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Tang ACY, Lee RLT, Lee PH, Tanida K, Chan S, Lam SC, Nailes J, Malinit JP, Juangco JRG, Wang Q, Ligot J, Suen LKP. The mediating effect of dispositional mindfulness on the association between UPPS-P impulsivity traits and gaming disorder among Asia-Pacific young adults. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:328. [PMID: 38689236 PMCID: PMC11061906 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence is available to verify the mediating effect of dispositional mindfulness on the association between gaming disorder and various impulsivity traits. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of dispositional mindfulness on the association between the five UPPS-P impulsivity traits and the risk of gaming disorder among young adults. METHODS It was an inter-regional cross-sectional study using online survey in Australia, Japan, The Philippines and China. Impulsivity measured by the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale-Short version; dispositional mindfulness measured by the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale; and the risk of gaming disorder measured by the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale were collected in the focal regions. Structural equation modeling was performed by SPSS AMOS version 26 to verify the study hypotheses. Bootstrapped 95% confidence interval was reported. Statistical significance was indicated by the p-value below 0.05. RESULTS Among the 1,134 returned questionnaires, about 40% of them aged 18-20 years and 21-23 years, respectively. 53.8% were male. 40.7% had been playing digital and video games for over 10 years. The prevalence of gaming disorder was 4.32%. The model fitness indices reflected that the constructed model had an acceptable model fit (χ2(118) = 558.994, p < 0.001; χ2/df = 4.737; CFI = 0.924; TLI = 0.890; GFI = 0.948; RMSEA = 0.058; SRMR = 0.0487). Dispositional mindfulness fully mediated the effect of positive urgency and negative urgency on the risk of gaming disorder. The effect of lack of premeditation on the risk of gaming disorder was partially mediated by dispositional mindfulness. However, dispositional mindfulness did not mediate the effect of sensation seeking on the risk of gaming disorder. CONCLUSIONS The varied associations between dispositional mindfulness and the five impulsivity traits hints that improving some impulsive traits may increase dispositional mindfulness and so lower the risk of gaming disorder. Despite further studies are needed to verify the present findings, it sheds light on the need to apply interventions on gamers based on their impulsivity profile. Interventions targeting at emotion regulation and self-control such as mindfulness-based interventions seem to be effective to help gamers with dominant features of urgency and lack of premeditation only. Other interventions shall be considered for gamers with high sensation seeking tendency to enhance the effectiveness of gaming disorder prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson Chui Yan Tang
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, 16/F, Ma Kam Chan Memorial Building, 31 Wylie Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Regina Lai-Tong Lee
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Hong Lee
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Keiko Tanida
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shun Chan
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, 16/F, Ma Kam Chan Memorial Building, 31 Wylie Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Ching Lam
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, 16/F, Ma Kam Chan Memorial Building, 31 Wylie Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jennifer Nailes
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Joy P Malinit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jose Ronilo G Juangco
- College of Medicine, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jason Ligot
- College of Public Health, University of The Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lorna Kwai Ping Suen
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, 16/F, Ma Kam Chan Memorial Building, 31 Wylie Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Hospital MM, Contreras-Pérez ME, Alessi SM, Langwerden RJ, Morris SL, Wagner EF. Mindfulness as an early intervention for hazardous alcohol use among non-treatment seeking Latine emerging adults: A mini-review. Addict Behav 2023; 145:107759. [PMID: 37276788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The age cohort referred to as emerging adults (ages 18-29 years old) demonstrates the most hazardous alcohol use in the United States (U.S.) Approximately one-third of emerging adults regularly engage in heavy episodic drinking (4/5 drinks in two hours females/males). Compared to their non-Latine White peers, Latine emerging adults in the U.S. report lower rates of heavy episodic drinking (HED) yet are at greater risk of developing a substance use disorder and experience more severe negative consequences from drinking alcohol. Despite their high-risk status, Latine emerging adults are less likely to seek treatment and have less access to innovative health-promoting resources, further exacerbating health inequities. Research has shown that practicing mindfulness can interrupt habituated cognitions, intrusive thinking, and automatic behaviors associated with hazardous drinking. However, Latine representation in MBI trials is minimal. This mini-review explores the potential value of mindfulness as an early intervention for hazardous alcohol use among Latine emerging adults. The review provides future directions for research, highlighting the need to design culturally and developmentally tailored MBIs that can provide a respectful, non-judgmental, and discrimination-free environment that appeals to Latine emerging adults. Additionally, conclusions are drawn regarding the possible benefits of pairing MBI with contingency management strategies to decrease attrition rates in MBI trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Hospital
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - María Eugenia Contreras-Pérez
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Sheila M Alessi
- Department of Medicine and the Calhoun Cardiology Center - Behavioral Health Division, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-3944, USA.
| | - Robbert J Langwerden
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Staci Leon Morris
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Eric F Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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Effects of Impulsivity on Competitive Anxiety in Female Athletes: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness Trait. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063223. [PMID: 35328913 PMCID: PMC8951821 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that athletes in competitive sports suffer from high levels of competitive anxiety, especially in the case of females. In this sense, it is necessary to identify possible risk and protective factors of those athletes in this collective who suffer from this type of anxiety. However, few studies analyze the relationship between Physical Activity (PA) and anxiety, identifying the possible mediation effect of trait variables such as impulsivity and mindfulness in female athletes. Hence, the aims of this study were: to determine differences between PA levels with anxiety, mindfulness, and impulsiveness; to identify the predictive value of sociodemographic factors and physical activity, impulsivity, and mindfulness on anxiety factors; and to analyze the possible mediating effects of mindfulness on the relationship between impulsivity and anxiety. A total of 242 female athletes underwent an assessment of physical activity, anxiety, mindfulness traits, and impulsivity using validated questionnaires. Data were analyzed according to (1) individual or collective sport, and (2) PA levels according to energy expended (METs min/day). Participants were grouped by light, moderate, and vigorous PA levels. There were 30.5% elite athletes and 73.2% collective sports athletes. Mean age was 22.1 years and mean light, moderate, and vigorous PA were 86.1 ± 136.2, 114.4 ± 159.8, and 370.1 ± 336.3 METs min/day, respectively. Those athletes performing vigorous PA exhibited lower levels of impulsiveness and higher mindfulness traits. As expected, the mindfulness trait was a mediating factor in the relationship between impulsiveness and each factor of competitive anxiety (cognitive, somatic, and self-efficacy). Female athletes could suffer competitive anxiety, especially those who present higher levels of impulsivity. However, higher levels of mindfulness traits seem to be a protective factor in the effects of impulsivity on anxiety in this population and have demonstrated to be significant mediators in this association. Further studies are needed with other female athletes to replicate these results and to determine the specific protective mechanisms of mindfulness traits in preventing competitive anxiety.
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Bicaker E, Racine SE. Protection versus risk? The relative roles of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding for eating disorder behaviors. Eat Behav 2022; 44:101592. [PMID: 34920209 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research demonstrates the protective role of self-compassion for eating disorder symptoms. However, studies investigating self-compassion most often use the Self-Compassion Scale, which aggregates the distinct but related constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. This study examined differential associations of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding with positive and negative affect and with a range of eating disorder behaviors (i.e., binge eating, purging, dietary restriction, and excessive exercise). Participants were 547 undergraduate students (59% women, Mage = 20.49, SDage = 1.83) who completed measures of self-compassion, trait affect, and eating disorder behaviors. Compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding were moderately negatively correlated (rs = -0.41 and -0.33, among women and men, respectively). Compassionate self-responding was more strongly related to positive affect, and uncompassionate self-responding was more strongly related to negative affect. Among women, uncompassionate self-responding was related to all eating disorder behaviors controlling for compassionate self-responding, whereas compassionate self-responding was not uniquely related to any eating disorder behavior. Among men, a similar pattern emerged, except that only compassionate self-responding related uniquely to excessive exercise. Results are consistent with studies showing that the presence of uncompassionate self-responding might outweigh the absence of compassionate self-responding in explaining psychopathology. Findings highlight the potential importance of primarily targeting uncompassionate self-responding in eating disorder interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ege Bicaker
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah E Racine
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Abstract
Mindfulness has grown from an obscure subject to an immensely popular topic that is associated with numerous performance, health, and well-being benefits in organizations. However, this growth in popularity has generated a number of criticisms of mindfulness and a rather piecemeal approach to organizational research and practice on the subject. To advance both investigation and application, the present paper applies The Balance Framework to serve as an integrative scaffolding for considering mindfulness in organizations, helping to address some of the criticisms leveled against it. The Balance Framework specifies five forms of balance: 1) balance as tempered view, 2) balance as mid-range, 3) balance as complementarity, 4) balance as contextual sensitivity, and 5) balance among different levels of consciousness. Each form is applied to mindfulness at work with a discussion of relevant conceptual issues in addition to implications for research and practice. Plain Language Summary In order to appreciate the value of mindfulness at work researchers and practitioners might want to consider both the benefits and potential drawbacks of mindfulness. This paper presents a discussion of both the advantages and possible disadvantages of mindfulness at work organized in terms of the five dimensions of an organizing structure called The Balance Framework.
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Royuela-Colomer E, Fernández-González L, Orue I. Longitudinal Associations between Internalizing Symptoms, Dispositional Mindfulness, Rumination and Impulsivity in Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:2067-2078. [PMID: 34244923 PMCID: PMC8416885 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness has been associated with fewer negative mental health symptoms during adolescence, but fewer studies have examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms in conjunction with two vulnerability factors for psychopathology with mindfulness: rumination and impulsivity. This study examined longitudinal associations between internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety, stress), mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity over a one-year period among 352 Spanish adolescents (57.4% girls; M = 14.47, SD = 1.34). Participants completed self-reported measures of symptoms, mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity at two time points. Mindfulness negatively predicted stress and depressive symptoms, and a bidirectional negative association was found between mindfulness and impulsivity. Impulsivity positively predicted stress, and anxiety positively predicted depressive symptoms, stress, and rumination. This study highlights the importance of mindfulness as a protective factor and impulsivity and anxiety as risk factors for internalizing symptoms throughout adolescence. These findings build on previous studies that examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms by including rumination and impulsivity’s roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estíbaliz Royuela-Colomer
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Liria Fernández-González
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Izaskun Orue
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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Petker T, Yanke C, Rahman L, Whalen L, Demaline K, Whitelaw K, Bang D, Holshausen K, Amlung M, MacKillop J. Naturalistic Evaluation of an Adjunctive Yoga Program for Women with Substance Use Disorders in Inpatient Treatment: Within-Treatment Effects on Cravings, Self-efficacy, Psychiatric Symptoms, Impulsivity, and Mindfulness. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 15:11782218211026651. [PMID: 34262285 PMCID: PMC8246483 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211026651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Addiction continues to be a major public health concern, and rates of relapse following currently-available treatments remain high. There is increasing interest in the adjunctive use of mindfulness-based interventions, such as yoga, to improve treatment outcomes. The current study was a preliminary naturalistic investigation of a novel trauma-informed yoga intervention in an inpatient treatment program for women with substance use disorder (SUD). Changes and differences in somatic symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, and psychological mechanisms were evaluated in women receiving treatment-as-usual (n = 36) and treatment-as-usual plus the yoga intervention (n = 42). For both groups, statistically significant within-subjects changes were present for somatic and psychiatric symptoms, cravings, self-efficacy, and multiple facets of impulsivity and mindfulness. Compared to standard treatment alone, participants in the treatment plus yoga condition significantly improved in range of motion and the Lack of Premeditation facet of impulsivity. Although most domains were not selectively affected, these initial within-treatment findings in this naturalistic evaluation suggest some promise for adjunctive yoga and a need for further evaluation, especially using larger samples and longer term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashia Petker
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - Christine Yanke
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Liah Rahman
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - Laurel Whalen
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Demaline
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kari Whitelaw
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Debbie Bang
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Michael Amlung
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada.,Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Gallo GG, Curado DF, Opaleye ES, Donate APG, Scattone VV, Noto AR. Impulsivity and Mindfulness among Inpatients with Alcohol Use Disorder. Subst Use Misuse 2021; 56:25-32. [PMID: 33100124 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1833924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is both a risk factor for and a consequence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), for which mindfulness-based approaches have been proven to be effective. However, the specific relationship between mindfulness and impulsivity has been little explored in the literature, especially in people with AUD. This study aims to investigate the relationship between different facets of dispositional mindfulness and impulsivity among people with AUD in an inpatient setting in Brazil. Methods: Participants (n = 165) completed the following self-report measures: the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-SF), and the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P). Multiple imputation techniques and linear models were employed to assess the relationships between dispositional mindfulness and impulsivity. Results: In complete case analysis, the UPPS-P facet "lack of premeditation" was inversely related to the FFMQ facet "non-reactivity" (B = -0.17; p = 0.01); and "positive urgency" was inversely related to "act with awareness" (B = -0.27, p = 0.02) and "non-reactivity" (B = -0.17, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Relationships of varying magnitudes between dispositional mindfulness and impulsivity domains among people with AUD were found, suggesting that higher mindfulness skills are related to less impulsive traits. Our results encourage further longitudinal studies evaluating the potential of specific mindfulness components to decrease impulsivity among AUD inpatients, including its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Gonçalves Gallo
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernandez Curado
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Emérita Sátiro Opaleye
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gonçalves Donate
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Villar Scattone
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Regina Noto
- NEPSIS - Núcleo de Pesquisa em Saúde de Uso de Substâncias - MBRP Brasil - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa e Formação em Prevenção de Recaídas Baseada em Mindfulness (MBRP) - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Rua Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Donofry SD, Erickson KI, Levine MD, Gianaros PJ, Muldoon MF, Manuck SB. Relationship between Dispositional Mindfulness, Psychological Health, and Diet Quality among Healthy Midlife Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113414. [PMID: 33172203 PMCID: PMC7695007 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness, a practice of non-judgmental awareness of present experience, has been associated with reduced eating psychopathology and emotion-driven eating. However, it remains unclear whether mindfulness relates to diet quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether dispositional mindfulness is associated with diet quality and to explore psychological factors relating dispositional mindfulness to diet quality. Community-dwelling adults (N = 406; Mage = 43.19, SD = 7.26; Mbody mass index [BMI] = 27.08, SD = 5.28; 52% female) completed ratings of dispositional mindfulness, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index was derived. Analyses were conducted using the "lavaan" package in R with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals (BootCI). Age, sex, race, education, and BMI were entered as covariates in all models. Higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with higher diet quality (β = 0.11, p = 0.03), and this effect was mediated through lower depressive symptoms (indirect effect β = 0.06, p = 0.02, BootCI = 0.104-1.42, p = 0.03). Dispositional mindfulness was negatively correlated with perceived stress (β = -0.31, p < 0.01) and NA (β = -0.43, p < 0.01), as well as positively correlated with PA (β = -0.26, p < 0.01). However, these factors were unrelated to diet quality. These cross-sectional data provide initial evidence that dispositional mindfulness relates to diet quality among midlife adults, an effect that may be explained in part by less depressive symptomatology. Given that lifestyle behaviors in midlife are leading determinants of risk for cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive impairment in late life, interventions to enhance mindfulness in midlife may mitigate disease risk. Additional research assessing the impact of mindfulness interventions on diet quality are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon D. Donofry
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.I.E.); (M.D.L.); (P.J.G.); (S.B.M.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.I.E.); (M.D.L.); (P.J.G.); (S.B.M.)
- The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Michele D. Levine
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.I.E.); (M.D.L.); (P.J.G.); (S.B.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Peter J. Gianaros
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.I.E.); (M.D.L.); (P.J.G.); (S.B.M.)
- The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Matthew F. Muldoon
- Heart and Vascular Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Stephen B. Manuck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.I.E.); (M.D.L.); (P.J.G.); (S.B.M.)
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Mindfulness in politics and public policy. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 28:87-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Effect of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention on Impulsivity Trajectories Among Young Adults in Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment. Mindfulness (N Y) 2019; 10:1997-2009. [PMID: 32595783 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-019-01164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Impulsivity has been identified as an important construct in predicting the initiation and maintenance of substance use among at-risk populations. Interventions emphasizing mindfulness strategies appear particularly promising in reducing substance use and marking change in various aspects of impulsivity. Methods The current study used a rolling group mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) intervention for young adults in residential substance use disorder treatment. We examined change in impulsivity facets measured by the S-UPPS for youth randomly assigned to MBRP (n = 45) versus those assigned to treatment as usual plus 12 step/self-help (n = 34). We also examined how change in impulsivity mediated changes in substance use post-treatment. Results In general, results indicated that MBRP is effective at reducing facets of trait impulsivity in treatment-seeking individuals with SUDs. Only positive and negative urgency mediated the relation between treatment assignment and substance use. Conclusions MBRP is a viable and useful intervention for young adults in residential treatment for substance use disorders and can aid in marked change in facets of impulsivity. Both positive and negative urgency were significant mechanisms of change in reducing substance use following treatment. Results are discussed focused on the utility of MRBP as a clinical intervention for at-risk, marginalized, and young adults.
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