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Ludolphy C, Kierdorf U, Kierdorf H. Antlers of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) as monitoring units to assess lead pollution in a floodplain contaminated by historical metal ore mining, processing, and smelting in the Harz Mountains, Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 302:119080. [PMID: 35245617 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead concentrations in hard antlers of adult European roebucks (Capreolus capreolus) were analyzed to assess lead exposure of roe deer roaming the floodplain of the Innerste River, a river system contaminated due to historical metal ore mining, processing, and smelting in its upper reaches. Antler lead concentrations of roebucks culled in the period 1939-2018 within or close to the Innerste floodplain ranged between <0.17 mg Pb/kg (limit of detection) and 51.5 mg Pb/kg (air-dry weight). Median lead concentration in antlers of roebucks culled within the floodplain was 11.1 mg Pb/kg, compared to 2.3 mg Pb/kg in antlers of bucks culled in the floodplain vicinity (P < 0.01). Sampling year had no significant effect on antler lead concentrations (P = 0.748). Lead isotope ratios of antlers from the Innerste downstream area (206Pb/207Pb: 1.179-1.181; 208Pb/206Pb: 2.083-2.085) fell within the range of those reported for hydrothermal vein deposits from the upper catchment area of the Innerste River in the Harz Mountains. Our study demonstrates the long-lasting impact of the historical metal ore mining, processing, and smelting in the Harz Mountains on lead pollution in floodplains of rivers draining this area and the lead exposure of wild herbivores inhabiting the floodplains. Furthermore, it highlights the suitability of roe deer antlers for monitoring environmental lead levels and the usefulness of lead isotope signatures in antlers for source apportionment of lead pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Ludolphy
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Horst Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany.
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Ludolphy C, Kierdorf U, Kierdorf H. Lead concentrations in antlers of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from an agricultural area in Northern Germany over a 119-year period-a historical biomonitoring study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56069-56078. [PMID: 34047901 PMCID: PMC8500883 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the lead content in antlers of 90 adult European roe bucks (Capreolus capreolus) that had been culled between 1901 and 2019 in an agricultural-dominated hunting district in Lower Saxony (Northern Germany). Antler lead values ranged between 0.2 and 10.9 mg/kg dry weight. Median lead concentration was highest after World War II, during a period (1956-1984) of rapidly increasing mass motorization and use of leaded gasoline. Lead levels in antlers decreased markedly after the phase-out of leaded gasoline, but high values were still found in some recently collected antlers. This could indicate persistent lead pollution from former use of lead additives to gasoline, other traffic-related sources, or from agricultural sources (e.g., sewage sludge, fertilizers). This study highlights the suitability of analyzing roe deer antlers for the historical monitoring of changing lead levels in the environment. By collecting antlers and providing them for study, local hunters can significantly contribute to environmental surveillance and the monitoring of environmental pollution by bone-seeking contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Ludolphy
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Horst Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany.
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Islam MS, Mostafa MG. Meta-analysis and risk assessment of fluoride contamination in groundwater. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1194-1216. [PMID: 33420754 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of meta-analysis and risk assessment of the global pooled concentration of fluoride and identify the influencing factors of fluoride loads in groundwater. The study extracted data from 36 most prevalent regions of 20 countries in the world through various search engines using keywords as well as Boolean operators and follows the PRISMA statement in every phase of literature searching. The study illustrated the pooled concentration of fluoride in the selected 20 countries was 2.1267 mg/L (1.650, 2.604) at 95% confidence interval, which was higher than the WHO standards limit of 1.5 mg/L. The results of the meta-analysis suggested that pH, Na, HCO3 and rainfall was significantly positively correlated (r = ~0.4; p ˂ 0.05) to fluoride and has a weak correction with the other parameters such as local temperature, altitude, water depth, EC, Ca, and Mg (r = -0.064 to +0.214; p ˂ 0.05). Concerning, the risk assessment through oral and dermal route exposure revealed that the consumers in most of the regions were at considerable risk, and the children were more vulnerable than the adults (THQ > 1). The study findings would help to take measures for safe water supply in the affected areas. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The calculated pooled concentration of fluoride was 2.1267 mg/L (1.650, 2.604) at 95% CI in groundwater of the study areas. Climatic conditions and lithological composition are the key controlling factors for groundwater fluoride contamination. Semi-arid and arid regions are significantly affected by fluoride rather than humid areas. Regarding fluorosis in selected regions, children (78%) are more vulnerable than adults (23%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shajedul Islam
- Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M G Mostafa
- Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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Giżejewska A, Fattebert J, Nawrocka A, Szkoda J, Żmudzki J, Jaroszewski J, Giżejewski Z. Temporal trends (1953-2012) of toxic and essential elements in red deer antlers from northeastern Poland. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:128055. [PMID: 33113660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Red deer antlers have a number of advantages that make them a unique material for monitoring trace elements. As antlers are shed and regrown every year, results of toxicological investigations can be applied to a particular region and time. We analyzed the content of four toxic (Pb, Cd, Hg, As) and three essential (Cu, Zn, Fe) trace elements in 254 red deer antler samples spanning between 1953 and 2012. Age of stags did not influence concentrations of analyzed elements in antlers, except for Zn whose level increased with age. The highest concentrations of toxic elements occurred at the beginning of the analyzed period. Levels of Pb, Hg and Zn in antlers decreased over the course of the study. Levels of Cd and As were low and presented a steady trend. Variations in the levels of the analyzed elements in red deer antlers are considered to reflect levels of exposure of animals in their habitat over the sixty-year study period. The range of essential element levels did not indicate any contamination. Environmental conditions in the Mazury Region during the last decades appeared to have improved significantly, as established by declining trends of toxic elements levels in deer antlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Giżejewska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 2 Oczapowskiego Str., 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland; Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory, 1174 Snowy Range Road, 82072, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - Julien Fattebert
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, 4000, Durban, South Africa; Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Ave., Dept. 3166, 82071, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Agnieszka Nawrocka
- The National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Józef Szkoda
- The National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Jan Żmudzki
- The National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jaroszewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 2 Oczapowskiego Str., 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zygmunt Giżejewski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Str., 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
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Buzan E, Potušek S, Urzi F, Pokorny B, Šprem N. Genetic characterisation of wild ungulates: successful isolation and analysis of DNA from widely available bones can be cheap, fast and easy. Zookeys 2020; 965:141-156. [PMID: 32973384 PMCID: PMC7483325 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.965.54862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic characterisation of wild ungulates can be a useful tool in wildlife management and in obtaining a greater understanding of their biological and ecological roles in a wider spatiotemporal context. Different ways of optimising methodologies and reducing the costs of genetic analyses using widely available bone tissues collected within regular hunting allocations were examined. Successful isolation and analysis of DNA from widely available bones can be cheap, fast and easy. In particular, this study explored the possibility of using bones for extracting high quality nuclear DNA for microsatellite analysis. The utility of applying a modified demineralisation process using two commercially available DNA isolation kits, which differ significantly in price, was evaluated. The sample sets included bones and, for comparison, muscle tissues from four wild ungulate species: chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). For the recent bones, these results confirmed that the DNA concentrations and microsatellite amplification were sufficiently high, even when using low-cost kits, after prior demineralisation. For old bones, prior demineralisation and use of a specially designed isolation kit led to a more successful extraction of DNA. Besides reducing kit-related costs, low-cost kits are much faster and therefore make genetic analysis more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Buzan
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, 6000, Koper, SloveniaUniversity of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
- Environmental Protection College, Trg mladosti 7, 3320, Velenje, SloveniaEnvironmental Protection CollegeVelenjeSlovenia
| | - Sandra Potušek
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, 6000, Koper, SloveniaUniversity of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
| | - Felicita Urzi
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, 6000, Koper, SloveniaUniversity of PrimorskaKoperSlovenia
| | - Boštjan Pokorny
- Environmental Protection College, Trg mladosti 7, 3320, Velenje, SloveniaEnvironmental Protection CollegeVelenjeSlovenia
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, SloveniaUniversity of ZagrebZagrebSlovenia
| | - Nikica Šprem
- Department of Fisheries, Apiculture, Wildlife Management and Special Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
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Cappelli J, Ceacero F, Landete‐Castillejos T, Gallego L, García A. Smaller does not mean worse: variation of roe deer antlers from two distant populations in their mechanical and structural properties and mineral profile. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Cappelli
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
| | - F. Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - T. Landete‐Castillejos
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM) Albacete Spain
| | - L. Gallego
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
| | - A. García
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM) Albacete Spain
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Landete-Castillejos T, Kierdorf H, Gomez S, Luna S, García AJ, Cappelli J, Pérez-Serrano M, Pérez-Barbería J, Gallego L, Kierdorf U. Antlers - Evolution, development, structure, composition, and biomechanics of an outstanding type of bone. Bone 2019; 128:115046. [PMID: 31446115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antlers are bony appendages of deer that undergo periodic regeneration from the top of permanent outgrowths (the pedicles) of the frontal bones. Of the "less familiar" bone types whose study was advocated by John Currey to gain a better understanding of structure-function relationships of mineralized tissues and organs, antlers were of special interest to him. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the evolution, development, structure, mineralization, and biomechanics of antlers and how their formation is affected by environmental factors like nutrition. Furthermore, the potential role of antlers as a model in bone biology and several fields of biomedicine as well as their use as a monitoring tool in environmental studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Landete-Castillejos
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - H Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - S Gomez
- Universidad de Cádiz, 11071 Cádiz, Spain
| | - S Luna
- Universidad de Cádiz, 11071 Cádiz, Spain
| | - A J García
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - J Cappelli
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - J Pérez-Barbería
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - L Gallego
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - U Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
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Mukherjee I, Singh UK. Groundwater fluoride contamination, probable release, and containment mechanisms: a review on Indian context. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:2259-2301. [PMID: 29572620 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride contamination in the groundwater has got great attention in last few decades due to their toxicity, persistent capacity and accumulation in human bodies. There are several sources of fluoride in the environment and different pathways to enter in the drinking water resources, which is responsible for potential effect on human health. Presence of high concentration of fluoride ion in groundwater is a major issue and it makes the water unsuitable for drinking purpose. Availability of fluoride in groundwater indicates various geochemical processes and subsurface contamination of a particular area. Fluoride-bearing aquifers, geological factors, rate of weathering, ion-exchange reaction, residence time and leaching of subsurface contaminants are major responsible factors for availability of fluoride in groundwater. In India, several studies have reported that the groundwater of several states are contaminated with high fluoride. The undesirable level of fluoride in groundwater is one of the most natural groundwater quality problem, which affects large portion of arid and semiarid regions of India. Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and West Bengal are the relatively high-fluoride-contaminated states in India. Chronic ingestion of high doses of fluoride-rich water leads to fluorosis on human and animal. Over 66 million Indian populations are at risk due to excess fluoride-contaminated water. Therefore, groundwater contamination subject to undesirable level of fluoride needs urgent attention to understand the role of geochemistry, hydrogeology and climatic factors along with anthropogenic inputs in fluoride pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Mukherjee
- Integrated Science Education and Research Centre (ISERC), Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Umesh Kumar Singh
- Integrated Science Education and Research Centre (ISERC), Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Hard antlers of deer are unique bioindicators of environmental metal pollutions, but sampling methods presented in the literature are inconsistent. Due to the specific growth pattern of antlers and their histological structure, sampling methods described in the literature were reviewed, the suitability of using mixed samples of both antler layers as element bioindicators was assessed, and the codified method of antler sampling used for bioindication was described. Material and Methods: Lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, zinc, and iron in trabecular and cortical parts of hard antlers of red deer (Cervus elaphus) were determined using different methods of atomic absorption spectrometry (depending on the element). Results: Mean mercury content in trabecular bone (0.010 ±0.018 mg/kg) was 5 times higher than in cortical bone (0.002 ±0.003 mg/kg). Mean iron concentration was approximately 15 times higher in trabecular (239.83 ±130.15 mg/kg) than in cortical bone (16.17 ±16.44 mg/kg). Concentrations of other analysed elements did not differ statistically between antler layers. Conclusion: In mixed antler samples, concentrations of mercury and iron depend on the particular antler layer contents. This therefore warrants caution when comparing results across studies and specification of the sampling methodology of antlers is highly recommended.
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Jabłońska M, Kramarczyk M, Smieja-Król B, Janeczek J. Barium concentration in cast roe deer antlers related to air pollution caused by burning of barium-enriched coals in southern Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5978-82. [PMID: 26817473 PMCID: PMC4819919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of Ba, Zn, Pb, Fe, and Mn were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy in freshly cast antlers from male roe deer of different ages (2 to 4 years old and older than 4 years) collected in Balin near Chrzanów and in the vicinity of Żywiec, S Poland. Barium content ranged from 124 to 196 ppm (mean 165 ppm) in the Balin 12 samples and from 207 to 351 ppm (mean 287 ppm) in 3 antlers from Żywiec. The concentration of Ba was comparable to that of Zn (134-275 ppm, mean 169 ppm). Elevated concentrations of Ba in antlers most probably originated from direct uptake of airborne barite nanocrystals through the respiratory system and/or by digestion of barite-rich dust particles deposited on plants. Burning of Ba-enriched coals is regarded as the principal source of Ba in the investigated areas inhabited by roe deer. Increased concentrations of Ba in antlers from the Żywiec area compared to Balin reflect particularly high air pollution caused by coal-burning mostly for domestic purposes combined with an unfavorable topography that impedes efficient air circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jabłońska
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M Kramarczyk
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - B Smieja-Król
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - J Janeczek
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
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11
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO 4): occurrence and properties. Prog Biomater 2015; 5:9-70. [PMID: 27471662 PMCID: PMC4943586 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-015-0045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present overview is intended to point the readers' attention to the important subject of calcium orthophosphates (CaPO4). This type of materials is of the special significance for the human beings because they represent the inorganic part of major normal (bones, teeth and antlers) and pathological (i.e., those appearing due to various diseases) calcified tissues of mammals. For example, atherosclerosis results in blood vessel blockage caused by a solid composite of cholesterol with CaPO4, while dental caries and osteoporosis mean a partial decalcification of teeth and bones, respectively, that results in replacement of a less soluble and harder biological apatite by more soluble and softer calcium hydrogenorthophosphates. Therefore, the processes of both normal and pathological calcifications are just an in vivo crystallization of CaPO4. Similarly, dental caries and osteoporosis might be considered as in vivo dissolution of CaPO4. In addition, natural CaPO4 are the major source of phosphorus, which is used to produce agricultural fertilizers, detergents and various phosphorus-containing chemicals. Thus, there is a great significance of CaPO4 for the humankind and, in this paper, an overview on the current knowledge on this subject is provided.
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12
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Ramesh T, Kalle R, Sankar K, Qureshi Q, Downs CT. Aspects of breeding biology of chital (Axis axis) and sambar (Rusa unicolor) in the Western Ghats. Acta Ethol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-013-0145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Rodríguez-Estival J, Álvarez-Lloret P, Rodríguez-Navarro AB, Mateo R. Chronic effects of lead (Pb) on bone properties in red deer and wild boar: relationship with vitamins A and D3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 174:142-9. [PMID: 23262069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we study the occurrence of abnormalities on bone tissue composition and turnover mechanisms through the Pb-mediated disruption of vitamins A and D in wild ungulates living in a lead (Pb)-polluted mining area. Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) from the mining area had significantly higher liver and bone Pb levels than controls, which were associated with the depletion of liver retinyl esters and the corresponding increase of free retinol levels both in deer and boar from the mining area. Pb-exposed adult deer had lower carbonate content in bone mineral than controls, which was associated with the increased free retinol percentage. In wild boar, the degree of bone mineralization was also positively associated with higher burdens of retinyl esters. These results suggest that Pb-associated changes in bone composition and mineralization is likely influenced by the depletion of vitamin A in wildlife exposed to environmental Pb pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Rodríguez-Estival
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Gomez S, Garcia AJ, Luna S, Kierdorf U, Kierdorf H, Gallego L, Landete-Castillejos T. Labeling studies on cortical bone formation in the antlers of red deer (Cervus elaphus). Bone 2013; 52:506-15. [PMID: 23000508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The formation and mineralization process of antlers, which constitute the fastest growing bones in vertebrates, is still not fully understood. We used oxytetracycline injections to label different stages of bone formation in antlers of 14 red deer between days 28 and 156 of antler growth. Results show that initially a trabecular scaffold of woven bone is formed which largely replaces a pre-existing scaffold of mineralized cartilage. Lamellar bone is then deposited and from about day 70 onwards, primary osteons fill in the longitudinal tubes lined by the scaffold in a proximal to distal sequence. Mineral apposition rate (MAR) in early stages of primary osteon formation is very high (average 2.15 μm/d). Lower MARs were recorded for later stages of primary osteon formation (1.56 μm/d) and for the smaller secondary osteons (0.89 μm/d). Results suggest a peak in mineral demand around day 100 when the extent of mineralizing surfaces is maximal. A few secondary osteons were formed in a process of antler modeling rather than remodeling, as it occurred simultaneously with formation of primary osteons. The degree of cortical porosity reflects a reduction in MAR during later stages of osteonal growth, whereas cortical thickness is determined earlier. Injections given when the antlers were largely or completely clean from velvet produced no labels in antler bone, strongly suggesting that antlers are dead after velvet shedding. The rapidity of antler mineralization and the short lifespan of antlers make them an extraordinary model to assess the effects of chemicals impairing or promoting bone mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gomez
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Cadiz, Falla 9, 11071 Cadiz, Spain
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Kierdorf U, Bahelková P, Sedláček F, Kierdorf H. Pronounced reduction of fluoride exposure in free-ranging deer in North Bohemia (Czech Republic) as indicated by the biomarkers skeletal fluoride content and dental fluorosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 414:686-695. [PMID: 22137477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wild deer have been recommended as bioindicators of fluoride pollution. We compared bone fluoride concentrations and prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in free-ranging European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from five counties in the northwestern part of the Czech Republic that had been collected by hunters and whose mandibles were presented at trophy exhibitions in the years 1996/1997 ("early period") and 2009 ("late period"). Data on atmospheric fluoride deposition suggested that the deer from the early period had been exposed to markedly higher fluoride levels than those from the late period. We therefore predicted a decline in skeletal fluoride levels and prevalence of dental fluorosis for both species from the early to the late period. Fluoride concentrations were determined in the coronoid process of the mandible, and assessment of dental fluorosis was performed on the permanent cheek teeth. A pronounced drop in fluoride concentrations from the early period (roe deer (n = 157), median: 3147 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone; red deer (n = 127), median: 1263 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone) to the late period (roe deer (n = 117), median: 350 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone; red deer (n = 72), median: 288 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone) was recorded. Prevalence of dental fluorosis also markedly declined from the early to the late period (roe deer: from 93% to 12%, red deer: from 87% to 28%). The reduction of fluoride deposition in the study area and, in consequence, fluoride exposure of the resident deer populations, is attributed largely to the implementation of emission control devices in the brown coal-fired power plants located in North Bohemia from the mid 1990s onwards. The findings of the present study demonstrate that wild deer are well suited for monitoring temporal changes in fluoride pollution of their habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Marienburger Platz 22, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany.
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16
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphates: occurrence, properties, biomineralization, pathological calcification and biomimetic applications. BIOMATTER 2011; 1:121-64. [PMID: 23507744 PMCID: PMC3549886 DOI: 10.4161/biom.18790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present overview is intended to point the readers' attention to the important subject of calcium orthophosphates. This type of materials is of special significance for human beings, because they represent the inorganic part of major normal (bones, teeth and antlers) and pathological (i.e., those appearing due to various diseases) calcified tissues of mammals. For example, atherosclerosis results in blood vessel blockage caused by a solid composite of cholesterol with calcium orthophosphates, while dental caries and osteoporosis mean a partial decalcification of teeth and bones, respectively, that results in replacement of a less soluble and harder biological apatite by more soluble and softer calcium hydrogenphosphates. Therefore, the processes of both normal and pathological calcifications are just an in vivo crystallization of calcium orthophosphates. Similarly, dental caries and osteoporosis might be considered an in vivo dissolution of calcium orthophosphates. Thus, calcium orthophosphates hold a great significance for humankind, and in this paper, an overview on the current knowledge on this subject is provided.
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Abstract
The present overview is intended to point the readers’ attention to the important subject of calcium orthophosphates. These materials are of the special significance because they represent the inorganic part of major normal (bones, teeth and dear antlers) and pathological (i.e. those appearing due to various diseases) calcified tissues of mammals. Due to a great chemical similarity with the biological calcified tissues, many calcium orthophosphates possess remarkable biocompatibility and bioactivity. Materials scientists use this property extensively to construct artificial bone grafts that are either entirely made of or only surface-coated with the biologically relevant calcium ortho-phosphates. For example, self-setting hydraulic cements made of calcium orthophosphates are helpful in bone repair, while titanium substitutes covered by a surface layer of calcium orthophosphates are used for hip joint endoprostheses and as tooth substitutes. Porous scaffolds made of calcium orthophosphates are very promising tools for tissue engineering applications. In addition, technical grade calcium orthophosphates are very popular mineral fertilizers. Thus ere calcium orthophosphates are of great significance for humankind and, in this paper, an overview on the current knowledge on this subject is provided.
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Lead concentrations and lead and strontium stable-isotope ratios in teeth of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-007-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fickel J, Wagener A, Ludwig A. Semen cryopreservation and the conservation of endangered species. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-007-0089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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