1
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Islam R, Singh R. Curcumin and PCI-34051 combined treatment ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis by affecting MAP kinase pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3063-3079. [PMID: 37934384 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bronchoconstriction, along with inflammation and hyperresponsiveness is the characteristic feature associated with asthma, contributing to variable airflow obstruction, which manifests shortness of breath, cough and wheeze, etc. Histone deacetylases 8 (HDAC8) is the member of class I HDAC family and known to regulate microtubule integrity and muscle contraction. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of HDAC8 inhibition in murine model of asthma using Pan-HDAC inhibitor curcumin (CUR) and HDAC8-specific inhibitor PCI-34051 (PCI), alone and in combination. MATERIALS AND METHODS To develop asthmatic mouse model, Balb/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). CUR (10 mg/kg, pre, post, alone and combined treatment) and PCI (0.5 mg/kg), were administered through intranasal (i.n) route, an hour before OVA aerosol challenge. Effects of HDAC8 inhibition by CUR and PCI pretreatments were evaluated in terms of inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis markers. Efficacy of curcumin post-treatment (CUR(p)) was also evaluated simultaneously. RESULTS Inflammatory cell recruitment, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide), histamine and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and expression of fibrosis markers including hydroxyproline, matrix metalloproteinases-9 and alpha smooth muscle actin (MMP-9 and α-SMA) were significantly reduced by CUR, CUR(p), PCI-alone and combined treatments. Protein expressions of HDAC8, Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) accompanied by MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) were significantly reduced by the treatments. Structural alterations were examined by histopathological analysis and linked with the fibrotic changes. CONCLUSIONS Present study indicates protective effects of HDAC8 inhibition in asthma using HDAC8 using CUR and PCI alone or in combination, attenuates airway inflammation, fibrosis and remodeling; hence, bronchoconstriction was accompanied through modulation of MAP kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiya Islam
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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2
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Suzuki T, Ohishi T, Tanabe H, Miyoshi N, Nakamura Y. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dietary Polyphenols through Inhibitory Activity against Metalloproteinases. Molecules 2023; 28:5426. [PMID: 37513300 PMCID: PMC10385587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent metalloproteinases that play important roles in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and brain diseases. Dietary polyphenols are thought to have a variety of beneficial effects on these diseases characterized by inflammation. Clinical studies have demonstrated that MMPs are in most cases upregulated in various inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Studies using patient-derived human samples, animal studies, and cellular experiments have suggested that polyphenols may be beneficial against inflammatory diseases by suppressing MMP gene expression and enzyme activity. One important mechanism by which polyphenols exert their activity is the downregulation of reactive oxygen species that promote MMP expression. Another important mechanism is the direct binding of polyphenols to MMPs and their inhibition of enzyme activity. Molecular docking analyses have provided a structural basis for the interaction between polyphenols and MMPs and will help to explore new polyphenol-based drugs with anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanabe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro, Hokkaido 096-8641, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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3
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Wang X, Liao Z, Zhao G, Dong W, Huang X, Zhou X, Liang X. Curcumin nanocrystals self-stabilized Pickering emulsion freeze-dried powder: Development, characterization, and suppression of airway inflammation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125493. [PMID: 37348593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a diketone compound extracted from turmeric's rhizome, is an effective anti-inflammatory drug with multiple pharmacological activities. However, its low oral bioavailability due to its low water solubility and permeability severely limits its clinical applications. Therefore, to enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin, further enhance its anti-inflammatory effects, and improve its potential in the treatment of airway inflammation, a curcumin nanocrystalline self-stabilizing Pickering emulsion (Cur-NSSPE) was prepared through high-pressure homogenization. Next, Cur-NSSPE was dried using a freeze-drying method to produce Cur-NSSPE-FDP. The prepared Cur-NSSPE and Cur-NSSPE-FDP were physically characterized. The release behavior and transmembrane transport capability of Cur-NSSPE-FDP in vitro were evaluated. Pharmacokinetic study was performed to evaluate its oral bioavailability. The anti-inflammatory effects of Cur-NSSPE-FDP in vivo and in vitro were investigated using RAW 264.7 macrophage inflammation model induced by LPS and IFN-γ and asthma model in BALB/c mice induced by OVA. The average particle size of Cur-NSSPE was (163.66 ± 6.78) nm, and the average drug content was (2.78 ± 0.01) mg/mL. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that the droplets were spherical in shape with a relatively uniform size, and the curcumin nanocrystals formed a spherical core-shell structure wrapped at the interface of the droplets. The scanning electron microscopy showed that Cur-NSSPE-FDP was a neatly arranged, having loose and porous network structure. Furthermore, it can significantly improve the cumulative release of curcumin in vitro and improve oral bioavailability in rats, increase the uptake of RAW264.7 and Caco-2 cells, promote the transport of curcumin across Caco-2 cells, significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors NO, IL-6, TNF-a, MDA, IgE and ICAM-1, and improve the expression of IL-10 and SOD. These results indicated that the curcumin nanocrystalline self-stabilizing Pickering emulsion-freeze dried powder improved the oral bioavailability of curcumin and enhanced its therapeutic effect in airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinli Liang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Islam R, Dash D, Singh R. An antioxidant ameliorates allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting HDAC 1 via HIF-1α/VEGF axis suppression in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9637. [PMID: 37316684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are novel class of drugs as they are involved in post translational modification of several proteins involved in signaling pathways related to asthma. HDACi have been reported to elicit protective effects on asthma but the signaling pathways associated with it have not been investigated much. Recently, we have demonstrated that intranasal administrations of Pan-HDAC inhibitors, sodium butyrate and curcumin, which have effectively reduced asthma severity via HDAC1 inhibition in Ovalbumin induced mouse model. Present study aimed to investigate possible pathways by which curcumin and sodium butyrate may minimize asthma pathogenesis via HDAC 1 inhibition. Balb/c mice were exposed (sensitized and challenged) with Ovalbumin to establish allergic asthma model followed by pretreatment of curcumin (5 mg/kg) and sodium butyrate (50 mg/kg) through intranasal route. Effects of curcumin and sodium butyrate on HIF-1α/VEGF signaling through activation of PI3K/Akt axis has been investigated using protein expressions followed by chromatin immunoprecipitation of BCL2 and CCL2 against HDAC1. Molecular docking analysis was also performed to investigate effects of curcumin and butyrate on mucus hypersecretion, goblet cell hyperplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Augmented expressions of HDAC-1, HIF-1α, VEGF, p-Akt and p-PI3K were observed in asthmatic group which was suppressed in both the treatments. NRF-2 level was significantly restored by curcumin and butyrate treatments. Protein expressions of p-p38, IL-5 and mRNA expressions of GATA-3 were also reduced in curcumin and butyrate treatment groups. Our findings suggest that curcumin and sodium butyrate may attenuate airway inflammation via down regulation of p-Akt/p-PI3K/HIF-1α/VEGF axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiya Islam
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - D Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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5
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Yoon SH, Song MK, Kim DI, Lee JK, Jung JW, Lee JW, Lee K. Comparative study of lung toxicity of E-cigarette ingredients to investigate E-cigarette or vaping product associated lung injury. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130454. [PMID: 37055947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
No comparative study has yet been performed on the respiratory effects of individual E-cigarette ingredients. Here, lung toxicity of individual ingredients of E-cigarette products containing nicotine or tetrahydrocannabinol was investigated. Mice were intratracheally administered propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), vitamin E acetate (VEA), or nicotine individually for two weeks. Cytological and histological changes were noticed in PG- and VEA-treated mice that exhibited pathophysiological changes which were associated with symptoms seen in patients with symptoms of E-cigarette or Vaping Use-Associated Lung Injuries (EVALI) or E-cigarette users. Compared to potential human exposure situations, while the VEA exposure condition was similar to the dose equivalent of VEA content in E-cigarettes, the PG condition was about 47-137 times higher than the dose equivalent of the daily PG intake of E-cigarette users. These results reveal that VEA exposure is much more likely to cause problems related to EVALI in humans than PG. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PG exposure was associated with fibrotic lung injury via the AKT signaling pathway and M2 macrophage polarization, and VEA exposure was associated with asthmatic airway inflammation via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study provides novel insights into the pathophysiological effects of individual ingredients of E-cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hoon Yoon
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Im Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeom-Kyu Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jung
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Won Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Wu YL, Chang JC, Chao YC, Chan H, Hsieh M, Liu CS. In Vitro Efficacy and Molecular Mechanism of Curcumin Analog in Pathological Regulation of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071389. [PMID: 35883884 PMCID: PMC9311745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activators, the mechanism of action of curcumin analog, ASC-JM17 (JM17), in regulating oxidative homeostasis remains unknown. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an inherited polyglutamine neurodegenerative disease caused mainly by polyglutamine neurotoxicity and oxidative stress. Presently, we compared actions of JM17 with those of known Nrf2 activators, omaveloxolone (RTA-408) and dimethyl fumarate (DMF), using human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells with stable transfection of full-length ataxin-3 protein with 78 CAG repeats (MJD78) to clarify the resulting pathological mechanism by assaying mitochondrial function, mutant ataxin-3 protein toxicity, and oxidative stress. JM17, 1 μM, comprehensively restored mitochondrial function, decreased mutant protein aggregates, and attenuated intracellular/mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Although JM17 induced dose-dependent Nrf2 activation, a low dose of JM17 (less than 5 μM) still had a better antioxidant ability compared to the other Nrf2 activators and specifically increased mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 in an Nrf2-dependent manner as shown by knockdown experiments with siRNA. It showed that activation of Nrf2 in response to ROS generated in mitochondria could play an import role in the benefit of JM17. This study presents the diversified regulation of JM17 in a pathological process and helped develop more effective therapeutic strategies for SCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Wu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50091, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Chih Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50091, Taiwan;
- General Research Laboratory of Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50091, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chao
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50091, Taiwan;
| | - Hardy Chan
- Allianz Pharmascience Limited, Taipei 10682, Taiwan;
| | - Mingli Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, Life Science Research Center, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50091, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-4-7238595 (ext. 4751)
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7
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Zhou BW, Liu HM, Jia XH. The Role and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma: Overview and Progress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917256. [PMID: 35910345 PMCID: PMC9335520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma as an individual disease has blighted human health for thousands of years and is still a vital global health challenge at present. Though getting much progress in the utilization of antibiotics, mucolytics, and especially the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists (LABA), we are confused about the management of asthmatic airway inflammation and remodeling, which directly threatens the quality of life for chronic patients. The blind addition of ICS will not benefit the remission of cough, wheeze, or sputum, but to increase the risk of side effects. Thus, it is necessary to explore an effective therapy to modulate asthmatic inflammation and airway remodeling. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has justified its anti-asthma effect in clinical practice but its underlying mechanism and specific role in asthma are still unknown. Some animal studies demonstrated that the classic formula, direct exacts, and natural compounds isolated from TCM could significantly alleviate airway structural alterations and exhibit the anti-inflammatory effects. By investigating these findings and data, we will discuss the possible pathomechanism underlined airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma and the unique role of TCM in the treatment of asthma through regulating different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-wen Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hua-man Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-hua Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-hua Jia,
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8
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Saleh DO, Nasr M, Hassan A, El‐Awdan SA, Abdel Jaleel GA. Curcumin nanoemulsion ameliorates brain injury in diabetic rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14104. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia O. Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Azza Hassan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Sally A. El‐Awdan
- Department of Pharmacology Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
| | - Gehad A. Abdel Jaleel
- Department of Pharmacology Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
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9
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Intranasal curcumin and dexamethasone combination ameliorates inflammasome (NLRP3) activation in lipopolysachharide exposed asthma exacerbations. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 436:115861. [PMID: 34998855 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, the pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is closely associated with exacerbation of asthma as endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) is one of its activators present in the environment. Present study is undertaken to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of a well known phytochemical, curcumin, which might regulate LPS exposed asthma exacerbations by modulating NLRP3 activation if given through intranasal route. Balb/c mice were sensitized with intraperitoneal injection of OVA (Ovalbumin; 100 μg of OVA with alum) from day 1 to 8 and exposed to LPS with 1% OVA aerosol from day 9 to 15. LPS (0.1 μg) was given an hour before sensitization and OVA-aerosol challenge. Significant decrease in inflammatory cell recruitment and restoration of structural changes in lungs, alterations in mRNA and protein expressions of TLR-4, NF-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, MMP-9, IL-5 and IL-17 in intranasal curcumin alone and corticosteroid combined pretreatment group.
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10
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Wieczfinska J, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Rieske P, Pawliczak R. Curcumin modulates airway remodelling-contributing genes-the significance of transcription factors. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:736-749. [PMID: 34939316 PMCID: PMC8817128 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts play an essential role in airway remodelling, due to their protective and secretory functions. There are many studies proving that infection caused by human rhinovirus may contribute to the process of airway remodelling. The beneficial properties of curcumin, the basic ingredient of turmeric, have been proved in many studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was the evaluation of curcumin immunomodulatory properties in development of airway remodelling. Fibroblasts (WI‐38 and HFL1) and epithelial cells (NHBE) were incubated with curcumin. Additionally, remodelling conditions were induced with rhinovirus (HRV). Airway remodelling genes were determined by qPCR and immunoblotting. Moreover, NF‐κB, c‐Myc and STAT3 were silenced to analyse the pathways involved in airway remodelling. Curcumin reduced the expression of the genes analysed, especially MMP‐9, TGF‐β and collagen I. Moreover, curcumin inhibited the HRV‐induced expression of MMP‐9, TGF‐β, collagen I and LTC4S (p < 0.05). NF‐κB, c‐Myc and STAT3 changed their course of expression. Concluding, our study shows that curcumin significantly downregulated gene expression related to the remodelling process, which is dependent on NF‐κB and, partially, on c‐Myc and STAT3. The results suggest that the remodelling process may be limited and possibly prevented, however this issue requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Rieske
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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11
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Identification of inflammatory markers in eosinophilic cells of the immune system: fluorescence, Raman and CARS imaging can recognize markers but differently. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:52. [PMID: 34936035 PMCID: PMC8739296 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils (Eos) play an important role in the immune system’s response releasing several inflammatory factors and contributing to allergic rhinitis, asthma, or atopic dermatitis. Since Eos have a relatively short lifetime after isolation from blood, usually eosinophilic cell line (EoL-1) is used to study mechanisms of their activation and to test therapies. In particular, EoL-1 cells are examined in terms of signalling pathways of the inflammatory response manifested by the presence of lipid bodies (LBs). Here we examined the differences in response to inflammation modelled by various factors, between isolated human eosinophils and EoL-1 cells, as manifested in the number and chemical composition of LBs. The analysis was performed using fluorescence, Raman, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy, which recognised the inflammatory process in the cells, but it is manifested slightly differently depending on the method used. We showed that unstimulated EoL-1 cells, compared to isolated eosinophils, contained more LBs, displayed different nucleus morphology and did not have eosinophilic peroxidase (EPO). In EoL-1 cells stimulated with various proinflammatory agents, including butyric acid (BA), liposaccharide (LPS), or cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α), an increased production of LBs with a various degree of lipid unsaturation was observed in spontaneous Raman spectra. Furthermore, stimulation of EoL-1 cells resulted in alterations of the LBs morphology. In conclusion, a level of lipid unsaturation and eosinophilic peroxidase as well as LBs distribution among cell population mainly accounted for the biochemistry of eosinophils upon inflammation.
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Sohn SI, Priya A, Balasubramaniam B, Muthuramalingam P, Sivasankar C, Selvaraj A, Valliammai A, Jothi R, Pandian S. Biomedical Applications and Bioavailability of Curcumin-An Updated Overview. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2102. [PMID: 34959384 PMCID: PMC8703330 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a yellow-colored molecule derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has been identified as the bioactive compound responsible for numerous pharmacological activities of turmeric, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, etc. Nevertheless, the clinical application of curcumin is inadequate due to its low solubility, poor absorption, rapid metabolism and elimination. Advancements in recent research have shown several components and techniques to increase the bioavailability of curcumin. Combining with adjuvants, encapsulating in carriers and formulating in nanoforms, in combination with other bioactive agents, synthetic derivatives and structural analogs of curcumin, have shown increased efficiency and bioavailability, thereby augmenting the range of applications of curcumin. The scope for incorporating biotechnology and nanotechnology in amending the current drawbacks would help in expanding the biomedical applications and clinical efficacy of curcumin. Therefore, in this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the plethora of therapeutic potentials of curcumin, their drawbacks in efficient clinical applications and the recent advancements in improving curcumin's bioavailability for effective use in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-In Sohn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Arumugam Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (A.P.); (P.M.); (R.J.)
| | | | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (A.P.); (P.M.); (R.J.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641062, India
| | - Chandran Sivasankar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India;
| | - Anthonymuthu Selvaraj
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Alaguvel Valliammai
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 84990, Israel;
| | - Ravi Jothi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (A.P.); (P.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Subramani Pandian
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
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13
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He H, Cao L, Wang Z, Wang Z, Miao J, Li XM, Miao M. Sinomenine Relieves Airway Remodeling By Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through Downregulating TGF-β1 and Smad3 Expression In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Immunol 2021; 12:736479. [PMID: 34804018 PMCID: PMC8602849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.736479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is associated with dysregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in patients with asthma. Sinomenine (Sin) is an effective, biologically active alkaloid that has been reported to suppress airway remodeling in mice with asthma. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this effect remain unclear. We aimed to explore the potential relationship between Sin and EMT in respiratory epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. First, 16HBE cells were exposed to 100 μg/mL LPS and treated with 200 μg/mL Sin. Cell proliferation, migration, and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate EMT, and EMT-related markers were detected using Western blotting. Mice with OVA-induced asthma were administered 35 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg Sin. Airway inflammation and remodeling detection experiments were performed, and EMT-related factors and proteins in the TGF-β1 pathway were detected using IHC and Western blotting. We found that Sin suppressed cell migration but not proliferation in LPS-exposed 16HBE cells. Sin also inhibited MMP7, MMP9, and vimentin expression in 16HBE cells and respiratory epithelial cells from mice with asthma. Furthermore, it decreased OVA-specific IgE and IL-4 levels in serum, relieved airway remodeling, attenuated subepithelial collagen deposition, and downregulating TGF-β1and Smad3 expression in mice with asthma. Our results suggest that Sin suppresses EMT by inhibiting IL-4 and downregulating TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Cao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Haj-Mirzaian A, Ramezanzadeh K, Shariatzadeh S, Tajik M, Khalafi F, Tafazolimoghadam A, Radmard M, Rahbar A, Pirri F, Kazemi K, Khosravi A, Shababi N, Dehpour AR. Role of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal-axis, toll-like receptors, and macrophage polarization in pre-atherosclerotic changes induced by social isolation stress in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19091. [PMID: 34580342 PMCID: PMC8476494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been well documented that chronic stress can induce atherosclerotic changes, however, the underlying mechanisms is yet to be established. In this regard, this study aimed to elucidate the relation between hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal-axis (HPA-axis), toll-like receptors (TLRs), as well as M1/M2 macrophage ratio and pre-atherosclerotic changes in social isolation stress (SIS) in mice. We used small interfering RNA against the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to evaluate the relation between HPA-axis and TLRs. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to SIS and RT-PCR, ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the relations between pre-atherosclerotic changes and TLRs, macrophage polarization, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules in aortic tissue. We used TAK-242 (0.3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), a selective antagonist of TLR4, as a possible prophylactic treatment for atherosclerotic changes induced by SIS. We observed that isolated animals had higher serum concentration of corticosterone and higher body weight in comparison to normal animals. In isolated animals, results of in vitro study showed that knocking-down of the GR in bone marrow-derived monocytes significantly decreased the expression of TLR4. In vivo study suggested higher expression of TLR4 on circulating monocytes and higher M1/M2 ratio in aortic samples. Pathological study showed a mild pre-atherosclerotic change in isolated animals. Finally, we observed that treating animals with TAK-242 could significantly inhibit the pre-atherosclerotic changes. SIS can possibly increase the risk of atherosclerosis through inducing abnormal HPA-axis activity and subsequently lead to TLR4 up-regulation, vascular inflammation, high M1/M2 ratio in intima. Thus, TLR4 inhibitors might be a novel treatment to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis induced by chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvin Haj-Mirzaian
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiana Ramezanzadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Tajik
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farima Khalafi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411600.2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Tafazolimoghadam
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahla Radmard
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Rahbar
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.412505.70000 0004 0612 5912Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fardad Pirri
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiarash Kazemi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayda Khosravi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Shababi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Wu S, Guo T, Qi W, Li Y, Gu J, Liu C, Sha Y, Yang B, Hu S, Zong X. Curcumin ameliorates ischemic stroke injury in rats by protecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:783. [PMID: 34055082 PMCID: PMC8145684 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for proper cerebral homeostasis and its dysfunction during ischemic stroke can result in significant neurological injury. The major goal of the present study was to identify whether curcumin pretreatment possessed protective effects on BBB integrity during the 24 h of acute ischemic brain injury. To investigate the protective effects of curcumin, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into multiple groups, including sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) vehicle and curcumin pretreated MCAO/R groups. The effects of curcumin were measured by analyzing neurological deficits, infarct size, BBB permeability and expression levels of permeability-related proteins in the brain. It was found that curcumin pretreatment significantly improved neurological scores, decreased infarct size, and protected synaptic remodeling of hippocampal neurons and upregulated the protein expression level of tight junction proteins, ZO-1, occludin and claudin-5 in ischemic rat brains. Furthermore, curcumin pretreatment before stroke was shown to downregulate the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MMP-9, which are central mediators of inflammation. The results from the present study indicated that curcumin pretreatment ameliorated ischemic stroke injury by protecting BBB integrity and synaptic remodeling, as well as inhibiting inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Wenxuan Qi
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Cui Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Sha
- Department of Emergency, First People's Hospital, Pizhou, Jiangsu 221300, P.R. China
| | - Baocheng Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Emergency Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Shuqun Hu
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Emergency Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Emergency Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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16
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Zarrin V, Moghadam ER, Hashemi F, Makvandi P, Samarghandian S, Khan H, Hashemi F, Najafi M, Mirzaei H. Toward Regulatory Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Across Different Diseases: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585413. [PMID: 33381035 PMCID: PMC7767860 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune response, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis are juts a few of cellular events that are regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in cells. A number of studies have documented that TGF-β undergoes abnormal expression in different diseases, e.g., diabetes, cancer, fibrosis, asthma, arthritis, among others. This has led to great fascination into this signaling pathway and developing agents with modulatory impact on TGF-β. Curcumin, a natural-based compound, is obtained from rhizome and roots of turmeric plant. It has a number of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes and so on. Noteworthy, it has been demonstrated that curcumin affects different molecular signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Nrf2, AMPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase and so on. In the present review, we evaluate the potential of curcumin in regulation of TGF-β signaling pathway to corelate it with therapeutic impacts of curcumin. By modulation of TGF-β (both upregulation and down-regulation), curcumin ameliorates fibrosis, neurological disorders, liver disease, diabetes and asthma. Besides, curcumin targets TGF-β signaling pathway which is capable of suppressing proliferation of tumor cells and invading cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Istanbul, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zarrin
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Haroon Khan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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17
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Photosensitizers attenuate LPS-induced inflammation: implications in dentistry and general health. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:913-926. [PMID: 33150475 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a complementary therapeutic modality for periodontal and endodontic diseases, in which Gram-negative bacteria are directly involved. Currently, there are few evidences regarding the effects of aPDT on bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and it would represent a major step forward in the clinical use of this therapy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different photosensitizers (PSs) used in aPDT in LPS inhibition. Four PSs were used in this study: methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue (TBO), new methylene blue (NMB), and curcumin (CUR). Different approaches to evaluate LPS interaction with PSs were used, such as spectrophotometry, Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, functional assays using mouse macrophages, and an in vivo model of LPS injection. Spectrophotometry showed that LPS decreased the absorbance of all PSs used, indicating interactions between the two species. LAL assay revealed significant differences in LPS concentrations upon pre-incubation with the different PSs. Interestingly, the inflammatory potential of LPS decreased after previous treatment with the four PSs, resulting in decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. In vivo, pre-incubating curcumin with LPS prevented animals from undergoing septic shock within the established time. Using relevant models to study the inflammatory activity of LPS, we found that all PSs used in this work decreased LPS-induced inflammation, with a more striking effect observed for NMB and curcumin. These data advance the understanding of the mechanisms of LPS inhibition by PSs.
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18
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Babaei F, Nassiri‐Asl M, Hosseinzadeh H. Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID-19. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5215-5227. [PMID: 33133525 PMCID: PMC7590269 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In late December 2019, the outbreak of respiratory illness emerged in Wuhan, China, and spreads worldwide. World Health Organization (WHO) named this disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a new member of beta coronaviruses. Several medications are prescribed to patients, and some clinical trials are underway. Scientists are trying to find a specific drug against this virus. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, and current treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Then, we describe the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin and its molecular mechanism against coronavirus-19. Curcumin, as an active constituent of Curcuma longa (turmeric), has been studied in several experimental and clinical trial studies. Curcumin has some useful clinical effects such as antiviral, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antifatigue effects that could be effective to manage the symptoms of the infected patient with COVID-19. It has several molecular mechanisms including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic properties with inhibitory effects on Toll-like receptors, NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and bradykinin. Scientific evidence suggests that curcumin could have a potential role to treat COVID-19. Thus, the use of curcumin in the clinical trial, as a new treatment option, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical BiochemistrySchool of Medicine, Student Research CommitteeShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Marjan Nassiri‐Asl
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology Research CenterSchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and ToxicologySchool of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Pharmaceutical Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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19
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Catestatin prevents endothelial inflammation and promotes thrombus resolution in acute pulmonary embolism in mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:221019. [PMID: 31682263 PMCID: PMC6879352 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (CTS), a catecholamine-release inhibitory peptide, exerts pleiotropic cardiac protective effects. Pulmonary embolism caused by deep vein thrombosis involving vascular dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate the effects of CTS on thrombus formation that may inhibit the development of pulmonary embolism and its potential pathway. Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) model was developed as an in vivo model. The effects of CTS on mice with APE were examined. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were pretreated with CTS before thrombin stimulation, and endothelial inflammation and underlying mechanisms were evaluated in vitro. That plasma CTS level was decreased in APE mice, while the number of platelets was significantly increased. The decreased circulating CTS level negatively associated with the number of platelets. CTS administration increased the survival rate of APE mice and protected against microvascular thrombosis in lung. APE-induced the increase in platelets number and plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) were inhibited by CTS. Platelets from CTS-treated APE mice showed impaired agonist-induced platelets aggregation and spreading. CTS also ameliorated APE-induced the systemic inflammatory response. In in vivo study, thrombin-induced the increase in inflammation, TLR-4 expression and p38 phosphorylation were abrogated by CTS in HPAECs. Furthermore, TLR-4 overexpression inhibited the effect of CTS on VWF release and inflammation in HPAECs. Collectively, CTS increases thrombus resolution by attenuating endothelial inflammation at partially via inhibiting TLR-4-p38 pathway. The present study may provide a novel approach for anti-thrombosis.
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20
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Tang L, Zhu L, Zhang W, Yang X, Chen Q, Meng Z, Liu J, Sun Y, Hu J, Ni Z, Wang X. Qi-Xian Decoction Upregulated E-cadherin Expression in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Ovalbumin-Challenged Mice by Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Extracellular-Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) Activation. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922003. [PMID: 32833955 PMCID: PMC7461650 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Loss of the epithelial barrier is characterized by a reduction in E-cadherin expression and is a hallmark of asthma. Qi-xian decoction (QXT) is a Chinese medicinal formula that has been used to effectively treat asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of QXT on E-cadherin expression in human lung epithelial 16HBE cells and ovalbumin-challenged mice and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Material/Methods Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mice were used as a model of asthma. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were utilized to examine mRNA and protein levels. Lung tissue reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated using dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based analyses. 16HBE cells were utilized to explore the effect of QXT or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the expression of E-cadherin in vitro. Results We found that QXT treatment increased E-cadherin expression and decreased extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels in the lung tissues of OVA-challenged mice. QXT also downregulated ROS levels and increased serum SOD and TAOC levels in OVA-challenged mice. In vitro studies demonstrated that increased ROS generation induced by H2O2 resulted in decreased E-cadherin expression levels in 16HBE cells, which was attenuated by inhibition of ERK signaling. Moreover, the H2O2-induced downregulation of E-cadherin expression, increased ROS generation, and ERK activation in 16HBE cells were restored by treatment with QXT water or ethanol extract. Conclusions These data demonstrate that one mechanism by which QXT protects against asthma is to restore E-cadherin expression in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting ROS-mediated ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Linyun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Qingge Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Ziyu Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jinjin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yipeng Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Junsheng Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiongbiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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21
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zuo X, Pan H, Gu Y, Yuan Y, Wang G, Wang S, Zheng R, Liu Z, Wang F, Zheng J. The role of NTHi colonization and infection in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma. Respir Res 2020; 21:170. [PMID: 32620122 PMCID: PMC7333292 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease. The neutrophilic subtypes of asthma are described as persistent, more severe and corticosteroid-resistant, with higher hospitalization and mortality rates, which seriously affect the lives of asthmatic patients. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, an increasing amount of evidence has shown that lower airway microbiome dysbiosis contributes to the exacerbation of asthma, especially neutrophilic asthma. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is normally found in the upper respiratory tract of healthy adults and is one of the most common strains in the lower respiratory tract of neutrophilic asthma patients, in whom its presence is related to the occurrence of corticosteroid resistance. To understand the pathogenic mechanism by which nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae colonization leads to the progression of neutrophilic asthma, we reviewed the previous literature on nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae colonization and subsequent aggravation of neutrophilic asthma and corticosteroid resistance. We discussed nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae as a potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xu Zuo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - He Pan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yinuo Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuze Yuan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shiji Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruipeng Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Interventional Therapy, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Liu J, Shang B, Bai J. IL-22/IL-22R1 promotes proliferation and collagen synthesis of MRC-5 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway and regulates airway subepithelial fibrosis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2148-2156. [PMID: 32765690 PMCID: PMC7401847 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in children poses a threat to their health, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated the mechanism by which the interleukin (IL)-22/IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1) signaling pathway regulates subepithelial fibrosis in children with asthma. A total of 41 children with asthma and 12 healthy children were included in the present study. ELISA was performed to measure the content of IL-22 in peripheral blood. Serum from children with asthma was used to incubate MRC-5 cells and IL-22 antibody rescued the effect of IL-22 on the biological functions of MRC-5 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to determine IL-22R1 mRNA expression levels and western blotting was performed to measure IL-22R1 protein expression. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to analyze cell proliferation and flow cytometry was performed to assess the cell cycle distribution of MRC-5 cells. The expression of IL-22 was elevated in peripheral blood from children with asthma, which promoted the proliferation of MRC-5 cells, possibly via the upregulation of collagen type I α1 chain (COL1α1) and collagen type I α2 chain (COL1α2). IL-22 exerted its biological functions via IL-22R1. The IL-22/IL-22R1 signaling pathway regulated the proliferation of MRC-5 cells and the expression of COL1α1 and COL1α2 in MRC-5 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mononuclear lymphocytes from children with asthma stimulated the proliferation and secretory function of fibroblasts by secreting IL-22. The present study suggested that IL-22 expression in peripheral blood of children with asthma is upregulated compared with the control group. Furthermore, the present study indicated that the IL-22/IL-22R1 signaling pathway promoted MRC-5 cell proliferation and collagen synthesis by activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby potentially regulating airway subepithelial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Biao Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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23
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Lin CY, Yao CA. Potential Role of Nrf2 Activators with Dual Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Properties in the Management of Viral Pneumonia. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:1735-1741. [PMID: 32606823 PMCID: PMC7295331 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s256773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has already caused a huge burden to the global healthcare system, with the death toll reached tens of thousands. Although some antiviral agents were identified and used to inhibit viral replication, the management of cytokine storm is also a critical issue. In this article, we reviewed the literature on drug candidates for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-1) and provided a brief overview of a class of drugs that exert antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. These molecules mitigated inflammatory cytokine cascades induced by viral infections via Nrf2 activating capacity and might have additional anti-fibrotic and anti-remodeling properties. Besides, their effects on the regulation of scavenger receptors expression by macrophages may offer some benefits to the pulmonary antibacterial defense system after viral infection. The potential roles of these agents assessed on the basis of the pathophysiology of viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome were also discussed. Further research is needed to ascertain whether Nrf2 activators are useful in the management of viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Kumar SS, Hira K, Begum Ahil S, Kulkarni OP, Araya H, Fujimoto Y. New synthetic coumarinolignans as attenuators of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced sepsis and carrageenan-induced paw oedema models. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1365-1373. [PMID: 32356087 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to explore the inhibition efficacy of new synthetic coumarinolignans (SCLs) against the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in two in vivo models of inflammation. METHODS Four SCLs 1-4 were screened for their pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitory potential through oral administration at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse endotoxaemia and carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema models. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6) in blood and paw tissue samples were estimated using ELISA. Paw oedema was measured using a plethysmometer. Results were compared with a natural coumarinolignan, cleomiscosin A (5), and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) was interpreted. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Compound 2 had the greatest potential in the endotoxaemia model, exhibiting 66.41%, 62.56% and 43.15% inhibition of plasma IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 secretions, respectively. Further dose-dependent study revealed its anti-inflammatory potential even at dose of 10 mg/kg body weight with 24.42% decline in the level of IL-1β. Nevertheless, SCLs 1, 3 and 4 showed marked inhibitory activity with 57.54%, 51.48% and 62.46% reduction in the levels of IL-1β, respectively. Moreover, compound 2 decreased the plasma TNFα and IL-1β levels to 50.03% and 36.58% along with the reduction of paw oedema volume in the local inflammation induced by carrageenan. All compounds including cleomiscosin A (5) were more effective against IL-1β. By studying SAR, the presence of dihydroxyl groups in the phenyl ring of lignans was identified to be essential for the activity. Also, esterification of lignans and presence of a 4-methyl substituent in the coumarin nucleus were found to play some role in enhancing the activity. CONCLUSION All four SCLs, especially compound 2, have shown vast potential to emerge out as promising anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh S Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 078, India
| | - Kirti Hira
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 078, India
| | - Sajeli Begum Ahil
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 078, India.
| | - Onkar P Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 078, India
| | - Hiroshi Araya
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujimoto
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
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25
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Karthikeyan A, Senthil N, Min T. Nanocurcumin: A Promising Candidate for Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:487. [PMID: 32425772 PMCID: PMC7206872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa is an important medicinal plant and a spice in Asia. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a hydrophobic bioactive ingredient found in a rhizome of the C. longa. It has drawn immense attention in recent years for its variety of biological and pharmacological action. However, its low water solubility, poor bioavailability, and rapid metabolism represent major drawbacks for its successful therapeutic applications. Hence, researchers have attempted to enhance the biological and pharmacological activity of curcumin and overcome its drawbacks by efficient delivery systems, particularly nanoencapsulation. Research efforts so far and data from the available literature have shown a satisfactory potential of nanorange formulations of curcumin (Nanocurcumin), it increases all the biological and pharmacological benefits of curcumin, which was not significantly possible earlier. For the synthesis of nanocurcumin, an array of techniques has been developed and each technique has its own advantages and individual characteristics. The two most popular and effective techniques are ionic gelation and antisolvent precipitation. So far, many curcumin nanoformulations have been developed to enhance curcumin delivery, thereby overcoming the low therapeutic effects. However, most of the nanoformulation of curcumin remained at the concept level evidence, thus, several questions and challenges still exist to recommend the nanocurcumin as a promising candidate for therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss the different curcumin nanoformulation and nanocurcumin implications for different therapeutic applications as well as the status of ongoing clinical trials and patents. We also discuss the research gap and future research directions needed to propose curcumin as a promising therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Natesan Senthil
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Taesun Min
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI) and Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA), Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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26
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Zhu X, Qiu J, Zhang T, Yang Y, Guo S, Li T, Jiang K, Zahoor A, Deng G, Qiu C. MicroRNA-188-5p promotes apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation of breast cancer cells via the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting Rap2c. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2389-2402. [PMID: 31541458 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignancy that is highly lethal with poor survival rates and immature therapeutics that urgently needs more effective and efficient therapies. MicroRNAs are intrinsically involved in different cancer remedies, but their mechanism in breast cancer has not been elucidated for prospective treatment. The function and mechanism of microRNA-188-5p (miR-188) have not been thoroughly investigated in breast cancer. In our study, we found that the expression of miR-188 in breast cancer tissues was obviously reduced. Our findings also revealed the abnormal overexpression of miR-188 in 4T1 and MCF-7 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration and also enhanced apoptosis. miR-188 induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. To illuminate the molecular mechanism of miR-188, Rap2c was screened as a single target gene by bioinformatics database analysis and was further confirmed by dual-luciferase assay. Moreover, Rap2c was found to be a vital molecular switch for the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in tumor progression by decreasing apoptosis and promoting proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our results revealed that miR-188 is a cancer progression suppressor and a promising future target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxia Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangfeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Arshad Zahoor
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changwei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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27
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Yin Y, Guo R, Shao Y, Ge M, Miao C, Cao L, Yang Y, Hu L. Pretreatment with resveratrol ameliorate trigeminal neuralgia by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9/2 in trigeminal ganglion. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:339-347. [PMID: 31009895 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common type of neuropathic pain whereas the underlying pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. Recent study suggests that the development of neuroinflammation is responsible for generating and sustaining neuropathic pain. The purpose of our study was to investigate the protective effect of intervening the inflammation in early stages of pain and explore its potential mechanism. MMP-9 and MMP-2 are vital proinflammatory participants and accumulating evidence indicates that they are involved in the early development of neuropathic pain. In this study, we found that MMP-9/2 showed different temporal up regulation in trigeminal ganglion (TG) significantly after chronic constriction injury (CCI) surgery. However, the activation of MMP-9/2 were suppressed by the pretreatment with resveratrol, which delayed and attenuated CCI-induced mechanical allodynia simultaneously. Besides, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α as well as the excessive neuronal activity induced by CCI were suppressed by resveratrol. Moreover, we believed that the inhibition of MMP-9/2 activation and pain sensitization may be related to the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which might be negatively regulated by the induction of SOCS3. In conclusion, pretreatment with resveratrol could be an effective approach to alleviate trigeminal neuralgia in early stages via a powerful inhibition on the activation of MMP-9/2 in TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mixue Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Miao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Liang Hu
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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