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Anderson VR, Javdani S, Singh S. Persistent Paternalism: The Instantiation of Gendered Attributions in the System Response to Girls. CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 50:666-687. [PMID: 37377768 PMCID: PMC10299744 DOI: 10.1177/00938548231152184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Prior research suggests that the juvenile legal system does too little to address the sources and underlying reasons for girls' court referrals. Drawing on attribution theories, the current study examined perspectives that characterize the response of the system to girls' behaviors. Data from this study were derived from a multimethod, qualitative study on system-involved girls. We find that court actors hold gendered attributions of girls' delinquency, in turn informing their decision-making about how to treat and sanction girls. Paternalism remains a persistent feature in how the system locates, defines, and responds to girls through varying gendered attributions. The findings lend further support to attribution perspectives that suggest implicit gender-biases influence court actor decision-making, exacerbating the challenges girls face in and out of the juvenile legal system. By extension, this study offers concrete policy and practice implications for systems change and improving its response to girls.
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Nagorcka-Smith P, Bolton KA, Dam J, Nichols M, Alston L, Johnstone M, Allender S. The impact of coalition characteristics on outcomes in community-based initiatives targeting the social determinants of health: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1358. [PMID: 35841018 PMCID: PMC9288063 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coalitions are a popular mechanism for delivering community-based health promotion. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize research that has quantitatively analyzed the association between coalition characteristics and outcomes in community-based initiatives targeting the social determinants of health. Coalition characteristics described elements of their structure or functioning, and outcomes referred to both proximal and distal community changes. Methods Authors searched six electronic databases to identify peer reviewed, published studies that analyzed the relationship between coalition characteristics and outcomes in community-based initiatives between 1980 and 2021. Studies were included if they were published in English and quantitatively analyzed the link between coalition characteristics and outcomes. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute analytical cross-sectional studies assessment tool. Results The search returned 10,030 unique records. After screening, 26 studies were included from six countries. Initiatives targeted drug use, health equity, nutrition, physical activity, child and youth development, crime, domestic violence, and neighbourhood improvement. Community outcomes measured included perceived effectiveness (n=10), policy, systems or environment change (n=9), and community readiness or capacity (n=7). Analyses included regression or correlation analysis (n=16) and structural equation or pathway modelling (n=10). Studies varied in quality, with a lack of data collection tool validation presenting the most prominent limitation to study quality. Statistically significant associations were noted between community outcomes and wide range of coalition characteristics, including community context, resourcing, coalition structure, member characteristics, engagement, satisfaction, group facilitation, communication, group dynamics, relationships, community partnership, and health promotion planning and implementation. Conclusion Existing literature demonstrates that coalition characteristics, including best practice health promotion planning and evaluation, influence community outcomes. The field of coalition research would benefit from more consistent description and measurement of coalition characteristics and outcomes, and efforts to evaluate coalitions in a wider range of countries around the world. Further research using empirical community outcome indicators, and methods that consider the interrelationship of variables, is warranted. Trial registration A protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020205988). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13678-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Nagorcka-Smith
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Jennifer Dam
- Monash University, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, 8 Scenic Boulevard, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Melanie Nichols
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Laura Alston
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Deakin University, Deakin Rural Health, Faculty of Health, Princes Hwy, Warrnambool, VIC, 3280, Australia.,Research Unit, Colac Area Health, 2-28 Connor St, Colac, Victoria, 3250, Australia
| | - Michael Johnstone
- Deakin University, Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Steven Allender
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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Wells R, Coffey AM, Mullenix A, Simon J, Lich KH. Insights from the national maternal and Child Health Workforce Development Center on Title V Teams' collaborative readiness and goal accomplishment. Matern Child Health J 2022; 26:169-175. [PMID: 35474039 PMCID: PMC9482573 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose State Title V programs collaborate with diverse partners to improve maternal and child health. Since 2014, the National Maternal and Child Health Workforce Development Center has trained Title V leaders in facilitating system change. This article describes aspects of initial collaborative readiness differentiating state and jurisdiction teams that later reported meeting their goals to greater or lesser degrees. Description We used quantitative data from initial team leader reports to characterize readiness to collaborate with external partners, and their responses twelve months later to a prompt about how fully they had accomplished their goals. In addition, we coded excerpts from team leader accounts six and twelve months into their work with the Center, and retrospective coach perspectives, to identify collaborative readiness patterns. Assessment Teams whose leaders reported higher goal accomplishment twelve months after beginning work with the Center had initially reported higher levels of collaboration with key partners. Our analyses suggest that such teams were also better able to use their cohort experience with the Center to improve collaboration, including information sharing with external stakeholders. Challenges working with Medicaid were reported both by teams with more and less goal accomplishment. Conclusions Title V teams with lower levels of initial collaborative readiness may benefit from additional support in skill development, connections to key partners, and convening power. Given the crucial and increasing role of Medicaid in maternal and child health systems, more attention may be warranted to supporting all Title V programs in partnering with this funder. What is already known on this subject? Prior research has identified the ability to convene diverse stakeholders as key to achieving partnership synergies, and in turn improved community outcomes. What this study adds State and territorial Title V programs may achieve greater synergies with external partners by initially assessing and strategically enhancing collaborative readiness. Training and technical assistance providers might enhance partnership synergies through focused assistance to states with lower initial levels of external collaboration. Title V leaders may improve outcomes by leveraging their strongest collaborations to foster relationships with additional stakeholders. Title V programs in general could benefit from support cultivating relationships with Medicaid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wells
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, 77030, Houston, USA.
| | - Alexandria M Coffey
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy Mullenix
- The National MCH Workforce Development Center, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Simon
- The Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs, 1825 K Street Suite 250, 20006-1202, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kristen Hassmiller Lich
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB# 7411, 27599-7411, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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4
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Wegrzyn A, Greeson MR, Mihelicova M. A Qualitative Examination of Collaborative Infrastructure within Sexual Assault Response Teams. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 68:154-166. [PMID: 33823071 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sexual assault response teams (SARTs) are multidisciplinary interventions that seek to improve the response to sexual assault in their community. SARTs bring together relevant stakeholders (e.g., sexual assault advocates, medical/forensic examiners, police, prosecutors) to coordinate the response to sexual assault and improve survivors' help-seeking experiences. SARTs may adopt various infrastructures to guide their team (e.g., case review, subcommittees), but little is known about how infrastructure influences SART effectiveness. Therefore, this qualitative study examined the helpful versus challenging aspects of SART infrastructure. Interviews from a national random sample of 169 SART leaders revealed helpful versus challenging aspects of mission statements, formal protocols, subcommittees, team roles, trainings, meetings, and case review. Participants believed infrastructures have positive influences on interdisciplinary relationships, team efficiency, and creating improvements in responding to sexual assault. However, certain infrastructures were difficult to implement for some teams. Additionally, some infrastructures can have unintended consequences, such as exacerbating team conflict. Findings suggest that SARTs may benefit from first focusing on infrastructures that build trusting interdisciplinary relationships and widespread buy-in prior to implementing accountability-focused measures (e.g., protocols, case review).
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Calancie L, Frerichs L, Davis MM, Sullivan E, White AM, Cilenti D, Corbie-Smith G, Hassmiller Lich K. Consolidated Framework for Collaboration Research derived from a systematic review of theories, models, frameworks and principles for cross-sector collaboration. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244501. [PMID: 33395449 PMCID: PMC7781480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-sector collaboration is needed to address root causes of persistent public health challenges. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies describing theories, models, frameworks and principles for cross-sector collaboration and synthesized collaboration constructs into the Consolidated Framework for Collaboration Research (CFCR). Ninety-five articles were included in the review. Constructs were abstracted from articles and grouped into seven domains within the framework: community context; group composition; structure and internal processes; group dynamics; social capital; activities that influence or take place within the collaboration; activities that influence or take place within the broader community; and activities that influence or take place both in the collaboration and in the community. Community engagement strategies employed by collaborations are discussed, as well as recommendations for using systems science methods for testing specific mechanisms of how constructs identified in the review influence one another. Researchers, funders, and collaboration members can use the consolidated framework to articulate components of collaboration and test mechanisms explaining how collaborations function. By working from a consolidated framework of collaboration terms and using systems science methods, researchers can advance evidence for the efficacy of cross-sector collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Calancie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Leah Frerichs
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Melinda M. Davis
- Oregon Rural Practice-based Research Network, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Eliana Sullivan
- Oregon Rural Practice-based Research Network, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Ann Marie White
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Cilenti
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Maternal and Child Health Workforce Development Center, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Giselle Corbie-Smith
- Departments of Social Medicine and Internal Medicine, UNC Center for Health Equity Research, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Kristen Hassmiller Lich
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Houston-Kolnik JD, Todd NR, Greeson MR. Overcoming the "Holy Hush": A Qualitative Examination of Protestant Christian Leaders' Responses to Intimate Partner Violence. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 63:135-152. [PMID: 30222863 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Described as a "holy hush," past research has noted a general silence about and reluctance to address intimate partner violence (IPV) in religious congregations. To explore this, we interviewed 20 Protestant Christian religious leaders about how they understood and responded to IPV. Based on a thematic content analysis, our study revealed some of the challenges, tensions, and complexities that may be barriers to leaders speaking about and responding to IPV, and also the ways religious leaders in our sample attempted to overcome these challenges. For example, results revealed religious leaders understood violence on a gradation from less to more severe, and linked a need for and type of response to the level of violence. Throughout, religious leaders expressed a tension between their leadership role and responding to IPV. Furthermore, religious leaders acknowledged their need for greater training and connections to service providers, however, they reported not currently being connected to other IPV resources or organizations in the community. We discuss how the findings illuminate challenges and tensions for religious leaders in responding to IPV and how some leaders in this study were navigating these tensions to respond. We also discuss how findings may inform future research and the development of trainings and protocols for religious leaders and congregations on responding to IPV, promoting survivor safety, and fostering a greater understanding of IPV. Implications for collaboration with other community-based IPV organizations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan R Todd
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Estefan LF, Armstead TL, Rivera MS, Kearns MC, Carter D, Crowell J, El-Beshti R, Daniels B. Enhancing the National Dialogue on the Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 63:153-167. [PMID: 30801758 PMCID: PMC6449037 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Little systematic information exists about how community-based prevention efforts at the state and local levels contribute to our knowledge of intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) DELTA FOCUS program funds ten state domestic violence coalitions to engage in IPV primary prevention through approaches addressing the outer layers of the social ecology. This paper explored the ways in which DELTA FOCUS recipients have contributed to a national-level dialogue on IPV prevention. Previously undefined, the authors define national-level dialogue and retrospectively apply the CDC Science Impact Framework (SIF) to describe contributions DELTA FOCUS recipients made to it. Authors conducted document review and qualitative content analysis of recipient semi-annual progress reports from 2014 to 2016 (N = 40) using NVivo. A semi-structured coding scheme was applied across the five SIF domains: Creating Awareness, Catalyzing Action, Effecting Change, Disseminating Science, and Shaping the Future. All recipients sought to promote IPV prevention by communicating and sharing with non-CDC-funded state coalitions, national partners, and other IPV stakeholders information and resources accumulated through practice-based prevention efforts. Through implementing and disseminating their prevention work in myriad ways, DELTA FOCUS recipients are building practice-based evidence on community-based IPV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne Fuino Estefan
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Theresa L. Armstead
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Megan C. Kearns
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Denise Carter
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Crowell
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Menon SV, Allen NE. The Formal Systems Response to Violence Against Women in India: A Cultural Lens. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 62:51-61. [PMID: 29693250 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Violence against women (VAW) has become an increasingly salient issue in India, with women at risk for different forms of gendered violence. While there may be universal elements in the international phenomenon of violence against women, it is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that takes shape in a particular sociocultural context. The current study employs a narrative framework to systematically examine how culture is expressed in the formal systems response and women's help-seeking in two metropolitan cities in India. Specifically, we sought to understand, among formal system responders (a) what characterizes the dominant cultural narratives on violence against women in India; and (b) how these are reflected in community narratives of formal responders. Interviews were conducted with formal responders working in different types of local agencies (e.g., police, health centers, and non-governmental agencies). The paper illustrates the major themes that emerged from participants' narratives describing the multilevel influences that shape the formal system response to violence against women and women's help-seeking efforts. The implications of these findings for effective response and directions for future research are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole E Allen
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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9
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Calancie L, Allen NE, Ng SW, Weiner BJ, Ward DS, Ware WB, Ammerman AS. Evaluating Food Policy Councils Using Structural Equation Modeling. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 61:251-264. [PMID: 29251343 PMCID: PMC7262635 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
At least 282 Food Policy Councils (FPCs) are currently working to improve access to healthy foods in their communities by connecting food system sectors, gathering community input, and advising food policy. Empirical research on FPCs is limited. This study empirically evaluates FPCs to better understand the relationships between Organizational Capacity, Social Capital, and Council Effectiveness by testing a FPC Framework adapted from Allen and colleagues (2012). Members of all FPCs in the U.S., Canada, and Native American Tribes and First Nations were invited to complete the Food Policy Council Self-Assessment Tool (FPC-SAT). Structural equation modeling was used to test the FPC Framework. Three hundred and fifty-four FPC members from 95 councils completed the FPC-SAT. After slight modification, a revised FPC Framework was a good fit with the data (χ2 = 40.085, df = 24, p-value = .021, comparative fit index = 0.988, Tucker Lewis index = 0.982, root mean squared error of approximation = 0.044, p-close = .650). A moderation analysis revealed that community context influences the relationship between Social Capital and Council Effectiveness within the FPC Framework. The FPC Framework can guide capacity building interventions and FPC evaluations. The empirically tested framework can help FPCs efficiently work toward achieving their missions and improving their local food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Calancie
- Center for Health Equity Research, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicole E Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Shu Wen Ng
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan J Weiner
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dianne S Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William B Ware
- Educational Psychology, Measurement and Evaluation, Learning Sciences and Psychological Studies, School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice S Ammerman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Calancie L, Allen NE, Weiner BJ, Ng SW, Ward DS, Ammerman A. Food Policy Council Self-Assessment Tool: Development, Testing, and Results. Prev Chronic Dis 2017; 14:E20. [PMID: 28253474 PMCID: PMC5338598 DOI: 10.5888/pcd14.160281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of food policy councils (FPCs) exist in the United States, Canada, and Tribal Nations (N = 278), yet there are no tools designed to measure their members' perceptions of organizational capacity, social capital, and council effectiveness. Without such tools, it is challenging to determine best practices for FPCs and to measure change within and across councils over time. This study describes the development, testing, and findings from the Food Policy Council Self-Assessment Tool (FPC-SAT). The assessment measures council practices and council members' perceptions of the following concepts: leadership, breadth of active membership, council climate, formality of council structure, knowledge sharing, relationships, member empowerment, community context, synergy, and impacts on the food system. All 278 FPCs listed on the Food Policy Network's Online Directory were recruited to complete the FPC-SAT. Internal reliability (Cronbach's α) and inter-rater reliability (AD, rWG(J), ICC [intraclass correlations][1], ICC[2]) were calculated, and exploratory and a confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Responses from 354 FPC members from 94 councils were used to test the assessment. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.79 to 0.93 for the scales. FPC members reported the lowest mean scores on the breadth of active membership scale (2.49; standard deviation [SD], 0.62), indicating room for improvement, and highest on the leadership scale (3.45; SD, 0.45). The valid FPC-SAT can be used to identify FPC strengths and areas for improvement, measure differences across FPCs, and measure change in FPCs over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Calancie
- Center for Health Equity Research, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nicole E. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Bryan J. Weiner
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shu Wen Ng
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dianne S. Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alice Ammerman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., CB# 7426, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7426
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11
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Todd NR, Boeh BA, Houston-Kolnik JD, Suffrin RL. Interfaith Groups as Mediating Structures for Political Action: A Multilevel Analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 59:106-119. [PMID: 28262980 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates interfaith groups from across the United States to understand how these religious settings may serve as mediating structures to facilitate individual political action. Based on a multilevel modeling analysis with 169 individuals from 25 interfaith groups, we found that core activities of the group, such as group members sharing community information (e.g., announcing upcoming events, political meetings, community issues) or sharing religious information (e.g., educating members about their religion) positively and negatively predicted individual political action as a result of group participation, respectively. Moreover, a sense that the interfaith group served as a community to work for local change, but not trust within the group, predicted political action as a result of group participation. However, this effect for a sense the group served as a community to work for local change was stronger and more positive as the degree of community information sharing in the group increased. These results show that a core activity of sharing community information may enhance the ability of a group to mediate political action. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential role of interfaith groups to mediate political action, and show the importance of considering both individual and group characteristics when understanding these religious settings. Limitations and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Todd
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Brett A Boeh
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Kloos B. Cultivating Community Psychology for Future Generations: Symbiosis, Synergy, and Separation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 58:303-308. [PMID: 27883197 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As we near the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of a community psychology division of the American Psychological Association, there are reasons to be concerned about the sustainability of the field. This commentary proposes a need for deliberate, systematic efforts to cultivate settings that can sustain the field. A framework for outreach to build symbiotic relationships and synergistic collaborations with persons who do not identify as community psychologists is proposed. Simultaneously, a strategy of separation from other disciplines may be needed in some circumstances to conserve settings that sustain the field. Finding a balance in these strategies is necessary to cultivate community psychology for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret Kloos
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Shapiro VB, Hawkins JD, Oesterle S. Building Local Infrastructure for Community Adoption of Science-Based Prevention: The Role of Coalition Functioning. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2016; 16:1136-46. [PMID: 26017632 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-015-0562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The widespread adoption of science-based prevention requires local infrastructures for prevention service delivery. Communities That Care (CTC) is a tested prevention service delivery system that enables a local coalition of community stakeholders to use a science-based approach to prevention and improve the behavioral health of young people. This paper uses data from the Community Youth Development Study (CYDS), a community-randomized trial of CTC, to examine the extent to which better internal team functioning of CTC coalitions increases the community-wide adoption of science-based prevention within 12 communities, relative to 12 matched comparison communities. Specifically, this paper examines the potential of both a direct relationship between coalition functioning and the community-wide adoption of science-based prevention and a direct relationship between functioning and the coalition capacities that ultimately enable the adoption of science-based prevention. Findings indicate no evidence of a direct relationship between four dimensions of coalition functioning and the community-wide adoption of a science-based approach to prevention, but suggest a relationship between coalition functioning and coalition capacities (building new member skills and establishing external linkages with existing community organizations) that enable science-based prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Shapiro
- School of Social Welfare, University of California at Berkeley, 120 Haviland Hall #7400, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - J David Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - Sabrina Oesterle
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
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Abstract
Critics of mandatory interventions for intimate partner violence (IPV) propose that the justice system disempowers victims by denying them voice and choice in legal proceedings. This exploratory study examines this claim through observations of three criminal courts. Findings show that victims are offered voice and a degree of choice in only one of the three courts. Court procedures that enhance victim voice and choice include a specialized IPV court, victim advocates trained in victims' rights issues, and a lead judge who models respectful treatment of victims. The author proposes that voice and choice are distinct aspects of victim empowerment and that the provision of voice may have benefits to IPV victims that are distinct from the benefits of choice.
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15
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Sánchez V, Sanders M, Andrews ML, Hale R, Carrillo C. Community health coalitions in context: associations between geographic context, member type and length of membership with coalition functions. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2014; 29:715-729. [PMID: 24974218 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyu028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The coalition literature recognizes context (geography, demographics and history) as a variable of interest, yet few coalition evaluation studies have focused on it. This study explores the association between geographic context and structures (e.g. member type) with functional characteristics (e.g. decision making or levels of conflict) in a statewide system of community health councils (coalitions). The study was part of a multiyear, statewide evaluation of New Mexico's health councils' contributions to systems-level changes. We adapted the Coalition Self-Assessment Survey (CSAS) for all county health council members and paid council coordinators. Both multilevel univariate and multivariate procedures were used to compare index scores, summaries of CSAS questions used to characterize council functions, with selected demographic variables and region. Member type was associated with decision making and policy capacity; paid staff expressed higher levels of agreement than voting members for both items. Length of membership was associated with decision making, positive leadership and shared vision. Results indicated that geographic context was significantly associated with many functional characteristics. The study highlights the idea that geographic context may influence coalition functioning. Understanding how geographic context influences coalition planning and actions may help explain differences among coalitions that on the surface share common organizational characteristics and external goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sánchez
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Program, MSC 09_5060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and New Mexico Department of Health Public Health Division, 300 San Mateo NE, Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA.
| | - M Sanders
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Program, MSC 09_5060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and New Mexico Department of Health Public Health Division, 300 San Mateo NE, Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - M L Andrews
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Program, MSC 09_5060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and New Mexico Department of Health Public Health Division, 300 San Mateo NE, Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - R Hale
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Program, MSC 09_5060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and New Mexico Department of Health Public Health Division, 300 San Mateo NE, Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA.
| | - C Carrillo
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Program, MSC 09_5060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and New Mexico Department of Health Public Health Division, 300 San Mateo NE, Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
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Cardazone G, U Sy A, Chik I, Corlew LK. Mapping one strong 'Ohana: using network analysis and GIS to enhance the effectiveness of a statewide coalition to prevent child abuse and neglect. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 53:346-356. [PMID: 24682889 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-014-9641-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Network analysis and GIS enable the presentation of meaningful data about organizational relationships and community characteristics, respectively. Together, these tools can provide a concrete representation of the ecological context in which coalitions operate, and may help coalitions identify opportunities for growth and enhanced effectiveness. This study uses network analysis and GIS mapping as part of an evaluation of the One Strong 'Ohana (OSO) campaign. The OSO campaign was launched in 2012 via a partnership between the Hawai'i Children's Trust Fund (HCTF) and the Joyful Heart Foundation. The OSO campaign uses a collaborative approach aimed at increasing public awareness of child maltreatment and protective factors that can prevent maltreatment, as well as enhancing the effectiveness of the HCTF Coalition. This study focuses on three elements of the OSO campaign evaluation: (1) Network analysis exploring the relationships between 24 active Coalition member organizations, (2) GIS mapping of responses to a randomized statewide phone survey (n = 1,450) assessing awareness of factors contributing to child maltreatment, and (3) Combined GIS maps and network data, illustrating opportunities for geographically-targeted coalition building and public awareness activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Cardazone
- Social Science Research Institute, Office of Evaluation and Needs Assessment Services, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Saunders Hall, Suite 704, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA,
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17
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Hearld LR, Alexander JA. Governance processes and change within organizational participants of multi-sectoral community health care alliances: the mediating role of vision, mission, strategy agreement and perceived alliance value. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 53:185-197. [PMID: 24415003 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-013-9618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multi-sectoral community health care alliances are organizations that bring together individuals and organizations from different industry sectors to work collaboratively on improving the health and health care in local communities. Long-term success and sustainability of alliances are dependent on their ability to galvanize participants to take action within their 'home' organizations and institutionalize the vision, goals, and programs within participating organizations and the broader community. The purpose of this study was to investigate two mechanisms by which alliance leadership and management processes may promote such changes within organizations participating in alliances. The findings of the study suggest that, despite modest levels of change undertaken by participating organizations, more positive perceptions of alliance leadership, decision making, and conflict management were associated with a greater likelihood of participating organizations making changes as a result of their participation in the alliance, in part by promoting greater vision, mission, and strategy agreement and higher levels of perceived value. Leadership processes had a stronger relationship with change within participating organizations than decision-making style and conflict management processes. Open-ended responses by participants indicated that participating organizations most often incorporated new measures or goals into their existing portfolio of strategic plans and activities in response to alliance participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry R Hearld
- Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 3201 1st Avenue North, Birmingham, AL, 35222, USA,
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18
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Giatti LL, Ribeiro RA, de Toledo RF. Dialectic Approaches and Public Policy Interactions for Social, Environmental and Health Problems: Challenges for Health Promotion across Territorial Scales. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.67079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Advancing environmental and policy change through active living collaboratives: compositional and stakeholder engagement correlates of group effectiveness. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2013; 19:S49-57. [PMID: 23529055 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0b013e3182848056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate compositional factors, including collaborative age and size, and community, policy, and political engagement activities that may influence collaboratives' effectiveness in advancing environmental improvements and policies for active living. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Structured interviews were conducted with collaboratives' coordinators. Survey items included organizational composition, community, policy, and political engagement activities and reported environmental improvements and policy change. Descriptive statistics and multivariate models were used to investigate these relationships. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Environmental improvement and policy change scores reflecting level of collaborative effectiveness across 8 strategy areas (eg, parks and recreation, transit, streetscaping, and land redevelopment). RESULTS Fifty-nine collaborative groups participated in the interview, representing 22 states. Groups have made progress in identifying areas for environmental improvements and in many instances have received funding to support these changes. Results from multivariate models indicate that engagement in media communication and advocacy was statistically correlated with higher levels of environmental improvement, after adjusting for age of group and area poverty levels (P < .01). Groups that frequently solicited endorsements from community leaders and offered testimony in policy or legal hearings reported significantly more policy change, after adjusting for age of group and area poverty levels (P < .01 for both). CONCLUSIONS Active living collaboratives are translating the evidence on environmental and policy approaches to promote active living from research to practice. Investing in community and policy engagement activities may represent important levers for achieving structural and policy changes to the built environment.
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Goicolea I, Briones-Vozmediano E, Öhman A, Edin K, Minvielle F, Vives-Cases C. Mapping and exploring health systems' response to intimate partner violence in Spain. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1162. [PMID: 24325328 PMCID: PMC3890595 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a comprehensive health sector response to intimate partner violence (IPV), interventions should target individual and health facility levels, along with the broader health systems level which includes issues of governance, financing, planning, service delivery, monitoring and evaluation, and demand generation. This study aims to map and explore the integration of IPV response in the Spanish national health system. METHODS Information was collected on five key areas based on WHO recommendations: policy environment, protocols, training, monitoring and prevention. A systematic review of public documents was conducted to assess 39 indicators in each of Spain's 17 regional health systems. In addition, we performed qualitative content analysis of 26 individual interviews with key informants responsible for coordinating the health sector response to IPV in Spain. RESULTS In 88% of the 17 autonomous regions, the laws concerning IPV included the health sector response, but the integration of IPV in regional health plans was just 41%. Despite the existence of a supportive national structure, responding to IPV still relies strongly on the will of health professionals. All seventeen regions had published comprehensive protocols to guide the health sector response to IPV, but participants recognized that responding to IPV was more complex than merely following the steps of a protocol. Published training plans existed in 43% of the regional health systems, but none had institutionalized IPV training in medical and nursing schools. Only 12% of regional health systems collected information on the quality of the IPV response, and there are many limitations to collecting information on IPV within health services, for example underreporting, fears about confidentiality, and underuse of data for monitoring purposes. Finally, preventive activities that were considered essential were not institutionalized anywhere. CONCLUSIONS Within the Spanish health system, differences exist in terms of achievements both between regions and between the areas assessed. Progress towards integration of IPV has been notable at the level of policy, less outstanding regarding health service delivery, and very limited in terms of preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Goicolea
- Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Ann Öhman
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Alicante University, Alicante, Spain
| | - Kerstin Edin
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fauhn Minvielle
- Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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Reed SJ, Miller RL, Francisco VT. The influence of community context on how coalitions achieve HIV-preventive structural change. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2013; 41:100-7. [PMID: 23855017 DOI: 10.1177/1090198113492766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Community coalition action theory (CCAT) depicts the processes and factors that affect coalition formation, maintenance, institutionalization, actions, and outcomes. CCAT proposes that community context affects coalitions at every phase of development and operation. We analyzed data from 12 Connect to Protect coalitions using inductive content analysis to examine how contextual factors (e.g., economics, collaboration, history, norms, and politics) enhance or impede coalitions' success in achieving outcomes. Consistent with CCAT, context affected the objectives that coalitions developed and those they completed. Results suggest that local prevention history and political support have particular impact on coalitions' success in creating structural changes. These data underscore the heuristic value of CCAT, yet also imply that the contextual constructs that affect outcomes are issue specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Reed
- 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Litt JS, Reed HL, Tabak RG, Zieff SG, Eyler AA, Lyn R, Goins KV, Gustat J, Tompkins NO. Active living collaboratives in the United States: understanding characteristics, activities, and achievement of environmental and policy change. Prev Chronic Dis 2013; 10:E19. [PMID: 23391295 PMCID: PMC3567925 DOI: 10.5888/pcd10.120162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Changing the built environment to promote active lifestyles requires collaboration among diverse sectors. Multisectoral collaborative groups in the United States promote active lifestyles through environmental and policy changes. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of these collaborative groups and the extent to which they have achieved change. Methods We identified, recruited, and interviewed the coordinators of active living collaborative groups in the United States. We used descriptive statistics to characterize groups by composition, stakeholder engagement, and the extent of environmental and policy change in 8 strategic areas. Results Fifty-nine groups from 22 states participated in the study. Most groups had a diverse set of partners and used a range of activities to advance their agendas. Most groups achieved some form of environmental or policy change. On average, groups reported working on 5 strategy areas; parks and recreation (86%) and Safe Routes to School (85%) were named most frequently. More than half of groups reported their environmental initiatives as either in progress or completed. Groups reported the most success in changing policy for public plazas, street improvements, streetscaping, and parks, open space, and recreation. Complete Streets policy and zoning ordinances were the most frequently cited policy types. Engaging in media activities and the policy-making process in addition to engaging stakeholders appear to influence success in achieving change. Conclusion Although many groups successfully worked on parks and recreation improvements, opportunities remain in other areas, including transit and infill and redevelopment. Additional time and resources may be critical to realizing these types of changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill S Litt
- Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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