1
|
Ye X, Chen Q, Gong X, Zhou C, Yuan T, Wang X, Hong L, Zhang J, Song H. STIM2 Suppression Blocks Glial Activation to Alleviate Brain Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via Inhibition of Inflammation and Pyroptosis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2046-2063. [PMID: 37572222 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) involves various pathogenic mechanisms, including cytotoxicity, apoptosis, inflammation, and pyroptosis. Stromal interactive molecule 2 (STIM2) is implicated in cerebral ischemia. Consequently, this study investigates the biological functions of STIM2 and its related mechanisms in CIRI progression. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse models and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cellular models were established. STIM2 level was upregulated in experimental CIRI models, as shown by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Brain infarction and edema were attenuated by STIM2 knockdown, as 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and brain water content evaluation revealed. STIM2 knockdown relieved neuronal apoptosis, microglia activation, inflammation and pyroptosis in MCAO/R mice, as detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting. Results of flow cytometry, ELISA, western blotting and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays also showed that STIM2 knockdown inhibited inflammation, apoptosis and pyroptosis in OGD/R-treated BV2 cells. Moreover, STIM2 knockdown inhibited apoptosis and pyroptosis in PC12 cells incubated with conditioned medium collected from OGD/R-exposed BV2 cells. Mechanistically, lncRNA Malat1 (metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) positively regulated STIM2 expression by sponging miR-30d-5p. Their binding relationship was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. Finally, lncRNA Malat1 elevation or miR-30d-5p knockdown abolished the sh-STIM2-induced inhibition in cell damage. In conclusion, STIM2 knockdown in microglia alleviates CIRI by inhibiting microglial activation, inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Qinyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Xingrui Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Chunli Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Lin Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology&Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Jingzhou Road 136, Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China.
| | - Hua Song
- Xiangyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chunyuan Road 12,Fancheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ihnatovych I, Saddler RA, Sule N, Szigeti K. Translational implications of CHRFAM7A, an elusive human-restricted fusion gene. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1020-1032. [PMID: 38200291 PMCID: PMC11176066 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Genes restricted to humans may contribute to human-specific traits and provide a different context for diseases. CHRFAM7A is a uniquely human fusion gene and a negative regulator of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR). The α7 nAChR has been a promising target for diseases affecting cognition and higher cortical functions, however, the treatment effect observed in animal models failed to translate into human clinical trials. As CHRFAM7A was not accounted for in preclinical drug screens it may have contributed to the translational gap. Understanding the complex genetic architecture of the locus, deciphering the functional impact of CHRFAM7A on α7 nAChR neurobiology and utilizing human-relevant models may offer novel approaches to explore α7 nAChR as a drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna Ihnatovych
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott St., Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Ruth-Ann Saddler
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott St., Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Norbert Sule
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm St, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Kinga Szigeti
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott St., Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu XY, Zhang LY, Wang XY, Li SC, Hu YY, Zhang JG, Xian XH, Li WB, Zhang M. STAT4-Mediated Klotho Up-Regulation Contributes to the Brain Ischemic Tolerance by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning via Inhibiting Neuronal Pyroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2336-2356. [PMID: 37875707 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study has proved that the Klotho up-regulation participated in cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP)-induced brain ischemic tolerance. However, the exact neuroprotective mechanism of Klotho in CIP remains unclear. We explored the hypothesis that STAT4-mediated Klotho up-regulation contributes to the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance via inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis. Firstly, the expressions of pyroptosis-associated proteins (i.e., NLRP3, GSDMD, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1) in hippocampal CA1 region were determined during the process of brain ischemic tolerance. We found the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins was significantly up-regulated in the ischemic insult (II) group, and showed no significant changes in the CIP group. The expression level of each pyroptosis-associated proteins was lower in the CIP + II group than that in the II group. Inhibition of Klotho expression increased the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in the CIP + II group and blocked the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance. Injection of Klotho protein decreased the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in the II group, and protected neurons from ischemic injury. Secondly, the transcription factor STAT4 of Klotho was identified by bioinformatic analysis. Double luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed STAT4 can bind to the site between nt - 881 and - 868 on the Klotho promoter region and positively regulates Klotho expression. Moreover, we found CIP significantly enhanced the expression of STAT4. Knockdown STAT4 suppressed Klotho up-regulation after CIP and blocked the CIP-induced brain ischemic tolerance. Collectively, it can be concluded that STAT4-mediated the up-regulation of Klotho contributed to the brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP via inhibiting pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan X, Xia Y, Jiang P, Chen J, Wang C. Neuroinflammation Targeting Pyroptosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives in Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04050-6. [PMID: 38383921 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a recently identified type of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD) mediated by inflammasomes and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLs) and dependent on members of the caspase family. Pyroptosis has been widely reported to participate in the occurrence and progression of various inflammatory diseases, including stroke, a frequently lethal disease with high prevalence and many complications. To date, there have been no effectively therapeutic strategies and methods for treating stroke. Pyroptosis is thought to be closely related to the occurrence and development of stroke. Understanding inflammatory responses induced by the activation of pyroptosis would be hopeful to provide feasible approaches and strategies. Targeting on molecules in the upstream or downstream of pyroptosis pathway has shown promise in the treatment of stroke. The present review summarizes current research on the characteristics of pyroptosis, the function and pathological phenomena of pyroptosis in stroke, the molecule mechanisms related to inflammatory pathways, and the drugs and other molecules that can affect outcomes after stroke. These findings may help identify possible targets or new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Yuan
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272011, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang L, Li G, Li Y. TRIM59 suppresses the brain ischaemia/reperfusion injury and pyroptosis of microglial through mediating the ubiquitination of NLRP3. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2511. [PMID: 38291200 PMCID: PMC10828378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induces irreversible brain injury and causes functional impairment. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in protein degradation, but its role in cerebral I/R injury remains unclear. Differentially expressed genes in stroke were identified by analysing the microarray dataset GSE119121. Cerebral I/R was simulated in vitro by treating human microglial HMC3 cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Cell viability was tested by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assays, and pyroptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inflammatory cytokine secretion were measured by LDH cytotoxicity assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The cerebral I/R animal model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery in rats. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) is downregulated in stroke, which was verified in cerebral I/R models. The upregulation of TRIM59 promoted viability and inhibited pyroptosis in OGD/R-treated microglia and alleviated cerebral I/R injury in vivo. TRIM59 attenuated NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) protein expression through ubiquitination, thus degrading NLRP3 and alleviating OGD/R-induced injury. TRIM59 relieves cerebral I/R injury in vivo and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRIM59 directly interacts with NLRP3 and inhibits NLRP3 through ubiquitination. Targeting the TRIM59/NLRP3 signalling axis may be an effective therapeutic strategy for cerebral I/R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangtian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gang Li
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Special Inspection, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 453, Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao X, Wang Z, Wang J, Xu F, Zhang Y, Han D, Fang W. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by regulating microglia polarization via A20/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111396. [PMID: 38134597 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, resident brain immune cells, is critical in inflammation, apoptosis, neurogenesis and neurological recovery during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a novel identified endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible neurotrophic factor, can alleviate I/R injury by reducing the inflammatory reaction, but its specific regulatory mechanism on microglia after ischemic stroke has not been fully clarified. To mimic the process of ischemia/reperfusion in vivo and in vitro, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was induced in C57BL/6J mice and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in BV-2 cells. Moreover, MANF small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence the expression of endogenous MANF, while recombination human MANF protein (rhMANF) acted as an exogenous supplement. Seventy-two hours after MCAO/R, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium staining, neurological scores, brain water content, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, quantitative real-time PCR and western blot are applied to evaluate the protective effect and possible mechanism of MANF on cerebral I/R injury. In vitro, cell viability, inflammatory cytokines and the expression of MANF, A20, NF-κB and the markers of microglia were analyzed. The results showed that MANF decreased brain infarct volume, neurological scores, and brain water content. In addition, MANF promoted the polarization of microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype both in vivo and in vitro, which are related to A20/NF-κB pathway. In summary, MANF may offer novel therapeutic approaches for ischemic stroke in the process of microglia polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fenglian Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Weirong Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou R, Niu K, Wang C, He J, Huang W, Li T, Lan H, Zhang Y, Dang X, Mao L. Human-specific CHRFAM7A primes macrophages for a heightened pro-inflammatory response at the earlier stage of inflammation. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1926-1941. [PMID: 37655479 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
α7-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is the key effector molecule of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Evolution has evolved a uniquely human α7-nAChR encoded by CHRFAM7A. It has been demonstrated that CHRFAM7A dominant negatively regulates the functions of α7-nAChR. However, its role in inflammation remains to be fully characterized. CHRFAM7A transgenic (Tg) mice were phenotypically normal and their peritoneal macrophages exhibited decreased ligand-binding capability and, importantly, an activated gene expression profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Surprisingly, when challenged with sepsis, the Tg mice showed no survival disadvantage relative to their wild-type (Wt) counterparts. Further analysis showed that the complete blood count and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were comparable at resting state, but the degrees of leukocyte mobilization and the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in Tg than Wt mice at the early stage of sepsis. In vitro, peritoneal macrophages of the Tg mice exhibited an exaggerated response to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), especially at the earlier time points and at lower dosages of LPS. Remarkably, monocytes from CHRFAM7A-carrier showed similar dynamic changes of the pro-inflammatory cytokines to that observed in the Tg mice upon LPS challenge. Our results suggest that CHRFAM7A increases the mobilization of leukocytes and primes macrophages that confer an enhanced immune response at the early stage of inflammation, which may lead to prompt pathogen clearance, an evolutionary advantage in less severe inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- National Regional Children's Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keran Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianghui He
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- National Regional Children's Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Huan Lan
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- National Regional Children's Medical Center (Northwest), Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xitong Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Liang Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bao B, Yin XP, Wen XQ, Suo YJ, Chen ZY, Li DL, Lai Q, Cao XM, Qu QM. The protective effects of EGCG was associated with HO-1 active and microglia pyroptosis inhibition in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105603. [PMID: 37633650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which has high mortality and disability rate is associated with microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation, and the effective treatment methods are limited Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been found to play a cytoprotective role by regulating the anti-inflammatory response to pyroptosis in other systemic diseases. However, the role of EGCG in microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation after ICH remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG pretreatment on neuroinflammation-mediated neuronal pyroptosis and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms in experimental ICH. EGCG pretreatment was found to remarkably improved neurobehavioral performance, and decreased the hematoma volume and cerebral edema in mice. We found that EGCG pretreatment attenuated the release of hemin-induced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α). EGCG significantly upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and downregulated the levels of pyroptotic molecules and inflammatory cytokines including Caspase-1, GSDMD, NLRP3, mature IL-1β, and IL-18. EGCG pretreatment also decreased the number of Caspase-1-positive microglia and GSDMD along with NLRP3-positive microglia after ICH. Conversely, an HO-1-specific inhibitor (ZnPP), significantly inhibited the anti-pyroptosis and anti-neuroinflammation effects of EGCG. Therefore, EGCG pretreatment alleviated microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation, at least in part through the Caspase-1/GSDMD/NLRP3 pathway by upregulating HO-1 expression after ICH. In addition, EGCG pretreatment promoted the polarization of microglia from the M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype after ICH. The results suggest that EGCG is a potential agent to attenuate neuroinflammation via its anti-pyroptosis effect after ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Yi-Jun Suo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Dong-Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Qin Lai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xian-Ming Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No.57 Xunyang East Rode, Xunyang District, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Qiu-Min Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roa-Vidal N, Rodríguez-Aponte AS, Lasalde-Dominicci JA, Capó-Vélez CM, Delgado-Vélez M. Cholinergic Polarization of Human Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15732. [PMID: 37958716 PMCID: PMC10650439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages serve as vital defenders, protecting the body by exhibiting remarkable cellular adaptability in response to invading pathogens and various stimuli. These cells express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with the α7-nAChR being extensively studied due to its involvement in activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Activation of this pathway plays a crucial role in suppressing macrophages' production of proinflammatory cytokines, thus mitigating excessive inflammation and maintaining host homeostasis. Macrophage polarization, which occurs in response to specific pathogens or insults, is a process that has received limited attention concerning the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and the contributions of the α7-nAChR in this context. This review aims to present evidence highlighting how the cholinergic constituents in macrophages, led by the α7-nAChR, facilitate the polarization of macrophages towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Additionally, we explore the influence of viral infections on macrophage inflammatory phenotypes, taking into account cholinergic mechanisms. We also review the current understanding of macrophage polarization in response to these infections. Finally, we provide insights into the relatively unexplored partial duplication of the α7-nAChR, known as dup α7, which is emerging as a significant factor in macrophage polarization and inflammation scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Roa-Vidal
- Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA;
| | - Adriana S. Rodríguez-Aponte
- Department of Biology, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA; (A.S.R.-A.); (C.M.C.-V.)
| | - José A. Lasalde-Dominicci
- Department of Biology, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA; (A.S.R.-A.); (C.M.C.-V.)
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, Clinical Bioreagent Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Science Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00901, USA
| | - Coral M. Capó-Vélez
- Department of Biology, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA; (A.S.R.-A.); (C.M.C.-V.)
| | - Manuel Delgado-Vélez
- Department of Biology, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA; (A.S.R.-A.); (C.M.C.-V.)
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, Clinical Bioreagent Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang L, Gao Y, Huang J, Yang H, Zhao P, Li C, Yang Z. LncRNA Gm44206 Promotes Microglial Pyroptosis Through NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Axis and Aggravate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:554-562. [PMID: 37566540 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the inflammatory response triggered by microglial pyroptosis inflammatory activation may be one of the effective ways to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, the specific mechanism of which remains unclear. In this study, BV-2 microglia with or without oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) or long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Gm44206 knockdown were used as cell models to conduct an in vitro study. Detection of lactate dehydrogenase release and pyroptosis-related protein levels was performed using a corresponding kit and western blotting, respectively. Proliferation of microglia was evaluated by CCK8 assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied for measuring levels of proinflammatory cytokines. This study verified the involvement of microglial pyroptosis as well as upregulation of NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Moreover, knockdown of lncRNA Gm44206 could alleviate OGD/R-induced microglial pyroptosis and cell proliferation inhibition through the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, thus decreasing the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In conclusion, this study established a correlation between microglial pyroptosis and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and identified lncRNA Gm44206 as a potential regulator of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD axis-mediated microglial pyroptosis, which could be considered a promising therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hantao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Puyuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine of China, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bai W, Huo S, Zhou G, Li J, Yang Y, Shao J. Biliverdin modulates the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115057. [PMID: 37399716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether Biliverdin, which is a common metabolite of haem, can alleviate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) by inhibiting pyroptosis. Here, CIRI was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO/R) in C57BL/6 J mice and modelled by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 cells, it was treated with or without Biliverdin. The spatiotemporal expression of GSDMD-N and infarction volumes were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), respectively. The NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, which is central to the pyroptosis process, as well as the expression of Nrf2, A20, and eEF1A2 were determined by Western-blots. Nrf2, A20, and eEF1A2 interactions were verified using dual-luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, or co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, the role of Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis in modulating the neuroprotective properties of Biliverdin was investigated using A20 or eEF1A2 gene interference (overexpression and/or silencing). 40 mg/kg of Biliverdin could significantly alleviate CIRI both in vivo and in vitro, promoted the activation of Nrf2, elevated A20 expression, but decreased eEF1A2 expression. Nrf2 can bind to the promoter of A20, thereby transcriptionally regulating the expression of A20. A20 can furthermore interacted with eEF1A2 through its ZnF4 domain to ubiquitinate and degrade it, leading to the downregulation of eEF1A2. Our studies have also demonstrated that either the knock-down of A20 or over-expression of eEF1A2 blunted the protective effect of Biliverdin. Rescue experiments further confirmed that Biliverdin could regulate the NF-κB pathway via the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis. In summary, our study demonstrates that Biliverdin ameliorates CIRI by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway via the Nrf2/A20/eEF1A2 axis. Our findings can help identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of CIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Siying Huo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guilin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jianlin Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leonard S, Benfante R. Unanswered questions in the regulation and function of the duplicated α7 nicotinic receptor gene CHRFAM7A. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106783. [PMID: 37164281 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The α7 nicotinic receptor (α7 nAChR) is an important entry point for Ca2+ into the cell, which has broad and important effects on gene expression and function. The gene (CHRNA7), mapping to chromosome (15q14), has been genetically linked to a large number of diseases, many of which involve defects in cognition. While numerous mutations in CHRNA7 are associated with mental illness and inflammation, an important control point may be the function of a recently discovered partial duplication CHRNA7, CHRFAM7A, that negatively regulates the function of the α7 receptor, through the formation of heteropentamers; other functions cannot be excluded. The deregulation of this human specific gene (CHRFAM7A) has been linked to neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory disorders and has important copy number variations. Much effort is being made to understand its function and regulation both in healthy and pathological conditions. However, many questions remain to be answered regarding its functional role, its regulation, and its role in the etiogenesis of neurological and inflammatory disorders. Missing knowledge on the pharmacology of the heteroreceptor has limited the discovery of new molecules capable of modulating its activity. Here we review the state of the art on the role of CHRFAM7A, highlighting unanswered questions to be addressed. A possible therapeutic approach based on genome editing protocols is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Leonard
- Department of Psychiatry - University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Roberta Benfante
- CNR - Institute of Neuroscience, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy; Dept. Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; NeuroMI - Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Effects of Different Exercise Types on Chrna7 and Chrfam7a Expression in Healthy Normal Weight and Overweight Type 2 Diabetic Adults. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020565. [PMID: 36831101 PMCID: PMC9953734 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Considering that the CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A genes can be modulated by acute or chronic inflammation, and exercise modulates inflammatory responses, the question that arises is whether physical exercise could exert any effect on the expression of these genes. Thus, the aim of this work is to identify the effects of different types of exercises on the expression of the CHRNA7, CHRFAM7A and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in leukocytes of healthy normal weight (HNW), and overweight with type 2 diabetes (OT2D) individuals. Methods: 15 OT2D and 13 HNW participants (men and women, from 40 to 60 years old) performed in a randomized crossover design three exercise sessions: aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE) and combined exercise (CE). Blood samples were collected at rest and post-60-min of the exercise sessions. The leukocytes were the analysis of the CHRNA7, CHRFAM7A and (TNF-α) gene expression. Results: At baseline, OT2D had higher CHRFAM7A and TNF-α expression compared to HNW. No statistical differences were observed between groups for CHRNA7; however, the HNW group presented almost twice as many subjects with the expression of this gene (24% vs. 49%). Post exercise, the CHRFAM7A increased in AE, RE and CE for HNW, and in AE and CE for OT2D. There was no significant difference for TNF-α and CHRNA7 expression between any type of exercise and group. Conclusions: Our study shows that OT2D individuals presented higher baseline expression of TNF-α and CHRFAM7A, besides evidence of decreased CHRNA7A expression in leukocytes when compared with HNW. On the other hand, acutely physical exercise induces increased CHRFAM7A expression, especially when the aerobic component is present.
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang K, Bao T, Zeng J, Wang S, Yuan X, Xiang W, Xu H, Zeng L, Ge J. Research progress on pyroptosis-mediated immune-inflammatory response in ischemic stroke and the role of natural plant components as regulator of pyroptosis: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113999. [PMID: 36455455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Its pathogenesis is not completely clear, and inflammatory cascade is one of its main pathological processes. The current clinical practice of IS is to restore the blood supply to the ischemic area after IS as soon as possible through thrombolytic therapy to protect the vitality and function of neurons. However, blood reperfusion further accelerates ischemic damage and cause ischemia-reperfusion injury. The pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury involves multiple mechanisms, and the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered form of inflammatory programmed cell death, plays an important role in the initiation and progression of inflammation. It is a pro-inflammatory programmed death mediated by caspase Caspase-1/4/5/11, which can lead to cell swelling and rupture, release inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18, and induce an inflammatory cascade. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis and its mediated inflammatory response are important factors in aggravating ischemic brain injury, and inhibition of pyroptosis may alleviate the ischemic brain injury. Furthermore, studies have found that natural plant components may have a regulatory effect on pyroptosis. Therefore, this review not only summarizes the molecular mechanism of pyroptosis and its role in ischemic stroke, but also the role of natural plant components as regulator of pyroptosis, in order to provide reference information on pyroptosis for the treatment of IS in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Tingting Bao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou B, Zhang Y, Dang X, Li B, Wang H, Gong S, Li S, Meng F, Xing J, Li T, He L, Zou P, Wan Y. Up-regulation of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene protects against renal fibrosis in mice with obstructive nephropathy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:52-65. [PMID: 36479618 PMCID: PMC9806291 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a major factor in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of renal fibrosis, which is also accompanied by inflammation. To explore the effect of human-specific CHRFAM7A expression, an inflammation-related gene, on renal fibrosis during obstructive nephropathy, we studied CHRFAM7A transgenic mice and wild type mice that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury. Transgenic overexpression of CHRFAM7A gene inhibited UUO-induced renal fibrosis, which was demonstrated by decreased fibrotic gene expression and collagen deposition. Furthermore, kidneys from transgenic mice had reduced TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 expression following UUO compared with those from wild type mice with UUO. In addition, the overexpression of CHRFAM7A decreased release of inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys of UUO-injured mice. In vitro, the overexpression of CHRFAM7A inhibited TGF-β1-induced increase in expression of fibrosis-related genes in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). Additionally, up-regulated expression of CHRFAM7A in HK-2 cells decreased TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibited activation f TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathways. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that overexpression of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene can reduce UUO-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway to reduce inflammatory reactions and EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Yudian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xitong Dang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of EducationSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Shu Gong
- Science and Technology DivisionSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Indiana Center for Liver Research, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Juan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Longfei He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng Y, Xu X, Chi F, Cong N. Pyroptosis: A Newly Discovered Therapeutic Target for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1625. [PMID: 36358975 PMCID: PMC9687982 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, uncommon among patients suffering from myocardial infarction, stroke, or acute kidney injury, can result in cell death and organ dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that different types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, can occur during I/R injury. Pyroptosis, which is characterized by cell membrane pore formation, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and cell burst, and which differentiates itself from apoptosis and necroptosis, has been found to be closely related to I/R injury. Therefore, targeting the signaling pathways and key regulators of pyroptosis may be favorable for the treatment of I/R injury, which is far from adequate at present. This review summarizes the current status of pyroptosis and its connection to I/R in different organs, as well as potential treatment strategies targeting it to combat I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinda Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fanglu Chi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ning Cong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Hearing Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Research Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peng W, Mao L, Dang X. The emergence of the uniquely human α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene and its roles in inflammation. Gene 2022; 842:146777. [PMID: 35952843 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The uniquely human CHRFAM7A gene is evolved from the fusion of two partially duplicated genes, ULK4 and CHRNA7. Transcription of CHRFAM7A gene produces a 1256-bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes duplicate α7-nAChR (dup-α7-nAChR), in which a 27-aminoacid peptide derived from ULK4 gene replaces the 146-aminoacid N-terminal extracellular domain of α7-nAChR, and the rest protein domains are exactly the same as those of α7-nAChR. In vitro, dup-α7-nAChR has been shown to form hetero-pentamer with α7-nAChR and dominant-negatively inhibits the channel functions of the latter. α7-nAChR has been shown to participate in many pathophysiological processes such as cognition, memory, neuronal degenerative disease, psychological disease, and inflammatory diseases, among others, and thus has been extensively exploited as potential therapeutic targets for many diseases. Unfortunately, many lead compounds that showed potent therapeutic effect in preclinical animal models failed clinical trials, suggesting the possibility that the contribution of the uniquely human CHRFAM7A gene may not be accounted for in the preclinical research. Here, we review the emergence of CHRFAM7A gene and its transcriptional regulation, the regulatory roles of CHRFAM7A gene in α7-nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, and the potential implications of CHRFAM7A gene in translational research and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, India
| | - Liang Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, India
| | - Xitong Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, India; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Poornajaf Y, Hussen BM, Hajiesmaeili Y, Abak A, Taheri M, Eghbali A. NLRP3: Role in ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926895. [PMID: 36238294 PMCID: PMC9552576 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is expressed in immune cells, especially in dendritic cells and macrophages and acts as a constituent of the inflammasome. This protein acts as a pattern recognition receptor identifying pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In addition to recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, it recognizes damage-associated molecular patterns. Triggering of NLRP3 inflammasome by molecules ATP released from injured cells results in the activation of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome has been demonstrated to stimulate inflammatory or metabolic diseases. Thus, NLRP3 is regarded as a proper target for decreasing activity of NLRP3 inflammasome. Recent studies have also shown abnormal activity of NLRP3 in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. In the current review, we have focused on the role of this protein in I/R injuries in the gastrointestinal, neurovascular and cardiovascular systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Yadollah Poornajaf
- Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Atefe Abak
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Ahmad Eghbali,
| | - Ahmad Eghbali
- Anesthesiology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Ahmad Eghbali,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Activation of LRP1 Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Cognitive Decline by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress through TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8729398. [PMID: 36035210 PMCID: PMC9410841 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8729398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinical event associated with high morbidity and mortality. Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced brain injury and cognitive decline. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) can exert strong neuroprotection in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. However, whether LRP1 can confer neuroprotective effects after cerebral I/R is yet to be elucidated. The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of LRP1 activation on cerebral I/R injury and deducing the underlying mechanism involving TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Cerebral I/R injury was induced in mice by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. LPR1 ligand, apoE-mimic peptide COG1410, was administered intraperitoneally. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, overexpression of TXNIP was achieved via the hippocampal injection of AAV-TXNIP before COG1410 treatment. Neurobehavioral tests, brain water content, immunofluorescence, Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, HE, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining were performed. Our results showed that the expressions of endogenous LRP1, TXNIP, NLRP3, procaspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1 were increased after cerebral I/R. COG1410 significantly ameliorated cerebral I/R-induced neurobehavioral deficits, brain edema, histopathological damage, and poor survival rate. Interestingly, COG1410 inhibited microglia proinflammatory polarization and promoted anti-inflammatory polarization, decreased oxidative stress, attenuated apoptosis, and inhibited the expression of the TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway. However, the benefits of COG1410 were abolished by TXNIP overexpression. Thus, our study suggested that LRP1 activation with COG1410 attenuated cerebral I/R injury at least partially related to modulating microglial polarization through TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway in mice. Thus, COG1410 treatment might serve as a promising therapeutic approach in the management of cerebral I/R patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zeng Y, Zhang W, Xue T, Zhang D, Lv M, Jiang Y. Sphk1-induced autophagy in microglia promotes neuronal injury following cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4287-4303. [PMID: 35766986 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microglial hyperactivation mediated by sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine-1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P) signalling and the consequent inflammatory mediator production serve as the key drivers of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Although SphK1 reportedly controls autophagy and microglial activation, it remains uncertain as to whether SphK1 is similarly capable of regulating damage mediated by CIRI-activated microglia. In the current study, we adopted both in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGDR) models and in vivo rat models of focal CIRI to ascertain this possibility. It was found that CIRI upregulated SphK1 and induced autophagy in microglia, while inhibiting these changes significantly impaired to prevented neuronal apoptosis. Results of mechanistic investigation revealed that SphK1 promoted autophagy via the tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) pathway. Altogether, our findings unfolded to reveal a novel mechanism, whereby SphK1-induced autophagy in microglia contributed to the pathogenesis of CIRI, potentially highlighting novel avenues for future therapeutic intervention in ischaemic stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tengteng Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Department of New Media and Arts, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Manhua Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongjia Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu X, Wan T, Gao X, Fu M, Duan Y, Shen X, Guo W. Microglia Pyroptosis: A Candidate Target for Neurological Diseases Treatment. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:922331. [PMID: 35937897 PMCID: PMC9354884 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.922331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its profound implications in the fight against cancer, pyroptosis have important role in the regulation of neuronal injury. Microglia are not only central members of the immune regulation of the central nervous system (CNS), but are also involved in the development and homeostatic maintenance of the nervous system. Under various pathological overstimulation, microglia pyroptosis contributes to the massive release of intracellular inflammatory mediators leading to neuroinflammation and ultimately to neuronal damages. In addition, microglia pyroptosis lead to further neurological damage by decreasing the ability to cleanse harmful substances. The pathogenic roles of microglia in a variety of CNS diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, multiple sclerosis and depression, and many other neurological disorders have been gradually unveiled. In the context of different neurological disorders, inhibition of microglia pyroptosis by targeting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing (NLRP) 3, caspase-1 and gasdermins (GSDMs) by various chemical agents as well as natural products significantly improve the symptoms or outcome in animal models. This study will provide new ideas for immunomodulatory treatment of CNS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province Directly Affiliated TCM Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Teng Wan
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mingyuan Fu
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yunfeng Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province Directly Affiliated TCM Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xiangru Shen
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangru Shen
| | - Weiming Guo
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Weiming Guo
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Anfibatide alleviates inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting NF-kappaB/NLRP3 axis in ischemic stroke. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175032. [PMID: 35584710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key mediator of inflammatory response and can induce the activation of apoptosis signaling pathways in ischemic stroke. In this research, we assessed the effects of anfibatide (ANF) on inflammatory and apoptosis in cerebral ischemic injury and the potential mechanisms. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established on male Sprague-Dawley rats to induce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo. Primary cortical neurons (PCN) cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction (OGD/R) to mimic cerebral I/R injury in vitro. The results showed that ANF markedly alleviated infarct volume, neurological deficit and neurobehavioral impairment in MCAO/R rats, enhanced cell viability and decreased LDH release in PCN after OGD/R. The number of TUNEL-positive cells, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, p-IκBα, p-p65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, IL-β and IL-18 proteins expression were significantly upregulated in the cortex of MCAO/R rats and PCN exposed to OGD/R, NLRP3 and caspase-1 mRNA levels were also evidently elevated. Bcl-2 protein expression significantly decreased in the cortex of MCAO/R rats. Treatment with ANF obviously inhibited the expression of p-IκBα, p-p65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, promoted the expression of Bcl-2, then decreased the TUNEL-positive cell number and the level of inflammatory cytokines (IL-β and IL-18) in cerebral ischemia reperfusion in vito and in vitro. Our findings suggest that ANF exerts effects of alleviating inflammation and apoptosis through inhibiting NF-kappaB/NLRP3 axis. ANF is a potential candidate for treating cerebral I/R injury.
Collapse
|
23
|
Bai W, Huo S, Li J, Shao J. Advances in the Study of the Ubiquitin-Editing Enzyme A20. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:845262. [PMID: 35592427 PMCID: PMC9110840 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin modification is a common post-translational protein modification and an important mechanism whereby the body regulates protein levels and functions. As a common enzyme associated with ubiquitin modification, the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 may be closely associated with the development of numerous pathological processes through its different structural domains. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the following: advances in ubiquitination research, the structure and function of A20, and the relationships between A20 and immune inflammatory response, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Siying Huo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianlin Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi M, Chen J, Liu T, Dai W, Zhou Z, Chen L, Xie Y. Protective Effects of Remimazolam on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Inhibiting of NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:413-423. [PMID: 35210755 PMCID: PMC8863189 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s344240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAa) receptor agonist used for sedation and the induction as well as maintenance of general anesthesia. Previous research proved that anesthetic agents acting on GABAa receptor, such as thiopentone, propofol and midazolam, have protective actions for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We here probed into remimazolam for its protective effect and potential mechanism of action against cerebral I/R injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with focal transient cerebral I/R injury was established and was given tail vein injection of gradient remimazolam (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) after 2 h of ischemia. Following 24 h of reperfusion, neurological function, brain infarct volume, morphology of cerebral cortical neurons, and expressions of corticocerebral NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 were evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that remimazolam could effectively improve the neurological dysfunction, reduce the infarct volume and alleviate the damage of cortical neurons after I/R injury. Notably, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was down-regulated, suggesting that remimazolam exerted protective actions on I/R injury by suppressing pyroptosis with decreased expression and release of inflammatory factors, and the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway might be the core during that process. Overall, our results indicate that NLRP3 inflammation is a promising target. CONCLUSION Based on this mechanism, remimazolam may be one of the ideal anesthetic drugs for patients with ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Di Lascio S, Fornasari D, Benfante R. The Human-Restricted Isoform of the α7 nAChR, CHRFAM7A: A Double-Edged Sword in Neurological and Inflammatory Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073463. [PMID: 35408823 PMCID: PMC8998457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CHRFAM7A is a relatively recent and exclusively human gene arising from the partial duplication of exons 5 to 10 of the α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (α7 nAChR) encoding gene, CHRNA7. CHRNA7 is related to several disorders that involve cognitive deficits, including neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory disorders. In extra-neuronal tissues, α7nAChR plays an important role in proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion, cell contact, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and tumor progression, as well as in the modulation of the inflammatory response through the “cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway”. CHRFAM7A translates the dupα7 protein in a multitude of cell lines and heterologous systems, while maintaining processing and trafficking that are very similar to the full-length form. It does not form functional ion channel receptors alone. In the presence of CHRNA7 gene products, dupα7 can assemble and form heteromeric receptors that, in order to be functional, should include at least two α7 subunits to form the agonist binding site. When incorporated into the receptor, in vitro and in vivo data showed that dupα7 negatively modulated α7 activity, probably due to a reduction in the number of ACh binding sites. Very recent data in the literature report that the presence of the duplicated gene may be responsible for the translational gap in several human diseases. Here, we will review the studies that have been conducted on CHRFAM7A in different pathologies, with the intent of providing evidence regarding when and how the expression of this duplicated gene may be beneficial or detrimental in the pathogenesis, and eventually in the therapeutic response, to CHRNA7-related neurological and non-neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milan, Italy; (S.D.L.); (D.F.)
| | - Diego Fornasari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milan, Italy; (S.D.L.); (D.F.)
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20845 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Roberta Benfante
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milan, Italy; (S.D.L.); (D.F.)
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20845 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
- NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang K, Lu WC, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Xian PP, Liu FF, Chen ZY, Kim CS, Wu SX, Tao HR, Wang YZ. Reducing host aldose reductase activity promotes neuronal differentiation of transplanted neural stem cells at spinal cord injury sites and facilitates locomotion recovery. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1814-1820. [PMID: 35017443 PMCID: PMC8820702 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.330624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising strategy for replacing lost neurons following spinal cord injury. However, the survival and differentiation of transplanted NSCs is limited, possibly owing to the neurotoxic inflammatory microenvironment. Because of the important role of glucose metabolism in M1/M2 polarization of microglia/macrophages, we hypothesized that altering the phenotype of microglia/macrophages by regulating the activity of aldose reductase (AR), a key enzyme in the polyol pathway of glucose metabolism, would provide a more beneficial microenvironment for NSC survival and differentiation. Here, we reveal that inhibition of host AR promoted the polarization of microglia/macrophages toward the M2 phenotype in lesioned spinal cord injuries. M2 macrophages promoted the differentiation of NSCs into neurons in vitro. Transplantation of NSCs into injured spinal cords either deficient in AR or treated with the AR inhibitor sorbinil promoted the survival and neuronal differentiation of NSCs at the injured spinal cord site and contributed to locomotor functional recovery. Our findings suggest that inhibition of host AR activity is beneficial in enhancing the survival and neuronal differentiation of transplanted NSCs and shows potential as a treatment of spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Can Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Pan-Pan Xian
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chung Sookja Kim
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Ren Tao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu J, He J, Huang Y, Ge L, Xiao H, Zeng L, Jiang Z, Lu M, Hu Z. Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells attenuate microglial pyroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1362. [PMID: 34733914 PMCID: PMC8506532 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Microglia plays a vital role in neuroinflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential for treating ICH. We previously revealed that MSCs ameliorate the microglial pyroptosis caused by an ischemic stroke. However, whether MSCs can modulate microglial pyroptosis after ICH remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hypoxia-preconditioned olfactory mucosa MSCs (OM-MSCs) on ICH and the possible mechanisms. Methods ICH was induced in mice via administration of collagenase IV. At 6 h post-ICH, 2-4×105 normoxic/hypoxic OM-MSCs or saline were intracerebrally administered. To evaluate the neuroprotective effects, the behavioral outcome, apoptosis, and neuronal injury were measured. Microglia activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines were applied to detect neuroinflammation. Microglial pyroptosis was determined by western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results The two OM-MSC-transplanted groups exhibited significantly improved functional recovery and reduced neuronal injury, especially the hypoxic OM-MSCs group. Hypoxic OM-MSCs attenuated microglial activation as well as the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, we found that hypoxia-preconditioned OM-MSCs ameliorated pyroptosis by diminishing the levels of pyroptosis-associated proteins in peri-hematoma brain tissues, decreasing the expression of the microglial nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) and caspase-1, and reducing the membrane pores on microglia post-ICH. Conclusions Our study showed that hypoxic preconditioning augments the therapeutic efficacy of OM-MSCs, and hypoxia-preconditioned OM-MSCs alleviate microglial pyroptosis in the ICH model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention, and Treatment, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li J, Shui X, Sun R, Wan L, Zhang B, Xiao B, Luo Z. Microglial Phenotypic Transition: Signaling Pathways and Influencing Modulators Involved in Regulation in Central Nervous System Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:736310. [PMID: 34594188 PMCID: PMC8476879 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.736310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are macrophages that reside in the central nervous system (CNS) and belong to the innate immune system. Moreover, they are crucially involved in CNS development, maturation, and aging; further, they are closely associated with neurons. In normal conditions, microglia remain in a static state. Upon trauma or lesion occurrence, microglia can be activated and subsequently polarized into the pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotype. The phenotypic transition is regulated by numerous modulators. This review focus on the literature regarding the modulators and signaling pathways involved in regulating the microglial phenotypic transition, which are rarely mentioned in other reviews. Hence, this review provides molecular insights into the microglial phenotypic transition, which could be a potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu Shui
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruizheng Sun
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lily Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Boxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Microglia as the Critical Regulators of Neuroprotection and Functional Recovery in Cerebral Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2505-2525. [PMID: 34460037 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microglial activation is considered as the critical pathogenic event in diverse central nervous system disorders including cerebral ischemia. Proinflammatory responses of activated microglia have been well reported in the ischemic brain and neuroinflammatory responses of activated microglia have been believed to be the potential therapeutic strategy. However, despite having proinflammatory roles, microglia can have significant anti-inflammatory roles and they are associated with the production of growth factors which are responsible for neuroprotection and recovery after ischemic injury. Microglia can directly promote neuroprotection by preventing ischemic infarct expansion and promoting functional outcomes. Indirectly, microglia are involved in promoting anti-inflammatory responses, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis in the ischemic brain which are crucial pathophysiological events for ischemic recovery. In fact, anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors produced by microglia can promote neuroprotection and attenuate neurobehavioral deficits. In addition, microglia regulate phagocytosis, axonal regeneration, blood-brain barrier protection, white matter integrity, and synaptic remodeling, which are essential for ischemic recovery. Microglia can also regulate crosstalk with neurons and other cell types to promote neuroprotection and ischemic recovery. This review mainly focuses on the roles of microglia in neuroprotection and recovery following ischemic injury. Furthermore, this review also sheds the light on the therapeutic potential of microglia in stroke patients.
Collapse
|