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Karachalios C, Petousis S, Margioula-Siarkou C, Dinas K. Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:75. [PMID: 38192655 PMCID: PMC10773228 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading malignancy worldwide. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and BC is debatable. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV DNA in malignant breast tumors. An extensive search of the PubMed and SCOPUS databases was carried out for case-control studies published between January 1, 2003 and January 7, 2023, which compared HPV DNA detection in breast tissue specimens of female patients with BC and women with absent or benign breast disorders. Once the initial title/abstract screening was completed by two independent investigators, the full texts of the included studies from that stage were reviewed by the aforementioned investigators to determine if they should be included in the present study. Data extraction was independently conducted by two investigators. A third investigator was consulted to resolve disagreements through free discussion. MedCalc was used for quantitative synthesis. The significance of association was estimated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using the random-effects model. A total of 23 primary studies, including 3,243 subjects (2,027 patients and 1,216 controls), were eligible for quantitative analysis. HPV prevalence in patients with BC and controls was 21.95 and 8.96%, respectively. The prevalence of HPV differed significantly between the two groups (OR 3.83; 95% CI 2.03-7.25; P<0.01). Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using the I2 index which was 69.57% (95% CI 51.89-80.75). The risk of bias was assessed using an appropriate tool contributed by the CLARITY Group at McMaster University. Seven studies had a low risk of bias, 15 studies had a moderate risk of bias and only one study had a serious risk of bias. These results reinforce the hypothesis that HPV is involved in BC development and progression, indicating a possible role of HPV vaccination in BC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Karachalios
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Stamatios Petousis
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Margioula-Siarkou
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dinas
- Second Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54624, Greece
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Awan UA, Khattak AA, Ahmed N, Guo X, Akhtar S, Kamran S, Yongjing Z, Liu J, Khan S. An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1219161. [PMID: 37711194 PMCID: PMC10498127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1219161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast Cancer (BC) stands out as the widely prevalent malignancy among all the types of cancer affecting women worldwide. There is significant evidence that the pathogenicity of BC may be altered by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection; however, conclusive data are not yet available. Methods By searching five databases, including EMBASE, IBECS, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, a thorough systematic analysis was conducted on the prevalence of HPV in BC patients from 1990 to June 30, 2022. After applying extensive eligibility criteria, we selected 74 publications for further analysis based on the prevalence of HPV infections in breast tissues. All of the data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis, Cochran Q test and I2 statistic were used to calculate the heterogeneity of the prevalence among these studies using subgroup analysis. Variations in the HPV prevalence estimates in different subgroups were evaluated by subgroup meta-analysis. Results In total, 3156 studies were initially screened, resulting in 93 full-text studies reviewed, with 74 meeting inclusion criteria. Among a total of 7156 BC biopsies, the pool prevalence of HPV was 25.6% (95% CI= 0.24-0.33, τ2 = 0.0369 with significant heterogeneity between estimates (I 2 = 97% and p< 0.01). Consequently, 45 studies with available controls were further studied, and the prevalence of HPV in case-control studies was 26.2% with overall odds 5.55 (95% CI= 3.67-8.41, I 2 = 38%, τ2 = 1.4878, p< 0.01). Further subgroup analysis of HPV revealed HPV-16 had a maximum prevalence of 9.6% (95% CI= 3.06-11.86, I 2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.6111, p< 0.01). Among different geographical regions, Europe reported the maximum prevalence of HPV, i.e., 39.2% (95% CI=1.29-7.91, I 2 = 18%, τ2 = 1.2911, p< 0.01). Overall distribution showed HPV-18 was a frequent HPV subtype reported in Australia. Conclusion Current study provides a global estimate of HPV prevalence in BC patients and demonstrates a significant association between this virus and BC etiology. Nevertheless, we recommend further investigation into the underlying mechanism is essential to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ayub Awan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Khattak
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Noman Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sohail Akhtar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shehrish Kamran
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center (SKMCH&RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zhao Yongjing
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Maldonado-Rodríguez E, Hernández-Barrales M, Reyes-López A, Godina-González S, Gallegos-Flores PI, Esparza-Ibarra EL, González-Curiel IE, Aguayo-Rojas J, López-Saucedo A, Mendoza-Almanza G, Ayala-Luján JL. Presence of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Malignant Neoplasia and Non-Malignant Breast Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3648-3665. [PMID: 36005146 PMCID: PMC9406622 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44080250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors are associated with this disease’s development. Various research groups worldwide have reported the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in samples of malignant breast tumors. Although its role in mammary carcinogenesis is not fully understood, it is known that the HPV genome, once inserted into host cells, has oncogenic capabilities. The present study aimed to detect the presence of HPV DNA in 116 breast tissue biopsies and classify them according to their histology. It was found that 50.9% of the breast biopsies analyzed were malignant neoplasms, of which 74.6% were histologically classified as infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In biopsies with non-malignant breast disease, fibroadenoma was the most common benign neoplasm (39.1%). Detection of HPV DNA was performed through nested PCR using the external primer MY09/11 and the internal primer GP5+/6+. A hybridization assay genotyped HPV. HPV DNA was identified in 20.3% (12/59) of malignant neoplasms and 35% non-malignant breast disease (16/46). It was also detected in 27.3% (3/11) of breast tissue biopsies without alteration. However, there are no statistically significant differences between these groups and the existence of HPV DNA (p = 0.2521). Its presence was more frequent in non-malignant alterations than in malignant neoplasias. The most frequent genotypes in the HPV-positive samples were low-risk (LR) HPV-42 followed by high-risk (HR) HPV-31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Maldonado-Rodríguez
- Master in Science and Chemical Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | | | - Adrián Reyes-López
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Susana Godina-González
- Master in Science and Chemical Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Perla I. Gallegos-Flores
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico
| | - Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico
| | - Irma E. González-Curiel
- Master in Science and Chemical Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Jesús Aguayo-Rojas
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Adrián López-Saucedo
- Health Sciences Area, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Gretel Mendoza-Almanza
- National Council of Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
- Correspondence: (G.M.-A.); (J.L.A.-L.)
| | - Jorge L. Ayala-Luján
- Master in Science and Chemical Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Correspondence: (G.M.-A.); (J.L.A.-L.)
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Usman M, Hameed Y, Ahmad M, Jalil Ur Rehman, Ahmed H, Hussain MS, Asif R, Murtaza MG, Jawad MT, Iqbal MJ. Breast Cancer Risk and Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Bradford Hill Criteria Based Evaluation. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:e200122200389. [PMID: 35048811 DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220120105931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and human breast cancer (BC) has already been thoroughly studied worldwide with contradictory findings. Although the researchers have tried to minimize the conflict using statistical meta-analysis, because of its shortcomings, there is still a need to evaluate the correlation between HPV and BC using any additional method. OBJECTIVES This study was launched to investigate the correlation between HPV and BC through the application of Bradford Hill criteria postulates. METHODS Population-wide studies associating HPV with BC were searched using the PubMed database. Then, the information of HPV burden in BC, normal/benign samples was analyzed, and ultimately Bradford Hill criteria postulates were applied on the collected evidence to explore the relationship between HPV and BC. In addition, to make the outcomes more authentic, we also reviewed the methodologies of previous studies to address the propensity of false results. RESULTS After a careful evaluation of the obtained data against major Bradford Hill criteria postulates, it was noted that all these postulates including strength, consistency, biological gradient, temporality, plausibility, experiment, specificity, and analogy were not fulfilled. CONCLUSION The results of the present study have failed to establish a casual association between HPV and BC rather suggested HPV as a cause-effective agent or at least a co-participant in the pathogenesis of BC. The weakness of association especially the low level of consistency across studies, and the lack of specificity of effect, there is a need for more experiments concerning Bradford Hill criteria postulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jalil Ur Rehman
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ahmed
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Guo H, Idrovo JP, Cao J, Roychoudhury S, Navale P, Auguste LJ, Bhuiya T, Sheikh-Fayyaz S. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection by Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) and p16 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in Breast Intraductal Papilloma and Breast Carcinoma. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:e638-e646. [PMID: 34059433 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explored human papillomavirus (HPV) amplification in breast benign and malignant lesions by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and the concordance of p16 expression by immunohistochemistry. PATIENTS AND METHODS The presence of HPV6/11 and HPV16/18 in 33 cases of intraductal papilloma, 34 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 56 cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) was evaluated using matched-background breast parenchyma and breast reduction as control groups. Association with clinicopathologic factors including prognosis was assessed. RESULTS HPV 6/11 was observed in 0 cases (0%) of breast reduction, one case (3%) of intraductal papilloma, 11 cases (32.4%) of DCIS, and eight cases (14.3%) of IBC. HPV 16/18 was detected in three cases of (9.1%) breast reduction, six cases (18.8%) of intraductal papillomas, 14 cases (41.2%) of DCIS, and 25 cases (44.6%) of IBC. There was no difference in the HPV status between intraductal papilloma and breast reduction. HPV amplification in intraductal papilloma did not associate with developing atypia or carcinoma after long-term follow-up. However, HPV 6/11 and HPV 16/18 amplification was significantly higher in both DCIS and IBC when compared with breast reduction (P < .05). Compared with background breast parenchyma, HPV 16/18 amplification was significantly higher in both DCIS and IBC (P = .003 and P = .013, respectively). No correlation between p16 immunohistochemical staining and either of the HPV CISH testing was found (P > .05). CONCLUSION HPV infection was detected in both breast lesions and background parenchyma. HPV infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer but is not associated with intraductal papilloma. Immunohistochemical stain for p16 is not a good surrogate marker for HPV infection in breast lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Juan P Idrovo
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Sudarshana Roychoudhury
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Pooja Navale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Louis J Auguste
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Tawfiqul Bhuiya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Silvat Sheikh-Fayyaz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY.
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Islam MS, Chakraborty B, Panda CK. Human papilloma virus (HPV) profiles in breast cancer: future management. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:650. [PMID: 32566587 PMCID: PMC7290605 DOI: 10.21037/atm-19-2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is frequent among women in worldwide as well as in India. Several studies have reported a wide variation (1.6–86.2%) in the frequency of incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in BC with high prevalence of high risk HPV16 subtype. HPV infection in breast can occur through different routes like body fluid or by micro-lesion of breast skin from genital/agential sites, though the actual mode of HPV transmission is not yet known in details. Frequent integration and sequence variation with low copy number of HPV16 were seen in this tumour. In addition, high frequencies of methylation in p97 promoter region of HPV16 were evident in this tumour. Novel splice variants of E6/E7 along with other common variants and their protein expression were seen in the tumour. This indicates the importance of HPV in this tumor, its early diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, HPV may be targeted through vaccination to control the disease. However, detailed analysis of HPV associated molecular pathogenesis of BC is warranted for proper therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saimul Islam
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Balarko Chakraborty
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Ren C, Zeng K, Wu C, Mu L, Huang J, Wang M. Human papillomavirus infection increases the risk of breast carcinoma: a large-scale systemic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Gland Surg 2019; 8:486-500. [PMID: 31741879 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast carcinoma (BC) is a cancer with a high morbidity rate, but the mechanisms by which it develops are never clear. There has been speculation regarding the potential relationships between breast cancer and local HPV infections for some time, and although much clinical research supports this hypothesis, some research results disprove the association. Therefore, the association is still inconclusive. Methods We performed the data collection by searching the database PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of science. In addition, 22 sites were added manually. After carefully selection, the pooled odds rate of 37 included case control studies was calculated. Subgroup analysis, publication bias and trim & fill analysis were conducted to make the result more reliable. Results The analysis of 37 case control studies containing 3,607 BC cases and 1,728 controls showed obviously increase of BC risk with human papillomavirus (HPV) positive [summary odds ratio (SOR) =6.22, 95% confidence interval 4.25 to 9.12; P=0.0002]. Subgroup analysis proved three high risk HPV types (HPV16, 18 and 33) were positively correlated to BC. Conclusions This systemic review and meta-analysis provide the evidence for HPV infection as a potential risk factor in BC, while the mechanism of this hypothesis still needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutong Ren
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Kai Zeng
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Chujun Wu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Lan Mu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Jiangsheng Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
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Balci FL, Uras C, Feldman SM. Is human papillomavirus associated with breast cancer or papilloma presenting with pathologic nipple discharge? Cancer Treat Res Commun 2019; 19:100122. [PMID: 30785026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2019.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are little data on the presence or interaction of human papillomavirus (HPV) in intraductal papilloma or Breast cancer (BC) presenting with pathologic nipple discharge (PND). The study aimed to determine whether the HPV-genotypes are identifiable in papilloma or carcinoma of the breast by real-time PCR with broad-spectrum genotyping. METHODS Formalin-fixed-paraffin-blocks obtained from the patients who were suffering from PND and underwent ductoscopic papilloma extraction (n = 27) or segmental/total mastectomy for cancer diagnosis (n = 18). HPV-DNAs were identified by PCR with broad-spectrum genotyping. Mc Nemar test was used to compare cancer-involved cases to normal-adjacent tissue concerning HPV positivity. Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association for receptor status in HPV positive cancer-involved cases. RESULTS The mean age (±SD) was 49 ± 16 in papilloma and 52 ± 14 in BC patients, respectively. We found high prevalence of HPV in papilloma and carcinoma: 29.6% (n = 8) and 44.4% (n = 8), respectively. The most common type identified in breast lesions was HPV-11, and the others were HPV- 6, -11, -39, and -82. Cancer-involved samples were more contaminated by HPV in comparison to normal-adjacent tissues (p = 0.016). In HPV positive cancer-involved cases, hormone receptors were found to be more positive than HER2-Neu (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that HPV might be a causative agent for the development of papilloma and carcinoma of the breast in some cases presenting with PND. HPV positive breast cancers are more likely to be hormone positive. Further studies needed for validation regarding the integration of HPV-DNAs into the human genome that causes BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Levent Balci
- Department of General Surgery, Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Medical Park Hospitals, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cihan Uras
- Department of General Surgery, Acibadem Research Institute of Senology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sheldon Marc Feldman
- Breast Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Malekpour Afshar R, Balar N, Mollaei HR, Arabzadeh SA, Iranpour M. Low Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Patients with Breast Cancer, Kerman; Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:3039-3044. [PMID: 30485938 PMCID: PMC6318420 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.11.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the first of the most important causes of the deaths of women in the world and in Iran. There are various causes and causes of this cancer, one of which has recently been described as a cause of breast cancer, is the human papillomavirus (HPV). The HPV is transmitted through sexual contact and skin lesions. There are more than 100 types of HPV that can influence different parts of the body. Some types of HPV can cause cancer (such as cervical or anal cancer) and others can cause warts (such as genital or plantar warts). To study the risk of HPV infection in Breast Cancer, we managed a Case-Control study in Kerman, southeast of Iran. For this purpose, 98 paraffin blocks of breast cancer and 40 paraffin blocks of fibrocystic as a control were tested for the presence of HPV DNA using Real-Time PCR, and HPV typing was done using INNo-Lippa assay. HPV DNA was detected in 8 out of 98 patients (8.2%), while it was not detected in the control group samples. HPV types 16, 18 were the most common (62.5%) types in positive samples. The prevalence of HPV in patients with breast cancer of Iran is very low and less than other regions of the world, it seems that maybe rout of transmission of HPV in Iran is under control. No one knows exactly why breast cancer occurs. The environment, hormones, Viruses, or your lifestyle could all play a role in the development of breast cancer. Currently, Vaccination is the best way to prevent cancer that’s due to HPV. However, additional studies on the larger group of patients are needed to explain the roles of HPV in Breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Malekpour Afshar
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, erman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Gannon OM, Antonsson A, Bennett IC, Saunders NA. Viral infections and breast cancer - A current perspective. Cancer Lett 2018; 420:182-189. [PMID: 29410005 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic human breast cancer is the most common cancer to afflict women. Since the discovery, decades ago, of the oncogenic mouse mammary tumour virus, there has been significant interest in the potential aetiologic role of infectious agents in sporadic human breast cancer. To address this, many studies have examined the presence of viruses (e.g. papillomaviruses, herpes viruses and retroviruses), endogenous retroviruses and more recently, microbes, as a means of implicating them in the aetiology of human breast cancer. Such studies have generated conflicting experimental and clinical reports of the role of infection in breast cancer. This review evaluates the current evidence for a productive oncogenic viral infection in human breast cancer, with a focus on the integration of sensitive and specific next generation sequencing technologies with pathogen discovery. Collectively, the majority of the recent literature using the more powerful next generation sequencing technologies fail to support an oncogenic viral infection being involved in disease causality in breast cancer. In balance, the weight of the current experimental evidence supports the conclusion that viral infection is unlikely to play a significant role in the aetiology of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Gannon
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Antonsson
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - I C Bennett
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Private Practice, The Wesley and St Andrews Hospital, Auchenflower 4066, Australia
| | - N A Saunders
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Ghaffari H, Nafissi N, Hashemi-Bahremani M, Alebouyeh MR, Tavakoli A, Javanmard D, Bokharaei-Salim F, Mortazavi HS, Monavari SH. Molecular prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among Iranian women with breast cancer. Breast Dis 2018; 37:207-213. [PMID: 30124441 DOI: 10.3233/bd-180333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of breast cancer still remain poorly understood. Some epidemiological studies have shown an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer. However, the findings are controversial. OBJECTIVE Our study was aimed to investigate the presence of HPV DNA in breast carcinomas of Iranian women. METHODS In total, 72 samples of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of breast cancer collected between December 2014 and April 2016 were examined. HPV DNA detection was performed by nested-PCR assay. Next, positive samples were subjected to genotyping by the CLART HPV2 microarray system. All statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v.18.0. RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in 4/72 (5.55%) samples. Clinical factors were not statistically associated with HPV presence. However, CLART HPV2 microarray assay failed to determine the genotype of any positive samples. CONCLUSION The low frequency of HPV detected in our study does not support an association between breast carcinoma and HPV infection. However, it is possible that HPV may be responsible for breast carcinogenesis only in small percentage of all breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Ghaffari
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Nafissi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Iran University of Medical Science, Rasool-Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi-Bahremani
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davod Javanmard
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ngamkham J, Karalak A, Chaiwerawattana A, Sornprom A, Thanasutthichai S, Sukarayodhin S, Mus-u-Dee M, Boonmark K, Phansri T, Laochan N. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Breast Cancer Cells from Thai Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1839-1845. [PMID: 28749118 PMCID: PMC5648388 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.7.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading female cancer worldwide and is the most frequently diagnosed in Thai women. Its potential etiologic has not been clearly identified. Several recent reports could detect human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in breast cancer or benign breast lesions. HPV infection considered suggests being one of many risk factors for cancer development. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HPV infection in both breast cancer and benign breast lesion/tumor tissues. Seven hundred samples from Thai women were collected during 2013-2015 and statistically correlation between HPV infection, sociodemographic and histopathological parameters were also analyzed. HPV DNA detection and genotyping were performed by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. The results demonstrated that mean age of the patients were 41.76±12.53 years and 52.73±11.68 years for benign breast lesions/tumor and breast cancer samples, respectively. HPV DNA was detected in 25/700 (3.57%) samples, in which 10/350 (2.857%) from benign breast lesion/tumor samples and 15/350 (4.285%) from breast cancer samples. HPV 16 is the predominant types of this study, follow by HPV 33, 18, 35, 52. Most of HPV type detection samples belong to the high risk types, except 1/25 sample could be detected low risk type; HPV 6 which was presented as co-infection with the other high risk type. From sociodemographic and histopathological correlation analysis, all of studied parameters such as breast cancer history, hormone receptors status etc. did not show statistically significant correlated with HPV infection (P>0.05). In conclusion, the low frequency detection in this study suggests that HPV did not play the main important role for breast cancer development and represented highly controversial, but it may be causative agents of only a relative small proportion of all breast cancer or non-malignant breast lesion and it is the interesting data for further study in virus-associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarunya Ngamkham
- Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
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13
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Choi J, Kim C, Lee HS, Choi YJ, Kim HY, Lee J, Chang H, Kim A. Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Korean Breast Cancer Patients by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Meta-Analysis of Human Papillomavirus and Breast Cancer. J Pathol Transl Med 2016; 50:442-450. [PMID: 27725620 PMCID: PMC5122727 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2016.07.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established oncogenic virus of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancer. Various subtypes of HPV have been detected in 0% to 60% of breast cancers. The roles of HPV in the carcinogenesis of breast cancer remain controversial. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of HPV-positive breast cancer in Korean patients and to evaluate the possibility of carcinogenic effect of HPV on breast. Methods Meta-analysis was performed in 22 case-control studies for HPV infection in breast cancer. A total of 123 breast cancers, nine intraductal papillomas and 13 nipple tissues of patients with proven cervical HPV infection were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect 28 subtypes of HPV. Breast cancers were composed of 106 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast cancer samples and 17 touch imprint cytology samples of breast cancers. Results The overall odds ratio between breast cancer and HPV infection was 5.43 (95% confidence interval, 3.24 to 9.12) with I<sup>2</sup> = 34.5% in meta-analysis of published studies with case-control setting and it was statistically significant. HPV was detected in 22 cases of breast cancers (17.9%) and two cases of intaductal papillomas (22.2%). However, these cases had weak positivity. Conclusions These results failed to serve as significant evidence to support the relationship between HPV and breast cancer. Further study with larger epidemiologic population is merited to determine the relationship between HPV and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyuk Choi
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chungyeul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Choi
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinhwan Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Chang
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aeree Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Bae JM, Kim EH. Human papillomavirus infection and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:14. [PMID: 26981149 PMCID: PMC4791894 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although systematic reviews (SR) report that human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the risk of breast cancer, there are still disputes regarding this association. In particular, it has been argued that the risk level differs depending on nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Considering that the searching year of publication for the previous SRs was June 2013, a renewal meta-analysis needs to be conducted. Methods Using articles selected in the previous SRs, we compiled a list of references, cited articles, and related articles from the PubMed and Scopus databases. Of these, only publications with data from case-control studies on HPV DNA-positivity in tissues were chosen. Summary odds ratio (SOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated through meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was performed for nationality, types of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Results Twenty-two case-control studies were selected, and the total number of individuals in the case and control group was 1897 and 948, respectively. According to the meta-analysis about the 22 publications, HPV infection increased the risk of breast cancer (SOR = 4.02, 95 % CI: 2.42–6.68; I-squared = 44.7 %). Statistical significance was not found in meta-regression performed on the four variables of nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year which some researchers think sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions The results of the present study supported the argument that HPV infection increases the risk of breast cancer. Age-matched case-control studies are in need in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Myon Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jejudo, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jejudo, South Korea
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15
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Zhou Y, Li J, Ji Y, Ren M, Pang B, Chu M, Wei L. Inconclusive role of human papillomavirus infection in breast cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:36. [PMID: 26504492 PMCID: PMC4620698 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have examined the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer, but the findings are inconclusive. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer tissue in patients from northeastern China and define the association between HPV and breast cancer using meta-analysis. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test cutaneous or mucosal HPV DNA sequence in 77 breast cancer samples and 77 corresponding adjacent normal tissues. The prevalence of HPV in breast cancer was estimated by pooling data from 38 studies. A meta-analysis of 16 case-control studies was conducted to investigate the association between HPV and breast cancer. RESULTS We did not find HPV DNA sequence in any of the 154 tissue specimens we tested. However, our meta-analysis revealed a HPV prevalence of 30.30 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 22.30-38.40 %) among breast cancer cases; most of these involved high-risk HPV types (35.50 %, 95 % CI = 25.00-46.10 %). HPV prevalence in breast cancer varied by geographic region, publication period, and PCR detection method. An increased risk of breast cancer was observed in association with exposure to HPV (odds ratio [OR] = 3.24, 95 % CI = 1.59-6.57), which was influenced by geographic region, HPV DNA source, PCR primer used, and publication period. CONCLUSIONS HPV, especially high-risk HPV types, may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and this association varies dramatically among geographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- />Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, The Central Laboratory in The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Jinyuan Li
- />Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yuting Ji
- />Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Ming Ren
- />Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, The Central Laboratory in The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Bo Pang
- />Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Ming Chu
- />Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- />Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Immunity and Infection, Pathogenic Biology Key Laboratory in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
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16
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Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Patients with Breast Tumor in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136050. [PMID: 26295705 PMCID: PMC4546417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of HPV in breast tissue and the potential causal association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare the HPV prevalence in BC tissues, adjacent normal breast tissues and breast benign disease tissues and to investigate the possible association between HPV and breast tumor development in Chinese women. Paraffin-embedded specimens from 187 pairs of BCs including tumor and normal breast tissue adjacent to tumors and 92 breast benign lesions between June 2009 and July 2014 were investigated by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and type-specific PCR, respectively. With strictly quality control, HPV positive infection was detected in three BC tissues. No HPV positive infection was detected in all normal breast tissue adjacent to tumors and benign breast tissues. Through our detailed analysis, rare HPV infection in this study suggests that HPV might not be associated with BC progression.
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17
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Beltrão M, Wanderley MSO, de Santana NA, Bruneska D, de Lima Filho JL. Site of infections associated with human papillomavirus. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 291:481-91. [PMID: 25245668 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most clinically common sexually transmitted infection due to its carcinogenic power and the high number of lesions that it causes at different sites of the human body. MATERIAL AND METHODS Genital tract organs are the most common sites where the virus can be found, but by increasing the sensitivity of diagnostic technique, it is possible to identify viral presence in different regions of the body such as the stomach, the lung, and the urinary tract. These findings break with the traditional HPV skin/genital tropic profile and demonstrate that the virus is capable of infecting a wide variety of cells, tissues, and organs or can, at least, survive in these areas. The widespread presence of the HPV in the human body, often in latent form, led us to consider the hypothesis that HPV latency may be associated with no disease. CONCLUSION This observation raises further questions about the possibility of the virus not causing disease in specific sites of the human body, but rather, behaving like a commensal/opportunistic microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Beltrão
- Laboratory of Imunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil,
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18
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Cobos C, Figueroa JA, Mirandola L, Colombo M, Summers G, Figueroa A, Aulakh A, Konala V, Verma R, Riaz J, Wade R, Saadeh C, Rahman RL, Pandey A, Radhi S, Nguyen DD, Jenkins M, Chiriva-Internati M, Cobos E. The role of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in non-anogenital cancer and the promise of immunotherapy: a review. Int Rev Immunol 2014; 33:383-401. [PMID: 24811210 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2014.911857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, human papilloma virus (HPV) has been shown to play a role in the development of various cancers. Most notably, HPV has been linked to malignant progression in neoplasms of the anogenital region. However, high-risk HPV has also been suggested to play a significant role in the development of cancers in other anatomic locations, such as the head and neck, lung, breast and bladder. In 2006, the first vaccine for HPV, Gardasil, was approved for the prevention of subtypes 6, 11, 16 and 18. A few years later, Cevarix was approved for the prevention of subtypes 16 and 18, the HPV subtypes most frequently implicated in malignant progression. Although increased awareness and vaccination could drastically decrease the incidence of HPV-positive cancers, these approaches do not benefit patients who have already contracted HPV and developed cancer as a result. For this reason, researchers need to continue developing treatment modalities, such as targeted immunotherapies, for HPV-positive lesions. Here, we review the potential evidence linking HPV infection with the development of non-anogenital cancers and the potential role of immunotherapy in the prevention and eradication of HPV infection and its oncogenic sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cobos
- 1Department of Internal Medicine at the Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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19
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Liang W, Wang J, Wang C, Lv Y, Gao H, Zhang K, Liu H, Feng J, Wang L, Ma R. Detection of high-risk human papillomaviruses in fresh breast cancer samples using the hybrid capture 2 assay. J Med Virol 2013; 85:2087-92. [PMID: 23959946 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of breast cancer remains unknown and the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in breast carcinogenesis is controversial. This study investigated the prevalence of high-risk HPV infections in Chinese women with breast cancer and the possible relationship between high-risk HPV infection and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Tumor cells from 224 fresh breast cancer samples and 37 fresh breast fibroadenomas were collected for hybrid capture 2 (HC2) assay. HC2 was the only technique approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for screening for high-risk HPV infection in 2008. The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection in breast cancer samples was 21.4%, which was slightly higher than the 16.2% observed in breast fibroadenomas. Age and menopausal status were not risk factors for high-risk HPV infection among breast cancer patients. The clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer showed no significant correlation with high-risk HPV infection. Although the prevalence of 13 subtypes of high-risk HPV infections was similar in breast cancer and nonmalignant breast samples, the presence of high-risk HPVs in both malignant and benign breast samples implies that a possible causal role in breast cancer carcinogenesis could not be ruled out. Clarifying the possible link between high-risk HPVs and breast cancer might benefit women vaccinated against HPV and could decrease the incidence of HPV-related breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, P.R., China
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Lazzeroni M, Serrano D. Potential use of vaccines in the primary prevention of breast cancer in high-risk patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 7:281-7. [PMID: 23904830 DOI: 10.1159/000342167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines are an emerging therapeutic and prophylactic modality that may play a more important role in cancer prevention and treatment in the future. Therapeutic cancer vaccines are designed to generate a targeted, immune-mediated antitumor response. Successful prophylactic vaccines are those against oncogenic viral infections, such as the human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. However, a tough challenge for the majority of tumor vaccines is the self-nature of tumor antigens. Ongoing studies are investigating methods to enhance vaccine strategies including immune-modulating agents. The present review analyzes the potential use of vaccines in the primary prevention of breast cancer, focusing on the recent extension of vaccine target selection to self-proteins that are overexpressed during the early stages of tumor development but whose expression no longer occurs as we age, a feature that may avoid clinically significant autoimmune sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lazzeroni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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21
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Pereira Suarez AL, Lorenzetti MA, Gonzalez Lucano R, Cohen M, Gass H, Vazquez PM, Gonzalez P, Preciado MV, Chabay P. Presence of human papilloma virus in a series of breast carcinoma from Argentina. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61613. [PMID: 23637866 PMCID: PMC3636204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology and the molecular mechanisms related to breast carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Some recent reports have examined the role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer. Methods Sixty one fresh frozen breast cancers samples were analyzed. Samples were tested for HPV by PCR, and products were automatically sequenced. Findings were correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics. Results The HPV DNA prevalence in the breast cancer samples was 26% (16/61). Clinical parameters were not statistically associated with HPV presence (p>0.05 χ2 test). Sequence analysis in a subgroup of cases indicates the prevalence of low risk HPV11, followed by high risk HPV16. We found no HPV transcriptional activity. Conclusion The present study demonstrated for the first time in Argentina the presence of HPV in a proportion of the malignant breast tissues. This finding suggests that HPV may have a biological significance in breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Pereira Suarez
- Department of Physiology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario Alejandro Lorenzetti
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rene Gonzalez Lucano
- Department of Physiology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Melina Cohen
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hugo Gass
- Ginecology Division, Magdalena Villegas de Martínez Hospital, General Pacheco, Tigre, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Martinez Vazquez
- Ginecology Division, Magdalena Villegas de Martínez Hospital, General Pacheco, Tigre, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Gonzalez
- Pathology Division, Magdalena Villegas de Martínez Hospital, General Pacheco, Tigre Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria V. Preciado
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola Chabay
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Pathology Division, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children Hospital, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Bencomo-Álvarez AE, Limones-Perches I, Suárez-Rincón AE, Ramírez-Jirano LJ, Borrayo-Carbajal E, Sánchez-Corona J, Montoya-Fuentes H. Human papillomavirus viral load in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as a prognostic factor in a Mexican population. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:4720-7. [PMID: 23096904 DOI: 10.4238/2012.october.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) has been recognized as the main etiological factor of morbimortality in cervical cancer. Several factors have been associated with the development of cervical disease, but viral load has recently been proposed as an indicator of cervical neoplasia. Therefore, a single measurement of viral load could be a suitable biomarker. We examined HPV viral load as a prognostic biomarker of cervical neoplasia. We used cervical scrapes to determine the total HPV viral load of 46 Mexican patients with various stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using hybrid capture assay coupled with a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for cellularity estimation. Viral load values of CIN2 and CIN3 samples were compared with samples without cervical pathology (WP); all values of viral load were normalized by number of cells analyzed. The analysis showed significant differences in viral load between CIN2 and WP samples (P = 0.01) and between CIN3 and WP samples (P = 0.02). By contrast, no significant difference was detected between viral loads in CIN2 and CIN3 samples. The results showed significant difference between viral loads in CIN2 and CIN3 samples and that in WP samples. HPV viral load was significantly different between patients with CIN2-CIN3 and those with WP and can be used as a predictor of lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bencomo-Álvarez
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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23
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in breast carcinoma and to explore the reasons for the ongoing controversies about this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was performed for papers published from January 1990 to January 2011. The medical subject heading terms were searched for the following: breast neoplasm, breast lesions, breast cancer, and HPV or human papillomavirus. Statistical analysis was performed using REVMAN 5.0. RESULTS Twenty-nine primary studies, including 2211 samples, were analyzed. Overall, HPV prevalence in patients with breast cancer was 23.0% (95% CI, 21.2%-24.8%). The prevalence of HPV ranged from 13.4% (95% CI, 10.2%-16%) in Europe to 42.9% (95% CI, 36.4%-49.4%) in North America and Australia. The prevalence of HPV in controls was 12.9%. Combinations of 9 case-control studies showed that breast cancer was associated with HPV (odds ratio, 5.9; 95% CI, 3.26-10.67). CONCLUSION We found a high prevalence of HPV DNA in breast cancer. There is strong evidence to suggest that HPV has an important role in the development of breast cancer.
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24
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Mou X, Chen L, Liu F, Shen Y, Wang H, Li Y, Yuan L, Lin J, Lin J, Teng L, Xiang C. Low prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Chinese patients with breast cancer. J Int Med Res 2012; 39:1636-44. [PMID: 22117964 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study investigated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Chinese women with breast cancer, and the correlation between HPV infection and carcinogenesis. Tumour and non-cancerous breast tissue samples were obtained from 62 female patients with breast cancer; normal breast tissue samples were obtained from 46 women without breast cancer. HPV DNA was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction using consensus primers; HPV subtypes were determined by reverse dot blot and pyrosequencing analyses. HPV was found in tumour tissue samples from four of the 62 patients (6.5%), while no HPV DNA was detected in either the non-cancerous samples from patients with breast cancer or from the normal breast tissue controls. Of the four HPV-positive cases, three were HPV 16 positive (75%) and one was HPV 18 positive (25%). The low frequency of HPV detected in this study suggests that this infection is not a major risk factor in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Mou
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Joshi D, Buehring GC. Are viruses associated with human breast cancer? Scrutinizing the molecular evidence. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 135:1-15. [PMID: 22274134 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The three viruses most studied as possible causes of human breast cancer are mouse mammary tumor virus-like sequences (MMTV-LS), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and oncogenic (high risk) types of human papilloma virus (HPV). The first step in fulfilling traditional criteria for inferring that a cancer is caused by a virus is to demonstrate the virus in the affected tissue. Molecular techniques, compared to host antibody assessment and immunohistochemistry, are the most definitive in establishing viral presence. Results of 85 original molecular research investigations to detect one or more of the three viruses have been extremely divergent with no consensus reached. We evaluated the methodology of these studies for the following: type of molecular assay, DNA/RNA quality control, positive and negative assay controls, type of fixation, genome targets, methods for preventing and detecting molecular contamination, pathology of specimens processed, sample size, and proportion of specimens positive for the viral genome region targeted. Only seven of the studies convincingly demonstrated the presence of an oncogenic virus biomarker (EBV: 4/30 studies (13%); HPV 3/29 studies (10%), whereas 25 convincingly demonstrated absence of the virus studied (MMTV-LS: 4/25 (16%); EBV: 15/30 (50%); 6/29 (21%). The remainder of the studies suffered shortcomings, which, in our opinion, prevented a definitive conclusion. Only one of the studies compared frequency of the virus in breast tissue of breast cancer patients versus appropriate normal control subjects with no history of breast cancer. None of the studies were designed as epidemiologic studies to determine if the presence of the virus was significantly associated with breast cancer. Based on our evaluation, the data in the publications reviewed here remain preliminary, and do not justify a conclusion that MMTV-LS, HPV, or EBV are causally associated with breast cancer. However, they form a valuable basis for redirecting future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Joshi
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, District Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
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26
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Rojo-Contreras W, Olivas-Flores EM, Gamez-Nava JI, Montoya-Fuentes H, Trujillo-Hernandez B, Trujillo X, Suarez-Rincon AE, Baltazar-Rodriguez LM, Sanchez-Hernandez J, Ramirez-Flores M, Vazquez-Salcedo J, Rojo-Contreras J, Morales-Romero J, Gonzalez-Lopez L. Cervical human papillomavirus infection in Mexican women with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. Lupus 2011; 21:365-72. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203311425517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cervical human papillomavirus (HPV+) infection is associated with an increased risk of cervical dysplasia. Although the frequency of HPV+ in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been investigated in some races its prevalence in Hispanic women is still unknown. This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of cervical HPV+ in Mexican women with SLE ( n = 34) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ( n = 43) and in healthy controls ( n = 146). These women were interviewed about risk factors for sexually transmitted infections and cervical cytology analysis was performed. HPV+ viral types were identified using PCR: HPV+ was observed in 14.7% of SLE, 27.9% of RA and 30.8% of controls. High-risk HPV types were observed in 11.7% of women with SLE, 27.9% of women with RA, and in 26% of the controls. High-risk viral types 58, 35 and 18 were the most frequently identified in SLE. Two women with SLE had a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and one had cervical cancer. An association was observed between methotrexate utilization, longer duration of therapy with prednisone, and HPV+ in RA or SLE. Thus, there is a high prevalence of cervical HPV infection in Mexican women with SLE or RA, and physicians must be vigilant in preventing the development of cervical dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Rojo-Contreras
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - EM Olivas-Flores
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - JI Gamez-Nava
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - H Montoya-Fuentes
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - B Trujillo-Hernandez
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - X Trujillo
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - AE Suarez-Rincon
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - LM Baltazar-Rodriguez
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J Sanchez-Hernandez
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - M Ramirez-Flores
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J Vazquez-Salcedo
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J Rojo-Contreras
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J Morales-Romero
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - L Gonzalez-Lopez
- Sistema de Educación Media Superior, Preparatoria 17, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 2Department of Internal Medicine, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 3Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit UMAE HECMNO, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico; 4Postgraduate Programmes of Public Health Sciences and Pharmacology, Guadalajara, Mexico; 5Department Molecular Microbiology II CIBO, IMSS, and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; 6Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit HGZ-1, IMSS Colima, Guadalajara, Mexico
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27
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Absence of human papillomavirus sequences in epithelial breast cancer in a Mexican female population. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1515-7. [PMID: 21909942 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in breast cancer is controversial. We evaluated 118 breast carcinomas and two paraffin-embedded tissues of lesions of the nipple of Mexican patients for HPV sequences. No carcinoma sample exhibited koilocytosis, in contrast to lesions of the nipple. We subjected purified DNAs to PCR employing two HPV16/E6 or GP5/6 primer set oligonucleotides. Results showed that HPV DNA sequences were absent in the breast tissues. Absence of HPV in breast carcinoma failed to support an association between HPV infection and this carcinoma.
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28
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Chang P, Wang T, Yao Q, Lv Y, Zhang J, Guo W, Wang L, Chen J. Absence of human papillomavirus in patients with breast cancer in north-west China. Med Oncol 2011; 29:521-5. [PMID: 21499926 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-9945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rate in malignant and benign breast tumours in north-west Chinese patients. Unselected fresh tissue samples were extracted from 48 invasive breast carcinoma and 30 benign breast tumours between August 2009 and August 2010. We used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) and in situ hybridization to detect HPV 6, 11 and 16, 18 sequences targeting the E6, E7 open-reading frame. The presence of HPV 6, 11 was only demonstrated in the 3 (10%) benign phyllodes tumour specimens. No HPV infection was detected in all the 48 invasive breast carcinoma. Specifically, all the positive specimens were detected by in situ hybridization but not in FQ-PCR. In addition, we found that the positive specimens became negative after 3 months frozen at -70°C. HPV was absent in patients with breast tumours in north-west China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 17th Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
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29
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Li N, Bi X, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Zheng T, Dai M. Human papillomavirus infection and sporadic breast carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 126:515-20. [PMID: 20740311 PMCID: PMC3164261 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite an increase in the number of molecular epidemiological studies conducted in recent years to evaluate the association between HPV infection and risk of breast carcinoma, the studies remain inconclusive. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of HPV in breast carcinoma and test the association. Studies on HPV DNA detection in sporadic breast carcinoma in female using polymerase chain reaction were included. Information on overall and type-specific (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45 and 51) HPV prevalence were required, plus detailed descriptions of study populations, HPV DNA source, publication calendar period and PCR primers used for HPV DNA detection and typing. We revealed that 24.49% of the breast carcinoma cases were associated with HPV, 32.42% occurred in Asia and 12.91% in Europe. The four most commonly identified HPV types, in the order of decreased prevalence, were HPV33, 18, 16, and 35. The detection of HPV was mostly influenced by publication calendar period and PCR primers used. In addition, the analysis of ten case-control studies containing 447 breast carcinoma cases and 275 controls showed a significant increase in breast carcinoma risk with HPV positivity (OR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.42-9.27). These results suggest that it's difficult to rule out the possibility of the association of HPV and breast carcinoma at present according to available publication proofs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 17 Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
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30
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Wang T, Chang P, Wang L, Yao Q, Guo W, Chen J, Yan T, Cao C. The role of human papillomavirus infection in breast cancer. Med Oncol 2011; 29:48-55. [PMID: 21318737 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading female cancer and the third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Many studies have suggested a possible link between breast cancer pathogenesis and viral infection, particularly mouse mammary tumour virus, simian virus 40, Epstein-Barr virus, and human papillomavirus (HPV). A significant number of recent studies have reported that approximately 29% of human breast cancer tissues were positive for high-risk HPV subtypes, especially HPV subtypes 16, 18, or 33. In contrast, several other investigations did not detect any HPV subtypes in either breast cancer tissue or normal breast tissue from patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Given these conflicting data and the established complexity of the association between HPV with other cancers, a definitive relationship between human breast cancer and HPV infection has not been determined. Recent advances in laboratory methodologies aim to overcome the inherent challenges in detecting HPV in breast cancer tissue. There is an urgent need to obtain additional evidence in order to assess the possibility of breast cancer prevention using HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127, Changle West Road, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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31
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Hedau S, Kumar U, Hussain S, Shukla S, Pande S, Jain N, Tyagi A, Deshpande T, Bhat D, Mir MM, Chakraborty S, Singh YM, Kumar R, Somasundaram K, Bharti AC, Das BC. Breast cancer and human papillomavirus infection: no evidence of HPV etiology of breast cancer in Indian women. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:27. [PMID: 21247504 PMCID: PMC3036645 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two clinically relevant high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18 are etiologically associated with the development of cervical carcinoma and are also reported to be present in many other carcinomas in extra-genital organ sites. Presence of HPV has been reported in breast carcinoma which is the second most common cancer in India and is showing a fast rising trend in urban population. The two early genes E6 and E7 of HPV type 16 have been shown to immortalize breast epithelial cells in vitro, but the role of HPV infection in breast carcinogenesis is highly controversial. Present study has therefore been undertaken to analyze the prevalence of HPV infection in both breast cancer tissues and blood samples from a large number of Indian women with breast cancer from different geographic regions. Methods The presence of all mucosal HPVs and the most common high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 DNA was detected by two different PCR methods - (i) conventional PCR assays using consensus primers (MY09/11, or GP5+/GP6+) or HPV16 E6/E7 primers and (ii) highly sensitive Real-Time PCR. A total of 228 biopsies and corresponding 142 blood samples collected prospectively from 252 patients from four different regions of India with significant socio-cultural, ethnic and demographic variations were tested. Results All biopsies and blood samples of breast cancer patients tested by PCR methods did not show positivity for HPV DNA sequences in conventional PCRs either by MY09/11 or by GP5+/GP6+/HPV16 E6/E7 primers. Further testing of these samples by real time PCR also failed to detect HPV DNA sequences. Conclusions Lack of detection of HPV DNA either in the tumor or in the blood DNA of breast cancer patients by both conventional and real time PCR does not support a role of genital HPV in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in Indian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Hedau
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), I-7, Sector - 39, Noida - 201 301, India
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32
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Herrera-Goepfert R, Khan NA, Koriyama C, Akiba S, Pérez-Sánchez VM. High-risk human papillomavirus in mammary gland carcinomas and non-neoplastic tissues of Mexican women: no evidence supporting a cause and effect relationship. Breast 2010; 20:184-9. [PMID: 21146410 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated in breast carcinogenesis. Consecutive and non-selected mastectomy specimens from Mexican patients harboring breast carcinomas were sampled in order to look for the presence of HPV DNA. HPV-16 was detected in 6 (10%) of 60 breast carcinomas. Two of these also had HPV genome in adjacent non-neoplastic mammary-tissues. Seven cases had HPV DNA only in non-neoplastic tissue specimens. HPV DNA was also detected in 4 (25%) of 10 tumor-bed specimens without residual neoplastic lesions that were obtained from patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy. HPV-positive tumors tended to be smaller in size, than HPV-negative tumors (p=0.047). Histological distributions of HPV-positive and -negative cases showed no significant difference. Although all the HPV-16 DNA were found integrated, its low viral load rendered it difficult to incriminate this virus in breast carcinogenesis. However, the possibility that HPV infection occurred during carcinoma development cannot be ruled out.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/virology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/virology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lobular/therapy
- Carcinoma, Lobular/virology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Papillary/therapy
- Carcinoma, Papillary/virology
- Female
- Human papillomavirus 16/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Mammary Glands, Human/virology
- Mexico
- Middle Aged
- Nipples/virology
- Papillomavirus Infections/complications
- Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Viral Load
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Herrera-Goepfert
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Avenida San Fernando #22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
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33
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Vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV): epidemiological evidence of HPV in non-genital cancers. Pathol Oncol Res 2010; 17:103-19. [PMID: 20640607 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) was introduced in the national vaccination programmes of several countries worldwide. The established association between HPV and the progression of cervical neoplasia provides evidence of the expected protection of the vaccine against cervical cancer. During the last two decades several studies have also examined the possible involvement of HPV in non-genital cancers and have proposed the presence of HPV in oesophageal, laryngeal, oropharyngeal, lung, urothelial, breast and colon cancers. The possible involvement of HPV in these types of cancer would necessitate the introduction of the vaccine in both boys and girls. However, the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of these types of cancer has yet to be proven. Moreover, the controversial evidence of the possible impact of the vaccination against HPV in the prevention of non-genital cancers needs to be further evaluated. In this review, we present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the detection of HPV in non-genital cancers.
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34
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No evidence of human papillomavirus DNA in breast carcinoma in Tunisian patients. Breast 2010; 19:541-4. [PMID: 20547456 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of broad range of anogenital HPVs in a series of 123 Tunisian breast carcinoma cases. PCR assays were performed to amplify regions within the L1, E1, E6 and E7 open reading frames of a broad range of anogenital HPVs and specific types HPV16, 18, 31 and 33. In addition, we performed an in situ hybridization analysis using HPV biotinylated DNA probes for the detection of broad spectrum of anogenital HPV types, high-risk HPV types (16 and 18), intermediate-risk HPV types (31 and 33) and low-risk HPV types (6 and 11). None of the 123 breast carcinoma samples showed PCR amplification of HPV DNA using the broad spectrum consensus primer-pairs E1-350L/E1-547R and GP5+/GP6+ primers. Furthermore, neither high risk nor low-risk HPV types were detected in any of these cases. Moreover, using in situ hybridization for the detection of HPVs, we failed to detect a positive signal in neoplastic cells in any case. Our results suggest that anogenital papillomaviruses are unlikely to play a role in the development of breast carcinomas in Tunisian patients.
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35
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Yavuzer D, Salepci T, Karadayi N, Baloglu H, Kucukodaci Z. Human papillomavirus is not associated with breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 122:899-900. [PMID: 20521097 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-0963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Lawson JS, Glenn WK, Whitaker NJ. Breast cancer as an infectious disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 6:5-8. [PMID: 20088725 DOI: 10.2217/whe.09.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James S Lawson
- School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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37
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Possible DNA viral factors of human breast cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2010; 2:498-512. [PMID: 24281079 PMCID: PMC3835088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers2020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are considered to be one of the high-risk factors closely related to human breast cancer. However, different studies of viruses in breast cancer present conflicting results and some of these works remain in dispute. DNA viruses, such as specific types of human papillomaviruses (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8), have emerged as causal factors of some human cancers. These respective exogenous viruses and the possibility of multiple viral factors are discussed in this review.
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38
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Yavuzer D, Karadayi N, Salepci T, Baloglu H, Dabak R, Bayramicli OU. Investigation of human papillomavirus DNA in colorectal carcinomas and adenomas. Med Oncol 2010; 28:127-32. [PMID: 20082157 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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39
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Abstract
Background: There is increasing evidence that high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) is involved in cancers in addition to cervical cancer. For example, it is generally accepted that HPV has a role in a significant proportion of head and neck tumours, and it has long been hypothesised that hormone dependent oncogenic viruses, such as HPV may have causal roles in some human breast cancers. A number of reports have identified HPV DNA in breast tissue and breast cancer specimens, but these rely on standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is criticised for its propensity for contamination. Methods: We have used two different technologies, in situ and standard PCR (with sequencing), and histology based on light microscopy. Results: We unambiguously demonstrate the presence of high-risk HPV in the cells of breast cancer specimens and breast cancer cell lines. In addition, we also show that the oncogenic characteristics of HPV associated breast cancer are very similar to HPV-associated cervical cancer. Specifically, that putative koilocytes are present in some HPV associated breast cancers. Interpretation: The above observations indicate a likely causal role for high-risk HPV in human breast cancer and offer the possibility of primary prevention of some breast cancers by vaccination against HPV.
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Amarante MK, Watanabe MAE. The possible involvement of virus in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 135:329-37. [PMID: 19009309 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that the etiology of human breast cancer is significantly affected by environmental factors. Virus-associated cancer refers to a cancer where viral infection results in the malignant transformation of the host's infected cells. Human papillomaviruses (HPV), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and Epstein-Barr (EBV) virus are prime candidate viruses as agents of human breast cancer. The precise role that viruses play in tumorigenesis is not clear, but it seems that they are responsible for causing only one in a series of steps required for cancer development. The idea that a virus could cause breast cancer has been investigated for quite some time, even though breast cancer could be a hereditary disease; however, hereditary breast cancer is estimated to account for a small percentage of all breast cancer cases. Based on current research, this review present at moment, substantial, but not conclusive, evidence that HPV, EBV and MMTV may be involved in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Karine Amarante
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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