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La Monica S, Vacondio F, Eltayeb K, Lodola A, Volta F, Viglioli M, Ferlenghi F, Galvani F, Galetti M, Bonelli M, Fumarola C, Cavazzoni A, Flammini L, Verzè M, Minari R, Petronini PG, Tiseo M, Mor M, Alfieri R. Targeting glucosylceramide synthase induces antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cell models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6491. [PMID: 38499619 PMCID: PMC10948837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib has been approved for the first-line treatment of EGFR-mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients. Despite its efficacy, patients develop resistance. Mechanisms of resistance are heterogeneous and not fully understood, and their characterization is essential to find new strategies to overcome resistance. Ceramides are well-known regulators of apoptosis and are converted into glucosylceramides (GlcCer) by glucosylceramide synthase (GCS). A higher content of GlcCers was observed in lung pleural effusions from NSCLC patients and their role in osimertinib-resistance has not been documented. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic potential of inhibiting GCS in NSCLC EGFR-mutant models resistant to osimertinib in vitro and in vivo. Lipidomic analysis showed a significant increase in the intracellular levels of glycosylceramides, including GlcCers in osimertinib resistant clones compared to sensitive cells. In resistant cells, the GCS inhibitor PDMP caused cell cycle arrest, inhibition of 2D and 3D cell proliferation, colony formation and migration capability, and apoptosis induction. The intratumoral injection of PDMP completely suppressed the growth of OR xenograft models. This study demonstrated that dysregulation of ceramide metabolism is involved in osimertinib-resistance and targeting GCS may be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients progressed to osimertinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia La Monica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Kamal Eltayeb
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessio Lodola
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Volta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Viglioli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Galvani
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Maricla Galetti
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL-Italian Workers' Compensation Authority, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Fumarola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavazzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Flammini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Michela Verzè
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Minari
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Tiseo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
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Chatterjee S, Yuan R, Thapa S, Talwar R. Central Role of β-1,4-GalT-V in Cancer Signaling, Inflammation, and Other Disease-Centric Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:483. [PMID: 38203654 PMCID: PMC10778672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-Galactose transferase-V (β-1,4-GalT-V), is a member of a large glycosyltransferase family, primarily involved in the transfer of sugar residues from nucleotide sugars, such as galactose, glucose mannose, etc., to sugar constituents of glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins. For example, UDP-Galactose: Glucosylceramide, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT-V), transfers galactose to glucosylceramide to generate Lactosylceramide (LacCer), a bioactive "lipid second messenger" that can activate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) oxidase (NOX-1) to produce superoxide's (O2-) to activate several signaling pathways critical in regulating multiple phenotypes implicated in health and diseases. LacCer can also activate cytosolic phospholipase A-2 to produce eicosanoids and prostaglandins to induce inflammatory pathways. However, the lack of regulation of β-1,4-GalT-V contributes to critical phenotypes central to cancer and cardiovascular diseases, e.g., cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Additionally, inflammation that accompanies β-1,4-GalT-V dysregulation accelerates the initiation and progression of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, as well as inflammation-centric diseases, like lupus erythematosus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and inflammatory bowel diseases. An exciting development in this field of research arrived due to the recognition that the activation of β-1,4-GalT-V is a "pivotal" point of convergence for multiple signaling pathways initiated by physiologically relevant molecules, e.g., growth factors, oxidized-low density lipoprotein(ox- LDL), pro-inflammatory molecules, oxidative and sheer stress, diet, and cigarette smoking. Thus, dysregulation of these pathways may well contribute to cancer, heart disease, skin diseases, and several inflammation-centric diseases in experimental animal models of human diseases and in humans. These observations have been described under post-transcriptional modifications of β-1,4- GalT-V. On the other hand, we also point to the important role of β-1-4 GalT-V-mediated glycosylation in altering the formation of glycosylated precursor forms of proteins and their activation, e.g., β-1 integrin, wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/-β catenin, Frizzled-1, and Notch1. Such alterations in glycosylation may influence cell differentiation, angiogenesis, diminished basement membrane architecture, tissue remodeling, infiltrative growth, and metastasis in human colorectal cancers and breast cancer stem cells. We also discuss Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), which is a comprehensive database of human genes and genetic disorders used to provide information on the genetic basis of inherited diseases and traits and information about the molecular pathways and biological processes that underlie human physiology. We describe cancer genes interacting with the β-1,4-GalT-V gene and homologs generated by OMIM. In sum, we propose that β-1,4-GalT-V gene/protein serves as a "gateway" regulating several signal transduction pathways in oxidative stress and inflammation leading to cancer and other diseases, thus rationalizing further studies to better understand the genetic regulation and interaction of β-1,4-GalT-V with other genes. Novel therapies will hinge on biochemical analysis and characterization of β-1,4-GalT-V in patient-derived materials and animal models. And using β-1,4-GalT-V as a "bonafide drug target" to mitigate these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subroto Chatterjee
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Krishnan ST, Winkler D, Creek D, Anderson D, Kirana C, Maddern GJ, Fenix K, Hauben E, Rudd D, Voelcker NH. Staging of colorectal cancer using lipid biomarkers and machine learning. Metabolomics 2023; 19:84. [PMID: 37731020 PMCID: PMC10511619 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Alteration in lipid metabolism and chemokine expression are considered hallmark characteristics of malignant progression and metastasis of CRC. Validated diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed to define molecular heterogeneous CRC clinical stages and subtypes, as liver dominant metastasis has poor survival outcomes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to integrate lipid changes, concentrations of chemokines, such as platelet factor 4 and interleukin 8, and gene marker status measured in plasma samples, with clinical features from patients at different CRC stages or who had progressed to stage-IV colorectal liver metastasis (CLM). METHODS High-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HR-LC-MS) was used to determine the levels of candidate lipid biomarkers in each CRC patient's preoperative plasma samples and combined with chemokine, gene and clinical data. Machine learning models were then trained using known clinical outcomes to select biomarker combinations that best classify CRC stage and group. RESULTS Bayesian neural net and multilinear regression-machine learning identified candidate biomarkers that classify CRC (stages I-III), CLM patients and control subjects (cancer-free or patients with polyps/diverticulitis), showing that integrating specific lipid signatures and chemokines (platelet factor-4 and interluken-8; IL-8) can improve prognostic accuracy. Gene marker status could contribute to disease prediction, but requires ubiquitous testing in clinical cohorts. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that correlating multiple disease related features with lipid changes could improve CRC prognosis. The identified signatures could be used as reference biomarkers to predict CRC prognosis and classify stages, and monitor therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanduru Thamarai Krishnan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - David Winkler
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Australia
- School of Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2QL, UK
| | - Darren Creek
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Dovile Anderson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Chandra Kirana
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Guy J Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - Ehud Hauben
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, 5011, Australia
| | - David Rudd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - Nicolas Hans Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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Guebel DV, Torres NV, Acebes Á. Mapping the transcriptomic changes of endothelial compartment in human hippocampus across aging and mild cognitive impairment. Biol Open 2021; 10:264940. [PMID: 34184731 PMCID: PMC8181899 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromise of the vascular system has important consequences on cognitive abilities and neurodegeneration. The identification of the main molecular signatures present in the blood vessels of human hippocampus could provide the basis to understand and tackle these pathologies. As direct vascular experimentation in hippocampus is problematic, we achieved this information by computationally disaggregating publicly available whole microarrays data of human hippocampal homogenates. Three conditions were analyzed: ‘Young Adults’, ‘Aged’, and ‘aged with Mild Cognitive Impairment’ (MCI). The genes identified were contrasted against two independent data-sets. Here we show that the endothelial cells from the Younger Group appeared in an ‘activated stage’. In turn, in the Aged Group, the endothelial cells showed a significant loss of response to shear stress, changes in cell adhesion molecules, increased inflammation, brain-insulin resistance, lipidic alterations, and changes in the extracellular matrix. Some specific changes in the MCI group were also detected. Noticeably, in this study the features arisen from the Aged Group (high tortuosity, increased bifurcations, and smooth muscle proliferation), pose the need for further experimental verification to discern between the occurrence of arteriogenesis and/or vascular remodeling by capillary arterialization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: An integrative picture about the mechanisms operating in the hippocampal vasculature under normal and pathological scenarios is achieved by the computational dissection of microarray data corresponding to whole tissue samples and focusing on gene splice forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Guebel
- Program Agustín de Betancourt, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Néstor V Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Ángel Acebes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
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Chatterjee S, Balram A, Li W. Convergence: Lactosylceramide-Centric Signaling Pathways Induce Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Other Phenotypic Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041816. [PMID: 33673027 PMCID: PMC7917694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactosylceramide (LacCer), also known as CD17/CDw17, is a member of a large family of small molecular weight compounds known as glycosphingolipids. It plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids, primarily by way of serving as a precursor to the majority of its higher homolog sub-families such as gangliosides, sulfatides, fucosylated-glycosphingolipids and complex neutral glycosphingolipids—some of which confer “second-messenger” and receptor functions. LacCer is an integral component of the “lipid rafts,” serving as a conduit to transduce external stimuli into multiple phenotypes, which may contribute to mortality and morbidity in man and in mouse models of human disease. LacCer is synthesized by the action of LacCer synthase (β-1,4 galactosyltransferase), which transfers galactose from uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-galactose) to glucosylceramide (GlcCer). The convergence of multiple physiologically relevant external stimuli/agonists—platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stress, cigarette smoke/nicotine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and in particular, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)—on β-1,4 galactosyltransferase results in its phosphorylation or activation, via a “turn-key” reaction, generating LacCer. This newly synthesized LacCer activates NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dihydrogen phosphate) oxidase to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a highly “oxidative stress” environment, which trigger a cascade of signaling molecules and pathways and initiate diverse phenotypes like inflammation and atherosclerosis. For instance, LacCer activates an enzyme, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which cleaves arachidonic acid from phosphatidylcholine. In turn, arachidonic acid serves as a precursor to eicosanoids and prostaglandin, which transduce a cascade of reactions leading to inflammation—a major phenotype underscoring the initiation and progression of several debilitating diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. Our aim here is to present an updated account of studies made in the field of LacCer metabolism and signaling using multiple animal models of human disease, human tissue, and cell-based studies. These advancements have led us to propose that previously unrelated phenotypes converge in a LacCer-centric manner. This LacCer synthase/LacCer-induced “oxidative stress” environment contributes to inflammation, atherosclerosis, skin conditions, hair greying, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, targeting LacCer synthase may well be the answer to remedy these pathologies.
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Simon MV, Basu SK, Qaladize B, Grambergs R, Rotstein NP, Mandal N. Sphingolipids as critical players in retinal physiology and pathology. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100037. [PMID: 32948663 PMCID: PMC7933806 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr120000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids have emerged as bioactive lipids involved in the regulation of many physiological and pathological processes. In the retina, they have been established to participate in numerous processes, such as neuronal survival and death, proliferation and migration of neuronal and vascular cells, inflammation, and neovascularization. Dysregulation of sphingolipids is therefore crucial in the onset and progression of retinal diseases. This review examines the involvement of sphingolipids in retinal physiology and diseases. Ceramide (Cer) has emerged as a common mediator of inflammation and death of neuronal and retinal pigment epithelium cells in animal models of retinopathies such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinitis pigmentosa. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has opposite roles, preventing photoreceptor and ganglion cell degeneration but also promoting inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization in AMD, glaucoma, and pro-fibrotic disorders. Alterations in Cer, S1P, and ceramide 1-phosphate may also contribute to uveitis. Notably, use of inhibitors that either prevent Cer increase or modulate S1P signaling, such as Myriocin, desipramine, and Fingolimod (FTY720), preserves neuronal viability and retinal function. These findings underscore the relevance of alterations in the sphingolipid metabolic network in the etiology of multiple retinopathies and highlight the potential of modulating their metabolism for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Simon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Sandip K Basu
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bano Qaladize
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richard Grambergs
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nora P Rotstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Nawajes Mandal
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Schengrund CL. Gangliosides and Neuroblastomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5313. [PMID: 32726962 PMCID: PMC7432824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this review is the ganglio-series of glycosphingolipids found in neuroblastoma (NB) and the myriad of unanswered questions associated with their possible role(s) in this cancer. NB is one of the more common solid malignancies of children. Five-year survival for those diagnosed with low risk NB is 90-95%, while that for children with high-risk NB is around 40-50%. Much of the survival rate reflects age of diagnosis with children under a year having a much better prognosis than those over two. Identification of expression of GD2 on the surface of most NB cells led to studies of the effectiveness and subsequent approval of anti-GD2 antibodies as a treatment modality. Despite much success, a subset of patients, possibly those whose tumors fail to express concentrations of gangliosides such as GD1b and GT1b found in tumors from patients with a good prognosis, have tumors refractory to treatment. These observations support discussion of what is known about control of ganglioside synthesis, and their actual functions in NB, as well as their possible relationship to treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara-Lynne Schengrund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Procházková J, Slavík J, Bouchal J, Levková M, Hušková Z, Ehrmann J, Ovesná P, Kolář Z, Skalický P, Straková N, Zapletal O, Kozubík A, Hofmanová J, Vondráček J, Machala M. Specific alterations of sphingolipid metabolism identified in EpCAM-positive cells isolated from human colon tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158742. [PMID: 32447053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiřina Procházková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Slavík
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bouchal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Levková
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zlata Hušková
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Ehrmann
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Ovesná
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Nicol Straková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Zapletal
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Hofmanová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Role of Bioactive Sphingolipids in Inflammation and Eye Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1161:149-167. [PMID: 31562629 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a common underlying factor in a diversity of ocular diseases, ranging from macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and microbial infection. In addition to the variety of known cellular mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators, there is now considerable evidence that sphingolipid metabolites also play a central role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. Various sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide (Cer), ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and lactosylceramide (LacCer) can contribute to ocular inflammatory diseases through multiple pathways. For example, inflammation generates Cer from sphingomyelins (SM) in the plasma membrane, which induces death receptor ligand formation and leads to apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and photoreceptor cells. Inflammatory stress by reactive oxygen species leads to LacCer accumulation and S1P secretion and induces proliferation of retinal endothelial cells and eventual formation of new vessels. In sphingolipid/lysosomal storage disorders, sphingolipid metabolites accumulate in lysosomes and can cause ocular disorders that have an inflammatory etiology. Sphingolipid metabolites activate complement factors in the immune-response mediated pathogenesis of macular degeneration. These examples highlight the integral association between sphingolipids and inflammation in ocular diseases.
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Inflammatory Ocular Diseases and Sphingolipid Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1159:139-152. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21162-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Chatterjee SB, Hou J, Bandaru VVR, Pezhouh MK, Syed Rifat Mannan AA, Sharma R. Lactosylceramide synthase β-1,4-GalT-V: A novel target for the diagnosis and therapy of human colorectal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:380-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ulus G, Koparal AT, Baysal K, Yetik Anacak G, Karabay Yavaşoğlu NÜ. The anti-angiogenic potential of (±) gossypol in comparison to suramin. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1537-1550. [PMID: 30123923 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton, a staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plants (Gossypium), is produced throughout the world, and its by products, such as cotton fibers, cotton-seed oil, and cottonseed proteins, have a variety of applications. Cotton-seed contains gossypol, a natural phenol compound. (±)-Gossypol is a yellowish polyphenol that is derived from different parts of the cotton plant and contains potent anticancer properties. Tumor growth and metastasis are mainly related to angiogenesis; therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy targets the new blood vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to actively proliferating tumor cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-angiogenic potential of (±)-gossypol in vitro. (±)-Gossypol has anti-proliferative effects on cancer cell lines; however, its anti-angiogenic effects on normal cells have not been studied. Anti-proliferative activities of gossypol assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, anti-angiogenic activities using tube formation assay, and cell migration inhibition capability using a wound-healing assay on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were revealed. (±)-Gossypol displayed the following potent anti-angiogenic activities in vitro: it inhibited the cell viability of HUVECs, it inhibited the migration of HUVECs, and disrupted endothelial tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the anti-angiogenic effects of (±)-gossypol were investigated in ovo in a model using a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Decreases in capillary density were assessed and scored. (±)-Gossypol showed dose-dependent anti-angiogenic effects on CAM. These findings suggest that (±)-gossypol can be used as a new anti-angiogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Ulus
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - A Tansu Koparal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Baysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Günay Yetik Anacak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Martineau C, Naja RP, Husseini A, Hamade B, Kaufmann M, Akhouayri O, Arabian A, Jones G, St-Arnaud R. Optimal bone fracture repair requires 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its effector molecule FAM57B2. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3546-3557. [PMID: 30010626 DOI: 10.1172/jci98093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological activity of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)2D3] remains controversial, but it has been suggested that it contributes to fracture healing. Cyp24a1-/- mice, synthesizing no 24R,25(OH)2D3, show suboptimal endochondral ossification during fracture repair, with smaller callus and reduced stiffness. These defects were corrected by 24R,25(OH)2D3 treatment, but not by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Microarrays with Cyp24a1-/- callus mRNA identified FAM57B2 as a mediator of the 24R,25(OH)2D3 effect. FAM57B2 produced lactosylceramide (LacCer) upon specific binding of 24R,25(OH)2D3. Fam57b inactivation in chondrocytes (Col2-Cre Fam57bfl/fl) phenocopied the callus formation defect of Cyp24a1-/- mice. LacCer or 24R,25(OH)2D3 injections restored callus volume, stiffness, and mineralized cartilage area in Cyp24a1-null mice, but only LacCer rescued Col2-Cre Fam57bfl/fl mice. Gene expression in callus tissue suggested that the 24R,25(OH)2D3/FAM57B2 cascade affects cartilage maturation. We describe a previously unrecognized pathway influencing endochondral ossification during bone repair through LacCer production upon binding of 24R,25(OH)2D3 to FAM57B2. Our results identify potential new approaches to ameliorate fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine Martineau
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roy Pascal Naja
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, and
| | - Abdallah Husseini
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bachar Hamade
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Kaufmann
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Akhouayri
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alice Arabian
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Glenville Jones
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - René St-Arnaud
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, and.,Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Legros N, Pohlentz G, Runde J, Dusny S, Humpf HU, Karch H, Müthing J. Colocalization of receptors for Shiga toxins with lipid rafts in primary human renal glomerular endothelial cells and influence of D-PDMP on synthesis and distribution of glycosphingolipid receptors. Glycobiology 2018; 27:947-965. [PMID: 28535204 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage of human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) of the kidney represents the linchpin in the pathogenesis of the hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by Shiga toxins of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). We performed a comprehensive structural analysis of the Stx-receptor glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer, Galα4Galβ4Glcβ1Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ3Galα4Galβ4Glcβ1Cer) and their distribution in lipid raft analog detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) and nonDRMs prepared from primary HRGECs. Predominant receptor lipoforms were Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer with Cer (d18:1, C16:0), Cer (d18:1, C22:0) and Cer (d18:1, C24:1/C24:0). Stx-receptor GSLs co-distribute with sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol as well as flotillin-2 in DRMs, representing the liquid-ordered membrane phase and indicating lipid raft association. Lyso-phosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) was identified as a nonDRM marker phospholipid of the liquid-disordered membrane phase. Exposure of primary HRGECs to the ceramide analogon d-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP) reduced total Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer content, roughly calculated from two biological replicates, down to half and quarter of its primordial content, respectively, but strengthened their prevalence and cholesterol preponderance in DRMs. At the same time, the distribution of PC, SM and lyso-PC to subcellular membrane fractions remained unaffected by D-PDMP treatment. Defining the GSL composition and precise microdomain structures of primary HRGECs may help to develop novel therapeutic options to combat life-threatening EHEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Legros
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gottfried Pohlentz
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jana Runde
- Institute for Food Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dusny
- Institute for Food Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute for Food Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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15
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Ferreira IG, Pucci M, Venturi G, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Dall'Olio F. Glycosylation as a Main Regulator of Growth and Death Factor Receptors Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020580. [PMID: 29462882 PMCID: PMC5855802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a very frequent and functionally important post-translational protein modification that undergoes profound changes in cancer. Growth and death factor receptors and plasma membrane glycoproteins, which upon activation by extracellular ligands trigger a signal transduction cascade, are targets of several molecular anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we provide a thorough picture of the mechanisms bywhich glycosylation affects the activity of growth and death factor receptors in normal and pathological conditions. Glycosylation affects receptor activity through three non-mutually exclusive basic mechanisms: (1) by directly regulating intracellular transport, ligand binding, oligomerization and signaling of receptors; (2) through the binding of receptor carbohydrate structures to galectins, forming a lattice thatregulates receptor turnover on the plasma membrane; and (3) by receptor interaction with gangliosides inside membrane microdomains. Some carbohydrate chains, for example core fucose and β1,6-branching, exert a stimulatory effect on all receptors, while other structures exert opposite effects on different receptors or in different cellular contexts. In light of the crucial role played by glycosylation in the regulation of receptor activity, the development of next-generation drugs targeting glyco-epitopes of growth factor receptors should be considered a therapeutically interesting goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gomes Ferreira
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Michela Pucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mariella Chiricolo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fabio Dall'Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Building, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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16
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A key role for transketolase-like 1 in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51875-51897. [PMID: 27391434 PMCID: PMC5239521 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, a crucial cancer hallmark, shifts metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle or lipogenesis, to enable the growth characteristics of cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence that transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) orchestrates aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis, glutamine metabolism, protection against oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Furthermore, silencing of TKTL1 reduced the levels of sphingolipids such as lactosylceramide (a sphingolipid regulating cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis) and phosphatidylinositol (which activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling). Thus, in addition to its well-known roles in glucose and amino acid metabolism, TKTL1 also regulates lipid metabolism. In conclusion, our study provides unprecedented evidence that TKTL1 plays central roles in major metabolic processes subject to reprogramming in cancer cells and thus identifies TKTL1 as a promising target for new anti-cancer therapies.
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17
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Smith NJ, Fuller M, Saville JT, Cox TM. Reduced cerebral vascularization in experimental neuronopathic Gaucher disease. J Pathol 2018; 244:120-128. [PMID: 28981147 DOI: 10.1002/path.4992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The glycosphingolipidosis, Gaucher disease, in which a range of neurological manifestations occur, results from a deficiency of acid β-glucocerebrosidase, with subsequent accumulation of β-glucocerebroside, its upstream substrates, and the non-acylated congener β-glucosylsphingosine. However, the mechanisms by which end-organ dysfunction arise are poorly understood. Here, we report strikingly diminished cerebral microvascular density in a murine model of disease, and provide a detailed analysis of the accompanying cerebral glycosphingolipidome in these animals, with marked elevations of β-glucosylsphingosine. Further in vitro studies confirmed a concentration-dependent impairment of endothelial cytokinesis upon exposure to quasi-pathological concentrations of β-glucosylsphingosine. These findings support a premise for pathogenic disruption of cerebral angiogenesis as an end-organ effect, with potential for therapeutic modulation in neuronopathic Gaucher disease. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Jc Smith
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Fuller
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer T Saville
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy M Cox
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Cui C, Chen X, Liu Y, Cao B, Xing Y, Liu C, Yang F, Li Y, Yang T, Hua L, Tian M, Wei Y, Gong Y, Jiang J. β1,4-Galactosyltransferase V activates Notch1 signaling in glioma stem-like cells and promotes their transdifferentiation into endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:2219-2230. [PMID: 29269413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most aggressive human cancers, with very low survival rates. Recent studies have reported that glioma stem-like cells transdifferentiate into endothelial cells, indicating a new mechanism for tumor angiogenesis and potentially providing new therapeutic options for glioblastoma treatment. Glioma malignancy is strongly associated with altered expression of N-linked oligosaccharide structures on the cell surface. We have previously reported that β1,4-galactosyltransferase V (β1,4GalTV), which galactosylates the GlcNAcβ1-6Man arm of the branched N-glycans, is highly expressed in glioma and promotes glioma cell growth in vitro and in vivo However, the mechanism by which β1,4GalTV stimulates glioma growth is unknown. Here we demonstrate that short hairpin RNA-mediated β1,4GalTV knockdown inhibits the tumorigenesis of glioma stem-like cells and reduces their transdifferentiation into endothelial cells. We also found that β1,4GalTV overexpression increased glioma stem-like cell transdifferentiation into endothelial cells and that this effect required β1,4GalTV galactosylation activity. Moreover, β1,4GalTV promoted β1,4-galactosylation of Notch1 and increased Notch1 protein levels. Of note, ectopic expression of activated Notch1 rescued the inhibitory effect of β1,4GalTV depletion on glioma stem-like cell transdifferentiation. In summary, our findings indicate that β1,4GalTV stimulates transdifferentiation of glioma stem-like cells into endothelial cells by activating Notch1 signaling. These detailed insights shed important light on the mechanisms regulating glioma angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Cui
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Benjin Cao
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Xing
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fan Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yinan Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tianxiao Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingyang Hua
- the Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China, and
| | - Mi Tian
- the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuanyan Wei
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China,
| | - Ye Gong
- the Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China, and .,the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China,
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19
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Al Asoom LI. Coronary angiogenic effect of long-term administration of Nigella sativa. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:308. [PMID: 28610577 PMCID: PMC5470270 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronary angiogenesis is one of the preferable adaptive responses of aerobic training. Previous studies found inotropic and hypertrophic cardiac effects for long-term administration of Nigella sativa (NS), but no studies have explored its coronary angiogenic effect. The present study compared the effect of long-term NS- administration and exercise training on the induction of coronary angiogenesis. Method Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control, NS-fed, and exercise-trained (Ex). The NS-fed rats were administered 800 mg/Kg NS orally for eight weeks. The (Ex) rats were trained on a five-lane treadmill at a speed of 18 m/min and a grade of 32° for two hour/day for eight weeks. After the experiment, the hearts were extracted and immunohistological slides were prepared using rat vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), Von Willebrand factor (VWF) and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) antibodies (Ab). Photomicrographs were analysed using ImageJ software, and the % of the immunostained-area of 10 fields per specimen was recorded. Result VEGF was significantly higher in the NS- (2.59±1.37%) and Ex rats (2.51±1.86%) compared to the control group (1.58±0.78%) with P<0.01. The VWF was significantly lower in the two experimental groups (1.57±0.83%, 1.07±0.72%) for NS and Ex groups respectively, compared to the controls (2.38±1.72) with p<0.01. Only Ex group had a higher PECAM-1 (1.79±0.78%) and lower NOS-2 (0.83±0.57%) than the control group (1.19±1.17%, 1.25±1.19%) for PECAM-1 and NOS-2 with P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively. Conclusions The present study demonstrated an increase in VEGF and a decrease of the VWF in the hearts of Nigella-fed and exercise-trained rats. This might indicate the potentiality for induction of coronary angiogenesis via long-term administration of NS and exercise training. NS effect on coronary angiogenesis needs to be explored further as it might lead to a new promising preventive and therapeutic agent of the ischemic heart disease.
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20
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Sidman RL, Li J, Lawrence M, Hu W, Musso GF, Giordano RJ, Cardó-Vila M, Pasqualini R, Arap W. The peptidomimetic Vasotide targets two retinal VEGF receptors and reduces pathological angiogenesis in murine and nonhuman primate models of retinal disease. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:309ra165. [PMID: 26468327 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessel growth from preexisting vessels (angiogenesis) underlies many severe diseases including major blinding retinal diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and aged macular degeneration (AMD). This observation has driven development of antibody inhibitors that block a central factor in AMD, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), from binding to its receptors VEGFR-1 and mainly VEGFR-2. However, some patients are insensitive to current anti-VEGF drugs or develop resistance, and the required repeated intravitreal injection of these large molecules is costly and clinically problematic. We have evaluated a small cyclic retro-inverted peptidomimetic, D(Cys-Leu-Pro-Arg-Cys) [D(CLPRC)], and hereafter named Vasotide, that inhibits retinal angiogenesis by binding selectively to the VEGF receptors VEGFR-1 and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). Delivery of Vasotide via either eye drops or intraperitoneal injection in a laser-induced monkey model of human wet AMD, a mouse genetic knockout model of the AMD subtype called retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), and a mouse oxygen-induced model of ROP decreased retinal angiogenesis in all three animal models. This prototype drug candidate is a promising new dual receptor inhibitor of the VEGF ligand with potential for translation into safer, less-invasive applications to combat pathological angiogenesis in retinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Sidman
- Harvard Medical School and Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jianxue Li
- Harvard Medical School and Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matthew Lawrence
- RxGen Inc., Hamden, CT 06517, USA. St. Kitts Biomedical Research Foundation, St. Kitts, West Indies
| | - Wenzheng Hu
- RxGen Inc., Hamden, CT 06517, USA. St. Kitts Biomedical Research Foundation, St. Kitts, West Indies
| | | | - Ricardo J Giordano
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508, Brazil
| | - Marina Cardó-Vila
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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21
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Inhibitory effect of endostar on specific angiogenesis induced by human hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:957574. [PMID: 25983751 PMCID: PMC4423035 DOI: 10.1155/2015/957574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of endostar on specific angiogenesis induced by human hepatocellular carcinoma, this research systematically elucidated the inhibitory effect on HepG2-induced angiogenesis by endostar from 50 ng/mL to 50000 ng/mL. We employed fluorescence quantitative Boyden chamber analysis, wound-healing assay, flow cytometry examination using a coculture system, quantitative analysis of tube formation, and in vivo Matrigel plug assay induced by HCC conditioned media (HCM) and HepG2 compared with normal hepatocyte conditioned media (NCM) and L02. Then, we found that endostar as a tumor angiogenesis inhibitor could potently inhibit human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration in response to HCM after four- to six-hour action, inhibit HCM-induced HUVEC migration to the lesion part in a dose-dependent manner between 50 ng/mL and 5000 ng/mL at 24 hours, and reduce HUVEC proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. Endostar inhibited HepG2-induced tube formation of HUVECs which peaked at 50 ng/mL. In vivo Matrigel plug formation was also significantly reduced by endostar in HepG2 inducing system rather than in L02 inducing system. It could be concluded that, at cell level, endostar inhibited the angiogenesis-related biological behaviors of HUVEC in response to HCC, including migration, adhesion proliferation, and tube formation. At animal level, endostar inhibited the angiogenesis in response to HCC in Matrigel matrix.
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22
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FURUKAWA K. Challenge to the suppression of tumor growth by the β4-galactosyltransferase genes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 91:1-16. [PMID: 25743061 PMCID: PMC4405391 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.91.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that structural changes in glycans attached to proteins and lipids are associated with malignant transformation of cells. We focused on galactose residues among the sugars since they are involved in the galectin-mediated biology, and many carbohydrate antigens are frequently expressed on this sugar. We found changes in the expression of the β4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) 2 and 5 genes in cancer cells: decreased expression of the β4GalT2 gene and increased expression of the β4GalT5 gene. The growth of mouse melanoma cells showing enhanced expression of the β4GalT2 gene or reduced expression of the β4GalT5 gene is inhibited remarkably in syngeneic mice. Tumor growth inhibition is probably caused by the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, and/or reduced MAPK signals. Direct transduction of human β4GalT2 cDNA together with the adenovirus vector into human hepatocellular carcinoma cells grown in SCID mice results in marked growth retardation of the tumors. β4GalT gene-transfer appears to be a potential tool for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi FURUKAWA
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
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New vis-tas in lactosylceramide research. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 842:127-38. [PMID: 25408340 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11280-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Shirane K, Kuji R, Tareyanagi C, Sato T, Kobayashi Y, Furukawa S, Murata T, Kubota S, Ishikawa Y, Segawa K, Furukawa K. Gene expression levels of 4-galactosyltransferase 5 correlate with the tumorigenic potentials of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Glycobiology 2014; 24:532-41. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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25
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Sasaki N, Toyoda M. Glycoconjugates and related molecules in human vascular endothelial cells. Int J Vasc Med 2013; 2013:963596. [PMID: 24171112 PMCID: PMC3793293 DOI: 10.1155/2013/963596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of blood vessels. They are critically involved in many physiological functions, including control of vasomotor tone, blood cell trafficking, hemostatic balance, permeability, proliferation, survival, and immunity. It is considered that impairment of EC functions leads to the development of vascular diseases. The carbohydrate antigens carried by glycoconjugates (e.g., glycoproteins, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycans) mainly present on the cell surface serve not only as marker molecules but also as functional molecules. Recent studies have revealed that the carbohydrate composition of the EC surface is critical for these cells to perform their physiological functions. In this paper, we consider the expression and functional roles of endogenous glycoconjugates and related molecules (galectins and glycan-degrading enzymes) in human ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sasaki
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Sakaecho 35-2, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masashi Toyoda
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Sakaecho 35-2, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Prigozhina NL, Heisel AJ, Seldeen JR, Cosford NDP, Price JH. Amphiphilic suramin dissolves Matrigel, causing an 'inhibition' artefact within in vitro angiogenesis assays. Int J Exp Pathol 2013; 94:412-7. [PMID: 23998420 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of study concerning promotion and/or inhibition of angiogenesis has gathered much attention in the scientific community. A great deal of work has been invested towards defining reproducible assays to gauge for promotion or inhibition of angiogenesis in response to drug treatments or growth conditions. Two common components of these assays were noted by our group to have an unexpected and previously unreported interaction. Suramin is a commercially available compound, commonly used as a positive control for in vitro angiogenic inhibition assays. Matrigel is a popular extracellular substrate that supports angiogenic network formation when endothelial cells are cultured on its surface. However, our group demonstrated that suramin alone (without the presence of cells) will actively dissolve Matrigel, causing the extracellular matrix to transition from the gel-like physical state to a more liquid state. This causes cells on the Matrigel to congregate and sink to the bottom of the well. Therefore, previous observations of inhibition of endothelial cell angiogenesis through the incubation with suramin (including previous observations made by our group) are, largely, an artefact caused by suramin and matrix interaction rather than suramin and cells interaction, as previously reported. Our results suggest that the presence of sulphate groups and amphiphilic properties of suramin are likely responsible for the disruption of the matrix layer. We believe that this information is of prime importance to anyone using similar in vitro models, or employing suramin in any therapy or drug development assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L Prigozhina
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Vala Sciences Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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Abstract
The role of sphingolipids as bioactive signaling molecules that can regulate cell fate decisions puts them at center stage for cancer treatment and prevention. While ceramide and sphingosine have been established as antigrowth molecules, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) offers a progrowth message to cells. The enzymes responsible for maintaining the balance between these "stop" or "go" signals are the sphingosine kinases (SK), SK1 and SK2. While the relative contribution of SK2 is still being elucidated and may involve an intranuclear role, a substantial amount of evidence suggests that regulation of sphingolipid levels by SK1 is an important component of carcinogenesis. Here, we review the literature regarding the role of SK1 as an oncogene that can function to enhance cancer cell viability and promote tumor growth and metastasis; highlighting the importance of developing specific SK1 inhibitors to supplement current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Heffernan-Stroud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Chatterjee S, Alsaeedi N, Hou J, Bandaru VVR, Wu L, Halushka MK, Pili R, Ndikuyeze G, Haughey NJ. Use of a glycolipid inhibitor to ameliorate renal cancer in a mouse model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63726. [PMID: 23671696 PMCID: PMC3650082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In a xenograft model wherein, live renal cancer cells were implanted under the kidney capsule in mice, revealed a 30-fold increase in tumor volume over a period of 26 days and this was accompanied with a 32-fold increase in the level of lactosylceramide (LacCer). Mice fed D- threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP), an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase and lactosylceramide synthase (LCS: β-1,4-GalT-V), showed marked reduction in tumor volume. This was accompanied by a decrease in the mass of lactosylceramide and an increase in glucosylceramide (GlcCer) level. Mechanistic studies revealed that D-PDMP inhibited cell proliferation and angiogenesis by inhibiting p44MAPK, p-AKT-1 pathway and mammalian target for rapamycin (mTOR). By linking glycosphingolipid synthesis with tumor growth, renal cancer progression and regression can be evaluated. Thus inhibiting glycosphingolipid synthesis can be a bonafide target to prevent the progression of other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subroto Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Wang Z, Sun B, Zhang M, Ou L, Che Y, Zhang J, Kong D. Functionalization of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold with heparin and vascular endothelial growth factors for potential application as vascular grafts. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911512469707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a heparin-conjugated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun fiber was constructed to develop a functional scaffold for controlled release of vascular endothelial growth factors. The immobilization of vascular endothelial growth factor was achieved through affinity binding between heparin and vascular endothelial growth factor molecules. The sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor from the scaffold was followed for up to 15 days. The endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation assay demonstrated that immobilized vascular endothelial growth factor maintained its activity. The blood compatibility of the scaffold was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet adhesion test, and arteriovenous shunt, and the functionalized scaffold showed improved anticoagulation properties. The biocompatibility was evaluated by subcutaneous implantation. Results showed that this vascular endothelial growth factor–releasing scaffold stimulated neovascularization with minimum immunological rejection compared to the unmodified poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold. The present study demonstrated a new strategy of building bioactive scaffolds for the development of small-diameter vascular graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lailiang Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongzhe Che
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Inhibiting the growth of tumor vasculature represents one of the relevant strategies against tumor progression. Between all the different pro-angiogenic molecular targets, plasma membrane glycosphingolipids have been under-investigated. In this present study, we explore the anti-angiogenic therapeutic advantage of a tumor immunotherapy targeting the globotriaosylceramide Gb3. In this purpose, a monoclonal antibody against Gb3, named 3E2 was developed and characterized. We first demonstrate that Gb3 is over-expressed in proliferative endothelial cells relative to quiescent cells. Then, we demonstrate that 3E2 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation in vitro by slowing endothelial cell proliferation and by increasing mitosis duration. Antibody 3E2 is further effective in inhibiting ex vivo angiogenesis in aorta ring assays. Moreover, 3E2 treatment inhibits NXS2 neuroblastoma development and liver metastases spreading in A/J mice. Immunohistology examination of the NXS2 metastases shows that only endothelial cells, but not cancer cells express Gb3. Finally, 3E2 treatment diminishes tumor vessels density, proving a specific therapeutic action of our monoclonal antibody to tumor vasculature. Our study demonstrates that Gb3 is a viable alternative target for immunotherapy and angiogenesis inhibition.
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Chatterjee S, Alsaeedi N. Lactosylceramide synthase as a therapeutic target to mitigate multiple human diseases in animal models. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 749:153-69. [PMID: 22695844 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3381-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subroto Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Zhou Q, Zhu Y, Deng Z, Long H, Zhang S, Chen X. VEGF and EMMPRIN expression correlates with survival of patients with osteosarcoma. Surg Oncol 2011; 20:13-9. [PMID: 19836228 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN) expression in osteosarcoma, and to evaluate the clinical significance of these two markers in the survival of osteosarcoma. METHODS VEGF and EMMPRIN expression in paraffin-embedded specimens gathered from 65 patients with primary osteosarcoma were detected by the method of immunohistochemistry using antibodies against VEGF and EMMPRIN. The correlation of VEGF and EMMPRIN expression with the clinicopathologic features and with the survival of osteosarcoma was subsequently assessed. RESULTS The expression of VEGF and EMMPRIN was detected in 47/65 (72.31%) and 45/65 (69.23%) of patients with osteosarcoma, respectively. Positive expression of VEGF and EMMPRIN was significantly correlated with surgical stage and percentage of dead cells of osteosarcoma. A significant correlation was found between the expression of VEGF and EMMPRIN in osteosarcoma (r=0.89, p=0.01). Additionally, surgical stage, percentage of dead cells, VEGF and EMMPRIN expression showed significant influence on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, surgical stage (IIA versus IIB/III) and percentage of dead cells (≤90% versus >90%) were significant for DFS and OS. Those patients with VEGF+/EMMPRIN+ co-expression showed significantly shorter OS and DFS compared with VEGF-/EMMPRIN- expression. CONCLUSION According to our study, the overexpression of VEGF or EMMPRIN may be an important feature of osteosarcoma. A combined detection of VEGF/EMMPRIN co-expression may benefit us in prediction of a poor survival of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huai'an Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The combination of carbohydrate and lipid generates unusual molecules in which the two distinctive halves of the glycoconjugate influence the function of each other. Membrane glycolipids can act as primary receptors for carbohydrate binding proteins to mediate transmembrane signaling despite restriction to the outer bilayer leaflet. The extensive heterogeneity of the lipid moiety plays a significant, but still largely unknown, role in glycosphingolipid function. Potential interplay between glycolipids and their fatty acid isoforms, together with their preferential interaction with cholesterol, generates a complex mechanism for the regulation of their function in cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford A Lingwood
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Molecular Structure and Function, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Liu YY, Patwardhan GA, Xie P, Gu X, Giuliano AE, Cabot MC. Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2011; 39:425-31. [PMID: 21617856 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance causes treatment failure in approximately 50% of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) confers drug resistance in cancer cells, and suppression of GCS sensitizes cancers to chemotherapy in preclinical studies. Thus, GCS becomes a potential target to reverse drug resistance; however, little is known about GCS expression levels in normal tissues and whether GCS overexpression is associated with metastatic cancers. Herewith, we report our studies in GCS expression levels and breast cancer from patients. GCS levels were analyzed using cancer profiling arrays, breast cancer histo-arrays and quantitative RT-PCR in tumor tissues. We found that breast (18 exp. index) and other hormone-dependent organs (testis, cervix, ovary, prostate) displayed the lowest levels of GCS mRNA, whereas liver (52 exp. index) and other organs (kidney, bladder, stomach) displayed the highest levels of GCS. GCS mRNA levels were significantly elevated in tumors of breast, cervix, rectum and small intestine, as compared to each paired normal tissue. In mammary tissue, GCS overexpression was detected in breast cancers with metastasis, but not in benign fibroadenoma or primary tumors. GCS overexpression was coincident with HER2 expression (γ2=0.84) in ER-negative breast adenocarcinoma. In tumor specimens, GCS mRNA was elevated by 4-fold and significantly associated with stage III (5/7), lymph node-positive (7/8) and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers (7/9). GCS expression was significantly and selectively elevated in breast cancer, in particular in metastatic disease. GCS overexpression was highly associated with ER-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer with metastasis. Although a small study, these data suggest that GCS may be a prognostic indicator and potential target for the treatment of chemotherapy-refractory breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yu Liu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 700 University Avenue, Monroe, LA 71209, USA.
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Bergelin N, Löf C, Balthasar S, Kalhori V, Törnquist K. S1P1 and VEGFR-2 form a signaling complex with extracellularly regulated kinase 1/2 and protein kinase C-alpha regulating ML-1 thyroid carcinoma cell migration. Endocrinology 2010; 151:2994-3005. [PMID: 20501673 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) signaling have been shown to integrate in many biological processes. The follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line ML-1 expresses VEGFR-2 and secretes substantial amounts of both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF-C. ML-1 cells also express S1P-receptors (S1P(1-3,5)). S1P is able to phosphorylate VEGFR-2, and inhibiting VEGFR-2 attenuates S1P-induced migration and down-regulates S1P(1) expression in ML-1 cells. In the present study, we focused on the interactions between S1P(1) and VEGFR-2. We show that S1P receptors form complexes with VEGFR-2 and that the S1P(1)/VEGFR-2 complex associates with protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha and ERK1/2. Furthermore, the complex evokes bidirectional signaling since the S1P-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation is sensitive to VEGFR-2 kinase inhibition and VEGF-A-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation is sensitive to pertussis toxin treatment as well as S1P(1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment. Both S1P- and VEGF-A-induced haptotaxis is sensitive to pertussis toxin treatment and S1P(1) siRNA treatment. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 evoked by both VEGF-A and the S1P(1) agonist SEW-2871 is inhibited by PKC-alpha and PKC-betaI siRNA. We hypothesize that VEGFR-2 forms a signaling complex with S1P(1), evoking bidirectional signaling regulating both ERK1/2 phosphorylation and haptotaxis of ML-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bergelin
- Department of Biosciences, Abo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
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