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Chen J, Cai Y, Wei D, Cao L, He Q, Zhang Y. Formononetin inhibits neuroinflammation in BV2 microglia induced by glucose and oxygen deprivation reperfusion through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Brain Res 2024; 1845:149218. [PMID: 39218334 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, caused by diminished or interrupted cerebral blood flow, triggers the activation of microglial cells and subsequent inflammatory responses. Formononetin (FMN) has been observed to inhibit BV2 microglial cell activation and alleviate ensuing neuroinflammatory reactions. Despite extensive research, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. To investigate the neuroinflammatory response following FMN-mediated inhibition of BV2 microglial activation, we employed an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model. BV2 microglial cells were categorized into four groups: control, FMN, OGD/R, and OGD/R+FMN. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, while flow cytometry assessed M1 and M2 cell populations within BV2 cells. Immunofluorescence was utilized to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), p53, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and NF-κB p65. Western blotting (WB) was conducted to quantify p65/p-p65, IκB-α/p-IκB-α, and TLR4 protein levels in each group. Additionally, ELISA was employed to measure IL-1β and TNF-α levels in cell supernatants from each group. The results revealed a significant increase in the proportion of iNOS/CD206-positive M1/M2 cells in the OGD/R group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There was also a notable increase in nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and elevated expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in cell supernatants. Moreover, levels of p-p65, p-IκB-α, and TLR4 proteins were significantly elevated in the OGD/R group (p < 0.05). However, the addition of FMN reversed these effects. Specifically, FMN administration notably attenuated cell death and inflammation in BV2 microglia induced by OGD/R through modulation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.These findings suggest that FMN may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against neuroinflammation associated with ischemic stroke by targeting microglial activation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Youde Cai
- Jinyang Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Dingling Wei
- First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Liping Cao
- First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Qiansong He
- First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, PR China.
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Huang Q, Wang Y, Chen S, Liang F. Glycometabolic Reprogramming of Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights from Neuroinflammation. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1155-1175. [PMID: 37611905 PMCID: PMC11081147 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are conditions defined by progressive deterioration of the structure and function of the nervous system. Some major examples include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These diseases lead to various dysfunctions, like impaired cognition, memory, and movement. Chronic neuroinflammation may underlie numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Microglia, an important immunocell in the brain, plays a vital role in defending against neuroinflammation. When exposed to different stimuli, microglia are activated and assume different phenotypes, participating in immune regulation of the nervous system and maintaining tissue homeostasis. The immunological activity of activated microglia is affected by glucose metabolic alterations. However, in the context of chronic neuroinflammation, specific alterations of microglial glucose metabolism and their mechanisms of action remain unclear. Thus, in this paper, we review the glycometabolic reprogramming of microglia in ND. The key molecular targets and main metabolic pathways are the focus of this research. Additionally, this study explores the mechanisms underlying microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming in ND and offers an analysis of the most recent therapeutic advancements. The ultimate aim is to provide insights into the development of potential treatments for ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Fengxia Liang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Liu DY, Wu Y, Feng ZQ, Yu Y, Cai HW, Liao SP, Zeng T, Zhu L, Wang X, Wan LH. Rosmarinic acid against cognitive impairment via RACK1/HIF-1α regulated microglial polarization in sepsis-surviving mice. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 388:110830. [PMID: 38103880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microglial polarization modulation has been considered the potential therapeutic strategy for relieving cognitive impairment in sepsis survivors. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a water-soluble polyphenolic natural compound, processes a strong protective effect on various types of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. However, its role and potential molecular mechanisms in sepsis-associated cognitive impairment remain unclear. To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect of RA on sepsis-associated cognitive impairment and elucidate the potential mechanism of RA on regulating microglial polarization, we established a CLP-induced cognitive impairment model in mice and a lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia polarization cell model in BV-2. RACK1 siRNA was designed to identify the potential molecular mechanism of RACK1 on microglial polarization. The preventive and therapeutic effect of RA on cognitive impairment followed by PET-CT and behavioral tests including open-field test and tail suspension test. RACK1/HIF-1α pathway and microglial morphology in the hippocampus or BV-2 cells were measured. The results showed that RA significantly ameliorated the CLP-induced depressive and anxiety-like behaviors and promoted whole-brain glucose uptake in mice. Moreover, RA markedly improved CLP-induced hippocampal neuron loss and microglial activation by inhibiting microglial M1 polarization. Furthermore, experiments showed RACK1 was involved in the regulation of LPS-induced microglial M1 polarization via HIF-1α, and RA suppressed lipopolysaccharide or sepsis-associated microglial M1 polarization via RACK1/HIF-1α pathway (rescued the decrease of RACK1 and increase of HIF-1α). Taken together, RA could be a potential preventive and therapeutic medication in improving cognitive impairment through RACK1/HIF-1α pathway-regulated microglial polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Yao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Zi-Qi Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Top-notch Undergraduate Training Program 2.0, Grade 2019, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Hua-Wei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Shi-Ping Liao
- Functional Laboratory, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.
| | - Li-Hong Wan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.
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Chaterjee O, Sur D. Artificially induced in situ macrophage polarization: An emerging cellular therapy for immuno-inflammatory diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176006. [PMID: 37611840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the mature form of monocytes that have high plasticity and can shift from one phenotype to another by the process of macrophage polarization. Macrophage has several vital pharmacological tasks like eliminating microorganism invasion, clearing dead cells, causing inflammation, repairing damaged tissues, etc. The function of macrophages is based on their phenotype. M1 macrophages are mostly responsible for the body's immune responses and M2 macrophages have healing properties. Inappropriate activation of any one of the phenotypes often leads to ROS-induced tissue damage and affects wound healing and angiogenesis. Therefore, maintaining tissue macrophage homeostasis is necessary. Studies are being done to find techniques for macrophage polarization. But, the process of macrophage polarization is very complex as it involves multiple signalling pathways involving innate immunity. Thus, identifying the right pathways for macrophage polarization is essential to apply the polarizing technique for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases where macrophage physiology influences the disease pathology. In this review, we highlighted the various techniques so far used to change macrophage plasticity. We believe that soon macrophage targeting therapeutics will hit the market for the management of inflammatory disease. Hence this review will help macrophage researchers choose suitable methods and materials/agents to polarize macrophages artificially in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oishani Chaterjee
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, 700114, India
| | - Debjeet Sur
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, 700114, India.
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Zheng J, Zhang C, Wu Y, Zhang C, Che Y, Zhang W, Yang Y, Zhu J, Yang L, Wang Y. Controlled Decompression Alleviates Motor Dysfunction by Regulating Microglial Polarization via the HIF-1α Signaling Pathway in Intracranial Hypertension. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5607-5623. [PMID: 37328678 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a major form of surgery that is used to reduce intracranial hypertension (IH), the most frequent cause of death and disability following severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and stroke. Our previous research showed that controlled decompression (CDC) was more effective than rapid decompression (RDC) with regard to reducing the incidence of complications and improving outcomes after sTBI; however, the specific mechanisms involved have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of CDC in regulating inflammation after IH and attempted to identify the mechanisms involved. Analysis showed that CDC was more effective than RDC in alleviating motor dysfunction and neuronal death in a rat model of traumatic intracranial hypertension (TIH) created by epidural balloon pressurization. Moreover, RDC induced M1 microglia polarization and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, CDC treatment resulted in microglia primarily polarizing into the M2 phenotype and induced the significant release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, the establishment of the TIH model led to the increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α); CDC ameliorated cerebral hypoxia and reduced the expression of HIF-1α. In addition, 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), a specific inhibitor of HIF-1α, significantly attenuated RDC-induced inflammation and improved motor function by promoting M1 to M2 phenotype transformation in microglial and enhancing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), an agonist of HIF-1α, abrogated the protective effects of CDC treatment by suppressing M2 microglia polarization and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our results indicated that CDC effectively alleviated IH-induced inflammation, neuronal death, and motor dysfunction by regulating HIF-1α-mediated microglial phenotype polarization. Our findings provide a better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the protective effects of CDC and promote clinical translational research for HIF-1α in IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenxu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chonghui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Likun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuhai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, Jiangsu, China.
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Pu Z, Sui B, Wang X, Wang W, Li L, Xie H. The effects and mechanisms of the anti-COVID-19 traditional Chinese medicine, Dehydroandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall, on acute lung injury by the inhibition of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154753. [PMID: 37084628 PMCID: PMC10060206 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydroandrographolide (Deh) from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. PURPOSE To explore the role of Deh in acute lung injury (ALI) of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and its inflammatory molecular mechanism. METHODS Liposaccharide (LPS) was injected into a C57BL/6 mouse model of ALI, and LPS + adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was used to stimulate BMDMs in an in vitro model of ALI. RESULTS In an in vivo and in vitro model of ALI, Deh considerably reduced inflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and attenuated mitochondrial damage to suppress NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis through the suppression of ROS production by inhibiting the Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Deh inhibited the interaction between Akt at T308 and PDPK1 at S549 to promote Akt protein phosphorylation. Deh directly targeted PDPK1 protein and accelerated PDPK1 ubiquitination. 91-GLY, 111-LYS, 126-TYR, 162-ALA, 205-ASP and 223-ASP may be the reason for the interaction between PDPK1 and Deh. CONCLUSION Deh from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall presented NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in a model of ALI through ROS-induced mitochondrial damage through inhibition of the Akt/Nrf2 pathway by PDPK1 ubiquitination. Therefore, it can be concluded that Deh may be a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of ALI in COVID-19 or other respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Pu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China; Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bangzhi Sui
- Department of Pediatric surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Wusuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China.
| | - Haitang Xie
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China.
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Long J, Sun Y, Liu S, Yang S, Chen C, Zhang Z, Chu S, Yang Y, Pei G, Lin M, Yan Q, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N. Targeting pyroptosis as a preventive and therapeutic approach for stroke. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:155. [PMID: 37165005 PMCID: PMC10172388 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke has caused tremendous social stress worldwide, yet despite decades of research and development of new stroke drugs, most have failed and rt-PA (Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) is still the accepted treatment for ischemic stroke. the complexity of the stroke mechanism has led to unsatisfactory efficacy of most drugs in clinical trials, indicating that there are still many gaps in our understanding of stroke. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death (PCD) with inflammatory properties and are thought to be closely associated with stroke. Pyroptosis is regulated by the GSDMD of the gasdermin family, which when cleaved by Caspase-1/Caspase-11 into N-GSDMD with pore-forming activity can bind to the plasma membrane to form small 10-20 nm pores, which would allow the release of inflammatory factors IL-18 and IL-1β before cell rupture, greatly exacerbating the inflammatory response. The pyroptosis occurs mainly in the border zone of cerebral infarction, and glial cells, neuronal cells and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) all undergo pyroptosis after stroke, which largely exacerbates the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and thus aggravates brain injury. Therefore, pyroptosis may be a good direction for the treatment of stroke. In this review, we focus on the latest mechanisms of action of pyroptosis and the process by which pyroptosis regulates stroke development. We also suggest potential therapeutic stroke drugs that target the pyroptosis pathway, providing additional therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of stroke. The role of pyroptosis after stroke. After stroke, microglia first rush to the damaged area and polarize into M1 and M2 types. Under the influence of various stimuli, microglia undergo pyroptosis, release pro-inflammatory factors, and are converted to the M1 type; astrocytes and neuronal cells also undergo pyroptosis under the stimulation of various pro-inflammatory factors, leading to astrocyte death due to increased osmotic pressure in the membrane, resulting in water absorption and swelling until rupture. BMECs, the main structural component of the BBB, also undergo pyroptosis when stimulated by pro-inflammatory factors released from microglia and astrocytes, leading to the destruction of the structural integrity of the BBB, ultimately causing more severe brain damage. In addition, GSDMD in neutrophils mainly mediate the release of NETs rather than pyroptosis, which also aggravates brain injury. IL-10=interleukin-10; TGF-β = transforming growth factor-β; IL-18=interleukin-18; IL-1β = interleukin-1β; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α; iNOS=induced nitrogen monoxide synthase; MMPs=Matrix metalloproteinases; GSDMD = gasdermin D; BMECs=brain microvascular endothelial cells; BBB = blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal & Child Health Care, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Gang Pei
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Liu P, Zhou Y, Shi J, Wang F, Yang X, Zheng X, Wang Y, He Y, Xie X, Pang X. Myricetin improves pathological changes in 3×Tg-AD mice by regulating the mitochondria-NLRP3 inflammasome-microglia channel by targeting P38 MAPK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154801. [PMID: 37086707 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the common neurodegenerative disease featured by the manifestations of cognitive impairment and memory loss. AD could be alleviated with medication and improving quality of life. Clinical treatment of AD is mainly aimed at improving the cognitive function of patients. Donepezil, memantine and galantamine are commonly used drug. But they could only relieve AD, not cure it. Therefore, new treatment strategies focusing on AD pathogenesis are of great significance and value. Myricetin (Myr) is a natural flavonoid extracted from Myrica rubra. And it shows different bioactivities, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation as well as central nervous system (CNS) activities. Nonetheless, its associated mechanism in treating AD remains unknown. PURPOSE Here we focused on investigating Myr's effect on treating AD and exploring if its protection on the nervous system activity was associated with specifically inhibiting P38 MAPK signaling pathway while regulating mitochondria-NLRP3 inflammasome-microglia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This work utilized triple transgenic mice (3 × Tg-AD) as AD models and Aβ25-35 was used to induce BV2 cells to build an in vitro AD model. Behavioristics, pathology and related inflammatory factors were examined. Molecular mechanisms are investigated by western-blot, immunofluorescence staining, CETSA, molecular docking, network pharmacology. RESULTS According to our findings, Myr could remarkably improve memory loss, spatial learning ability, Aβ plaque deposition, neuronal and synaptic damage in 3 × Tg-AD mice through specifically inhibiting P38 MAPK pathway activation while restraining microglial hyperactivation. Furthermore, Myr promoted the transformation of microglial phenotype, restored the mitochondrial fission-fusion balance, facilitated mitochondrial biogenesis, and restrained NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neuroinflammation. For the in-vitro experiments, P38 agonist dehydrocorydaline (DHC) was utilized to confirm the key regulatory role of P38 MAPK signaling pathway on the mitochondria-NLRP3 inflammasome-microglia channel. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the therapeutic efficacy of Myr in experimental AD, and implied that the associated mechanism is possibly associated with inhibiting tmitochondrial dysfunction, activating NLRP3 inflammasome, and neuroinflammation which was mediated by P38 MAPK pathway. Myr is the drug candidate in AD therapy via targeting P38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junzhuo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaojia Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuhui Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanran Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yangyang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Xinmei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiaobin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China; Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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9
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Wang K, Xiong J, Lu Y, Wang L, Tian T. SENP1-KLF4 signalling regulates LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization. FEBS J 2023; 290:209-224. [PMID: 35942612 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are very important immune cells and play critical roles in tumour immunity. Macrophage subtypes can be divided into classical polarization (M1 macrophages) and alternative polarization (M2 macrophages) under different microenvironments. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an essential transcription factor for macrophage polarization. Our previous study has shown that KLF4 SUMOylation plays an important role in macrophage M2 polarization. In the present study, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) specific peptidase (SENP)1 was identified as a specific protease for KLF4 de-SUMOylation, with the SENP1-KLF4 axis playing a vital role in M1 macrophage polarization by affecting the nuclear factor kappa B signalling pathway. Additionally, the activity of tumour cells was weakened by KLF4 SUMOylation deficient macrophages. Hence, the SENP1-KLF4 axis is considered to play a crucial role in regulating lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage M1 polarization, thereby affecting the activity of tumour cells. Therefore, the SENP1-KLF4 axis has therapeutic potential as a target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Medicine School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wang XY, Wu F, Zhan RY, Zhou HJ. Inflammatory role of microglia in brain injury caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:956185. [PMID: 36561497 PMCID: PMC9763450 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.956185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early brain injury is a series of pathophysiological changes and direct damage of brain tissue within 72 h after subarachnoid hemorrhage before cerebral vasospasm occurs. Early brain injury is a key factor affecting the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and its possible pathological mechanisms include oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, autophagy, and immune inflammation. Microglia are important immune cells of the central nervous system. Microglia play a dual role in protection and injury. Microglia are involved in the occurrence of brain edema, the processes of neuronal apoptosis, and the blood-brain barrier disruption after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) through the signaling pathways mediated by receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1), which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor α. Conversely, they exert their anti-inflammatory and protective effects by expressing substances such as neuroglobin and heme oxygenase-1. This article reviews the latest developments in single-cell transcriptomics for microglia in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage and its inflammatory role.
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11
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Yu Y, Li Y, Qi K, Xu W, Wei Y. Rosmarinic acid relieves LPS-induced sickness and depressive-like behaviors in mice by activating the BDNF/Nrf2 signaling and autophagy pathway. Behav Brain Res 2022; 433:114006. [PMID: 35843463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the main causes of sickness and depressive-like behavior. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has been shown to have a significant anti-neuroinflammatory effect. However, the protective effects and the underlying mechanism of RA on sickness and depressive-like behavior under conditions of neuroinflammation are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects and the underlying mechanism of RA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice with sickness behavior. The behavioral effects of LPS treatment and RA administration were assessed using behavioral tests including a sucrose preference test and an open field test. The neuroprotective effects of RA in conditions of neuroinflammatory injury were determined by HE staining, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescent staining. Moreover, its underlying mechanism was analyzed by using real-time PCR analysis, western blot, and immunofluorescent analysis. The results indicated that RA dramatically mitigated sickness behaviors and histologic brain damage in mice exposed to LPS. In addition, RA administration markedly promoted the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the key regulatory proteins for Nrf2 activation (p21 and p62), the downstream antioxidant enzymes (HO-1, NQO1, GCLC), the autophagy-related proteins (LC3II and Beclin1), and mitochondrial respiratory enzyme genes (ME1, IDH1, 6-PGDH), while reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (CD44, iNOS, TNFα, IL-1β). Moreover, the double-label immunofluorescent analysis revealed that RA increased the fluorescence intensity of LC3 mostly co-localized with neurons and co-expressed with Nrf2. Taken together, our research found that RA could effectively alleviate sickness behaviors and nerve injury caused by neuroinflammation, and its protective effects were mediated by the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which reduced cellular oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial respiratory function damage, and autophagy imbalance. Therefore, RA has the potential to prevent or treat sickness and depressive-like behaviors under conditions of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Ye Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Keming Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Yicong Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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12
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Sun JX, Xu XH, Jin L. Effects of Metabolism on Macrophage Polarization Under Different Disease Backgrounds. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880286. [PMID: 35911719 PMCID: PMC9331907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile immune cells associated with various diseases, and their phenotypes and functions change on the basis of the surrounding environments. Reprogramming of metabolism is required for the proper polarization of macrophages. This review will focus on basic metabolic pathways, the effects of key enzymes and specific products, relationships between cellular metabolism and macrophage polarization in different diseases and the potential prospect of therapy targeted key metabolic enzymes. In particular, the types and characteristics of macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface and their effects on a successful conception will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liping Jin
- *Correspondence: Liping Jin, ; Xiang-Hong Xu,
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13
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Rosmarinic Acid Reduces Microglia Senescence: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for the Management of Neuropathic Pain Symptoms. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071468. [PMID: 35884774 PMCID: PMC9312967 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide incidence of neuropathic pain is around 7–8% and is associated with significant and disabling comorbidities (sleep disturbances, depression, anxiety). It is now known that cellular ageing of microglia contributes to neurodegenerative diseases, mood disorders, and, even if with less evidence, chronic pain. The aim of this work was to investigate in vitro and in vivo the senolytic activity of rosmarinic acid (RA) to be exploited for the management of NP symptoms. BV2 cells were stimulated with LPS 500 ng/mL for 24 h. Treatment with RA 1 µM improved cell viability and reduced IL-1ß release leading to an attenuation of neuroinflammation. We then moved on to test the efficacy of RA in reducing microglial senescence. In our model, BV2 cells were stimulated with LPS 500 ng/mL every 72 h for 4 h/day, over a period of 10 days. RA 1 µM reduced the expression of the β-galactosidase enzyme, reduced the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, increased cell viability, and reduced the presence of nuclear foci of senescence (SAHF), well-known cellular senescence markers. In the Spared Nerve Injury (SNI) model, 28 days from surgery, repeated oral administration of RA 5 mg/kg reduced hyperalgesia and NP-associated symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. A reduction of senescence markers was detected on both hippocampal and spinal samples of SNI-treated mice. This study represents a starting point for investigating the role of microglial senescence as a possible pharmacological target in controlling symptoms related to the more advanced stages of peripheral neuropathy.
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14
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Cai G, Lin F, Wu D, Lin C, Chen H, Wei Y, Weng H, Chen Z, Wu M, Huang E, Ye Z, Ye Q. Rosmarinic Acid Inhibits Mitochondrial Damage by Alleviating Unfolded Protein Response. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:859978. [PMID: 35652041 PMCID: PMC9149082 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.859978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles that perform important roles in cell biologies such as ATP synthesis, metabolic regulation, immunomodulatory, and apoptosis. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is connected with mitochondrial neuronal damage related to mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR). Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a naturally occurring hydroxylated polyphenolic chemical found in the Boraginaceae and the Labiatae subfamily Nepetoideae. This study looked into RA’s protective effect against mitochondrial loss in the substantia nigra (SN) caused by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), the underlying mechanism associated with the mtUPR. Pretreatment with RA reduced motor impairments and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the SN of a mouse model injected with MPTP. Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells from cell viability loss, morphological damage, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, RA pre-injection suppressed MPTP-induced mtUPR, lowered the expression of HSPA9, HSPE1, CLPP, LONP1, and SIRT 4, and protected the MPTP-mice and SH-SY5Y cells from mitochondrial failure. These findings imply that RA can prevent Parkinson’s disease by preventing mitochondrial damage in dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease via alleviating mitochondrial unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fabin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dihang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chenxin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiyun Chen
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yicong Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huidan Weng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiting Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minxia Wu
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - En Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zucheng Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zucheng Ye, ; Qinyong Ye,
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zucheng Ye, ; Qinyong Ye,
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15
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Noor S, Mohammad T, Rub MA, Raza A, Azum N, Yadav DK, Hassan MI, Asiri AM. Biomedical features and therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:205-228. [PMID: 35391712 PMCID: PMC8989115 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For decades, the use of secondary metabolites of various herbs has been an attractive strategy in combating human diseases. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a bioactive phenolic compound commonly found in plants of Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae families. RA is biosynthesized using amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine via enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, the chemical synthesis of RA involves an esterification reaction between caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl lactic acid contributing two phenolic rings to the structure of RA. Several studies have ascertained multiple therapeutic benefits of RA in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and liver diseases. Many previous scientific papers indicate that RA can be used as an anti-plasmodic, anti-viral and anti-bacterial drug. In addition, due to its high anti-oxidant capacity, this natural polyphenol has recently gained attention for its possible application as a nutraceutical compound in the food industry. Here we provide state-of-the-art, flexible therapeutic potential and biomedical features of RA, its implications and multiple uses. Along with various valuable applications in safeguarding human health, this review further summarizes the therapeutic advantages of RA in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the challenges associated with the clinical applicability of RA have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Noor
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Malik Abdul Rub
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naved Azum
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, 21924, Korea.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Jiang F, Hu X, Cao H, Shen X. Hsa_circ_0000081 promotes the function of gastric cancer through sponging hsa-miR-423-5p to influence 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 expression. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8277-8290. [PMID: 35302432 PMCID: PMC9162021 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2053796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and effective therapeutic targets need to be identified for this type of cancer. In this study, circular RNA (circRNA) microarray analysis was utilized to screen differentially expressed circRNA in GC. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), hsa_circ_0000081 (circRNA-0000081) expression was found to be up-regulated in tissues and cells and was negative correlated with patients' survival time. RNase R and Actinomycin D assays indicated that circRNA-0000081 was significantly more resistant to R enzyme and had a longer half-life than linear RNA. Moreover, the knockdown or overexpression of circRNA-000081 could influence the proliferation, migration, and invasion potential of GC. Finally, dual luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, qRT-PCR, and western blotting assays were used to verify the targeting relationship between circRNA-000081 and miRNA-423-5p or miRNA-423-5p and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDPK1). In conclusion, circRNA-0000081 promotes the function of GC through sponging hsa-miR-423-5p to influence PDPK1 expression, which has a promising therapeutic potential for treating patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueju Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Guo S, Wang H, Yin Y. Microglia Polarization From M1 to M2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:815347. [PMID: 35250543 PMCID: PMC8888930 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.815347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Microglia can be categorized into two opposite types: classical (M1) or alternative (M2), though there’s a continuum of different intermediate phenotypes between M1 and M2, and microglia can transit from one phenotype to another. M1 microglia release inflammatory mediators and induce inflammation and neurotoxicity, while M2 microglia release anti-inflammatory mediators and induce anti-inflammatory and neuroprotectivity. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is considered as a double-edged sword, performing both harmful and helpful effects in neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies showed that balancing microglia M1/M2 polarization had a promising therapeutic prospect in neurodegenerative diseases. We suggest that shifting microglia from M1 to M2 may be significant and we focus on the modulation of microglia polarization from M1 to M2, especially by important signal pathways, in neurodegenerative diseases.
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18
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Wei Y, Hu Y, Qi K, Li Y, Chen J, Wang R. Dihydromyricetin improves LPS-induced sickness and depressive-like behaviors in mice by inhibiting the TLR4/Akt/HIF1a/NLRP3 pathway. Behav Brain Res 2022; 423:113775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Balkrishna A, Lochab S, Joshi M, Srivastava J, Varshney A. Divya-Herbal-Peya Decoction Harmonizes the Inflammatory Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Zebrafish Model. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:937-955. [PMID: 34880683 PMCID: PMC8648330 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s328864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Divya-Herbal-Peya (DHP) is a plant-based decoction containing fourteen herbs in precise quantities; usually prescribed by the practitioners in Ayurveda to alleviate stress and minimize the exasperating symptoms of recurring infections. Our study aims to provide an experimental validation to the immunomodulatory properties of DHP. Methods Physico-chemical analysis of DHP was performed to evaluate the presence of secondary metabolites. The phytochemicals were then identified and quantitated through HPTLC, UHPLC, and GC-MS techniques. To address the scientific rationale behind DHP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected in adult zebrafish to develop inflammatory response. Following LPS-induction, abnormality in locomotory behaviour was determined by evaluating the relative swim velocity and the rate of turning in experimental zebrafish. Pathophysiological effects were determined through opercular frequency, behavioural fever, and caudal fin damage. LPS-mediated inflammation was measured of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β expression in the serum of study animals, by RT-PCR. Results Our study phytochemically characterized and ascertained the presence of glycyrrhizin, rosmarinic acid, gingerol, cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, piperine and cinnamaldehyde in DHP decoction. LPS induced aberrant locomotory patterns, behavioural fever and caudal fin damage in zebrafish. A significant increase in gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β was also determined. However, these locomotory deviations and behavioural fever were negligible in zebrafish groups pre-administered either with DHP in a dose dependent manner or dexamethasone (DEX). The altered opercular rate, caudal fin damage and elevated transcription levels of pro-inflammatory genes upon LPS-induction were averted in groups pre-treated with DHP and DEX. Conclusion DHP prophylactically prevented the LPS-induced abnormal behaviour and inflammation-related pathophysiology in zebrafish. Immunomodulatory properties of DHP may not have therapeutic intervention, but do confer nutraceutical health benefits against mild infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Patanjali Yog Peeth (UK) Trust, Glasgow, G41 1AU, UK
| | - Savita Lochab
- Department of Biology, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Monali Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyotish Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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20
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Wang L, Lu Q, Gao W, Yu S. Recent advancement on development of drug-induced macrophage polarization in control of human diseases. Life Sci 2021; 284:119914. [PMID: 34453949 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages, an important part of human immune system, possess a high plasticity and heterogeneity (macrophage polarization) as classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2), which exert pro-inflammatory/anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory/pro-tumor effects, respectively. Thus, drug development in induction of macrophage polarization could be used to treat different human diseases. This review summarizes the recent advancement on modulation of macrophage polarization and its related molecular mechanisms induced by a number of agents. Research on the anti-inflammatory drugs to regulate the macrophage polarization accounts for a large proportion in the field and types of diseases investigated could include atherosclerosis, enteritis, nephritis, and the nervous system and skeletal diseases, while study of the anti-tumor agents to modify macrophage polarization is a novel area of research. Future study of the molecular mechanisms by which the different agents regulate the macrophage polarization could lead to an effective control of various human diseases, including inflammation and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Shuwen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Clinical Trial Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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21
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Pintha K, Chaiwangyen W, Yodkeeree S, Suttajit M, Tantipaiboonwong P. Suppressive Effects of Rosmarinic Acid Rich Fraction from Perilla on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Metastasis Ability in A549 Cells Exposed to PM via C-Jun, P-65-Nf-Κb and Akt Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1090. [PMID: 34439757 PMCID: PMC8392772 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter from forest fires (PMFF) is an environmental pollutant causing oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer cell metastasis due to the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Perilla seed meal contains high levels of polyphenols, including rosmarinic acid (RA). The aim of this study is to determine the anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, and anti-metastasis actions of rosmarinic acid rich fraction (RA-RF) from perilla seed meal and its underlying molecular mechanisms in A549 cells exposed to PMFF. PMFF samples were collected via the air sampler at the University of Phayao, Thailand, and their PAH content were analyzed using GC-MS. Fifteen PAH compounds were detected in PMFF. The PMFF significantly induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, MMP-9 activity, invasion, migration, the overexpression of c-Jun and p-65-NF-κB, and Akt phosphorylation. Additionally, the RA-RF significantly reduced ROS production, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and COX-2. RA-RF could also suppress MMP-9 activity, migration, invasion, and the phosphorylation activity of c-Jun, p-65-NF-κB, and Akt. Our findings revealed that RA-RF has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-metastasis properties via c-Jun, p-65-NF-κB, and Akt signaling pathways. RA-RF may be further developed as an inhalation agent for the prevention of lung inflammation and cancer metastasis induced by PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komsak Pintha
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Wittaya Chaiwangyen
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Supachai Yodkeeree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
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Wu AG, Zhou XG, Qiao G, Yu L, Tang Y, Yan L, Qiu WQ, Pan R, Yu CL, Law BYK, Qin DL, Wu JM. Targeting microglial autophagic degradation in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101202. [PMID: 33161129 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is considered as a detrimental factor in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), etc. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), the most well-studied inflammasome, is abundantly expressed in microglia and has gained considerable attention. Misfolded proteins are characterized as the common hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases due to not only their induced neuronal toxicity but also their effects in over-activating microglia and the NLRP3 inflammasome. The activated NLRP3 inflammasome aggravates the pathology and accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that microglial autophagy plays an important role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis and the negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation. The excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome impairs microglial autophagy and further aggravates the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review article, we summarize and discuss the NLRP3 inflammasome and its specific inhibitors in microglia. The crucial role of microglial autophagy and its inducers in the removal of misfolded proteins, the clearance of damaged mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the degradation of the NLRP3 inflammasome or its components in neurodegenerative diseases are summarized. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind the sex differences in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neurodegenerative diseases will help researchers to develop more targeted therapies and increase our diagnostic and prognostic abilities. In addition, the superiority of the combined use of microglial autophagy inducers with the specific inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation requires further preclinical and clinical validations in the future.
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