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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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2
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Zhang C, Xue Y, Wang L, Wu Q, Fang B, Sheng Y, Bai H, Peng B, Yang N, Li L. Progress on the Physiological Function of Mitochondrial DNA and Its Specific Detection and Therapy. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100474. [PMID: 34661371 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the genetic information of mitochondrion, and its structure is circular double-stranded. Despite the diminutive size of the mitochondrial genome, mtDNA mutations are an important cause of mitochondrial diseases which are characterized by defects in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Mitochondrial diseases are involved in multiple systems, particularly in the organs that are highly dependent on aerobic metabolism. The diagnosis of mitochondrial disease is more complicated since mtDNA mutations can cause various clinical symptoms. To realize more accurate diagnosis and treatment of mitochondrial diseases, the detection of mtDNA and the design of drugs acting on it are extremely important. Over the past few years, many probes and therapeutic drugs targeting mtDNA have been developed, making significant contributions to fundamental research including elucidation of the mechanisms of mitochondrial diseases at the genetic level. In this review, we summarize the structure, function, and detection approaches for mtDNA. The most current topics in this field, such as mechanistic exploration and treatment of mtDNA mutation-related disorders, are also reviewed. Specific attention is given to discussing the design and development of these probes and drugs for mtDNA. We hope that this review will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the importance of mtDNA, and promote the development of effective molecules for theragnosis of mtDNA mutation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and, Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and, Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and, Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and, Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and, Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
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3
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Mohamed Yusoff AA, Mohd Khair SZN, Abd Radzak SM, Idris Z, Lee HC. Prevalence of mitochondrial DNA common deletion in patients with gliomas and meningiomas: A first report from a Malaysian study group. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:838-844. [PMID: 32732530 PMCID: PMC7478208 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 4977-bp common deletion (mtDNA) is a well-established mitochondrial genome alteration that has been described in various types of human cancers. However, to date, no studies on mtDNA in brain tumors have been reported. The present study aimed to determine mtDNA prevalence in common brain tumors, specifically, low- and high-grade gliomas (LGGs and HGGs), and meningiomas in Malaysian cases. Its correlation with clinicopathological parameters was also evaluated. METHODS A total of 50 patients with pathologically confirmed brain tumors (13 LGGs, 20 HGGs, and 17 meningiomas) were enrolled in this study. mtDNA was detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and later confirmed via Sanger DNA sequencing. RESULTS Overall, mtDNA was observed in 16 (32%) patients and it was significantly correlated with the type of tumor group and sex, being more common in the HGG group and in male patients. CONCLUSION The prevalence of mtDNA in Malaysian glioma and meningioma cases has been described for the first time and it was, indeed, comparable with previously published studies. This study provides initial insights into mtDNA in brain tumor and these findings can serve as new data for the global mitochondrial DNA mutations database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Address correspondence. Dr. Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff, Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia. E-mail address: (A.A. Mohamed Yusoff)
| | - Siti Zulaikha Nashwa Mohd Khair
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Muslihah Abd Radzak
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zamzuri Idris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hsin-Chen Lee
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Luo Y, Ma J, Lu W. The Significance of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165598. [PMID: 32764295 PMCID: PMC7460667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential organelle in nucleated eukaryotic cells, mitochondria play a central role in energy metabolism, maintenance of redox balance, and regulation of apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction, either due to the TCA cycle enzyme defects, mitochondrial DNA genetic mutations, defective mitochondrial electron transport chain, oxidative stress, or aberrant oncogene and tumor suppressor signaling, has been observed in a wide spectrum of human cancers. In this review, we summarize mitochondrial dysfunction induced by these alterations that promote human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongde Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Jianjia Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Weiqin Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
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5
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Nguyen H, LaFramboise T. Complexities and pitfalls in analyzing and interpreting mitochondrial DNA content in human cancer. J Genet Genomics 2020; 47:349-359. [PMID: 33004308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human mitochondrial genome have been observed in all types of human cancer, indicating that mutations might contribute to tumorigenesis, metastasis, recurrence, or drug response. This possibility is appealing because of the known shift from oxidative metabolism to glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect, that occurs in malignancy. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations could either be maternally inherited and predispose to cancer (germ line mutations) or occur sporadically in the mtDNA of specific tissues (tissue- or tumor-specific somatic mutations) and contribute to the tumor initiation and progression process. High-throughput sequencing technologies now enable comprehensive detection of mtDNA variation in tissues and bodily fluids, with the potential to be used as an early detection tool that may impact the treatment of cancer. Here, we discuss insights into the roles of mtDNA mutations in carcinogenesis, highlighting the complexities involved in the analysis and interpretation of mitochondrial genomic content, technical challenges in studying their contribution to pathogenesis, and the value of mtDNA mutations in developing early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRSIG), 458 Minh Khai, Vinh Tuy, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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6
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Kolesar JE, Kaufman BA. Using Two-Dimensional Intact Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (2D-IMAGE) to Detect Changes in Topology Associated with Mitochondrial Replication, Transcription, and Damage. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2119:25-42. [PMID: 31989512 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0323-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity and how replication, transcription, repair, and degradation maintain mitochondrial function has been hampered due to the inability to identify mtDNA structural forms. Here we describe the use of 2D intact mtDNA agarose gel electrophoresis, or 2D-IMAGE, to identify up to 25 major mtDNA topoisomers such as double-stranded circular mtDNA (including supercoiled molecules, nicked circles, and multiple catenated species) and various forms containing single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) structures. Using this modification of a classical 1D gel electrophoresis procedure, many of the identified mtDNA species have been associated with mitochondrial replication, damage, deletions, and possibly transcription. The increased resolution of 2D-IMAGE allows for the identification and monitoring of novel mtDNA intermediates to reveal alterations in genome replication, transcription, repair, or degradation associated with perturbations during mitochondrial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Kolesar
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brett A Kaufman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine and the Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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7
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Yusoff AAM, Abdullah WSW, Khair SZNM, Radzak SMA. A comprehensive overview of mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion in cancer studies. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:409. [PMID: 31044027 PMCID: PMC6478002 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular machines essential for energy production. The biogenesis of mitochondria is a highly complex and it depends on the coordination of the nuclear and mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and deletions are suspected to be associated with carcinogenesis. The most described mtDNA deletion in various human cancers is called the 4977-bp common deletion (mDNA4977) and it has been explored since two decades. In spite of that, its implication in carcinogenesis still unknown and its predictive and prognostic impact remains controversial. This review article provides an overview of some of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying mDNA4977 formation and a detailed summary about mDNA4977 reported in various types of cancers. The current knowledges of mDNA4977 as a prognostic and predictive marker are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Salihah Wan Abdullah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Muslihah Abd Radzak
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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8
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Luo Y, Zou Y, Wu J, Zhang ZY, Liu FY, Li LP, Huang OP. The mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion and copy number alteration in Han Chinese samples with uterine fibroids. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 83:220-230. [PMID: 30821350 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign neoplasms, but their pathogenesis is not completely understood. Thus far, alterations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and the mtDNA 4977-bp deletion level in UFs, as well as the corresponding nontumorous tissue, have remained elusive. To test whether large mtDNA deletions and mtDNA content are involved in the pathogenesis of UFs, a total of 309 UF tissues and 28 paired adjacent myometrium from 270 UF patients were enrolled for the analysis of large mtDNA deletions and mtDNA content through the use of nested PCR and qPCR techniques, respectively. In our samples, a 4977-bp deletion was identified: 36 out of 309 UF tissues (11.56%) and 15 out of 28 (53.57%) paired adjacent myometrium were detected to harbor the 4977-bp deletion. In addition, a novel 4838-bp mtDNA deletion was identified in three UF tissues, and other different sizes of deleted fragments (4910, 4926, 5135-bp) were also found in UFs for the first time. Furthermore, older age was significantly associated with an mtDNA large deletion in the paired adjacent myometrium. We also found that increased mtDNA content and higher expression of ND1 occurred in solitary fibroids compared to adjacent myometrium. In conclusion, we identified a lower frequency of mtDNA large deletions and some novel large deletion in UFs for the first time. Furthermore, there was a general increase of mtDNA copy number during solitary UF development. Although the definite mechanism by which mtDNA was altered is supposed to be further confirmed, it will be helpful for further studies on the pathological mechanism of UFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Gynaecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fa-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ou-Ping Huang
- Department of Gynaecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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9
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Keles M, Sahin I, Kurt A, Bozoglu C, Simsek G, Kabalar E, Tatar A. Mitochondrial DNA deletions in patients with esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:1671-1676. [PMID: 31148997 PMCID: PMC6531945 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major types of esophageal cancer with poor prognosis. The mechanisms of the progression of normal esophagus to Barrett's esophagus (BE) and EA are not fully understood. Mitochondria play a central role in generating energy, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been identified in many diseases including cancers. Mutations of mtDNA were investigated as a part of carcinogenesis. Objective Our objective is to study whether the 5 kb and 7.4 kb mtDNA deletions are important in the progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA. Method In this study, the frequency of the 5 kb and 7.4 kb deletions in mtDNA were studied in specimens ranging from normal esophageal tissue to BE and EA and also from ESCC. Seventy six paraffin-embedded tissue samples were studied. Four couple primers were used. Results Seventy-six tissue samples were analyzed total. The negative control and the positive control PCR product were detected in all analyzed samples. The fusion PCR products, which represent the presence of the deletions, were not detected in any of the samples. Conclusion We can say that, these deletions are not associated with progression of normal esophagus to BE and EA and they do not have an important role in detecting esophagitis, BE, EA, and ESSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Keles
- Department of Pathology, Ataturk University Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sahin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Kurt
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Research and Training Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Bozoglu
- Department of Biology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Simsek
- Department of Pathology, Kecioren Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esref Kabalar
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Research and Training Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ataturk University Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey
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10
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Huang YH, Chen CM, Lee YS, Chang KH, Chen HW, Chen YC. Detection of mitochondrial DNA with 4977 bp deletion in leukocytes of patients with ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193175. [PMID: 29474453 PMCID: PMC5825052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease is associated with a common mitochondrial DNA alteration, a 4977 bp deletion (mtDNA4977). The role of mtDNA4977 in ischemic stroke is unknown. METHODS Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to quantify total mtDNA and mtDNA4977 in leukocytes in 283 ischemic stroke cases and 135 controls. Ratios of mtDNA4977 to total-mtDNA and total-mtDNA to nuclear-DNA were calculated. Nested PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm undetectable levels of mtDNA4977. RESULTS For 191 patients and 74 control subjects in the male group and 92 patients and 61 control subjects in the female group, there were no significant between-group differences in age, cholesterol level, body mass index, stroke severity, or 4977 deletion. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no correlation between mtDNA4977 amount and infarction risk, recurrent stroke, or stroke severity. However, mtDNA4977 was undetected in 6.94% subjects, and these individuals had a higher prevalence of stroke than those with detectable mtDNA4977 (OR: 0.181, 95% CI 0.041-0.798, p = 0.024). Additionally, mtDNA4977 status had no effect on stroke prognosis, including stroke severity and recurrent stroke. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there was no apparent association between mtDNA4977 deletion and cerebral infarction. Undetectable mtDNA4977 may be a marker or risk factor for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-hua Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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11
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Conti L, Vatrano S, Bertero L, Masu L, Pacchioni D, Daniele L, De Rosa G, Cassoni P, Volante M, Papotti M. Mitochondrial DNA "common deletion" in post-fine needle aspiration infarcted oncocytic thyroid tumors. Hum Pathol 2017; 69:23-30. [PMID: 28962946 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) can rarely induce morphological changes potentially hindering the histopathological diagnosis, especially in Hurthle cell tumors (HCTs), which may easily undergo post-FNA infarction or necrosis. HCTs contain mitochondrion (mt)-rich cells that may bear mtDNA mutations, the most frequent being the so-called common deletion (CD). The aim of this study was to determine the presence and extent of the mtDNA CD in a series of thyroid HCTs that underwent extensive infarction following FNA procedure in comparison with a control series of HCTs lacking post-FNA ischemic/hemorrhagic alterations. Of 257 HCTs with available matched FNA and surgical specimens, 8 cases showed extensive (≥80%) infarction or necrosis in the resected nodule (4 adenomas, 1 carcinoma, 3 HCTs undefined for malignancy). Noninfarcted tumors in the control series included 9 adenomas, 1 carcinoma, and 1 follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential. These lesions were significantly (P = .03) larger than infarcted nodules. The mtDNA CD was identified using semiquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 2 of 8 (25%) infarcted tumors. In HCTs lacking infarction/necrosis of the control series, the CD was significantly (P = .05) more common (8/11 cases, 72.7%). In 7 of the 10 deleted cases, the CD was present also in the adjacent nonneoplastic parenchyma. In conclusion, the rare oncocytic tumors undergoing extensive infarction are smaller than those lacking ischemic changes and bear the mtDNA CD in a significantly lower proportion compared with control noninfarcted HCTs. This may suggest that mtDNA deletion confers a survival advantage to oncocytic cells in stress conditions, including FNA procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Conti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Vatrano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - Luca Bertero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Lavinia Masu
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Pacchioni
- Pathology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano (Torino), Italy.
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
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12
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Guo ZS, Jin CL, Yao ZJ, Wang YM, Xu BT. Analysis of the Mitochondrial 4977 Bp Deletion in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Balkan J Med Genet 2017; 20:81-86. [PMID: 28924544 PMCID: PMC5596825 DOI: 10.1515/bjmg-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the mitochondrial (mt) genome that result in mt dysfunction, have long been proposed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among these, the common mtDNA 4977 bp deletion is one of the most frequent mutations observed in various cancers. To understand the relationship between the mtDNA 4977 bp deletion and HCC, we performed mutational screening for the presence of this deletion in 105 HCC patients and 69 unrelated healthy subjects. After nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) amplification, we found that there were 10 patients carrying the mtDNA 4977 bp deletion, and this deletion was absent in control subjects. Moreover, HCC patients carrying this deletion showed a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and mtDNA copy number when compared with the healthy controls. Taken together, our data indicated that the mtDNA 4977 bp deletion may play important role in the carcinogenesis of HCC, possibly via the alternation of mtDNA copy number and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZS Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
- Dr. Zhen-Shan Guo or Dr. Bo-Tao Xu, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Jianmin Road 9, Taozhu Street, Shaoxing, 311800, People’s Republic of China. Tel./Fax: +86-0575-81782103
| | - CL Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZJ Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - YM Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - BT Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
- Dr. Zhen-Shan Guo or Dr. Bo-Tao Xu, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Jianmin Road 9, Taozhu Street, Shaoxing, 311800, People’s Republic of China. Tel./Fax: +86-0575-81782103
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Nie H, Chen G, He J, Zhang F, Li M, Wang Q, Zhou H, Lyu J, Bai Y. Mitochondrial common deletion is elevated in blood of breast cancer patients mediated by oxidative stress. Mitochondrion 2016; 26:104-12. [PMID: 26678158 PMCID: PMC4846287 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The 4977 bp common deletion is one of the most frequently observed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in human tissues and has been implicated in various human cancer types. It is generally believed that continuous generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) during oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is a major underlying mechanism for generation of such mtDNA deletions while antioxidant systems, including Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), mitigating the deleterious effects of ROS. However, the clinical significance of this common deletion remains to be explored. A comprehensive investigation on occurrence and accumulation of the common deletion and mtDNA copy number was carried out in breast carcinoma (BC) patients, benign breast disease (BBD) patients and age-matched healthy donors in our study. Meanwhile, the representative oxidative (ROS production, mtDNA and lipid oxidative damage) and anti-oxidative features (MnSOD expression level and variation) in blood samples from these groups were also analyzed. We found that the mtDNA common deletion is much more likely to be detected in BC patients at relatively high levels while the mtDNA content is lower. This alteration has been associated with a higher MnSOD level and higher oxidative damages in both BC and BBD patients. Our results indicate that the mtDNA common deletion in blood may serve a biomarker for the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhongrong Nie
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guorong Chen
- Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing He
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiufeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaibin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yidong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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The progression from a lower to a higher invasive stage of bladder cancer is associated with severe alterations in glucose and pyruvate metabolism. Exp Cell Res 2015; 335:91-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Zhang Y, Ma Y, Bu D, Liu H, Xia C, Zhang Y, Zhu S, Pan H, Pei P, Zheng X, Wang S, Xu Y, Qi Y. Deletion of a 4977-bp Fragment in the Mitochondrial Genome Is Associated with Mitochondrial Disease Severity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128624. [PMID: 26024530 PMCID: PMC4449107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Large deletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may be involved in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial disease. In this study, we investigated the relationship between a 4,977-bp deletion in the mitochondrial genome (ΔmtDNA4977) and the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with mitochondrial disease lacking known point mutations. A total of 160 patients with mitochondrial disease and 101 healthy controls were recruited for this study. The copy numbers of ΔmtDNA4977 and wild-type mtDNA were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and analyzed using Spearman’s bivariate correlation analysis, t-tests, or one-way ANOVA. The overall ΔmtDNA4977 copy number per cell and the proportion of mtDNA4977 relative to the total wild-type mtDNA, increased with patient age and symptom severity. Surprisingly, the total mtDNA copy number decreased with increasing symptom severity. Our analyses revealed that increases in the proportion and total copy number of ΔmtDNA4977 in the blood may be associated with disease severity in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yinan Ma
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
- * E-mail: (YM); (YQ)
| | - Dingfang Bu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Changyu Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Sainan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xuefei Zheng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Songtao Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, West District, Beijing, 100034, China
- * E-mail: (YM); (YQ)
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Dimberg J, Hong TT, Nguyen LTT, Skarstedt M, Löfgren S, Matussek A. Common 4977 bp deletion and novel alterations in mitochondrial DNA in Vietnamese patients with breast cancer. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:58. [PMID: 25674508 PMCID: PMC4318828 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been proposed to be involved in carcinogenesis and ageing. The mtDNA 4977 bp deletion is one of the most frequently observed mtDNA mutations in human tissues and may play a role in breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of mtDNA 4977 bp deletion in BC tissue and its association with clinical factors. We determined the presence of the 4977 bp common deletion in cancer and normal paired tissue samples from 106 Vietnamese patients with BC by sequencing PCR products. The mtDNA 4977 bp deletion was significantly more frequent in normal tissue in comparison with paired cancer tissue. Moreover, the incidence of the 4977 bp deletion in BC tissue was significantly higher in patients with estrogen receptor (ER) positive as compared with ER negative BC tissue. Preliminary results showed, in cancerous tissue, a significantly higher incidence of novel deletions in the group of patients with lymph node metastasis in comparison with the patients with no lymph node metastasis. We have found 4977 bp deletion in mtDNA to be a common event in BC and with special reference to ER positive BC. In addition, the novel deletions were shown to be related to lymph node metastasis. Our finding may provide complementary information in prediction of clinical outcome including metastasis, recurrence and survival of patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dimberg
- Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, University College of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Thai Trinh Hong
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh Tu Thi Nguyen
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Marita Skarstedt
- Departments of Clinical Microbiology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Sture Löfgren
- Departments of Clinical Microbiology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas Matussek
- Departments of Laboratory Services, Ryhov County Hospital, SE-551 85 Jönköping, Sweden
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17
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Datta S, Chattopadhyay E, Ray JG, Majumder M, Roy PD, Roy B. D-loop somatic mutations and ∼5 kb "common" deletion in mitochondrial DNA: important molecular markers to distinguish oral precancer and cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:3025-33. [PMID: 25527154 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from genomic DNA, mutations at mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been hypothesized to play vital roles in cancer development. In this study, ∼5 kb deletion and D-loop mutations in mtDNA and alteration in mtDNA content were investigated in buccal smears from 104 healthy controls and 74 leukoplakia and 117 cancer tissue samples using Taqman-based quantitative assay and re-sequencing. The ∼5 kb deletion in mtDNA was significantly less (9.8 and 10.5 folds, P < 0.0001) in cancer tissues compared to control and leukoplakia tissues, respectively. On the other hand, somatic mutations in D-loop, investigated in 54 controls, 50 leukoplakias and 56 cancer patients, were found to be significantly more in cancer tissues, but not in leukoplakia tissues, compared to control (Z-score = 5.4). MtDNA contents were observed to be significantly more in leukoplakia (2.1 folds, P = 0.004) and cancer (1.6 folds, P = 0.03) tissues compared to control tissues. So, D-loop somatic mutations and ∼5 kb deletion patterns could be used as distinguishing markers between precancer and cancer tissues. This observation further suggests that somatic mutations in D-loop may facilitate carcinogenesis and cancer cells with less ∼5 kb deletion, i.e., intact mtDNA, may become resistant to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Datta
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
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18
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Huang B, Gao YT, Shu XO, Wen W, Yang G, Li G, Courtney R, Ji BT, Li HL, Purdue MP, Zheng W, Cai Q. Association of leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number with colorectal cancer risk: Results from the Shanghai Women's Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2357-65. [PMID: 25139937 PMCID: PMC4221544 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play an important role in cellular energy metabolism, free radical production, and apoptosis, and thus may be involved in cancer development. METHODS We evaluated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in peripheral leukocytes in relation to colorectal cancer risk in a case-control study of 444 colorectal cancer cases and 1,423 controls nested in the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study. Relative mtDNA copy number was determined by a quantitative real-time PCR assay using peripheral leukocyte DNA samples collected at the time of study enrollment, before cancer diagnosis. RESULTS We found that baseline mtDNA copy number was lower among women who subsequently developed colorectal cancer [geometric mean, 0.277; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.269-0.285] than among women who remained cancer-free (geometric mean, 0.288; 95% CI, 0.284-0.293; P = 0.0153). Multivariate adjusted ORs were 1.26 (95% CI, 0.93-1.70) and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.06-1.94) for the middle and lower tertiles of mtDNA copy number, respectively, compared with the upper tertile (highest mtDNA copy number; Ptrend = 0.0204). The association varied little by the interval between blood collection and cancer diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that mtDNA copy number measured in peripheral leukocytes may be a potential biomarker useful for colorectal cancer risk assessment. IMPACT If confirmed, mtDNA copy number measured in peripheral leukocytes may be a biomarker useful for colorectal cancer risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee. School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Guoliang Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Regina Courtney
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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SIQUEIRA RAQUELG, SILVA DAYSEADA, MELO LUIZDDE, CARVALHO ELIZEUFDE, FERREIRA-MACHADO SAMARAC, ALMEIDA CARLOSEDE. Common Deletion (CD) in mitochondrial DNA of irradiated rat heart. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:685-694. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-37652014110912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to map the common deletion (CD) area in mtDNA and investigate the levels of this deletion in irradiated heart. The assays were developed in male Wistar rats that were irradiated with three different single doses (5, 10 or 15 Gy) delivered directly to the heart and the analyses were performed at various times post-irradiation (3, 15 or 120 days). The CDs area were sequenced and the CD quantified by real-time PCR. Our study demonstrated that the CD levels progressively decreased from the 3rduntil the 15th day after irradiation, and then increased thereafter. Additionally, it was observed that the levels of CD are modulated differently according to the different categories of doses (moderate and high). This study demonstrated an immediate response to ionizing radiation, measured by the presence of mutations in the CD area and a decrease in the CD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- RAQUEL G. SIQUEIRA
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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20
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Agodi A, Barchitta M, Quattrocchi A, Marchese AE, Boffetta P. Folate deficiency is not associated with increased mitochondrial genomic instability: results from dietary intake and lymphocytic mtDNA 4977-bp deletion in healthy young women in Italy. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:101-6. [PMID: 24419225 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 4977-bp deletion is a biomarker of mitochondrial genomic instability. It is frequently detected in a number of sporadic diseases, and it accumulates in many tissues during aging. Folic acid plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability in mammals. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to characterise the levels of the mtDNA deletion in the lymphocytes of healthy young women, taking into account folate intake, red blood cell (RBC) folate levels and the distribution of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism. Folate intake was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire. Determination of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and of the mtDNA deletion was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. A total of 476 women were enrolled. Low levels of deletion were found (mean ΔCt = 1.24). After multivariate analysis, results did not show any significant relationship between age, smoking habits, pregnancy status, nutritional status, inadequate folate intake, folate deficiency, use of folic acid supplements, MTHFR C677T polymorphism and mtDNA 4977-bp deletions. The lack of association between inadequate folate intake, folate deficiency and mitochondrial genomic instability was confirmed also considering reference values of folate based on DNA damage prevention. Our results indicate that mtDNA 4977-bp deletions are maintained at low levels in lymphocytes of young healthy women despite the wide range of variation of folate intakes and folate status. Future studies, carefully designed to address limits and methodological issues related to variation of this biomarker as an effect of different dietary patterns and of folate status, could provide further insight on the specific mechanisms that are acting in lymphocytes of healthy subjects under observed folate intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Agodi
- Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
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21
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The mitochondrial C16069T polymorphism, not mitochondrial D310 (D-loop) mononucleotide sequence variations, is associated with bladder cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:120. [PMID: 24308421 PMCID: PMC3930351 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a relatively common and potentially life-threatening neoplasm that ranks ninth in terms of worldwide cancer incidence. The aim of this study was to determine deletions and sequence variations in the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) region from the blood specimens and tumoral tissues of patients with bladder cancer, compared to adjacent non-tumoral tissues. Methods The DNA from blood, tumoral tissues and adjacent non-tumoral tissues of twenty-six patients with bladder cancer and DNA from blood of 504 healthy controls from different ethnicities were investigated to determine sequence variation in the mitochondrial D-loop region using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing and southern blotting analysis. Results From a total of 110 variations, 48 were reported as new mutations. No deletions were detected in tumoral tissues, adjacent non-tumoral tissues and blood samples from patients. Although the polymorphisms at loci 16189, 16261 and 16311 were not significantly correlated with bladder cancer, the C16069T variation was significantly present in patient samples compared to control samples (p < 0.05). Interestingly, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) of C variations, including C7TC6, C8TC6, C9TC6 and C10TC6, in D310 mitochondrial DNA between patients and control samples. Conclusion Our study suggests that 16069 mitochondrial DNA D-Loop mutations may play a significant role in the etiology of bladder cancer and facilitate the definition of carcinogenesis-related mutations in human cancer.
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22
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Mitochondrial DNA mutations and breast tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:336-44. [PMID: 24140413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and genetic factors play an important role in its genesis. Although mutations in tumor suppressors and oncogenes encoded by the nuclear genome are known to play a critical role in breast tumorigenesis, the contribution of the mitochondrial genome to this process is unclear. Like the nuclear genome, the mitochondrial genome also encodes proteins critical for mitochondrion functions such as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which is known to be defective in cancer including breast cancer. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is more susceptible to mutations due to limited repair mechanisms compared to nuclear DNA (nDNA). Thus changes in mitochondrial genes could also contribute to the development of breast cancer. In this review we discuss mtDNA mutations that affect OXPHOS. Continuous acquisition of mtDNA mutations and selection of advantageous mutations ultimately leads to generation of cells that propagate uncontrollably to form tumors. Since irreversible damage to OXPHOS leads to a shift in energy metabolism towards enhanced aerobic glycolysis in most cancers, mutations in mtDNA represent an early event during breast tumorigenesis, and thus may serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of breast cancer. Because mtDNA mutations lead to defective OXPHOS, development of agents that target OXPHOS will provide specificity for preventative and therapeutic agents against breast cancer with minimal toxicity.
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23
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Mitochondrial common deletion, a potential biomarker for cancer occurrence, is selected against in cancer background: a meta-analysis of 38 studies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67953. [PMID: 23861839 PMCID: PMC3701633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been long proposed to play a major role in tumorigenesis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, especially the mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion has been found in patients of various types of cancer. In order to comprehend the mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion status in various cancer types, we performed a meta-analysis composed of 33 publications, in which a total of 1613 cancer cases, 1516 adjacent normals and 638 healthy controls were included. When all studies were pooled, we found that cancerous tissue carried a lower mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion frequency than adjacent non-cancerous tissue (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20-0.92, P = 0.03 for heterogeneity test, I(2) = 91.5%) among various types of cancer. In the stratified analysis by cancer type the deletion frequency was even lower in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue of breast cancer (OR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.06-0.61, P = 0.005 for heterogeneity test, I(2)= 82.7%). Interestingly, this observation became more significant in the stratified studies with larger sample sizes (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.58-0.86, P = 0.0005 for heterogeneity test, I(2) = 95.1%). Furthermore, when compared with the normal tissue from the matched healthy controls, increased deletion frequencies were observed in both adjacent non-cancerous tissue (OR = 3.02, 95% CI = 2.13-4.28, P<0.00001 for heterogeneity test, I(2)= 53.7%), and cancerous tissue (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.04-1.77, P = 0.02 for heterogeneity test, I(2)= 83.5%). This meta-analysis suggests that the mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion is often found in cancerous tissue and thus has the potential to be a biomarker for cancer occurrence in the tissue, but at the same time being selected against in various types of carcinoma tissues. Larger and better-designed studies are still warranted to confirm these findings.
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24
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Kolesar JE, Wang CY, Taguchi YV, Chou SH, Kaufman BA. Two-dimensional intact mitochondrial DNA agarose electrophoresis reveals the structural complexity of the mammalian mitochondrial genome. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 41:e58. [PMID: 23275548 PMCID: PMC3575812 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome exists in numerous structural conformations, complicating the study of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) metabolism. Here, we describe the development of 2D intact mtDNA agarose gel electrophoresis (2D-IMAGE) for the separation and detection of approximately two-dozen distinct topoisomers. Although the major topoisomers were well conserved across many cell and tissue types, unique differences in certain cells and tissues were also observed. RNase treatment revealed that partially hybridized RNAs associated primarily with covalently closed circular DNA, consistent with this structure being the template for transcription. Circular structures composed of RNA:DNA hybrids contained only heavy-strand DNA sequences, implicating them as lagging-strand replication intermediates. During recovery from replicative arrest, 2D-IMAGE showed changes in both template selection and replication products. These studies suggest that discrete topoisomers are associated with specific mtDNA-directed processes. Because of the increased resolution, 2D-IMAGE has the potential to identify novel mtDNA intermediates involved in replication or transcription, or pathology including oxidative linearization, deletions or depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Kolesar
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street VET220E, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Campbell CT, Kolesar JE, Kaufman BA. Mitochondrial transcription factor A regulates mitochondrial transcription initiation, DNA packaging, and genome copy number. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2012; 1819:921-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Nar R, Bedir A, Alacam H, Kilinc V, Avci B, Salis O, Gulten S. The effect of ouabain on mitochondrial DNA damage in HepG2 cell lines. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:2107-15. [PMID: 22890828 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our purpose in this study is to analyze mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lesion frequencies and mtDNA(4977) deletion in HepG2 cells to examine the effects of ouabain on mtDNA. HepG2 cells were treated with 0.75, 7.5, 75, and 750 nM of ouabain for 24 h in the presence and absence of 10 mM 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG). The frequency of mtDNA(4977) deletions and mitochondrial lesions were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. A ≥ 1.2-fold change or greater was considered significant. Ouabain doses of 750, 75, and 7.5 nM alone increased the frequency of mtDNA(4977) deletions 1.39, 1.92, and 1.44 times, respectively. The 750 and 75 nM ouabain doses combined with 2-DG increased the mtDNA(4977) deletion frequency 4.94 and 1.57 times, respectively. The 750 and 75 nM ouabain doses alone increased the mtDNA lesion frequency 2.5 and 1.5 times, respectively. The 750 nM ouabain dose combined with 2-DG increased the mtDNA lesion frequency 2.28 times. The 7.5 nM ouabain dose alone and combined with 2-DG decreased the mtDNA lesion frequency 0.67 and 0.45 times, respectively. Ouabain alone and when combined with 2-DG increases mtDNA lesion and mtDNA(4977) deletion frequencies. This supports the thesis that ouabain creates oxidative stress and induces DNA damage and apoptosis.
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Abstract
Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles in eukaryotic cells principally responsible for regulating cellular energy metabolism, free radical production, and the execution of apoptotic pathways. Abnormal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and aerobic metabolism as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction have long been hypothesized to be involved in tumorigenesis. In the past decades, numerous somatic mutations in both the coding and control regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been extensively examined in a broad range of primary human cancers, underscoring that accumulation of mtDNA alterations may be a critical factor in eliciting persistent mitochondrial defects and consequently contributing to cancer initiation and progression. However, the roles of these mtDNA mutations in the carcinogenic process remain largely unknown. This review outlines a wide variety of somatic mtDNA mutations identified in common human malignancies and highlights recent advances in understanding the causal roles of mtDNA variations in neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. In addition, it briefly illustrates how mtDNA alterations activate mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde signaling so as to modulate the expression of relevant nuclear genes or induce epigenetic changes and promote malignant phenotypes in cancer cells. The present state of our knowledge regarding how mutational changes in the mitochondrial genome could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for early detection of cancer and as a potential target in the development of new therapeutic approaches is also discussed. These findings strongly indicate that mtDNA mutations exert a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanisms of tumor development, but continued investigations are definitely required to further elucidate the functional significance of specific mtDNA mutations in the etiology of human cancers.
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Chen T, He J, Huang Y, Zhao W. The generation of mitochondrial DNA large-scale deletions in human cells. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:689-94. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Lee HC, Chang CM, Chi CW. Somatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA in aging and cancer progression. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9 Suppl 1:S47-58. [PMID: 20816876 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles responsible for generating ATP through respiration and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), producing reactive oxygen species, and initiating and executing apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to be an important hallmark of aging and cancer. Because mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is important in maintaining functionally competent organelles, accumulation of mtDNA mutations can affect energy production, oxidative stress, and cell survival, which may contribute to aging and/or carcinogenesis. This review outlines a variety of somatic mtDNA mutations identified in aging tissues and human cancers, as well as recent advances in understanding the causal role of mtDNA mutations in the aging process and cancer progression. Mitochondrial dysfunction elicited by somatic mutations in mtDNA could induce apoptosis in aging cells and some cancer cells with severe mtDNA mutations. In addition, it could activate mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde signaling to modulate the expression of nuclear genes involved in a metabolic shift from OXPHOS to glycolysis, facilitate cells to adapt to altered environments and develop resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, or promote metastatic properties of cancer cells. These findings suggest that accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations is not only an important contributor to human aging but also plays a critical role in cancer progression.
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Cui HH, Wang B, Han Y, Li AM, Wei W, Zhang BY. Detection of the 4 977 bp deletion mutation of mitochondrial DNA in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2934-2937. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i27.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between the 4 977-bp deletion mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA4977 deletion mutation) and the development of colorectal cancer.
METHODS: Colorectal cancer and cancer-adjacent neoplastic tissue samples taken from 50 colorectal cancer patients treated at the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command and the 117th Hospital of Chinese PLA in 2008, and normal colorectal tissue samples collected from 20 patients without colorectal cancer were included in this study. The mtDNA4977 deletion mutation in these samples was detected by long PCR.
RESULTS: The mtDNA4977 deletion mutation was detected in 10% (5/50) of colorectal cancer samples, 18% (9/50) of cancer-adjacent neoplastic tissue samples, and 15% (3/20) of normal colorectal tissue samples. The detection rate of the mtDNA4977 deletion mutation increased with age in all the three types of samples. The detection rate of the mtDNA4977 deletion mutation in high-age (≥60 years) group was significantly higher than that in low-age (<60 years) group (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The mtDNA4977 deletion mutation is not specific to colorectal cancer and may not play an important role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.
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Abstract
Over the course of our lifetime a stochastic process leads to gradual alterations of biomolecules on the molecular level, a process that is called ageing. Important changes are observed on the DNA-level as well as on the protein level and are the cause and/or consequence of our 'molecular clock', influenced by genetic as well as environmental parameters. These alterations on the molecular level may aid in forensic medicine to estimate the age of a living person, a dead body or even skeletal remains for identification purposes. Four such important alterations have become the focus of molecular age estimation in the forensic community over the last two decades. The age-dependent accumulation of the 4977bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA and the attrition of telomeres along with ageing are two important processes at the DNA-level. Among a variety of protein alterations, the racemisation of aspartic acid and advanced glycation endproducs have already been tested for forensic applications. At the moment the racemisation of aspartic acid represents the pinnacle of molecular age estimation for three reasons: an excellent standardization of sampling and methods, an evaluation of different variables in many published studies and highest accuracy of results. The three other mentioned alterations often lack standardized procedures, published data are sparse and often have the character of pilot studies. Nevertheless it is important to evaluate molecular methods for their suitability in forensic age estimation, because supplementary methods will help to extend and refine accuracy and reliability of such estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Meissner
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Kahlhorststraße 31-35, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
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Aral C, Akkiprik M, Kaya H, Ataizi-Çelikel C, Caglayan S, Ozisik G, Baloglu H, Ozer A. Mitochondrial DNA common deletion is not associated with thyroid, breast and colorectal tumors in Turkish patients. Genet Mol Biol 2010; 33:1-4. [PMID: 21637595 PMCID: PMC3036096 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572009005000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been focused on mitochondrial DNA changes and their relation to human cancers. Among them, a 4977 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA, named “common deletion”, has been investigated in several types of tumors, with inconsistent results. In this study, we investigated the presence of the common deletion in tissues from 25 breast, 25 colorectal and 50 thyroid tumors and in the adjacent healthy tissues from Turkish patients. Samples from healthy volunteers were also evaluated for comparison. Two PCR-based methods were used for the detection of the common deletion. First, two pairs of primers were used to amplify wild-type and deleted mtDNA. Then, a highly sensitive nested-PCR was performed, to determine low amounts of deleted genomes. By the first method, wild-type mtDNAs were observed in all samples, but a deletion was observed in only six thyroid samples, by using the nested-PCR method. In conclusion, the mitochondrial common deletion was very rare in our study group and did not appear to be not related with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenk Aral
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag Turkey
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Xia P, An HX, Dang CX, Radpour R, Kohler C, Fokas E, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Holzgreve W, Zhong XY. Decreased mitochondrial DNA content in blood samples of patients with stage I breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:454. [PMID: 20025731 PMCID: PMC2803198 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been implicated in carcinogenesis. We developed an accurate multiplex quantitative real-time PCR for synchronized determination of mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA). We sought to investigate whether mtDNA content in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients is associated with clinical and pathological parameters. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 60 patients with breast cancer and 51 age-matched healthy individuals as control. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood for the quantification of mtDNA and nDNA, using a one-step multiplex real-time PCR. A FAM labeled MGB probe and primers were used to amplify the mtDNA sequence of the ATP 8 gene, and a VIC labeled MGB probe and primers were employed to amplify the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase gene. mtDNA content was correlated with tumor stage, menstruation status, and age of patients as well as lymph node status and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her-2/neu protein. Results The content of mtDNA in stage I breast cancer patients was significantly lower than in other stages (overall P = 0.023). Reduced mtDNA was found often in post menopausal cancer group (P = 0.024). No difference in mtDNA content, in regards to age (p = 0.564), lymph node involvement (p = 0.673), ER (p = 0.877), PR (p = 0.763), and Her-2/neu expression (p = 0.335), was observed. Conclusion Early detection of breast cancer has proved difficult and current detection methods are inadequate. In the present study, decreased mtDNA content in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer was strongly associated with stage I. The use of mtDNA may have diagnostic value and further studies are required to validate it as a potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, PR China.
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Role of mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletions in esophageal cancer susceptibility and prognosis in a northern Indian population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 195:175-8. [PMID: 19963120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion (Delta upmtDNA4977) has been explored in various cancers, but its predictive or prognostic role in esophageal cancer is poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to investigate a possible role of Delta upmtDNA4977 in susceptibility and prognosis of esophageal cancer in a northern Indian population. The study was performed in 39 histopathologically confirmed cases with esophageal cancer. Tumor, normal tissues, and intravenous blood samples were taken for detection of Delta upmtDNA4977 through a duplex polymerase chain reaction technique. Delta upmtDNA4977 was detected in two tumors and one adjacent normal tissue sample, but in none of the blood samples. All three patients with Delta upmtDNA4977 were male, with squamous cell carcinoma in the middle third of the esophagus. Survival analysis suggested a role of Delta upmtDNA4977 in prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Despite the low frequency of Delta upmtDNA4977 in esophageal cancer patients of northern India, this feature may have a role in esophageal cancer progression and prediction of survival outcome.
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Shen J, Platek M, Mahasneh A, Ambrosone CB, Zhao H. Mitochondrial copy number and risk of breast cancer: a pilot study. Mitochondrion 2009; 10:62-8. [PMID: 19788937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that the copy number of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) per cell reflects gene-environment interactions between unknown hereditary factors and exposures affecting levels of oxidative stress. However, whether copy number of mtDNA could be a risk predictor of oxidative stress-related human cancers, such as breast cancer, remains to be determined. To explore the role of mtDNA copy number in breast cancer etiology, we analyzed mtDNA copy number in whole blood from 103 patients with breast cancer and 103 matched control subjects and examined in relation to endogenous antioxidants. Case patients with breast cancer had a statistically significantly higher mtDNA copy number than control subjects (median: 1.29 vs. 0.80, P<0.01). High mtDNA copy number (above the median in controls) was associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of breast cancer, compared with low copy number (Odds ratio (OR)=4.67, 95% CI: 2.45-8.92), with a statistically significant dose-response relationship in trend analysis (P<0.01). Moreover, mtDNA copy number was significantly inversely associated with several important endogenous oxidants and antioxidants in blood in either the cases (total glutathione, CuZn-SOD activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO)) or the controls (catalase (CAT) activity). These results suggest the mtDNA copy number could be associated with risk of breast cancer, perhaps through an oxidative stress mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Lee HC, Wei YH. Mitochondrial DNA instability and metabolic shift in human cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:674-701. [PMID: 19333428 PMCID: PMC2660656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10020674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A shift in glucose metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis is one of the biochemical hallmarks of tumor cells. Mitochondrial defects have been proposed to play an important role in the initiation and/or progression of various types of cancer. In the past decade, a wide spectrum of mutations and depletion of mtDNA have been identified in human cancers. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that activation of oncogenes or mutation of tumor suppressor genes, such as p53, can lead to the upregulation of glycolytic enzymes or inhibition of the biogenesis or assembly of respiratory enzyme complexes such as cytochrome c oxidase. These findings may explain, at least in part, the well documented phenomena of elevated glucose uptake and mitochondrial defects in cancers. In this article, we review the somatic mtDNA alterations with clinicopathological correlations in human cancers, and their potential roles in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. The signaling pathways involved in the shift from aerobic metabolism to glycolysis in human cancers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chen Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 112; E-Mail:
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 112
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail:
; Tel. 02-2826-7118; Fax: 02-28264843
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Tan BHL, Skipworth RJE, Stephens NA, Wheelhouse NM, Gilmour H, de Beaux AC, Paterson-Brown S, Fearon KCH, Ross JA. Frequency of the mitochondrial DNA 4977bp deletion in oesophageal mucosa during the progression of Barrett's oesophagus. Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:736-40. [PMID: 19211242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The mechanisms of the progression of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OA) are poorly understood. The frequency of the 4977bp deletion in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was investigated in specimens ranging from normal oesophageal tissue to OA in order to investigate whether this deletion represents a useful biomarker of disease progression. METHODS The presence of the 4977bp deletion was screened by PCR amplification from 70 specimens in total. RESULTS The frequency of specimens with the 4977bp deletion increased in relation to the degree of dysplasia (8.3% in normal squamous epithelium; 15.4% in BO; 40% in low grade dysplasia (LGD); 69.2% in high-grade dysplasia and 90% in para-tumoural tissue). However, the frequency of the deletion reduced sharply in OA specimens (16.7%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION The mtDNA 4977bp deletion may be useful as a biomarker to detect the severity of dysplasia but not the presence of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H L Tan
- University of Edinburgh, Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK.
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Fan AXC, Radpour R, Haghighi MM, Kohler C, Xia P, Hahn S, Holzgreve W, Zhong XY. Mitochondrial DNA content in paired normal and cancerous breast tissue samples from patients with breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 135:983-9. [PMID: 19125299 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We develop a multiplex quantitative real-time PCR for synchronized analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) to investigate relative mtDNA abundance in paired normal and cancerous breast tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS The amounts of nDNA and mtDNA in 102 tissue samples were quantified for both glyceraldehype-3-phosphodehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene and mtDNA encoded ATPase (MTATP) 8 gene. The average threshold cycle (Ct) number values of the nDNA and mtDNA were used to calculate relative mtDNA content in breast tissues. RESULTS The median delta Ct (DeltaCt) and the median mtDNA content for normal and cancerous breast tissues were 6.73 and 2.54, as well as 106.50 and 5.80 (P = 0.000, respectively). The mtDNA content was decreased in 82% of cancerous breast tissues compared with the normal ones. The changes were associated with hormone receptor status. CONCLUSION Our finding suggests that decreased mtDNA content in breast cancer may have diagnostic and prognostic value for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Xiu-Cheng Fan
- Laboratory for Prenatal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, Women's Hospital, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Room Nr. 416, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in cellular energy metabolism, free radical generation, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial DNA has been proposed to be involved in carcinogenesis because of its high susceptibility to mutations and limited repair mechanisms in comparison to nuclear DNA. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer type among women in the world and, although exhaustive research has been done on nuclear DNA changes, several studies describe a variety of mitochondrial DNA alterations present in breast cancer. In this review article, we to provide a summary of the mitochondrial genomic alterations reported in breast cancer and their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Salgado
- Clinical Genetics Unit, University Clinic of Navarra (CUN), Avda, Pio XII, 36, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Meissner C, Bruse P, Mohamed SA, Schulz A, Warnk H, Storm T, Oehmichen M. The 4977 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA in human skeletal muscle, heart and different areas of the brain: a useful biomarker or more? Exp Gerontol 2008; 43:645-652. [PMID: 18439778 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2008.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Revised: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are important players with regard to the ageing process. Since the early 1990s, the 4977 bp deletion has been studied in various tissues, especially in postmitotic tissues with high energy demand. Unfortunately, some of these studies included less than 10 subjects, so the aim of our study was to quantify reliably the deletion amount in nine different regions of human brain, heart and skeletal muscle in a cohort of 92 individuals. The basal ganglia contain the highest deletion amounts with values up to 2.93% and differences in deletion levels between early adolescence and older ages were up to three orders of magnitude. Values in frontal lobe were on average an order of magnitude lower, but lowest in cerebellar tissue where the amount was on average only 5 x 10(-3) of the basal ganglia. The deletion started to accumulate in iliopsoas muscle early in the fourth decade of life with values between 0.00019% and 0.0035% and was highest in a 102-year-old woman with 0.14%. In comparison to skeletal muscle, the overall abundance in heart muscle of the left ventricle was only one-third. The best linear logarithmic correlation between amount of the deletion and age was found in substantia nigra with r=0.87 (p<0.0005) followed by anterior wall of the left ventricle (r=0.82; p<0.0005). With regard to mitochondrial DNA damage, we propose to use the 4977 bp deletion as an ideal biomarker to discriminate between physiological ageing and accelerated ageing. The biological meaning of mitochondrial deletions in the process of ageing is under discussion, but there is experimental evidence that large-scale deletions impair the oxidative phosphorylation in single cells and sensitize these cells to undergo apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Meissner
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Luebeck, Kahlhorststrasse 31-35, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
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