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Młynarczyk MA, Domian N, Kasacka I. Evaluation of the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in the Hearts of Hypertensive Rats of Various Etiologies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6428. [PMID: 38928134 PMCID: PMC11204257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling dysregulation is associated with the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including hypertension and heart disease. The aim of this study was to immunohistochemically evaluate and compare the expression of the Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin genes in the hearts of rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHRs) and deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-induced hypertension. The myocardial expression of Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the gene expression was assessed with a real-time PCR method. In SHRs, the immunoreactivity of Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin was attenuated in comparison to that in normotensive animals. In DOCA-salt-induced hypertension, the immunoreactivity of Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin was enhanced. In SHRs, decreases in the expression of the genes encoding Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin were observed compared to the control group. Increased expression of the genes encoding Fzd8, WNT1, GSK-3β, and β-catenin was demonstrated in the hearts of rats with DOCA-salt-induced hypertension. Wnt signaling may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and the accompanying heart damage. The obtained results may constitute the basis for further research aimed at better understanding the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the functioning of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (M.A.M.); (N.D.)
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Balatskyi VV, Sowka A, Dobrzyn P, Piven OO. WNT/β-catenin pathway is a key regulator of cardiac function and energetic metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13912. [PMID: 36599355 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin pathway is a master regulator of cardiac development and growth, and its activity is low in healthy adult hearts. However, even this low activity is essential for maintaining normal heart function. Acute activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade is considered to be cardioprotective after infarction through the upregulation of prosurvival genes and reprogramming of metabolism. Chronically high WNT/β-catenin pathway activity causes profibrotic and hypertrophic effects in the adult heart. New data suggest more complex functions of β-catenin in metabolic maturation of the perinatal heart, establishing an adult pattern of glucose and fatty acid utilization. Additionally, low basal activity of the WNT/β-catenin cascade maintains oxidative metabolism in the adult heart, and this pathway is reactivated by physiological or pathological stimuli to meet the higher energy needs of the heart. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the organization of canonical WNT signaling and its function in cardiogenesis, heart maturation, adult heart function, and remodeling. We also discuss the role of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in cardiac glucose, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Sowka
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana O Piven
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Notch1 Is Involved in Physiologic Cardiac Hypertrophy of Mice via the p38 Signaling Pathway after Voluntary Running. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043212. [PMID: 36834623 PMCID: PMC9966550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate exercise such as voluntary wheel-running can induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Notch1 plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy; however, the experimental results are inconsistent. In this experiment, we aimed to explore the role of Notch1 in physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Twenty-nine adult male mice were randomly divided into a Notch1 heterozygous deficient control (Notch1+/- CON) group, a Notch1 heterozygous deficient running (Notch1+/- RUN) group, a wild type control (WT CON) group, and a wild type running (WT RUN) group. Mice in the Notch1+/- RUN and WT RUN groups had access to voluntary wheel-running for two weeks. Next, the cardiac function of all of the mice was examined by echocardiography. The H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, and a Western blot assay were carried out to analyze cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and the expression of proteins relating to cardiac hypertrophy. After two-weeks of running, the Notch1 receptor expression was decreased in the hearts of the WT RUN group. The degree of cardiac hypertrophy in the Notch1+/- RUN mice was lower than that of their littermate control. Compared to the Notch1+/- CON group, Notch1 heterozygous deficiency could lead to a decrease in Beclin-1 expression and the ratio of LC3II/LC3I in the Notch1+/- RUN group. The results suggest that Notch1 heterozygous deficiency could partly dampen the induction of autophagy. Moreover, Notch1 deficiency may lead to the inactivation of p38 and the reduction of β-catenin expression in the Notch1+/- RUN group. In conclusion, Notch1 plays a critical role in physiologic cardiac hypertrophy through the p38 signaling pathway. Our results will help to understand the underlying mechanism of Notch1 on physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Alharbi KS, Singh Y, Afzal O, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Alzarea SI, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G. Molecular explanation of Wnt/βcatenin antagonist pyrvinium mediated calcium equilibrium changes in aging cardiovascular disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11101-11111. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cardiac Cx43 Signaling Is Enhanced and TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 Suppressed in Response to Cold Acclimation and Modulated by Thyroid Status in Hairless SHRM. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071707. [PMID: 35885012 PMCID: PMC9313296 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are prone to malignant arrhythmias, mainly due to disorders of electrical coupling protein Cx43 and the extracellular matrix. Cold acclimation may induce cardio-protection, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We aimed to explore whether the adaptation of 9-month-old hairless SHRM to cold impacts the fundamental cardiac pro-arrhythmia factors, as well as the response to the thyroid status. There were no significant differences in the registered biometric, redox and blood lipids parameters between hairless (SHRM) and wild type SHR. Prominent findings revealed that myocardial Cx43 and its variant phosphorylated at serine 368 were increased, while an abnormal cardiomyocyte Cx43 distribution was attenuated in hairless SHRM vs. wild type SHR males and females. Moreover, the level of β-catenin, ensuring mechanoelectrical coupling, was increased as well, while extracellular matrix collagen-1 and hydroxyproline were lower and the TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3 pathway was suppressed in hairless SHRM males compared to the wild type strain. Of interest, the extracellular matrix remodeling was less pronounced in females of both hypertensive strains. There were no apparent differences in response to the hypothyroid or hyperthyroid status between SHR strains concerning the examined markers. Our findings imply that hairless SHRM benefit from cold acclimation due to the attenuation of the hypertension-induced adverse downregulation of Cx43 and upregulation of extracellular matrix proteins.
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Srivastava S, Yadav S, Singh G, Bajwa SS. Wnt/β-catenin antagonist pyrvinium rescues high dose isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Biochemical and immunohistological evidences. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Młynarczyk M, Kasacka I. The role of the Wnt / β-catenin pathway and the functioning of the heart in arterial hypertension - A review. Adv Med Sci 2022; 67:87-94. [PMID: 35101653 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many factors and molecular pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. The increase in blood pressure may be determined by the properties of specific gene products and their associated action with environmental factors. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway which is essential for organ damage repair and homeostasis. Deregulation of the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway may be directly or indirectly related to myocardial hypertrophy, as well as to cardiomyocyte remodeling and remodeling processes in pathological states of this organ. There are reports pointing to the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the course and development of organ complications in conditions of arterial hypertension. This paper presents the current state of knowledge of the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the regulation of arterial pressure and its impact on the physiology and the development of the complications of arterial hypertension in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryla Młynarczyk
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Sen P, Gupta K, Kumari A, Singh G, Pandey S, Singh R. Wnt/β-Catenin Antagonist Pyrvinium Exerts Cardioprotective Effects in Polymicrobial Sepsis Model by Attenuating Calcium Dyshomeostasis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:517-532. [PMID: 33723718 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Calcium dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are key elements in the development of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Evidences have suggested that inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin signalling prevents cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in surgical, hypertension and pressure overload models. The present study investigated the effects of Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitor on calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat sepsis model of cardiomyopathy. Induction of sepsis by cecal ligation puncture (CLP) resulted in the up-regulation of cardiac β-catenin transcriptional levels and cardiac dysfunction depicted by increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, CK-MB levels reduced maximum (dp/dt max.) and minimum developed pressure (dp/dt min.), increased LVEsDP and relaxation constant tau values. Moreover, oxidative and inflammatory stress, immune cell infiltration, increased myeloperoxidase activity, enhanced caspase-3 activity and fibronectin protein levels were observed in septic rat's heart. Also, septic rat's heart displayed mitochondrial dysfunction due to mPTP opening, increased calcium up-regulation in left ventricular apex tissues and whole heart, increased collagen staining, necrosis and structural damage. Pre-treatment with Wnt/β-Catenin antagonist attenuated sepsis-induced serum and tissue biochemical changes, cardiac dysfunction and structural alterations by inhibiting mitochondrial mPTP opening and restricting calcium overloading in cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sen
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Kirti Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Abha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Gaaminepreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.
| | - Sneha Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ragini Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Bogdanova E, Beresneva O, Galkina O, Zubina I, Ivanova G, Parastaeva M, Semenova N, Dobronravov V. Myocardial Hypertrophy and Fibrosis Are Associated with Cardiomyocyte Beta-Catenin and TRPC6/Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with 5/6 Nephrectomy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4645. [PMID: 33924991 PMCID: PMC8124394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial hypertension (AH) is associated with heart and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the precise mechanisms of myocardial remodeling (MR) in the settings of CKD remain elusive. We hypothesized that TRPC6, calcineurin/NFAT, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are involved in the development of MR in the background of CKD and AH. METHODS Early CKD was induced by performing a 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6NE) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-NE). Sham-operated (SO) SHR (SHR-SO) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY-SO) rats served as controls. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate, myocardial mass index (MMI), serum creatinine, cardiomyocyte diameter (dCM), myocardial fibrosis (MF), serum and kidney α-Klotho levels, myocardial expression of calcineurin (CaN), TRPC6, and β-catenin were measured two months after 5/6NE or SO. RESULTS NE-induced kidney dysfunction corresponded to mild-to-moderate human CKD and was associated with an increase in FGF23 and a decrease in renal α-Klotho. The levels of SBP, MMI, dCM, and MF were higher in SHRs compared to WKY-SO as well as in SHR-NE vs. SHR-SO. The MR was associated with increased cardiomyocyte expression of CaN/NFAT and β-catenin along with its intracellular re-distribution. TRPC6 protein levels were substantially elevated in both SHR groups with higher Trpc6 mRNA expression in SHR-NE. CONCLUSIONS The Wnt/β-catenin and TRPC6/CaN/NFAT hypertrophic signaling pathways seem to be involved in myocardial remodeling in the settings of AH and CKD and might be mediated by FGF23 and α-Klotho axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdokia Bogdanova
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Olga Beresneva
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Olga Galkina
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Irina Zubina
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Galina Ivanova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia;
| | - Marina Parastaeva
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Natalia Semenova
- Research Department of Pathomorphology, Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia;
- Laboratory of Leukemia Research, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA of Russia, Saint Petersburg 191024, Russia
| | - Vladimir Dobronravov
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia; (E.B.); (O.B.); (O.G.); (I.Z.); (M.P.)
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Zou L, Ma X, Wu B, Chen Y, Xie D, Peng C. Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on cardiomyoblast hypoxia-reperfusion injury through the miR-149/let-7c/Faslg axis. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:722-731. [PMID: 33054503 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1837793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zou
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyuan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Cai S, Wang P, Xie T, Li Z, Li J, Lan R, Ding Y, Lu J, Ye J, Wang J, Li Z, Liu P. Histone H4R3 symmetric di-methylation by Prmt5 protects against cardiac hypertrophy via regulation of Filip1L/β-catenin. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105104. [PMID: 32739429 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although histone lysine methylation has been extensively studied for their participation in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, the potential regulatory role of histone arginine methylation remains to be elucidated. The present study focused on H4R3 symmetric di-methylation (H4R3me2s) induced by protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5), and explored its epigenetic regulation and underlying mechanisms in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS 1. The expressions of Prmt5 and H4R3me2s were suppressed in cardiac hypertrophy models in vivo and in vitro; 2. Prmt5 silencing or its inhibitor EPZ, or knockdown of cooperator of Prmt5 (Copr5) to disrupt H4R3me2s, facilitated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, whereas overexpression of wild type Prmt5 rather than the inactive mutant protected cardiomyocytes against hypertrophy; 3. ChIP-sequence analysis identified Filip1L as a target gene of Prmt5-induced H4R3me2s; 4. Knockdown or inhibition of Prmt5 impaired Filip1L transcription and subsequently prevented β-catenin degradation, thus augmenting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that Prmt5-induced H4R3me2s ameliorates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by transcriptional upregulation of Filip1L and subsequent enhancement of β-catenin degradation. Deficiency of Prmt5 and the resulting suppression of H4R3me2s might facilitate the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Prmt5 might serve as a key epigenetic regulator in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidong Cai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 283 Jianghai Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Rui Lan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Wai-huan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Jin N, Wang Y, Liu L, Xue F, Jiang T, Xu M. Dysregulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Cardiometabolic Status in Mice Fed a Long-Term High-Fat Diet. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6605-6614. [PMID: 31523052 PMCID: PMC6738017 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and cardiometabolic status in mice fed a long-term high-fat diet (HFD). Material/Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the control group on a normal diet (ND) (n=15) and the HFD group (n=15). Serum biomarkers were measured, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II (Ang-II), Ang-II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and aldosterone. Cardiac histology was measured by the cross-sectional area (CSA) of cardiomyocytes and collagen deposition. Levels of myocardial intercalated disc (ICD) proteins and mRNA were analyzed by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. The localization of ICD proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Compared with ND, HFD resulted in increased blood glucose, body weight, TC, TG, HbA1c, insulin, and BNP and levels of serum ACE, Ang-II, aldosterone, AT1R, cardiomyocyte CSA, and interstitial collagen in the myocardium compared. Also, HFD significantly down-regulated connexin-43, and upregulated β-catenin, N-cadherin, and plakoglobin in the hearts of HFD mice compared with ND mice. However, the deposition of ICD proteins was not changed in the hearts of HFD mice compared with ND mice. Conclusions Long-term HFD in mice resulted in left ventricular hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, dysregulation of RAS, and abnormal expression of ICD proteins compared with ND mice, but did not affect the distribution of cardiomyocyte ICD proteins. Long-term HFD resulted in cardiac remodeling and altered expression of ICD proteins through RAS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Jin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Mingzhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (mainland)
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13
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Autophagy promotes hepatic differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:75-90. [PMID: 30604254 PMCID: PMC6323068 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-018-9808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) can be activated when the liver suffers persistent and severe damage and can differentiate into hepatocytes to maintain liver regeneration and homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the hepatic differentiation of HPCs is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of autophagy and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during hepatic differentiation of HPCs in vivo and in vitro. First, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy showed that Atg5 and β-catenin were highly expressed in human fibrotic liver and mouse liver injury induced by feeding a 50% choline-deficient diet plus 0.15% ethionine solution in drinking water (CDE diet) for 21 days; in addition, these factors were expressed in CK19-positive HPCs. Second, Western blotting and immunofluorescence confirmed that CK19-positive HPCs incubated in differentiation medium for 7 days can differentiate into hepatocytes and that differentiated HPCs were able to take up ICG and secrete albumin and urea. Further investigation via Western blotting, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy revealed autophagy and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to be activated during hepatic differentiation of HPCs. Next, we found that inhibiting autophagy by downregulating Atg5 gene expression impaired hepatic differentiation of HPCs and inhibited activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was rescued by overexpression of the β-catenin gene. Moreover, downregulating β-catenin gene expression without inhibiting autophagy still impeded the differentiation of HPCs. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that P62 forms a complex with phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (pGSK3β). Third, in mouse CDE-induced liver injury, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence confirmed that downregulating Atg5 gene expression inhibited autophagy, thus impeding hepatic differentiation of HPCs and inhibiting activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. As observed in vitro, overexpression of β-catenin rescued this phenomenon caused by autophagy inhibition, though decreasing β-catenin levels without autophagy inhibition still impeded HPC differentiation. We also found that HPCs differentiated into hepatocytes in human fibrotic liver tissue. Collectively, these results demonstrate that autophagy promotes HPC differentiation by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results are the first to identify a role for autophagy in promoting the hepatic differentiation of HPCs.
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ShamsEldeen AM, Ashour H, Shoukry HS, Fadel M, Kamar SS, Aabdelbaset M, Rashed LA, Ammar HI. Combined treatment with systemic resveratrol and resveratrol preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells, maximizes antifibrotic action in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10942-10963. [PMID: 30537190 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Heba Samy Shoukry
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Mostafa Fadel
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Endoscopy Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute Giza Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Medical Histology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | | | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
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Kasacka I, Piotrowska Ż, Weresa J, Filipek A. Comparative evaluation of CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 in the heart of rats with hypertension of different etiology. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1199-1206. [PMID: 30472885 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218815435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1-interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) is the recently discovered peptide, which participates in various intracellular processes. Recent reports indicated that CacyBP/SIP activates the ubiquitin ligases and promotes proteasomal degradation of proteins. One of the most important proteins degraded in CacyBP/SIP-dependent pathway is β-catenin. Considering the key importance of β-catenin in the functioning of the cardiovascular system and in the view of the close relationship between CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and proteasomal activity, we have decided to undertake research to identify and evaluate the distribution of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and the LMP7 subunit of the immunoproteasome in the heart of rats with hypertension of various etiology. The studies were carried out on the hearts of rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHR), renovascular hypertension, and DOCA-salt hypertension. The myocardial expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and LMP7 was detected by immunohistochemistry using the EnVision method. The hypertension significantly increased the immunoreactivity to CacyBP/SIP and LMP-7, while weakening the β-catenin immunoreaction. The intensity of the observed changes depends on the type of hypertension. Our results show an innovative and important network of interactions between proteins potentially involved in the development and progression of heart problems in various types of hypertension. This report might contribute to deeper understanding of the role of the CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and immunoproteasomes in heart function, as well as to bringing new information concerning pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to cardiac dysfunction in the state of elevated blood pressure. Impact statement Despite extensive research into the pathogenesis of hypertension and disease-related end organ damage, the mechanisms leading to cardiac complications of hypertensive patients are still not fully elucidated. The aim of the presented research was immunodetection and evaluation of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and proteasomes in the hearts of rats with hypertension of different etiology. Our results show an innovative and important network of interactions between proteins potentially involved in the development and progression of heart problems in various types of hypertension. This report might contribute to deeper understanding of the role of the CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and proteasomes in heart function. Our results might also bring new information concerning the intracellular processes and signal pathways involved in the regulation of cardiomyocytes functioning in hypertension state. In addition to cognitive significance, the results of presented studies may contribute to further successes in preventing and treatment of cardiac complications associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Żaneta Piotrowska
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Jolanta Weresa
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Anna Filipek
- Laboratory of Calcium Binding Proteins, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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An essential role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mediating hypertensive heart disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8996. [PMID: 29895976 PMCID: PMC5997634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with hypertension and heart disease. However, how RAS activation causes cardiac lesions remains elusive. Here we report the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in this process. In rats with chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II), eight Wnt ligands were induced and β-catenin activated in both cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Blockade of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by small molecule inhibitor ICG-001 restrained Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by normalizing heart size and inhibiting hypertrophic marker genes. ICG-001 also attenuated myocardial fibrosis and inhibited α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin and collagen I expression. These changes were accompanied by a reduced expression of atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide. Interestingly, ICG-001 also lowered blood pressure induced by Ang II. In vitro, Ang II induced multiple Wnt ligands and activated β-catenin in rat primary cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. ICG-001 inhibited myocyte hypertrophy and Snail1, c-Myc and atrial natriuretic peptide expression, and abolished the fibrogenic effect of Ang II in cardiac fibroblasts. Finally, recombinant Wnt3a was sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte injury and fibroblast activation in vitro. Taken together, these results illustrate an essential role for Wnt/β-catenin in mediating hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Therefore, blockade of this pathway may be a novel strategy for ameliorating hypertensive heart disease.
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Liu Y, Zheng G, Liu L, Wang Z, Wang Y, Chen Q, Luo E. Inhibition of osteogenesis surrounding the titanium implant by CGRP deficiency. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:147-156. [PMID: 28402679 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1317759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested one of the neurotransmitters, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), modulates local regulation of bone metabolism; however, the regulating signaling pathway is still being explored. The objective of this study was to determine whether CGRP deficiency affects the osteogenesis surrounding titanium implants in vivo. Titanium screws were implanted in 72 adult rats, which were divided into three groups randomly: Sham, inferior alveolar neurectomy (IAN), and IAN+CGRP. Saline solution containing CGRP (concentration: 100 nmol/L) was injected into the area surrounding the implants in the IAN+CGRP group every day post operation. According to histological observations and Micro-CT, osteogenesis surrounding the implant was suppressed in the IAN group compared to that in the Sham and IAN+CGRP groups; the highest degree of osteogenesis was observed in the Sham group. This effect was also proved via the gene expressions of osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor 2 surrounding the implant by real-time (RT) PCR analysis. In addition, through immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR analysis, levels of CGRP and β-catenin were also reduced in the IAN group, while the highest expression was observed in the Sham group (p < 0.05). Our results collectively suggest that the titanium implant bone model established by IAN exhibited CGRP deficiency and reduced osteogenesis surrounding the implant. Additionally, the expression analyses suggest that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway could be involved in this process of bone metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Guangsen Zheng
- b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Li Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Zhi Wang
- b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Qianming Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - En Luo
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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Foulquier S, Daskalopoulos EP, Lluri G, Hermans KCM, Deb A, Blankesteijn WM. WNT Signaling in Cardiac and Vascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:68-141. [PMID: 29247129 PMCID: PMC6040091 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.013896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling is an elaborate and complex collection of signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple signaling molecules. WNT signaling is critically important for developmental processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue patterning. Little WNT signaling activity is present in the cardiovascular system of healthy adults, but reactivation of the pathway is observed in many pathologies of heart and blood vessels. The high prevalence of these pathologies and their significant contribution to human disease burden has raised interest in WNT signaling as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we first will focus on the constituents of the pathway and their regulation and the different signaling routes. Subsequently, the role of WNT signaling in cardiovascular development is addressed, followed by a detailed discussion of its involvement in vascular and cardiac disease. After highlighting the crosstalk between WNT, transforming growth factor-β and angiotensin II signaling, and the emerging role of WNT signaling in the regulation of stem cells, we provide an overview of drugs targeting the pathway at different levels. From the combined studies we conclude that, despite the sometimes conflicting experimental data, a general picture is emerging that excessive stimulation of WNT signaling adversely affects cardiovascular pathology. The rapidly increasing collection of drugs interfering at different levels of WNT signaling will allow the evaluation of therapeutic interventions in the pathway in relevant animal models of cardiovascular diseases and eventually in patients in the near future, translating the outcomes of the many preclinical studies into a clinically relevant context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Foulquier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Evangelos P Daskalopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Gentian Lluri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Kevin C M Hermans
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - Arjun Deb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
| | - W Matthijs Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (S.F., K.C.M.H., W.M.B.); Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (E.P.D.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine (G.L., A.D.); and Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.D.)
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Activation of nuclear β-catenin/c-Myc axis promotes oxidative stress injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1573-1580. [PMID: 28989026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial oxidative stress injury plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been reported to involve in various heart diseases. However, the underlying mechanism associated with β-catenin in DCM remains elusive. This study intended to explore the effect of β-catenin on oxidative damage of DCM by establishing streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated myocardial cell model. Cardiac oxidative stress in DCM was detected by measurements of lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidative enzyme activities as well as DHE staining. Nuclear β-catenin activity and oxidative damage degree were measured by western blotting, qPCR, MTT assay and TUNEL staining. Cardiac function and morphology were evaluated by echocardiography and histopathology. Under diabetic oxidative stress or H2O2 stimulation, nuclear β-catenin accumulation upregulated downstream c-Myc and further facilitated DNA damage and p53-mediated apoptosis as well as cell viability reduction, followed by phenotypic changes of cardiac dysfunction, interstitial fibrosis deposition and myocardial atrophy. Conversely, through directly inhibiting nuclear β-catenin/c-Myc axis, not only did siRNA knockdown of β-catenin or c-Myc attenuate cell injury in H2O2-stimulated cardiomyocytes, but also diabetic cardiac-specific β-catenin-knockout mice displayed the same prevention of heart injury as insulin-treated diabetic mice. The present study demonstrated that activated nuclear β-catenin/c-Myc axis was responsible for oxidative cardiac impairment of DCM. Therefore, repressing functional nuclear β-catenin may provide a hopeful therapeutic strategy for DCM.
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Abou Ziki MD, Mani A. Wnt signaling, a novel pathway regulating blood pressure? State of the art review. Atherosclerosis 2017; 262:171-178. [PMID: 28522145 PMCID: PMC5508596 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent antihypertensive trials show conflicting results on blood pressure (BP) targets in patient populations with different metabolic profiles, with lowest benefit from tight BP control observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This paradox could arise from the heterogeneity of study populations and underscores the importance of precision medicine initiatives towards understanding and treating hypertension. Wnt signaling pathways and genetic variations in its signaling peptides have been recently associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes, generating a breakthrough for advancement of precision medicine in the field of hypertension. We performed a review of PubMed for publications addressing the contributions of Wnt to BP regulation and hypertension. In addition, we performed a manual search of the reference lists for relevant articles, and included unpublished observations from our laboratory. There is emerging evidence for Wnt's role in BP regulation and its involvement in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Wnt signaling has pleiotropic effects on distinct pathways that involve vascular smooth muscle plasticity, and cardiac, renal, and neural physiology. Hypertension is a heterogeneous disease with unique molecular pathways regulating its response to therapy. Recognition of these pathways is a prerequisite to identify novel targets for drug development and personalizing medicine. A review of Wnt signaling reveals its emerging role in BP regulation and as a target for novel drug development that has the potential to transform the therapy of hypertension in specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maen D Abou Ziki
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Zhou R, Yuan Z, Liu J, Liu J. Calcitonin gene-related peptide promotes the expression of osteoblastic genes and activates the WNT signal transduction pathway in bone marrow stromal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4689-96. [PMID: 27082317 PMCID: PMC4878536 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is known to induce osteoblastic differentiation and alkaline phosphatase activity in bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs). However, it has remained elusive whether this effect is mediated by CGRP receptors directly or whether other signaling pathways are involved. The present study assessed the possible involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the activation of CGRP signaling during the differentiation of BMSCs. First, the differentiation of BMSCs was induced in vitro and the expression of CGRP receptors was examined by western blot analysis. The effects of exogenous CGRP and LiCl, a stimulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, on the osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs were assessed; furthermore, the expression of mRNA and proteins involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was assessed using quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The results revealed that CGRP receptors were expressed throughout the differentiation of BMSCs, at days 7 and 14. Incubation with CGRP and LiCl led to the upregulation of the expression of osteoblastic genes associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, including the mRNA of c-myc, cyclin D1, Lef1, Tcf7 and β-catenin as well as β-catenin protein. However, the upregulation of these genes and β-catenin protein was inhibited by CGRP receptor antagonist or secreted frizzled-related protein, an antagonist of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results of the present study therefore suggested that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may be involved in CGRP- and LiCl-promoted osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jierong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Abstract
Wnt signaling encompasses multiple and complex signaling cascades and is involved in many developmental processes such as tissue patterning, cell fate specification, and control of cell division. Consequently, accurate regulation of signaling activities is essential for proper embryonic development. Wnt signaling is mostly silent in the healthy adult organs but a reactivation of Wnt signaling is generally observed under pathological conditions. This has generated increasing interest in this pathway from a therapeutic point of view. In this review article, the involvement of Wnt signaling in cardiovascular development will be outlined, followed by its implication in myocardial infarct healing, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis. The initial experiments not always offer consensus on the effects of activation or inactivation of the pathway, which may be attributed to (i) the type of cardiac disease, (ii) timing of the intervention, and (iii) type of cells that are targeted. Therefore, more research is needed to determine the exact implication of Wnt signaling in the conditions mentioned above to exploit it as a powerful therapeutic target.
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Tao H, Yang JJ, Shi KH, Li J. Wnt signaling pathway in cardiac fibrosis: New insights and directions. Metabolism 2016; 65:30-40. [PMID: 26773927 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wnt signaling pathway significantly participates in cardiac fibrosis and CFs activation. Therefore, we reviewed current evidence on the new perspectives and biological association between Wnt signaling pathway and cardiac fibrosis. DESIGN AND METHODS A PubMed database search was performed for studies of Wnt signaling pathway in cardiac fibrosis and CFs activation. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that the Wnt signaling pathway significantly participates in cardiac fibrosis pathogenesis. The aim of this review is to describe the present knowledge about the Wnt signaling pathway significantly participating in cardiac fibrosis and CFs activation, and look ahead on new perspectives of Wnt signaling pathway research. Moreover, we will discuss the different insights that interact with the Wnt signaling pathway-regulated cardiac fibrosis. The Wnt proteins are glycoproteins that bind to the Fz receptors on the cell surface, which lead to several important biological functions, such as cell differentiation and proliferation. There are several signals among the characterized pathways of cardiac fibrosis, including Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In this review, new insight into the Wnt signaling pathway in cardiac fibrosis pathogenesis is discussed, with special emphasis on Wnt/β-catenin. CONCLUSION It seems reasonable to suggest the potential targets of Wnt signaling pathway and it can be developed as a therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230601; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230601
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230601.
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230601; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230601.
| | - Jun Li
- School of pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230032
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Reduced expression of adherens and gap junction proteins can have a fundamental role in the development of heart failure following cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 100:167-76. [PMID: 26708424 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension causes cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction and heart failure (HF). The mechanisms implicated in the transition from compensated to decompensated cardiac hypertrophy are not fully understood. This study was aimed to investigate whether alterations in the expression of intercalated disk proteins could contribute to the transition of compensated cardiac hypertrophy to dilated heart development that culminates in HF. Male rats were submitted to abdominal aortic constriction and at 90 days post surgery (dps), three groups were observed: sham-operated animals (controls), animals with hypertrophic hearts (HH) and animals with hypertrophic + dilated hearts (HD). Blood pressure was evaluated. The hearts were collected and Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to desmoglein-2, desmocollin-2, N-cadherin, plakoglobin, Bcatenin, and connexin-43. Cardiac systolic function was evaluated using the Vevo 2100 ultrasound system. Data were considered significant when p b 0.05. Seventy percent of the animals presented with HH and 30% were HD at 90 dps. The blood pressure increased in both groups. The amount of desmoglein-2 and desmocollin-2 expression was increased in both groups and no difference was observed in either group. The expression of N-cadherin, plakoglobin and B-catenin increased in the HHgroup and decreased in the HDgroup; and connexin-43 decreased only in theHDgroup. Therewas no difference between the ejection fraction and fractional shortening at 30 and 60 dps; however, they were decreased in the HD group at 90 dps. We found that while some proteins have increased expression accompanied by the increase in the cell volume associated with preserved systolic cardiac function in theHHgroup, these same proteins had decreased expression evenwithout significant reduction in the cell volume associated with decreased systolic cardiac function in HD group. The increased expression of desmoglein-2 and desmocollin-2 in both the HH and HD groups could work as a protective compensatory mechanism, helping tomaintain the dilated heart.We can hypothesize that inappropriate intercellular mechanical and electrical coupling associated with necrosis and/or apoptosis are important factors contributing to the transition to HF.
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Gitau SC, Li X, Zhao D, Guo Z, Liang H, Qian M, Lv L, Li T, Xu B, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Xu C, Lu Y, Du Z, Shan H, Yang B. Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling. Front Med 2015; 9:444-56. [PMID: 26626190 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular hypertrophy is a powerful and independent predictor of cardiovascular morbid events. The vascular properties of low-dose acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) provide cardiovascular benefits through the irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase 1; however, the possible anti-hypertrophic properties and potential mechanism of aspirin have not been investigated in detail. In this study, healthy wild-type male mice were randomly divided into three groups and subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation. The TAC-operated mice were treated with the human equivalent of low-dose aspirin (10 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)); the remaining mice received an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline with 0.65% ethanol, which was used as a vehicle. A cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model induced by angiotensin II (10 nmol·L(-1)) was treated with the human equivalent of low (10 or 100 μmol·L(-1)) and high (1000 μmol·L(-1)) aspirin concentrations in plasma. Changes in the cardiac structure and function were assessed through echocardiography and transmission electron microscopy. Gene expression was determined through RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results indicated that aspirin treatment abrogated the increased thickness of the left ventricular anterior and posterior walls, the swelling of mitochondria, and the increased surface area in in vivo and in vitro hypertrophy models. Aspirin also normalized the upregulated hypertrophic biomarkers, β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Aspirin efficiently reversed the upregulation of β-catenin and P-Akt expression and the TAC- or ANG II-induced downregulation of GSK-3β. Therefore, low-dose aspirin possesses significant anti-hypertrophic properties at clinically relevant concentrations for anti-thrombotic therapy. The downregulation of β-catenin and Akt may be the underlying signaling mechanism of the effects of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Chege Gitau
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Department of Pharmacy and Complementary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O. BOX 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhenfeng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ming Qian
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lifang Lv
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tianshi Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Bozhi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiming Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Mei G, Zou Z, Fu S, Xia L, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Tuo Y, Wang Z, Jin D. Substance P activates the Wnt signal transduction pathway and enhances the differentiation of mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6224-40. [PMID: 24733069 PMCID: PMC4013624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments have explored the impact of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Substance P (SP) on the regulation of osteogenesis. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of SP on the formation of osteoblasts is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of SP on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The osteogenic effect of SP was observed at different SP concentrations (ranging from 10⁻¹⁰ to 10⁻⁸ M). To unravel the underlying mechanism, the MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with SP after the pretreatment by neurokinin-1 (NK1) antagonists and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and gene expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway components, as well as osteoblast differentiation markers (collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and Runx2), were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, protein levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were detected using Western blotting and the effects of SP, NK1 antagonist, and DKK1 on β-catenin activation were investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Our data indicated that SP (10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁸ M) significantly up-regulated the expressions of osteoblastic genes. SP (10⁻⁸ M) also elevated the mRNA level of c-myc, cyclin D1, and lymphocyte enhancer factor-1 (Lef1), as well as c-myc and β-catenin protein levels, but decreased the expression of Tcf7 mRNA. Moreover, SP (10-8 M) promoted the transfer of β-catenin into nucleus. The effects of SP treatment were inhibited by the NK1 antagonist and DKK1. These findings suggest that SP may enhance differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells via regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Mei
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenlv Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Su Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Liheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yonghua Tuo
- Department of Orthopaedic, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou 543002, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Dan Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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