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Roos PM, Wärmländer SKTS. Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis (hATTR) with Polyneuropathy Clusters Are Located in Ancient Mining Districts: A Possible Geochemical Origin of the Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:652. [PMID: 38927056 PMCID: PMC11202025 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) with polyneuropathy (formerly known as Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP)) is an endemic amyloidosis involving the harmful aggregation of proteins, most commonly transthyretin (TTR) but sometimes also apolipoprotein A-1 or gelsolin. hATTR appears to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Over 100 point mutations have been identified, with the Val30Met substitution being the most common. Yet, the mechanism of pathogenesis and the overall origin of hATTR remain unclear. Here, we argue that hATTR could be related to harmful metal exposure. hATTR incidence is unevenly distributed globally, and the three largest defined clusters exist in Japan, Portugal, and Sweden. All three disease regions are also ancient mining districts with associated metal contamination of the local environment. There are two main mechanisms for how harmful metals, after uptake into tissues and body fluids, could induce hATTR. First, the metals could directly influence the expression, function, and/or aggregation of the proteins involved in hATTR pathology. Such metal-protein interactions might constitute molecular targets for anti-hATTR drug design. Second, metal exposure could induce hATTR -associated genetic mutations, which may have happened several generations ago. These two mechanisms can occur in parallel. In conclusion, the possibility that hATTR could be related to metal exposure in geochemically defined regions deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per M. Roos
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, St. Göran Hospital University Unit, 11281 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian K. T. S. Wärmländer
- Chemistry Section, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- CellPept Sweden AB, Kvarngatan 10B, 11847 Stockholm, Sweden
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Huang J, Gotoh T, Nakai S, Ueda A. Functional Hydrogels Promote Vegetable Growth in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. Gels 2024; 10:348. [PMID: 38786265 PMCID: PMC11121211 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the concentration of cadmium in soil has increased due to industrialization. Cadmium in the soil enters the human body through plant accumulation, seriously endangering human health. In the current study, two types of hydrogels were successfully synthesized using a free radical polymerization method: an ion-type hydrogel referred to as DMAPAA (N-(3-(Dimethyl amino) propyl) acrylamide)/DMAPAAQ (N,N-Dimethyl amino propyl acrylamide, methyl chloride quaternary) and a non-ion-type hydrogel known as DMAA (N,N-Dimethylacrylamide). In the experiment carried out in this study, the ion-type hydrogel DMAPAA/DMAPAAQ was introduced to cadmium-contaminated soil for vegetable cultivation. The study found that at cadmium levels of 0 and 2 mg/kg in soil, when exposed to a pH 2 solution, cadmium wasn't detected in the filtrate using ICP. As the amount of cadmium increased to 500 mg/kg, hydrogel addition gradually reduced the filtrate cadmium concentration. Notably, the use of the 4% hydrogel resulted in 0 mg/L of cadmium. For the 0% hydrogel, vegetable cadmium absorption was determined to be 0.07 mg/g, contrasting with 0.03 mg/g for the 4% hydrogel. The DMAPAA/DMAPAAQ hydrogel significantly boosts vegetable growth by efficiently absorbing nitrate ions through ion exchange, releasing them for plant uptake. In contrast, the DMAA hydrogel, used as a control, does not enhance plant growth despite its water absorption properties. In summary, the composite hydrogel shows great potential for enhancing vegetable yield and immobilizing heavy metals in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan; (J.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Takehiko Gotoh
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan; (J.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan; (J.H.); (S.N.)
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan
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3
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Saleem M, Pierce D, Wang Y, Sens DA, Somji S, Garrett SH. Heavy Metal(oid)s Contamination and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment in Agricultural Soils. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:634-650. [PMID: 38804290 PMCID: PMC11130943 DOI: 10.3390/jox14020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil pollution caused by heavy metal(oid)s has generated great concern worldwide due to their toxicity, persistence, and bio-accumulation properties. To assess the baseline data, the heavy metal(oid)s, including manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd), were evaluated in surface soil samples collected from the farmlands of Grand Forks County, North Dakota. Samples were digested via acid mixture and analyzed via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) analysis to assess the levels, ecological risks, and possible sources. The heavy metal(oid) median levels exhibited the following decreasing trend: Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Cd > Hg. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) suggested the main lithogenic source for the studied metal(oid)s. Metal(oid) levels in the current investigation, except Mn, are lower than most of the guideline values set by international agencies. The contamination factor (Cf), geo accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) showed considerable contamination, moderate contamination, and significant enrichment, respectively, for As and Cd on median value basis. Ecological risk factor (Er) results exhibited low ecological risk for all studied metal(oid)s except Cd, which showed considerable ecological risk. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) levels indicated low ecological risk to considerable risk. Overall, the results indicate the accumulation of As and Cd in the study area. The high nutrients of the soils potentially affect their accumulation in crops and impact on consumers' health. This drives the impetus for continued environmental monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - David Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Donald A Sens
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Seema Somji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Scott H Garrett
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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Duan S, Peng L, Chen W, Kwakye KK, Zhou K, Teng C. Spectroscopic insights into the binding characteristics of heavy metals to dissolved organic matter in landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141433. [PMID: 38342146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is produced in the process of sanitary landfilling, which contains significant amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metal contaminants. Insights into the interactions between heavy metals and DOM in landfill leachate are beneficial for the understanding of heavy metal fates and optimization of landfill leachate treatment. In this work, the coherent structural changes of landfill leachate DOM during binding with various heavy metals were explored through the integration of molecular spectroscopic methods with chemometrics and statistic correlation analyses. The results indicate that protein substances, phenolic and discrete carboxyl groups in landfill leachate DOM were involved in the complexation with heavy metals, resulting in the formation of conjugated macromolecules/aggregates with high aromaticity and molecular weight/size. The fluorescent protein-like, fulvic acid-like, and humic-like fractions in DOM were engaged in the interaction, which were closely related to phenolic-like and carboxylic-like structure. Compared to membrane concentrates DOM, raw leachate DOM exhibited a higher binding affinity to heavy metals (especially for Cu2+, whilst the weakest was Cd2+). The integrated approach provides useful information in elucidating the binding processes of metals with landfill leachate DOM, including site heterogeneity, binding strength and functional group sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzi Duan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Li Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Kim Kofi Kwakye
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kanggen Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chunying Teng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China.
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Chandra K, Proshad R, Islam M, Idris AM. An integrated overview of metals contamination, source-specific risks investigation in coal mining vicinity soils. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7425-7458. [PMID: 37452259 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in soil are harmful to natural biodiversity and human health, and it is difficult to estimate the effects accurately. To reduce pollution and manage risk in coal-mining regions, it is essential to evaluate risks for heavy metals in soil. The present study reviews the levels of 21 metals (Nb, Zr, Ag, Ni, Na, K, Mg, Rb, Zn, Ca, Sr, As, Cr, Fe, Pb, Cd, Co, Hg, Cu, Mn and Ti) in soils around Barapukuria coal-mining vicinity, Bangladesh which were reported in literature. An integrated approach for risk assessments with the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, source-oriented ecological and health hazards were applied for the study. The contents of Rb, Ca, Zn, Pb, As, Ti, Mn, Co, Ag, Zr, and Nb were 1.63, 1.10, 1.97, 14.12, 1.20, 3.13, 1.22, 3.05, 3.85, 5.48, and 7.21 times greater than shale value. About 37%, 67%, 12%, and 85% of sampling sites posed higher risks according to the modified contamination factor, Nemerow pollution index, Nemerow integrated risk index, and mean effect range median quotient, respectively. Five probable metal sources were computed, including industrial activities to coal mining (17%), agricultural activities (33%), atmospheric deposition (19%), traffic emission (16%), and natural sources (15%). Modified Nemerow integrated risk index reported that agricultural activities, industrial coal mining activities, and atmospheric deposition showed moderate risk. Health hazards revealed that cancer risk values computed by the PMF-HHR model with identified sources were higher than the standard value (1.0E-04) for children, adult male, and female. Agricultural activities showed higher cancer risks to adult male (39%) and children (32%) whereas traffic emission contributed to female (25%). These findings highlight the ecological and health issues connected to potential sources of metal contamination and provide useful information to policymakers on how to reduce such risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Maksudul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Rouhani A, Gusiatin MZ, Hejcman M. An overview of the impacts of coal mining and processing on soil: assessment, monitoring, and challenges in the Czech Republic. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7459-7490. [PMID: 37501044 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining activities are causing an extensive range of environmental issues at both operating and abandoned mine sites. It is one of the most environmentally destructive practices, with the capability to eliminate fauna and flora, impact the groundwater system, and pollute the soil, air, and water. The Czech Republic relies almost exclusively on coal as its primary domestic source of energy. The combined reserves of hard and brown coals in this country are 705 million tons. About 50 million tons of coal is produced annually, making it the 14th biggest producer in the world. Soil degradation is an inevitable outcome of the coal production from surface coal mining procedures in the Czech Republic. Significant changes have taken place in soil productivity, hydraulic characteristics, horizon, and texture as a result of soil pollution, bioturbation, compaction, and weathering. The current review has evaluated the impact of reclamation and coal mining on soil characteristics, including biological, chemical, and physical properties. Additionally, the study has outlined the process of soil formation in reclamation areas in the Czech Republic. In nutshell, research gaps and future directions in understanding coal mining areas and their influences on soils in the Czech Republic are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmannan Rouhani
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment, The University of Jan Evangelista in Ústí nad Labem (UJEP), Pasteurova 3632/15, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Mariusz Z Gusiatin
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michal Hejcman
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment, The University of Jan Evangelista in Ústí nad Labem (UJEP), Pasteurova 3632/15, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
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Li J, Yu Q, Qian R, Xiao X, Liang Y, Luo P, Wang H, Lu Y, Xu L, Liu Q, Xiao Y. Distribution and transformation of potentially toxic elements in crack under coal mining disturbance. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1327. [PMID: 37847320 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
In China, coal provides about 56.8% of the energy. Most of China's coal mines are shaft mines, which cause the surface to collapse and crack during the mining process. The soil near the cracks changes its physicochemical properties due to the altered stress conditions. This will affect the distribution of PTEs in the soil. We collected 18 samples from a selected crack in the abandoned land. The pH, Eh, and PTE and their fractions of the samples were determined. With the test results, we understand the distribution characteristics of pH, Eh, PTEs, and their fractions at the cracks. Meanwhile, we explored the key factors that contribute to this distribution. It was determined that crack decreases surface soil pH while increasing Eh. The total amount of 7 PTEs is higher in the bottom soil of the main crack and 2 m away from the main crack. The content of reducible fractions of PTEs increases with the increase of soil Eh. The oxidizable and residual fractions of PTEs adsorbed to the clay particles migrate to and enrich the deeper layers of the main crack. This study emphasizes the effect of crack generation on the distribution of PTEs in soil. It provides insights to describe the distribution of PTE throughout the full life cycle of crack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Li
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
- Observation and Research Station of Jiangsu Jiawang Resource Exhausted Mining Area Land Restoration and Ecological Succession, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinxue Yu
- Shandong HFT Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Zibo City, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Ruoxi Qian
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, L5B 4P2, Canada
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
- Observation and Research Station of Jiangsu Jiawang Resource Exhausted Mining Area Land Restoration and Ecological Succession, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Liang
- Beijing Invision Ruida Technology Co., Ltd., Huaxia Happiness Entrepreneurship Center, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Ping Luo
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Lu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
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Yang X, Cheng B, Wang Z, Wang S, Liu L, Gao Y, Zhang H. Characteristics and pollution risks of potentially toxic elements and nematode community structure on farm soil near coal mines. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6835-6852. [PMID: 36482137 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important coal-producing provinces of China, Shanxi Province has been concerned about soil potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in recent years. The study aimed to determine the status and sources of PTEs contamination and evaluate the quality of the soil ecology. This study investigated the degree of 13 PTEs contamination. The sources and contributions of PTEs were traced by the absolute principal component score followed by a multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR). And the status of the soil ecosystem was verified by evaluating the soil nematode community around the coal mining areas in Jinzhong. The results showed that the mean PTEs concentration of 5 trace elements were higher than the background values of Shanxi, and safe to considerable was indicated by the pollution and ecological risk values. Soil Hg was the most contaminated element, followed by Cd. The distribution of PTEs was determined by coal mining activities (44.72%) followed by agricultural practice (32.37%) and coal transportation (21.37%). The nematode genera Acrobeloides (4.01%), Aphelenchus (20.30%), Meloidogyne (11.95%) and Aporcelaimus (2.74%) could be regarded as bioindicators of soil PTEs contamination by their tolerance. Concentrations of soil Cr, Mn, Ti and Cd showed remarkable influences on the total nematode abundance, maturity index, enrichment index, structural index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou index of soil nematode. It is an appropriate method to evaluate the status of soil PTEs contamination combining the response of a single nematode genus and the nematode community evaluation index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjian South Road #56, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Academic Affairs Office, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bijun Cheng
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjian South Road #56, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjian South Road #56, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjian South Road #56, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Xinjian South Road #56, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Lin C, Wang Y, Hu G, Yu R, Huang H. Source apportionment and transfer characteristics of Pb in a soil-rice-human system, Jiulong River Basin, southeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121489. [PMID: 36958662 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The source apportionment and transfer of Pb in a paddy soil-rice-human system within the Jiulong River Basin in southeast China was investigated by analyzing (1) the chemical fractionation of Pb in paddy soils using a modified BCR four-step sequential extraction procedure, and (2) the bioaccessibility of Pb in both paddy soils and rice grains using a Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test method. In addition, a qualitative Pb isotopic model was used in combination with IsoSource software to quantify the contribution of potential Pb sources. The results show the enrichment of Pb in agro-ecosystems in the Jiulong River Basin. Contaminant Pb in paddy soils was mainly present in the reducible (42.9%) and the residual fractions (27.1%). The average bioaccessibility of Pb in rice grains was significantly higher than that in paddy soil, with values of 77.85% and 37.44%, respectively. Lead in paddy soils was primarily derived from agricultural (35.3%), natural (25.5%), industrial (24.5%) and coal combustion sources (14.7%), while Pb in rice grains was primarily derived from coal combustion (54.1%), agricultural (35.1%), industrial (6.0%) and natural sources (4.8%). The bioaccessible Pb was mainly derived from anthropogenic sources [agricultural (42.3% for soil and 25.3% for grain) and coal combustion sources (25.3% for soil and 59.3% for grain)]. Lead isotopic ratios are an effective tracer of Pb transfer from potential sources to rice plants and within the rice plants. Rice plants absorb Pb from the soil and the atmosphere through the roots and leaves, respectively. Most of the Pb was accumulated in roots. The integrated use of chemical fractionation, bioaccessibility and Pb isotopic data provides an effective method to study the source apportionment and transfer characteristics of Pb in paddy soil-rice-human systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqi Lin
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Environmental Monitoring, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Yanyun Wang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China
| | - Gongren Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ruilian Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huabin Huang
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xianen, 361024, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Environmental Monitoring, Xiamen, 361024, China.
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Wu B, Li L, Guo S, Li Y. Source apportionment of heavy metals in the soil at the regional scale based on soil-forming processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130910. [PMID: 36736212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Source apportionment is crucial to the prevention and control of heavy metals in the soil. The major methods focus on the identification of soil heavy metals from different pollution sources. However, they are unsuited to the source apportionment at a regional scale due to ignoring the spatial heterogeneity of heavy metal content caused by soil formation. Thus, we built a source apportionment model by introducing the weathering and leaching coefficients as the key parameters of soil-forming processes. In this study, we selected Liaohe Plain in China as the study area, which was the starting point of China's industrial development, with dense industrial areas and high levels of heavy-metal emission. Heavy metals concentrations in surface and deep soil of reference and grid points were collected as model data. The results showed that the average contribution rates of soil-forming process to Cd, Hg, As, and Pb were 82.7%, 85.2%, 88.6%, and 91.7%, respectively, and those of anthropogenic activities were 17.3%, 14.8%, 11.4%, and 8.3%, respectively. Spatial distribution of contribution rates showed the superposition of soil environmental background and pollution sources. This study provides a feasible method to quantify heavy metals contents from natural and anthropogenic sources at a regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuhai Guo
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Yang Li
- Liaoning Provincial Ecology & Environment Monitoring Center, Shenyang 110161, PR China
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Li H, Li H, Zhang H, Cao J, Ge T, Gao J, Fang Y, Ye W, Fang T, Shi Y, Zhang R, Dong X, Guo X, Zhang Y. Trace elements in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in China: Spatiotemporal variation and human health implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159749. [PMID: 36306845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The enrichment and health risk assessment of trace elements in crayfish on a national scale are significant for food safety due to the rapidly expanding crayfish consumption in China. In the present study, 4709 samples were extracted from databases to explore the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of trace elements in crayfish. Due to the variance in the background value of trace elements, the level of trace elements varies by region. Additionally, levels of As and Cr in crayfish increased with the promotion of intensive rice-crayfish coculture in China. Health risk assessment results revealed that trace elements may cause non-carcinogenic risk for crayfish consumption for adults and children from the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the main risk was from As and Hg. The cancer risk values of As for children and adults in Zhejiang, Anhui, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Shandong provinces were above the allowable value. There is concern about the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of consuming crayfish containing trace elements in some areas in China. Therefore, the results can serve as a critical reference for policy purposes in China. In addition, it is recommended that further research and assessment on crayfish consumption are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Huaiyan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Haiting Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Tao Ge
- Anhui Research Institute of Geological Experiment, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jiale Gao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinju Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230026, China.
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12
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Zhu Y, Zhu J, Wang B, Xiao M, Li L. Pollution characteristics and probabilistic health risk of potentially hazardous elements in soils near a typical coal mine in Panzhihua City, Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:230. [PMID: 36571700 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study first assessed the pollution characteristics and probabilistic health risks of potentially hazardous elements (PHEs) in soils from the Dabaoding coal mining area in southwest China using Monte Carlo simulation. Experimental results showed that Cd was moderately enriched in soils, while Ni, Cr, and V were slightly enriched. However, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) illustrated that the coal mining area had a low level of Cd pollution. PHEs produced a very high ecological risk to soils in the coal mining area, whereas Cd showed the highest contribution (82.56%). The mean hazard index of all soil PHEs was 7.45E - 02 and 4.18E - 01 for local adults and children, respectively, all of which were obviously lower than the maximum acceptable level of 1.0. However, Monte Carlo simulation analysis indicated that 1.08% of noncarcinogenic risk values for local children still exceeded the maximum acceptable level. Additionally, 10.84% and 18.40% of the total carcinogenic risk values for local adults and children, respectively, exceeded the threshold of 1E - 04. Indeed, Cr and Ni had the highest contributions to noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, respectively. These findings suggest that Cd, Cr, and Ni should be identified as priority pollutants in coal mining areas. This study also provides valuable implications for policy-makers and environmental engineers, proposing efficient policies for better soil pollution control and remediation strategies in coal mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyuan Zhu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Sichuan Metallurgical Geological Survey and Ecological Environment Engineering Co., LTD, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Min Xiao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Li
- Sichuan Metallurgical Geological Survey and Ecological Environment Engineering Co., LTD, Chengdu, 610065, China
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13
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Wang X, Gao N, Liang Y, Liu F, Hong X, Zhou X, Sun L, Li H, Fang T. Chronological deposition record of trace metals in sediment cores from Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:843. [PMID: 36175568 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lakes located in the mid-low reaches of the Yangtze River watershed have been subjected to various degrees of human perturbation that would have resulted in toxic metal concentrations and would pose potential risk to the natural habitats. Therefore, in the present study, two sediment cores from Chaohu Lake were collected to determine any such concentration, expressed as the enrichment characteristics of major and trace metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Hg, and Ni) in response to natural and anthropogenic changes. An approximate 180-year (1840-2021) deposition record of trace metals in sediment cores was obtained on the basis of 137Cs and 210Pb dating. Enrichment factors (EFs) and the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were adopted to evaluate the enrichment state and pollution status of trace metals. The results showed that Cu and Zn were persistently more enriched in sediment, whereas Mn, Pb, Cd, and Hg has shown remarkable increasing trends in the west lake since the 1970s. Evaluation of the Igeo confirmed that sediment was moderately polluted with Cu and Zn within the whole lake and with Cd in the west lake area, whereas it was uncontaminated with Cr and slightly contaminated with other metals. Furthermore, source identification based on multivariate statistical analysis including correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis suggested similar pollution sources for the studied metals. Combined with the natural and anthropogenic changes within the watershed, enhanced soil erosion due to population expansion and agricultural intensification was a major contributor to sedimentary metals before the 1970s while industrial wastewater, urban runoff, and domestic sewage were predominant inputs of trace metals after the 1970s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Na Gao
- Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Yangyang Liang
- Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Xiuping Hong
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Xiujie Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Liqiang Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000, China.
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14
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Ye Y, Li Y, Cao Z, Liu S, Zhao Y. Experimental and numerical study on Cu and Cd migration in different functional-area soils under simulated rainfall conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112239. [PMID: 34717943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural rainfall exerts a significant influence on the migration of heavy metals in soil. However, the knowledge of migration characteristics and release kinetics of heavy metals in contaminated soils under different rainfall intensities still remains unclear. In this study, the simulated rainfall of different intensities was designed to experimentally and numerically investigate Cu and Cd movements in different functional-area (agriculture, industrial, urban) soils. A HYDRUS-2D model was optimized to simulate the migration process of Cu and Cd in soil under different rainfall conditions. The hydraulic properties and solute transport parameters used in the model were estimated based on isothermal adsorption and chloride ion penetration experimental measurements and related model fitting. Furthermore, Cu and Cd BTCs (Breakthrough Curves) were fitted using the HYDRUS-2D inverse solution function with two-site model. The results showed that the order of the migration capacity of Cu and Cd in different functional-area soils was agriculture soil > industrial soil > urban soil, and Cd had a greater risk of groundwater pollution than Cu. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the high proportion of the exchangeable state of Cu and Cd in contaminated soil is easy to be released. Furthermore, the model was proved to describe the distribution of Cu and Cd in the soil profile very well. The present results can improve understanding of the environmental behavior of Cu and Cd in different functional-areas soils and can be used as a basis for risk assessment of Cu and Cd polluting groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyong Ye
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Yanpeng Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710054, PR China.
| | - Zhaolin Cao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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15
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Min X, Ge T, Li H, Shi Y, Fang T, Sheng B, Li H, Dong X. Combining impregnation and co-pyrolysis to reduce the environmental risk of biochar derived from sewage sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133371. [PMID: 34952014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge derived biochar has great potential for agricultural application, whereas the risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge is a key challenge for utilization. This study investigated the synergetic effect of co-pyrolysis and ZnCl2 impregnation treatment on the surface characteristics and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge derived biochar. It was concluded that ZnCl2 impregnation led to an increase in biochar yield, O and S content, but decrease the ash content and pH. Additionally, the thermal stability of ZnCl2-added biochar was decreased. Semi-quantitive specific functional groups analysis suggested that ZnCl2 impregnation had a negative effect on the content of CO and C-O, while promoted the formation of aromatic CC. And the functional group of CO was retained in biochar by co-pyrolysis with Camellia oleifera shell due to its high content of potassium. For heavy metal passivation, ZnCl2 impregnation decreased total content of heavy metals by chlorination, while the oxidizable fraction (F3) of heavy metals showed an increasing tendency. Results of potential ecological risk assessment indicated that combining ZnCl2 impregnation and co-pyrolysis had great potential to reduce the ecological risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge derived biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Min
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Ge
- Anhui Institute of Geological Experiment, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Bixuan Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Huaiyan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Xinju Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, 40292, Kentucky, USA
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16
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Chen M, Chen X, Xing Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhang D, Zhu J. Arsenic and Cadmium in Soils from a Typical Mining City in Huainan, China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk Assessment and Health Risk Assessment. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:1080-1086. [PMID: 34125261 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the ecological risk and health risk of Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) in soils from a typical mining city in Huainan, a total of 99 soil samples were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of As and Cd ranged from 3.2 to 39.50 and 0.01 to 0.19 mg/kg, respectively, which exceeded the soil background values by 6.06 and 14.14%, respectively. The soil pH and content of organic carbon demonstrated no significant (P > 0.05) correlation with the As and Cd concentrations, while the land use types significantly (P < 0.05) affected the As and Cd distribution. According to the Nemero synthesis pollution index, three spot areas were identified as moderately to strongly polluted. The potential ecological risk index ranged from 4.34 to 108.64, which represented that the potential ecological risk was low. In addition, children faced more carcinogenic risk of As. Consequently, mining has increased the concentrations of As and Cd in soils, and the carcinogenic risk of As to children should be paid more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Institute of Environment-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan, 232001, China.
| | - Yazhen Xing
- Institute of Environment-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
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17
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Drozdova M, Pozdnyakova A, Osintseva M, Burova N, Minina V. The microorganism-plant system for remediation of soil exposed to coal mining. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-2-406-418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Coal mining causes a radical transformation of the soil cover. Research is required into modern methods and complementary technologies for monitoring technogenic landscapes and their remediation. Our study aimed to assess soil and rhizosphere microorganisms and their potential uses for the remediation of technogenic soils in Russian coal regions.
Study objects and methods. We reviewed scientific articles published over the past five years, as well as those cited in Scopus and Web of Science.
Results and discussion. Areas lying in the vicinity of coal mines and coal transportation lines are exposed to heavy metal contamination. We studied the application of soil remediation technologies that use sorbents from environmentally friendly natural materials as immobilizers of toxic elements and compounds. Mycorrhizal symbionts are used for soil decontamination, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza with characteristic morphological structures in root cortex cells and some mycotallia in the form of arbuscules or vesicles. Highly important are Gram-negative proteobacteria (Agrobacterium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Burkholderia, Bradyrizobium, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Rizobium), Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus), and Grampositive actinomycetes (Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Arhtrobacter). They produce phytohormones, vitamins, and bioactive substances, stimulating plant growth. Also, they reduce the phytopathogenicity of dangerous diseases and harmfulness of insects. Finally, they increase the soil’s tolerance to salinity, drought, and oxidative stress. Mycorrhizal chains enable the transport and exchange of various substances, including mineral forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic forms of C3 and C4 plants. Microorganisms contribute to the removal of toxic elements by absorbing, precipitating or accumulating them both inside the cells and in the extracellular space.
Conclusion. Our review of scientific literature identified the sources of pollution of natural, agrogenic, and technogenic landscapes. We revealed the effects of toxic pollutants on the state and functioning of living systems: plants, animals, and microorganisms. Finally, we gave examples of modern methods used to remediate degraded landscapes and reclaim disturbed lands, including the latest technologies based on the integration of plants and microorganisms.
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18
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Zhang T, Zhang Y, Li W, Wang L, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Jiang D, Gao X. Occurrence and dietary exposure of heavy metals in marketed vegetables and fruits of Shandong Province, China. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5166-5173. [PMID: 34532025 PMCID: PMC8441287 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of heavy metals in vegetables and fruits is a serious threat to food safety and human health. The present study was designed to investigate the occurrence and dietary exposure of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in vegetables and fruits in Shandong Province, China. Results demonstrated that the mean level of total heavy metals was 30.25 µg/kg. The most frequently found heavy metal was Cd (69.2%) with a mean value of 11.54 µg/kg. The mean exposure values of Pb, As, Cd, and Hg in vegetables were 0.052, 0.045, 0.038, and 2.40 × 10-3 µg/kg bw/day, respectively. Moreover, the calculated hazard quotient (HQ) values of mean levels for these four heavy metals were all less than 1, indicating the health risk of heavy metal exposure caused by vegetable consumption was low. This study has displayed baseline information on heavy metal contamination in vegetables and fruits, which can provide useful data support for the formulation of relevant standards and government management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianran Zhang
- Department of Physical and Chemical InspectionSchool of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanP. R. China
- Department of Physical and Chemical TestingShandong Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanP. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical ExaminationShandong Medical CollegeJinanP. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physical and Chemical TestingShandong Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanP. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical TestingShandong Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanP. R. China
| | - Yanni Jiao
- Department of Physical and Chemical TestingShandong Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanP. R. China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical InspectionSchool of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanP. R. China
| | - Dafeng Jiang
- Department of Physical and Chemical TestingShandong Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanP. R. China
| | - Xibao Gao
- Department of Physical and Chemical InspectionSchool of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanP. R. China
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19
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Zhou T, Zhao M, Zhao X, Guo Y, Zhao Y. Simultaneous remediation and fertility improvement of heavy metals contaminated soil by a novel composite hydrogel synthesized from food waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129984. [PMID: 33984900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination by heavy metals constitutes a serious global environmental problem, and numerous remediation technologies have been developed. In this study, a novel soil remediation agent, namely composite hydrogel (leftover rice-g-poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite/Urea, LR-g-PAA/MMT/urea), was prepared based on free radical polymerization cross-linking technology. Experimental results indicated that the LR-g-PAA/MMT/urea dosage increased from 0% to 10%, the oxidizable state proportions of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in contaminated soil increased from 8.3%, 23.7%, 54.0% and 11.4%-71.3%, 61.0%, 76.5%, and 27.9%, respectively. Compared with control experiment, the residue state growth rate were 56.6%, 23.4% and 39.8% for Cu, Pb and Zn respectively with 10% dosage of composite hydrogel. Simultaneously, the LR-g-PAA/MMT/urea was also seen to enhance soil fertility, including organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, and N and P contents. Pot experiments for biological toxicity suggested that the addition of hydrogel weakened the toxic effect of heavy metals on cotton seeds, and the action effect was increasingly visible with the increase of hydrogel dosage. The analysis of the mechanism involved suggested that the organic matter and its possessed characteristic functional groups could weaken the biological toxicity via complexation, adsorption, and ion exchange. Overall, the synthesized composite hydrogel exhibits great potential for the simultaneous remediation and fertility improvement of heavy metal contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Minhui Zhao
- School of Chemical Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 563100, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co.,Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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20
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Barjoee SS, Abadi SZM, Elmi MR, Varaoon VT, Nikbakht M. Evaluation of trace elements pollution in deposited dust on residential areas and agricultural lands around Pb/Zn mineral areas using modified pollution indices. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:753-769. [PMID: 34150271 PMCID: PMC8172829 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dust deposited on residential and agricultural lands can have serious consequences for the ecosystem when toxic trace elements are present. This study aimed to assess the ecological risk of the trace elements found in the deposited dust around the Mehdi Abad Pb/Zn mine, Yazd, Iran, using several modified pollution indices. The dust samples were collected by the grid method and a Marble Dust Collector (MDCO) sampler to evaluate the concentration of thirty trace elements: nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), lanthanum (La), lithium (Li), niobium (Nb), tin (Sn), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), Ferrum (Fe), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), tantalum (Ta), terbium (Tb), zirconium (Zr), tellurium (Te), thorium (Th), titanium (Ti), uranium (U), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y), ytterbium (Yb), thulium (Tm), and cobalt (Co). This study employed multivariate statistical techniques, including Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and the IDW interpolation technique, as well as modified pollution indices such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Modified Pollution Index (MPI), Modified Potential Ecological Risk Index (MRI), and Modified Hazard Quotient (mHQ). All the statistical data analyses were performed via SPSS Statistics, version 22.00. The HCA results showed that all of these trace elements, except Fe, form a group and had similar behavior. The average levels of all elements in the dust samples except for Cr, S, Sr, Ta, Tb, and Te exceeded the background value. The results confirmed that both anthropogenic activities and natural factors were responsible for the trace elements found in the dust. The average EF value for Pb (43.26) indicated its extremely high enrichment in the study area. The MPI, mHQ, and MRI results showed that 33%, 100%, and 33.33% of the dust samples were in the heavily polluted, extreme severity, and high risk categories, respectively. The IDW analysis results revealed that the highest value of the MRI and mHQ indices was in agricultural lands and residential areas; the predominant wind direction also played a role in transferring the elements from the mine to these areas. In general, the results indicated that mining activities increased the ecological risk in Mehdi Abad due to the presence of trace elements, especially Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shojaee Barjoee
- Department of Environmental, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Elmi
- Department of Environmental, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vahid Talebi Varaoon
- Department of Nature Engineering, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Nikbakht
- Department of Environmental Management and Planning, Graduate Faculty of Environment, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Molecular mechanisms of heavy metals resistance of Stenotrophomonas rhizophila JC1 by whole genome sequencing. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2699-2709. [PMID: 33715030 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a higher metal ions-resistant bacterium, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila JC1 was isolated from contaminated soil in Jinchang city, Gansu Province, China. The Pb2+ (120 mg/L) and Cu2+ (80 mg/L) removal rate of the strain reached at 76.9% and 83.4%, respectively. The genome comprises 4268161 bp in a circular chromosome with 67.52% G + C content and encodes 3719 proteins. The genome function analysis showed czc operon, mer operon, cop operon, arsenic detoxification system in strain JC1 were contributed to the removal of heavy metals. Three efflux systems (i.e., RND, CDF, and P-ATPase) on strain JC1 genome could trigger the removal of divalent cations from cells. cAMP pathway and ABC transporter pathway might be involved in the transport and metabolism of heavy metals. The homology analysis exhibited multi-gene families such as ABC transporters, heavy metal-associated domain, copper resistance protein, carbohydrate-binding domain were distributed across 410 orthologous groups. In addition, heavy metal-responsive transcription regulator, thioredoxin, heavy metal transport/detoxification protein, divalent-cation resistance protein CutA, arsenate reductase also played important roles in the heavy metals adsorption and detoxification process. The complete genome data provides insight into the exploration of the interaction mechanism between microorganisms and heavy metals.
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22
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Li Q, Li C, Wang H, Wei X, Liu Y, Yang R, Wen X. Geochemical Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Soil and Blueberries of the Core Majiang Blueberry Production Area. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:57-64. [PMID: 33009918 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
By using field survey, sampling, and indoor analysis, we analyzed the geochemical characteristics of heavy metals in the blueberries and soil of the core blueberry production area of Majiang in Guizhou, China. Analyses were based on national standards for soil pollution risk control on agricultural land (GB15618-2018) and pollution index limits in food (GB2762-2017/2012). The results demonstrated that heavy metal content in the soil profile of this area exceeds standards, but standards were exceeded mainly in the lower layer of the profile, and blueberry growth was not substantially affected. Except for in Lanmenggu, heavy metals in the cultivation soil layer of Majiang Blueberry Farms did not considerably exceed standards. The content of heavy metals in blueberry did not exceed the standard, so it was a safe fruit. These results can provide a reference for the safe cultivation of Majiang blueberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Heng Wang
- School of Public Administration, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuansheng Liu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruidong Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Wen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
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23
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Wang Q, Li Q, Lin Y, Hou Y, Deng Z, Liu W, Wang H, Xia Z. Biochemical and genetic basis of cadmium biosorption by Enterobacter ludwigii LY6, isolated from industrial contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114637. [PMID: 32380392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a cadmium-tolerant bacterium, Enterobacter ludwigii LY6, was isolated from cadmium-contaminated soil in Shifang, Sichuan province, China. The cadmium chloride removal rate of the strain LY6 with a treatment of 100 mg/L cadmium chloride reached 56.0%. Scanning electron microscopy showed that exopolysaccharides (EPS) might be the main means of cadmium adsorption by the strain. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that cadmium sulfide nanoparticles formed on the surface of bacteria cultured in a medium containing 100 mg/L cadmium chloride. In addition, the expression of several genes increased with the increase of the cadmium concentration in the medium, including the multiple antibiotic resistance proteins marA and marR, and the cold shock protein CspA. GO functions, such as the redox activity, respiratory chain and transport functions, and KEGG pathways involved in "bacterial chemotaxis" and "terpenoid backbone biosynthesis" were found to be closely related to bacterial cadmium tolerance and biosorption. This is the first report that E. ludwigii can reduce sulfate to form cadmium sulfide nanoparticles under high concentration cadmium exposure. The genes related to cadmium tolerance identified in this study lay a foundation for the genetic breeding of cadmium-tolerant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- QiangFeng Wang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Hou
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyuan Deng
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Sichuan Lanyue Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610207, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China
| | - ZhongMei Xia
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610061, Sichuan, China.
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