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Vladislav EO, Marc G, Paica CI, Pop O. Family resilience in a social-ecological context - emotional difficulties and coping strategies. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1421745. [PMID: 39011286 PMCID: PMC11247023 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1421745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This research explored how crises such as the pandemic influence the family dynamic and the way that the parents and the children face new difficulties and challenges. The present study investigates children's and young people's emotional states, the dimensions of family resilience, and the types of coping strategies and parents' emotional states during the coronavirus pandemic. The final sample for the research was represented by 1,010 parents from Romania. Methods The present scientific research is a transversal study with the scope to understand the emotional difficulties that parents and children/ young people face and the coping strategies that they adopt in a crisis, such as the time of the coronavirus pandemic. Results Parents with maladaptive coping strategies are more affected by the pandemic. Also, the results indicate that there is a significant correlation between parental coping strategies and the children's emotional states, and the adaptability level. Therefore, the high scores on the subscales which measure maladaptive coping indicate high scores of the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress of the parents. Family resilience, through the dimension of 'communication and problem-solving in the family' has a moderation role in the relationship between parental depression and the maladaptive coping strategy of rumination. Family resilience through 'maintaining a positive attitude' has a moderation role in the relationship between catastrophizing and the teenagers' level of adaptability. Discussion The results of the study pointed out the role and place of family resilience within the family system and how a period of crisis can affect this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Otilia Vladislav
- Department of Applied Psychology & Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Marc
- Department of Applied Psychology & Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Ioana Paica
- Department of Applied Psychology & Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Pop
- Department of Applied Psychology & Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Glaze K, Sward A, Lenne E, Brown S, Rogers L, Frankel KA, Klawetter S. Impact of COVID-19 on Referral Patterns and Service Delivery for an Integrated Behavioral Health Program. FAMILIES IN SOCIETY : THE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY HUMAN SERVICES 2023; 104:142-153. [PMID: 38587508 PMCID: PMC9791057 DOI: 10.1177/10443894221133500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of COVID-19 led to unprecedented changes for families and systems of care. This study sought to understand the needs of families participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) before and during the pandemic and considers the impact remote service delivery has on access to an integrated behavioral health intervention to support the psychosocial needs of children and caregivers. Needs for referral varied significantly pre- and post-pandemic onset. Analyses revealed that significantly more referrals were made regarding social determinants of health after the onset of COVID-19 (13.8%) compared with prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (4.1%, p < .05). Providers' transition to telehealth services sufficiently served WIC families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Glaze
- PsyD, assistant professor, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ashley Sward
- PsyD, assistant professor, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eline Lenne
- MOT, OTR/L, PhD student, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samantha Brown
- PhD, assistant professor, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Lindsey Rogers
- PsyD, instructor, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen A Frankel
- PhD, professor, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susanne Klawetter
- PhD, LCSW, assistant professor, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
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Loose T, Geoffroy MC, Yang AV, Coté S. Parental loneliness, parental stress and child mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Variations by cumulative socioeconomic risk. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2023; 12:100499. [PMID: 36816511 PMCID: PMC9928609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about parent and child mental health, especially within disadvantaged families. However, little is known about how parental stress and loneliness during the pandemic influenced their children and no studies have investigated if these associations could vary by socioeconomic status. Methods In July to September 2021, a large representative sample of parents (N = 4,524) in Québec (Canada) reported on aspects of their own mental health and that of their 9-10 year old child. Outcome variables were child externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Exposure variables were changes in parental loneliness and parental stress since the onset of the pandemic. The moderator variable was cumulative socioeconomic risk. Multiple linear regression analyses were executed and adjusted for confounding factors. Results Child internalizing symptoms were associated with higher levels of parental stress (β = 0.14, p<.001) and loneliness (β = 0.23, p<.001). Child externalizing symptoms were also associated with parental stress (β = 0.13, p<.001) and loneliness (β = 0.18, p<.001). Most of these associations were stronger within the most disadvantaged households. Limitations The cross-sectional design does not allow interpretations about causality. Conclusions Increases in parental stress and loneliness since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic would be detrimental to parent and child mental health. As these issues were amplified within families experiencing more socioeconomic adversities, our results can inform public policy to support families in times of crisis and direct resources to those most in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianna Loose
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal School of Public Health, 3050, Boul. Édouard-Montpetit, 2e Étage, A-212, Montréal, QC H3T 1J7, Canada.,CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adam Vanzella Yang
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal School of Public Health, 3050, Boul. Édouard-Montpetit, 2e Étage, A-212, Montréal, QC H3T 1J7, Canada.,CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvana Coté
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal School of Public Health, 3050, Boul. Édouard-Montpetit, 2e Étage, A-212, Montréal, QC H3T 1J7, Canada.,CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Jamison JM, Egger D, Vazquez CE, McBride MJ, Pauling SN, Hess KE, Calzada EJ, Bearman SK. Mental Health Trajectories of Latinx Female Caregivers and Young Children During COVID-19: A Longitudinal Analysis. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2023; 32:571-585. [PMID: 36788947 PMCID: PMC9911948 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-023-02545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the impact of COVID-19 on mental health symptoms suggest that there may be a unique impact of COVID-19 on minoritized individuals, young children (children five and younger), and their caregivers. Longitudinal studies with representative samples including minoritized populations are needed to accurately reflect the experience of families during COVID-19. The current study used a longitudinal design to assess trajectories of mental health among Latinx female caregivers and their young children over time, beginning prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and over the course of 12 months. In fall of 2019, Latinx female caregivers (N = 213; 93.0% biological mother) of young children (M age = 5.38, SD = 0.34) reported on their own and their child's (52.6% female) mental health symptoms, as well as parenting stress, at three time points through Fall of 2020. Growth curve models showed that self-report of caregiver global mental health worsened over time, though caregiver depression and parenting stress did not change significantly, nor did caregiver-report of their children's mental health. Results suggest that while female caregiver well-being was adversely affected by COVID-19, caregivers showed resilience in the face of this pandemic, which in turn may have buffered the impact of the pandemic on Latinx child mental health. Methodological and contextual implications of these results are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesslyn M. Jamison
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
| | - Dominique Egger
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
| | - Christian E. Vazquez
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, 211S Cooper St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Megan J. McBride
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
| | - Sydney N. Pauling
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
| | - Katherine E. Hess
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
| | - Esther J. Calzada
- The Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Sarah Kate Bearman
- Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5800, Austin, TX 78712-0383 USA
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McLaughlin KA, Rosen ML, Kasparek SW, Rodman AM. Stress-related psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Behav Res Ther 2022; 154:104121. [PMID: 35642991 PMCID: PMC9110305 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced widespread societal changes that have required ongoing adaptation. Unsurprisingly, stress-related psychopathology has increased during the pandemic, in both children and adults. We review these patterns through the lens of several leading conceptual models of the link between stress and psychopathology. Some of these models focus on characteristics of environmental stressors-including cumulative risk, specific stressor types, and stress sensitization approaches. Understanding the specific aspects of environmental stressors that are most likely to lead to psychopathology can shed light on who may be in most need of clinical intervention. Other models center on factors that can buffer against the onset of psychopathology following stress and the mechanisms through which stressors contribute to emergent psychopathology. These models highlight specific psychosocial processes that may be most usefully targeted by interventions to reduce stress-related psychopathology. We review evidence for each of these stress models in the context of other widescale community-level disruptions, like natural disasters and terrorist attacks, alongside emerging evidence for these stress pathways from the COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss clinical implications for developing interventions to reduce stress-related psychopathology during the pandemic, with a focus on brief, digital interventions that may be more accessible than traditional clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya L Rosen
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA
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