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Zufry H, Munawar AA. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Distinguishing Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 78:627-632. [PMID: 38373401 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241232440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid nodules are common clinical entities, with a significant proportion being malignant. Early, accurate, and non-invasive tools to differentiate benign and malignant nodules can optimize patient management and reduce unnecessary surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules. A diffuse reflectance spectrum for a total of 20 thyroid nodule samples (10 samples as colloid goiter and 10 samples as thyroid cancer), were acquired in the wavelength range from 1000 to 2500 nm. Spectral data from NIRS were analyzed by means of principal component analysis (PCA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to classify and differentiate thyroid nodule samples. The present study found that NIRS effectively distinguished colloid goiter and thyroid cancer using the first two principal components (PCs), explaining 90% and 10% of the variance, respectively. QDA discrimination plot displayed a clear separation between colloid goiter and thyroid cancer with minimal overlap, aligning with reported 95% accuracy. Additionally, applying LDA to seven PCs from PCA achieved a 100% accuracy rate in classifying colloid goiter and thyroid cancer from near-infrared spectral data. In conclusion, NIRS offers a promising, non-invasive complementing diagnostic tool for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules with high accuracy. Future work should integrate these results into predictive model development, emphasizing external validation, alternative performance metrics, and protecting against potential overfitting translation of a machine learning model to a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendra Zufry
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes-Thyroid Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala/Dr Zainoel Abidin Hospita, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Innovation and Research Center of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Agus Arip Munawar
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Rivera-Fernández JD, Roa-Tort K, Stolik S, Valor A, Fabila-Bustos DA, de la Rosa G, Hernández-Chávez M, de la Rosa-Vázquez JM. Design of a Low-Cost Diffuse Optical Mammography System for Biomedical Image Processing in Breast Cancer Diagnosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23094390. [PMID: 37177594 PMCID: PMC10181699 DOI: 10.3390/s23094390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer that mainly affects women. Several diagnosis techniques based on optical instrumentation and image analysis have been developed, and these are commonly used in conjunction with conventional diagnostic devices such as mammographs, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. The cost of using these instruments is increasing, and developing countries, whose deaths indices due to breast cancer are high, cannot access conventional diagnostic methods and have even less access to newer techniques. Other studies, based on the analysis of images acquired by traditional methods, require high resolutions and knowledge of the origin of the captures in order to avoid errors. For this reason, the design of a low-cost diffuse optical mammography system for biomedical image processing in breast cancer diagnosis is presented. The system combines the acquisition of breast tissue photographs, diffuse optical reflectance (as a biophotonics technique), and the processing of digital images for the study and diagnosis of breast cancer. The system was developed in the form of a medical examination table with a 638 nm red-light source, using light-emitted diode technology (LED) and a low-cost web camera for the acquisition of breast tissue images. The system is automatic, and its control, through a graphical user interface (GUI), saves costs and allows for the subsequent analysis of images using a digital image-processing algorithm. The results obtained allow for the possibility of planning in vivo measurements. In addition, the acquisition of images every 30° around the breast tissue could be used in future research in order to perform a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and an analysis of the captures through deep learning techniques. These could be combined with virtual, augmented, or mixed reality environments to predict the position of tumors, increase the likelihood of a correct medical diagnosis, and develop a training system for specialists. Furthermore, the system allows for the possibility to develop analysis of optical characterization for new phantom studies in breast cancer diagnosis through bioimaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué D Rivera-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Optomecatrónica, UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Distrito de Educación, Salud, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42162, Mexico
| | - Karen Roa-Tort
- Laboratorio de Optomecatrónica, UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Distrito de Educación, Salud, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42162, Mexico
| | - Suren Stolik
- Laboratorio de Biofotónica, ESIME ZAC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
| | - Alma Valor
- Laboratorio de Biofotónica, ESIME ZAC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
| | - Diego A Fabila-Bustos
- Laboratorio de Optomecatrónica, UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Distrito de Educación, Salud, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42162, Mexico
| | - Gabriela de la Rosa
- Hospital de Especialidades del niño y la Mujer Dr. Felipe Nuñez Lara, Santiago de Querétaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Macaria Hernández-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Optomecatrónica, UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Distrito de Educación, Salud, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42162, Mexico
| | - José M de la Rosa-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biofotónica, ESIME ZAC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
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Zhang H, Peng Y, Zhang N, Yang J, Wang Y, Ding H. Emerging Optoelectronic Devices Based on Microscale LEDs and Their Use as Implantable Biomedical Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071069. [PMID: 35888886 PMCID: PMC9323269 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film microscale light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are efficient light sources and their integrated applications offer robust capabilities and potential strategies in biomedical science. By leveraging innovations in the design of optoelectronic semiconductor structures, advanced fabrication techniques, biocompatible encapsulation, remote control circuits, wireless power supply strategies, etc., these emerging applications provide implantable probes that differ from conventional tethering techniques such as optical fibers. This review introduces the recent advancements of thin-film microscale LEDs for biomedical applications, covering the device lift-off and transfer printing fabrication processes and the representative biomedical applications for light stimulation, therapy, and photometric biosensing. Wireless power delivery systems have been outlined and discussed to facilitate the operation of implantable probes. With such wireless, battery-free, and minimally invasive implantable light-source probes, these biomedical applications offer excellent opportunities and instruments for both biomedical sciences research and clinical diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanxiu Peng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Nuohan Zhang
- GMA Optoelectronic Technology Limited, Xinyang 464000, China;
| | - Jian Yang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yongtian Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - He Ding
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.Y.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Kukačka J, Metz S, Dehner C, Muckenhuber A, Paul-Yuan K, Karlas A, Fallenberg EM, Rummeny E, Jüstel D, Ntziachristos V. Image processing improvements afford second-generation handheld optoacoustic imaging of breast cancer patients. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2022; 26:100343. [PMID: 35308306 PMCID: PMC8931444 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the initial breast transillumination almost a century ago, breast cancer imaging using light has been considered in different implementations aiming to improve diagnostics, minimize the number of available biopsies, or monitor treatment. However, due to strong photon scattering, conventional optical imaging yields low resolution images, challenging quantification and interpretation. Optoacoustic imaging addresses the scattering limitation and yields high-resolution visualization of optical contrast, offering great potential value for breast cancer imaging. Nevertheless, the image quality of experimental systems remains limited due to a number of factors, including signal attenuation with depth and partial view angle and motion effects, particularly in multi-wavelength measurements. METHODS We developed data analytics methods to improve the accuracy of handheld optoacoustic breast cancer imaging, yielding second-generation optoacoustic imaging performance operating in tandem with ultrasonography. RESULTS We produced the most advanced images yet with handheld optoacoustic examinations of the human breast and breast cancer, in terms of resolution and contrast. Using these advances, we examined optoacoustic markers of malignancy, including vasculature abnormalities, hypoxia, and inflammation, on images obtained from breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS We achieved a new level of quality for optoacoustic images from a handheld examination of the human breast, advancing the diagnostic and theranostic potential of the hybrid optoacoustic-ultrasound (OPUS) examination over routine ultrasonography.
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Key Words
- 2G-OPUS, 2nd generation Multispectral Optoacoustic-Ultrasound Tomography
- Breast cancer
- CNR, Contrast-to-noise ratio
- DCIS, Ductal carcinoma in situ
- FOV, Field of view
- FWHM, Full width at half maximum
- ILC, Invasive lobular carcinoma
- Image quality enhancement
- In vivo imaging
- LCO, Lower cut-off
- MSOT, Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography
- Multispectral optoacoustic tomography
- NAT, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- NST, No special type
- OA, Optoacoustics
- SoS, Speed-of-sound
- TIR, Total impulse response
- Tumor-associated microvasculature
- US, Ultrasound
- Ultrasound
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kukačka
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Metz
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Dehner
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Muckenhuber
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of General and Surgical Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Korbinian Paul-Yuan
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Angelos Karlas
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Maria Fallenberg
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst Rummeny
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Jüstel
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Computational Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (MIRMI), Munich, Germany
- Correspondence to: Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Building 56, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Yang Y, Tang T, Liu B, Tian J, Wu H, Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhang L, Bao H, Liu T. TB@PLGA Nanoparticles for Photodynamic/Photothermal Combined Cancer Therapy with Single Near-Infrared Irradiation. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4863-4871. [PMID: 34295159 PMCID: PMC8291662 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s304713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phototherapy has significant potential as an effective treatment for cancer. However, the application of a multifunctional nanoplatform for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) at a single excitation wavelength remains a challenge. Materials and Methods The double emulsion solvent evaporation method was used to prepare toluidine blue@poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (TB@PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). The biocompatibility of TB@PLGA NPs was evaluated, and a 660 nm luminescence was used as the light source. The photothermal effect, photothermal stability, and singlet oxygen yield of NPs in an aqueous solution verified the feasibility of NPs as a PTT/PDT synergistic therapy drug. Results TB@PLGA NPs were successfully prepared and characterized. In vitro experiments demonstrated that TB@PLGA NPs can cause massive necrosis of tumor cells and induce apoptosis through a photodynamic mechanism under 660 nm laser irradiation. The TB@PLGA NPs also achieved optimal tumor inhibition effect in vivo. Conclusion The TB@PLGA NPs prepared in this study were applied as a dual-mode phototherapeutic agent under single laser irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the good potential of PTT/PDT for tumor inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Taya Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijing Tian
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Bao
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Hyperspectral image-based analysis of thermal damage for ex-vivo bovine liver utilizing radiofrequency ablation. Surg Oncol 2021; 38:101564. [PMID: 33865183 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Thermal ablation is the predominant methodology to treat liver tumors for segregating patients who are not permitted to have surgical intervention. However, noticing or predicting the size of the thermal strategies is a challenging endeavor. We aim to analyze the effects of ablation district volume following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ex-vivo liver exploiting a custom Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS RFA was conducted on the ex-vivo bovine liver at focal and peripheral blood vessel sites and observed by Custom HSI system, which has been designed to assess the exactness and proficiency using visible and near-infrared wavelengths region for tissue thermal effect. The experiment comprised up to ten trials with RFA. The experiment was carried out in two stages to assess the percentage of the thermal effect on the investigated sample superficially and for the side penetration effect. Measuring the diffuse reflectance (Ŗd) of the sample to identify the spectral reflectance shift which could differentiate between normal and ablated tissue exploiting the designed cross-correlation algorithm for monitoring of thermal ablation. RESULTS Determination of the diffuse reflection (Ŗd) spectral signature responses from normal, thermal effected, and thermal ablation regions of the investigated liver sample. Where the ideal wavelength range at (600-640 nm) could discriminate between these different regions. Then, exploited the converted RGB image of the HS liver tissue after RFA for more validations which shows that the optimum wavelength for differentiation at (530-560 nm and 600-640 nm). Finally, applying statistical analysis to validate our results presenting that wavelength 600 nm had the highest standard deviation (δ) to differentiate between various thermally affected regions regarding the normal tissue and wavelength 640 nm shows the highest (δ) to differentiate between the ablated and normal regions. CONCLUSION The designed and implemented medical imaging system incorporated the hyperspectral camera capabilities with the associate cross-correlation algorithm that could successfully distinguish between the ablated and thermally affected regions to assist the surgery during the tumor therapy.
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Amendola C, Lacerenza M, Buttafava M, Tosi A, Spinelli L, Contini D, Torricelli A. A Compact Multi-Distance DCS and Time Domain NIRS Hybrid System for Hemodynamic and Metabolic Measurements. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21030870. [PMID: 33525488 PMCID: PMC7866011 DOI: 10.3390/s21030870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a new multi-distance diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) device integrated with a compact state-of-the-art time domain near infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) device. The hybrid DCS and TD-NIRS system allows to retrieve information on blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and oxygen metabolic rate. The DCS device performances were estimated in terms of stability, repeatability, ability in retrieving variations of diffusion coefficient, influence of the tissue optical properties, effect of varying count rates and depth sensitivity. Crosstalk between DCS and TD-NIRS optical signals was also evaluated. Finally, in vivo experiments (venous and arterial cuff occlusions on the arm) were conducted to test the ability of the hybrid system in measuring blood flow variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Amendola
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Michele Lacerenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Mauro Buttafava
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Alberto Tosi
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Davide Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (D.C.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (A.T.)
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8
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Al abdi RM, Deng B, Hijazi HH, Wu M, Carp SA. Mechanical and hemodynamic responses of breast tissue under mammographic-like compression during functional dynamic optical imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5425-5441. [PMID: 33149960 PMCID: PMC7587258 DOI: 10.1364/boe.398110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studying tissue hemodynamics following breast compression has the potential to reveal new contrast mechanisms for evaluating breast cancer. However, how compression will be distributed and, consequently, how hemodynamics will be altered inside the compressed breast remain unclear. To explore the effect of compression, 12 healthy volunteers were studied by applying a step compression increase (4.5-53.4 N) using an optical imaging system capable of concurrently measuring pressure distribution and hemodynamic responses. Finite element analysis was used to predict the distribution of internal fluid pressure (IFP) in breast models. Comparisons between the measured pressure distribution and the reconstructed hemodynamic images for the healthy volunteers indicated significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations. The findings from a breast cancer patient showed that IFP distribution during compression strongly correlates with the observed differential hemodynamic images. We concluded that dynamic breast compression results in non-uniform internal pressure distribution throughout the breast that could potentially drive directed blood flow. The encouraging results obtained highlight the promise of developing dynamic optical imaging biomarkers for breast cancer by interpreting differential hemodynamic images of breast tissue during compression in the context of measured pressure distribution and predicted IFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabah M. Al abdi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Bin Deng
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Heba H. Hijazi
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Melissa Wu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Pal UM, Gk AV, Gogoi G, Rila S, Shroff S, Am G, Borah P, Varma M, Kurpad V, Baruah D, Vaidya JS, Pandya HJ. Towards a Portable Platform Integrated With Multispectral Noncontact Probes for Delineating Normal and Breast Cancer Tissue Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2020; 14:879-888. [PMID: 32746350 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2020.3005971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the confirmation of diagnosis of breast cancer is made by microscopic examination of an ultra-thin slice of a needle biopsy specimen. This slice is conventionally formalin-fixed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and visually examined under a light microscope. This process is labor-intensive and requires highly skilled doctors (pathologists). In this paper, we report a novel tool based on near-infrared spectroscopy (Spectral-IRDx) which is a portable, non-contact, and cost-effective system and could provide a rapid and accurate diagnosis of cancer. The Spectral-IRDx tool performs absorption spectroscopy at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths of 850, 935, and 1060 nm. We measure normalized detected voltage (Vdn) with the tool in 10 deparaffinized breast biopsy tissue samples, 5 of which were cancer (C) and 5 were normal (N) tissues. The difference in Vdn at 935 nm and 1060 nm between cancer and normal tissues is statistically significant with p-values of 0.0038 and 0.0022 respectively. Absorption contrast factor (N/C) of 1.303, 1.551, and 1.45 are observed for 850, 935, and 1060 nm respectively. The volume fraction contrast (N/C) of lipids and collagens are reported as 1.28 and 1.10 respectively. Higher absorption contrast factor (N/C) and volume fraction contrast (N/C) signifies higher concentration of lipids in normal tissues as compared to cancerous tissues, a basis for delineation. These preliminary results support the envisioned concept for noninvasive and noncarcinogenic NIR-based breast cancer diagnostic platform, which will be tested using a larger number of samples.
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10
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Kho E, de Boer LL, Post AL, Van de Vijver KK, Jóźwiak K, Sterenborg HJCM, Ruers TJM. Imaging depth variations in hyperspectral imaging: Development of a method to detect tumor up to the required tumor-free margin width. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900086. [PMID: 31290280 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging is a promising technique for resection margin assessment during cancer surgery. Thereby, only a specific amount of the tissue below the resection surface, the clinically defined margin width, should be assessed. Since the imaging depth of hyperspectral imaging varies with wavelength and tissue composition, this can have consequences for the clinical use of hyperspectral imaging as margin assessment technique. In this study, a method was developed that allows for hyperspectral analysis of resection margins in breast cancer. This method uses the spectral slope of the diffuse reflectance spectrum at wavelength regions where the imaging depth in tumor and healthy tissue is equal. Thereby, tumor can be discriminated from healthy breast tissue while imaging up to a similar depth as the required tumor-free margin width of 2 mm. Applying this method to hyperspectral images acquired during surgery would allow for robust margin assessment of resected specimens. In this paper, we focused on breast cancer, but the same approach can be applied to develop a method for other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Kho
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisanne L de Boer
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk L Post
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen K Van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katarzyna Jóźwiak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henricus J C M Sterenborg
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Theo J M Ruers
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
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Zhang H, Gutruf P, Meacham K, Montana MC, Zhao X, Chiarelli AM, Vázquez-Guardado A, Norris A, Lu L, Guo Q, Xu C, Wu Y, Zhao H, Ning X, Bai W, Kandela I, Haney CR, Chanda D, Gereau RW, Rogers JA. Wireless, battery-free optoelectronic systems as subdermal implants for local tissue oximetry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw0873. [PMID: 30873435 PMCID: PMC6408152 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring regional tissue oxygenation in animal models and potentially in human subjects can yield insights into the underlying mechanisms of local O2-mediated physiological processes and provide diagnostic and therapeutic guidance for relevant disease states. Existing technologies for tissue oxygenation assessments involve some combination of disadvantages in requirements for physical tethers, anesthetics, and special apparatus, often with confounding effects on the natural behaviors of test subjects. This work introduces an entirely wireless and fully implantable platform incorporating (i) microscale optoelectronics for continuous sensing of local hemoglobin dynamics and (ii) advanced designs in continuous, wireless power delivery and data output for tether-free operation. These features support in vivo, highly localized tissue oximetry at sites of interest, including deep brain regions of mice, on untethered, awake animal models. The results create many opportunities for studying various O2-mediated processes in naturally behaving subjects, with implications in biomedical research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Philipp Gutruf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Kathleen Meacham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael C. Montana
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xingyue Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Antonio M. Chiarelli
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Abraham Vázquez-Guardado
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Physics and CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Aaron Norris
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Luyao Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Qinglei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chenkai Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yixin Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hangbo Zhao
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Xin Ning
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Irawati Kandela
- Developmental Therapeutics Core, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Chad R. Haney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Debashis Chanda
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Physics and CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Robert W. Gereau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Neurological Surgery, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Simpson Querrey Institute and Feinberg Medical School, Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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12
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Tran WT, Childs C, Probst H, Farhat G, Czarnota GJ. Imaging Biomarkers for Precision Medicine in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2018; 49:342-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Farag O, Mohamed M, Abd El Ghany M, Hofmann K. Integrated Sensors for Early Breast Cancer Diagnostics. 2018 IEEE 21ST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DESIGN AND DIAGNOSTICS OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS & SYSTEMS (DDECS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/ddecs.2018.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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14
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Deng B, Lundqvist M, Fang Q, Carp SA. Impact of errors in experimental parameters on reconstructed breast images using diffuse optical tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:1130-1150. [PMID: 29541508 PMCID: PMC5846518 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (NIR-DOT) is an emerging technology that offers hemoglobin based, functional imaging tumor biomarkers for breast cancer management. The most promising clinical translation opportunities are in the differential diagnosis of malignant vs. benign lesions, and in early response assessment and guidance for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Accurate quantification of the tissue oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration across the field of view, as well as repeatability during longitudinal imaging in the context of therapy guidance, are essential for the successful translation of NIR-DOT to clinical practice. The ill-posed and ill-condition nature of the DOT inverse problem makes this technique particularly susceptible to model errors that may occur, for example, when the experimental conditions do not fully match the assumptions built into the image reconstruction process. To evaluate the susceptibility of DOT images to experimental errors that might be encountered in practice for a parallel-plate NIR-DOT system, we simulated 7 different types of errors, each with a range of magnitudes. We generated simulated data by using digital breast phantoms derived from five actual mammograms of healthy female volunteers, to which we added a 1-cm tumor. After applying each of the experimental error types and magnitudes to the simulated measurements, we reconstructed optical images with and without structural prior guidance and assessed the overall error in the total hemoglobin concentrations (HbT) and in the HbT contrast between the lesion and surrounding area vs. the best-case scenarios. It is found that slight in-plane probe misalignment and plate rotation did not result in large quantification errors. However, any out-of-plane probe tilting could result in significant deterioration in lesion contrast. Among the error types investigated in this work, optical images were the least likely to be impacted by breast shape inaccuracies but suffered the largest deterioration due to cross-talk between signal channels. However, errors in optical images could be effectively controlled when experimental parameters were properly estimated during data acquisition and accounted for in the image processing procedure. Finally, optical images recovered using structural priors were, in general, less susceptible to experimental errors; however, lesion contrasts were more sensitive to errors when tumor locations were used as a priori info. Findings in this simulation study can provide guidelines for system design and operation in optical breast imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Mats Lundqvist
- Philips Healthcare, Torshamnsgatan 30A, 164 40 Kista, Sweden
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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15
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Anderson PG, Kalli S, Sassaroli A, Krishnamurthy N, Makim SS, Graham RA, Fantini S. Optical Mammography in Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Individual Clinical Response Index. Acad Radiol 2017; 24:1240-1255. [PMID: 28532642 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES We present an optical mammography study that aims to develop quantitative measures of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer. Such quantitative measures are based on the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]), deoxyhemoglobin ([Hb]), total hemoglobin ([HbT]), and hemoglobin saturation (SO2) in breast tissue at the tumor location and at sequential time points during chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Continuous-wave, spectrally resolved optical mammography was performed in transmission and parallel-plate geometry on 10 patients before treatment initiation and at each NAC administration (mean number of optical mammography sessions: 12, range: 7-18). Data on two patients were discarded for technical reasons. The patients were categorized as responders (R, >50% decrease in tumor size), or nonresponders (NR, <50% decrease in tumor size) based on imaging and histopathology results. RESULTS At 50% completion of the NAC regimen (therapy midpoint), R (6/8) demonstrated significant decreases in SO2 (-27% ± 4%) and [HbT] (-35 ± 4 µM) at the tumor location with respect to baseline values. By contrast, NR (2/8) showed nonsignificant changes in SO2 and [HbT] at therapy midpoint. We introduce a cumulative response index as a quantitative measure of the individual patient's response to therapy. At therapy midpoint, the SO2-based cumulative response index had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% for the identification of R. CONCLUSIONS These results show that optical mammography is a promising tool to assess individual response to NAC at therapy midpoint to guide further decision making for neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela G Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Sirishma Kalli
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Nishanth Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Shital S Makim
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roger A Graham
- Department of Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155.
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16
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Carp SA, Farzam P, Redes N, Hueber DM, Franceschini MA. Combined multi-distance frequency domain and diffuse correlation spectroscopy system with simultaneous data acquisition and real-time analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3993-4006. [PMID: 29026684 PMCID: PMC5611918 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) have emerged as synergistic techniques for the non-invasive assessment of tissue health. Combining FD-NIRS oximetry with DCS measures of blood flow, the tissue oxygen metabolic rate can be quantified, a parameter more closely linked to underlying physiology and pathology than either NIRS or DCS estimates alone. Here we describe the first commercially available integrated instrument, called the "MetaOx", designed to enable simultaneous FD-NIRS and DCS measurements at rates of 10 + Hz, and offering real-time data evaluation. We show simultaneously acquired characterization data demonstrating performance equivalent to individual devices and sample in vivo measurements of pulsation resolved blood flow, forearm occlusion hemodynamic changes and muscle oxygen metabolic rate monitoring during stationary bike exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A. Carp
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Parisa Farzam
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Norin Redes
- ISS Inc., 1602 Newton Drive, Champaign, IL 61822, USA
| | | | - Maria Angela Franceschini
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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17
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Non-invasive optical estimate of tissue composition to differentiate malignant from benign breast lesions: A pilot study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40683. [PMID: 28091596 PMCID: PMC5238417 DOI: 10.1038/srep40683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several techniques are being investigated as a complement to screening mammography, to reduce its false-positive rate, but results are still insufficient to draw conclusions. This initial study explores time domain diffuse optical imaging as an adjunct method to classify non-invasively malignant vs benign breast lesions. We estimated differences in tissue composition (oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, lipid, water, collagen) and absorption properties between lesion and average healthy tissue in the same breast applying a perturbative approach to optical images collected at 7 red-near infrared wavelengths (635–1060 nm) from subjects bearing breast lesions. The Discrete AdaBoost procedure, a machine-learning algorithm, was then exploited to classify lesions based on optically derived information (either tissue composition or absorption) and risk factors obtained from patient’s anamnesis (age, body mass index, familiarity, parity, use of oral contraceptives, and use of Tamoxifen). Collagen content, in particular, turned out to be the most important parameter for discrimination. Based on the initial results of this study the proposed method deserves further investigation.
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18
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Mehnati P, Jafari Tirtash M, Zakerhamidi MS, Mehnati P. Assessing Absorption Coefficient of Hemoglobin in the Breast Phantom Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2016; 13:e31581. [PMID: 27895869 PMCID: PMC5116749 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.31581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood concentrations and oxygen saturation levels are important biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis. OBJECTIVES In this study, the absorption coefficient of hemoglobin (Hb) was used to distinguish between normal and abnormal breast tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS A near-infrared source (637 nm) was transmitted from major and minor vessels of a breast phantom containing 2×, 4× concentrations of oxy- and deoxy-Hb. The absorption coefficients were determined from spectrometer (SM) and powermeter (PM) data. RESULTS The absorption coefficients were 0.075 ± 0.026 cm-1 for oxygenated Hb (normal) in major vessels and 0.141 ± 0.023 cm-1 at 4× concentration (abnormal) with SM, whereas the breast absorption coefficients were 0.099 ± 0.017 cm-1 for oxygenated Hb (normal) in minor vessels and 0.171 ± 0.005 cm-1 at 4× concentrations with SM. A comparison of the data obtained using a SM and a PM was not significant statistically. CONCLUSION The study of the absorption coefficient data of different concentrations of Hb in normal and abnormal breasts via the diffusion of near-infrared light is a valuable method and has the potential to aid in early detection of breast abnormalities with SM and PM in major and minor vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Mehnati
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maede Jafari Tirtash
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding author: Maede Jafari Tirtash, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Fax: +98-4133364660, E-mail:
| | | | - Parisa Mehnati
- Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
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Tgavalekos KT, Kainerstorfer JM, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Blood-pressure-induced oscillations of deoxy- and oxyhemoglobin concentrations are in-phase in the healthy breast and out-of-phase in the healthy brain. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:101410. [PMID: 27020418 PMCID: PMC4809098 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.10.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) study of local hemodynamics in the breast and the brain (prefrontal cortex) of healthy volunteers in a protocol involving periodic perturbations to the systemic arterial blood pressure. These periodic perturbations were achieved by cyclic inflation (to a pressure of 200 mmHg) and deflation (at frequencies of 0.046, 0.056, 0.063, 0.071, and 0.083 Hz) of two pneumatic cuffs wrapped around the subject’s thighs. As a result of these systemic perturbations, the concentrations of deoxy- and oxyhemoglobin in tissue (D and O , respectively) oscillate at the set frequency. We found that the oscillations of D and O in breast tissue are in-phase at all frequencies considered, a result that we attribute to dominant contributions from blood volume oscillations. In contrast, D and O oscillations in brain tissue feature a frequency-dependent phase difference, which we attribute to significant contributions from cerebral blood flow oscillations. Frequency-resolved measurements of D and O oscillations are exploited by the technique of coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy for the assessment of cerebrovascular parameters and cerebral autoregulation. We show the relevant physiological information content of NIRS measurements of oscillatory hemodynamics, which have qualitatively distinct features in the healthy breast and healthy brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen T. Tgavalekos
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Jana M. Kainerstorfer
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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20
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Tran WT, Childs C, Chin L, Slodkowska E, Sannachi L, Tadayyon H, Watkins E, Wong SL, Curpen B, Kaffas AE, Al-Mahrouki A, Sadeghi-Naini A, Czarnota GJ. Multiparametric monitoring of chemotherapy treatment response in locally advanced breast cancer using quantitative ultrasound and diffuse optical spectroscopy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:19762-80. [PMID: 26942698 PMCID: PMC4991417 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging (DOSI) biomarkers in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The institution's ethics review board approved this study. Subjects (n = 22) gave written informed consent prior to participating. US and DOSI data were acquired, relative to the start of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, at weeks 0, 1, 4, 8 and preoperatively. QUS parameters including the mid-band fit (MBF), 0-MHz intercept (SI), and the spectral slope (SS) were determined from tumor ultrasound data using spectral analysis. In the same patients, DOSI was used to measure parameters relating to tumor hemoglobin and composition. Discriminant analysis and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to classify clinical and pathological response during treatment and to estimate the area under the curve (AUC). Additionally, multivariate analysis was carried out for pairwise QUS/DOSI parameter combinations using a logistic regression model. RESULTS Individual QUS and DOSI parameters, including the (SI), oxy-hemoglobin (HbO2), and total hemoglobin (HbT) were significant markers for response after one week of treatment (p < 0.01). Multivariate (pairwise) combinations increased the sensitivity, specificity and AUC at this time; the SI + HbO2 showed a sensitivity/specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 1.0. CONCLUSIONS QUS and DOSI demonstrated potential as coincident markers for treatment response and may potentially facilitate response-guided therapies. Multivariate QUS and DOSI parameters increased the sensitivity and specificity of classifying LABC patients as early as one week after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Charmaine Childs
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lee Chin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lakshmanan Sannachi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hadi Tadayyon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elyse Watkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Belinda Curpen
- Division of Radiology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ahmed El Kaffas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Azza Al-Mahrouki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ali Sadeghi-Naini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gregory J. Czarnota
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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21
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Heijblom M, Piras D, van den Engh FM, van der Schaaf M, Klaase JM, Steenbergen W, Manohar S. The state of the art in breast imaging using the Twente Photoacoustic Mammoscope: results from 31 measurements on malignancies. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:3874-3887. [PMID: 26945762 PMCID: PMC5052314 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Photoacoustic mammography is potentially an ideal technique, however, the amount of patient data is limited. To further our understanding of the in vivo performance of the method and to guide further research and development, we imaged 33 breast malignancies using the research system – the Twente Photoacoustic Mammoscope (PAM). Methods Thirty-one patients participated in this retrospective, observational study. The study and informed consent procedure were approved by the local ethics committee. PAM uses 1,064 nm light for excitation with a planar, 588-element, 1-MHz ultrasound array for detection. Photoacoustic lesion visibility and appearance were compared with conventional imaging (x-ray mammography and ultrasonography) findings, histopathology and patient demographics. Results Of 33 malignancies 32 were visualized with high contrast and good co-localization with conventional imaging. The contrast of the detected malignancies was independent of radiographic breast density, and size estimation was reasonably good with an average 28 % deviation from histology. However, the presence of contrast areas outside the malignant region is suggestive for low specificity of the current system. Statistical analyses did not reveal any further relationship between PAM results and patient demographics nor lesion characteristics. Conclusions The results confirm the high potential of photoacoustic mammography in future breast care. Key Points • Photoacoustic breast imaging visualizes malignancies with high imaging contrast. • Photoacoustic lesion contrast is independent of the mammographically estimated breast density. • No clear relationship exists between photoacoustic characteristics and lesion type, grade, etc. • Photoacoustic specificity to breast cancer from some cases is not yet optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Heijblom
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Piras
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Frank M van den Engh
- Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet van der Schaaf
- Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Joost M Klaase
- Center for Breast Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50.000, 7500 KA, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Srirang Manohar
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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22
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Krishnamurthy N, Kainerstorfer JM, Sassaroli A, Anderson PG, Fantini S. Broadband optical mammography instrument for depth-resolved imaging and local dynamic measurements. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:024302. [PMID: 26931870 PMCID: PMC4769268 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a continuous-wave instrument for non-invasive diffuse optical imaging of the breast in a parallel-plate transmission geometry. The instrument measures continuous spectra in the wavelength range 650-1000 nm, with an intensity noise level <1.5% and a spatial sampling rate of 5 points/cm in the x- and y-directions. We collect the optical transmission at four locations, one collinear and three offset with respect to the illumination optical fiber, to recover the depth of optical inhomogeneities in the tissue. We imaged a tissue-like, breast shaped, silicone phantom (6 cm thick) with two embedded absorbing structures: a black circle (1.7 cm in diameter) and a black stripe (3 mm wide), designed to mimic a tumor and a blood vessel, respectively. The use of a spatially multiplexed detection scheme allows for the generation of on-axis and off-axis projection images simultaneously, as opposed to requiring multiple scans, thus decreasing scan-time and motion artifacts. This technique localizes detected inhomogeneities in 3D and accurately assigns their depth to within 1 mm in the ideal conditions of otherwise homogeneous tissue-like phantoms. We also measured induced hemodynamic changes in the breast of a healthy human subject at a selected location (no scanning). We applied a cyclic, arterial blood pressure perturbation by alternating inflation (to a pressure of 200 mmHg) and deflation of a pneumatic cuff around the subject's thigh at a frequency of 0.05 Hz, and measured oscillations with amplitudes up to 1 μM and 0.2 μM in the tissue concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, respectively. These hemodynamic oscillations provide information about the vascular structure and functional integrity in tissue, and may be used to assess healthy or abnormal perfusion in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishanth Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Jana M Kainerstorfer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Pamela G Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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23
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Deng B, Fradkin M, Rouet JM, Moore RH, Kopans DB, Boas DA, Lundqvist M, Fang Q. Characterizing breast lesions through robust multimodal data fusion using independent diffuse optical and x-ray breast imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:80502. [PMID: 26263413 PMCID: PMC4689098 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.8.080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To enable tissue function-based tumor diagnosis over the large number of existing digital mammography systems worldwide, we propose a cost-effective and robust approach to incorporate tomographic optical tissue characterization with separately acquired digital mammograms. Using a flexible contour-based registration algorithm, we were able to incorporate an independently measured two-dimensional x-ray mammogram as structural priors in a joint optical/x-ray image reconstruction, resulting in improved spatial details in the optical images and robust optical property estimation. We validated this approach with a retrospective clinical study of 67 patients, including 30 malignant and 37 benign cases, and demonstrated that the proposed approach can help to distinguish malignant from solid benign lesions and fibroglandular tissues, with a performance comparable to the approach using spatially coregistered optical/x-ray measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Maxim Fradkin
- Philips Research Medisys, 33 Rue de Verdun, Suresnes 92156, France
| | | | - Richard H. Moore
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Daniel B. Kopans
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | | | - Qianqian Fang
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Qianqian Fang, E-mail:
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24
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Broadband optical mammography: chromophore concentration and hemoglobin saturation contrast in breast cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117322. [PMID: 25781469 PMCID: PMC4363570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the optical characterization and quantitative oximetry of human breast cancer using spectrally-resolved images collected with a broadband, continuous-wave optical mammography instrument. On twenty-six cancer patients, we collected two-dimensional optical mammograms and created maps of the concentrations of hemoglobin, water, and lipids, as well as the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. For each cancerous breast, we analyzed the difference between the tumor region (as identified by x-ray and optical mammography) and the remainder of breast tissue. With respect to the surrounding tissue, we found that cancer regions have significantly higher concentrations of total hemoglobin (+2.4±0.4 μM) and water (+7±1% v/v), and significantly lower lipid concentration (8±2% v/v) and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (5±1%). We also found a significant correlation between the tumor optical contrast and the grade of breast cancer as quantified by the Nottingham histologic score; this demonstrates how optical signatures may be representative of metabolic and morphological features, as well as the aggressive potential of the tumor.
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25
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Mei L, Somesfalean G, Svanberg S. Frequency-modulated light scattering interferometry employed for optical properties and dynamics studies of turbid media. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:2810-22. [PMID: 25136504 PMCID: PMC4133008 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.002810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, fiber-based frequency-modulated light scattering interferometry (FMLSI) is developed and employed for studies of optical properties and dynamics in liquid phantoms made from Intralipid(®). The fiber-based FMLSI system retrieves the optical properties by examining the intensity fluctuations through the turbid medium in a heterodyne detection scheme using a continuous-wave frequency-modulated coherent light source. A time resolution of 21 ps is obtained, and the experimental results for the diluted Intralipid phantoms show good agreement with the predicted results based on published data. The present system shows great potential for assessment of optical properties as well as dynamic studies in liquid phantoms, dairy products, and human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Mei
- Atomic Physics Division, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Somesfalean
- Atomic Physics Division, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sune Svanberg
- Atomic Physics Division, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden ; Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
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26
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Sun CW, Chuang CC, Lee CY, Chen CM. Diffuser-aided time-domain diffuse optical imaging: a phantom study. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:046008. [PMID: 24723113 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.4.046008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the first experimental results of time-resolved diffuser-aided diffuse optical imaging (DADOI) method in this paper. A self-manufactured diffuser plate was inserted between the optode and the surface of a scattering medium. The diffuser was utilized to enhance the multiple scattering that destroys the image information for baseline measurement of turbid medium. Therefore, the abnormality can be detected with the modified optical density calculation. The time-domain DADOI method can provide better imaging contrast and simpler imaging than the conventional diffuse optical tomography measurement. Besides, it also reveals rich depth information with temporal responses. Therefore, the DADOI offers a great potential to detect the breast tumor and chemotherapy monitoring in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Sun
- National Chiao Tung University, Department of Photonics, Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cheng Chuang
- National Chiao Tung University, Department of Photonics, Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Lee
- National United University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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27
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Mourant JR, Marina OC, Hebert TM, Kaur G, Smith HO. Hemoglobin parameters from diffuse reflectance data. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:37004. [PMID: 24671524 PMCID: PMC3966635 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.3.037004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tissue vasculature is altered when cancer develops. Consequently, noninvasive methods of monitoring blood vessel size, density, and oxygenation would be valuable. Simple spectroscopy employing fiber optic probes to measure backscattering can potentially determine hemoglobin parameters. However, heterogeneity of blood distribution, the dependence of the tissue-volume-sampled on scattering and absorption, and the potential compression of tissue all hinder the accurate determination of hemoglobin parameters. We address each of these issues. A simple derivation of a correction factor for the absorption coefficient, μa, is presented. This correction factor depends not only on the vessel size, as others have shown, but also on the density of blood vessels. Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the dependence of an effective pathlength of light through tissue which is parameterized as a ninth-order polynomial function of μa. The hemoglobin bands of backscattering spectra of cervical tissue are fit using these expressions to obtain effective blood vessel size and density, tissue hemoglobin concentration, and oxygenation. Hemoglobin concentration and vessel density were found to depend on the pressure applied during in vivo acquisition of the spectra. It is also shown that determined vessel size depends on the blood hemoglobin concentration used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith R. Mourant
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, P.O. Box 1663, MS M888, New Mexico 87544
- Address all correspondence to: Judith R. Mourant, E-mail:
| | - Oana C. Marina
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, P.O. Box 1663, MS M888, New Mexico 87544
| | - Tiffany M. Hebert
- Jack D. Weiler Hospital, 1825 Eastchester Road, Room 3-37, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Einstein Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, 1695 Eastchester Road, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Harriet O. Smith
- Einstein Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, 1695 Eastchester Road, Bronx, New York 10461
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28
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Muscle sensor model using small scale optical device for pattern recognitions. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:346047. [PMID: 24222730 PMCID: PMC3810185 DOI: 10.1155/2013/346047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new sensor system for measuring contraction and relaxation of muscles by using a PANDA ring resonator is proposed. The small scale optical device is designed and configured to perform the coupling effects between the changes in optical device phase shift and human facial muscle movement, which can be used to form the relationship between optical phase shift and muscle movement. By using the Optiwave and MATLAB programs, the results obtained have shown that the measurement of the contraction and relaxation of muscles can be obtained after the muscle movements, in which the unique pattern of individual muscle movement from facial expression can be established. The obtained simulation results, that is, interference signal patterns, can be used to form the various pattern recognitions, which are useful for the human machine interface and the human computer interface application and discussed in detail.
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29
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Ueda S, Nakamiya N, Matsuura K, Shigekawa T, Sano H, Hirokawa E, Shimada H, Suzuki H, Oda M, Yamashita Y, Kishino O, Kuji I, Osaki A, Saeki T. Optical imaging of tumor vascularity associated with proliferation and glucose metabolism in early breast cancer: clinical application of total hemoglobin measurements in the breast. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:514. [PMID: 24176197 PMCID: PMC3817816 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared optical imaging targeting the intrinsic contrast of tissue hemoglobin has emerged as a promising approach for visualization of vascularity in cancer research. We evaluated the usefulness of diffuse optical spectroscopy using time-resolved spectroscopic (TRS) measurements for functional imaging of primary breast cancer. METHODS Fifty-five consecutive TNM stage I/II patients with histologically proven invasive ductal carcinoma and operable breast tumors (<5 cm) who underwent TRS measurements were enrolled. Thirty (54.5%) patients underwent 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography with measurement of maximum tumor uptake. TRS was used to obtain oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and total hemoglobin (tHb) levels from the lesions, surrounding normal tissue, and contralateral normal tissue. Lesions with tHb levels 20% higher than those present in normal tissue were defined as "hotspots," while others were considered "uniform." The findings in either tumor type were compared with clinicopathological factors. RESULTS "Hotspot" tumors were significantly larger (P= 0.002) and exhibited significantly more advanced TNM stage (P=0.01), higher mitotic counts (P=0.01) and higher levels of FDG uptake (P=0.0004) compared with "uniform" tumors; however, other pathological variables were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Optical imaging for determination of tHb levels allowed for measurement of tumor vascularity as a function of proliferation and glucose metabolism, which may be useful for prediction of patient prognosis and potential response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Ueda
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakamiya
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsuura
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Shigekawa
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sano
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eiko Hirokawa
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Shimada
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K, Hamamatsu City 434-8601, Japan
| | - Motoki Oda
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K, Hamamatsu City 434-8601, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamashita
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K, Hamamatsu City 434-8601, Japan
| | - Osamu Kishino
- Central US Service, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ichiei Kuji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Osaki
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Saeki
- Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
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30
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Hallacoglu B, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Optical characterization of two-layered turbid media for non-invasive, absolute oximetry in cerebral and extracerebral tissue. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64095. [PMID: 23724023 PMCID: PMC3660388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a multi-distance, frequency-domain, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method to measure the optical coefficients of two-layered media and the thickness of the top layer from diffuse reflectance measurements. This method features a direct solution based on diffusion theory and an inversion procedure based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. We have validated our method through Monte Carlo simulations, experiments on tissue-like phantoms, and measurements on the forehead of three human subjects. The Monte Carlo simulations and phantom measurements have shown that, in ideal two-layered samples, our method accurately recovers the top layer thickness (L), the absorption coefficient (µ a ) and the reduced scattering coefficient (µ' s ) of both layers with deviations that are typically less than 10% for all parameters. Our method is aimed at absolute measurements of hemoglobin concentration and saturation in cerebral and extracerebral tissue of adult human subjects, where the top layer (layer 1) represents extracerebral tissue (scalp, skull, dura mater, subarachnoid space, etc.) and the bottom layer (layer 2) represents cerebral tissue. Human subject measurements have shown a significantly greater total hemoglobin concentration in cerebral tissue (82±14 µM) with respect to extracerebral tissue (30±7 µM). By contrast, there was no significant difference between the hemoglobin saturation measured in cerebral tissue (56%±10%) and extracerebral tissue (62%±6%). To our knowledge, this is the first time that an inversion procedure in the frequency domain with six unknown parameters with no other prior knowledge is used for the retrieval of the optical coefficients and top layer thickness with high accuracy on two-layered media. Our absolute measurements of cerebral hemoglobin concentration and saturation are based on the discrimination of extracerebral and cerebral tissue layers, and they can enhance the impact of NIRS for cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation assessment both in the research arena and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertan Hallacoglu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.
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31
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Talukdar T, Moore JH, Diamond SG. Continuous correction of differential path length factor in near-infrared spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:56001. [PMID: 23640027 PMCID: PMC4023650 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.5.056001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS), changes in the concentration of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin can be calculated by solving a set of linear equations from the modified Beer-Lambert Law. Cross-talk error in the calculated hemodynamics can arise from inaccurate knowledge of the wavelength-dependent differential path length factor (DPF). We apply the extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a dynamical systems model to calculate relative concentration changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin while simultaneously estimating relative changes in DPF. Results from simulated and experimental CW-NIRS data are compared with results from a weighted least squares (WLSQ) method. The EKF method was found to effectively correct for artificially introduced errors in DPF and to reduce the cross-talk error in simulation. With experimental CW-NIRS data, the hemodynamic estimates from EKF differ significantly from the WLSQ (p < 0.001). The cross-correlations among residuals at different wavelengths were found to be significantly reduced by the EKF method compared to WLSQ in three physiologically relevant spectral bands 0.04 to 0.15 Hz, 0.15 to 0.4 Hz and 0.4 to 2.0 Hz (p < 0.001). This observed reduction in residual cross-correlation is consistent with reduced cross-talk error in the hemodynamic estimates from the proposed EKF method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Talukdar
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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32
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Larusson F, Anderson PG, Rosenberg E, Kilmer ME, Sassaroli A, Fantini S, Miller EL. Parametric estimation of 3D tubular structures for diffuse optical tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:271-86. [PMID: 23411913 PMCID: PMC3567714 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We explore the use of diffuse optical tomography (DOT) for the recovery of 3D tubular shapes representing vascular structures in breast tissue. Using a parametric level set method (PaLS) our method incorporates the connectedness of vascular structures in breast tissue to reconstruct shape and absorption values from severely limited data sets. The approach is based on a decomposition of the unknown structure into a series of two dimensional slices. Using a simplified physical model that ignores 3D effects of the complete structure, we develop a novel inter-slice regularization strategy to obtain global regularity. We report on simulated and experimental reconstructions using realistic optical contrasts where our method provides a more accurate estimate compared to an unregularized approach and a pixel based reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fridrik Larusson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
- Currently with Intellectual Ventures, Global Good, Bellevue, WA 98122,
USA
| | - Pamela G. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
| | - Elizabeth Rosenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
| | - Misha E. Kilmer
- Department of Mathematics, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
| | - Eric L. Miller
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155,
USA
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33
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Zhang W, Wu L, Li J, Yi X, Wang X, Lu Y, Chen W, Zhou Z, Zhang L, Zhao H, Gao F. Combined hemoglobin and fluorescence diffuse optical tomography for breast tumor diagnosis: a pilot study on time-domain methodology. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:331-48. [PMID: 23412647 PMCID: PMC3567719 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A combined time-domain fluorescence and hemoglobin diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system and the image reconstruction methods are proposed for enhancing the reliability of breast-dedicated optical measurement. The system equipped with two pulsed laser diodes at wavelengths of 780 nm and 830 nm that are specific to the peak excitation and emission of the FDA-approved ICG agent, and works with a 4-channel time-correlated single photon counting device to acquire the time-resolved distributions of the light re-emissions at 32 boundary sites of tissues in a tandem serial-to-parallel mode. The simultaneous reconstruction of the two optical (absorption and scattering) and two fluorescent (yield and lifetime) properties are achieved with the respective featured-data algorithms based on the generalized pulse spectrum technique. The performances of the methodology are experimentally assessed on breast-mimicking phantoms for hemoglobin- and fluorescence-DOT alone, as well as for fluorescence-guided hemoglobin-DOT. The results demonstrate the efficacy of improving the accuracy of hemoglobin-DOT based on a priori fluorescence localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Linhui Wu
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xi Yi
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiming Lu
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weiting Chen
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhongxing Zhou
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin 300072, China
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34
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Carp SA, Sajjadi AY, Wanyo CM, Fang Q, Specht MC, Schapira L, Moy B, Bardia A, Boas DA, Isakoff SJ. Hemodynamic signature of breast cancer under fractional mammographic compression using a dynamic diffuse optical tomography system. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:2911-24. [PMID: 24409390 PMCID: PMC3862147 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Near infrared dynamic diffuse optical tomography measurements of breast hemodynamics during fractional mammographic compression offer a novel contrast mechanism for detecting breast cancer and monitoring chemotherapy. Tissue viscoelastic relaxation during the compression period leads to a slow reduction in the compression force and reveals biomechanical and metabolic differences between healthy and lesion tissue. We measured both the absolute values and the temporal evolution of hemoglobin concentration during 25-35 N of compression for 22 stage II and III breast cancer patients scheduled to undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 17 patients were included in the group analysis (average tumor size 3.2 cm, range: 1.3-5.7 cm). We observed a statistically significant differential decrease in total and oxy-hemoglobin, as well as in hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tumor areas vs. healthy tissue, as early as 30 seconds into the compression period. The hemodynamic contrast is likely driven by the higher tumor stiffness and different viscoelastic relaxation rate, as well as the higher tumor oxygen metabolism rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Carp
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Amir Y Sajjadi
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; These authors contributed equally to this work ;
| | - Christy M Wanyo
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Michelle C Specht
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA ; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lidia Schapira
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Beverly Moy
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA ; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Steven J Isakoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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35
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Breast Cancer Detection of Large Size to DCIS by Hypoxia and Angiogenesis Using NIRS. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 789:211-219. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7411-1_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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36
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Heijblom M, Piras D, Xia W, van Hespen JCG, Klaase JM, van den Engh FM, van Leeuwen TG, Steenbergen W, Manohar S. Visualizing breast cancer using the Twente photoacoustic mammoscope: what do we learn from twelve new patient measurements? OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:11582-97. [PMID: 22714144 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.011582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We acquired images of breast malignancies using the Twente photoacoustic mammoscope (PAM), to obtain more information about the clinical feasibility and limitations of photoacoustic mammography. Results were compared with conventional imaging and histopathology. Ten technically acceptable measurements on patients with malignancies and two measurements on patients with cysts were performed. In the reconstructed volumes of all ten malignant lesions, a confined region with high contrast with respect to the background could be seen. In all malignant cases, the PA contrast of the abnormality was higher than the contrast on x-ray mammography. The PA contrast appeared to be independent of the mammographically estimated breast density and was absent in the case of cysts. Technological improvements to the instrument and further studies on less suspicious lesions are planned to further investigate the potential of PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heijblom
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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