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Todorović Vukotić N, Đorđević J, Pejić S, Đorđević N, Pajović SB. Antidepressants- and antipsychotics-induced hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:767-789. [PMID: 33398419 PMCID: PMC7781826 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a serious health burden. It has diverse clinical presentations that can escalate to acute liver failure. The worldwide increase in the use of psychotropic drugs, their long-term use on a daily basis, common comorbidities of psychiatric and metabolic disorders, and polypharmacy in psychiatric patients increase the incidence of psychotropics-induced DILI. During the last 2 decades, hepatotoxicity of various antidepressants (ADs) and antipsychotics (APs) received much attention. Comprehensive review and discussion of accumulated literature data concerning this issue are performed in this study, as hepatotoxic effects of most commonly prescribed ADs and APs are classified, described, and discussed. The review focuses on ADs and APs characterized by the risk of causing liver damage and highlights the ones found to cause life-threatening or severe DILI cases. In parallel, an overview of hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and steatosis underlying DILI is provided, followed by extensive review and discussion of the pathophysiology of AD- and AP-induced DILI revealed in case reports, and animal and in vitro studies. The consequences of some ADs and APs ability to affect drug-metabolizing enzymes and therefore provoke drug–drug interactions are also addressed. Continuous collecting of data on drugs, mechanisms, and risk factors for DILI, as well as critical data reviewing, is crucial for easier DILI diagnosis and more efficient risk assessment of AD- and AP-induced DILI. Higher awareness of ADs and APs hepatotoxicity is the prerequisite for their safe use and optimal dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Todorović Vukotić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12-14 Mike Petrovića Alasa, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Đorđević
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry "Ivan Đaja", Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 16 Studentski Trg, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Pejić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12-14 Mike Petrovića Alasa, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neda Đorđević
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12-14 Mike Petrovića Alasa, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana B Pajović
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12-14 Mike Petrovića Alasa, P.O. Box 522-090, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 81 Blvd. Dr. Zorana Đinđića, 18000, Niš, Serbia
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Ataei S, Kord L, Larki A, Yasrebifar F, Mehrpooya M, Seyedtabib M, Hasanzarrini M. Comparison of Sertraline with Rifampin in the treatment of Cholestatic Pruritus: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2019; 14:217-223. [PMID: 30919782 DOI: 10.2174/1574887114666190328130720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pruritus is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of liver disease such as Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Cholestyramine, rifampin, opioid antagonists, antihistaminic agents and SSRIs are used for the management of pruritus. Due to rifampin drug interactions as well as its serious side effects such as hepatotoxicity, clinicians are endeavoruing to find a safer and a more effective substitution. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of sertraline with rifampin in the management of cholestatic pruritus. METHODS In a single-blinded randomized clinical trial a total of 36 patients of PSC and PBC were divided into two equal groups, one group received 100 mg/day sertraline and the other group received rifampin 300 mg/day for 4 weeks. Visual analog scale was used to record pruritus severity at baseline and 4 weeks after drug intervention, also, ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin of all patients were measured at three different time points. RESULTS Over the follow-up period, pruritus had relieved in both groups, but there was no significant differences between sertraline and rifampin in pruritus management (pvalue=0.740), also there was no significant difference between the two intervention strategies (A versus B) in total bilirubin level (pvalue=0.106). Moreover, the ALT, AST and ALP levels were found to be significantly different between the two groups (Pvalue˂0.01). CONCLUSION There is no difference between sertraline and rifampin in pruritus improvement, but sertraline has less adverse effects on hepatobiliary enzyme levels, so it seems to be safer than rifampin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ataei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kord
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Larki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yasrebifar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrpooya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Seyedtabib
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hasanzarrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Nicoletti P, Aithal GP, Bjornsson ES, Andrade RJ, Sawle A, Arrese M, Barnhart HX, Bondon-Guitton E, Hayashi PH, Bessone F, Carvajal A, Cascorbi I, Cirulli ET, Chalasani N, Conforti A, Coulthard SA, Daly MJ, Day CP, Dillon JF, Fontana RJ, Grove JI, Hallberg P, Hernández N, Ibáñez L, Kullak-Ublick GA, Laitinen T, Larrey D, Lucena MI, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Martin JH, Molokhia M, Pirmohamed M, Powell EE, Qin S, Serrano J, Stephens C, Stolz A, Wadelius M, Watkins PB, Floratos A, Shen Y, Nelson MR, Urban TJ, Daly AK. Association of Liver Injury From Specific Drugs, or Groups of Drugs, With Polymorphisms in HLA and Other Genes in a Genome-Wide Association Study. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1078-1089. [PMID: 28043905 PMCID: PMC5367948 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic risk factors for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from licensed drugs without previously reported genetic risk factors. METHODS We performed a GWAS of 862 persons with DILI and 10,588 population-matched controls. The first set of cases was recruited before May 2009 in Europe (n = 137) and the United States (n = 274). The second set of cases were identified from May 2009 through May 2013 from international collaborative studies performed in Europe, the United States, and South America. For the GWAS, we included only cases with patients of European ancestry associated with a particular drug (but not flucloxacillin or amoxicillin-clavulanate). We used DNA samples from all subjects to analyze HLA genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms. After the discovery analysis was concluded, we validated our findings using data from 283 European patients with diagnosis of DILI associated with various drugs. RESULTS We associated DILI with rs114577328 (a proxy for A*33:01 a HLA class I allele; odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-3.8; P = 2.4 × 10-8) and with rs72631567 on chromosome 2 (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6-2.5; P = 9.7 × 10-9). The association with A*33:01 was mediated by large effects for terbinafine-, fenofibrate-, and ticlopidine-related DILI. The variant on chromosome 2 was associated with DILI from a variety of drugs. Further phenotypic analysis indicated that the association between DILI and A*33:01 was significant genome wide for cholestatic and mixed DILI, but not for hepatocellular DILI; the polymorphism on chromosome 2 was associated with cholestatic and mixed DILI as well as hepatocellular DILI. We identified an association between rs28521457 (within the lipopolysaccharide-responsive vesicle trafficking, beach and anchor containing gene) and only hepatocellular DILI (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6-2.7; P = 4.8 × 10-9). We did not associate any specific drug classes with genetic polymorphisms, except for statin-associated DILI, which was associated with rs116561224 on chromosome 18 (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 3.0-9.5; P = 7.1 × 10-9). We validated the association between A*33:01 terbinafine- and sertraline-induced DILI. We could not validate the association between DILI and rs72631567, rs28521457, or rs116561224. CONCLUSIONS In a GWAS of persons of European descent with DILI, we associated HLA-A*33:01 with DILI due to terbinafine and possibly fenofibrate and ticlopidine. We identified polymorphisms that appear to be associated with DILI from statins, as well as 2 non-drug-specific risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nicoletti
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospital, National Health Service Trust, and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Einar S Bjornsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Digestivo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ashley Sawle
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Marco Arrese
- Departmento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Paul H Hayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Fernando Bessone
- Servicio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Sally A Coulthard
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Daly
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher P Day
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John F Dillon
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jane I Grove
- National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospital, National Health Service Trust, and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pär Hallberg
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nelia Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luisa Ibáñez
- Fundació Institut Català de Farmacologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tarja Laitinen
- Clinical Research Unit for Pulmonary Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dominique Larrey
- Liver Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, St Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - M Isabel Lucena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Digestivo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Jennifer H Martin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mariam Molokhia
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth E Powell
- Centre for Liver Disease Research, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shengying Qin
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jose Serrano
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Camilla Stephens
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Digestivo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Andrew Stolz
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mia Wadelius
- Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul B Watkins
- University of North Carolina Institute for Drug Safety Sciences, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aris Floratos
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Thomas J Urban
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ann K Daly
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Telles-Correia D, Barbosa A, Cortez-Pinto H, Campos C, Rocha NBF, Machado S. Psychotropic drugs and liver disease: A critical review of pharmacokinetics and liver toxicity. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2017; 8:26-38. [PMID: 28217372 PMCID: PMC5292604 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v8.i1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the organ by which the majority of substances are metabolized, including psychotropic drugs. There are several pharmacokinetic changes in end-stage liver disease that can interfere with the metabolization of psychotropic drugs. This fact is particularly true in drugs with extensive first-pass metabolism, highly protein bound drugs and drugs depending on phase I hepatic metabolic reactions. Psychopharmacological agents are also associated with a risk of hepatotoxicity. The evidence is insufficient for definite conclusions regarding the prevalence and severity of psychiatric drug-induced liver injury. High-risk psychotropics are not advised when there is pre-existing liver disease, and after starting a psychotropic agent in a patient with hepatic impairment, frequent liver function/lesion monitoring is advised. The authors carefully review the pharmacokinetic disturbances induced by end-stage liver disease and the potential of psychopharmacological agents for liver toxicity.
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Osorio S, Escudero-Vilaplana V, Reguilón-Gallego L, Gómez-Centurión I, Díez JL, Ferrer-Marín F. Severe liver toxicity in a chronic myeloid leukemia patient probably induced by a drug interaction between imatinib and sertraline. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2017; 25:1078155217735689. [PMID: 29065786 DOI: 10.1177/1078155217735689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Our objective is to describe a chronic myeloid leukemia patient with a severe liver toxicity likely due to a drug-drug interaction between imatinib and sertraline. The patient started treatment with sertraline three months after starting imatinib. From the beginning of sertraline treatment, the patient developed vomiting, and five weeks later she developed a severe hepatic failure and was admitted to the hospital. The Naranjo nomogram showed a probable correlation between this adverse effect and the interaction between imatinib and sertraline. This interaction is extremely rare and the mechanism of action is not clear; it could be a mix of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. To our knowledge, this is the first case in medical literature of a severe liver toxicity due to an interaction between imatinib and sertraline. This interaction is also not described in the main secondary data sources, such as Lexicomp® and Micromedex®. However, due to the severity of this event, the hepatic function should be carefully monitored in patients treated with imatinib and sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Osorio
- 1 Hematology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- 2 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Escudero-Vilaplana
- 2 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- 3 Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Reguilón-Gallego
- 4 Unidad de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Morales-Meseguer, IMIB-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Díez
- 1 Hematology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- 2 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Ferrer-Marín
- 5 Unidad de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Morales-Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, IMIB-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- 6 CIBERER, Grado de Medicina, UCAM, Murcia, Spain
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Pytka K, Głuch-Lutwin M, Knutelska J, Jakubczyk M, Waszkielewicz A, Kotańska M. HBK-14 and HBK-15 Do Not Influence Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, Glucose Level, or Liver Enzymes Activity after Chronic Treatment in Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165495. [PMID: 27788267 PMCID: PMC5082917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Older and even new antidepressants cause adverse effects, such as orthostatic hypotension, hyper- or hypoglycemia, liver injury or lipid disorders. In our previous experiments we showed significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of dual 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 antagonists with α1-adrenolitic properties i.e. 1-[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-14) and 1-[(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-15). Here, we evaluated the influence of chronic administration of HBK-14 and HBK-15 on blood pressure (non-invasive blood pressure measurement system for rodents), lipid profile (total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins—LDL, high density lipoproteins—HDL, triglycerides), glucose level, and liver enzymes activity (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase). We determined potential antihistaminic (isolated guinea pig ileum) and antioxidant properties (ferric reducing ability of plasma–FRAP, non-protein thiols–NPSH, stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl—DPPH) cytotoxicity. Our experiments revealed that HBK-14 and HBK-15 did not influence blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose level or liver enzymes activity in rats after 2-week treatment. We also showed that none of the compounds possessed antioxidant or cytotoxic properties at antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like doses. HBK-14 and HBK-15 very weakly blocked H1 receptors in guinea pig ileum. Positive results of our preliminary experiments on the safety of HBK-14 and HBK-15 encourage further studies concerning their effectiveness in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Knutelska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jakubczyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Conrad MA, Cui J, Lin HC. Sertraline-Associated Cholestasis and Ductopenia Consistent with Vanishing Bile Duct Syndrome. J Pediatr 2016; 169:313-5.e1. [PMID: 26597434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An adolescent with depression treated with sertraline developed cholestasis and bile duct paucity, which resolved with medication discontinuation. Vanishing bile duct syndrome is an acquired destruction of interlobular bile ducts. This type of drug-induced liver injury has been associated with other medications and requires practitioners' awareness of potential hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máire A Conrad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Jiawei Cui
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Henry C Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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Chen S, Xuan J, Couch L, Iyer A, Wu Y, Li QZ, Guo L. Sertraline induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatic cells. Toxicology 2014; 322:78-88. [PMID: 24865413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sertraline is used for the treatment of depression, and is also used for the treatment of panic, obsessive-compulsive, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Previously, we have demonstrated that sertraline caused hepatic cytotoxicity, with mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis being underlying mechanisms. In this study, we used microarray and other biochemical and molecular analyses to identify endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a novel molecular mechanism. HepG2 cells were exposed to sertraline and subjected to whole genome gene expression microarray analysis. Pathway analysis revealed that ER stress is among the significantly affected biological changes. We confirmed the increased expression of ER stress makers by real-time PCR and Western blots. The expression of typical ER stress markers such as PERK, IRE1α, and CHOP was significantly increased. To study better ER stress-mediated drug-induced liver toxicity; we established in vitro systems for monitoring ER stress quantitatively and efficiently, using Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) and secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) as ER stress reporters. These in vitro systems were validated using well-known ER stress inducers. In these two reporter assays, sertraline inhibited the secretion of Gluc and SEAP. Moreover, we demonstrated that sertraline-induced apoptosis was coupled to ER stress and that the apoptotic effect was attenuated by 4-phenylbutyrate, a potent ER stress inhibitor. In addition, we showed that the MAP4K4-JNK signaling pathway contributed to the process of sertraline-induced ER stress. In summary, we demonstrated that ER stress is a mechanism of sertraline-induced liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Jiekun Xuan
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Letha Couch
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Advait Iyer
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA; Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Yuanfeng Wu
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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Chen S, Melchior WB, Guo L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in drug- and environmental toxicant-induced liver toxicity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2014; 32:83-104. [PMID: 24598041 PMCID: PMC5736308 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2014.881648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury resulting from exposure to drugs and environmental chemicals is a major health problem. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is considered to be an important factor in a wide range of diseases, such as cancer, neurological and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. The role of ER stress in drug-induced and environmental toxicant-induced liver toxicity has been underestimated in the past; emerging evidence indicates that ER stress makes a substantial contribution to the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver toxicity. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on drugs and environmental toxicants that trigger ER stress in liver and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. We also discuss experimental approaches for ER stress studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- a Division of Biochemical Toxicology , National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA , Jefferson , Arkansas , USA
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Chen S, Xuan J, Wan L, Lin H, Couch L, Mei N, Dobrovolsky VN, Guo L. Sertraline, an antidepressant, induces apoptosis in hepatic cells through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Toxicol Sci 2013; 137:404-15. [PMID: 24194395 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertraline is generally used for the treatment of depression and is also approved for the treatment of panic, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders. Previously, using rat primary hepatocytes and isolated mitochondria, we demonstrated that sertraline caused hepatic cytotoxicity and mitochondrial impairment. In the current study, we investigated and characterized molecular mechanisms of sertraline toxicity in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Sertraline decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Sertraline activated the intrinsic checkpoint protein caspase-9 and caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol; this process was Bcl-2 family dependent because antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins were decreased. Pretreatment of the HepG2 cells with caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 inhibitors partially but significantly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase, indicating that sertraline-induced apoptosis is mediated by both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, sertraline markedly increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the phosphorylation of JNK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and p38. In sertraline-treated cells, the induction of apoptosis and cell death was shown to be the result of activation of JNK, but not ERK1/2 or p38 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Furthermore, silencing MAP4K4, the upstream kinase of JNK, attenuated both apoptosis and cell death caused by sertraline. Taken together, our findings suggest that sertraline induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells at least partially via activation of the TNF-MAP4K4-JNK cascade signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- * Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079
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Suen CFDLW, Boyapati R, Simpson I, Dev A. Acute liver injury secondary to sertraline. BMJ Case Rep 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-201022. [PMID: 24072839 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertraline is widely prescribed to treat depression and anxiety disorders. However, hepatitis secondary to its use is a rare entity. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman in her 20th week of pregnancy presented with nausea, vomiting, malaise and dark urine. This occurred 6 months after sertraline 50 mg daily was started for the treatment of depression. Three weeks prior to her presentation, the dose of sertraline was increased to 100 mg daily. The patient's liver biochemical profile demonstrated increased transaminases. The biopsy of the liver showed lobular hepatitis, with a mild prominence of eosinophils, suggestive of a drug-induced or toxin-induced aetiology. Extensive biochemical work-up failed to show any other pathology to account for her hepatitis. Liver function tests normalised after cessation of sertraline, indicating a probable association between sertraline use and acute hepatocellular injury in our patient.
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Hwang JT, Kim S, Choi I, Choi SY. Resveratrol analog 4-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]pyridine reduces differentiation of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:96-99. [PMID: 23035943 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.711841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin synthesized by plants, most notably grapes, against microbial invasion or ultraviolet stimulation, and is known to exert antioxidant, anticancer, and antiobesity effects. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to find resveratrol derivatives with higher anti-obesity activity compared to resveratrol and to verify their mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inhibitory effect of resveratrol and its derivatives on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells was studied using Oil Red O staining, and the effects on the intracellular expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were measured via Western blot analysis. RESULTS A derivative of resveratrol, 4-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]pyridine (DPVP), exerted inhibitory effects against 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation (IC(50) = 13.5 µM) and FAS expression. Notably, it displayed higher activity at concentrations lower than 25 µM compared to resveratrol. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION DPVP is considered to have greater potential as an anti-obesity substance, as it exhibits excellent activity at low concentrations compared to resveratrol.
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Sedky K, Nazir R, Joshi A, Kaur G, Lippmann S. Which psychotropic medications induce hepatotoxicity? Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2012; 34:53-61. [PMID: 22133982 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Safe prescribing practices to minimize pharmaceutically induced liver damage or worsening of preexisting conditions require knowledge about medicines with hepatotoxic potential. This paper reviews psychotropic medications and their effects on the liver. METHODS A MEDLINE search was performed utilizing the phrase "drug-induced liver injury" with various categories of psychiatric drugs. Only articles written in English were utilized. RESULTS Hepatotoxicity can be acute or chronic in nature. Medication discontinuation is necessary in acute forms, while close monitoring is required in milder forms of medication-induced chronic liver damage. Nefazodone, pemoline and/or tacrine are the highest offenders. Carbamazepine and valproate products (e.g., divalproex) can lead to this adverse event and should be avoided in patients with liver disease, persons with alcohol misuse or those consuming high doses of acetaminophen. CONCLUSION Knowing the risk levels associated with various medicines is important; prescribing multiple drugs with hepatotoxic effects should be avoided. One should educate patients about early warning signs of liver injury. Always provide clinical and laboratory monitoring before and during the use of hepatotoxic drugs. Clinical features and laboratory results govern medication prescribing with ongoing risk-to-benefit ratio assessment during pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Sedky
- Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19124, USA.
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Dodd S, Malhi GS, Tiller J, Schweitzer I, Hickie I, Khoo JP, Bassett DL, Lyndon B, Mitchell PB, Parker G, Fitzgerald PB, Udina M, Singh A, Moylan S, Giorlando F, Doughty C, Davey CG, Theodoras M, Berk M. A consensus statement for safety monitoring guidelines of treatments for major depressive disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2011; 45:712-25. [PMID: 21888608 PMCID: PMC3190838 DOI: 10.3109/00048674.2011.595686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper aims to present an overview of screening and safety considerations for the treatment of clinical depressive disorders and make recommendations for safety monitoring. METHOD Data were sourced by a literature search using MEDLINE and a manual search of scientific journals to identify relevant articles. Draft guidelines were prepared and serially revised in an iterative manner until all co-authors gave final approval of content. RESULTS Screening and monitoring can detect medical causes of depression. Specific adverse effects associated with antidepressant treatments may be reduced or identified earlier by baseline screening and agent-specific monitoring after commencing treatment. CONCLUSION The adoption of safety monitoring guidelines when treating clinical depression is likely to improve overall physical health status and treatment outcome. It is important to implement these guidelines in the routine management of clinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seetal Dodd
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gin S Malhi
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Tiller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isaac Schweitzer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Hickie
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jon Paul Khoo
- Toowong Specialist Clinic, Level 2/54 Jephson St, Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Darryl L Bassett
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bill Lyndon
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gordon Parker
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul B Fitzgerald
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred and Monash University School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc Udina
- Bipolar Disorders Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ajeet Singh
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Moylan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Carolyn Doughty
- Child and Family Specialty Service, Canterbury District Health Board; Department of Public Health and General Practice, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Michael Theodoras
- Eating Disorders Program, New Farm Clinic, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria; Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria; Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Current awareness: Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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