1
|
Vance A, McGaw J, O'Meara A, Gone JP, Eades S. Exploring the association of Indigeneity, social adversity status and externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2024:48674241246441. [PMID: 38642027 DOI: 10.1177/00048674241246441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between Indigeneity, social adversity status and externalizing symptoms is complex and unclear. This study investigates how Indigeneity, social adversity status and externalizing symptoms are related in young people. METHODS A total of 132 Indigenous and 247 non-Indigenous young people aged 6-16 years were recruited from a hospital mental health outpatient service. Normality plots with statistics for social adversity status and parent-reported externalizing symptoms were completed for the two groups, matched for age, gender, mental disorder symptom severity, symptom-linked distress and impairment. Standard multiple regression was used to examine how Indigeneity moderates the relationship between social adversity status and parent-reported externalizing symptoms. A scatterplot investigated the association between Indigeneity and social adversity status in young people with parent-reported externalizing symptoms. RESULTS The distributions of the two groups and (1) social adversity status and (2) parent -reported externalizing symptoms were non-normal but acceptable for a moderator analysis. Indigeneity and social adversity status made independent significant positive contributions to externalizing symptoms. In contrast the interaction between Indigeneity and social adversity status made a nonsignificant negative trend to externalizing symptoms. A scatterplot revealed Indigeneity moderated the link between social adversity status and externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSIONS High social adversity status is linked to externalizing symptoms in non-Indigenous young people but despite higher social adversity, Indigenous young people don't necessarily externalize. Potential protective resilience factors for externalizing symptoms in the Indigenous young people need to be ascertained and nurtured. Future systematic investigations of the contribution of these protective factors to Indigenous referral pathways and management are needed. It is also crucial that increased social adversity status is addressed and managed in all young people, regardless of Indigeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair Vance
- Academic Child Psychiatry Unit and Developmental Neuropsychiatry Program, The Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Wadja Aboriginal Family Place, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Janet McGaw
- Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Angel O'Meara
- Wadja Aboriginal Family Place, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph P Gone
- Department of Anthropology and Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sandra Eades
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ayano G, Abraha M, Tsegay L, Gizachew Y. Umbrella Review of the Global Prevalence of Conduct Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Psychiatr Q 2024; 95:173-183. [PMID: 37962781 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-increasing prevalence of mental health issues worldwide, a robust synthesis of existing epidemiological data on the prevalence of Conduct disorder (CD) in children and adolescents is needed to strengthen the knowledge base. This quantitative umbrella review aims to provide a robust synthesis of evidence on the prevalence of CD children and adolescents from meta-analytic systematic reviews. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, PsychINFO, and Scopus to identify relevant articles. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023447620). The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated by using a Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). Invariance variance weighted random-effect meta-analysis was performed to pool prevalence estimates from the included articles. Seven meta-analyses, encompassing 138 primary studies and slightly over 48 million CD cases were included in this umbrella review. The quantitative analysis of these studies found a pooled prevalence of CD 3.0% (95%CI 2.0-5%) in children and adolescents, based on random effect meta-analyses. In a stratified analysis, the prevalence estimate of CD was 2.6 times higher in boys compared to girls. Evidence from our quantitative umbrella review showed that the prevalence of CD is relatively high in children and adolescents with boys 2.6 times more likely to experience the disorders when compared to girls. Our findings underlie that attention should be given to preventing, identifying, and treating CD in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Getinet Ayano
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Mebratu Abraha
- Research Directorate Office and Nursing Education Department, SaintPaulo's Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Altwaijri Y, Kazdin AE, Al-Subaie A, Al-Habeeb A, Hyder S, Bilal L, Naseem MT, De Vol E. Lifetime prevalence and treatment of mental disorders in Saudi youth and adolescents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6186. [PMID: 37061556 PMCID: PMC10105730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous global and regional studies indicate that adolescents and young adults (i.e., youth) are affected by various mental disorders with lifelong consequences. However, there are no national estimates of mental disorders prevalent among Saudi youth. Using data from the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS), we examined the lifetime prevalence, treatment, and socio-demographic correlates of mental disorders among Saudi youth (aged 15-30). A total of 4004 interviews were conducted using the adapted Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Cross tabulations and logistic regression were used to generate estimates for the SNMHS youth sample (n = 1881). The prevalence of a mental disorder among Saudi youth was 40.10%, where anxiety disorders affected 26.84% of the sample, followed by disruptive behavior disorders (15.44%), mood disorders (9.67%), substance use disorders (4%) and eating disorders (7.06%). Sex, education, parental education, income, marital status, region, and family history of disorders were significant correlates of various classes of mental disorders. Only 14.47% of Saudi youth with any mental disorder received treatment for a lifetime disorder. Age, parental education, and family history of disorders emerged as significant correlates of mental health treatment. Lifetime mental disorders are highly prevalent among Saudi youth. There is an unmet need for culturally sensitive and age-appropriate treatment of lifetime mental disorders among youth in Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Altwaijri
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC 03, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alan E Kazdin
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Abdullah Al-Subaie
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Edrak Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhameed Al-Habeeb
- National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Hyder
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Meaningful Dialogue (HAMD) Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lisa Bilal
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC 03, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Talal Naseem
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC 03, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward De Vol
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, MBC 03, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdolalizadeh A, Moradi K, Dabbagh Ohadi MA, Mirfazeli FS, Rajimehr R. Larger left hippocampal presubiculum is associated with lower risk of antisocial behavior in healthy adults with childhood conduct history. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6148. [PMID: 37061611 PMCID: PMC10105780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Conduct Disorder (CD) is defined as aggressive, antisocial, and rule-breaking behavior during childhood. It is a major risk factor for developing antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in adulthood. However, nearly half the CDs do not develop ASPD. Identification of reversion factors seems crucial for proper interventions. We identified 40 subjects with childhood history of CD (CC) and 1166 control subjects (HC) from Human Connectome Project. Their psychiatric, emotional, impulsivity, and personality traits were extracted. An emotion recognition task-fMRI analysis was done. We also did subregion analysis of hippocampus and amygdala in 35 CC and 69 demographically matched HCs. CC subjects scored significantly higher in antisocial-related evaluations. No differences in task-fMRI activation of amygdala and hippocampus were observed. CCs had larger subfields of the left hippocampus: presubiculum, CA3, CA4, and dentate gyrus. Further, an interaction model revealed a significant presubiculum volume × group association with antisocial, aggression, and agreeableness scores. Our study shows that healthy young adults with a prior history of CD still exhibit some forms of antisocial-like behavior with larger left hippocampal subfields, including presubiculum that also explains the variability in antisocial behavior. These larger left hippocampal subfield volumes may play a protective role against CD to ASPD conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AmirHussein Abdolalizadeh
- Biological Psychology, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Moradi
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mirfazeli
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Rajimehr
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rajkumar RP. Antipsychotics in the Management of Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents: An Update and Critical Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2818. [PMID: 36359338 PMCID: PMC9687560 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) in childhood include conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Though psychological therapies are considered to be the first-line treatment for DBDs, many patients require adjunctive pharmacotherapy for the control of specific symptoms, such as aggression. Three prior systematic reviews have examined the evidence for the use of antipsychotics in DBDs and have concluded that their efficacy is marginal and limited by adverse effects. This paper has two objectives: (i) to summarize the findings of existing systematic reviews of antipsychotics for the management of DBDs in children and adolescents (2012-2017), and (ii) to provide an update to these reviews by examining recent clinical trials of antipsychotics in this population, published in the period from 2 January 2017 to 10 October 2022. The PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant citations using the search terms "disruptive behaviour disorder", "oppositional defiant disorder", "conduct disorder" and their variants, along with "antipsychotic", "atypical antipsychotic" and the generic names of all currently approved atypical antipsychotics. Six relevant trials were identified during this period, including five randomized controlled trials and one naturalistic open-label trial. These trials were critically evaluated in terms of outcome measures, efficacy and safety. Overall, the data from these trials suggests that of all available antipsychotics, risperidone appears to be effective in the short-term management of DBDs. All available antipsychotics are associated with significant metabolic adverse effects in this population. These results are discussed in the light of global trends towards increasing off-label prescription of antipsychotic medication in children and adolescents and of recent literature on the neuropharmacology of aggression in this patient population. The need for rational, short-term use of these drugs is highlighted, as well as the importance of post-marketing surveillance for long-term or severe adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Philip Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605 006, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ayano G, Lin A, Betts K, Tait R, Dachew BA, Alati R. Risk of conduct and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in offspring of parents with mental health problems: Findings from the Raine Study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:53-59. [PMID: 33831677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data indicate that paternal and maternal mental health difficulties are predictors of conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in offspring. We tested the association between maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms and paternal emotional problems with CD and ODD symptoms in adolescent offspring aged 17. METHODS Data was from the Raine Study, a birth cohort study based in Western Australia. Offspring CD and ODD symptoms at age 17 years were measured using the DSM-oriented scales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) was used to assess maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms, and a self-reported questionnaire measured paternal emotional problems when the offspring was 10 years. Negative binomial regression model was used to explore associations. RESULTS Adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found an increased risk of CD symptoms in the offspring of mothers with anxiety [RR = 1.76 (95%CI; 1.08-2.86)], depressive [RR = 1.40 (95%CI; 1.01-1.95)], and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms [RR = 2.24 (95%CI 1.35-3.72)]. We also found an increased risk of ODD symptoms in offspring of mothers with depressive [RR = 1.24 (95%CI 1.02-1.52)], but not anxiety symptoms [RR = 1.23 (95%CI 0.92-1.67)]. No associations were seen with paternal emotional problems. CONCLUSION Our study showed that adolescents whose mothers reported anxiety, depressive, and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms had a higher risk of CD and ODD symptoms at age 17. The findings have implications for preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Getinet Ayano
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Kim Betts
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Robert Tait
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | | | - Rosa Alati
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Institute of Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dysfunctional mesocortical dopamine circuit at pre-adolescence is associated to aggressive behavior in MAO-A hypomorphic mice exposed to early life stress. Neuropharmacology 2019; 159:107517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
8
|
Preliminary Validation of the Parental Help-Seeking Stage of Change Measure for Child Behavior Problems. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-019-09525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
9
|
Li Y, Roslan SB, Ahmad NAB, Omar ZB, Zhang L. Effectiveness of group interpersonal psychotherapy for decreasing aggression and increasing social support among Chinese university students: A randomized controlled study. J Affect Disord 2019; 251:274-279. [PMID: 30953892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this randomized controlled experimental study was to determine the intervention effect of group interpersonal psychotherapy (G-IPT) for aggression and social support among Chinese first-grade university students. METHODS Through stratified random sampling, 1469 students, aged 18-19 years, were enrolled. Participants whose score achieved the aggressive evaluation standard were selected and then 60 participants were randomly divided into 2 groups: G-IPT and control. The participants in the G-IPT group received 16 sessions of treatment, whereas the participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. All participants completed the assessment three times: before, after, and tracking. RESULTS The results showed that the total score and the scores of all subscales of aggression dropped significantly (P < 0.01). Also, the total score and the scores of objective support and utilization degree of social support increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION G-IPT was effective in treating aggression and improving social support level, and the effect was stable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China.
| | - Samsilah Bt Roslan
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | - Zoharah Binti Omar
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Linyu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adult outcomes of childhood disruptive disorders in offspring of depressed and healthy parents. J Affect Disord 2019; 244:107-112. [PMID: 30340098 PMCID: PMC6434691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal studies of children with disruptive disorders (DDs) have shown high rates of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and substance use in adulthood, but few have examined the contribution of parental disorders. We examine child-/adulthood outcomes of DDs in offspring, whose biological parents did not have a history of ASPD, bipolar disorder, or substance use disorders. METHOD Offspring (N = 267) of parents with or without major depression (MDD), but no ASPD or bipolar disorders were followed longitudinally over 33 years, and associations between DDs and psychiatric and functional outcomes were tested. RESULTS Eighty-nine (33%) offspring had a DD. Those with, compared to without DDs, had higher rates of MDD (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 3.42, p < 0.0001), bipolar disorder (AOR = 3.10, p = 0.03), and substance use disorders (AOR = 5.69, p < 0.0001) by age 18, as well as poorer school performance and global functioning. DDs continued to predict MDD and substance use outcomes in adulthood, even after accounting for presence of the corresponding disorder in childhood (MDD: hazards ratio, HR = 3.25, p < 0.0001; SUD, HR = 2.52, p < 0.0001). Associations were similar among the offspring of parents with and without major depression. DDs did not predict adulthood ASPD in either group. LIMITATIONS Associations are largely accounted for by conduct disorder (CD), as there were few offspring with ADHD, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) was not diagnosed at the time this study began. CONCLUSION If there is no familial risk for ASPD, bipolar disorder or substance use, childhood DDs do not lead to ASPD in adulthood; however, the children still have poorer prognosis into midlife. Early treatment of children with DD, particularly CD, while carefully considering familial risk for these disorders, may help mitigate later adversity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Collins A, Muñoz-Solomando A. The transition from child and adolescent to adult mental health services with a focus on diagnosis progression. BJPsych Bull 2018; 42:188-192. [PMID: 29925438 PMCID: PMC6189989 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2018.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and methodThis article examines mental health disorders as individuals transition from adolescence to adulthood. Data were collected from clinical records of patients who had transitioned from child and adolescent mental health services to adult mental health services in a region in South Wales. Demographics and clinical diagnoses under both services were recorded. Patterns between adolescent and adult disorders as well as comorbidities were investigated using Pearson's χ2-test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Of the 98 patients that transitioned from one service to the other, 74 had changes to their diagnoses. There were 164 total changes to diagnoses, with patients no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for 64 disorders and 100 new disorders being diagnosed. Comorbidity increased in adulthood.Clinical implicationsDiagnoses can evolve, particularly during adolescence and early adulthood. Therefore regular reassessment is paramount for successful treatment.Declaration of interestNone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Collins
- Tonteg Child and Family Clinic, Cwm Taf University Health Board, Pontypridd, Wales
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Associations between a history of traumatic brain injuries and conduct disorder during youth in a population sample of Canadian adults. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:184-188. [PMID: 28867408 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the association between history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and childhood symptoms of conduct disorder (CD). Data were based on telephone interviews with 6048 respondents derived from the 2011-2013 cycles of a representative cross-sectional survey of adults aged 18+ years in Ontario, Canada. TBI was defined as loss of consciousness for at least 5min or overnight hospitalization due to injury symptoms. Symptoms of CD before 15 years of age were assessed using five items based on the DSM-IV. Adults who reported a history of TBI reported odds 3 times higher for possible CD before 15 years of age. Odds remained significant even when age, sex, marital status, income, and education were statistically controlled. The nature of this data precludes determining if TBI occurred before or following CD symptoms. Nonetheless, the co-occurrence of a history of TBI with symptoms of CD supports the recommendation that practitioners be vigilant in assessing the history of both CD and TBI when diagnosing and treating one of these conditions. These findings do not exclude the possibility that TBI during childhood or youth may be interfering with brain development and could co-occur with conduct behaviors in both the short and long term.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fuchs M, Kemmler G, Steiner H, Marksteiner J, Haring C, Miller C, Hausmann A, Sevecke K. Child and adolescent psychiatry patients coming of age: a retrospective longitudinal study of inpatient treatment in Tyrol. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:225. [PMID: 27391233 PMCID: PMC4938986 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness is a common phenomenon at all ages. Various independent studies have shown that psychopathology is often expressed on a continuum from youth to adulthood. The aim of our study was to demonstrate a) the frequency of admission of former child and adolescent psychiatry inpatients (CAP-IP) to adult inpatient mental health facilities, and b) a potential longitudinal diagnostic shift. This is the first Austrian study designed to shed light on these issues. METHODS Nearly 1000 inpatient cases at a specialized child and adolescent care center were analyzed. These cases were then tracked using data matching with registry data from adult psychiatric institutions. Overall, our observational period was 23 years. RESULTS 26 % of our sample of former CAP-IP used psychiatric inpatient mental health services as adults, thus indicating chronicity or reoccurrence. In line with previous literature, there were patients who stayed in the same diagnostic category as well as patients with a diagnostic shift from childhood to adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Childhood and adolescence is a very important period for early intervention and prevention of mental illness. Our findings support the notion of the continuity of psychopathology from youth into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fuchs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Christoph Probst Platz, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Georg Kemmler
- Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hans Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101 USA
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry, LKH Hall, Milser Str. 10, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Christian Haring
- Department of Psychiatry, LKH Hall, Milser Str. 10, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Carl Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kufstein, Endach 27, 6330 Kufstein, Austria
| | - Armand Hausmann
- Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Sevecke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Christoph Probst Platz, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nishida A, Richards M, Stafford M. Prospective associations between adolescent mental health problems and positive mental wellbeing in early old age. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2016; 10:12. [PMID: 27279898 PMCID: PMC4897942 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-016-0099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems in adolescence are predictive of future mental distress and psychopathology; however, few studies investigated adolescent mental health problems in relation to future mental wellbeing and none with follow-up to older age. AIMS To test prospective associations between adolescent mental health problems and mental wellbeing and life satisfaction in early old age. METHODS A total of 1561 men and women were drawn from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (the British 1946 birth cohort). Teachers had previously completed rating scales to assess emotional adjustment and behaviours, which allowed us to extract factors of mental health problems measuring self-organisation, behavioural problems, and emotional problems during adolescence. Between the ages of 60-64 years, mental wellbeing was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and life satisfaction was self-reported using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). RESULTS After controlling for gender, social class of origin, childhood cognitive ability, and educational attainment, adolescent emotional problems were independently inversely associated with mental wellbeing and with life satisfaction. Symptoms of anxiety/depression at 60-64 years explained the association with life satisfaction but not with mental wellbeing. Associations between adolescent self-organisation and conduct problems and mental wellbeing and life satisfaction were of negligible magnitude, but higher childhood cognitive ability significantly predicted poor life satisfaction in early old age. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent self-organisation and conduct problems may not be predictive of future mental wellbeing and life satisfaction. Adolescent emotional problems may be inversely associated with future wellbeing, and may be associated with lower levels of future life satisfaction through symptoms of anxiety/depression in early old age. Initiatives to prevent and treat emotional problems in adolescence may have long-term benefits which extend into older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nishida
- />Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa 2-1-6, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Marcus Richards
- />MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU UK
| | - Mai Stafford
- />MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wickens CM, Vingilis E, Mann RE, Erickson P, Toplak ME, Kolla NJ, Seeley J, Ialomiteanu AR, Stoduto G, Ilie G. The impact of childhood symptoms of conduct disorder on driver aggression in adulthood. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2015; 78:87-93. [PMID: 25747339 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite limited empirical investigation, existing scientific literature suggests that individuals with a history or current diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD) may be more likely to demonstrate reckless and aggressive driving. Much of the limited research in this field examines the impact of childhood CD on driver behaviour and collision risk in young adults. Few if any, studies assess the impact of this disorder on driver behaviour beyond age 21 years. The current research is a population-based study of the impact of CD symptoms during childhood on the risk of engaging in driver aggression during adulthood. METHODS Data are based on telephone interviews with 5230 respondents who reported having driven in the past year. Data are derived from the 2011-2013 cycles of the CAMH Monitor, an ongoing cross-sectional survey of adults in Ontario, Canada aged 18 years and older. A binary logistic regression analysis of self-reported driver aggression in the previous 12 months was conducted, consisting of measures of demographic characteristics, driving exposure, problem substance use, alcohol- and drug-impaired driving, symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and childhood (before age 15) symptoms of CD. RESULTS When entered with demographic characteristics, driving exposure, and other potential confounders, childhood symptoms of CD increased the odds of reporting driver aggression more than two-fold (adjusted OR=2.12). Exploratory analyses of the interaction between childhood symptoms of CD and age was not a significant predictor of driver aggression. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that symptoms of CD during childhood are associated with significantly increased odds of self-reported driver aggression during adulthood. Limitations and future directions of the research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Wickens
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Evelyn Vingilis
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert E Mann
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Erickson
- Centre for Criminology and Sociolegal Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maggie E Toplak
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan J Kolla
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Seeley
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Gina Stoduto
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabriela Ilie
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nishida A, Xu KM, Croudace T, Jones PB, Barnett J, Richards M. Adolescent self-control predicts midlife hallucinatory experiences: 40-year follow-up of a national birth cohort. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40:1543-51. [PMID: 24714378 PMCID: PMC4193720 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between self-control in adolescence and adult mental health are unclear in the general population; to our knowledge, no study has investigated self-control in relation to psychotic-like symptoms. AIMS To investigate the relationship between adolescent self-control and the midlife mental health outcomes of anxiety and depression symptoms and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), controlling for the effect of adolescent conduct and emotional problems and for parental occupational social class and childhood cognition. METHODS A population-based sample, the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (the British 1946 birth cohort) was contacted 23 times between ages 6 weeks and 53 years. Teachers completed rating scales to assess emotional adjustment and behaviors, from which factors measuring self-control, behavioral, and emotional problems were extracted. At age 53 years, PLEs were self-reported by 2918 participants using 4 items from the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire; symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). RESULTS After adjustment for the above covariates, poor adolescent self-control was associated with the presence of PLEs in adulthood, specifically hallucinatory experiences at age 53 years, even after adjustment for GHQ-28 scores. CONCLUSIONS Lower self-control in adolescence is a risk factor for hallucinatory experiences in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK;
| | - Kate Man Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Croudace
- Department of Health Sciences and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Peter B. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;,CAMEO, Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenifer Barnett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;,Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Steinhausen HC. Was wird aus Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Störungen? ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2013; 41:419-31. [DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Die Erforschung der Langzeiteffekte von psychischen Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Entwicklungspsychopathologie. Nach einer kurzen Skizze der relevanten Begriffe, die in der Verlaufsforschung bedeutsam sind, werden in einem ersten Teil Ergebnisse zum Verlauf heterotyper (diagnostisch heterogener) klinischer Kohortenstudien dargestellt. Im umfangreicheren zweiten Teil werden die Befunde aus Langzeituntersuchungen an homotypen (homogenen) Diagnosegruppen zusammengefasst. Im Einzelnen werden Langzeitbefunde zum Verlauf und zur Prognose von ADHS, Angststörungen, Depression, Störungen des Sozialverhaltens, Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen, Schizophrenie und selektivem Mutismus referiert. Die Befunde stellen in erster Linie eine Bestätigung der Vulnerabilitätshypothese dar, welche in früh manifesten Störungen des Kindes- und Jugendalters häufig die Vorläufer von psychischen Störungen im Erwachsenenalter sieht. Die Diskussion fokussiert auf den Stellenwert früh beginnender Störungen im Rahmen der allgemeinen psychischen Morbidität sowie den noch nicht befriedigend erkennbaren Stellenwert von Interventionen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
- Forschungseinheit für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychiatrisches Krankenhaus Aalborg, Universitätskrankenhaus Aalborg, Dänemark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Singh MK, Chang KD. The Neural Effects of Psychotropic Medications in Children and Adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2012; 21:753-71. [PMID: 23040900 PMCID: PMC3590023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the neurobiological effects of psychotropic medications used in the treatment of children and adolescents diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. This review provides a synopsis of the literature demonstrating the neural effects associated with exposure to psychotropic medication in youth using multimodal neuroimaging. The article concludes by illustrating how, taken together, these studies suggest that pharmacological interventions during childhood do indeed affect brain structure and function in a detectable manner, and the effects appear to be ameliorative.
Collapse
|
19
|
van der Molen E, Hipwell AE, Vermeiren R, Loeber R. Cumulative effects of mothers' risk and promotive factors on daughters' disruptive behavior. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2012; 40:727-39. [PMID: 22127641 PMCID: PMC3357485 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-011-9595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the ways in which the accumulation of maternal factors increases or reduces risk for girls' disruptive behavior during preadolescence. In the current study, maternal risk and promotive factors and the severity of girls' disruptive behavior were assessed annually among girls' ages 7-12 in an urban community sample (N = 2043). Maternal risk and promotive factors were operative at different time points in girls' development. Maternal warmth explained variance in girls' disruptive behavior, even after controlling for maternal risk factors and relevant child and neighborhood factors. In addition, findings supported the cumulative hypothesis that the number of risk factors increased the chance on girls' disruptive behavior disorder (DBD), while the number of promotive factors decreased this probability. Daughters of mothers with a history of Conduct Disorder (CD) were exposed to more risk factors and fewer promotive factors compared to daughters of mothers without prior CD. The identification of malleable maternal factors that can serve as targets for intervention has important implications for intergenerational intervention. Cumulative effects show that the focus of prevention efforts should not be on single factors, but on multiple factors associated with girls' disruptive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa van der Molen
- Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|