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Qadri MM, Alam MF, Khired ZA, Alaqi RO, Khardali AA, Alasmari MM, Alrashah ASS, Muzafar HMA, Qahl AM. Thymoquinone Ameliorates Carfilzomib-Induced Renal Impairment by Modulating Oxidative Stress Markers, Inflammatory/Apoptotic Mediators, and Augmenting Nrf2 in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10621. [PMID: 37445797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced kidney damage is an emerging problem that restricts cancer treatment effectiveness. The proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib (CFZ) is primarily used to treat multiple myeloma and has been associated with severe renal injury in humans. CFZ-induced nephrotoxicity remains an unmet medical need, and there is an urgent need to find and develop a nephroprotective and antioxidant therapy for this condition. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a bioactive compound that has been isolated from Nigella sativa seeds. It has a wide range of pharmacological properties. Therefore, this experimental design aimed to study the effectiveness of TQ against CFZ-induced renal toxicity in rats. The first group of rats was a normal control (CNT); the second group received CFZ (4 mg/kg b.w.); the third and fourth groups received TQ (10 and 20 mg/kg b.w.) 2 h before receiving CFZ; the fifth group received only TQ (20 mg/kg b.w.). This experiment was conducted for 16 days, and at the end of the experiment, blood samples and kidney tissue were collected for biochemical assays. The results indicated that administration of CFZ significantly enhanced serum marker levels such as BUN, creatinine, and uric acid in the CFZ group. Similarly, it was also noticed that CFZ administration induced oxidative stress by reducing antioxidants (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD) and increasing lipid peroxidation. CFZ treatment also enhanced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production. Moreover, CFZ increased caspase-3 concentrations and reduced Nrf2 expression in the CFZ-administered group. However, treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg TQ significantly decreased serum markers and increased antioxidant enzymes. TQ treatment considerably reduced IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-3 concentrations. Overall, this biochemical estimation was also supported by histopathological outcomes. This study revealed that TQ administration significantly mitigated the negative effects of CFZ treatment on Nrf2 expression. Thus, it indicates that TQ may have utility as a potential drug to prevent CFZ-induced nephrotoxicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Inflammation Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Unit, Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Firoz Alam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zenat A Khired
- Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem O Alaqi
- Inflammation Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Unit, Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Khardali
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moudi M Alasmari
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S S Alrashah
- Pharmacy Administration, Ministry of Health, Health Affairs General Directorate, Najran 66251, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham M A Muzafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Qahl
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Elsheikh AM, M Roshdy T, Hassan SA, A Hussein M, M Fayed A. Resveratrol: A Potential Protector Against Benzo[a]pyrene- Induced Lung Toxicity. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:78-89. [PMID: 35001578 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.78.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a major component of lipophilic pollutants then can be translated to diffluent substances. The aim of t he present article was to investigate protective activity of resveratrol against lung toxicity induced by B[a]P. Material and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups (6 animals/group): 3 negative control groups, control positive, B[a]P (20 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt., resveratrol (50 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.)-B[a]P and vitamin C (1 g kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.)-B[a]P groups. <b>Results:</b> The daily oral administration of the resveratrol (50 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) and vitamin C (1 g kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) for 30 days to rats treated with B[a]P (20 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) resulted in a significant improve plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C as well as serum TNF-α, TBARS, IL-2,IL-6, haptoglobin, histamine, IgA, Ig E,Ig G and Ig M in B[a]P treated rats. On the other hand oral administration of resveratrol elevated the SOD, GPx and GR gene expression in lung rats treated with B[a]P. Furthermore, resveratrol and vitamin C nearly normalized these effects in lung histoarchitecture. <b>Conclusion:</b> The obtained biochemical, molecular biology and histological results of this study proved the lung protective activity of resveratrol against B[a]P induced lung toxicity in rats.
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Amin N, Du X, Chen S, Ren Q, Hussien AB, Botchway BOA, Hu Z, Fang M. Therapeutic impact of thymoquninone to alleviate ischemic brain injury via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:597-612. [PMID: 34236288 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1952986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inflammation plays a crucial role in ischemic brain injury. Therefore, the activation of the nuclear erythroid 2 related protein and heme-oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway by thymoquinone (TQ) could ameliorate ischemic brain damage.Areas covered: The photo-thrombotic method was employed to assess the impact of TQ in attenuating ischemic brain damage in C57BL/6 J mice and thy1-YFP-16 transgenic mice. In vitro study of TQ efficiency to attenuate the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induced cell death by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACs) analysis was also analyzed. The protein expression levels of Nrf2/HO-1, inflammatory, and apoptotic were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot techniques. Besides, mRNA expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), proto-oncogene (c-MYC), proto-oncogene (c-FOS), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HT), and autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The dendritic spine density of YFP slices was determined by confocal microscope.Results: Our in vivo and in vitro results indicated that TQ significantly mitigates brain damage and motor dysfunction after ischemic stroke. These observations coincided with curtailed cell death, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Most importantly, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway activation by TQ was vital in the modulation of the above processes. Lastly, we found TQ to have minimal toxicity in liver tissue.Conclusion: Our study gives credence to TQ as a promising intervention therapy for cerebral ischemia that decreases inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal cell death via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, along with modulation of apoptotic and autophagic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Du
- Translational Medicine Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shijia Chen
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Azhar B Hussien
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Hu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hajipour S, Farbood Y, Dianat M, Rashno M, Khorsandi LS, Sarkaki A. Thymoquinone improves cognitive and hippocampal long-term potentiation deficits due to hepatic encephalopathy in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:881-891. [PMID: 34712417 PMCID: PMC8528250 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.52824.11913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that causes brain disturbances. Thymoquinone (TQ) has a wide spectrum of activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TQ on spatial memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury and hepatic encephalopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups randomly: 1) Control; 2) HE, received TAA (200 mg/kg); 3-5) Treated groups (HE+TQ5, HE+TQ10, and HE+TQ20). TQ (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (IP) for 12 consecutive days from day 18 to 29. Subsequently, spatial memory performance was evaluated by the Morris water maze paradigm and hippocampal LTP was recorded from the dentate gyrus (DG) region. Activity levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in the hippocampal tissue. RESULTS Data showed that the hippocampal content of MDA was increased while SOD activities were decreased in TAA-induced HE. TQ treatment significantly improved spatial memory and LTP. Moreover, TQ restored the levels of MDA and SOD activities in the hippocampal tissue in HE rats. CONCLUSION Our data confirm that TQ could attenuate cognitive impairment and improve LTP deficit by modulating the oxidative stress parameters in this model of HE, which leads to impairment of spatial cognition and LTP deficit. Thus, these results suggest that TQ may be a promising agent with positive therapeutic effects against liver failure and HE defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hajipour
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashno
- Department of Immunology, Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
| | | | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University
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Elgohary S, Elkhodiry AA, Amin NS, Stein U, El Tayebi HM. Thymoquinone: A Tie-Breaker in SARS-CoV2-Infected Cancer Patients? Cells 2021; 10:302. [PMID: 33540625 PMCID: PMC7912962 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2) pandemic, arace to develop a vaccine has been initiated, considering the massive and rather significant economic and healthcare hits that this virus has caused. The pathophysiology occurring following COVID-19(coronavirus disease-2019) infection has givenhints regarding the supportive and symptomatic treatments to establish for patients, as no specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 is available yet. Patient symptoms vary greatly and range from mild symptoms to severe fatal complications. Supportive treatments include antipyretics, antiviral therapies, different combinations of broad-spectrum antibiotics, hydroxychloroquine and plasma transfusion. Unfortunately, cancer patients are at higher risk of viral infection and more likely to develop serious complications due to their immunocompromised state, the fact that they are already administering multiple medications, as well as combined comorbidity compared to the general population. It may seem impossible to find a drug that possesses both potent antiviral and anticancer effects specifically against COVID-19 infection and its complications and the existing malignancy, respectively. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the most pharmacologically active ingredient in Nigella sativa seeds (black seeds); it is reported to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various settings. In this review, we will discuss the multiple effects of TQ specifically against COVID-19, its beneficial effects against COVID-19 pathophysiology and multiple-organ complications, its use as an adjuvant for supportive COVID-19 therapy and cancer therapy, and finally, its anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Elgohary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (S.E.); (A.A.E.); (N.S.A.)
| | - Aya A. Elkhodiry
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (S.E.); (A.A.E.); (N.S.A.)
| | - Nada S. Amin
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (S.E.); (A.A.E.); (N.S.A.)
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (S.E.); (A.A.E.); (N.S.A.)
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Oskouei Z, Mehri S, Kalalinia F, Hosseinzadeh H. Evaluation of the effect of thymoquinone in d-galactose-induced memory impairments in rats: Role of MAPK, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways and telomere length. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2252-2266. [PMID: 33325602 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
D-galactose (d-gal) induces aging and memory impairment via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation pathways. This study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of thymoquinone (TQ) against d-gal. d-gal (400 mg/kg, SC), d-gal plus TQ (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), and TQ alone (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks were administered to rats. The effect of TQ on learning and memory were studied using the Morris water maze test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the hippocampus. The levels of MAPKs (p-ERK/ERK, p-P38/P38), cAMP response elements binding (p-CREB/CREB), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-1β), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were analyzed by western blotting. Telomere length was evaluated using real-time PCR. Memory and learning impairment, MDA enhancement, GSH reduction, and neuroinflammation via increasing the TNFα, IL-1β, and GFAP contents were observed in d-gal group. TQ with d-gal, improved memory impairment, reduced oxidative stress, and alleviated neuroinflammation. The elevated level of AGEs decreased by TQ compared to d-gal. No changes were observed in the levels of p-ERK/ERK, p-CREB/CREB, p-P38/P38, BDNF, and telomere length following administration of d-gal or TQ plus d-gal. TQ improved memory deficits of d-gal through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Oskouei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kalalinia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tabeshpour J, Mehri S, Abnous K, Hosseinzadeh H. Neuroprotective Effects of Thymoquinone in Acrylamide-Induced Peripheral Nervous System Toxicity Through MAPKinase and Apoptosis Pathways in Rat. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1101-1112. [PMID: 30725239 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02741-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is extensively used in industrial areas and has been demonstrated to induce neurotoxicity via oxidative stress and apoptosis. In this study, we assessed the probable protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ), an active constituent of Nigella sativa, against ACR-induced neurotoxicity. ACR (50 mg/kg, i.p., for 11 days) and TQ (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p., for 11 days) were administered to rats. On 12th day, gait score was examined and rats were sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were determined in sciatic nerve. Furthermore, western blotting was conducted. The exposure of rats to ACR caused severe gait disabilities. The MDA and GSH contents were increased and decreased, respectively. ACR decreased P-ERK/ERK ratio and myelin basic protein (MBP) content, but significantly increased P-JNK/JNK, P-P38/P38, Bax/Bcl-2 ratios and caspase 3 and 9 levels. Concurrently administration of TQ (5 and 10 mg/kg) with ACR, prevented gait abnormalities and meaningfully reduced MDA and elevated the GSH contents. Furthermore, TQ (5 mg/kg) elevated the P-ERK/ERK ratio and MBP content while reduced the P-JNK/JNK, P-P38/P38 ratios and apoptotic markers. MAP kinase and apoptosis signaling pathways were involved in ACR-induced neurotoxicity in rat sciatic nerve and TQ significantly reduced ACR neurotoxicity. TQ afforded neuroprotection, in part, due to its anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ma X, Wen JX, Gao SJ, He X, Li PY, Yang YX, Wei SZ, Zhao YL, Xiao XH. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. regulates the NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to alleviate cholestasis in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:1675-1687. [PMID: 30277564 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cholestasis is a critical risk factor for severe hepatic disease or cirrhosis. The anti-inflammatory effect of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PLP), named Chishao in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis model was tried to be elucidated in this research. METHODS Therapeutic effect indices on hepatic function, including ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, ALP, TBA and γ-GT, were measured. To further investigate the protective mechanism of PLP, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were detected. RESULTS Our results showed that compared with the model group, PLP could significantly reduce the increased serum indices such as ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, ALP, TBA and γ-GT induced by ANIT in a dose-dependent way. Moreover, we found that PLP downregulated the mRNA expression levels including IKK, p65, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β, especially at the large dose. Furthermore, PLP also significantly inhibited NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by decreasing the protein levels of p65, p-p65, p-IKK, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that PLP could ameliorate ANIT-induced cholestasis in rats and the anti-inflammatory effect of PLP might be related to regulating NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. This study will provide scientific evidence for PLP as a potential drug candidate for cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Xia Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Jia Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xindu District Shibantan Public Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng-Yan Li
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xue Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Zhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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Darand M, Alavian SM, Hekmatdoost A. Nigella sativa and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review of the Current Evidence. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2018; In Press. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.68046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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10
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Abdel-Daim MM, Shaheen HM, Abushouk AI, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS, Alansari WS, Aleya L, Bungau S. Thymoquinone and diallyl sulfide protect against fipronil-induced oxidative injury in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23909-23916. [PMID: 29881965 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide, widely used for agricultural and veterinary activities. Early reports indicated that FIP organ toxicity is primarily mediated by the induction of oxidative stress. Both thymoquinone (TQ) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) are natural antioxidants with established health benefits. This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of DAS and TQ against FPN-induced toxicity in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (150-180 g) were randomized into four treatment groups, receiving (I) saline, (II) FPN (10 mg/kg bw), (III) FPN with DAS (200 mg/kg bw), and (IV) FPN with TQ (10 mg/kg bw). All treatments were administered once daily for 28 days. The results showed that compared to the control rats, FPN-treated rats had significantly increased (p < 0.05) serum levels of uric acid, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, aspartate transferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Moreover, FPN significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the serum levels of total proteins, albumin, and triglycerides. In addition, compared with the control group, FPN-treated rats had significantly elevated (p < 0.05) malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, as well as significantly reduced glutathione concentration and activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in the hepatic, renal, and brain tissues. Cotreatment with DAS or TQ significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05) the FPN-induced alterations in all the previously mentioned parameters with more frequent restoration of normal control ranges in the TQ group. In conclusion, both DAS and TQ alleviated the oxidative injury of FPN, probably by enhancing tissue antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | | | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wafa S Alansari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science- Al Faisaliah King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, UMR CNRS 6249, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Bouhlel A, Bejaoui M, Ben Mosbah I, Hadj Abdallah N, Ribault C, Viel R, Hentati H, Corlu A, Ben Abdennebi H. Thymoquinone protects rat liver after partial hepatectomy under ischaemia/reperfusion through oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress prevention. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:943-951. [PMID: 29733120 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) is associated with liver injury and impaired regeneration during partial hepatectomy (PH). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the active compound of essential oil obtained from Nigella sativa seeds, on rat liver after PH. Male Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups (n = 6) receiving an oral administration of either vehicle solution (sham and PH groups) or TQ at 30 mg/kg (TQ and TQ + PH groups) for 10 consecutive days. Then, rats underwent PH (70%) with 60 minutes of ischaemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion (PH and TQ + PH groups). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and histopathological damage were determined. Also, antioxidant parameters, liver regeneration index, hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis were assessed. In response to PH under I/R, liver damage was significantly alleviated by TQ treatment as evidenced by the decrease in ALT activity (P < .01) and histological findings (P < .001). In parallel, TQ preconditioning increased hepatic antioxidant capacities. Moreover, TQ improved mitochondrial function (ATP, P < .05), attenuated ER stress parameters and repressed the expression of apoptotic effectors. Taken together, our results suggest that TQ preconditioning could be an effective strategy to reduce liver injury after PH under I/R. The protective effects were mediated by the increase of antioxidant capacities and the decrease of ER stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Bouhlel
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Biologie et Anthropologie Moléculaire Appliquées au Développement et à la Santé (UR12ES11), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bejaoui
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Biologie et Anthropologie Moléculaire Appliquées au Développement et à la Santé (UR12ES11), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ismail Ben Mosbah
- Institut Mondor Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
- Biopredic International, Rennes, France
| | - Najet Hadj Abdallah
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Biologie et Anthropologie Moléculaire Appliquées au Développement et à la Santé (UR12ES11), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Catherine Ribault
- INSERM, INRA, Université Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S1241, UMR_A 1341, Rennes, France
| | - Roselyne Viel
- Université de Rennes 1, US18, UMS 3480 Biosit, Biogenouest, Plateforme H2P2, Rennes, France
| | - Hassen Hentati
- Institut Mondor Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Anne Corlu
- INSERM, INRA, Université Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S1241, UMR_A 1341, Rennes, France
| | - Hassen Ben Abdennebi
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Unité de Biologie et Anthropologie Moléculaire Appliquées au Développement et à la Santé (UR12ES11), Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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12
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Tekbas A, Huebner J, Settmacher U, Dahmen U. Plants and Surgery: The Protective Effects of Thymoquinone on Hepatic Injury-A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041085. [PMID: 29621129 PMCID: PMC5979411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodal treatment concepts including liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), extended resection methods and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastasis significantly improve patients’ outcome. However, surgery-induced hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and chemotherapy-associated hepatotoxicity result in hepatocellular damage and compromised liver function. Activation of common key pathways in ischemic liver and hepatotoxic injury results in oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis causing organ damage. Controlling liver damage before and during surgery is essential for the postoperative outcome. Nigella sativa has a long tradition as a natural remedy. In the essential oil, Thymoquinone (TQ) was identified as the main component and responsible for most of the therapeutic effects. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to summarize the hepatoprotective effects of TQ and its potential suitability to improve surgical outcome by reducing surgical ischemic injury and hepatotoxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The key findings can be summarized as TQ having strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, anti-/proapoptotic and anticarcinogenic effects. Almost no side effects were reported irrespective of a large dose range, suggesting a wide therapeutic window. These results give rise to the expectation that TQ could evolve to a novel powerful drug to reduce hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Tekbas
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Department of Hematology and Internal Oncology, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Utz Settmacher
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Uta Dahmen
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Rani R, Dahiya S, Dhingra D, Dilbaghi N, Kim KH, Kumar S. Improvement of antihyperglycemic activity of nano-thymoquinone in rat model of type-2 diabetes. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 295:119-132. [PMID: 29421519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone is a bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa seeds. It has been reported to possess antihyperglycemic effect in rats. However, the effect of nanoformulation (NF) of thymoquinone has not been reported in literature. So, the present study was designed with the aim to investigate the effect of nanoformulation of thymoquinone in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetic rats and compare its effect with pure bioactive compound as well as metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug. It is the first study reporting the use of thymoquinone NF against diabetes. Polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) of thymoquinone and metformin were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using gum rosin, a biocompatible polymer. Box-Behnken statistical analysis tool was used for the optimization of polymer and other excipients. The NCs were then characterized with respect to particle size, stability, morphology, and in vitro drug dissolution profiles. Furthermore, thymoquinone (20, 40 & 80 mg/kg), metformin (150 mg/kg) and their nanoformulations (20, 40 & 80 mg/kg for thymoquinone and 80 mg/kg for metformin) per se were administered for 21 successive days to type-2 diabetic rats. Body weight and blood glucose levels were measured every week for 3 weeks. Serum lipid profile and glycosylated hemoglobin were estimated on 22nd day. The nanocapsules were stable, spherical in shape and size was less than 100 nm. Thymoquinone-and metformin-loaded NCs showed sustained release profile as compared to their pure forms. Oral administration of thymoquinone, metformin and their nanoformulations significantly decreased blood glucose level and glycated haemoglobin; and improved the lipid profile of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control rats. Thymoquinone-loaded NCs (containing 10, 20 and 40 mg of thymoquinone) produced dose-dependent antihyperglycemic effect and this effect was comparable to thymoquinone and metformin. In conclusion, thymoquinone nanocapsules (actually containing half of the doses of thymoquinone) produced better antihyperglycemic effect in type-2 diabetic rats as compared to thymoquinone alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rani
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Shakti Dahiya
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Dinesh Dhingra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India.
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Goyal SN, Prajapati CP, Gore PR, Patil CR, Mahajan UB, Sharma C, Talla SP, Ojha SK. Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development of Thymoquinone: A Multitargeted Molecule of Natural Origin. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:656. [PMID: 28983249 PMCID: PMC5613109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone, a monoterpene molecule is chemically known as 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1, 4-benzoquinone. It is abundantly present in seeds of Nigella sativa L. that is popularly known as black cumin or black seed and belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. A large number of studies have revealed that thymoquinone is the major active constituent in N. sativa oil this constituent is responsible for the majority of the pharmacological properties. The beneficial organoprotective activities of thymoquinone in experimental animal models of different human diseases are attributed to the potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thymoquinone has also been shown to alter numerous molecular and signaling pathways in many inflammatory and degenerative diseases including cancer. Thymoquinone has been reported to possess potent lipophilicity and limited bioavailability and exhibits light and heat sensitivity. Altogether, these physiochemical properties encumber the successful formulation for the delivery of drug in oral dosages form and restrict the pharmaceutical development. In recent past, many efforts were undertaken to improve the bioavailability for clinical usage by manipulating the physiochemical parameters. The present review aimed to provide insights regarding the physicochemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics and the methods to promote pharmaceutical development and endorse the clinical usage of TQ in future by overcoming the associated physiochemical obstacles. It also enumerates briefly the pharmacological and molecular targets of thymoquinone as well as the pharmacological properties in various diseases and the underlying molecular mechanism. Though, a convincing number of experimental studies are available but human studies are not available with thymoquinone despite of the long history of use of black cumin in different diseases. Thus, the clinical studies including pharmacokinetic studies and regulatory toxicity studies are required to encourage the clinical development of thymoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer N. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
- SVKM Institute of PharmacyDhule, India
| | - Chaitali P. Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Prashant R. Gore
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Umesh B. Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandhya P. Talla
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Ganesan K, Jayachandran M, Xu B. A critical review on hepatoprotective effects of bioactive food components. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1165-1229. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1244154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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16
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Yao H, Xu Y, Yin L, Tao X, Xu L, Qi Y, Han X, Sun P, Liu K, Peng J. Dioscin Protects ANIT-Induced Intrahepatic Cholestasis Through Regulating Transporters, Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:116. [PMID: 28337145 PMCID: PMC5340742 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis, a clinical syndrome, is caused by excessive accumulation of bile acids in body and liver. Proper regulation of bile acids in liver cells is critical for liver injury. We previously reported the effects of dioscin against α-naphthylisothio- cyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis in rats. However, the pharmacological and mechanism data are limited. In our work, the animals of rats and mice, and Sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCHs) were caused by ANIT, and dioscin was used for the treatment. The results showed that dioscin markedly altered relative liver weights, restored ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, SOD levels, and rehabilitated ROS level and cell apoptosis. In mechanism study, dioscin not only significantly regulated the protein levels of Ntcp, OAT1, OCT1, Bsep and Mrp2 to accelerate bile acids excretion, but also regulated the expression levels of Bak, Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 in vivo and in vitro to improve apoptosis. In addition, dioscin markedly inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway and up-regulated the levels of Nrf2, GCLc, GCLm, NQO1 and HO-1 against oxidative stress (OS) caused by bile acids. These results were further validated by inhibition of PI3K and Akt using the inhibitors of wortmannin and perifosine in SCHs. Our data showed that dioscin had good action against ANIT-caused intrahepatic cholestasis through regulating transporters, apoptosis and OS. This natural product can be considered as one active compound to treat intrahepatic cholestasis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Youwei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Lianhong Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Yan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Xu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian, China
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17
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Bargi R, Asgharzadeh F, Beheshti F, Hosseini M, Farzadnia M, Khazaei M. Thymoquinone protects the rat kidneys against renal fibrosis. Res Pharm Sci 2017; 12:479-487. [PMID: 29204176 PMCID: PMC5691574 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.217428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active ingredient of Nigella sativa seeds with various pharmacological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TQ on renal fibrosis and permeability and oxidative stress status in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in male rats. Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups as follow: control (received normal saline), LPS (1 mg/kg/day), and LPS+TQ (by doses of 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg/day). After three weeks, the biochemical parameters such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in serum samples, oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in renal tissue homogenate and renal permeability (evaluated by Evan’s blue dye method) were measured and renal fibrosis was evaluated, histologically using Masson’s trichrome staining. LPS administration induced renal fibrosis (1.49 ± 0.08 vs. 7.15 ± 0.18%) and significantly increased renal permeability (6.03 ± 1.05 vs. 13.5 ± 1.04 μg evans blue(EB)/g tissue), serum BUN and creatinine levels and oxidative stress marker (MDA) (P < 0.05), while, it reduced anti-oxidative markers including total thiol group, SOD and CAT activities (P < 0.05). Administration of TQ significantly improved these alterations which were dose-dependent in oxidative stress markers, renal permeability (TQ 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg: 10.7 ± 0.3, 9.2 ± 1.4 and 11.5 ± 0.6 μg EB/g tissue; respectively) and fibrosis (TQ 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg: 6.09 ± 0.7, 4.26 ± 0.14 and 2.52 ± 0.08%; respectively). In conclusion, administration of TQ reduced renal fibrosis and permeability and improved oxidative stress status. Thus, TQ can be considered in conditions accompanied with chronic inflammation at least as a part of treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Bargi
- Department of Physiology and Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology and Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Department of Physiology and Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Mehdi Farzadnia
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology and Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
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18
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Elmowafy M, Samy A, Raslan MA, Salama A, Said RA, Abdelaziz AE, El-Eraky W, El Awdan S, Viitala T. Enhancement of Bioavailability and Pharmacodynamic Effects of Thymoquinone Via Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:663-72. [PMID: 26304932 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), obtained from black cumin (Nigella sativa), is a natural product with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects but unfortunately with poor bioavailability. Aiming to improve its poor oral bioavailability, TQ-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were prepared by high-speed homogenization followed by ultrasonication and evaluated in vitro. Bioavailability and pharmacodynamic studies were also performed. The resultant NLCs showed poor physical homogeneity in Compritol 888 ATO Pluronic F127 system which consequently produced larger particle size and polydispersity index, smaller zeta potential values, and lower short-term (30 days) physical stability than other systems. Encapsulation efficiency percentage (EE%) lied between 84.6 ± 5% and 96.2 ± 1.6%. TQ AUC0-t values were higher in animals treated with NLCs, with a relative bioavailability of 2.03- and 3.97-fold (for F9 and F12, respectively) higher than TQ suspension, indicating bioavailability enhancement by NLC formulation. Hepatoprotective effects of F12 showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in both serum alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase to reach 305.0 ± 24.88 and 304.7 ± 23.55 U/ml, respectively, when compared with untreated toxic group. Anti-oxidant efficacy of F12 showed significant (P < 0.05) decline of malondialdehyde and elevation of reduced glutatione. This improvement was also confirmed histopathologically.
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Erboga M, Kanter M, Aktas C, Sener U, Fidanol Erboga Z, Bozdemir Donmez Y, Gurel A. Thymoquinone Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress in Rats is Based on its Anti-Apoptotic and Anti-Oxidant Properties. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 170:165-72. [PMID: 26226832 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), an environmental and industrial pollutant, generates free radicals responsible for oxidative stress. Cd can also lead to various renal toxic damage such as the proximal tubules and glomerulus dysfunction. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main constituent of the essential oil obtained from black seeds (Nigella sativa) and has various pharmacological effects. The aim of the present study was to examine the nephroprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic effect of the TQ against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control, Cd-treated, and Cd-treated with TQ; each group contain eight animals. The Cd-treated group was injected subcutaneously with CdCl2 dissolved in saline in the amount of 2 ml/kg/day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg Cd. The rats in TQ-treated groups were given TQ (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally together with first Cd injection during the study period. The histopathological studies in the kidney of rats also showed that TQ markedly reduced the toxicity of Cd and preserved the normal histological architecture of the renal tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TQ significantly decreased the Cd-induced over expression of nuclear factor-κB in renal tissue. Furthermore, TQ treatment resulted in decreased the number of apoptotic cells. TQ significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation, compensated deficits in the anti-oxidant defenses (reduced superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities) in renal tissue resulted from Cd administration. These findings suggest that the nephroprotective potential of TQ in Cd toxicity might be due to its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, which could be useful for achieving optimum effects in Cd-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul Medeniyet, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Umit Sener
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Fidanol Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Bozdemir Donmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
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20
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Kanter M, Takir M, Mutlu HH, Kanter B, Kostek O, Toprak AE. Protective Effects of Curcumin on Intestinal Damage in Cholestatic Rats. J INVEST SURG 2015; 29:128-36. [PMID: 26682581 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2015.1088604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of curcumin on oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the rat intestinal mucosa after bile duct ligation (BDL). METHODS A total of 18 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham control, BDL and BDL+curcumin; each group contain six animals. The rats in the curcumin-treated group were given curcumin (100 mg/kg) once a day orally for 14 days, starting 3 days prior to BDL operation. Following 14 days of treatment, all the animals were decapitated and intestinal tissues samples obtained for biochemical and histopathological investigation. RESULTS Curcumin treatment was found to significantly lower elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, and to raise reduced glutathione levels in intestinal tissues samples. BDL caused severe histopathological injury, including shortening of the villi, loss of villous epithelium, multiple erosions, inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, and hemorrhage into the intestinal wall. Curcumin treatment significantly attenuated the severity of intestinal injury, with inhibition of BDL-induced apoptosis and cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Curcumin treatment has a protective effect against intestinal damage induced by BDL. The ability of curcumin treatment is to inhibit BDL-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanter
- a Department of Histology and Embriyology, Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul Medeniyet University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Mumtaz Takir
- b Clinics of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology , Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Education and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Hasan Huseyin Mutlu
- c Clinics of Family Medicine , Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Education and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Betul Kanter
- d Faculty of Medicine , Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Osman Kostek
- e Clinics of Internal Medicine , Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Education and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Aybala Erek Toprak
- f Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul Medeniyet University , Istanbul , Turkey
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21
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Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Zhang ZJ, Lao L, Wong CW, Feng Y. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26087-124. [PMID: 26540040 PMCID: PMC4661801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 951] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex antioxidant system has been developed in mammals to relieve oxidative stress. However, excessive reactive species derived from oxygen and nitrogen may still lead to oxidative damage to tissue and organs. Oxidative stress has been considered as a conjoint pathological mechanism, and it contributes to initiation and progression of liver injury. A lot of risk factors, including alcohol, drugs, environmental pollutants and irradiation, may induce oxidative stress in liver, which in turn results in severe liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Application of antioxidants signifies a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. Although conclusions drawn from clinical studies remain uncertain, animal studies have revealed the promising in vivo therapeutic effect of antioxidants on liver diseases. Natural antioxidants contained in edible or medicinal plants often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also supposed to be the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits. In this review, PubMed was extensively searched for literature research. The keywords for searching oxidative stress were free radicals, reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, anti-oxidative therapy, Chinese medicines, natural products, antioxidants and liver diseases. The literature, including ours, with studies on oxidative stress and anti-oxidative therapy in liver diseases were the focus. Various factors that cause oxidative stress in liver and effects of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases were summarized, questioned, and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Woon Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Aumailley L, Garand C, Dubois MJ, Johnson FB, Marette A, Lebel M. Metabolic and Phenotypic Differences between Mice Producing a Werner Syndrome Helicase Mutant Protein and Wrn Null Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140292. [PMID: 26447695 PMCID: PMC4598085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by mutations in a RecQ-family DNA helicase, WRN. Mice lacking part of the helicase domain of the WRN orthologue exhibit many phenotypic features of WS, including metabolic abnormalities and a shorter mean life span. In contrast, mice lacking the entire Wrn protein (i.e. Wrn null mice) do not exhibit a premature aging phenotype. In this study, we used a targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach to identify serum metabolites that are differentially altered in young Wrn helicase mutant and Wrn null mice. An antibody-based quantification of 43 serum cytokines and markers of cardiovascular disease risk complemented this study. We found that Wrn helicase mutants exhibited elevated and decreased levels, respectively, of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18. Wrn helicase mutants also exhibited an increase in serum hydroxyproline and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, markers of extracellular matrix remodeling of the vascular system and inflammation in aging. We also observed an abnormal increase in the ratio of very long chain to short chain lysophosphatidylcholines in the Wrn helicase mutants underlying a peroxisome perturbation in these mice. Remarkably, the Wrn mutant helicase protein was mislocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum and the peroxisomal fractions in liver tissues. Additional analyses with mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated a severe defect of the autophagy flux in cells derived from Wrn helicase mutants compared to wild type and Wrn null animals. These results indicate that the deleterious effects of the helicase-deficient Wrn protein are mediated by the dysfunction of several cellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Aumailley
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Garand
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Julie Dubois
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - F. Brad Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - André Marette
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Lebel
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ma X, Zhao YL, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Wang JB, Li RY, Chen C, Wei SZ, Li JY, Liu B, Wang RL, Li YG, Wang LF, Xiao XH. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. protects against ANIT-induced cholestasis by activating Nrf2 via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:5061-74. [PMID: 26366057 PMCID: PMC4562737 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s90030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PLP), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for hepatic disease treatment over thousands of years. In our previous study, PLP was shown to demonstrate therapeutic effect on hepatitis with severe cholestasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative effect of PLP on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis by activating NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Materials and methods Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to identify the main compounds present in PLP. The mechanism of action of PLP and its therapeutic effect on cholestasis, induced by ANIT, were further investigated. Serum indices such as total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), and total bile acid (TBA) were measured, and histopathology of liver was also performed to determine the efficacy of treatment with PLP. Moreover, in order to illustrate the underlying signaling pathway, liver glutathione (GSH) content and mRNA or protein levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc), glutamate-cysteine ligase modulatory subunit (GCLm), Akt, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H/quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), and Nrf2 were further analyzed. In addition, validation of PLP putative target network was also performed in silico. Results Four major compounds including paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, and benzoylpaeoniflorin were identified by LC-MS analysis in water extract of PLP. Moreover, PLP could remarkably downregulate serum levels of TBIL, DBIL, AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GT, and TBA, and alleviate the histological damage of liver tissue caused by ANIT. It enhanced antioxidative system by activating PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway through increasing Akt, Nrf2, HO-1, Nqo1, GCLc, and GCLm expression. The putative targets network validation also confirmed the important role of PLP in activating Akt expression. Conclusion The potential mechanism of PLP in alleviating ANIT-induced cholestasis could to be related to the induction of GSH synthesis by activating Nrf2 through PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway. This indicates that PLP might be a potential therapeutic agent for cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-yu Li
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Chen
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-zhang Wei
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-yu Li
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rui-lin Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-gang Li
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-fu Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-he Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Thymoquinone and its therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Res 2015; 95-96:138-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ghazwani M, Zhang Y, Gao X, Fan J, Li J, Li S. Anti-fibrotic effect of thymoquinone on hepatic stellate cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:254-260. [PMID: 24182989 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cell type involved in the production of extracellular matrix in liver. After liver injury, HSCs undergo transdifferentiation process from quiescent state to activated state, which plays an important role in liver fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that thymoquinone (TQ) might have protective effect against liver fibrosis in animal models; however, the underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to examine whether TQ has any direct effect on HSCs. Our results showed that pretreatment of mice with TQ has protective effect against CCl4-induced liver injury compared to control group (untreated), which is consistent with previous studies. Moreover, our in vivo study showed that COL1A1 and α-SMA mRNA levels were significantly downregulated by TQ treatment. Similarly, in vitro study confirmed that TQ downregulated COL1A1, COL3A1 and α-SMA mRNA levels in activated rat HSCs and LX2 cells, an immortalized human hepatic stellate cell line. Pretreatment with TQ also inhibited the LPS-induced proinflammatory response in LX2 cells as demonstrated by reduced mRNA expression of IL-6 and MCP-1. Mechanistically, inactivation of NF-κB pathway is likely to play a role in the TQ-mediated inhibition of proinflammatory response in HSCs. Finally, we have shown that TQ inhibited the culture-triggered transdifferentiation of freshly isolated rat HSCs as shown by significant downregulation of mRNA expression of several fibrosis-related genes. In conclusion, our study suggests that TQ has a direct effect on HSCs, which may contribute to its overall antifibrotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghazwani
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Ayvaz S, Kanter M, Aksu B, Sahin SH, Uzun H, Erboga M, Pul M. The effects of hyperbaric oxygen application against cholestatic oxidative stress and hepatic damage after bile duct ligation in rats. J Surg Res 2013; 183:146-55. [PMID: 23462455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic potential of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) on the liver tissue against bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced oxidative damage and fibrosis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We divided 32 adult male Sprague Dawley rats into four groups: sham, sham plus HBO, BDL, and BDL plus HBO; each group contained eight animals. We placed the sham plus HBO and BDL plus HBO groups in an experimental hyperbaric chamber in which we administered pure oxygen at 2.5 atmospheres absolute 100% oxygen for 90 min on 14 consecutive days. RESULTS The application of BDL clearly increased the tissue malondialdehyde level, myeloperoxidase activity, and hydroxyproline content and decreased the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities) and glutathione level. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde level, myeloperoxidase activity, and hydroxyproline content and increased the reduced superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and glutathione level in the tissues. The changes demonstrating the bile duct proliferation and fibrosis in expanded portal tracts include the extension of proliferated bile ducts into lobules, mononuclear cells, and neutrophil infiltration into the widened portal areas were observed in BDL group. Treatment of BDL with HBO attenuated alterations in liver histology. Alpha smooth muscle actin, cytokeratin-positive ductular proliferation, and the activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-triphosphate nick end labeling in the BDL decreased with HBO treatment. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that HBO attenuates BDL-induced oxidative injury, hepatocytes damage, bile duct proliferation, and fibrosis. The hepatoprotective effect of HBO is associated with antioxidative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Ayvaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Aktas C, Kanter M, Erboga M, Mete R, Oran M. Melatonin attenuates oxidative stress, liver damage and hepatocyte apoptosis after bile-duct ligation in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 30:835-44. [PMID: 23095487 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712464811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of melatonin against cholestatic oxidative stress, liver damage and hepatocyte apoptosis in the common rats with bile duct ligation (BDL). A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control, BDL and BDL + received melatonin; each group contains eight animals. Melatonin-treated BDL rats received daily melatonin 100 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection. The application of BDL clearly increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities. Melatonin treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue MDA levels and increased the reduced SOD and GSH enzyme levels in the tissues. The changes demonstrate that the bile duct proliferation and fibrosis in expanded portal tracts include the extension of proliferated bile ducts into lobules, mononuclear cells and neutrophil infiltration into the widened portal areas as observed in the BDL group. The data indicate that melatonin attenuates BDL-induced cholestatic liver injury, bile duct proliferation and fibrosis. The α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the BDL were observed to be reduced with the melatonin treatment. These results suggest that administration of melatonin is a potentially beneficial agent to reduce liver damage in BDL by decreasing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Rafet Mete
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Oran
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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