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Thöny B, Ng J, Kurian MA, Mills P, Martinez A. Mouse models for inherited monoamine neurotransmitter disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:533-550. [PMID: 38168036 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Several mouse models have been developed to study human defects of primary and secondary inherited monoamine neurotransmitter disorders (iMND). As the field continues to expand, current defects in corresponding mouse models include enzymes and a molecular co-chaperone involved in monoamine synthesis and metabolism (PAH, TH, PITX3, AADC, DBH, MAOA, DNAJC6), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) cofactor synthesis and recycling (adGTPCH1/DRD, arGTPCH1, PTPS, SR, DHPR), and vitamin B6 cofactor deficiency (ALDH7A1), as well as defective monoamine neurotransmitter packaging (VMAT1, VMAT2) and reuptake (DAT). No mouse models are available for human DNAJC12 co-chaperone and PNPO-B6 deficiencies, disorders associated with recessive variants that result in decreased stability and function of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases and decreased neurotransmitter synthesis, respectively. More than one mutant mouse is available for some of these defects, which is invaluable as different variant-specific (knock-in) models may provide more insights into underlying mechanisms of disorders, while complete gene inactivation (knock-out) models often have limitations in terms of recapitulating complex human diseases. While these mouse models have common phenotypic traits also observed in patients, reflecting the defective homeostasis of the monoamine neurotransmitter pathways, they also present with disease-specific manifestations with toxic accumulation or deficiency of specific metabolites related to the specific gene affected. This review provides an overview of the currently available models and may give directions toward selecting existing models or generating new ones to investigate novel pathogenic mechanisms and precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Joanne Ng
- Genetic Therapy Accelerator Centre, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Philippa Mills
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine and Center for Translational Research in Parkinson's Disease, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Vancassel S, Fanet H, Castanon N, Monchaux De Oliveira C, Cussotto S, Capuron L. Tetrahydrobiopterin modulates the behavioral neuroinflammatory response to an LPS challenge in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 105:139-148. [PMID: 35781010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a necessary cofactor for the synthesis of monoamines from essential amino-acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. The BH4 synthesis pathway is induced by inflammatory factors but highly regulated processes maintain levels in a physiological range. However, BH4 activity can be durably altered in inflammation-related pathologies, such as certain types of depression, potentially involving impairment of dopaminergic neurotransmission. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of the brain BH4 pathway to the inflammatory stimulus induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Brain expression of genes related to BH4 synthesis, levels of BH4, changes in L-aromatic amino acid precursors of monoamines and dopamine levels were determined. As secondary aim, the effect of acute BH4 supply under the inflammatory challenge was tested on these parameters and on the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Mice were also submitted to the sucrose preference test and to the open-field in order to asses hedonic and locomotor responses to LPS, in addition to their modulation by BH4 supply. The LPS challenge resulted in decreased striatal DA levels and increased Phenylalanine/Tyrosine ratio, suggesting reduced BH4 activity. BH4 supply was effective to increase striatal BH4 levels, to restore the LPS-induced decreased in DA levels in striatum and to dampen the LPS-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines. At the behavioral level, BH4 supply was able to restore the loss of locomotor response to amphetamine in the LPS treated mice, suggesting a modulation of the dopaminergic neurotransmission. These data suggest that BH4 can be considered as a potential add-on molecule, helping to maintain or restore dopaminergic neurotransmission in neuroinflammatory conditions..
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vancassel
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France.
| | - H Fanet
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; OptiNutriBrain, International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - N Castanon
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - S Cussotto
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Capuron
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
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3
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Vasquez-Vivar J, Shi Z, Tan S. Tetrahydrobiopterin in Cell Function and Death Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:171-183. [PMID: 34806400 PMCID: PMC9293684 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is most well known as a required cofactor for enzymes regulating cellular redox homeostasis, aromatic amino acid metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Less well known are the effects dependent on the cofactor's availability, factors governing its synthesis and recycling, redox implications of the cofactor itself, and protein-protein interactions that underlie cell death. This review provides an understanding of the recent advances implicating BH4 in the mechanisms of cell death and suggestions of possible therapeutic interventions. Recent Advances: The levels of BH4 often reflect the sum of synthetic and recycling enzyme activities. Enhanced expression of GTP cyclohydrolase, the rate-limiting enzyme in biosynthesis, increases BH4, leading to improved cell function and survival. Pharmacologically increasing BH4 levels has similar beneficial effects, leading to enhanced production of neurotransmitters and nitric oxide or reducing oxidant levels. The GTP cyclohydrolase-BH4 pairing has been implicated in a type of cell death, ferroptosis. At the cellular level, BH4 counteracts anticancer therapies directed to enhance ferroptosis via glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity inhibition. Critical Issues: Because of the multitude of intertwined mechanisms, a clear relationship between BH4 and cell death is not well understood yet. The possibility that the cofactor directly influences cell viability has not been excluded in previous studies when modulating BH4-producing enzymes. Future Directions: The importance of cellular BH4 variations and BH4 biosynthetic enzymes to cell function and viability makes it essential to better characterize temporal changes, cofactor activity, and the influence on redox status, which in turn would help develop novel therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 171-183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
- Redox Biology Program, Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zhongjie Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sidhartha Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University and Central Michigan University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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The Pah-R261Q mouse reveals oxidative stress associated with amyloid-like hepatic aggregation of mutant phenylalanine hydroxylase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2073. [PMID: 33824313 PMCID: PMC8024259 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by autosomal recessive variants in phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), leading to systemic accumulation of L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) that may reach neurotoxic levels. A homozygous Pah-R261Q mouse, with a highly prevalent misfolding variant in humans, reveals the expected hepatic PAH activity decrease, systemic L-Phe increase, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan decrease, and tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia. Pah-R261Q mice also present unexpected traits, including altered lipid metabolism, reduction of liver tetrahydrobiopterin content, and a metabolic profile indicative of oxidative stress. Pah-R261Q hepatic tissue exhibits large ubiquitin-positive, amyloid-like oligomeric aggregates of mutant PAH that colocalize with selective autophagy markers. Together, these findings reveal that PKU, customarily considered a loss-of-function disorder, can also have toxic gain-of-function contribution from protein misfolding and aggregation. The proteostasis defect and concomitant oxidative stress may explain the prevalence of comorbid conditions in adult PKU patients, placing this mouse model in an advantageous position for the discovery of mutation-specific biomarkers and therapies.
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Fanet H, Tournissac M, Leclerc M, Caron V, Tremblay C, Vancassel S, Calon F. Tetrahydrobiopterin Improves Recognition Memory in the Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease, Without Altering Amyloid-β and Tau Pathologies. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:709-727. [PMID: 33337360 PMCID: PMC7902975 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease, implying that multi-target treatments may be necessary to effectively cure AD. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an enzymatic cofactor required for the synthesis of monoamines and nitric oxide that also exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite its crucial role in the CNS, the potential of BH4 as a treatment in AD has never been scrutinized. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated whether BH4 peripheral administration improves cognitive symptoms and AD neuropathology in the triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD), a model of age-related tau and amyloid-β (Aβ) neuropathologies associated with behavior impairment. METHODS Non-transgenic (NonTg) and 3xTg-AD mice were subjected to a control diet (5% fat - CD) or to a high-fat diet (35% fat - HFD) from 6 to 13 months to exacerbate metabolic disorders. Then, mice received either BH4 (15 mg/kg/day, i.p.) or vehicle for ten consecutive days. RESULTS This sub-chronic administration of BH4 rescued memory impairment in 13-month-old 3xTg-AD mice, as determined using the novel object recognition test. Moreover, the HFD-induced glucose intolerance was completely reversed by the BH4 treatment in 3xTg-AD mice. However, the HFD or BH4 treatment had no significant impact on Aβ and tau neuropathologies. CONCLUSION Overall, our data suggest a potential benefit from BH4 administration against AD cognitive and metabolic deficits accentuated by HFD consumption in 3xTg-AD mice, without altering classical neuropathology. Therefore, BH4 should be considered as a candidate for drug repurposing, at least in subtypes of cognitively impaired patients experiencing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hortense Fanet
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR, Bordeaux, France
- International Associated Laboratory OptiNutriBrain, Pavillon des Services, Québec, Canada
| | - Marine Tournissac
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- International Associated Laboratory OptiNutriBrain, Pavillon des Services, Québec, Canada
| | - Manon Leclerc
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
| | - Vicky Caron
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
| | - Cyntia Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Vancassel
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR, Bordeaux, France
- International Associated Laboratory OptiNutriBrain, Pavillon des Services, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- International Associated Laboratory OptiNutriBrain, Pavillon des Services, Québec, Canada
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Fanet H, Capuron L, Castanon N, Calon F, Vancassel S. Tetrahydrobioterin (BH4) Pathway: From Metabolism to Neuropsychiatry. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:591-609. [PMID: 32744952 PMCID: PMC8573752 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200729103529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydrobipterin (BH4) is a pivotal enzymatic cofactor required for the synthesis of serotonin, dopamine and nitric oxide. BH4 is essential for numerous physiological processes at periphery and central levels, such as vascularization, inflammation, glucose homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress and neurotransmission. BH4 de novo synthesis involves the sequential activation of three enzymes, the major controlling point being GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH1). Complementary salvage and recycling pathways ensure that BH4 levels are tightly kept within a physiological range in the body. Even if the way of transport of BH4 and its ability to enter the brain after peripheral administration is still controversial, data showed increased levels in the brain after BH4 treatment. Available evidence shows that GCH1 expression and BH4 synthesis are stimulated by immunological factors, notably pro-inflammatory cytokines. Once produced, BH4 can act as an anti- inflammatory molecule and scavenger of free radicals protecting against oxidative stress. At the same time, BH4 is prone to autoxidation, leading to the release of superoxide radicals contributing to inflammatory processes, and to the production of BH2, an inactive form of BH4, reducing its bioavailability. Alterations in BH4 levels have been documented in many pathological situations, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and depression, in which increased oxidative stress, inflammation and alterations in monoaminergic function are described. This review aims at providing an update of the knowledge about metabolism and the role of BH4 in brain function, from preclinical to clinical studies, addressing some therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Fanet
- INRAe, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - L. Capuron
- INRAe, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - N. Castanon
- INRAe, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - F. Calon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - S. Vancassel
- INRAe, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
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Li Y, Wu L, Chen C, Wang L, Guo C, Zhao X, Zhao T, Wang X, Liu A, Yan Z. Serum Metabolic Profiling Reveals the Antidepressive Effects of the Total Iridoids of Valeriana jatamansi Jones on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:338. [PMID: 32265710 PMCID: PMC7099651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a long-term complex psychiatric disorder, and its etiology remains largely unknown. Valeriana jatamansi Jones ex Roxb (V. jatamansi) is used in the clinic for the treatment of depression, but there are insufficient reports of its antidepressive mechanisms and a poor understanding of its endogenous substance-related metabolism. The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers related to depression in serum samples and evaluate the antidepressive effects of the iridoid-rich fraction of V. jatamansi (IRFV) in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model. Methods Here, CUMS was used to establish a mouse model of depression. Behavioral and biochemical indicators were investigated to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects. A comprehensive serum metabolomics study by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) approach was applied to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of IRFV in CUMS mouse. Subsequently, we used multivariate statistical analysis to identify metabolic markers, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structure with discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), to distinguish between the CUMS mouse and the control group. Results After IRFV treatment, the immobility time, sucrose preference, and monoamine neurotransmitter were improved. PCA scores showed clear differences in metabolism between the CUMS group and control group. The PLS-DA or OPLS-DA model exhibited 26 metabolites as biomarkers to distinguish between the CUMS mice and the control mouse. Moreover, IRFV could significantly return 21 metabolites to normal levels. Conclusion The results confirmed that IRFV exerted an antidepressive effect by regulating multiple metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and amino acid metabolism. These findings provide insights into the antidepressive mechanisms of IRFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbiao Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liwen Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, China
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Evers RAF, van Vliet D, van Spronsen FJ. Tetrahydrobiopterin treatment in phenylketonuria: A repurposing approach. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:189-199. [PMID: 31373030 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, early diagnosis by neonatal screening and immediate institution of a phenylalanine-restricted diet can prevent severe intellectual impairment. Nevertheless, outcome remains suboptimal in some patients asking for additional treatment strategies. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4 ) could be one of those treatment options, as it may not only increase residual phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in BH4 -responsive PKU patients, but possibly also directly improves neurocognitive functioning in both BH4 -responsive and BH4 -unresponsive PKU patients. In the present review, we aim to further define the theoretical working mechanisms by which BH4 might directly influence neurocognitive functioning in PKU having passed the blood-brain barrier. Further research should investigate which of these mechanisms are actually involved, and should contribute to the development of an optimal BH4 treatment regimen to directly improve neurocognitive functioning in PKU. Such possible repurposing approach of BH4 treatment in PKU may improve neuropsychological outcome and mental health in both BH4 -responsive and BH4 -unresponsive PKU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland A F Evers
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique van Vliet
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Fanet H, Ducrocq F, Tournissac M, Oummadi A, Lo A, Bourrassa P, De Smedt-Peyrusse V, Azzougen B, Capuron L, Layé S, Moussa F, Trifilieff P, Calon F, Vancassel S. Tetrahydrobiopterin administration facilitates amphetamine-induced dopamine release and motivation in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112348. [PMID: 31711897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a critical neurotransmitter involved in motivational processes. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in DA synthesis. Decreases in BH4 levels are observed in several DA-related neuropsychiatric diseases involving impairment in motivation. Yet, whether BH4 could be used to treat motivational deficits has not been comprehensively investigated. To investigate the effects of exogenous BH4 administration on the dopaminergic system and related behaviors, we acutely injected mice with BH4 (50 mg/kg). Passage of BH4 through the blood brain barrier and accumulation in brain was measured using the in situ brain perfusion technique. DA release was then recorded using in-vivo micro-dialysis and motivation was evaluated through operant conditioning paradigms in basal condition and after an amphetamine (AMPH) injection. First, we showed that BH4 crosses the blood-brain barrier and that an acute peripheral injection of BH4 is sufficient to increase the concentrations of biopterins in the brain, without affecting BH4- and DA-related protein expression. Second, we report that this increase in BH4 enhanced AMPH-stimulated DA release in the nucleus accumbens. Finally, we found that BH4-induced DA release led to improved performance of a motivational task. Altogether, these findings suggest that BH4, through its action on the dopaminergic tone, could be used as a motivational enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fanet
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - F Ducrocq
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Tournissac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - A Oummadi
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Lo
- LETIAM, Lip(Sys)2' EA7357, IUT d'Orsay, Université Paris Sud 11, Plateau de Moulon, Orsay, France; Biochemistry and Neuropediatrics Department, Groupe Hospitalier Trousseau Laroche-Guyon, 26 Avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, Paris, France
| | - P Bourrassa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - B Azzougen
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Capuron
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - S Layé
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - F Moussa
- LETIAM, Lip(Sys)2' EA7357, IUT d'Orsay, Université Paris Sud 11, Plateau de Moulon, Orsay, France; Biochemistry and Neuropediatrics Department, Groupe Hospitalier Trousseau Laroche-Guyon, 26 Avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, Paris, France
| | - P Trifilieff
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Calon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada
| | - S Vancassel
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrated Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France; OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NurtriNeuro France-INAF Canada), Quebec City, Canada.
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10
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Jung-Kc K, Himmelreich N, Prestegård KS, Shi TJS, Scherer T, Ying M, Jorge-Finnigan A, Thöny B, Blau N, Martinez A. Phenylalanine hydroxylase variants interact with the co-chaperone DNAJC12. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:483-494. [PMID: 30667134 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNAJC12, a type III member of the HSP40/DNAJ family, has been identified as the specific co-chaperone of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) and the other aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. DNAJ proteins work together with molecular chaperones of the HSP70 family to assist in proper folding and maintenance of intracellular stability of their clients. Autosomal recessive mutations in DNAJC12 were found to reduce PAH levels, leading to hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) in patients without mutations in PAH. In this work, we investigated the interaction of normal wild-type DNAJC12 with mutant PAH in cells expressing several PAH variants associated with HPA in humans, as well as in the Enu1/1 mouse model, homozygous for the V106A-Pah variant, which leads to severe protein instability, accelerated PAH degradation and mild HPA. We found that mutant PAH exhibits increased ubiquitination, instability, and aggregation compared with normal PAH. In mouse liver lysates, we showed that DNAJC12 interacts with monoubiquitin-tagged PAH. This form represented a major fraction of PAH in the Enu1/1 but was also present in liver of wild-type PAH mice. Our results support a role of DNAJC12 in the processing of misfolded ubiquitinated PAH by the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome/autophagy systems and add to the evidence that the DNAJ proteins are important players both for proper folding and degradation of their clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Jung-Kc
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Tanja Scherer
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ming Ying
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nenad Blau
- Dietmar-Hopp-Metabolic Center, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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