., J.N.B.); School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (E.C.H.); Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (N.C.); Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton (J.R.C.); Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Q.F.); and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene (C.T.M.)
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Usselman CW, Gimon TI, Nielson CA, Luchyshyn TA, Coverdale NS, Van Uum SHM, Shoemaker JK. Menstrual cycle and sex effects on sympathetic responses to acute chemoreflex stress. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 308:H664-71. [PMID: 25527774 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00345.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of sex (males vs. females) and sex hormones (menstrual cycle phases in women) on sympathetic responsiveness to severe chemoreflex activation in young, healthy individuals. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was measured at baseline and during rebreathing followed by a maximal end-inspiratory apnea. In women, baseline MSNA was greater in the midluteal (ML) than early-follicular (EF) phase of the menstrual cycle. Baseline MSNA burst incidence was greater in men than women, while burst frequency and total MSNA were similar between men and women only in the ML phase. Chemoreflex activation evoked graded increases in MSNA burst frequency, amplitude, and total activity in all participants. In women, this sympathoexcitation was greater in the EF than ML phase. The sympathoexcitatory response to chemoreflex stimulation of the EF phase in women was also greater than in men. Nonetheless, changes in total peripheral resistance were similar between sexes and menstrual cycle phases. This indicates that neurovascular transduction was attenuated during the EF phase during chemoreflex activation, thereby offsetting the exaggerated sympathoexcitation. Chemoreflex-induced increases in mean arterial pressure were similar across sexes and menstrual cycle phases. During acute chemoreflex stimulation, reduced neurovascular transduction could provide a mechanism by which apnea-associated morbidity might be attenuated in women relative to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte W Usselman
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tamara I Gimon
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chantelle A Nielson
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Torri A Luchyshyn
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole S Coverdale
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stan H M Van Uum
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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