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Berezina TN, Rybtsov SA. Use of Personal Resources May Influence the Rate of Biological Aging Depending on Individual Typology. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1793-1811. [PMID: 36547027 PMCID: PMC9778189 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12120126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual hobbies and interests, the ways of spending leisure time develop personal resources influencing health and wellbeing. The literature analysis helped selecting thirteen personal resources that also affect the rate of aging: sports, order, creativity, intellect, handwork, kindness, Humor, spirituality, risk, nature, achievements, optimism, communication. In 1632 people, (840 women and 792 men) personal resources were assessed using a questionnaire developed in-house. Biological age was determined by health indicators. The personal typology was determined by testing functional asymmetry, physique, interaction style, emotionality, profession, marital status, gender, age, and place of residence. The data were processed by correlation and cluster analysis and methods of automatic artificial neural networks (ANN). Personal resources were used as input continuous variables. Personality types were used as input categorical variables. The index of relative biological aging (RBA) was applied as an output continuous variable. We also calculated the correlation between the RBA index and the applied personal resources in different types of personalities. For most female types including investigative occupations, psychomotor emotionality, living in urban areas, asthenic physique, negative correlations were found between most personal resources and the aging index. In men, resources that slow down aging are found only for certain types: enterprising and conventional professions, ambidexter and left-handed, intellectual emotionality, athletic physique. In conclusion, with the help of the trained ANN, we selected personal resources that slow down aging. For women of all types, there are common resources reducing RBA index including nature, intellect, and achievements. For men, ANN was unable to find common resources that slow down aging. However, with an individual selection of resources, a trained neural network gives a favorable forecast of the ability to slow down the biological aging of a particular man by changing his hobbies and interests and ways of spending free time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N. Berezina
- Department of Scientific Basis of Extreme Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, 127051 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Rybtsov
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
- Correspondence:
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Fernández-Ballesteros R, Valeriano-Lorenzo E, Sánchez-Izquierdo M, Botella J. Behavioral Lifestyles and Survival: A Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 12:786491. [PMID: 35185686 PMCID: PMC8854179 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.786491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to determine the association between Behavioral Lifestyles (regular physical activity, healthy diet, sleeping, and weight control) and longevity in the elderly. A search strategy was conducted in the PsycInfo, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus databases. The primary outcome was mortality/survival. Four variables (mean of participant's age at the baseline of the study, follow-up years of the study, gender, and year of publication) were analyzed to evaluate the role of potential moderators. Ninety-three articles, totaling more than 2,800,000 people, were included in the meta-analysis. We found that the lifestyles analyzed predict greater survival. Specifically, doing regular physical activity, engaging in leisure activities, sleeping 7-8 h a day, and staying outside the BMI ranges considered as underweight or obesity are habits that each separately has a greater probability associated with survival after a period of several years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan Botella
- Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Wang J, Shi L, Zou Y, Tang J, Cai J, Wei Y, Qin J, Zhang Z. Positive association of familial longevity with the moderate-high HDL-C concentration in Bama Aging Study. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3528-3540. [PMID: 30485248 PMCID: PMC6286851 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Familial longevity is characterized by beneficial metabolic phenotype in lipid metabolism and APOE genetic variation. Although effects of lipid metabolism and the genetic basis for human longevity remain largely unclear, the contribution of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and APOE ε2 allele has been repeatedly demonstrated. This study was designed to determine whether ApoE isoforms and HDL-C levels marked the familial longevity status in an offspring cohort with the age range of 20-89 years old and subsequently to explore the correlation between these two markers and the aging. In the Bama Aging Study (BAS), we recruited 312 offspring from longevity historical families and 298 controls from non-longevity historical families. Information on APOE genotype frequencies, lipid levels, and population characteristics were recorded. No evidence was found to support the association of APOE genotypes with HDL-C and age. HDL-C was significantly higher in longevity group (p < 0.0001). Scatter plot showed a moderately strong linear relationship between the HDL-C level and age in longevity group (r = 0.213, p < 0.001). We conclude that the variation of the APOE gene may not influence familial longevity status at a certain age but the moderate-high HDL-C level contributes to the familial longevity in Bama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liwei Shi
- Insitute of Vaccine Clinical Research, Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiexia Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Huang YC, Wahlqvist ML, Lo YTC, Lin C, Chang HY, Lee MS. A non-invasive modifiable Healthy Ageing Nutrition Index (HANI) predicts longevity in free-living older Taiwanese. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7113. [PMID: 29739965 PMCID: PMC5940774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional factors contributing to disability and mortality are modifiable in later life. Indices would add utility. We developed a gender-specific Healthy Ageing Nutrition Index (HANI) for all-cause mortality in free-living elderly. We stratified 1898 participants aged ≥65 y from the 1999–2000 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan by region and randomly allocated them into development and validation sets. Linkage to the National Death Registry database until December 31, 2008 enabled mortality prediction using Cox proportional-hazards models. Four factors (appetite, eating with others, dietary diversity score, and BMI) with best total of 25 HANI points for men; and 3 factors (cooking frequency, dietary diversity score, and BMI) with best total of 27 HANI points for women, were developed. In the validation set, the highest HANI group exhibited a greater intake of plant-derived food and associated nutrients, a favourable quality of life, and more muscle mass, compared with the lowest group. The highest HANI group predicts mortality risk lower by 44 percent in men and 61 percent in women. Adjusted mortality HRs were comparable between sets. HANI is a simple, non-invasive, inexpensive, and potentially modifiable tool for nutrition monitoring and survival prediction for older adults, superior to its individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Huang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mark L Wahlqvist
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC.,Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, 900 Dandenong Road, Caulfield East, Melbourne, Victoria, 3145, Australia
| | - Yuan-Ting C Lo
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC. .,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Minchuan East Road, Sec. 6, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC. .,Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, 900 Dandenong Road, Caulfield East, Melbourne, Victoria, 3145, Australia.
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Health-related lifestyle behaviors among male and female rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai, China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117946. [PMID: 25710464 PMCID: PMC4339381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle behaviors significantly impact health, yet remain poorly defined in Chinese rural-to-urban migrants. Methods In a cross-sectional study of health-related behaviors of 5484 rural-to-urban migrants who had worked in Shanghai for at least six months, we assessed the contribution of demographics and physical and mental health to lifestyle behaviors in male and female participants by multiple stepwise cumulative odds logistic regression. Results Respondents were 51.3% male. 9.9% exhibited abnormal blood pressure; 27.0% were overweight or obese; 11.2% reported abnormal mental health; 36.9% reported healthy lifestyle. Multiple stepwise cumulative odds logistic regression indicated that men working in manufacturing reported less unhealthy lifestyle than those in hospitality (cumulative odds ratio (COR) = 1.806, 95%CI 1.275–2.559) or recreation/leisure (COR = 3.248, 95%CI 2.379–4.435); and women working in manufacturing and construction reported less unhealthy lifestyle than those in all other sectors. Unhealthy lifestyle was associated with small workplaces for men (COR = 1.422, 95%CI 1.154–1.752), working more than 8 or 11 hours per day for women and men, respectively, and earning over 3500 RMB in women (COR = 1.618, 95%CI 1.137–2.303). Single women and women who had previously resided in three or more cities were more likely to report unhealthy lifestyle (COR = 2.023, 95%CI 1.664–2.461, and COR = 1.311, 95%CI 1.072–1.602, respectively). Abnormal mental status was also correlated with unhealthy lifestyle in men (COR = 3.105, 95%CI 2.454–3.930) and women (COR = 2.566, 95%CI 2.024–3.252). Conclusions There were different risk factors of unhealthy lifestyle score in male and female rural-to-urban migrants, especially in number of cities experienced, salary, marital status, work place scale. Several demographic groups: employment sectors (e.g. hospitality and recreation/leisure), working conditions (e.g. long hours) and abnormal mental status were associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in Chinese rural-to-urban migrants, and health interventions should be targeted to these groups.
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Moreno Velásquez I, Ärnlöv J, Leander K, Lind L, Gigante B, Carlsson AC. Interleukin-8 is associated with increased total mortality in women but not in men-findings from a community-based cohort of elderly. Ann Med 2015; 47:28-33. [PMID: 25302539 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2014.962596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the association among circulating IL-8 and total mortality in a cohort of elderly, and to explore potential sex differences in the observed association. METHODS The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) is a cohort of 70-year-old men and women living in Uppsala, Sweden; baseline period: 2001-2004. IL-8 serum measurements were performed in 1003 participants. RESULTS In total, 61 men and 40 women died during follow-up (median 7.9 years). Baseline IL-8 concentrations were higher in women than in men (P = 0.03). In a multivariable model adjusting for age, established cardiovascular risk factors, and C-reactive protein, log-transformed standard deviation increments in IL-8 levels were weakly associated with an increased risk for total mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.23, P < 0.05) in the whole cohort. Stratified analysis revealed an association in women (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.30, P < 0.01) but not in men (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.76-1.26). CONCLUSIONS A weak association between IL-8 serum levels and an increased risk for mortality was observed. The prospective data support the role of IL-8 as a biomarker of interest; yet, further studies are warranted to elucidate validity of our finding and the possibility of a sex difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilais Moreno Velásquez
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
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Carlsson AC, Ärnlöv J, Sundström J, Michaëlsson K, Byberg L, Lind L. Physical activity, obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged men during a median of 30 years of follow-up. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2015; 23:359-65. [PMID: 25604741 DOI: 10.1177/2047487314568034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate associations between combinations of body mass index (BMI)-categories, levels of physical activity and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease. METHOD AND RESULTS At age 50 years, cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in 2196 participating men of the ULSAM-study. This investigation was repeated at age 60, 70, 77 and 82 years. Being physically active (PA) was defined as three hours of recreational or hard physical training per week. The men were categorized according to BMI/PA-status, as PA/normal weight (n = 593 at baseline), non-PA/normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m(2), n = 580), PA/overweight (n = 418), non-PA/overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m(2), n = 462), PA/obese (n = 62), non-PA/obese (BMI >30 kg/m(2), n = 81). We used updated data on BMI and physical activity obtained at all examinations. During follow-up (median 30 years) 850 individuals suffered a cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke or heart failure). Using updated data on BMI/PA categories, an increased risk for cardiovascular disease was seen with increasing BMI, but a high physical activity was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease within each BMI category: non-PA/normal weight (hazard ratio (HR) 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.66), PA/overweight (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.20-1.94), non-PA/overweight (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.31-2.07) PA/obese (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.44-2.92) and non-PA/obese (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.74-3.29), using PA/normal weight men as referent. CONCLUSIONS Although physical activity was beneficial at all levels of BMI regarding the risk of future cardiovascular disease, there was still a substantial increased risk associated with being overweight or obese during 30 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel C Carlsson
- Centre for Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden Department of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden Uppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Uppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Uppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Wändell PE, Carlsson AC. Gender differences and time trends in incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Sweden--a model explaining the diabetes epidemic worldwide today? Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 106:e90-2. [PMID: 25451899 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gender differences in type 2 diabetes in Sweden were studied based on a literature search. The male predominance in 1940s (male/female ratio 1.2-1.4 in the ages 10-55 years) increased over time especially in the age 45-64 years with a male/female ratio up to 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per E Wändell
- Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Axel C Carlsson
- Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Carlsson AC, Wändell PE, Gigante B, Leander K, Hellénius ML, de Faire U. Response to: Modifiable lifestyle risks, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Int J Cardiol 2014; 173:560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Carlsson AC, Starrin B, Gigante B, Leander K, Hellenius ML, de Faire U. Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:17. [PMID: 24406139 PMCID: PMC3931669 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Financial stress may have adverse health effects. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether having a cash margin and living alone or cohabiting is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS Representative population-based prospective cohort study of 60-year-old women (n = 2065) and men (n = 1939) in Stockholm County, Sweden. National registers were used to identify cases of incident CVD (n = 375) and all-cause mortality (n = 385). The presence of a cash margin was determined in the questionnaire with the following question: Would you, if an unexpected situation occurred, be able to raise 10,000 SEK within a week? (This was equivalent to US$ 1250 in 1998). RESULTS Compared with cohabiting women with a cash margin, the risk of all-cause mortality was higher among cohabiting women without a cash margin, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-3.66). Using cohabiting men with cash margin as referent, single men without a cash margin were at an increased risk of both incident CVD and all-cause mortality: HR 2.84 (95% CI 1.61-4.99) and 2.78 (95% CI 1.69-4.56), respectively. Single men with cash margins still had an increased risk of all-cause mortality when compared with cohabiting men with a cash margin: HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.22-2.28). CONCLUSIONS Financial stress may increase the risks of incident CVD and all-cause mortality, especially among men. Furthermore these risks are likely to be greater in men living in single households and in women without cash margins. Living with a partner seems to protect men, but not women, from ill-health associated with financial stress due to the lack of a cash margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel C Carlsson
- Centre for Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Ahmed HM, Blaha MJ, Blumenthal RS. Modifiable lifestyle risks, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Int J Cardiol 2013; 172:e199-200. [PMID: 24398231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham M Ahmed
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
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Seven modifiable lifestyle factors predict reduced risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality regardless of body mass index: A cohort study. Int J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Carlsson AC, Wändell P, Ösby U, Zarrinkoub R, Wettermark B, Ljunggren G. High prevalence of diagnosis of diabetes, depression, anxiety, hypertension, asthma and COPD in the total population of Stockholm, Sweden - a challenge for public health. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:670. [PMID: 23866784 PMCID: PMC3724714 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited knowledge on the prevalence of disease in total populations. Such studies have historically been difficult to conduct but the development of health data registers has facilitated large-scale studies on recorded diagnoses in entire regions. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of diagnosis of six common diseases in the Swedish capital region. Methods The study population included all living persons who resided in Stockholm County, Sweden, on December 31st 2011 (N = 2 093 717). Information on all consultations between 2007 and 2011 was obtained from primary health care, specialist outpatient care and inpatient care. Prevalence was defined as the proportion of individuals with a recorded diagnosis of diabetes, depression, anxiety disorders, hypertension, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the five year period, respectively. Analyses were done by age and gender. Results Hypertension had the highest five-year prevalence (12.2%), followed by depression (6.6%), diabetes mellitus (6.2%), asthma (5.9%), anxiety disorders/phobia (4.8%), and COPD (1.8%). Diabetes was more common in men (5.3% of women and 7.1% of men) while depression (8.7% in women and 4.4% in men) and anxiety (6.3% in women and 3.4% in men) were considerably more common in women. Smaller gender differences were also found for hypertension (13.0% in women and 11.4% in men), asthma (6.4% in women and 5.4% in men) and COPD (2.1% in women and 1.6% in men). Diabetes, hypertension and COPD increased markedly with age, whereas anxiety, depression and asthma were fairly constant in individuals above 18 years. During one year of observation, more than half of all patients had only been diagnosed in primary health care, with hypertension being the diagnosis with the largest proportion of patients only identified in primary health care (70.6%). Conclusion The prevalence of common diseases in the population can be estimated by combining data gathered during consecutive years from primary care, specialist outpatient care and inpatient care. However, accuracy of disease prevalence is highly dependent on the quality of the data. The high prevalence of the six diagnoses analysed in this study calls for preventive action to minimize suffering and costs to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel C Carlsson
- Centre for Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 12, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
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Percentage of deaths attributable to poor cardiovascular health lifestyle factors: Findings from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 2013. [PMID: 24058738 DOI: 10.1155/2013/437465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the effects of the four newly defined American Heart Association (AHA) lifestyle factors on mortality by examining the associated population attributable fractions (PAFs) of these factors. METHODS Slightly modified AHA cardiovascular health factors (smoking, BMI, cardiorespiratory fitness, and diet) were measured among 11,240 (24% women) participants from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study between 1987 and 1999. The cohort was followed to December 31, 2003 or death. PAFs were calculated as the proportionate reduction in death attributable to identified risk factors. RESULTS During an average 12 years of follow-up, 268 deaths occurred. Low fitness had the highest PAFs at the 5th, 10th, and 15th year of follow-up, respectively: 6.6%, 6.4%, and 5.5%. Current smokers had the second highest PAFs at the 5th, 10th, and 15th year of follow-up, respectively: 5.4%, 5.2%, and 5.0%. Additional adjusting for other confounders in the model did not change the above associations. The PAFs for overweight or obesity and unhealthy diet were not significant in the current analyses. CONCLUSIONS Assuming a causal relationship between smoking, low fitness and mortality, avoidance of both would have prevented 13% of the deaths in the current population. Preventive interventions to increase physical activity and stop smoking would most likely promote longevity.
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Fish intake or omega-3 fatty acids: greater than the sum of all parts? Eur J Epidemiol 2013; 27:891-4. [PMID: 23283593 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-012-9757-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Jaddoe VWV, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, van der Heijden AJ, van Iizendoorn MH, de Jongste JC, van der Lugt A, Mackenbach JP, Moll HA, Raat H, Rivadeneira F, Steegers EAP, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Verhulst FC, Hofman A. The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2012. Eur J Epidemiol 2012. [PMID: 23086283 DOI: 10.1007/s10654‐012‐9735‐1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Generation R Study is a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until adulthood. The study is designed to identify early environmental and genetic causes and causal pathways leading to normal and abnormal growth, development and health during fetal life, childhood and adulthood. The study focuses on six areas of research: (1) maternal health; (2) growth and physical development; (3) behavioural and cognitive development; (4) respiratory health and allergies; (5) diseases in childhood; and (6) health and healthcare for children and their parents. Main exposures of interest include environmental, endocrine, genetic and epigenetic, lifestyle related, nutritional and socio-demographic determinants. In total, n = 9,778 mothers with a delivery date from April 2002 until January 2006 were enrolled in the study. Response at baseline was 61 %, and general follow-up rates until the age of 6 years exceed 80 %. Data collection in mothers, fathers and children include questionnaires, detailed physical and ultrasound examinations, behavioural observations, and biological samples. A genome and epigenome wide association screen is available in the participating children. From the age of 5 years, regular detailed hands-on assessments are performed in a dedicated research center including advanced imaging facilities such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eventually, results forthcoming from the Generation R Study contribute to the development of strategies for optimizing health and healthcare for pregnant women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Transitions among Health States Using 12 Measures of Successful Aging in Men and Women: Results from the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Aging Res 2012. [PMID: 23193476 PMCID: PMC3485538 DOI: 10.1155/2012/243263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Successful aging has many dimensions, which may manifest differently in men and women at different ages. Methods. We characterized one-year transitions among health states in 12 measures of successful aging among adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study. The measures included self-rated health, ADLs, IADLs, depression, cognition, timed walk, number of days spent in bed, number of blocks walked, extremity strength, recent hospitalizations, feelings about life as a whole, and life satisfaction. We dichotomized variables into “healthy” or “sick,” states, and estimated the prevalence of the healthy state and the probability of transitioning from one state to another, or dying, during yearly intervals. We compared men and women and three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and 85–94). Findings. Measures of successful aging showed similar results by gender. Most participants remained healthy even into advanced ages, although health declined for all measures. Recuperation, although less common with age, still occurred frequently. Men had a higher death rate than women regardless of health status, and were also more likely to remain in the healthy state. Discussion. The results suggest a qualitatively different experience of successful aging between men and women. Men did not simply “age faster” than women.
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Jaddoe VWV, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, van der Heijden AJ, van IIzendoorn MH, de Jongste JC, van der Lugt A, Mackenbach JP, Moll HA, Raat H, Rivadeneira F, Steegers EAP, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Verhulst FC, Hofman A. The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2012. Eur J Epidemiol 2012; 27:739-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-012-9735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hofman A, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, Ikram MA, Janssen HLA, Klaver CCW, Kuipers EJ, Nijsten TEC, Stricker BHC, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Witteman JCM. The Rotterdam Study: 2012 objectives and design update. Eur J Epidemiol 2011; 26:657-86. [PMID: 21877163 PMCID: PMC3168750 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, dermatological, oncological, and respiratory diseases. As of 2008, 14,926 subjects aged 45 years or over comprise the Rotterdam Study cohort. The findings of the Rotterdam Study have been presented in over a 1,000 research articles and reports (see www.erasmus-epidemiology.nl/rotterdamstudy ). This article gives the rationale of the study and its design. It also presents a summary of the major findings and an update of the objectives and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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