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James VR, Panchal HJ, Shah AP. Estimation of selected elemental impurities by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) in commercial and fresh fruit juices. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1390. [PMID: 37904047 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the study is the estimation of elemental impurities in selected packaged commercial fruit juices and fresh fruit juices available in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Estimation of seventeen samples (9 commercial fruit juices and 8 fresh fruit juices) was carried out for elemental impurities which include lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, methyl mercury, nickel, chromium, tin, copper, and zinc. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) with microwave-assisted sample digestion was used to determine the element content of samples. The ICP-MS method was confirmed for accuracy by performing validation with validation parameters such as linearity, precision, and accuracy. The method's trueness was confirmed with single-element standards. The results were compared with Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) standards. Arsenic, mercury, methyl mercury, tin, and copper were within permissible limits in all samples of fruit juices. The concentration of lead was found to exceed limits in 5 samples of commercial fruit juices which were 0.07, 0.13, 0.18, 0.21, and 0.38 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of nickel was found to be above permissible limits in 5 samples (1.26, 1.72, 1.95, 3.24, and 4.07 mg/kg) of commercial fruit juices and 6 samples of fresh fruit juices (0.19. 0.21, 0.21, 0.42, 0.66, and 2.42 mg/kg). The concentration of chromium was found to be above permissible limits in 5 samples (3.13, 3.51, 4.29, 5.91, and 6.02 mg/kg) of commercial fruit juices and 6 samples of fresh fruit juices (0.80. 0.88, 0.98, 0.99, 1.16, and 8.95 mg/kg). Health risk assessment was performed for elemental impurities. Target hazard quotient and health risk index for elemental impurities were found to be less than 1 which is considered safe for consumers. Hazard index for elemental impurities was found to be more than 1 in two samples which can cause serious non-carcinogenic risk to consumers. Target carcinogenic risk was found within acceptable levels for all elemental impurities in all samples of fruit juices. Essential elements like copper and zinc are required by the human body for various body functions but heavy metals like lead, arsenic, and cadmium are highly toxic to human beings due to their adverse effects and it needs to be controlled. Lead poses a significant health risk to human health. It is essential to further monitor the levels of elemental impurities on a regular basis in commercial and fresh fruit juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa R James
- Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - Hiral J Panchal
- Shree Swaminarayan Sanskar Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish P Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Olechno E, Puścion-Jakubik A, Soroczyńska J, Socha K, Zujko ME. Are Chokeberry Products Safe for Health? Evaluation of the Content of Contaminants and Health Risk. Foods 2023; 12:3271. [PMID: 37685204 PMCID: PMC10487231 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The health-promoting properties of chokeberry fruit have been confirmed in numerous scientific studies. It has been shown that the consumption of these fruits, due to the high content of bioactive compounds, has beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases, in addition to having hypolipemic, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, different conditions and methods of fruit cultivation, as well as methods of juice and fiber production, may result in a high content of toxic substances, which reduce the health value of chokeberry products. Many substances are environmental pollutants. In this study, for the first time, we examined the content of toxic elements (As, Hg, Cd, Pb), nitrates, and nitrites in all chokeberry juices (organic, conventional, from concentrate, and not from fruit concentrate) without additives and in all chokeberry fibers available in Poland. In addition, risk indicators of adverse health effects were calculated. The median content of the contaminants tested in juices was 0.461 µg/kg for As, 1.170 µg/kg for Cd, 0.427 µg/kg for Hg, 1.404 µg/kg for Pb, 4.892 mg/kg for NO2-, and 41.788 mg/kg for NO3-. These values did not exceed the permissible standards for the calculated indicators. There were also no statistically significant differences in the content of Cd, Hg, and Pb, as well as nitrates (III) and nitrates (V), in the tested juices depending on the method of cultivation and juice production. However, statistically significant differences in As content were found between juices from conventional and organic cultivation (1.032 µg/kg vs. 0.458 µg/kg) and juices from concentrate and not from concentrate (1.164 µg/kg vs. 0.460 µg/kg). There were no statistically significant differences with respect to impurities in fibers. It is shown that the consumption of chokeberry juice and fiber in the amount normally consumed does not pose a health risk associated with the intake of toxic substances; in the case of long-term fiber consumption, the Pb content should be monitored. In particular, organic juices and those not from fruit concentrate are recommended due to the lower As content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olechno
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Jolanta Soroczyńska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland;
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Toxic metals and essential elements contents in fruit juices and other non-alcoholic beverages from local markets in New Orleans, Louisiana. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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4
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Akter S, Fahad SM, Ashrafi SS, Abedin MJ, Jolly YN, Kabir MJ, Rahman MS, Begum BA, Mamun KM, Ali MH. Elemental Analysis of Basella alba, Spinacia oleracea, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.), Ipomoea aquatica, Colocasia esculenta, Amaranthus dubius, and Raphanus sativus Vegetables Using the PIXE Technique in a Saline Region of Bangladesh, Rampal Area. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2999-3008. [PMID: 34363589 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method was used in this present research to identify the elements present in selected vegetable samples to show the possible influence in the metal absorption by the vegetables grown in a saline region of Rampal area of Munshiganj District, Bangladesh. The data acquisition setup is calibrated using a 2.5-MeV proton beam in the current ranges of 5nA to 15nA. The detector was used to measure the X-rays emitted during the irradiation. Data acquisition system MAESTRO-32 was used to measure the spectrum picks, and concentration calculation has been done by GUPIX/DAN-32 software. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of heavy and trace elements in these samples and to give current information on their safety for consumption. The result shows that K, Ca, and Fe have the highest concentrations, while lead exhibits the lowest but alarming rates compared to reference materials. The findings were likened to IAEA-V-10, IAEA-359, SRM 1515 (apple leaf), and SRM 1573a (tomato leaf). The outcomes of the present investigation demonstrate that these samples are not devoid of health risks in intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Akter
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S M Fahad
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Shah Sultan Ashrafi
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M J Abedin
- Accelerator Facilities Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Y N Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M J Kabir
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Safiur Rahman
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bilkis A Begum
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - K M Mamun
- Atmospheric and Environmental Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hazrat Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Alkhatib R, Ataie M. Determination of trace lead and cadmium in canned soft drinks in Syria. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:344-350. [PMID: 33100795 PMCID: PMC7574746 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_357_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Soft drinks are highly consumed in Syria due to their preferable taste, advertisement, and lack of awareness about their harmful effects on the human body. Heavy-metal contamination is one of the top problems associated with the soft drinks industry. In this study, the levels of heavy metals (lead [Pb] and cadmium [Cd]) in carbonated and noncarbonated canned soft drinks in the Syrian market were investigated. The leaching of Pb and Cd in canned drinks was also investigated under different storage conditions. Materials and Methods: Soft drink samples were collected from the Damascus market. The samples were prepared using microwave digestion. All samples were analyzed using the developed and validated atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method. Results and Discussion: All studied samples at all stages of the study were free of Cd. The mean concentration of Pb ranged between 13.76 and 42.12 ppb. Our results showed that the levels of Cd and Pb were in the allowed limits according to Syrian Specification (1992/47) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits. There is no leaching of Pb and Cd in all studied samples under different storage conditions over 1 year of study. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that all samples are following good manufacturing procedure (GMP) and safe to be consumed by costumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racha Alkhatib
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mounir Ataie
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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A revisited FAAS method for very simple and fast determination of total concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in grape juices with sample preparation developed by modeling experimental design and optimization. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Amadi CN, Frazzoli C, Orisakwe OE. Sentinel species for biomonitoring and biosurveillance of environmental heavy metals in Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2020; 38:21-60. [PMID: 32397948 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1714370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nigeria receives copious annual precipitation to nourish its forests and agriculture, it has an extensive river drainage system, and it possesses valuable mineral deposits that stimulate both commercial and artisan mining activities. The combination of these features complicates Nigeria's efforts to produce adequate amounts of healthy foods to support its population. Toxic heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and mercury, and toxic metalloids such as arsenic, are also present in its mineral deposits and they migrate gradually into the soil and water of Nigeria by natural means. However, mining activities can liberate higher levels of toxic metals, which adversely affect Nigerian ecosystems and its food chains. Thus, environmental pollution due to anthropogenic activities is a major public health concern in Nigeria. This review covers the importance of native Nigerian and African wild and cultivated plants along with livestock and wild animals as sentinel species to evaluate heavy metals as environmental stressors and the use of sentinel species for food safety monitoring and for predicting potential risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Chiara Frazzoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Ageing, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Rome, Italy
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Port-Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Shokunbi OS, Adepoju OT, Mojapelo PE, Ramaite ID, Akinyele IO. Copper, manganese, iron and zinc contents of Nigerian foods and estimates of adult dietary intakes. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Pohl P, Dzimitrowicz A, Jamroz P, Greda K. Development and optimization of simplified method of fast sequential HR-CS-FAAS analysis of apple juices on the content of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Na with the aid of response surface methodology. Talanta 2018; 189:182-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Pohl P, Dzimitrowicz A, Jamroz P, Greda K. HR-CS FAAS based method for direct determination of total concentrations of Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn in functional apple beverages and evaluation of contributions of the bioaccessible fraction of these elements by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and chemical fractionation. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Fathabad AE, Shariatifar N, Moazzen M, Nazmara S, Fakhri Y, Alimohammadi M, Azari A, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Determination of heavy metal content of processed fruit products from Tehran's market using ICP- OES: A risk assessment study. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:436-446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Anastácio M, Dos Santos APM, Aschner M, Mateus L. Determination of trace metals in fruit juices in the Portuguese market. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:434-439. [PMID: 29854614 PMCID: PMC5977413 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Validation process for the analysis of metals in fruit juices was implemented. Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Ni and Mn were determined in fruit juices. 62% of the samples had Ni above the maximum permissible values according with the Portuguese legislation. All the samples had Mn above the Portuguese legislation limits. A reduction of metal concentration in Portuguese juices is recommended.
Fruit juices are amongst the most non-alcoholic beverages appreciated and consumed in European countries, including Portugal. These beverages contain minerals, nutrients, trace elements, vitamins and phytochemicals, which are essential for a healthy life. However, fruit juices may also contain high levels of metals, posing a health risk to humans, especially to children, since they consume more fruit juice per body weight unit, and have a less varied diet than adults. Thus, in order to guarantee food safety and to make sound nutritional considerations, fruit juices require careful investigation. The main purpose of this study was to determine arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) concentrations in 21 fruit juices from 4 different brands, previously selected by the ASAE (Portuguese Food and Economic Safety Authority), and available in the Portuguese market. Results obtained were compared with permissible levels set out by WHO (World Health Organization), USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), by the Portuguese law, and with similar studies performed in other countries. A validation process, including linearity, range, analytical thresholds, precision, accuracy and specificity/selectivity was conducted in order to guarantee reliable analytical data. The results showed that As levels in four samples, Ni in thirteen samples and Mn in all the twenty-one samples, were above the maximal permissible values specified by Decree-Law 306/2007 from 27th August of the Portuguese Legislation. These data establish the need for reduction of metal concentrations in consumed juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Anastácio
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A P Marreilha Dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Luísa Mateus
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Gómez-Nieto B, Gismera MJ, Sevilla MT, Procopio JR. Determination of essential elements in beverages, herbal infusions and dietary supplements using a new straightforward sequential approach based on flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Food Chem 2017; 219:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Li Y, Guo Y, Liu C, Wang W, Rao P, Fu C, Wang S. SPA Combined with Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithms for Wavelength Variable Selection to Rapidly Discriminate the Adulteration of Apple Juice. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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"Manganese-induced neurotoxicity: a review of its behavioral consequences and neuroprotective strategies". BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 17:57. [PMID: 27814772 PMCID: PMC5097420 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-016-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential heavy metal. However, Mn’s nutritional aspects are paralleled by its role as a neurotoxicant upon excessive exposure. In this review, we covered recent advances in identifying mechanisms of Mn uptake and its molecular actions in the brain as well as promising neuroprotective strategies. The authors focused on reporting findings regarding Mn transport mechanisms, Mn effects on cholinergic system, behavioral alterations induced by Mn exposure and studies of neuroprotective strategies against Mn intoxication. We report that exposure to Mn may arise from environmental sources, occupational settings, food, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), methcathinone drug abuse or even genetic factors, such as mutation in the transporter SLC30A10. Accumulation of Mn occurs mainly in the basal ganglia and leads to a syndrome called manganism, whose symptoms of cognitive dysfunction and motor impairment resemble Parkinson’s disease (PD). Various neurotransmitter systems may be impaired due to Mn, especially dopaminergic, but also cholinergic and GABAergic. Several proteins have been identified to transport Mn, including divalent metal tranporter-1 (DMT-1), SLC30A10, transferrin and ferroportin and allow its accumulation in the central nervous system. Parallel to identification of Mn neurotoxic properties, neuroprotective strategies have been reported, and these include endogenous antioxidants (for instance, vitamin E), plant extracts (complex mixtures containing polyphenols and non-characterized components), iron chelating agents, precursors of glutathione (GSH), and synthetic compounds that can experimentally afford protection against Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Fahad SM, Islam AFMM, Ahmed M, Uddin N, Alam MR, Alam MF, Khalik MF, Hossain MS, Hossain ML, Abedin MJ. Determination of Elemental Composition of Malabar spinach, Lettuce, Spinach, Hyacinth Bean, and Cauliflower Vegetables Using Proton Induced X-Ray Emission Technique at Savar Subdistrict in Bangladesh. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:128256. [PMID: 26229953 PMCID: PMC4503553 DOI: 10.1155/2015/128256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of 18 different elements (K, Ca, Fe, Cl, P, Zn, S, Mn, Ti, Cr, Rb, Co, Br, Sr, Ru, Si, Ni, and Cu) were analyzed in five selected vegetables through Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. The objective of this study was to provide updated information on concentrations of elements in vegetables available in the local markets at Savar subdistrict in Bangladesh. These elements were found in varying concentrations in the studied vegetables. The results also indicated that P, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn were found in all vegetables. Overall, K and Ca exhibited the highest concentrations. Cu and Ni exhibited the lowest concentrations in vegetables. The necessity of these elements was also evaluated, based on the established limits of regulatory standards. The findings of this study suggest that the consumption of these vegetables is not completely free of health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Fahad
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mahiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaul Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ferdous Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Farhan Khalik
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sazzad Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Joynal Abedin
- Accelerator Facilities Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka (AECD), Bangladesh
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Kılıç S, Yenisoy-Karakaş S, Kılıç M. Metal Contamination in Fruit Juices in Turkey: Method Validation and Uncertainty Budget. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Akinyele IO, Shokunbi OS. Concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni in selected Nigerian tubers, legumes and cereals and estimates of the adult daily intakes. Food Chem 2014; 173:702-8. [PMID: 25466079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the levels of microminerals (manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr)) and heavy metals (cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni)) in some tubers, legumes and cereals obtained from the markets in Abeokuta city, South-West Nigeria. The food samples were digested by dry ashing procedure and their minerals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results show mean values of 1.67-32.00, 7.25-61.58, 1.59-10.56, 6.65-46.99, 0.02-0.58, <0.01-0.09, <0.08, and 0.06-0.14 mg/kg for Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni respectively. The levels of these metals in all the samples analysed were within the ranges reported for similar tubers, legumes and cereals from various parts of the world. The daily intakes of the metals through tubers, legumes and cereals were found to be lower than the provisional tolerable daily intakes proposed by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Akinyele
- University of Ibadan, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Human Nutrition, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - O S Shokunbi
- Babcock University, Benjamin Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ogun State, Nigeria.
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Tvermoes BE, Banducci AM, Devlin KD, Kerger BD, Abramson MM, Bebenek IG, Monnot AD. Screening level health risk assessment of selected metals in apple juice sold in the United States. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 71:42-50. [PMID: 24882758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Concerns have recently been raised about the presence of metals in apple juices. As such, the concentration of aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), and zinc (Zn) were measured in six commercially available brands of apple juice and three organic brands. The concentrations of total As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and Zn in all nine apple juice brands sampled were below each metal's respective U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maximum contaminant level for bottled water. However, in some apple juices the levels of Al, Pb, and Mn exceeded FDA maximum contaminant levels for bottled water. Therefore, a screening level risk assessment was carried out to assess the potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks that may result from metal exposure via apple juice consumption. Changes in blood Pb concentrations were also estimated to characterize potential risk from Pb exposure. Our results suggest that the exposure concentrations of the studied metals do not pose an increased non-carcinogenic risk (Hazard Index<1). Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) resulting from apple juice consumption was also estimated using both the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) and the U.S. EPA cancer slope factor for inorganic As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Tvermoes
- Cardno ChemRisk, 4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 West, Boulder, CO 80301, United States.
| | - Amber M Banducci
- Cardno ChemRisk, 4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 West, Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Kathryn D Devlin
- Cardno ChemRisk, 4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 West, Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Brent D Kerger
- Cardno ChemRisk, 130 Vantis Suite 170, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, United States
| | - Mathew M Abramson
- Cardno ChemRisk, 20 Stanwix St., Suite 505, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, United States
| | - Ilona G Bebenek
- Cardno ChemRisk, 130 Vantis Suite 170, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, United States
| | - Andrew D Monnot
- Cardno ChemRisk, 101 2nd St. Suite 700, San Francisco, CA 94105, United States
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Haider W, Delahaie S, Saint-Clair JF, Hayat A, Barillier D, Ledauphin J. Physicochemical characterization of Pommeau de Normandie: establishing a relationship between metal contents and turbidity of the Pommeau samples. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yin P, Qu R, Liu X, Dong X, Xu Q. Analysis of lead in beverage juice using mesoporous cadmium phosphate as a solid phase adsorbent. Food Chem 2014; 148:307-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Analysis of mineral and heavy metal content of some commercial fruit juices by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:215423. [PMID: 24453811 PMCID: PMC3881688 DOI: 10.1155/2013/215423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of potentially toxic elements and compounds in foodstuffs is of intense public interest and thus requires rapid and accurate methods to determine the levels of these contaminants. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the determination of metals and nonmetals in fruit juices. In this study, 21 commercial fruit juices (apple, peach, apricot, orange, kiwi, pear, pineapple, and multifruit) present on Romanian market were investigated from the heavy metals and mineral content point of view by ICP-MS. Our obtained results were compared with those reported in literature and also with the maximum admissible limit in drinking water by USEPA and WHO. For Mn the obtained values exceeded the limits imposed by these international organizations. Co, Cu, Zn, As, and Cd concentrations were below the acceptable limit for drinking water for all samples while the concentrations of Ni and Pb exceeded the limits imposed by USEPA and WHO for some fruit juices. The results obtained in this study are comparable to those found in the literature.
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Xu M, Yin P, Liu W, Liu C, Tang Q, Qu R, Xu Q. Facile Ionic-Liquid-Assisted Synthesis of Nanopowder Ammonium Cadmium Phosphate with Highly Efficient Lead-Ion Removal from Glucose Solution. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie401727w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yin
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Chunping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Rongjun Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, P. R. China
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Soylak M, Cihan Z, Yilmaz E. Heavy metal contents of organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples from Kayseri, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:2577-2583. [PMID: 22736211 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples bought at organic markets in Kayseri, Turkey have been analyzed for their trace element contents. In the determinations, flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) was used. This pilot study is the first to be performed for organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples from Kayseri, Turkey. The copper, iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations were found to be 1.6-15.5, 10.3-144, 23.0-211, and 23.3-91.6 μg/g, respectively. The cobalt, lead, cadmium, chromium, and nickel concentrations in all analyzed organic fruit samples were below the quantification limits of FAAS. SRM 1570A spinach leaves and SRM 1515 apple leaves were used to check the accuracy of the procedure. The results for the dried fruit samples found in this work were compared with the values from some studies from the world. The results found in the presented work may also be useful for future studies about organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Soylak
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Bragança VLC, Melnikov P, Zanoni LZ. Trace elements in fruit juices. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 146:256-61. [PMID: 22068730 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fruit juices are widely consumed in tropical countries as part of habitual diet. The concentrations of several minerals in these beverages were evaluated. Four commercially available brands of juices were analyzed for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, aluminum, iron, chromium, manganese, and molybdenum. The levels ranged from 0.02 to 0.08 mg/L for copper, from 0.05 to 0.23 mg/L for zinc, from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/L for aluminum, from 0.02 to 0.45 mg/L for iron, and from 0.01 to 0.22 mg/L for manganese. The levels of cadmium, lead, and chromium in all samples were very low or undetectable. The metal contents of fruit juices depend on a number of factors, including the soil composition, the external conditions during fruit growing and fruit harvesting, as well as on details of the fruit juice manufacturing processes employed. The concentrations of none of the metals in juice samples analyzed exceeded the limits imposed by local legislation.
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Wu Z, Cheng Z, Ma W. Adsorption of Pb(II) from glucose solution on thiol-functionalized cellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 104:807-809. [PMID: 22130077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Absorbent cotton, wood sawdust, buckwheat hull were thiol-functionalized to facilitate selective adsorption of Pb(II) from glucose solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis confirmed the formation of S-H modifications. While unmodified absorbent cotton had a Pb(II) adsorption capacity of 10.78 mg/g, thiol-modified absorbent cotton was able to adsorb 28.67 mg/g at optimum pH 6.0. The Pb(II) adsorption capacity increased as the concentration of Pb(II) or glucose increased without loss of glucose during the adsorption process. Wood sawdust and buckwheat hull exhibited greater Pb(II) uptake both before and after modification (wood sawdust: 17.03 mg/g and 43.14 mg/g, buckwheat hull: 34.06 mg/g and 44.84 mg/g), because these cellulosic biomass contained more helpful functional groups for metal binding. The results suggested that modified cellulosic biomass might be a promising adsorbent for heavy metal ion uptake in beverage industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, PR China.
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Olusegun AO, Olalekan OM, Oladipo OJ. Sediment load and bioconcentration of heavy metals by shrimp (Peaneus notalis) from Epe Lagoon, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 163:295-301. [PMID: 19267208 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In many developing countries, surface waters, especially rivers and lagoons, have become deposition sites for all sorts of wastes. Three sampling sites located trigonally on Epe lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria were identified, and water, sediment, and commonly farmed shrimp, Peaneus notalis, were sampled and assessed for heavy metal concentrations. Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Mn were determined in the aqua regia digests of the samples by means of Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 200 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metals occurred above detection limits at all sites. The highest load of these trace elements was found in sediment samples followed by the water samples. The levels observed in the shrimp samples, however, were much lower than WHO levels. In the distribution, zinc was the highest metal found in the samples ranging from 17.94 +/- 2.60 mg/L in water to 37.85 +/- 9.35 microg/g in sediments. The least was Cd 0.03 +/- 0.01 mg/L in water and 0.28 +/- 0.04 microg/g in sediments. Lead was the most widely varied metal in shrimp with a 84.38% coefficient of variation. Apart from Cr, the metals appeared to be fairly and evenly distributed in the sediment, with coefficient of variation ranging from 14.29% (Cd) to 24.76% (Mn) The variations were between 14.49% (Zn) and 66.67% (Cr) in the water samples. The paired t test carried out between water and sediment, water and shrimp, and shrimp and sediment was significant at p = 0.05. Three-factor analysis of variance did not reveal any significant difference in metal burdens among the trigonally located sites under investigation. Shrimp samples showed evidence of bioaccumulation but are still below internationally established levels.
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