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Ranftler C, Zehentner M, Pengl A, Röhrich A, Tschegg C, Nagl D. Purified Clinoptilolite-Tuff as an Efficient Sorbent for Food-Derived Peanut Allergens. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6510. [PMID: 38928222 PMCID: PMC11203878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The avoidance of allergen intake is crucial for persons affected by peanut allergy; however, the cross-contamination of food is common and leads to unpredictable consequences after the consumption of supposedly "safe" food. The aim of the present study was to eliminate harmful traces of peanut allergens from food using purified clinoptilolite-tuff (PCT)-a specially processed zeolite material. Analyses were performed using a peanut ELISA and a Coomassie blue (Bradford) assay. Mimicking conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract demonstrated a higher efficacy of PCT in the intestine (pH 6.8) than in the stomach (pH 1.5). Adsorption rates were fast (<2 min) and indicated high capacities (23 µg and 40 µg per 1 mg of PCT at pH 1.5 and pH 6.8, respectively). Allergenically relevant peanut protein concentrations were sorbed in artificial fluids (32 µg/mL by 4 mg/mL of PCT at pH 1.5 and 80.8 µg/mL by 0.25 mg/mL of PCT at pH 6.8) when imitating a daily dose of 2 g of PCT in an average stomach volume of 500 mL. Experiments focusing on the bioavailability of peanut protein attached to PCT revealed sustained sorption at pH 1.5 and only minor desorption at pH 6.8. Accompanied by gluten, peanut proteins showed competing binding characteristics with PCT. This study therefore demonstrates the potential of PCT in binding relevant quantities of peanut allergens during the digestion of peanut-contaminated food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dietmar Nagl
- GLOCK Health, Science and Research GmbH, Hausfeldstrasse 17, 2232 Deutsch-Wagram, Austria; (C.R.); (M.Z.); (A.P.); (A.R.); (C.T.)
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Patrylak LK, Pertko OP, Yakovenko AV, Voloshyna YG, Povazhnyi VA, Kurmach MM. Isomerization of linear hexane over acid-modified nanosized nickel-containing natural Ukrainian zeolites. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Grass JP, Pals U, Inayat A, Schwieger W, Hartmann M, Dathe W. Uptake and release characteristics of serotonin hydrochloride by natural Cuban zeolite containing clinoptilolite and mordenite. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14277. [PMID: 34253745 PMCID: PMC8275685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) plays an important role in human physiology. An excess of this native regulator within the human gut can be partially controlled by orally consuming zeolite. Therefore, this study focuses on the kinetics of the uptake and release of serotonin hydrochloride (5-HT-hc) by natural Cuban zeolite containing clinoptilolite and mordenite at different pH levels using UV–Vis spectroscopy. 5-HT-hc is stable under the following investigated experimental conditions: incubation temperature of 36 °C; and at a pH of 5, 7, and 9. Independent of the zeolite framework, the 5-HT-hc is adsorbed without changing its molecular structure. The uptake and release of 5-HT-hc were not correlated to the textural properties of these aluminosilicates. The investigated zeolites adsorbed 5-HT-hc at about 14 mg per gram zeolite with no large differences observed between different samples. Release studies of 5-HT-hc-loaded zeolite revealed that the 5-HT-hc is strongly bound to the zeolite, and independent of the pH value and zeolite framework only up to 12.7% was released into the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Paul Grass
- Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Pals
- Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Inayat
- Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schwieger
- Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Wilfried Dathe
- Heck Bio-Pharma GmbH, Gerberstraße 15, 73650, Winterbach, Germany.
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Cerri G, Farina M, Brundu A, Gavini E, Salis A, Dathe W. Antibacterial activity of Zn-loaded Cuban zeolite against Helicobacter pylori in comparison to its Na-loaded and unmodified counterparts. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:2037-2048. [PMID: 33244649 PMCID: PMC8081705 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori can be found in the stomach of about half of the humans, and a large population can be associated with serious diseases. To survive in the stomach H. pylori increases the pH locally by producing ammonia which binds to H+ becoming ammonium. This work investigated the effects on the in-vitro growth of H. pylori of a natural cation-exchanger mainly composed (≈70%) of clinoptilolite and mordenite. The zeolitized material from Cuba was evaluated in its original form (M), as well as in its Na- (M-Na) and Zn-exchanged (M-Zn) counterparts. In the preliminary agar cup diffusion test, H. pylori revealed susceptibility only to M-Zn, with a direct relationship between concentration and width of inhibition halo. Further experiments evidenced that bacterium replication increases when ammonium is supplied to the growth medium and decreases when zeolites subtract NH4+ via ion exchange. Due to the multi-cationic population of its zeolites M was not effective enough in removing ammonium and, in the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test, allowed bacterial growth even at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Inhibition was achieved with M-Na because it contained sodium zeolites capable of maximizing NH4+ subtraction, although the MIC was high (30 mg/mL). M-Zn evidenced a more effective inhibitory capacity, with a MIC of 4 mg/mL. Zinc has antimicrobial properties and H. pylori growth was affected by Zn2+ released from clinoptilolite and mordenite. These zeolites, being more selective towards NH4+ than Zn2+, can also subtract ammonium to the bacterium, thus enhancing the efficacy of M-Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Cerri
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning - GeoMaterials Lab, Sassari University, Via Piandanna 4, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Mauro Farina
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning - GeoMaterials Lab, Sassari University, Via Piandanna 4, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Brundu
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning - GeoMaterials Lab, Sassari University, Via Piandanna 4, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Via Muroni 23, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Salis
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Via Muroni 23, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Wilfried Dathe
- Heck Bio-Pharma GmbH, Gerberstraße 15, 73650, Winterbach, Germany
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Doekhi-Bennani Y, Leilabady NM, Fu M, Rietveld LC, van der Hoek JP, Heijman SGJ. Simultaneous removal of ammonium ions and sulfamethoxazole by ozone regenerated high silica zeolites. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116472. [PMID: 33027697 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuous development of industry and civilization has led to changes in composition, texture and toxicity of waste water due to the wide range of pollutants being present. Considering that the conventional wastewater treatment methods are insufficient for removing micropollutants and nutrients to a high level, other, alternative, treatment methods should be used to polish wastewater treatment plant effluents. In this study we developed an alternative, polishing concept for removal of ammonium and micropollutants that could potentially be incorporated in existing wastewater treatment plants. We demonstrated a method to use high silica MOR zeolite granules as an adsorbent for simultaneous removal of the micropollutant sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ammonium (NH4+) ions from aqueous solutions. At an initial NH4+ concentration of 10 mg/L the high silica zeolite mordenite (MOR) granules removed 0.42 mg/g of NH4+, similar to the removal obtained by commonly used natural zeolite Zeolita (0.44 mg/g). However, at higher NH4+ concentrations the Zeolita performed better. In addition, the Langmuir isotherm model showed a higher maximum adsorption capacity of Zeolita (qmax, 4.08 mg/g), which was about two times higher than that of MOR (2.11). The adsorption capacity of MOR towards SMX, at both low (2 µg/L) and high (50 mg/L) initial concentrations, was high and even increased in the presence of NH4+ ions. The used adsorbent could be regenerated with ozone and reused in consecutive adsorption-regeneration cycles with marginal decrease in the total adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Doekhi-Bennani
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Nazila Mir Leilabady
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Mingyan Fu
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk C Rietveld
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Peter van der Hoek
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands; Waternet, Department Research & Innovation, P.O. Box 94370, 1090 GJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan G J Heijman
- Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
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Characterization and Hemostatic Potential of Two Kaolins from Southern China. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173160. [PMID: 31480278 PMCID: PMC6749497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical properties and potential hemostatic application of Wenchang kaolin and Maoming kaolin were inspected and evaluated. Chemical composition analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface area determination, X-ray diffraction, particle size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, and zeta potential analysis were performed to quantify the physical and chemical properties of the two kaolins. The results showed that both kaolins have typical FTIR bands of kaolinite with a weight fraction for kaolinite over 90 wt%. Larger conglobate aggregates of Maoming kaolin demonstrated wider particle size distributions with two peaks at 3.17 and 35.57 μm, while the book-like Wenchang kaolin had narrow particle size distribution, with a frequent size of 5.64 μm. Furthermore, thrombelastography, the whole blood clotting tests (WBCT), plasma recalcification time (PRT) measurement, and MTT assay were performed to measure the clotting activities and biocompatibility of the two kaolins. The results showed that both kaolins could promote blood coagulation with good cytocompatibility, while Wenchang kaolin had a better procoagulant activity than Maoming kaolin. These findings demonstrated Wenchang kaolin to be a more suitable local source material for application as a hemostatic agent.
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Langbein T, Dathe W, Deuerling A, Baum RP. Efficacy of Detoxsan ® powder on diarrhea caused by gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2133-2143. [PMID: 31114139 PMCID: PMC6506581 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i17.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gastrointestinal tract suffer frequently from chronic diarrhea. A well characterized medical advice containing zeolite (Detoxsan® powder) was applied to patients suffered from therapy-refractory diarrhea either by its frequency or by watery stool, despite receiving standard pharmacotherapy according to the guidelines for carcinoid syndrome and comorbidities. Detoxsan® powder acts as an adsorbent and might reduce significantly symptoms of diarrhea in patients suffering from NETs.
AIM To overcome the therapy-refractory diarrhea of patients with NETs by the zeolite containing medical advice Detoxsan® powder.
METHODS A total of 20 patients (12 female and 8 male) suffering from diarrhea either by its frequency or from watery stool caused by NETs were included. In each patient, the diagnosis had been confirmed by histology and somatostatin receptors expression proven by positron emission tomography/computed tomography using Ga-68-labeled somatostatin analogs. All patients received standard-of-care pharmacotherapy and were additionally given Detoxsan® powder as an extemporaneous drug containing 90% natural Cuban zeolite and 10% magnesium aspartate. Recommended daily dosage ranges between 3 g once to three times per day. Each day dose and bowel movements were documented by the patients themselves in a pre-defined table. Additionally to the bowel movements quantitative determinations of serotonin, urea, creatinine and single ions were performed within the serum of the patients by commercially available equipment used as a matter of routine in the clinic.
RESULTS All patients enrolled in this pilot study did not only suffer from NETs, but also from comorbidities and treatment-resistant diarrhea. There was insufficient control of diarrhea, most probably due to the secretion of hormones like serotonin produced by the slowly growing and highly differentiated NETs. All patients only took Detoxsan® powder as an antidiarrheal drug. In general, response effects need several days to become perceptible and require an intake of Detoxsan® powder for an extended time period or intermittently, if persisting stabilization of bowel movements could not be achieved. A correlation between NET grade, part and size of bowel resection and functionality of the tumor could not be demonstrated. Therefore, diarrhea seemed to be based on the metabolic activity of the well-differentiated NETs, which eventually led to treatment resistance. In summary, 14 out of the 20 patients (70%) declared to be very content with using Detoxsan® powder and observed a significant reduction of diarrhea, while the effective dose and intake period that resulted in a symptom relief varied individually.
CONCLUSION Detoxsan® powder is able to reduce significantly symptoms of NET-related diarrhea in the majority of patients. The duration of taking Detoxsan® powder and its dosage vary individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Langbein
- Theranostics Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Bad Berka D-99437, Germany
| | - Wilfried Dathe
- Scientific Managment, Heck Bio-Pharma GmbH, Winterbach D-73650, Germany
| | - Anika Deuerling
- Theranostics Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Bad Berka D-99437, Germany
| | - Richard P Baum
- Theranostics Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Bad Berka D-99437, Germany
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