1
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Bhargava A, Popel AS, Pathak AP. Vascular phenotyping of the invasive front in breast cancer using a 3D angiogenesis atlas. Microvasc Res 2023; 149:104555. [PMID: 37257688 PMCID: PMC10526652 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular remodeling at the invasive tumor front (ITF) plays a critical role in progression and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, there is a crucial need to characterize the vascular phenotype (i.e. changes in the structure and function of vasculature) of the ITF and tumor core (TC) in TNBC. This requires high-resolution, 3D structural and functional microvascular data that spans the ITF and TC (i.e. ∼4-5 mm from the tumor's edge). Since such data are often challenging to obtain with most conventional imaging approaches, we employed a unique "3D whole-tumor angiogenesis atlas" derived from orthotopic xenografts to characterize the vascular phenotype of the ITF and TC in TNBC. METHODS First, high-resolution (8 μm) computed tomography (CT) images of "whole-tumor" microvasculature were acquired from eight orthotopic TNBC xenografts, of which three tumors were excised at post-inoculation day 21 (i.e. early-stage) and five tumors were excised at post-inoculation day 35 (i.e. advanced-stage). These 3D morphological CT data were combined with soft tissue contrast from MRI as well as functional data generated in silico using image-based hemodynamic modeling to generate a multi-layered "angiogenesis atlas". Employing this atlas, blood vessels were first spatially stratified within the ITF (i.e. ≤1 mm from the tumor's edge) and TC (i.e. >1 mm from the tumor's edge) of each tumor xenograft. Then, a novel method was developed to visualize and characterize microvascular remodeling and perfusion changes in terms of distance from the tumor's edge. RESULTS The angiogenesis atlas enabled the 3D visualization of changes in tumor vessel growth patterns, morphology and perfusion within the ITF and TC. Early and advanced stage tumors demonstrated significant differences in terms of their edge-to-center distributions for vascular surface area density, vascular length density, intervessel distance and simulated perfusion density (p ≪ 0.01). Elevated vascular length density, vascular surface area density and perfusion density along the circumference of the ITF was suggestive of a preferential spatial pattern of angiogenic growth in this tumor cohort. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of differentiating the vascular phenotypes of ITF and TC in these TNBC xenografts. CONCLUSIONS The combination of a 3D angiogenesis atlas and image-based hemodynamic modeling heralds a new approach for characterizing the role of vascular remodeling in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Bhargava
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Electrical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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2
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Kiser K, Zhang J, Kim SG. Textural Features of Mouse Glioma Models Measured by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Images with 3D Isotropic Resolution. Tomography 2023; 9:721-735. [PMID: 37104129 PMCID: PMC10141208 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of anisotropic resolution on the image textural features of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of a murine glioma model using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR images acquired with an isotropic resolution at 7T with pre-contrast T1 mapping. The PK parameter maps of whole tumors at isotropic resolution were generated using the two-compartment exchange model combined with the three-site-two-exchange model. The textural features of these isotropic images were compared with those of simulated, thick-slice, anisotropic images to assess the influence of anisotropic voxel resolution on the textural features of tumors. The isotropic images and parameter maps captured distributions of high pixel intensity that were absent in the corresponding anisotropic images with thick slices. A significant difference was observed in 33% of the histogram and textural features extracted from anisotropic images and parameter maps, compared to those extracted from corresponding isotropic images. Anisotropic images in different orthogonal orientations demonstrated 42.1% of the histogram and textural features to be significantly different from those of isotropic images. This study demonstrates that the anisotropy of voxel resolution needs to be carefully considered when comparing the textual features of tumor PK parameters and contrast-enhanced images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kiser
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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3
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Berg M, Holroyd N, Walsh C, West H, Walker-Samuel S, Shipley R. Challenges and opportunities of integrating imaging and mathematical modelling to interrogate biological processes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 146:106195. [PMID: 35339913 PMCID: PMC9693675 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in biological imaging have accelerated our understanding of human physiology in both health and disease. As these advances have developed, the opportunities gained by integrating with cutting-edge mathematical models have become apparent yet remain challenging. Combined imaging-modelling approaches provide unprecedented opportunity to correlate data on tissue architecture and function, across length and time scales, to better understand the mechanisms that underpin fundamental biology and also to inform clinical decisions. Here we discuss the opportunities and challenges of such approaches, providing literature examples across a range of organ systems. Given the breadth of the field we focus on the intersection of continuum modelling and in vivo imaging applied to the vasculature and blood flow, though our rationale and conclusions extend widely. We propose three key research pillars (image acquisition, image processing, mathematical modelling) and present their respective advances as well as future opportunity via better integration. Multidisciplinary efforts that develop imaging and modelling tools concurrently, and share them open-source with the research community, provide exciting opportunity for advancing these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Berg
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Natalie Holroyd
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Claire Walsh
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Hannah West
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Simon Walker-Samuel
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Rebecca Shipley
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
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4
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Bhargava A, Monteagudo B, Kushwaha P, Senarathna J, Ren Y, Riddle RC, Aggarwal M, Pathak AP. VascuViz: a multimodality and multiscale imaging and visualization pipeline for vascular systems biology. Nat Methods 2022; 19:242-254. [PMID: 35145319 PMCID: PMC8842955 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in imaging, image-based vascular systems biology has remained challenging because blood vessel data are often available only from a single modality or at a given spatial scale, and cross-modality data are difficult to integrate. Therefore, there is an exigent need for a multimodality pipeline that enables ex vivo vascular imaging with magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and optical microscopy of the same sample, while permitting imaging with complementary contrast mechanisms from the whole-organ to endothelial cell spatial scales. To achieve this, we developed 'VascuViz'-an easy-to-use method for simultaneous three-dimensional imaging and visualization of the vascular microenvironment using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and optical microscopy in the same intact, unsectioned tissue. The VascuViz workflow permits multimodal imaging with a single labeling step using commercial reagents and is compatible with diverse tissue types and protocols. VascuViz's interdisciplinary utility in conjunction with new data visualization approaches opens up new vistas in image-based vascular systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Bhargava
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Monteagudo
- Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Priyanka Kushwaha
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janaka Senarathna
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yunke Ren
- Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan C Riddle
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Research and Development Service, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manisha Aggarwal
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Electrical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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5
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Huang Y, Zhai X, Ma T, Zhang M, Pan H, Weijia Lu W, Zhao X, Sun T, Li Y, Shen J, Yan C, Du Y. Rare earth-based materials for bone regeneration: Breakthroughs and advantages. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Zopf LM, Heimel P, Geyer SH, Kavirayani A, Reier S, Fröhlich V, Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff A, Chen Z, Nics L, Zinnanti J, Drexler W, Mitterhauser M, Helbich T, Weninger WJ, Slezak P, Obenauf A, Bühler K, Walter A. Cross-Modality Imaging of Murine Tumor Vasculature-a Feasibility Study. Mol Imaging Biol 2021. [PMID: 34101107 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01615-y/figures/6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor vasculature and angiogenesis play a crucial role in tumor progression. Their visualization is therefore of utmost importance to the community. In this proof-of-principle study, we have established a novel cross-modality imaging (CMI) pipeline to characterize exactly the same murine tumors across scales and penetration depths, using orthotopic models of melanoma cancer. This allowed the acquisition of a comprehensive set of vascular parameters for a single tumor. The workflow visualizes capillaries at different length scales, puts them into the context of the overall tumor vessel network and allows quantification and comparison of vessel densities and morphologies by different modalities. The workflow adds information about hypoxia and blood flow rates. The CMI approach includes well-established technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound (US), and modalities that are recent entrants into preclinical discovery such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM). This novel CMI platform establishes the feasibility of combining these technologies using an extensive image processing pipeline. Despite the challenges pertaining to the integration of microscopic and macroscopic data across spatial resolutions, we also established an open-source pipeline for the semi-automated co-registration of the diverse multiscale datasets, which enables truly correlative vascular imaging. Although focused on tumor vasculature, our CMI platform can be used to tackle a multitude of research questions in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M Zopf
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Center, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan H Geyer
- Division of Anatomy, MIC, Medical University of Vienna, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anoop Kavirayani
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Reier
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa Fröhlich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhe Chen
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Nics
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Zinnanti
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang J Weninger
- Division of Anatomy, MIC, Medical University of Vienna, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Center, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Obenauf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Katja Bühler
- VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Walter
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Yu X, Zheng Q, Zhang Q, Zhang S, He Y, Guo W. MCM3AP-AS1: An Indispensable Cancer-Related LncRNA. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752718. [PMID: 34692706 PMCID: PMC8529123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein-coding ability. MCM3AP-AS1, a novel lncRNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancers. It is significantly associated with many clinical characteristics, such as tumor size, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and pathological grade. Additionally, it considerably promotes or suppresses tumor progression by controlling the biological functions of cells. MCM3AP-AS1 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment. In this review, we briefly summarized the published studies on the expression, biological function, and regulatory mechanisms of MCM3AP-AS1. We also discussed the clinical applications of MCM3AP-AS1 as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Tian M, He X, Jin C, He X, Wu S, Zhou R, Zhang X, Zhang K, Gu W, Wang J, Zhang H. Transpathology: molecular imaging-based pathology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:2338-2350. [PMID: 33585964 PMCID: PMC8241651 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pathology is the medical specialty concerned with the study of the disease nature and causes, playing a key role in bridging basic researches and clinical medicine. In the course of development, pathology has significantly expanded our understanding of disease, and exerted enormous impact on the management of patients. However, challenges facing pathology, the inherent invasiveness of pathological practice and the persistent concerns on the sample representativeness, constitute its limitations. Molecular imaging is a noninvasive technique to visualize, characterize, and measure biological processes at the molecular level in living subjects. With the continuous development of equipment and probes, molecular imaging has enabled an increasingly precise evaluation of pathophysiological changes. A new pathophysiology visualization system based on molecular imaging is forming and shows the great potential to reform the pathological practice. Several improvements in "trans-," including trans-scale, transparency, and translation, would be driven by this new kind of pathological practice. Pathological changes could be evaluated in a trans-scale imaging mode; tissues could be transparentized to better present the underlying pathophysiological information; and the translational processes of basic research to the clinical practice would be better facilitated. Thus, transpathology would greatly facilitate in deciphering the pathophysiological events in a multiscale perspective, and supporting the precision medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xuexin He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Weizhong Gu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Zopf LM, Heimel P, Geyer SH, Kavirayani A, Reier S, Fröhlich V, Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff A, Chen Z, Nics L, Zinnanti J, Drexler W, Mitterhauser M, Helbich T, Weninger WJ, Slezak P, Obenauf A, Bühler K, Walter A. Cross-Modality Imaging of Murine Tumor Vasculature-a Feasibility Study. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:874-893. [PMID: 34101107 PMCID: PMC8578087 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01615-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor vasculature and angiogenesis play a crucial role in tumor progression. Their visualization is therefore of utmost importance to the community. In this proof-of-principle study, we have established a novel cross-modality imaging (CMI) pipeline to characterize exactly the same murine tumors across scales and penetration depths, using orthotopic models of melanoma cancer. This allowed the acquisition of a comprehensive set of vascular parameters for a single tumor. The workflow visualizes capillaries at different length scales, puts them into the context of the overall tumor vessel network and allows quantification and comparison of vessel densities and morphologies by different modalities. The workflow adds information about hypoxia and blood flow rates. The CMI approach includes well-established technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound (US), and modalities that are recent entrants into preclinical discovery such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM). This novel CMI platform establishes the feasibility of combining these technologies using an extensive image processing pipeline. Despite the challenges pertaining to the integration of microscopic and macroscopic data across spatial resolutions, we also established an open-source pipeline for the semi-automated co-registration of the diverse multiscale datasets, which enables truly correlative vascular imaging. Although focused on tumor vasculature, our CMI platform can be used to tackle a multitude of research questions in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M Zopf
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Center, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria.,Core Facility Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan H Geyer
- Division of Anatomy, MIC, Medical University of Vienna, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anoop Kavirayani
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Reier
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa Fröhlich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhe Chen
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Nics
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Zinnanti
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang J Weninger
- Division of Anatomy, MIC, Medical University of Vienna, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Trauma Research Center, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Obenauf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Katja Bühler
- VRVis Zentrum für Virtual Reality und Visualisierung Forschungs-GmbH, Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Walter
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Zhang R, Zhao LY, Zhao CY, Wang M, Liu SR, Li JC, Zhao RN, Wang RJ, Yang F, Zhu L, He XJ, Li CH, Jiang YX, Yang M. Exploring the diagnostic value of photoacoustic imaging for breast cancer: the identification of regional photoacoustic signal differences of breast tumors. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1407-1421. [PMID: 33796362 PMCID: PMC7984795 DOI: 10.1364/boe.417056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We examined 14 benign and 26 malignant breast nodules by a handheld dual-modal PA/US imaging system and analyzed the data using the quantitative and semi-quantitative method. The PA signal spatial density and PA scores of different regions of the benign and malignant nodules were compared, and the diagnostic performances of two diagnostic methods based on PA parameters were evaluated. For both quantitative and semi-quantitative results, significant differences in the distributions of PA signals in different regions of benign and malignant breast lesions were identified. The PA parameters showed good performance in diagnosing breast cancer, indicating the potential of PAI in clinical utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Yi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Rui Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Chu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Na Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Jiao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Jin He
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang-Hui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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11
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Tang M, Park SH, Petri S, Yu H, Rueda CB, Abel ED, Kim CY, Hillman EM, Li F, Lee Y, Ding L, Jagadish S, Frankel WN, De Vivo DC, Monani UR. An early endothelial cell-specific requirement for Glut1 is revealed in Glut1 deficiency syndrome model mice. JCI Insight 2021; 6:145789. [PMID: 33351789 PMCID: PMC7934852 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Paucity of the glucose transporter-1 (Glut1) protein resulting from haploinsufficiency of the SLC2A1 gene arrests cerebral angiogenesis and disrupts brain function to cause Glut1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1 DS). Restoring Glut1 to Glut1 DS model mice prevents disease, but the precise cellular sites of action of the transporter, its temporal requirements, and the mechanisms linking scarcity of the protein to brain cell dysfunction remain poorly understood. Here, we show that Glut1 functions in a cell-autonomous manner in the cerebral microvasculature to affect endothelial tip cells and, thus, brain angiogenesis. Moreover, brain endothelial cell–specific Glut1 depletion not only triggers a severe neuroinflammatory response in the Glut1 DS brain, but also reduces levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and causes overt disease. Reduced BDNF correlated with fewer neurons in the Glut1 DS brain. Controlled depletion of the protein demonstrated that brain pathology and disease severity was greatest when Glut1 scarcity was induced neonatally, during brain angiogenesis. Reducing Glut1 at later stages had mild or little effect. Our results suggest that targeting brain endothelial cells during early development is important to ensure proper brain angiogenesis, prevent neuroinflammation, maintain BDNF levels, and preserve neuron numbers. This requirement will be essential for any disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for Glut1 DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxue Tang
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah H Park
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sabrina Petri
- Department of Genetics & Development and the Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hang Yu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos B Rueda
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Carla Y Kim
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mc Hillman
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fanghua Li
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yeojin Lee
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Smitha Jagadish
- Rare & Neurological Diseases Research, Sanofi Genzyme, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wayne N Frankel
- Department of Genetics & Development and the Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Umrao R Monani
- Department of Neurology and.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Tumor Ensemble-Based Modeling and Visualization of Emergent Angiogenic Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5276. [PMID: 30918274 PMCID: PMC6437174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40888-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for new tools to investigate the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and phenotypic alterations that arise in the tumor microenvironment. However, computational investigations of emergent inter- and intra-tumor angiogenic heterogeneity necessitate 3D microvascular data from 'whole-tumors' as well as "ensembles" of tumors. Until recently, technical limitations such as 3D imaging capabilities, computational power and cost precluded the incorporation of whole-tumor microvascular data in computational models. Here, we describe a novel computational approach based on multimodality, 3D whole-tumor imaging data acquired from eight orthotopic breast tumor xenografts (i.e. a tumor 'ensemble'). We assessed the heterogeneous angiogenic landscape from the microvascular to tumor ensemble scale in terms of vascular morphology, emergent hemodynamics and intravascular oxygenation. We demonstrate how the abnormal organization and hemodynamics of the tumor microvasculature give rise to unique microvascular niches within the tumor and contribute to inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. These tumor ensemble-based simulations together with unique data visualization approaches establish the foundation of a novel 'cancer atlas' for investigators to develop their own in silico systems biology applications. We expect this hybrid image-based modeling framework to be adaptable for the study of other tissues (e.g. brain, heart) and other vasculature-dependent diseases (e.g. stroke, myocardial infarction).
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13
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Gu S, Xue J, Xi Y, Tang R, Jin W, Chen JJ, Zhang X, Shao ZM, Wu J. Evaluating the effect of Avastin on breast cancer angiogenesis using synchrotron radiation. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:418-426. [PMID: 31032189 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.03.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The visualization of microvasculature is an essential step in understanding the mechanisms underlying early vessel disorders involved in breast cancer and for developing effective therapeutic strategies. However, generating detailed and reproducible data using immunohistochemistry analysis of breast cancer angiogenesis has been difficult. Methods To analyze the diversification of angiogenesis in the development of tumor growth and evaluate the anti-vascular effects of Avastin (bevacizumab), we used new X-ray microangiography and third-generation synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography (SR micro-CT) technology. With these techniques, we were able to investigate the structures and density of microvessels in xenograft mouse models (n=24). Barium sulfate nanoparticles were injected into the left cardiac ventricle of the mice to allow the visualization of blood vessels. Results Three-dimensional structures of microvessels were displayed with a high spatial image resolution of 20-30 µm. The density of angiogenesis and the incidence of lung metastasis were significantly reduced in xenograft mouse models of breast cancer treated with Avastin compared with control groups. Also, the density of smaller vessels (diameter <50 µm) was significantly decreased in the Avastin-treated mice, while the density of larger vessels (diameter >100 µm) was not significantly changed. Conclusions Avastin inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis by reducing microvessels. Additionally, synchrotron radiation (SR) techniques are useful as an additional tool for more precise quantification of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmei Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingyan Xue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Xi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Rongbiao Tang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Jian Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Min Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Fusser M, Øverbye A, Pandya AD, Mørch Ý, Borgos SE, Kildal W, Snipstad S, Sulheim E, Fleten KG, Askautrud HA, Engebraaten O, Flatmark K, Iversen TG, Sandvig K, Skotland T, Mælandsmo GM. Cabazitaxel-loaded Poly(2-ethylbutyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles improve treatment efficacy in a patient derived breast cancer xenograft. J Control Release 2018; 293:183-192. [PMID: 30529259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of poly(2-ethyl-butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles containing the cytotoxic drug cabazitaxel was studied in three breast cancer cell lines and one basal-like patient-derived xenograft model grown in the mammary fat pad of immunodeficient mice. Nanoparticle-encapsulated cabazitaxel had a much better efficacy than similar concentrations of free drug in the basal-like patient-derived xenograft and resulted in complete remission of 6 out of 8 tumors, whereas free drug gave complete remission only with 2 out of 9 tumors. To investigate the different efficacies obtained with nanoparticle-encapsulated versus free cabazitaxel, mass spectrometry quantification of cabazitaxel was performed in mice plasma and selected tissue samples. Nanoparticle-encapsulated drug had a longer circulation time in blood. There was approximately a three times higher drug concentration in tumor tissue 24 h after injection, and two times higher 96 h after injection of nanoparticles with drug compared to the free drug. The tissue biodistribution obtained after 24 h using mass spectrometry analyses correlates well with biodistribution data obtained using IVIS® Spectrum in vivo imaging of nanoparticles labeled with the fluorescent substance NR668, indicating that these data also are representative for the nanoparticle distribution. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was used to estimate infiltration of macrophages into the tumor tissue following injection of nanoparticle-encapsulated and free cabazitaxel. The higher infiltration of anti-tumorigenic versus pro-tumorigenic macrophages in tumors treated with the nanoparticles might also contribute to the improved effect obtained with the nanoparticle-encapsulated drug. Tumor infiltration of pro-tumorigenic macrophages was four times lower when using nanoparticles containing cabazitaxel than when using particles without drug, and we speculate that the very good therapeutic efficacy obtained with our cabazitaxel-containing particles may be due to their ability to reduce the level of pro-tumorigenic macrophages in the tumor. In summary, encapsulation of cabazitaxel in poly(2-ethyl-butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles seems promising for treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Fusser
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Øverbye
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Abhilash D Pandya
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ýrr Mørch
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sven Even Borgos
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wanja Kildal
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Einar Sulheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karianne Giller Fleten
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne Arenberg Askautrud
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Engebraaten
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, The Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjersti Flatmark
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, The Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Geir Iversen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Sandvig
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Skotland
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gunhild M Mælandsmo
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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15
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Vinayak M. Molecular Action of Herbal Antioxidants in Regulation of Cancer Growth: Scope for Novel Anticancer Drugs. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:1199-1209. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1539187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Vinayak
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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16
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Epah J, Pálfi K, Dienst FL, Malacarne PF, Bremer R, Salamon M, Kumar S, Jo H, Schürmann C, Brandes RP. 3D Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Vascular Networks: A Comparison of Ultramicroscopy and Micro-Computed Tomography. Theranostics 2018; 8:2117-2133. [PMID: 29721067 PMCID: PMC5928875 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Classic histology is the gold standard for vascular network imaging and analysis. The method however is laborious and prone to artefacts. Here, the suitability of ultramicroscopy (UM) and micro-computed tomography (CT) was studied to establish potential alternatives to histology. Methods: The vasculature of murine organs (kidney, heart and atherosclerotic carotid arteries) was visualized using conventional 2D microscopy, 3D light sheet ultramicroscopy (UM) and micro-CT. Moreover, spheroid-based human endothelial cell vessel formation in mice was quantified. Fluorescently labeled Isolectin GS-IB4 A647 was used for in vivo labeling of vasculature for UM analysis, and analyses were performed ex vivo after sample preparation. For CT imaging, animals were perfused postmortem with radiopaque contrast agent. Results: Using UM imaging, 3D vascular network information could be obtained in samples of animals receiving in vivo injection of the fluorescently labeled Isolectin GS-IB4. Resolution was sufficient to measure single endothelial cell integration into capillaries in the spheroid-based matrigel plug assay. Because of the selective staining of the endothelium, imaging of larger vessels yielded less favorable results. Using micro-CT or even nano-CT, imaging of capillaries was impossible due to insufficient X-ray absorption and thus insufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Identification of lumen in murine arteries using micro-CT was in contrast superior to UM. Conclusion: UM and micro-CT are two complementary techniques. Whereas UM is ideal for imaging and especially quantifying capillary networks and arterioles, larger vascular structures are easier and faster to quantify and visualize using micro-CT. 3D information of both techniques is superior to 2D histology. UM and micro-CT together may open a new field of clinical pathology diagnosis.
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17
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Pinkert MA, Salkowski LR, Keely PJ, Hall TJ, Block WF, Eliceiri KW. Review of quantitative multiscale imaging of breast cancer. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2018; 5:010901. [PMID: 29392158 PMCID: PMC5777512 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.5.1.010901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and ranks second in terms of overall cancer deaths. One of the difficulties associated with treating breast cancer is that it is a heterogeneous disease with variations in benign and pathologic tissue composition, which contributes to disease development, progression, and treatment response. Many of these phenotypes are uncharacterized and their presence is difficult to detect, in part due to the sparsity of methods to correlate information between the cellular microscale and the whole-breast macroscale. Quantitative multiscale imaging of the breast is an emerging field concerned with the development of imaging technology that can characterize anatomic, functional, and molecular information across different resolutions and fields of view. It involves a diverse collection of imaging modalities, which touch large sections of the breast imaging research community. Prospective studies have shown promising results, but there are several challenges, ranging from basic physics and engineering to data processing and quantification, that must be met to bring the field to maturity. This paper presents some of the challenges that investigators face, reviews currently used multiscale imaging methods for preclinical imaging, and discusses the potential of these methods for clinical breast imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Pinkert
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Lonie R. Salkowski
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Radiology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Patricia J. Keely
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Timothy J. Hall
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Walter F. Block
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Radiology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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18
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Bulant CA, Blanco PJ, Müller LO, Scharfstein J, Svensjö E. Computer-aided quantification of microvascular networks: Application to alterations due to pathological angiogenesis in the hamster. Microvasc Res 2017; 112:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Mukai K, Zhu W, Nakajima Y, Kobayashi M, Nakatani T. Non-invasive longitudinal monitoring of angiogenesis in a murine full-thickness cutaneous wound healing model using high-resolution three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Skin Res Technol 2017; 23:581-587. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Mukai
- Faculty of Health Sciences; Institute of Medical; Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - W. Zhu
- Department of Quantum Medical Technology; Graduate Course of Medical Science and Technology; Division of Health Sciences; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - Y. Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Nursing; Graduate Course of Nursing Science; Division of Health Sciences; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - M. Kobayashi
- Wellness Promotion Science Center; Institute of Medical; Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - T. Nakatani
- Faculty of Health Sciences; Institute of Medical; Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
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20
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Brain microvasculature defects and Glut1 deficiency syndrome averted by early repletion of the glucose transporter-1 protein. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14152. [PMID: 28106060 PMCID: PMC5263887 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the SLC2A1 gene and paucity of its translated product, the glucose transporter-1 (Glut1) protein, disrupt brain function and cause the neurodevelopmental disorder, Glut1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1 DS). There is little to suggest how reduced Glut1 causes cognitive dysfunction and no optimal treatment for Glut1 DS. We used model mice to demonstrate that low Glut1 protein arrests cerebral angiogenesis, resulting in a profound diminution of the brain microvasculature without compromising the blood-brain barrier. Studies to define the temporal requirements for Glut1 reveal that pre-symptomatic, AAV9-mediated repletion of the protein averts brain microvasculature defects and prevents disease, whereas augmenting the protein late, during adulthood, is devoid of benefit. Still, treatment following symptom onset can be effective; Glut1 repletion in early-symptomatic mutants that have experienced sustained periods of low brain glucose nevertheless restores the cerebral microvasculature and ameliorates disease. Timely Glut1 repletion may thus constitute an effective treatment for Glut1 DS.
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21
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Sala E, Mema E, Himoto Y, Veeraraghavan H, Brenton JD, Snyder A, Weigelt B, Vargas HA. Unravelling tumour heterogeneity using next-generation imaging: radiomics, radiogenomics, and habitat imaging. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:3-10. [PMID: 27742105 PMCID: PMC5503113 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity in cancers has been observed at the histological and genetic levels, and increased levels of intra-tumour genetic heterogeneity have been reported to be associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This review provides an overview of radiomics, radiogenomics, and habitat imaging, and examines the use of these newly emergent fields in assessing tumour heterogeneity and its implications. It reviews the potential value of radiomics and radiogenomics in assisting in the diagnosis of cancer disease and determining cancer aggressiveness. This review discusses how radiogenomic analysis can be further used to guide treatment therapy for individual tumours by predicting drug response and potential therapy resistance and examines its role in developing radiomics as biomarkers of oncological outcomes. Lastly, it provides an overview of the obstacles in these emergent fields today including reproducibility, need for validation, imaging analysis standardisation, data sharing and clinical translatability and offers potential solutions to these challenges towards the realisation of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sala
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - E Mema
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Y Himoto
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - H Veeraraghavan
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - A Snyder
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - B Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - H A Vargas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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The Potential of High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Microscopy in the Pathologic Analysis of Resected Breast and Lymph Tissue. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17435. [PMID: 26639673 PMCID: PMC4671009 DOI: 10.1038/srep17435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic evaluation of breast specimens requires a fixation and staining procedure of at least 12 hours duration, delaying diagnosis and post-operative planning. Here we introduce an MRI technique with a custom-designed radiofrequency resonator for imaging breast and lymph tissue with sufficient spatial resolution and speed to guide pathologic interpretation and offer value in clinical decision making. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to image breast and lymphatic tissue using 7.0 Tesla MRI, achieving a spatial resolution of 59 × 59 × 94 μm3 with a signal-to-noise ratio of 15–20, in an imaging time of 56 to 70 minutes. These are the first MR images to reveal characteristic pathologic features of both benign and malignant breast and lymph tissue, some of which were discernible by blinded pathologists who had no prior training in high resolution MRI interpretation.
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Organ-wide 3D-imaging and topological analysis of the continuous microvascular network in a murine lymph node. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16534. [PMID: 26567707 PMCID: PMC4645097 DOI: 10.1038/srep16534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the microvasculature has previously been limited by the lack of methods capable of capturing and modelling complete vascular networks. We used novel imaging and computational techniques to establish the topology of the entire blood vessel network of a murine lymph node, combining 63,706 confocal images at 2 μm pixel resolution to cover a volume of 3.88 mm(3). Detailed measurements including the distribution of vessel diameters, branch counts, and identification of voids were subsequently re-visualised in 3D revealing regional specialisation within the network. By focussing on critical immune microenvironments we quantified differences in their vascular topology. We further developed a morphology-based approach to identify High Endothelial Venules, key sites for lymphocyte extravasation. These data represent a comprehensive and continuous blood vessel network of an entire organ and provide benchmark measurements that will inform modelling of blood vessel networks as well as enable comparison of vascular topology in different organs.
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Kersemans V, Kannan P, Beech JS, Bates R, Irving B, Gilchrist S, Allen PD, Thompson J, Kinchesh P, Casteleyn C, Schnabel J, Partridge M, Muschel RJ, Smart SC. Improving In Vivo High-Resolution CT Imaging of the Tumour Vasculature in Xenograft Mouse Models through Reduction of Motion and Bone-Streak Artefacts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128537. [PMID: 26046526 PMCID: PMC4457787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical in vivo CT is commonly used to visualise vessels at a macroscopic scale. However, it is prone to many artefacts which can degrade the quality of CT images significantly. Although some artefacts can be partially corrected for during image processing, they are best avoided during acquisition. Here, a novel imaging cradle and tumour holder was designed to maximise CT resolution. This approach was used to improve preclinical in vivo imaging of the tumour vasculature. PROCEDURES A custom built cradle containing a tumour holder was developed and fix-mounted to the CT system gantry to avoid artefacts arising from scanner vibrations and out-of-field sample positioning. The tumour holder separated the tumour from bones along the axis of rotation of the CT scanner to avoid bone-streaking. It also kept the tumour stationary and insensitive to respiratory motion. System performance was evaluated in terms of tumour immobilisation and reduction of motion and bone artefacts. Pre- and post-contrast CT followed by sequential DCE-MRI of the tumour vasculature in xenograft transplanted mice was performed to confirm vessel patency and demonstrate the multimodal capacity of the new cradle. Vessel characteristics such as diameter, and branching were quantified. RESULTS Image artefacts originating from bones and out-of-field sample positioning were avoided whilst those resulting from motions were reduced significantly, thereby maximising the resolution that can be achieved with CT imaging in vivo. Tumour vessels ≥ 77 μm could be resolved and blood flow to the tumour remained functional. The diameter of each tumour vessel was determined and plotted as histograms and vessel branching maps were created. Multimodal imaging using this cradle assembly was preserved and demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The presented imaging workflow minimised image artefacts arising from scanner induced vibrations, respiratory motion and radiopaque structures and enabled in vivo CT imaging and quantitative analysis of the tumour vasculature at higher resolution than was possible before. Moreover, it can be applied in a multimodal setting, therefore combining anatomical and dynamic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Kersemans
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pavitra Kannan
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Beech
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Russell Bates
- The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Irving
- The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Gilchrist
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D. Allen
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Thompson
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kinchesh
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Casteleyn
- Laboratory for Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Julia Schnabel
- The Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Partridge
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J. Muschel
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sean C. Smart
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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25
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Grech G, Zhan X, Yoo BC, Bubnov R, Hagan S, Danesi R, Vittadini G, Desiderio DM. EPMA position paper in cancer: current overview and future perspectives. EPMA J 2015; 6:9. [PMID: 25908947 PMCID: PMC4407842 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-015-0030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
At present, a radical shift in cancer treatment is occurring in terms of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). Individual patients will participate in more aspects of their healthcare. During the development of PPPM, many rapid, specific, and sensitive new methods for earlier detection of cancer will result in more efficient management of the patient and hence a better quality of life. Coordination of the various activities among different healthcare professionals in primary, secondary, and tertiary care requires well-defined competencies, implementation of training and educational programs, sharing of data, and harmonized guidelines. In this position paper, the current knowledge to understand cancer predisposition and risk factors, the cellular biology of cancer, predictive markers and treatment outcome, the improvement in technologies in screening and diagnosis, and provision of better drug development solutions are discussed in the context of a better implementation of personalized medicine. Recognition of the major risk factors for cancer initiation is the key for preventive strategies (EPMA J. 4(1):6, 2013). Of interest, cancer predisposing syndromes in particular the monogenic subtypes that lead to cancer progression are well defined and one should focus on implementation strategies to identify individuals at risk to allow preventive measures and early screening/diagnosis. Implementation of such measures is disturbed by improper use of the data, with breach of data protection as one of the risks to be heavily controlled. Population screening requires in depth cost-benefit analysis to justify healthcare costs, and the parameters screened should provide information that allow an actionable and deliverable solution, for better healthcare provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Grech
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Division of Translational and Clinical Research I, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, 410-769 Republic of Korea
| | - Rostyslav Bubnov
- Clinical Hospital 'Pheophania' of State Management of Affairs Department, Kyiv, Ukraine ; Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Suzanne Hagan
- Dept of Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Romano Danesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Dominic M Desiderio
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Center for Health Science, Memphis, USA
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26
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O'Connor JPB, Rose CJ, Waterton JC, Carano RAD, Parker GJM, Jackson A. Imaging intratumor heterogeneity: role in therapy response, resistance, and clinical outcome. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:249-57. [PMID: 25421725 PMCID: PMC4688961 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumors exhibit genomic and phenotypic heterogeneity, which has prognostic significance and may influence response to therapy. Imaging can quantify the spatial variation in architecture and function of individual tumors through quantifying basic biophysical parameters such as CT density or MRI signal relaxation rate; through measurements of blood flow, hypoxia, metabolism, cell death, and other phenotypic features; and through mapping the spatial distribution of biochemical pathways and cell signaling networks using PET, MRI, and other emerging molecular imaging techniques. These methods can establish whether one tumor is more or less heterogeneous than another and can identify subregions with differing biology. In this article, we review the image analysis methods currently used to quantify spatial heterogeneity within tumors. We discuss how analysis of intratumor heterogeneity can provide benefit over more simple biomarkers such as tumor size and average function. We consider how imaging methods can be integrated with genomic and pathology data, instead of being developed in isolation. Finally, we identify the challenges that must be overcome before measurements of intratumoral heterogeneity can be used routinely to guide patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P B O'Connor
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. Department of Radiology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom. james.o'
| | - Chris J Rose
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - John C Waterton
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. R&D Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A D Carano
- Biomedical Imaging Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Geoff J M Parker
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Jackson
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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27
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Cebulla J, Huuse EM, Pettersen K, van der Veen A, Kim E, Andersen S, Prestvik WS, Bofin AM, Pathak AP, Bjørkøy G, Bathen TF, Moestue SA. MRI reveals the in vivo cellular and vascular response to BEZ235 in ovarian cancer xenografts with different PI3-kinase pathway activity. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:504-13. [PMID: 25535727 PMCID: PMC4453650 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is an attractive therapeutic target. However, difficulty in predicting therapeutic response limits the clinical implementation of PI3K inhibitors. This study evaluates the utility of clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for noninvasively assessing the in vivo response to the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in two ovarian cancer models with differential PI3K pathway activity. METHODS The PI3K signalling activity of TOV-21G and TOV-112D human ovarian cancer cells was investigated in vitro. Cellular and vascular response of the xenografts to BEZ235 treatment (65 mg kg(-1), 3 days) was assessed in vivo using diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. Micro-computed tomography was performed to investigate changes in vascular morphology. RESULTS The TOV-21G cells showed higher PI3K signalling activity than TOV-112D cells in vitro and in vivo. Treated TOV-21G xenografts decreased in volume and DW-MRI revealed an increased water diffusivity that was not found in TOV-112D xenografts. Treatment-induced improvement in vascular functionality was detected with DCE-MRI in both models. Changes in vascular morphology were not found. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DW- and DCE-MRI can detect cellular and vascular response to PI3K/mTOR inhibition in vivo. However, only DW-MRI could discriminate between a strong and weak response to BEZ235.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cebulla
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E M Huuse
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - K Pettersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A van der Veen
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - S Andersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - W S Prestvik
- Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A M Bofin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A P Pathak
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - G Bjørkøy
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - T F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - S A Moestue
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
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28
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Schunke KJ, Toung TK, Zhang J, Pathak AP, Xu J, Zhang J, Koehler RC, Faraday N. A novel atherothrombotic model of ischemic stroke induced by injection of collagen into the cerebral vasculature. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 239:65-74. [PMID: 25314906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most ischemic strokes in humans are caused by ruptured arterial atheroma, which activate platelets and produce thrombi that occlude cerebral vessels. METHODS To simulate these events, we threaded a catheter through the internal carotid artery toward the middle cerebral artery (MCA) orifice and injected collagen directly into the cerebral circulation of male C57Bl/6 mice and Wistar rats. RESULTS Laser-Doppler flowmetry demonstrated reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) of ∼80% in mice and ∼60% in rats. CBF spontaneously increased but remained depressed after catheter withdrawal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that ipsilateral CBF was reduced at 3h after collagen injection and markedly improved at 48 h. Micro-computed tomography revealed reduced blood vessel density in the ipsilateral MCA territory at 3 h. Gross examination of excised brains revealed thrombi within ipsilateral cerebral arteries at 3 h, but not 24 h, after collagen injection. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed that platelets and fibrinogen/fibrin were major components of these thrombi at both macrovascular and microvascular levels. Cerebral infarcts comprising ∼30% of hemispheric volume and neurobehavioral deficits were observed 48 h after ischemic injury in both mice and rats. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Collagen injection caused brain injury that was similar in magnitude and variability to mechanical MCA occlusion or injection of a pre-formed clot; however, alterations in CBF and the mechanism of vascular occlusion were more consistent with clinical ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION This novel rodent model of ischemic stroke has pathophysiologic characteristics consistent with clinical atherothrombotic stroke, is technically feasible, and creates reproducible brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Schunke
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas K Toung
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F. M. Kirby Functional Imaging Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiangyang Zhang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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