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Ioakeim-Skoufa I, Clerencia-Sierra M, Moreno-Juste A, Elías de Molins Peña C, Poblador-Plou B, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo M, González-Rubio F, Prados-Torres A, Gimeno-Miguel A. Multimorbidity Clusters in the Oldest Old: Results from the EpiChron Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10180. [PMID: 36011814 PMCID: PMC9408216 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multimorbidity is challenging for both patients and healthcare systems due to its increasing prevalence and high impact on people's health and well-being. The risk of multimorbidity increases with age, but there is still more to discover regarding the clinical profile of the oldest old. In this study, we used information from the EpiChron Cohort Study to identify multimorbidity patterns in individuals who died during the period 2010-2019 at the ages of 80-89, 90-99, and ≥100. This cohort links the demographic, clinical, and drug dispensation information of public health system users in Aragón, Spain. We saw a significantly lower number of chronic diseases and drugs and a lower prevalence of polypharmacy in centenarians compared to those aged 80-99. K-means clustering revealed different multimorbidity clusters by sex and age group. We observed clusters of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, obstructive pulmonary conditions, and neoplasms, amongst other profiles. One in three octogenarian women had a metabolic pattern (diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and other endocrine-metabolic disorders) with the highest number of diseases (up to seven) and prevalence of polypharmacy (64%). We observed clusters of dementia and genitourinary disorders in individuals on medication with anticholinergic activity. Our study offers an opportunity to better understand the urgency of adequately addressing multimorbidity in our older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Department of Drug Statistics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Drug Utilization Work Group, Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), ES-08009 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clerencia-Sierra
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Moreno-Juste
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Poblador-Plou
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Pharmacy Service Zaragoza III, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), ES-50017 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisca González-Rubio
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Drug Utilization Work Group, Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), ES-08009 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Prados-Torres
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gimeno-Miguel
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Patients (REDISSEC), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), ISCIII, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Rasmussen SH, Gill S, Jeune B, Nybo M, Christensen K, Andersen-Ranberg K. Improved cardiovascular profile in Danish centenarians? A comparative study of two birth cohorts born 20 years apart. Eur Geriatr Med 2022; 13:977-986. [PMID: 35218555 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-022-00620-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular health among middle-aged and older people has improved in high-income countries. It is unknown whether this also applies for the oldest-old and if so, is it driven by better treatment or by a health improvement? Therefore, we compared two Danish centenarian birth cohorts born in 1895 and 1915, respectively, to investigate if the cardiovascular profile had improved in the most recent born cohort. METHODS All individuals turning 100 years old in 1995 and 2015, respectively, were included with participation rates of 74% (n = 106) and 79% (n = 238), respectively. Data were collected through structured in-home interviews. Cardiovascular profile was obtained by measured blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and information on medication. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. RESULTS Mean SBP and DBP were almost identical in the two cohorts. Yet, the prevalence of measured hypertension was non-significantly higher in the 1895 cohort [73%, 95% CI (61;82)] compared to the 1915 cohort [63%, 95% CI (55;70)]. The proportion receiving at least one type of cardiovascular drug was significantly higher in the 1915 cohort [80%, 95% CI (74;86)] compared to 1895 cohort [66%, 95% CI 55;76)]. ECG findings were similar in the two cohorts, e.g., atrial fibrillation was present in 17% of the 1895 cohort and 20% of the 1915 cohort. CONCLUSION This comparison study found a non-significant improvement in measured hypertension irrespective of medical treatment in the recent born cohort. Also, the recent born cohort was treated more intensively with cardiovascular drugs than earlier. However, the prevalence of pathological ECG-findings was unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Høi Rasmussen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
- Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Sabine Gill
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bernard Jeune
- Department of Public Health, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mads Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen Andersen-Ranberg
- Department of Public Health, Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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3
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Eggert S, Wenzel A, Suhr R, Gellert P, Dräger D. Caregiving adult children's perceptions of challenges relating to the end of life of their centenarian parents. Scand J Caring Sci 2020; 35:1086-1095. [PMID: 33107662 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of centenarians in Europe is increasing; many face health impairments. Adult children often play a key role in their care, but there is a lack of research into what it means for these caregiving relatives to be confronted for many years with their parents' end of life (EOL), dying and death as well as their own advancing age. AIM This study aims to analyse the challenges of caregiving adult children regarding their parents' end of life and the related burdens and barriers they report. MATERIAL AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 caregivers following a theory-based and tested guideline. The computer-aided coding and evaluation followed the structured content analysis approach. RESULTS The analysis showed three main themes: 'Confronting EOL', 'Communicating about death and dying' and 'Assisting in the terminal phase'. The respondents commented on burdensome demands and concerns about the future. Further, a strong underlying presence of intra- and interpersonal conflicts relating to EOL became apparent. DISCUSSION The results indicate several potential burdens for centenarians' caregiving offspring. They are confronted with a double challenge resulting from the combination of their own advanced age and experiencing the burdens of their parents' very old age. Further, some participants struggled with their own unclear perspective on the future because of the relative but unclear proximity of the parent's death. Multiple conflicts and overlapping conflict dimensions emphasise the potential of the EOL topic to influence the well-being of family caregivers and care recipients. LIMITATIONS The convenience sample used for the study may cause limitations, for example, the fact that persons with a formally lower educational status are not represented. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that interventions designed for family-related care situations should include topics like 'Finiteness and grief', 'Communicating about dying and death' and 'Decisions and dispositions at EOL'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Eggert
- Centre for Quality in Care (ZQP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Arlett Wenzel
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Suhr
- Centre for Quality in Care (ZQP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Gellert
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Dräger
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Berlin, Germany
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Kelfve S. Underestimated Health Inequalities Among Older People-A Consequence of Excluding the Most Disabled and Disadvantaged. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 74:e125-e134. [PMID: 28369563 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study analyzed whether estimates of health inequalities in old age are sensitive to the exclusion of people living in institutions and nonuse of proxy interviews. METHOD Pooled data from the 2004 wave (n = 1,180, aged 69-100, primarily interviewed over the phone) and the 2011 wave (n = 931, aged 76-101, primarily interviewed face-to-face) of the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old were used to compare absolute and relative differences in disability and mortality between people with compulsory education and people with more than compulsory education. RESULTS Both absolute and relative health inequalities would have been underestimated in a survey that excluded institutionalized people and proxy-interviewed community dwellers. The same patterns were found in men and women and regardless of the mode of data collection (telephone or face-to-face interview). The degree of underestimation was lower in those 85 years and older than in those 69 to 84 years. DISCUSSION A survey that only includes people who live in the community and can participate without the help of a proxy might give the impression that those with low levels of education have less extensive health disadvantages than they actually have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kelfve
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Sweden.,National Institute for the Study of Ageing and Later Life (NISAL), Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
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Rasmussen SH, Thinggaard M, Højgaard MB, Jeune B, Christensen K, Andersen-Ranberg K. Improvement in Activities of Daily Living Among Danish Centenarians?-A Comparative Study of Two Centenarian Cohorts Born 20 Years Apart. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1125-1131. [PMID: 28595320 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the continued rise in the proportion of the oldest-old in high-income countries, it is of interest to know whether the functional health of today's oldest-olds is better or worse than in previous cohorts. Using two Danish centenarian birth cohorts born 20 years apart we aimed at investigating if the later born cohort had better functioning in terms of activities of daily living (ADL). Methods Identification, methodology, and assessment instruments were identical in the 1895-West and 1915-West Birth Cohort Studies: All persons living in the western part of Denmark and turning 100 years old in 1995 and 2015, respectively. Data were collected through structured in-home interviews. Participation rates were 74% (n = 106) and 79% (n = 238), respectively. Results The proportion of nondisabled women of the 1915-West cohort was more than twice as high compared to the 1895-West cohort and with corresponding lower proportions of moderately and severely disabled persons (17% vs 7%, 33% vs 40% and 50% vs 53% in the 1915-West and 1895-West cohorts, respectively, p = .047). Only nonsignificant improvements were seen among men in the 1915-West cohort. In both sexes, considerably higher proportions of the latest cohort used assistive devices than the former (statistically significant for the majority of assistive devices). Conclusion This comparative study shows improvements in reported ADL in the later born cohort of centenarians, even though only significant among women. As women constitute the majority of the oldest-olds, our findings are encouraging from a public health care view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Høi Rasmussen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Bernard Jeune
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Karen Andersen-Ranberg
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Wettstein M, Wahl HW, Heyl V. Assimilative and accommodative coping in older adults with and without sensory impairment: four-year change and prospective relations with affective well-being. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:1255-1262. [PMID: 30407084 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1479833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Sensory impaired older adults may be particularly dependent on coping strategies such as assimilation (or tenacious goal pursuit [TGP]) and accommodation (or flexible goal adjustment [FGA]) to secure high levels of well-being. We investigated if late-life changes in these coping strategies and prospective associations of TGP and FGA with affective well-being vary according to sensory impairment status. Method: Our study sample consisted of 387 adults aged 72-95 years (M = 82.50 years, SD =4.71 years) who were either visually impaired (VI; n = 121), hearing impaired (HI; n = 116), or sensory unimpaired (UI; n = 150). One hundred sixty-eight individuals were reassessed after approximately 4 years. Results: Both VI and HI revealed a decrease in TGP, whereas TGP remained stable in UI. For FGA, a significant increase in HI was observed, whereas a significant decline emerged in UI. Controlling for age, gender, and cognitive abilities, higher TGP at baseline was significantly associated with higher negative affect 4 years later in VI. Moreover, the positive association between baseline FGA and subsequent positive affect was stronger in HI than in UI older adults. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that older adults with sensory impairments reveal trajectories of assimilative and accommodative coping and associations of TGP and FGA with affective well-being that are different from sensory unimpaired individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wettstein
- a Department of Psychological Ageing Research, Institute of Psychology , Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany.,b German Centre of Gerontology , Berlin , Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Wahl
- a Department of Psychological Ageing Research, Institute of Psychology , Heidelberg University , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Vera Heyl
- c Institute of Special Education, University of Education , Heidelberg , Germany
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7
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Health of Spanish centenarians: a cross-sectional study based on electronic health records. BMC Geriatr 2019. [PMID: 31426764 DOI: 10.1186/s12877‐019‐1235‐7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the number of centenarians increasing exponentially in Spain, a deeper knowledge of their socio-demographic, clinical, and healthcare use characteristics is important to better understand the health profile of the very elderly. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study in the EpiChron Cohort (Aragón, Spain) aimed at analyzing the socio-demographic, clinical, drug use and healthcare use characteristics of 1680 centenarians during 2011-2015, using data from electronic health records and clinical-administrative databases. RESULTS Spanish centenarians (79.1% women) had 101.6 years on average. Approximately 80% of centenarians suffered from multimorbidity, with an average of 4.0 chronic conditions; 50% were exposed to polypharmacy, with an average of 4.8 medications; only 6% of centenarians were free of chronic diseases and only 7% were not on medication. Centenarians presented a cardio-cerebrovascular pattern in which hypertension, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and dementia were the most frequent conditions. Primary care was the most frequently visited healthcare level (79% of them), followed by medical specialist consultations (23%), hospitalizations (13%), and emergency service use (9%). CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity is the rule rather than the exception in Spanish centenarians. Addressing medical care in the very elderly from a holistic geriatric view is critical in order to preserve their health, and avoid the negative effects of polypharmacy.
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Gimeno-Miguel A, Clerencia-Sierra M, Ioakeim I, Poblador-Plou B, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo M, González-Rubio F, Rodríguez Herrero R, Prados-Torres A. Health of Spanish centenarians: a cross-sectional study based on electronic health records. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:226. [PMID: 31426764 PMCID: PMC6701024 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the number of centenarians increasing exponentially in Spain, a deeper knowledge of their socio-demographic, clinical, and healthcare use characteristics is important to better understand the health profile of the very elderly. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study in the EpiChron Cohort (Aragón, Spain) aimed at analyzing the socio-demographic, clinical, drug use and healthcare use characteristics of 1680 centenarians during 2011–2015, using data from electronic health records and clinical-administrative databases. Results Spanish centenarians (79.1% women) had 101.6 years on average. Approximately 80% of centenarians suffered from multimorbidity, with an average of 4.0 chronic conditions; 50% were exposed to polypharmacy, with an average of 4.8 medications; only 6% of centenarians were free of chronic diseases and only 7% were not on medication. Centenarians presented a cardio-cerebrovascular pattern in which hypertension, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and dementia were the most frequent conditions. Primary care was the most frequently visited healthcare level (79% of them), followed by medical specialist consultations (23%), hospitalizations (13%), and emergency service use (9%). Conclusions Multimorbidity is the rule rather than the exception in Spanish centenarians. Addressing medical care in the very elderly from a holistic geriatric view is critical in order to preserve their health, and avoid the negative effects of polypharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gimeno-Miguel
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Clerencia-Sierra
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignatios Ioakeim
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Poblador-Plou
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Directorate of Primary Care, SALUD, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisca González-Rubio
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Primary Care Health Centre Delicias-Sur, SALUD, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Alexandra Prados-Torres
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, REDISSEC, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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9
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Rasmussen SH, Andersen-Ranberg K, Thinggaard M, Jeune B, Skytthe A, Christiansen L, Vaupel JW, McGue M, Christensen K. Cohort Profile: The 1895, 1905, 1910 and 1915 Danish Birth Cohort Studies - secular trends in the health and functioning of the very old. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 46:1746-1746j. [PMID: 28449061 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Signe Høi Rasmussen
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen Andersen-Ranberg
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bernard Jeune
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Axel Skytthe
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - James W Vaupel
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Max-Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Matt McGue
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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10
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Wettstein M, Wahl HW, Heyl V. Four-year reciprocal relationships between personality and functional ability in older adults with and without sensory impairment: focus on neuroticism and agreeableness. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:834-843. [PMID: 28447472 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1318259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Personality traits have been found to influence health and functional ability (FA) via multiple pathways. However, personality traits may also change in reaction to constraints in FA, particularly in more vulnerable individuals with high risk of decline in independent functioning in daily life (e.g. older adults with sensory impairment). Therefore, conceptually anchored in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF model), this study investigated reciprocal relationships between personality, focusing on neuroticism and agreeableness, and indicators of FA (i.e. activities of daily living and subjective autonomy) as well as the potentially moderating role of sensory impairment status. METHOD The study sample consisted of 387 older adults (mean age at T1: M = 82.50 years, SD = 4.71 years) who were either sensory impaired (SI; i.e. visually or hearing impaired) or sensory unimpaired (UI). A total of 168 individuals were reassessed four years later. RESULTS Depending on sensory status, personality acted both as predictor and as outcome of FA. Neuroticism was more strongly related with later FA outcomes in SI than in UI individuals. FA variables, in turn, were significant predictors of later neuroticism in UI older adults only and of later agreeableness in SI individuals only. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the late-life personality-FA interplay needs to be considered bidirectional, and the direction of associations varies systematically as a function of sensory impairment status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wettstein
- a Department of Psychological Aging Research , Heidelberg University , Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Wahl
- a Department of Psychological Aging Research , Heidelberg University , Germany
| | - Vera Heyl
- b Institute of Special Education, University of Education , Heidelberg , Germany
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11
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Wettstein M, Tauber B, Wahl HW, Frankenberg C. 12-Year Associations of Health with Personality in the Second Half of Life. GEROPSYCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. We examined longitudinal associations between personality, objective (physician-rated) and self-rated health over 12 years in two German cohorts (midlife cohort, born 1950/52, nT0 = 502; late-life cohort, born 1930/32, nT0 = 500) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE). Based on cross-lagged panel design analyses controlling for sex, education, depression, and cognitive abilities, we found that after 12 years better baseline objective health predicted lower Neuroticism and higher Agreeableness, whereas baseline Extraversion and Conscientiousness were positive predictors of later self-rated health. Our findings thus illustrate that the direction of longitudinal personality-health associations is dependent on whether objective or self-rated health is considered, whereas relations do not seem to be considerably different in midlife vs. in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wettstein
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Benjamin Tauber
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Wahl
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
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No Association between Variation in Longevity Candidate Genes and Aging-related Phenotypes in Oldest-old Danes. Exp Gerontol 2016; 78:57-61. [PMID: 26946122 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study we explored the association between aging-related phenotypes previously reported to predict survival in old age and variation in 77 genes from the DNA repair pathway, 32 genes from the growth hormone 1/ insulin-like growth factor 1/insulin (GH/IGF-1/INS) signalling pathway and 16 additional genes repeatedly considered as candidates for human longevity: APOE, APOA4, APOC3, ACE, CETP, HFE, IL6, IL6R, MTHFR, TGFB1, SIRTs 1, 3, 6; and HSPAs 1A, 1L, 14. Altogether, 1,049 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 1,088 oldest-old (age 92-93 years) Danes and analysed with phenotype data on physical functioning (hand grip strength), cognitive functioning (mini mental state examination and a cognitive composite score), activity of daily living and self-rated health. Five SNPs showed association to one of the phenotypes; however, none of these SNPs were associated with a change in the relevant phenotype over time (7 years of follow-up) and none of the SNPs could be confirmed in a replication sample of 1,281 oldest-old Danes (age 94-100). Hence, our study does not support association between common variation in the investigated longevity candidate genes and aging-related phenotypes consistently shown to predict survival. It is possible that larger sample sizes are needed to robustly reveal associations with small effect sizes.
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Nygaard M, Debrabant B, Tan Q, Deelen J, Andersen‐Ranberg K, Craen AJ, Beekman M, Jeune B, Slagboom PE, Christensen K, Christiansen L. Copy number variation associates with mortality in long-lived individuals: a genome-wide assessment. Aging Cell 2016; 15:49-55. [PMID: 26446717 PMCID: PMC4717275 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) represent a significant source of genetic variation in the human genome and have been implicated in numerous diseases and complex traits. To date, only a few studies have investigated the role of CNVs in human lifespan. To investigate the impact of CNVs on prospective mortality at the extreme end of life, where the genetic component of lifespan appears most profound, we analyzed genomewide CNV data in 603 Danish nonagenarians and centenarians (mean age 96.9 years, range 90.0–102.5 years). Replication was performed in 500 long‐lived individuals from the Leiden Longevity Study (mean age 93.2 years, range 88.9–103.4 years). First, we assessed the association between the CNV burden of each individual (the number of CNVs, the average CNV length, and the total CNV length) and mortality and found a significant increase in mortality per 10 kb increase in the average CNV length, both for all CNVs (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.024, P = 0.002) and for duplications (HR = 1.011, P = 0.005), as well as per 100 kb increase in the total length of deletions (HR = 1.009, P = 0.0005). Next, we assessed the relation between specific deletions and duplications and mortality. Although no genome–wide significant associations were discovered, we identified six deletions and one duplication that showed consistent association with mortality in both or either of the sexes across both study populations. These results indicate that the genome–wide CNV burden, specifically the average CNV length and the total CNV length, associates with higher mortality in long‐lived individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Nygaard
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C Denmark
| | - Birgit Debrabant
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
| | - Qihua Tan
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C Denmark
| | - Joris Deelen
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Karen Andersen‐Ranberg
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
| | - Anton J.M. Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Leiden University Medical Center P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Bernard Jeune
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
| | - Pieternella E. Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology Odense University Hospital Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- The Danish Aging Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark J.B. Winsloews Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C Denmark
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14
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Mengel-From J, Jeune B, Pentti T, McGue M, Christensen K, Christiansen L. The APP A673T frequency differs between Nordic countries. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:2909.e1-4. [PMID: 26239177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A coding gene variant A673T (rs63750847) in the APP gene has recently been recognized as a protective variant of late-onset Alzheimer's Disease in a large Icelandic population and has been observed recurrently in populations from Nordic countries. The variant also was related to longevity in the Icelandic population. However, because of the extreme rarity of A673T in non-Nordic populations, the association with Alzheimer's disease has not yet been formally replicated. Because the variant has not been reported among the Danes, we aimed to study its frequency among healthy middle-age twins and oldest-old singletons and explore the possible effects on longevity and cognitive abilities. Surprisingly, only 1 of 3487 unrelated Danes carried the A673T variant, (0.014% [95% CI 0.000-0.080]), which was significantly lower than in the other Nordic countries averaging to 0.43% (95% CI 0.40-0.46). In conclusion, the A673T variant is rarer in Danes than other Nordic countries, thus precluding assessment of association with longevity or cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Mengel-From
- The Danish Aging Research Center and The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Bernard Jeune
- The Danish Aging Research Center and The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tienari Pentti
- Research Program Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matt McGue
- The Danish Aging Research Center and The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center and The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- The Danish Aging Research Center and The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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