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Xiongyi M, Longli C, Yupei H, Jing A, Tiantian X, Wei B, Xingyou C, Xiangen L, Yincai X. The variations of heavy metals sources varied their aggregated concentration and health risk in sediments of karst rivers - A case study in Liujiang River Basin, Southwest China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116171. [PMID: 38401390 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The sources and health risk variation of heavy metals (HMs) in sediments of Liujiang River Basin were investigated seasonally to clear the control of HMs contamination in karst rivers. The results revealed the exogenous input of HMs should be more prominent in wet season, due to the higher concentration and EF values. PMF identified HMs were mainly from natural, mining and industrial sources. The input of exogenous HMs were influenced by mining and industrial sources in wet season, but primarily by industrial sources in dry season. HI values were overall below 1, suggesting the relatively low non-carcinogenic risk. The TCR values of HMs were generally beyond 10-6, particularly those of As and Cr even exceeded 10-4 for children, which expressed a high carcinogenic risk. The sources components of As and Cr suggested preventing the migration of mining contaminants and limiting industrial emission should be essential to Liujiang River Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiongyi
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chen Longli
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Hao Yupei
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - An Jing
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xu Tiantian
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Bao Wei
- School of Geography and Environmental Science & School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chen Xingyou
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Liao Xiangen
- Department of Modern Engineering, Anshun Technical College, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Xie Yincai
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China.
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Distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water in the coal mining area of northern Shaanxi, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50496-50508. [PMID: 36795203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the spatial distribution, pollution source, and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Kuye River, which is a typical river in the mining area of China, 16 priority PAHs were quantitatively detected at 59 sampling sites by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-fluorescence detector. The results showed that the ∑PAHs concentrations in the Kuye River were in the range of 50.06-278.16 ng/L. The PAHs monomer concentrations were in the range 0-121.22 ng/L, of which chrysene had the highest average concentration (36.58 ng/L), followed by benzo[a]anthracene and phenanthrene. In addition, the 4-ring PAHs showed the highest relative abundance in the 59 samples, ranging from 38.59 to 70.85%. Moreover, the highest concentrations of PAHs were mainly observed in coal mining, industrial, and densely populated areas. On the other hand, according to the diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, it can be concluded that coking/petroleum sources, coal combustion, vehicle emission, and fuel-wood combustion contributed to the PAHs concentrations in the Kuye River by 37.91%, 36.31%, 13.93%, and 11.85%, respectively. In addition, the results of the ecological risk assessment indicated that benzo[a]anthracene had a high ecological risk. Among the 59 sampling sites, only 12 belong to low ecological risk areas, and others were at medium to high ecological risks. The current study provides data support and a theoretical basis to effectively manage pollution sources and ecological environment treatment in mining areas.
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Liu Q, Wu P, Zhou P, Luo P. Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetable Oils and Frying Oils by Using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) and the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) Approach in China. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040811. [PMID: 36832888 PMCID: PMC9956083 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 139 vegetable oils and 48 frying oils produced in China were tested for the levels of 15 Environmental Protection Agency-regulated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The analysis was completed by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were ranged between 0.2-0.3 and 0.6-1 μg/kg, respectively. The average recovery was 58.6-90.6%. The highest mean of total PAHs was found in peanut oil (3.31 μg/kg), while the lowest content was found in olive oil (0.39 μg/kg). In brief, 32.4% of vegetable oils exceeded the European Union maximum levels in China. The detected level of total PAHs in vegetable oils was lower than the frying oils. The mean dietary exposure to PAH15 ranged from 0.197 to 2.051 ng BaPeq/kg bw/day. The margin of exposure values was greater than 10,000, and the cumulative probabilities of the incremental lifetime cancer risk of different age groups were less than the priority risk level (10-4). Therefore, there was no potential health concern for specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Pinggu Wu
- Zhe Jiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Pingping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Pengjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-52165432; Fax: +86-10-52165485
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Yu S, Zhang W, Miao X, Wang Y, Fu R. Spatial Distribution, Source Analysis and Health Risk Study of Heavy Metals in the Liujiang River Basin in Different Seasons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15435. [PMID: 36497508 PMCID: PMC9738270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Three high-frequency sampling and monitoring experiments were performed at the Lutang and Luowei transects of the Liujiang River entrance and at the southeast exit of the Liuzhou during 2019 for the purpose of assessing physico-chemical variables and human health hazards of water heavy metals in different rainfall processes. There were significant seasonal variations in concentrations of 11 heavy metals and most variables showed higher levels during the dry season. The distribution of heavy metals in the Liuzhou area varied significantly by region. Pollution source analysis indicated distinct seasons of wetness and dryness. The dry season is dominated by anthropogenic activities, while the wet season is dominated by natural processes. The results of hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) analysis showed that the health risk of non-carcinogenic heavy metals in the wet season is slightly higher than that in the dry season. Seasonal changes in carcinogenic risk are the opposite; this is due to the combined influence of natural and human activities on the concentration of heavy metals in the river. Among them, Al was the most important pollutant causing non-carcinogenic, with As being a significant contributor to carcinogenic health risk. Spatially, the downstream Luowei transect has a high health risk in both the dry and rainy seasons, probably due to the fact that the Luowei transect is located within a major industrial area in the study area. There are some input points for industrial effluent discharge in the area. Therefore, high-frequency monitoring is essential to analyze and reduce the heavy metal concentrations in the Liujiang River during dry and wet seasons in order to protect the health of the residents in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiongyi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rongjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Peng C, He Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Wan X, Wang M, Chen W. Estimating accumulation rates and health risks of PAHs in residential soils of metropolitan cities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115699. [PMID: 35841779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting temporal changes in PAH concentrations in urban soils and their corresponding health risk is essential for developing appropriate management measures to prevent those risks. Concentrations of PAHs in soils of residential areas with different building ages in three metropolitan cities were determined to estimate the accumulation rates of PAHs in soil. The mean concentrations of total PAHs (∑PAHs) were 1297 ng/g in Shanghai, 865 ng/g in Beijing, and 228 ng/g in Shenzhen. The primary sources of the PAHs were traffic and coal combustion for industrial activity and space heating. The high PAH concentrations in Shanghai were attributed to the relatively high average building age of the sampled residential areas and the low annual temperature in the city. The overall annual accumulation rates of PAHs in the soils were estimated from linear regressions between the PAH concentrations and building age of the residential areas. The annual accumulation rate of PAHs in the soils was 64.7 ng/g in Beijing, 24.2 ng/g in Shanghai, and 3.3 ng/g in Shenzhen. The higher rate in Beijing was due to the higher intensity of PAH emissions and the lower temperature. The regression estimations suggest that health risks posed by PAHs in residential soils of the metropolitan cities increase considerably with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Yalei He
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xinxing Wan
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Meie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Weiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
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Ren H, Su P, Kang W, Ge X, Ma S, Shen G, Chen Q, Yu Y, An T. Heterologous spatial distribution of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the primary influencing factors in three industrial parks. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119912. [PMID: 35961570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated from industrial processes are highly spatially heterologous, with limited quantitative studies on their main influencing factors. The present study evaluated the soil PAHs in three types of industrial parks (a petrochemical industrial park, a brominated flame retardant manufacturing park, and an e-waste dismantling park) and their surroundings. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the parks were 340-2.43 × 103, 26.2-2.63 × 103, and 394-2.01 × 104 ng/g, which were significantly higher than those in the surrounding areas by 1-2 orders of magnitude, respectively. The highest soil PAH contamination was observed in the e-waste dismantling park. Nap can be considered as characteristic pollutant in the petrochemical industrial park, while Phe in the flame retardant manufacturing park and e-waste dismantling park. Low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings) predominated in the petrochemical industrial park (73.0%) and the surrounding area of brominated flame retardant manufacturing park (80.3%). However, high molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings) were enriched in the other sampling sites, indicating distinct sources and determinants of soil PAHs. Source apportionment results suggested that PAHs in the parks were mainly derived from the leakage of petroleum products in the petroleum manufacturing process and pyrolysis or combustion of fossil fuels. Contrarily, the PAHs in the surrounding areas could have been derived from the historical coal combustion and traffic emissions. Source emissions, wind direction, and local topography influenced the PAH spatial distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Ren
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Peixin Su
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wei Kang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiang Ge
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Yu M, Hu L, Zeng T, Liu L, Wang L, Deng L, Li X, Liu P, Zeng D, Mei S. Biological monitoring and health assessment of 21 metal(loid)s in children and adolescents in Liuzhou City, Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18689-18701. [PMID: 34697710 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metal(loid)s is associated with adverse effects on human health, especially for children and adolescents. This study was designed to evaluate metal(loid)s exposure in 2050 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years from Liuzhou City, Southwest China. The detection rates of 21 elements were all above 99%. We found that age was an important predictor for most elements, and that children exhibited more exposure than adolescents, expect for strontium (p < 0.05). Interestingly, urinary levels were higher in girls for 13 of our study elements. Multiple regression models also showed that dietary habits also affected the distribution of elements. Moreover, we estimated exposure risk by generating the hazard quotient (HQ) for single metal and the hazard index (HI) for the co-occurrence of metals. The HQ of cadmium was > 1 at the P95 value and that the risk of the mixed effect of cadmium, mercury, and thallium was not negligible, and indicated that the associated risk was of concern. Our results provide basic data on the reference values of urinary metal(loid) levels and an assessment of health risks for children and adolescents that reside in industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, Guangxi, China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liangqiong Deng
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, Guangxi, China
| | - Dingyuan Zeng
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, Guangxi, China.
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Miao X, Hao Y, Liu H, Xie Z, Miao D, He X. Effects of heavy metals speciations in sediments on their bioaccumulation in wild fish in rivers in Liuzhou-A typical karst catchment in southwest China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112099. [PMID: 33714139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although fish are widely confirmed to be susceptible to heavy metals (HMs) contamination in sediments, this bioconversion haven't been detailed. This is especially the case in karst areas, where HMs are less stably retained in the sediments and are more bioavailable. Therefore, we surveyed representative karst rivers in Liuzhou, China, in order to study the relationship between the speciations of seven HMs in the sediments with their bioaccumulation in wild fish. The results showed that the HMs in sediments are all below their permissible exposure limit (PEL), but Cd and Zn are significantly higher than soil basline. Most HMs are in residual fraction, while their exchangeable fractions are present in extremely low proportions. The concentration of Zn, Cr and Cd in some fish are above their maximum recommended limit (MRL). The concentrations of most of the HMs in the fish are significantly correlated with the levels in the sediments and given the higher correlation coefficients for their carbonate-bound phase, this phase can be seen to play a critical role in HMs bioconversion. However, the presence of this phase in low proportions enables other phases, especially oxidizable form, to play a greater role in HMs bioaccumulation. Apart from Do, HMs in the fish samples are significantly correlated with multiple environmental factors, demonstrating environmental fluctuations can manipulate HMs bioconversion from sediments; however, their significance depend heavily on the proportion of particular species. HMs in reducible and oxidizable fraction are more important in regulating, rather than promoting, their bioconversion during environmental fluctuations. Fluctuations in EC, TDS and pH can increase the impacts of HMs in carbonate-bound fraction on their bioconversion. Given the higher background values of EC and TDS and lower pH values during the monsoon period, careful attention should be paid to the increased bioconversion of HMs in karst rivers during this season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongyi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Yupei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Zhouqing Xie
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Dan Miao
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Bioengineering Institute, Wuhan 430415, China.
| | - Xudong He
- The Second Engineering Investigation Institute of Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Zunyi 563000, China.
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The Variation of Heavy Metals Bioavailability in Sediments of Liujiang River Basin, SW China Associated to Their Speciations and Environmental Fluctuations, a Field Study in Typical Karstic River. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083986. [PMID: 33920105 PMCID: PMC8069464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs) in sediments is closely related to the security of the aquatic environment, but their impacts are poorly researched, particularly in karstic rivers. Therefore, Liujiang River Basin was taken as an example in this study. Seven HMs were analyzed to determine the bioavailability and speciations of HMs in sediments. Moreover, the impacts of environmental factors on HMs were identified. The obtained results suggested that HMs in the sediments are all within their permissible exposure limit (PEL), but Cd and Zn are significantly higher than the soil baseline. Most HMs were found to be in a residual fraction, while their exchangeable fraction was found to be in an extremely low ratio. HMs in bioavailable parts are significantly higher than in the exchangeable and carbonate-bound phases but lower than in the non-residual phase, which demonstrated that HM bioavailability is not confined to the exchangeable and carbonate-bound phases. The correlation coefficients commonly decreased with decreasing speciation ratios, which suggested that the overall bioavailability of metals should be determined by speciation ratios instead of speciations themselves. Noteworthily, most HMs in the residual form were found to be significantly correlated with their overall bioavailability, which highlighted the potential bioavailability of residual form. The non-correlations between pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and HM bioavailability suggested that HMs in the carbonate-bound phase are stable and unsusceptible to environmental variations, while the significant correlations between redox potential (Eh), turbidity, organic matter (OM), main grain size (Mz), and HM bioavailability suggested that HMs in the reducible and oxidizable forms are susceptible to environmental fluctuations. Therefore, the variation of HM bioavailability in karstic rivers is largely regulated by their reducible and oxidizable forms instead of their carbonate-bound form.
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Fedorenko AG, Chernikova N, Minkina T, Sushkova S, Dudnikova T, Antonenko E, Fedorenko G, Bauer T, Mandzhieva S, Barbashev A. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene toxicity on morphology and ultrastructure of Hordeum sativum. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1551-1562. [PMID: 32596781 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been devoted to investigation of toxic benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) compound, but studies involving changes at the cellular level are insufficient to understand the mechanisms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) effect on plants. To study the toxicity of BaP, a model vegetation experiment was conducted on cultivation of spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) on artificially polluted BaP soil at different concentrations. The article discusses the intake of BaP from the soil into the plant and its effect on the organismic and cellular levels of plant organization. The BaP content in the organs of spring barley was determined by the method of saponification. With an increase in the concentration of BaP in the soil, its content in plants also rises, which leads to inhibition of growth processes. The BaP content in the green part of Hordeum sativum increased from 0.3 µg kg-1 in control soil up to 2.6 µg kg-1 and 16.8 µg kg-1 under 20 and 400 ng/g BaP applying in soil, as well as in roots: 0.9 µg kg-1, 7.7 µg kg-1, 42.8 µg kg-1, respectively. Using light and electron microscopy, changes in the tissues and cells of plants were found and it was established that accumulation of BaP in plant tissues caused varying degrees of ultrastructural damage depending on the concentration of pollutant. BaP had the greatest effect on the root, significant changes were found in it both at histological and cytological levels, while changes in the leaves were observed only at the cytological level. The results provide significant information about the mechanism of action of BaP on agricultural plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei G Fedorenko
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
- Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | | | - Tatiana Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Elena Antonenko
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Grigorii Fedorenko
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
- Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Bauer
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
- Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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Li J, Miao X, Hao Y, Xie Z, Zou S, Zhou C. Health Risk Assessment of Metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Hg, Se) in Angling Fish with Different Lengths Collected from Liuzhou, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072192. [PMID: 32218283 PMCID: PMC7177457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wild fish caught by anglers (WFAs) were confirmed to be usually contaminated with metals, and the contamination status is radically affected by the growth and length of the fish. To determine the contamination levels of metals and health risks in WFAs with different length ranges of fish, this study ascertained the concentration of eight metals, including Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Hg and Se, in 171 wild fishes collected from the watershed of Liujiang River. The assessment of metal pollution and health risks from the consumption of these fishes with seven length ranges were accomplished. The obtained results implied a relatively high concentration of Zn, Cr, and Cd up to 109.294 mg/kg, 4.226 mg/kg, and 0.196 mg/kg (wet weight), respectively, which exceed the corresponding Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). The negative correlation between Cu, Zn, Cr, and Cd was observed to be significant with fish length, signifying a possible occurrence of biological dilution on these metals. The WFAs were mostly contaminated with Cr and Cd irrespective of the length ranges of fish, which were denoted by the average pollution index (Pi) of Cr and Cd and were commonly found to be beyond 0.2. Based on the results of health risk assessment analysis, most of the target hazard quotient (THQ) values of Cr were below 1, implying that the consumption of wild fish for adults has insignificant health risk. For children, the total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) values of beyond 1 were found in fishes with the length range of <25 cm, particularly a TTHQ value 1.627 in the range of 10–15 cm, indicating that children are being prone to serious health risks owing to the consumption of WFAs. The weekly recommended consumption of WFAs with the length range of 10–15 cm for adults and children was 0.298 kg/week and 0.149 kg/week, respectively. These are substantially lower than the current rate of fish consumption (0.42 kg/week), and therefore, the wild fish with the length range of 10–15 cm should be avoided for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Xiongyi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yupei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.H.)
| | - Zhouqing Xie
- Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
| | - Shengzheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.)
| | - Changsong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.)
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12
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Miao X, Hao Y, Tang X, Xie Z, Liu L, Luo S, Huang Q, Zou S, Zhang C, Li J. Analysis and health risk assessment of toxic and essential elements of the wild fish caught by anglers in Liuzhou as a large industrial city of China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125337. [PMID: 31739255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most wild fish caught by anglers (WFAs) are likely to be contaminated by toxic metals, particularly the fish collected from the waterways in urban and suburban areas; hence, the determination of health risk caused by WFAs consumption associated with toxic metals is vital. Therefore, Liuzhou, one of the largest industrial cities in China, was considered as an example city in this study. Eight toxic elements were analysed to uncover the pollution status and consumption safety of WFAs. Moreover, the suitable angling waterways were identified in the urban and suburban areas. The obtained results suggested relatively high concentrations of Zn, Cr and Cd, which were also found to be beyond corresponding Maximum Residue Limit. Among all analysed elements, only the mean pollution indices of Cr and Cd were observed to be beyond 0.2, revealing that the observed WFAs were generally contaminated by these metals. However, the potential health risk of WFAs can be predominately attributed to Cr, confirmed by the significantly higher Target hazard quotients (THQ). For adults, all the THQ values were below 1, indicating no significant health risk being associated with WFAs consumption in the case of adults. On the contrary, all the THQ values for Children were beyond 1, suggesting children being susceptible to great health risks due to WFAs consumption. Furthermore, the weekly recommended consumption of WFAs in urban area is remarkably lower than the current rate of fish consumption observed among urban residents; therefore, the waterways in urban areas can be evaded for fish angling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongyi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China; Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Yupei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Xing Tang
- Hunan Geological Testing Institute, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Zhouqing Xie
- Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Hunan Geological Testing Institute, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Shuwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qibo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Shengzhang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Chunlai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Institute of Krast Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China
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Han J, Liang Y, Zhao B, Wang Y, Xing F, Qin L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) geographical distribution in China and their source, risk assessment analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:312-327. [PMID: 31091495 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In China, the huge amounts of energy consumption caused severe carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) concentration in the soil and ambient air. This paper summarized that the references published in 2008-2018 and suggested that biomass, coal and vehicular emissions were categorized as major sources of PAHs in China. In 2016, the emitted PAHs in China due to the incomplete combustion of fuel was about 32720 tonnes, and the contribution of the emission sources was the sequence: biomass combustion > residential coal combustion > vehicle > coke production > refine oil > power plant > natural gas combustion. The total amount of PAHs emission in China at 2016 was significantly decreased due to the decrease of the proportion of crop resides burning (indoor and open burning). The geographical distribution of PAHs concentration demonstrated that PAHs concentration in the urban soil is 0.092-4.733 μg/g. At 2008-2012, the serious PAHs concentration in the urban soil occurred in the eastern China, which was shifted to western China after 2012. The concentration of particulate and gaseous PAHs in China is 1-151 ng/m3 and 1.08-217 ng/m3, respectively. The concentration of particle-bound PAHs in the southwest and eastern region are lower than that in north and central region of China. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) analysis demonstrates that ILCR in the soil and ambient air in China is below the acceptable cancer risk level of 10-6 recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which mean that there is a low potential PAHs carcinogenic risk for the soil and ambient air in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China; Hubei Provincial Industrial Safety Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Yangshuo Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Futang Xing
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Linbo Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China.
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