1
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Zhang J, Zhao L, Li H, Jia Y, Kong F. Immunosenescence and immunotherapy in older NSCLC patients. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:9-16. [PMID: 38554292 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1523_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predominantly affects the elderly since its incidence and mortality rates skyrocket beyond the age of 65. The landscape of NSCLC treatment has been revolutionized by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which have emerged after a long and mostly inactive period of conventional treatment protocols. However, there is limited data on the exact effects of these chemicals on older patients, whose care can be complicated by a variety of conditions. This highlights the need to understand the efficacy of emerging cancer medicines in older patients. In this study, we will review the data of ICIs from clinical trials that were relevant to older people with NSCLC and poor performance status. We will also discuss the role of immunosenescence in immunotherapy and biomarkers in predicting the efficacy of ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Huzi Li
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanming Kong
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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2
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Guo L, Liu X, Su X. The role of TEMRA cell-mediated immune senescence in the development and treatment of HIV disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284293. [PMID: 37901239 PMCID: PMC10602809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has plagued human society for a long time since its discovery, causing a large number of patients to suffer and costing hundreds of millions of medical services every year. Scientists have found that HIV and antiretroviral therapy accelerate immune aging by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and that terminal effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) are crucial in immune aging. This specific subset of effector memory T cells has terminally differentiated properties and exhibits high cytotoxicity and proinflammatory capacity. We therefore explored and described the interplay between exhaustion features, essential markers, functions, and signaling pathways from previous studies on HIV, antiretroviral therapy, immune senescence, and TEMRA cells. Their remarkable antiviral capacity is then highlighted by elucidating phenotypic changes in TEMRA cells during HIV infection, describing changes in TEMRA cells before, during, and after antiretroviral therapy and other drug treatments. Their critical role in complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-HIV superinfection is highlighted. These studies demonstrate that TEMRA cells play a key role in the antiviral response and immune senescence during HIV infection. Finally, we review current therapeutic strategies targeting TEMRA cells that may be clinically beneficial, highlight their potential role in HIV-1 vaccine development, and provide perspectives and predictions for related future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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3
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Chisari CG, Bianco A, Brescia Morra V, Calabrese M, Capone F, Cavalla P, Chiavazza C, Comi C, Danni M, Filippi M, Iaffaldano P, Lanzillo R, Lo Fermo S, Lucisano A, Lugaresi A, Lus G, Marfia GA, Marinelli F, Mirabella M, Moiola L, Perin C, Realmuto S, Toscano S, Trojano M, Vecchio D, Patti F. Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: a Multicenter, Retrospective, Real-world Study (OPPORTUNITY). Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1696-1706. [PMID: 37610702 PMCID: PMC10684838 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocrelizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody selectively targeting CD20-expressing B cells. The effect of ocrelizumab on primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) has been evaluated during phase 3 trials that enrolled patients under 55 years with a maximum Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of 6.5. However, little is known on older disabled patients with longer disease duration. We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of ocrelizumab in PPMS patients out of the ORATORIO eligibility criteria. This multicenter retrospective study collected data about the effectiveness of ocrelizumab in PPMS patients who received treatment between May 2017 and June 2022 in the Italian MS centers contributing to the Italian MS Registry who adhered to the Compassionate Use Program. The confirmed EDSS worsening (CEW) (defined as either a ≥ 1-point or ≥ 2-point increase in EDSS score from baseline that was confirmed at T12 and T24) was calculated. At the date of data extraction, out of 887 PPMS patients who had received ocrelizumab, 589 (mean age 49.7 ± 10.7 years, 242 (41.1%) females) were enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 41.3 ± 12.3 months. A total of 149 (25.3%) received ocrelizumab according to the ORATORIO criteria (ORATORIO group) and 440 (74.7%) outside the ORATORIO criteria (non-ORATORIO group). No differences in terms of cumulative probabilities of 12 and 24 months of CEW of ≤ 1 point were found between ORATORIO and non-ORATORIO groups. Cox regression analyses showed that age older than 65 years (HR 2.51, 25% CI 1.07-3.65; p = 0.01) was associated with higher risk of CEW at 24 months. Patients not responding to ORATORIO criteria for reimbursability may benefit from ocrelizumab treatment, as disease activity, disease duration, and EDSS seem to not impact the disability outcome. Our results may suggest to extend the possible use of this powerful agent in selected patients under the age of 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara G Chisari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia, " University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Assunta Bianco
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Brescia Morra
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care, Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Calabrese
- Neurology Section of Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Neurophysiology, and Neurobiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalla
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlotta Chiavazza
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurology Unit, Ospedale Civile Di Ciriè, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Comi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Neurology Unit, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Maura Danni
- Neurological Clinic, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Iaffaldano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Lanzillo
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care, Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Lo Fermo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia, " University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lucisano
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurology Unit and Stroke Unit, "Pugliese-Ciaccio" Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugaresi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science and Neuromotricity, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gerolama Alessandra Marfia
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Marinelli
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, Frosinone, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Perin
- Neurology Unit - Specialistic Department - ULSS5 , Polesana, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Realmuto
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neurology Unit and Stroke Unit, AOOR "Villa Sofia-Cervello, " Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Toscano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia, " University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Domizia Vecchio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Neurology Unit, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia, " University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy.
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4
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Reyes A, Ortiz G, Duarte LF, Fernández C, Hernández-Armengol R, Palacios PA, Prado Y, Andrade CA, Rodriguez-Guilarte L, Kalergis AM, Simon F, Carreño LJ, Riedel CA, Cáceres M, González PA. Contribution of viral and bacterial infections to senescence and immunosenescence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1229098. [PMID: 37753486 PMCID: PMC10518457 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1229098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a key biological process characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest. The accumulation of senescent cells creates a pro-inflammatory environment that can negatively affect tissue functions and may promote the development of aging-related diseases. Typical biomarkers related to senescence include senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, histone H2A.X phosphorylation at serine139 (γH2A.X), and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) with heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP-1γ protein) Moreover, immune cells undergoing senescence, which is known as immunosenescence, can affect innate and adaptative immune functions and may elicit detrimental effects over the host's susceptibility to infectious diseases. Although associations between senescence and pathogens have been reported, clear links between both, and the related molecular mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Furthermore, it remains to be determined whether infections effectively induce senescence, the impact of senescence and immunosenescence over infections, or if both events coincidently share common molecular markers, such as γH2A.X and p53. Here, we review and discuss the most recent reports that describe cellular hallmarks and biomarkers related to senescence in immune and non-immune cells in the context of infections, seeking to better understand their relationships. Related literature was searched in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases with search terms related to the sections and subsections of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerardo Ortiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa F. Duarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Fernández
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosario Hernández-Armengol
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yolanda Prado
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina A. Andrade
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linmar Rodriguez-Guilarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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5
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Ciarambino T, Crispino P, Buono P, Giordano V, Trama U, Iodice V, Leoncini L, Giordano M. Efficacy and Safety of Vaccinations in Geriatric Patients: A Literature Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1412. [PMID: 37766089 PMCID: PMC10537287 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progressive lengthening of the average age of the population, especially in some countries such as Italy, vaccination of the elderly is a fixed point on which most of the public health efforts are concentrating as epidemic infectious diseases, especially those of the winter, have a major impact on the progression of severe disease, hospitalization, and death. The protection of the elderly against acute infectious diseases should not only limit mortality but also have a positive impact on the fragility of these people in terms of less disability and fewer care needs. However, vaccination of the elderly population differs in efficacy and safety compared to that of other population categories since aging and the consequent loss of efficiency of the immune system lead to a reduction in the immunogenicity of vaccines without achieving a lasting antibody coverage. There are various strategies to avoid the failure of immunization by vaccines such as resorting to supplementary doses with adjuvant vaccines, increasing the dosage of the antigen used, or choosing to inoculate the serum relying on various routes of administration of the vaccine. Vaccination in the elderly is also an important factor in light of growing antibiotic resistance because it can indirectly contribute to combating antibiotic resistance, reducing theoretically the use of those agents. Furthermore, vaccination in old age reduces mortality from infectious diseases preventable with vaccines and reduces the same rate of resistance to antibiotics. Given the importance and complexity of the topic, in this review, we will deal with the main aspects of vaccination in the elderly and how it can influence mortality and healthcare costs, especially in those countries where population aging is more evident. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed to identify all types of studies published up to 31 May 2023 that examined the association between vaccination and the elderly. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers (PC and TC) who independently extracted the following data and assessed the quality of each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, ASL Caserta, 81031 Caserta, Italy
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | - Pietro Crispino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Latina, ASL Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Pietro Buono
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | | | - Ugo Trama
- Direzione di Staff Direzione Generale Tutela per la Salute Regione Campania, 80143 Naples, Italy; (P.B.); (U.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Iodice
- ASL Caserta, Direttore Sanitario Aziendale, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Laura Leoncini
- ASL Caserta, Direttore Sanitario, P.O. Marcianise, 81025 Marcianise, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania, L. Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy;
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Mohapatra L, Mishra D, Shiomurti Tripathi A, Kumar Parida S. Immunosenescence as a convergence pathway in neurodegeneration. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110521. [PMID: 37385122 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Immunity refers to the body's defense mechanism to protect itself against illness or to produce antibodies against pathogens. Senescence is a cellular phenomenon that integrates a sustainable growth restriction, other phenotypic abnormalities and including a pro-inflammatory secretome. It is highly involved in regulating developmental stages, tissue homeostasis, and tumor proliferation monitoring. Contemporary experimental reports imply that abolition of senescent cells employing evolved genetic and therapeutic approaches augment the chances of survival and boosts the health span of an individual. Immunosenescence is considered as a process in which dysfunction of the immune system occurs with aging and greatly includes remodeling of lymphoid organs. This in turn causes fluctuations in the immune function of the elderly that has strict relation with the expansion of autoimmune diseases, infections, malignant tumors and neurodegenerative disorders. The interaction of the nervous and immune systems during aging is marked by bi-directional influence and mutual correlation of variations. The enhanced systemic inflammatory condition in the elderly, and the neuronal immune cell activity can be modulated by inflamm-aging and peripheral immunosenescence resulting in chronic low-grade inflammatory processes in the central Nervous system known as neuro-inflammaging. For example, glia excitation by cytokines and glia pro-inflammatory productions contribute significantly to memory injury as well as in acute systemic inflammation, which is associated with high levels of Tumor necrosis factor -α and a rise in cognitive decline. In recent years its role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease has caught research interest to a large extent. This article reviews the connection concerning the immune and nervous systems and highlights how immunosenescence and inflamm-aging can affect neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Mohapatra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Deepak Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
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7
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Hieber C, Grabbe S, Bros M. Counteracting Immunosenescence-Which Therapeutic Strategies Are Promising? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1085. [PMID: 37509121 PMCID: PMC10377144 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging attenuates the overall responsiveness of the immune system to eradicate pathogens. The increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells under basal conditions, termed inflammaging, contributes to impaired innate immune responsiveness towards pathogen-mediated stimulation and limits antigen-presenting activity. Adaptive immune responses are attenuated as well due to lowered numbers of naïve lymphocytes and their impaired responsiveness towards antigen-specific stimulation. Additionally, the numbers of immunoregulatory cell types, comprising regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, that inhibit the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells are elevated. This review aims to summarize our knowledge on the cellular and molecular causes of immunosenescence while also taking into account senescence effects that constitute immune evasion mechanisms in the case of chronic viral infections and cancer. For tumor therapy numerous nanoformulated drugs have been developed to overcome poor solubility of compounds and to enable cell-directed delivery in order to restore immune functions, e.g., by addressing dysregulated signaling pathways. Further, nanovaccines which efficiently address antigen-presenting cells to mount sustained anti-tumor immune responses have been clinically evaluated. Further, senolytics that selectively deplete senescent cells are being tested in a number of clinical trials. Here we discuss the potential use of such drugs to improve anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hieber
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Beckers L, Somers V, Fraussen J. IgD -CD27 - double negative (DN) B cells: Origins and functions in health and disease. Immunol Lett 2023; 255:67-76. [PMID: 36906182 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Human B cells can be divided into four main subsets based on differential expression of immunoglobulin (Ig)D and CD27. IgD-CD27- double negative (DN) B cells make up a heterogeneous group of B cells that have first been described in relation to aging and systemic lupus erythematosus but have been mostly disregarded in B cell research. Over the last few years, DN B cells have gained a lot of interest because of their involvement in autoimmune and infectious diseases. DN B cells can be divided into different subsets that originate via different developmental processes and have different functional properties. Further research into the origin and function of different DN subsets is needed to better understand the role of these B cells in normal immune responses and how they could be targeted in specific pathologies. In this review, we give an overview of both phenotypic and functional properties of DN B cells and provide insight into the currently proposed origins of DN B cells. Moreover, their involvement in normal aging and different pathologies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Beckers
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Veerle Somers
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Judith Fraussen
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt-Pelt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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9
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Marrella V, Facoetti A, Cassani B. Cellular Senescence in Immunity against Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11845. [PMID: 36233146 PMCID: PMC9570409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest in response to different triggers and an inflammatory secretome. Although originally described in fibroblasts and cell types of solid organs, cellular senescence affects most tissues with advancing age, including the lymphoid tissue, causing chronic inflammation and dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune functions. Besides its normal occurrence, persistent microbial challenge or pathogenic microorganisms might also accelerate the activation of cellular aging, inducing the premature senescence of immune cells. Therapeutic strategies counteracting the detrimental effects of cellular senescence are being developed. Their application to target immune cells might have the potential to improve immune dysfunctions during aging and reduce the age-dependent susceptibility to infections. In this review, we discuss how immune senescence influences the host's ability to resolve more common infections in the elderly and detail the different markers proposed to identify such senescent cells; the mechanisms by which infectious agents increase the extent of immune senescence are also reviewed. Finally, available senescence therapeutics are discussed in the context of their effects on immunity and against infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Marrella
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, 20138 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Amanda Facoetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Cassani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20089 Milan, Italy
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10
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Diagnostic Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker in Early and Late Onset Multiple Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071629. [PMID: 35884934 PMCID: PMC9312908 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The intrathecal humoral response is the characteristic diagnostic finding in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although the average age of MS patients increases, little is known about the sensitivity of diagnostic markers in elderly MS patients. Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, intrathecal free light chains kappa fraction (FLCk IF) and oligoclonal bands (OCB) were studied in a large cohort of patients with early and late onset relapsing (RMS) and progressive (PMS) MS. Furthermore, the humoral immune profile in CSF was analyzed, including the polyspecific intrathecal immune response measured as the MRZ reaction. Results: While the frequency of CSF-specific OCB did not differ between early and late onset RMS and PMS, the sensitivity of positive FLCk IF and absolute FLCk IF values were lower in PMS. The positivity of the MRZ reaction was equally frequent in early and late onset RMS and PMS. PMS patients had higher local IgA concentrations than RMS patients (p = 0.0123). Conclusions: OCB are slightly superior to FLCk IF in progressive MS in terms of sensitivity for detecting intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis. The MRZ reaction, as the most specific parameter for MS, is also applicable in patients with late onset and progressive MS.
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11
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Sachinidis A, Garyfallos A. COVID-19 vaccination can occasionally trigger autoimmune phenomena, probably via inducing age-associated B cells. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 25:83-85. [PMID: 34766739 PMCID: PMC8652459 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Sachinidis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Garyfallos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood are disturbed in systemic sclerosis patients and can be changed by immunosuppressive medication. Rheumatol Int 2021; 42:1373-1381. [PMID: 34694439 PMCID: PMC9287253 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-05034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe chronic disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. SSc displays disturbed lymphocyte homeostasis. Immunosuppressive medications targeting T or B cells can improve disease manifestations. SSc clinical manifestations and immunosuppressive medication in itself can cause changes in lymphocyte subsets. The aim of this study was to investigate peripheral lymphocyte homeostasis in SSc with regards to the immunosuppression and to major organ involvement. 44 SSc patients and 19 healthy donors (HD) were included. Immunophenotyping of peripheral whole blood by fluorescence-activated cell sorting was performed. Cytokine secretions of stimulated B cell cultures were measured. SSc patients without immunosuppression compared to HD displayed lower γδ T cells, lower T helper cells (CD3+/CD4+), lower transitional B cells (CD19+/CD38++/CD10+/IgD+), lower pre-switched memory B cells (CD19+/CD27+/IgD+), and lower post-switched memory B cells (CD19+/CD27+/IgD−). There was no difference in the cytokine production of whole B cell cultures between SSc and HD. Within the SSc cohort, mycophenolate intake was associated with lower T helper cells and lower NK cells (CD56+/CD3−). The described differences in peripheral lymphocyte subsets between SSc and HD generate further insight in SSc pathogenesis. Lymphocyte changes under effective immunosuppression indicate how lymphocyte homeostasis in SSc might be restored.
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13
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Untersmayr E, Förster-Waldl E, Bonelli M, Boztug K, Brunner PM, Eiwegger T, Eller K, Göschl L, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Hötzenecker W, Jordakieva G, Moschen AR, Pfaller B, Pickl W, Reinisch W, Wiedermann U, Klimek L, Bergmann KC, Brehler R, Novak N, Merk HF, Rabe U, Schlenter WW, Ring J, Wehrmann W, Mülleneisen NK, Wrede H, Fuchs T, Jensen-Jarolim E. Immunologisch relevante Aspekte der neuen COVID-19-Impfstoffe. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2021; 30:34-47. [PMID: 34393384 PMCID: PMC8349614 DOI: 10.1007/s15007-021-4848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Untersmayr
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
| | - Elisabeth Förster-Waldl
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Kaan Boztug
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Patrick M. Brunner
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Lisa Göschl
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Wolfram Hötzenecker
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Galateja Jordakieva
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Alexander R. Moschen
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Birgit Pfaller
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Winfried Pickl
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Karl-Christian Bergmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Randolf Brehler
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Natalija Novak
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Hans F. Merk
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Uta Rabe
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Wolfgang W. Schlenter
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Johannes Ring
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Wolfgang Wehrmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Norbert K. Mülleneisen
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Holger Wrede
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Thomas Fuchs
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Abteilung für Neonatologie, Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin und Neuropädiatrie mit Center for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- St. Anna Kinderspital und Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
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14
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Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune responses decline with age, leading to greater susceptibility to infectious diseases and reduced responses to vaccines. Diseases are more severe in old than in young individuals and have a greater impact on health outcomes such as morbidity, disability, and mortality. Aging is characterized by increased low-grade chronic inflammation, so-called inflammaging, that represents a link between changes in immune cells and a number of diseases and syndromes typical of old age. In this review we summarize current knowledge on age-associated changes in immune cells with special emphasis on B cells, which are more inflammatory and less responsive to infections and vaccines in the elderly. We highlight recent findings on factors and pathways contributing to inflammaging and how these lead to dysfunctional immune responses. We summarize recent published studies showing that adipose tissue, which increases in size with aging, contributes to inflammaging and dysregulated B cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA; .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.,Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Alain Diaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA;
| | - Maria Romero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA;
| | - Denisse Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA;
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA; .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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15
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Peripheral B-cells repress B-cell regeneration in aging through a TNFα/IGFBP-1/IGF1 immune-endocrine axis. Blood 2021; 138:1817-1829. [PMID: 34297797 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of B lymphocyte regeneration in the bone marrow (BM) is an immunological hallmark of advanced age, which impairs the replenishment of peripheral B-cell subsets and results in impaired humoral responses, thereby contributing to immune system dysfunction associated with aging. A better understanding of the mechanism behind this loss may suggest ways to restore immune competence and promote healthy aging. In the present work, we uncover an immune-endocrine regulatory circuit that mediates cross-talk between peripheral B-cells and progenitors in the BM, to balance B-lymphopoiesis in both human and mouse aging. We found that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which is highly produced by peripheral B-cells in aging, stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), which binds and sequesters insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in the circulation, thereby restraining its activity in promoting B-lymphopoiesis in the BM. Upon B-cell depletion in aged humans and mice, circulatory TNFα decreases, resulting in increased IGF1 and reactivation of B-lymphopoiesis. Perturbation of this circuit by administration of IGF1 to old mice or anti-TNFa antibodies to human patients restored B-lymphopoiesis in the BM. Hence, we suggest that in both human and mouse aging, peripheral B-cells utilize the TNFα/IGFBP-1/IGF1 axis to repress B-lymphopoiesis.
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16
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Untersmayr E, Förster-Waldl E, Bonelli M, Boztug K, Brunner PM, Eiwegger T, Eller K, Göschl L, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Hötzenecker W, Jordakieva G, Moschen AR, Pfaller B, Pickl W, Reinisch W, Wiedermann U, Klimek L, Bergmann KC, Brehler R, Pfützner W, Novak N, Merk H, Rabe U, Schlenter W, Ring J, Wehrmann W, Mülleneisen N, Wrede H, Fuchs T, Jensen-Jarolim E. Immunologically relevant aspects of the new COVID-19 vaccines-an ÖGAI (Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology) and AeDA (German Society for Applied Allergology) position paper. ALLERGO JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 2021; 30:155-168. [PMID: 34178577 PMCID: PMC8212077 DOI: 10.1007/s40629-021-00178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vaccines against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) approved in the European Union represent a decisive step in the fight against the pandemic. The application of these available vaccines to patients with pre-existing immunological conditions leads to a multitude of questions regarding efficacy, side effects and the necessary patient information. RESULTS This review article provides insight into mechanisms of action of the currently available severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and summarises the current state of science as well as expert recommendations regarding tolerability of the vaccines. In addition, the potential to develop protective immune responses is determined. A special focus is given on patients under immunosuppression or in treatment with immunomodulatory drugs. Special groups of the population such as children, pregnant women and the elderly are also considered. CONCLUSION Despite the need for a patient-specific risk-benefit assessment, the consensus among experts is that patients with immunological diseases in particular benefit from the induced immune protection after COVID-19 vaccination and do not have an increased risk of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Förster-Waldl
- Department of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine and Neuropaediatrics with Centre for Congenital Immunodeficiencies, University Clinics of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology, University Clinics of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children’s Hospital and University Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Centre for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick M. Brunner
- University Clinics of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Göschl
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology, University Clinics of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Wolfram Hötzenecker
- University Clinics of Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Comprehensive Allergy Centre, Linz, Austria
| | - Galateja Jordakieva
- University Clinics of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander R. Moschen
- University Clinics of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Birgit Pfaller
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Winfried Pickl
- Institute of Immunology, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Clinical Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinics of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Centre for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Karl-Christian Bergmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Randolf Brehler
- Department of Skin Diseases—General Dermatology and Venereology—Outpatient Clinic for Allergology, Occupational Dermatology and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Pfützner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Natalija Novak
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans Merk
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uta Rabe
- Clinic for Allergology, Johanniter-Krankenhaus im Fläming Treuenbrietzen GmbH, Treuenbrietzen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Fuchs
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Walkowski W, Bassett J, Bhalla M, Pfeifer BA, Ghanem ENB. Intranasal Vaccine Delivery Technology for Respiratory Tract Disease Application with a Special Emphasis on Pneumococcal Disease. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060589. [PMID: 34199398 PMCID: PMC8230341 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review will cover recent trends in intranasal (IN) vaccine delivery as it relates to applications for respiratory tract diseases. The logic and rationale for IN vaccine delivery will be compared to methods and applications accompanying this particular administration route. In addition, we will focus extended discussion on the potential role of IN vaccination in the context of respiratory tract diseases, with a special emphasis on pneumococcal disease. Here, elements of this disease, including its prevalence and impact upon the elderly population, will be viewed from the standpoint of improving health outcomes through vaccine design and delivery technology and how IN administration can play a role in such efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Walkowski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (W.W.); (J.B.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Justin Bassett
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (W.W.); (J.B.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Manmeet Bhalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA; (W.W.); (J.B.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Elsa N. Bou Ghanem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Mishra PK, Bruiners N, Ukey R, Datta P, Onyuka A, Handler D, Hussain S, Honnen W, Singh S, Guerrini V, Yin Y, Dewald H, Choudhary A, Horton DB, Barrett ES, Roy J, Weiss SH, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P, Blaser MJ, Carson JL, Panettieri RA, Lardizabal A, Chang TLY, Pinter A, Gennaro ML. Vaccination boosts protective responses and counters SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenic memory B cells. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 33880486 PMCID: PMC8057254 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.11.21255153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Much is to be learned about the interface between immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We monitored immune responses specific to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding-Domain (RBD) in convalescent individuals for eight months after infection diagnosis and following vaccination. Over time, neutralizing antibody responses, which are predominantly RBD specific, generally decreased, while RBD-specific memory B cells persisted. RBD-specific antibody and B cell responses to vaccination were more vigorous than those elicited by infection in the same subjects or by vaccination in infection-naïve comparators. Notably, the frequencies of double negative B memory cells, which are dysfunctional and potentially pathogenic, increased in the convalescent subjects over time. Unexpectedly, this effect was reversed by vaccination. Our work identifies a novel aspect of immune dysfunction in mild/moderate COVID-19, supports the practice of offering SARS-CoV-2 vaccination regardless of infection history, and provides a potential mechanistic explanation for the vaccination-induced reduction of “Long-COVID” symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Mishra
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Natalie Bruiners
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Rahul Ukey
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Pratik Datta
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alberta Onyuka
- Global Tuberculosis Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Deborah Handler
- Global Tuberculosis Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Sabiha Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - William Honnen
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Sukhwinder Singh
- NJMS Flow Cytometry and Immunology Core Laboratory, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Valentina Guerrini
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yue Yin
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Hannah Dewald
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alok Choudhary
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Daniel B Horton
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Jason Roy
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Stanley H Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | | | - Martin J Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Jeffrey L Carson
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | | | - Alfred Lardizabal
- Global Tuberculosis Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Theresa Li-Yun Chang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Abraham Pinter
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
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19
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Older but Not Wiser: the Age-Driven Changes in Neutrophil Responses during Pulmonary Infections. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00653-20. [PMID: 33495271 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00653-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderly individuals are at increased risk of life-threatening pulmonary infections. Neutrophils are a key determinant of the disease course of pathogen-induced pneumonia. Optimal host defense balances initial robust pulmonary neutrophil responses to control pathogen numbers, ultimately followed by the resolution of inflammation to prevent pulmonary damage. Recent evidence suggests that phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in neutrophils impacts host resistance to pulmonary pathogens. Apart from their apparent role in innate immunity, neutrophils also orchestrate subsequent adaptive immune responses during infection. Thus, the outcome of pulmonary infections can be shaped by neutrophils. This review summarizes the age-driven impairment of neutrophil responses and the contribution of these cells to the susceptibility of the elderly to pneumonia. We describe how aging is accompanied by changes in neutrophil recruitment, resolution, and function. We discuss how systemic and local changes alter the neutrophil phenotype in aged hosts. We highlight the gap in knowledge of whether these changes in neutrophils also contribute to the decline in adaptive immunity seen with age. We further detail the factors that drive dysregulated neutrophil responses in the elderly and the pathways that may be targeted to rebalance neutrophil activity and boost host resistance to pulmonary infections.
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20
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Shi M, Chu F, Tian X, Aerqin Q, Zhu F, Zhu J. Role of Adaptive Immune and Impacts of Risk Factors on Adaptive Immune in Alzheimer's Disease: Are Immunotherapies Effective or Off-Target? Neuroscientist 2021; 28:254-270. [PMID: 33530843 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420987224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complex. Still it remains unclear, which resulted in all efforts for AD treatments with targeting the pathogenic factors unsuccessful over past decades. It has been evidenced that the innate immune is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. However, the role of adaptive immune in AD remains mostly unknown and the results obtained were controversial. In the review, we summarized recent studies and showed that the molecular and cellular alterations in AD patients and its animal models involving T cells and B cells as well as immune mediators of adaptive immune occur not only in the peripheral blood but also in the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid. The risk factors that cause AD contribute to AD progress by affecting the adaptive immune, indicating that adaptive immunity proposes a pivotal role in this disease. It may provide a possible basis for applying immunotherapy in AD and further investigates whether the immunotherapies are effective or off-target?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Shi
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fengna Chu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoping Tian
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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De Masi R, Orlando S, De Donno A. The Age-Related Efficacy of Dimethyl Fumarate and Natalizumab in the Real-World Management of Multiple Sclerosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020081. [PMID: 33499269 PMCID: PMC7911127 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the comparative age-related efficacy of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and natalizumab (NTZ) in clinical practice on multiple sclerosis (MS). Research in this area is lacking in the previous literature. In a three-year retrospective and clinical–paraclinical study, we compared 173 DMF patients and 94 NTZ patients with a similar average age (40 years) and disease duration (DD) (10 years). Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were higher in the NTZ group than in the DMF group at 3.5 vs. 2.5, respectively (p = 0.001). However, in both groups, age values correlated with DD (r = 0.42; p < 0.001), EDSS (r = 0.52; p < 0.001) and age at onset (r = 0.18; p < 0.001). Furthermore, age-adjusted Kaplan–Meier curves showed that NTZ-treated subjects maintained a 1.0–3.0 EDSS status score (p = 0.003) more frequently and a 3.5–7.0 score (p = 0.022) significantly less frequently compared with DMF-treated subjects. The EDSS percentage mean difference between NTZ and DMF groups was 81.6%, decreasing inversely with age (r = −0.34; p < 0.001). Finally, high EDSS score values were reached at the age of 39–40 years, regardless of their experimental group. We demonstrated age as a major contributor in disability and response to therapy in current management of MS. Thus, age should be considered in the risk/benefit evaluation in decision making for the disease modifying treatments in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Masi
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, 73042 Casarano, Lecce, Italy;
- Complex Operative Unit of Neurology, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, 73042 Casarano, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefania Orlando
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, 73042 Casarano, Lecce, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0833-508-412
| | - Antonella De Donno
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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22
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Bhalla M, Nayerhoda R, Tchalla EYI, Abamonte A, Park D, Simmons SR, Pfeifer BA, Bou Ghanem EN. Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides (LEPS) as an Effective Vaccine Strategy to Protect Aged Hosts Against S. pneumoniae Infection. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2. [PMID: 35291600 PMCID: PMC8920316 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.798868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of licensed vaccines, pneumococcal disease caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), remains a serious infectious disease threat globally. Disease manifestations include pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis, resulting in over a million deaths annually. Pneumococcal disease disproportionally impacts older adults aged ≥65 years. Interventions are complicated through a combination of complex disease progression and 100 different bacterial capsular polysaccharide serotypes. This has made it challenging to develop a broad vaccine against S. pneumoniae, with current options utilizing capsular polysaccharides as the primary antigenic content. However, current vaccines are substantially less effective in protecting the elderly. We previously developed a Liposomal Encapsulation of Polysaccharides (LEPS) vaccine platform, designed around limitations of current pneumococcal vaccines, that allowed the noncovalent coupling of polysaccharide and protein antigen content and protected young hosts against pneumococcal infection in murine models. In this study, we modified the formulation to make it more economical and tested the novel LEPS vaccine in aged hosts. We found that in young mice (2-3 months), LEPS elicited comparable responses to the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Prevnar-13. Further, LEPS immunization of old mice (18-22 months) induced comparable antibody levels and improved antibody function compared to Prevnar-13. Importantly, LEPS protected old mice against both invasive and lung localized pneumococcal infections. In summary, LEPS is an alternative and effective vaccine strategy that protects aged hosts against different manifestations of pneumococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmeet Bhalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Roozbeh Nayerhoda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Essi Y I Tchalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Alexsandra Abamonte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Dongwon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Shaunna R Simmons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Gene and Tissue Engineering Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elsa N Bou Ghanem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
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23
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Zhao Y, Zhan JK, Liu Y. A Perspective on Roles Played by Immunosenescence in the Pathobiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1594-1607. [PMID: 33269109 PMCID: PMC7673850 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Aging is the most significant risk factor for late-onset AD. The age-associated changes in the immune system are termed immunosenescence. A close connection between immunosenescence and AD is increasingly recognized. This article provides an overview of immunosenescence and evidence for its role in the pathogenesis of AD and possible mechanisms as well as the outlook for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youshuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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24
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Tavares CDAM, Avelino-Silva TJ, Benard G, Cardozo FAM, Fernandes JR, Girardi ACC, Jacob Filho W. ACE2 Expression and Risk Factors for COVID-19 Severity in Patients with Advanced Age. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:701-707. [PMID: 33111872 PMCID: PMC8386971 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caio de Assis Moura Tavares
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP - Brasil.,Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Gil Benard
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica LIM-56, Divisão de Clínica Dermatológica Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Francisco Akira Malta Cardozo
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Juliana Ruiz Fernandes
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica LIM-56, Divisão de Clínica Dermatológica Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Adriana Castello Costa Girardi
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Wilson Jacob Filho
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil.,Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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25
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Xu W, Wong G, Hwang YY, Larbi A. The untwining of immunosenescence and aging. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:559-572. [PMID: 33165716 PMCID: PMC7665974 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
From a holistic point of view, aging results from the cumulative erosion of the various systems. Among these, the immune system is interconnected to the rest as immune cells are present in all organs and recirculate through bloodstream. Immunosenescence is the term used to define the remodelling of immune changes during aging. Because immune cells-and particularly lymphocytes-can further differentiate after their maturation in response to pathogen recognition, it is therefore unclear when senescence is induced in these cells. Additionally, it is also unclear which signals triggers senescence in immune cells (i) aging per se, (ii) specific response to pathogens, (iii) underlying conditions, or (iv) inflammaging. In this review, we will cover the current knowledge and concepts linked to immunosenescence and we focus this review on lymphocytes and T cells, which represent the typical model for replicative senescence. With the evidence presented, we propose to disentangle the senescence of immune cells from chronological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Glenn Wong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - You Yi Hwang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A variety of high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). After evaluation and approval by regulatory agencies, DMTs are likely to be administered to patients whose characteristics differ from those enrolled in clinical trials. This may contribute to the emergence of unexpected adverse events observed in the real-world setting. Higher age may be a relevant factor that could change the benefit-risk balance of DMTs, as it may associate with lower efficiency and higher frequency of adverse events. RECENT FINDINGS The absolute and relative number of patients with MS who reach the age of 55 and higher increases. Growing evidence demonstrates lower efficacy of DMTs in older persons with MS. Specific risks during DMTs for MS, such as the risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) or the outcome following PML, have been associated with age. It is hypothesized that age-related and therapy-induced alterations to the immune system may have (super)additive effects, resulting in an acceleration of physiological immunosenescence and inflamm-aging. SUMMARY In this article, we review the risks of high-efficacy DMTs in MS with a specific focus on age-related efficacy and risks, including opportunistic infections, malignancies, and autoimmune reactions.
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Fraussen J, Marquez S, Takata K, Beckers L, Montes Diaz G, Zografou C, Van Wijmeersch B, Villar LM, O'Connor KC, Kleinstein SH, Somers V. Phenotypic and Ig Repertoire Analyses Indicate a Common Origin of IgD -CD27 - Double Negative B Cells in Healthy Individuals and Multiple Sclerosis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1650-1664. [PMID: 31391234 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IgD-CD27- double negative (DN) B cells with proinflammatory characteristics are abnormally elevated in a proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In this study, the origin and selection characteristics of DN B cells were studied in MS patients and healthy controls (HC). Expression of developmental markers on peripheral blood DN, IgD-CD27+ class-switched memory (CSM) and IgD+CD27- naive B cells of HC (n = 48) and MS patients (n = 96) was determined by flow cytometry. High-throughput adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing was performed on peripheral blood DN and CSM B cells of HC and MS patients (n = 3 each). DN B cells from HC and MS patients showed similar phenotypic and Ig repertoire characteristics. Phenotypic analysis indicated a mature state of DN B cells by low CD5, CD10, and CD38 expression. However, the frequency of CD95+ and IgA+ cells was lower in DN versus CSM B cells. DN B cells are Ag experienced, as shown by somatic hypermutation of their Ig genes in adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing, although they showed a lower mutation load than CSM B cells. Shared clones were found between DN and CSM B cells, although >95% of the clones were unique to each population, and differences in V(D)J usage and CDR3 physicochemical properties were found. Thus, DN B cells arise in HC and MS patients via a common developmental pathway that is probably linked to immune aging. However, DN and CSM B cells develop through unique differentiation pathways, with most DN B cells representing an earlier maturation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Fraussen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Susanna Marquez
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Kazushiro Takata
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Lien Beckers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Gwendoline Montes Diaz
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Van Wijmeersch
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.,Rehabilitation and MS-Center, 3900 Pelt, Belgium
| | - Luisa M Villar
- Departamento de Inmunologia, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kevin C O'Connor
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519; .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and.,Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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28
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Krasselt M, Baerwald C, Liebert UG, Seifert O. Humoral immunity to varicella zoster virus is altered in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2493-2500. [PMID: 31028550 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of herpes zoster (HZ) is high in patients with rheumatologic diseases. The incidence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is at least twice as high as in healthy people. Nevertheless, little is known about humoral immunity against varicella zoster virus (VZV), in particular in patients with RA. We, therefore, aimed to retrospectively compare VZV antibody concentrations in a collective of patients with RA in a German outpatient clinic with age- and sex-matched controls without RA. METHODS We included n = 247 patients with RA from one single university centre as well as n = 250 age- and sex-matched controls from the in-house routine in this retrospective analysis. The concentration of VZV IgG antibody concentration was either available from the records or was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, avidity for specific IgG was analysed for some of the samples. The antibody concentrations have been compared between the two groups. Moreover, a consecutive subgroup analysis after stratification by age was performed. RESULTS A total of 68.4% (n = 169) of the included patients were treated with conventional synthetic DMARDs, either as monotherapy or in combination. Biological originator DMARDs were used in 45.8% (n = 113) of the patients, with the majority (85%, n = 96) of them being on tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibiting agents. As the main result of this study, antibody titres for VZV were found to be significantly lower in RA patients compared with healthy controls (p < 0.0001). The observed difference was most pronounced for the older patients being in the sixth and seventh decade. Antibody avidity was high in both groups with a significantly higher avidity among the controls (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS A possible explanation for the low VZV antibody concentration in RA patients might be premature immunosenescence, which most likely also effects the B cell compartment and humoral immunity. This thesis is emphasised by the significantly higher antibody avidity among the controls. The data also suggest that the increased HZ risk is a consequence of a poor humoral immunity. The available HZ vaccinations should contribute to decreasing the elevated HZ risk in RA patients. KEY POINTS • Humoral immunity to varicella zoster virus seems to be reduced in patients with RA. • This impaired immunity might contribute to the increased herpes zoster susceptibility in RA patients. • An accelerated immunosenescence in RA could be causative for this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Krasselt
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, University of Leipzig Medical Centre, Liebigstr. 20/22, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Christoph Baerwald
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, University of Leipzig Medical Centre, Liebigstr. 20/22, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe G Liebert
- Institute for Virology, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, University of Leipzig Medical Centre, Liebigstr. 20/22, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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29
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Rodriguez-Zhurbenko N, Quach TD, Hopkins TJ, Rothstein TL, Hernandez AM. Human B-1 Cells and B-1 Cell Antibodies Change With Advancing Age. Front Immunol 2019; 10:483. [PMID: 30941130 PMCID: PMC6433875 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related deficits in the immune system have been associated with an increased incidence of infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Human B cell populations change quantitatively and qualitatively in the elderly. However, the function of human B-1 cells, which play critical anti-microbial and housekeeping roles, have not been studied in the older age population. In the present work, we analyzed how the frequency, function and repertoire of human peripheral blood B-1 cells (CD19+CD20+CD27+CD38low/intCD43+) change with age. Our results show that not only the percentage of B-1 cells but also their ability to spontaneously secrete IgM decreased with age. Further, expression levels of the transcription factors XBP-1 and Blimp-1 were significantly lower, while PAX-5, characteristic of non-secreting B cells, was significantly higher, in healthy donors over 65 years (old) as compared to healthy donors between 20 and 45 years (young). To further characterize the B-1 cell population in older individuals, we performed single cell sequencing analysis of IgM heavy chains from healthy young and old donors. We found reduced repertoire diversity of IgM antibodies in B-1 cells from older donors as well as differences in usage of certain VH and DH specific genes, as compared to younger. Overall, our results show impairment of the human B-1 cell population with advancing age, which might impact the quality of life and onset of disease within the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tam D Quach
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Thomas J Hopkins
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Center for Immunobiology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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30
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Pereira CTM, Bichuetti-Silva DC, da Mota NVF, Salomão R, Brunialti MKC, Costa-Carvalho BT. B-cell subsets imbalance and reduced expression of CD40 in ataxia-telangiectasia patients. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:438-446. [PMID: 29739685 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a well-known primary immunodeficiency with recurrent sinopulmonary infections and variable abnormalities in both the humoral and cellular immune system. Dysfunctions in immunoglobulin production, reduced number of B cells, and B-cell receptor excision circles copies have been reported. We aimed to understand the immunological mechanisms involving the humoral compartment in AT patients by analysing peripheral blood B cells subsets, B-T lymphocyte cooperation through the expression of CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L), and cytokines involved in class-switch recombination production. METHODS We compared the proportion of B-cell subsets, the expression of CD40/CD40L, and the plasma levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ of 18 AT patients and 15 healthy age-sex-matched controls using flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that some steps in peripheral B cell development were altered in AT with a pronounced reduction of cell-surface CD40 expression. The proportions of transitional and naïve-mature B cells were reduced, whereas CD21-low, natural effector memory, IgM-only memory, and IgG atypical memory B cells were present in a higher proportion. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed a disturbed B-cell homeostasis with unconventional maturation of B lymphocyte memory cells, which can explain the consequent impairment of humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T M Pereira
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 598, Botucatu Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - D C Bichuetti-Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 598, Botucatu Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - N V F da Mota
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 669, Pedro de Toledo Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil
| | - R Salomão
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 669, Pedro de Toledo Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil
| | - M K C Brunialti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 669, Pedro de Toledo Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil
| | - B T Costa-Carvalho
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School, 598, Botucatu Street, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil.
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31
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Bou Ghanem EN, Maung NHT, Siwapornchai N, Goodwin AE, Clark S, Muñoz-Elías EJ, Camilli A, Gerstein RM, Leong JM. Nasopharyngeal Exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae Induces Extended Age-Dependent Protection against Pulmonary Infection Mediated by Antibodies and CD138 + Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3739-3751. [PMID: 29661828 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae commonly resides asymptomatically in the nasopharyngeal (NP) cavity of healthy individuals but can cause life-threatening pulmonary and systemic infections, particularly in the elderly. NP colonization results in a robust immune response that protects against invasive infections. However, the duration, mechanism, and cellular component of such responses are poorly understood. In this study, we found that repeated NP exposure of mice to S. pneumoniae TIGR4 strain results in pneumococcal-specific Ab responses that protect against lethal lung challenge. Abs were necessary and sufficient for protection because Ab-deficient μMT mice did not develop postexposure protection, only becoming resistant to lung infection after transfer of immune sera from NP-exposed mice. T cells contributed to immunity at the time of NP exposure, but neither CD4+ nor CD8+ T cells were required. The protective activity was detectable 20 wk after exposure and was maintained in irradiated mice, suggesting involvement of long-lived Ab-secreting cells (ASC), which are radioresistant and secrete Abs for extended periods of time in the absence of T cells or persistent Ag. CD138+ bone marrow cells, likely corresponding to long-lived ASC, were sufficient to confer protection. NP exposure of aged mice failed to protect against subsequent lung infection despite eliciting a robust Ab response. Furthermore, transfer of CD138+ bone marrow cells or sera from NP-exposed old mice failed to protect naive young mice. These findings suggest that NP exposure elicits extended protection against pneumococcal lung infection by generating long-lived CD138+ ASC and that the protective efficacy of these responses declines with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa N Bou Ghanem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Nang H Tin Maung
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - Nalat Siwapornchai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Aaron E Goodwin
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - Stacie Clark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.,Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | | | - Andrew Camilli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Rachel M Gerstein
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - John M Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111;
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32
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Fuentes E, Fuentes M, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Immune System Dysfunction in the Elderly. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 89:285-299. [PMID: 28423084 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human aging is characterized by both physical and physiological frailty that profoundly affects the immune system. In this context aging is associated with declines in adaptive and innate immunity established as immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is a new concept that reflects the age-associated restructuring changes of innate and adaptive immune functions. Thus elderly individuals usually present chronic low-level inflammation, higher infection rates and chronic diseases. A study of alterations in the immune system during aging could provide a potentially useful biomarker for the evaluation of immune senescence treatment. The immune system is the result of the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity, yet the impact of aging on this function is unclear. In this article the function of the immune system during aging is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile.,Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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The Role of Immunosenescence in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6039171. [PMID: 29706800 PMCID: PMC5863336 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6039171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the progressive decline of physiological function and tissue homeostasis leading to increased vulnerability, degeneration, and death. Aging-related changes of the innate and adaptive immune system include decline in the preservation and enhancement of many immune functions, such as changes in the number of circulating monocytic and dendritic cells, thymic involution, T cell polyfunctionality, or production of proinflammatory cytokines, and are defined as immunosenescence. Inflammatory functions are increased with age, causing the chronic low-grade inflammation, referred to as inflamm-aging, that contribute, together with immunosenescence, to neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the link between the immune and nervous systems and how the immunosenescence and inflamm-aging can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases.
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34
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Qiu L, Zhou Y, Yu Q, Zheng S, Wang Z, Huang Q. Elevated levels of follicular T helper cells and their association with therapeutic effects in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Immunol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29526569 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is characterized by an abnormal expansion of mature B cells with variable progression. Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells help B cells differentiate into plasma cells or long-lived memory B cells in germinal centres (GCs). However, the role of Tfh cells in CLL is poorly understand, and whether it plays a critical role in disease progression in vivo is lacking. In this study, we investigate the dynamic change of circulating Tfh cells in peripheral blood from patients with CLL during the treatment periods to evaluate their utility to predict disease progression. Our findings revealed the expansion of circulating CD4+CXCR5+, CD4+ICOS+, CD4+PD-1+ and CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+PD-1+ (Tfh) cells but lower serum IL-21 levels and CD4+ T cell polarization not only to Tfh2 subtypes but also to Tfh17 subtypes in patients with CLL at pretreatment compared to patients with monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (MBL) and healthy individuals, especially in those with advanced stage, which indicate these Tfh cells could be employed as a novel indicator for disease progression. Moreover, we observed significant correlations of Tfh17 and immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutation. Importantly, significantly decreased CD4+ICOS+, CD4+PD-1+ and Tfh cells were found after effective treatments, whereas a significantly high CD4+ICOS+, CD4+PD-1+ and Tfh cells were still found in those with progressive disease after treatments, suggesting that circulating CD4+ICOS+, CD4+PD-1+, Tfh cells could predict therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liannv Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China.
| | - Yonglie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Qinhua Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Sujie Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Zhenni Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310004, China
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Ju CH, Blum LK, Kongpachith S, Lingampalli N, Mao R, Brodin P, Dekker CL, Davis MM, Robinson WH. Plasmablast antibody repertoires in elderly influenza vaccine responders exhibit restricted diversity but increased breadth of binding across influenza strains. Clin Immunol 2018; 193:70-79. [PMID: 29410330 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines elicit antibody responses that can prevent infection, but their efficacy is reduced in the elderly. While a subset of elderly individuals can still mount sufficient vaccine-induced antibody responses, little is known about the properties of the vaccine-induced antibody repertoires in elderly as compared to young responders. To gain insights into the effects of aging on influenza vaccine-induced antibody responses, we used flow cytometry and a cell-barcoding method to sequence antibody heavy and light chain gene pairs expressed by individual blood plasmablasts generated in response to influenza vaccination in elderly (aged 70-89) and young (aged 20-29) responders. We found similar blood plasmablast levels in the elderly and young responders seven days post vaccination. Informatics analysis revealed increased clonality, but similar heavy chain V(D)J gene usage in the elderly as compared to young vaccine responders. Although the elderly responders exhibited decreased antibody sequence diversity and fewer consequential mutations relative to young responders, recombinant antibodies from elderly responders bound a broader range of influenza strain HAs. Thus elderly influenza vaccine responders mount plasmablast responses with restricted diversity but with an increased breadth of binding across influenza strains. Our results suggest that the ability to generate plasmablast responses encoding cross-strain binding antibodies likely represents a mechanism important to vaccine responses in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Ju
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lisa K Blum
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah Kongpachith
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nithya Lingampalli
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Petter Brodin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cornelia L Dekker
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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36
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Aspinall R, Lang PO. Vaccination choices for older people, looking beyond age specific approaches. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 17:23-30. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1411197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Olivier Lang
- Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- Geriatric and Geriatric Rehabilitation Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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37
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Bulati M, Caruso C, Colonna-Romano G. From lymphopoiesis to plasma cells differentiation, the age-related modifications of B cell compartment are influenced by "inflamm-ageing". Ageing Res Rev 2017; 36:125-136. [PMID: 28396185 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process characterized by a general decline in physiological functions with increasing morbidity and mortality. The most important aspect of ageing is the chronic inflammatory status, named "inflamm-ageing", strictly associated with the deterioration of the immune function, termed "immunosenescence". Both are causes of increased susceptibility of elderly to infectious diseases, cancer, dementia, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmunity, and of a decreased response to vaccination. It has been widely demonstrated that ageing has a strong impact on the remodelling of the B cell branch of immune system. The first evident effect is the significant decrease in circulating B cells, primarily due to the reduction of new B cell coming from bone marrow (BM) progenitors, as inflammation directly impacts on B lymphopoiesis. Besides, in aged individuals, there is a shift from naïve to memory immunoglobulins production, accompanied by the impaired ability to produce high affinity protective antibodies against newly encountered antigens. This is accompanied by the increase of expanded clones of B cells, which correlates with poor health status. Age-related modifications also occur in naïve/memory B cells subsets. Indeed, in the elderly, there is a reduction of naïve B cells, accompanied by the expansion of memory B cells that show a senescence-associated phenotype. Finally, elderly show the impaired ability of memory B cells to differentiate into plasma cells. It can be concluded that inflammation is the leading cause of the age-related impairment of B cell compartment, which play certainly a key role in the development of age-related diseases. This makes study of B cells in the aged an important tool for monitoring immunosenescence, chronic inflammatory disorders and the effectiveness of vaccines or pharmacological therapies.
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Liu Y, Gong Y, Qu C, Zhang Y, You R, Yu N, Lu G, Huang Y, Zhang H, Gao Y, Gao Y, Guo X. CD32b expression is down-regulated on double-negative memory B cells in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 440:1-7. [PMID: 27832986 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory CD32b receptors on B cells are critical for humoral immunity. The humoral response plays a role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). This study aimed to investigate B cell subset distribution and CD32b expression within these subsets in HT patients. B cell subset distribution and CD32b expression were analyzed in 60 HT patients and 21 healthy donors. Subset distribution and CD32b expression following stimulation with α-Ig and α-CD40 were also assessed. The percentage of double-negative (DN) memory cells was increased in the HT patients, while the expression level of CD32b on DN memory cells was decreased. Redistribution of B cell subsets was detected in response to stimulation with α-Ig. In addition, the expression level of CD32b was reduced following α-CD40 stimulation. These results suggest that abnormal B cell subset distribution and decreased CD32b expression on DN memory cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Chenxue Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Ran You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Guizhi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Youyuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yanming Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
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Rivas-Santiago B, Castañeda-Delgado JE, de Haro-Acosta J, Torres-Juarez F, Frausto-Lujan I, Marin-Luevano P, González-Amaro R, Enciso-Moreno JA. Human neutrophil peptide-1 decreases during ageing in selected Mexican population. Immunol Res 2016; 64:445-54. [PMID: 26323500 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide innate immunity plays a central role in the susceptibility to infectious diseases, as has been described extensively in different settings. However, the role that these molecules play in the immunity mediated by polymorphonuclear phagocytes as part of the innate immunity of ageing individuals has not been described. In the present study, we addressed the question whether antimicrobial activity in polymorphonuclear cells from elderly individuals was altered in comparison with young adults. We compared phagocytosis index, bacterial killing efficiency, myeloperoxidase activity and cathelicidin expression. Results showed that there were no statistical differences among groups. However, human neutrophil peptide-1 (HNP-1) was decreased in the elderly individuals group. Results suggest that the decreased HNP-1 production in the polymorphonuclear phagocytes form elderly individuals might have an important participation in the increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rivas-Santiago
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico.
| | - Julio E Castañeda-Delgado
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Jeny de Haro-Acosta
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Flor Torres-Juarez
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Isabel Frausto-Lujan
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Paulina Marin-Luevano
- Medical Research Unit of Zacatecas, Mexican Institute of Social Security, UIMZ-IMSS, Interior de la alameda # 45 col centro, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Roberto González-Amaro
- Catedras-CONACyT, National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Jose A Enciso-Moreno
- Catedras-CONACyT, National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico City, Mexico
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Claes N, Fraussen J, Vanheusden M, Hellings N, Stinissen P, Van Wijmeersch B, Hupperts R, Somers V. Age-Associated B Cells with Proinflammatory Characteristics Are Expanded in a Proportion of Multiple Sclerosis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4576-4583. [PMID: 27837111 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immune aging occurs in the elderly and in autoimmune diseases. Recently, IgD-CD27- (double negative, DN) and CD21-CD11c+ (CD21low) B cells were described as age-associated B cells with proinflammatory characteristics. This study investigated the prevalence and functional characteristics of DN and CD21low B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated a higher proportion of MS patients younger than 60 y with peripheral expansions of DN (8/41) and CD21low (9/41) B cells compared with age-matched healthy donors (1/33 and 2/33, respectively), which indicates an increase in age-associated B cells in MS patients. The majority of DN B cells had an IgG+ memory phenotype, whereas CD21low B cells consisted of a mixed population of CD27- naive, CD27+ memory, IgG+, and IgM+ cells. DN B cells showed similar (MS patients) or increased (healthy donors) MHC-II expression as class-switched memory B cells and intermediate costimulatory molecule expression between naive and class-switched memory B cells, indicating their potential to induce (proinflammatory) T cell responses. Further, DN B cells produced proinflammatory and cytotoxic cytokines following ex vivo stimulation. Increased frequencies of DN and CD21low B cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients compared with paired peripheral blood. In conclusion, a proportion of MS patients showed increased peripheral expansions of age-associated B cells. DN and CD21low B cell frequencies were further increased in MS cerebrospinal fluid. These cells could contribute to inflammation by induction of T cell responses and the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Claes
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Judith Fraussen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Vanheusden
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Piet Stinissen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Wijmeersch
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Rehabilitation and MS-Center, B-3900 Overpelt, Belgium
| | - Raymond Hupperts
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; and.,Department of Neurology, Academic MS Center Limburg, Zuyderland Medical Center, 6162 BG Sittard, the Netherlands
| | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University and School of Life Sciences, Transnational University Limburg, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;
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Sung N, Byeon H, Garcia MS, Skariah A, Wu L, Dambaeva S, Beaman K, Gilman-Sachs A, Kwak-Kim J. Deficiency in memory B cell compartment in a patient with infertility and recurrent pregnancy losses. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 118:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Pojero F, Casuccio A, Giambanco C, Bulati M, Buffa S, Di Bassiano F, Gervasi F, Caruso C, Colonna Romano G. Bone marrow B lymphocytes in multiple myeloma and MGUS: Focus on distribution of naïve cells and memory subsets. Leuk Res 2016; 49:51-9. [PMID: 27552680 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Multiple myeloma (MM) is caused by proliferation of clonal plasma cells (cPCs) in bone marrow (BM), associated with numerical and functional defects in immune subsets. An impairment of B cell compartment is involved in onset/progression of the disease. METHODS By flow cytometry, we studied distribution of naïve/transitional (IgD(+)CD27(-)), memory unswitched (IgD(+)CD27(+)), memory switched (IgD(-)CD27(+)) and double negative (DN) (IgD(-)CD27(-)) B lymphocytes in BM of control subjects, and responding and relapsing patients. RESULTS We observed an increased percentage of IgD(+)CD27(+) B cells in healthy controls vs responding patients (p<0.05). Treated non complete responders exhibited an expanded DN compartment vs stringent complete responders (p=0.011); in turn IgD(+)CD27(-) subpopulation was larger in stringent complete responders vs other responding patients (p=0.006). None of the studied B cell subsets showed clonal restriction. Correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between naïve/transitional and DN B cells in all groups, except in newly diagnosed subjects. CONCLUSIONS This may be considered a feasible start point to explore the importance of B cells in the immunosuppressive MM BM microenvironment, correlating these findings with immunosenescence and therapy related increased risk of infection. Moreover, we propose a possible role of naïve/transitional and DN B cells as predictive markers in treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Pojero
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy; U.O.S.D. Laboratorio Specialistico Oncologia, Ematologia e Colture Cellulari per Uso Clinico, ARNAS Civico, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute e Materno Infantile "G. D'Alessandro", Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro 133, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Giambanco
- U.O.S.D. Laboratorio Specialistico Oncologia, Ematologia e Colture Cellulari per Uso Clinico, ARNAS Civico, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvio Buffa
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Bassiano
- U.O.C. di Oncoematologia, ARNAS Civico, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Gervasi
- U.O.S.D. Laboratorio Specialistico Oncologia, Ematologia e Colture Cellulari per Uso Clinico, ARNAS Civico, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Colonna Romano
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita' degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
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Lin Y, Kim J, Metter EJ, Nguyen H, Truong T, Lustig A, Ferrucci L, Weng NP. Changes in blood lymphocyte numbers with age in vivo and their association with the levels of cytokines/cytokine receptors. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2016; 13:24. [PMID: 27547234 PMCID: PMC4990976 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Alterations in the number and composition of lymphocytes and their subsets in blood are considered a hallmark of immune system aging. However, it is unknown whether the rates of change of lymphocytes are stable or change with age, or whether the inter-individual variations of lymphocyte composition are stable over time or undergo different rates of change at different ages. Here, we report a longitudinal analysis of T- and B-cells and their subsets, and NK cells in the blood of 165 subjects aged from 24 to 90 years, with each subject assessed at baseline and an average of 5.6 years follow-up. Results The rates of change of T-(CD4+ and CD8+) and B-cells, and NK cells were relative stable throughout the adult life. A great degree of individual variations in numbers of lymphocytes and their subsets and in the rates of their changes with age was observed. Among them, CD4+ T cells exhibited the highest degree of individual variation followed by NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. Different types of lymphocytes had distinct trends in their rates of change which did not appear to be influenced by CMV infection. Finally, the rates of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, naive CD4+ and naïve CD8+ T cells were closely positively correlated. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that the age-associated changes in circulating lymphocytes were at relative stable rates in vivo in a highly individualized manner and the levels of selected cytokines/cytokine receptors in serum might influence these age-associated changes of lymphocytes in circulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-016-0079-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Jiewan Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - E Jeffrey Metter
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38111 USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Thai Truong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Ana Lustig
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
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Cellular immune profile of kidney transplant patients developing anti-HLA antibodies during childhood. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:1001-10. [PMID: 26692023 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the field of kidney transplantation, identifying early signatures of humoral rejection is a key challenge. METHODS We investigated the presence of anti-HLA antibodies and the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in 77 kidney-transplanted children and young adults compared to 23 healthy controls. Moreover, we tested whether the presence of anti-HLA antibodies could be related to modification in lymphocyte phenotype. Finally, we correlated the presence of anti-HLA antibodies and specific alteration of lymphocyte subsets with clinical outcomes. RESULTS In kidney-transplanted children who developed anti-HLA antibodies, we observed an expansion of double-negative B cells (CD19 + CD27-IgD-), indicating premature aging of this compartment. Moreover, we reported signs of impaired B cell regulation, indicated by a higher IL-21R+ B cell frequency associated with an abnormal increase of follicular helper T cells. Finally, a considerable reduction in CD8+ effector T and invariant Natural killer T (NKT) cells was observed. The stability of graft function over time is significantly correlated with the frequency of peripheral effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and invariant NKT cells. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the usefulness of lymphocyte subset as one of a spectrum of early diagnostic tools required to identify patients at risk of developing donor alloimmune response.
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45
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Wang JZ, Zhang YH, Guo XH, Zhang HY, Zhang Y. The double-edge role of B cells in mediating antitumor T-cell immunity: Pharmacological strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:73-85. [PMID: 27111515 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveals the controversial role of B cells in antitumor immunity, but the underlying mechanisms have to be explored. Three latest articles published in the issue 521 of Nature in 2015 reconfirmed the puzzling topic and put forward some explanations of how B cells regulate antitumor T-cell responses both positively and negatively. This paper attempts to demonstrate that different B-cell subpopulations have distinct immunological properties and that they are involved in either antitumor responses or immunosuppression. Recent studies supporting the positive and negative roles of B cells in tumor development were summarized comprehensively. Several specific B-cell subpopulations, such as IgG(+), IgA(+), IL-10(+), and regulatory B cells, were described in detail. The mechanisms underlying the controversial B-cell effects were mainly attributed to different B-cell subpopulations, different B-cell-derived cytokines, direct B cell-T cell interaction, different cancer categories, and different malignant stages, and the immunological interaction between B cells and T cells is mediated by dendritic cells. Promising B-cell-based antitumor strategies were proposed and novel B-cell regulators were summarized to present interesting therapeutic targets. Future investigations are needed to make sure that B-cell-based pharmacological strategies benefit cancer immunotherapy substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhang Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China.
| | - Yu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Library, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Guo
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056002, PR China
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Goldeck D, Oettinger L, Janssen N, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Pawelec G. Cytomegalovirus Infection Minimally Affects the Frequencies of B-Cell Phenotypes in Peripheral Blood of Younger and Older Adults. Gerontology 2016; 62:323-9. [PMID: 26820888 DOI: 10.1159/000382076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An accumulation of late-differentiated CD8+ T-cells together with fewer B-cells and seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (CMV) characterises an 'immune risk profile' associated with mortality in elderly people and represents one of the hallmarks of 'immunosenescence'. OBJECTIVES While differences in memory T-cell phenotypes between young and old people have been intensively studied, and the role of CMV is well-accepted as a driving force in this regard, the impact of CMV on B-cells, if any, has been relatively neglected thus far. METHODS Here, we avail ourselves of blood samples from participants of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) to compare peripheral blood B-cell differentiation phenotypes of 140 age- and gender-matched CMV-seronegative or -seropositive adults aged between 24 and 85 years using multicolour flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS We found that the frequencies of naïve B-cells within the CD19+ population were not significantly different in younger and older CMV-seronegative people. This was also true in CMV-seropositive subjects. The frequencies of late-differentiated B-cells were also not different in CMV-negative elderly and young. However, in marked contrast to the T-cell compartment, this was also true for late differentiated B-cells. Within age groups, the most marked differences in the distribution of B-cell phenotypes were between CMV-seronegative and -seropositive subjects, for both genders. CONCLUSION These results emphasize the importance of including CMV serostatus in the analysis of immune signatures. Because the proportion of the population infected with CMV increases with age, the effect of CMV rather than age could confound analyses seeking age-associated changes to human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goldeck
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Tx00FC;bingen, Tx00FC;bingen, Germany
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CD27-IgD- memory B cells are modulated by in vivo interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:61. [PMID: 25888920 PMCID: PMC4415279 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Enhanced B cell activity, particularly memory B cells have gained interest in evaluating response during therapies with biologics. CD27-IgD- double-negative (DN) B cells lacking the conventional memory marker CD27 are reported to be part of the memory compartment, however, only scarce data is available for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We therefore focused on DN B cells in RA, studied their isotypes and modulation during interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) inhibition by tocilizumab (TCZ). Methods DN B cells were phenotypically analyzed from 40 RA patients during TCZ at baseline week 12, week 24 and 1 year. A single B cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach was used to study Ig receptors, VH gene rearrangements and specific isotypes. Results Phenotypic analysis showed a significantly expanded population of DN B cells in RA which contain a heterogeneous mixture of IgG-, IgA- and IgM-expressing cells with a clear dominance of IgG+ cells. DN B cells carry rearranged heavy chain gene sequences with a diversified mutational pattern consistent with memory B cells. In contrast to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibition, a significant reduction in mutational frequency of BCR gene rearrangements at week 12, 24 and 1 year (P <0.0001) was observed by in vivo IL-6R inhibition. These changes were observed for all BCR isotypes IgG, IgA and IgM at week 12, 24 and 1 year (P <0.0001). IgA-RF, IgA serum level and IgA+ DN B cells decreased significantly (P <0.05) at week 12 and week 24 during TCZ. Patients with a good European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response to TCZ had less DN B cells at baseline as compared to moderate responders (P = 0.006). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the frequency of DN B cells at baseline is inversely correlated to a subsequent good EULAR response (P = 0.024) with an odds ratio of 1.48 (95% confidence interval as 1.05 to 2.06). Conclusions In RA, the heterogeneous DN B cell compartment is expanded and dominated by IgG isotype. TCZ can modulate the mutational status of DN Ig isotype receptors over 1 year. Interestingly, the frequency of DN B cells in RA may serve as a baseline predictor of subsequent EULAR response to TCZ. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0580-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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48
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Martorana A, Balistreri CR, Bulati M, Buffa S, Azzarello DM, Camarda C, Monastero R, Caruso C, Colonna-Romano G. Double negative (CD19+IgG+IgD−CD27−) B lymphocytes: A new insight from telomerase in healthy elderly, in centenarian offspring and in Alzheimer's disease patients. Immunol Lett 2014; 162:303-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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49
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Zhou M, Zou R, Gan H, Liang Z, Li F, Lin T, Luo Y, Cai X, He F, Shen E. The effect of aging on the frequency, phenotype and cytokine production of human blood CD4 + CXCR5 + T follicular helper cells: comparison of aged and young subjects. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2014; 11:12. [PMID: 25177353 PMCID: PMC4148677 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-11-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background T cell-dependent B-cell responses decline with age, indicating declined cognate helper activity of aged CD4 + T cells for B cells. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, a novel T helper subset, play an essential role in helping B cells differentiation into long-lived plasma cells in germinal center (GC) or short-lived plasma cells. In the present study, we proposed that there might existe changes of proportion, phenotype or cytokine production of blood Tfh cells in healthy elderly individuals compared with healthy young individuals. Results The results showed that frequencies of aged blood CXCR5 + CD4 + Tfh cells increased compared with young subjects. Both aged and young blood CXCR5 + CD4 + Tfh cells constitutively expressed CD45RO, CCR7 and CD28, and few of these cells expressed CD69 or HLA-DR, which indicated that they were resting memory cells. There was no significant difference of IL-21 frequency production by aged blood CXCR5 + CD4 + Tfh determined by FACS compared with young individuals, however, aged PBMCs produced significantly higher levels of IL-21 evaluated by ELISA. Furthermore, there were no significant differences of percentages of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 or IL-22 production by aged Tfh cells compared with their counterparts of young individuals respectively. However, frequencies of IL-17+ cells within aged CD4 + CXCR5-T cells were markedly lower than in the young individuals. Furthermore we observed different frequencies of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-4 or IL-22 production by Tfh or by CD4 + CXCR5- cells in aged and young subjects respectively. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that the frequencies of blood memory CXCR5 + CD4 + Tfh cells increased in the elderly population. There were similar frequencies of Th characterized cytokine production such as IL-21, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 or IL-22 in aged and young Tfh cells. However, aged PBMCs produced a significantly higher amount of IL-21 compare to young subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruqiong Zou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Huiquan Gan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhimei Liang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Fujun Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanfei Luo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Erxia Shen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
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Abstract
The success of vaccines developed since the beginning of the 20th century, has enabled the conquest of several childhood diseases preventing death and or disability for millions of children. But, globally, the number of children will soon be surpassed by the number of adults over the age of 65. The active lifestyle of these older individuals, coupled with a degree of immune deficiency recognised within this population will lead to a change in the profile of diseases affecting the elderly. The challenge for policy makers and also those involved in primary healthcare is how to protect this population from communicable diseases and keep them healthy, autonomous and independent when vaccines in the main have been developed for use on children and young adults.
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