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Turner AJ, Chander H, Kodithuwakku Arachchige SNK, Griffith A, Chen PL, Chen CC(JJ, Knight AC, Bates-Brantley K, Stratton-Gadke K, Smith JC. The Effects of an Inclusive Badminton Program on Static Postural Control for Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:210. [PMID: 38397699 PMCID: PMC10887706 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine static postural control/balance in young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and typically developing (TD) young adults before, during, and after an inclusive badminton intervention. Eight participants (four IDD-BADM and four TD-BADM) participated in a 12-week inclusive badminton intervention, with the other eight participants as matched controls (four IDD-CONTR and four TD-CONTR) (74.19 kg ± 9.8 kg, 171.96 cm ± 5.4 cm; 21.7 ± 1.8 years of age; nine females and seven males; eight with IDD and eight TD). The study followed a repeated measures design (pre, mid, post) before the intervention, at 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks. Static postural sway conditions included: bilateral stance eyes open (20 s), eyes closed (10 s), foam eyes open (20 s), foam eyes closed (10 s), and unilateral stance eyes open (10 s) and foam eyes open (10 s). Sway measurements included: average anterior/posterior (A/P) displacement (in), average medial/lateral (M/L) displacement (in), average 95% ellipsoid area (in2), and average velocity (ft/s). Significant time × group interactions were reported for average velocity (EO) (p = 0.030), average length (EO) (p = 0.030), 95% ellipsoid area (EO) (p = 0.049), and average A/P displacement (1LEO) (p = 0.036) for IDD-BADM. Significant time main effects were reported for average A/P displacement (FEO) (p = 0.040) for IDD groups. Significant time main effects were reported for average M/L displacement (EO) (p = 0.001), (EC) (p = 0.004), (FEO) (p = 0.005), (FEC) (p = 0.004), and average A/P displacement (EO) (p = 0.006) and (FEO) (p = 0.005) for TD groups. An inclusive badminton program indicated evidence of improved static postural control for those with IDD. However, no significant differences were reported for TD peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana J. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29626, USA;
| | - Harish Chander
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (A.G.); (P.-L.C.); (A.C.K.)
| | | | - Aaron Griffith
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (A.G.); (P.-L.C.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Po-Lin Chen
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (A.G.); (P.-L.C.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Chih-Chia (JJ) Chen
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (A.G.); (P.-L.C.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Adam C. Knight
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (A.G.); (P.-L.C.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Kayla Bates-Brantley
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Foundations, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (K.B.-B.)
| | - Kasee Stratton-Gadke
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Foundations, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (K.B.-B.)
| | - J. Chadwick Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29626, USA;
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2
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Mukherjee D, Bhavnani S, Lockwood Estrin G, Rao V, Dasgupta J, Irfan H, Chakrabarti B, Patel V, Belmonte MK. Digital tools for direct assessment of autism risk during early childhood: A systematic review. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:6-31. [PMID: 36336996 PMCID: PMC10771029 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221133176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT The challenge of finding autistic children, and finding them early enough to make a difference for them and their families, becomes all the greater in parts of the world where human and material resources are in short supply. Poverty of resources delays interventions, translating into a poverty of outcomes. Digital tools carry potential to lessen this delay because they can be administered by non-specialists in children's homes, schools or other everyday environments, they can measure a wide range of autistic behaviours objectively and they can automate analysis without requiring an expert in computers or statistics. This literature review aimed to identify and describe digital tools for screening children who may be at risk for autism. These tools are predominantly at the 'proof-of-concept' stage. Both portable (laptops, mobile phones, smart toys) and fixed (desktop computers, virtual-reality platforms) technologies are used to present computerised games, or to record children's behaviours or speech. Computerised analysis of children's interactions with these technologies differentiates children with and without autism, with promising results. Tasks assessing social responses and hand and body movements are the most reliable in distinguishing autistic from typically developing children. Such digital tools hold immense potential for early identification of autism spectrum disorder risk at a large scale. Next steps should be to further validate these tools and to evaluate their applicability in a variety of settings. Crucially, stakeholders from underserved communities globally must be involved in this research, lest it fail to capture the issues that these stakeholders are facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Public Health - Bengaluru, Public Health Foundation of India, India
| | | | | | - Vaisnavi Rao
- Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs (IDEAS), Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Vikram Patel
- Child Development Group, Sangath, India
- Harvard Medical School, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
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3
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Yamamoto K, Masumoto K. Memory for actions and reality monitoring in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Memory 2023; 31:482-490. [PMID: 36696252 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2171064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Reality monitoring is the cognitive process of distinguishing between internally and externally generated information sources such as imagined and performed actions. The purpose of this study was to examine self-self-monitoring with action in people with autism, which has not been examined previously, using subject performed tasks along with free recall and recognition. Twenty adults with ASD and 20 adults with typical development (TD) participated in this study. Participants memorized action sentences such as "write in pencil" and "under imagined, pantomime, or enacted conditions." Free recall, yes/no recognition, and reality monitoring tests were conducted immediately after and one week later. There was no difference in reality monitoring between the ASD and TD groups. The free recall and recognition performance of the ASD group was lower than that of the TD group. The results of the present study support the previously reported finding of unimpaired retrospective mechanisms of sense of agency related to reality monitoring in people with ASD. Moreover, low levels of free recall and recognition were discussed regarding difficulties in memory reconstruction and consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kouhei Masumoto
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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4
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Mason AH, Pickett KA, Padilla AS, Travers BG. Combined Gait and Grasping in Autistic and Non-Autistic Youths. Dev Neurorehabil 2022; 25:452-461. [PMID: 35289701 PMCID: PMC9972923 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2022.2052375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to extend research on motor skill development in autism spectrum disorder using a dual-task skill. Nine autistic and 18 non-autistic youths walked without grasping or while reaching to grasp a small or large object. Step extremity ratio, percent time in double support, and normalized speed were quantified. We hypothesized that gait would differ between autistic and non-autistic youth and that differences would be moderated by the phase (approach and grasp) and the complexity of the task (walking and grasping versus walking alone). Although gait parameters were similar during the walking-only trials, the combined task resulted in slower speed and shorter steps in autistic youth, particularly during the grasp phase. These findings, while in a small sample, offer preliminary evidence that autistic youth who show typical gait during simple assessments of motor ability may have difficulties in more complex tasks that require the coordination of movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Mason
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K A Pickett
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A S Padilla
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - B G Travers
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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5
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Belmonte MK. Motor symptoms in the ASD diagnostic criteria: A conservative perspective. Autism Res 2022; 15:1582-1584. [PMID: 35968612 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Belmonte
- The Com DEALL Trust, Bangalore, India.,Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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6
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Klibaite U, Kislin M, Verpeut JL, Bergeler S, Sun X, Shaevitz JW, Wang SSH. Deep phenotyping reveals movement phenotypes in mouse neurodevelopmental models. Mol Autism 2022; 13:12. [PMID: 35279205 PMCID: PMC8917660 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-022-00492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive action, resistance to environmental change and fine motor disruptions are hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders, and vary considerably from individual to individual. In animal models, conventional behavioral phenotyping captures such fine-scale variations incompletely. Here we observed male and female C57BL/6J mice to methodically catalog adaptive movement over multiple days and examined two rodent models of developmental disorders against this dynamic baseline. We then investigated the behavioral consequences of a cerebellum-specific deletion in Tsc1 protein and a whole-brain knockout in Cntnap2 protein in mice. Both of these mutations are found in clinical conditions and have been associated with ASD. METHODS We used advances in computer vision and deep learning, namely a generalized form of high-dimensional statistical analysis, to develop a framework for characterizing mouse movement on multiple timescales using a single popular behavioral assay, the open-field test. The pipeline takes virtual markers from pose estimation to find behavior clusters and generate wavelet signatures of behavior classes. We measured spatial and temporal habituation to a new environment across minutes and days, different types of self-grooming, locomotion and gait. RESULTS Both Cntnap2 knockouts and L7-Tsc1 mutants showed forelimb lag during gait. L7-Tsc1 mutants and Cntnap2 knockouts showed complex defects in multi-day adaptation, lacking the tendency of wild-type mice to spend progressively more time in corners of the arena. In L7-Tsc1 mutant mice, failure to adapt took the form of maintained ambling, turning and locomotion, and an overall decrease in grooming. However, adaptation in these traits was similar between wild-type mice and Cntnap2 knockouts. L7-Tsc1 mutant and Cntnap2 knockout mouse models showed different patterns of behavioral state occupancy. LIMITATIONS Genetic risk factors for autism are numerous, and we tested only two. Our pipeline was only done under conditions of free behavior. Testing under task or social conditions would reveal more information about behavioral dynamics and variability. CONCLUSIONS Our automated pipeline for deep phenotyping successfully captures model-specific deviations in adaptation and movement as well as differences in the detailed structure of behavioral dynamics. The reported deficits indicate that deep phenotyping constitutes a robust set of ASD symptoms that may be considered for implementation in clinical settings as quantitative diagnosis criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugne Klibaite
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St, 02138, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Mikhail Kislin
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jessica L Verpeut
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Silke Bergeler
- Department of Physics, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Joshua W Shaevitz
- Department of Physics, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Samuel S-H Wang
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Rd, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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7
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Lu SC, Rowe P, Tachtatzis C, Andonovic I, Anzulewicz A, Sobota K, Delafield-Butt J. Swipe kinematic differences in young children with autism spectrum disorders are task- and age-dependent: A smart tablet game approach. BRAIN DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2022.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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8
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Chua YW, Lu SC, Anzulewicz A, Sobota K, Tachtatzis C, Andonovic I, Rowe P, Delafield-Butt J. Developmental differences in the prospective organisation of goal-directed movement between children with autism and typically developing children: A smart tablet serious game study. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13195. [PMID: 34800316 PMCID: PMC9287065 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Movement is prospective. It structures self‐generated engagement with objects and social partners and is fundamental to children's learning and development. In autistic children, previous reports of differences in movement kinematics compared to neurotypical peers suggest that its prospective organisation might be disrupted. Here, we employed a smart tablet serious game paradigm to assess differences in the feedforward and feedback mechanisms of prospective action organisation, between autistic and neurotypical preschool children. We analysed 3926 goal‐directed finger movements made during smart‐tablet ecological gameplay, from 28 children with Childhood Autism (ICD‐10; ASD) and 43 neurotypical children (TD), aged 3–6 years old. Using linear and generalised linear mixed‐effect models, we found the ASD group executed movements with longer movement time (MT) and time to peak velocity (TTPV), lower peak velocity (PV), with PV less likely to occur in the first movement unit (MU) and with a greater number of movement units after peak velocity (MU‐APV). Interestingly, compared to the TD group, the ASD group showed smaller increases in PV, TTPV and MT with an increase in age (ASD × age interaction), together with a smaller reduction in MU‐APV and an increase in MU‐APV at shorter target distances (ASD × Dist interaction). Our results are the first to highlight different developmental trends in anticipatory feedforward and compensatory feedback mechanisms of control, contributing to differences in movement kinematics observed between autistic and neurotypical children. These findings point to differences in integration of prospective perceptuomotor information, with implications for embodied cognition and learning from self‐generated action in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei Chua
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Szu-Ching Lu
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Christos Tachtatzis
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Ivan Andonovic
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Philip Rowe
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Jonathan Delafield-Butt
- Laboratory for Innovation in Autism, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.,Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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9
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Karashchuk P, Rupp KL, Dickinson ES, Walling-Bell S, Sanders E, Azim E, Brunton BW, Tuthill JC. Anipose: A toolkit for robust markerless 3D pose estimation. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109730. [PMID: 34592148 PMCID: PMC8498918 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying movement is critical for understanding animal behavior. Advances in computer vision now enable markerless tracking from 2D video, but most animals move in 3D. Here, we introduce Anipose, an open-source toolkit for robust markerless 3D pose estimation. Anipose is built on the 2D tracking method DeepLabCut, so users can expand their existing experimental setups to obtain accurate 3D tracking. It consists of four components: (1) a 3D calibration module, (2) filters to resolve 2D tracking errors, (3) a triangulation module that integrates temporal and spatial regularization, and (4) a pipeline to structure processing of large numbers of videos. We evaluate Anipose on a calibration board as well as mice, flies, and humans. By analyzing 3D leg kinematics tracked with Anipose, we identify a key role for joint rotation in motor control of fly walking. To help users get started with 3D tracking, we provide tutorials and documentation at http://anipose.org/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Karashchuk
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katie L. Rupp
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evyn S. Dickinson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Walling-Bell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elischa Sanders
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eiman Azim
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bingni W. Brunton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Senior author,Correspondence: (B.W.B.), (J.C.T.)
| | - John C. Tuthill
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Senior author,Lead contact,Correspondence: (B.W.B.), (J.C.T.)
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10
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Girardi G, Fernandez LG, Leboyer M, Latimier A, Chokron S, Zalla T. Temporal preparation in adults with autistic spectrum disorder: The variable foreperiod effect. Autism Res 2021; 14:2393-2404. [PMID: 34223712 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research suggested the possibility that temporal cognition may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Although there are some empirical studies examining timing ability in these individuals, to our knowledge, no one directly assessed the ability to predict when an event will occur. Here, we report a study on implicit temporal preparation in individuals with ASD as indexed by the variable foreperiod (FP) effect. We compared a group of adult ASD participants to a group of typically-developed (TD) controls, for their respective abilities to utilize implicit temporal information in a simple detection task with three different preparatory intervals (FP, short, middle and long). Participants were given a warning tone to signal an imminent stimulus, and asked to press a key as quickly as they could upon detection of the stimulus. Both groups were able to use implicit temporal information, as revealed by both the variable-FP effect (i.e., faster response for targets appearing after a long FP) and asymmetric sequential effects (i.e., slower response in short-FP trials following a previous long-FP trial). The TD group exhibited a faster response in a long-FP trial that was preceded by short-FP one, whereas the ASD group did not, as reflected in their higher percentage of response omissions for a target that appeared later than in the previous trial. The reduced ability of ASD participants to modulate their responses under these conditions might reflect a difficulty in time-based monitoring of stimulus occurrence. LAY SUMMARY: Time-processing may be different in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). This study addressed the ability to anticipate a relevant stimulus's onset according to predictable interstimulus intervals comparing adults with ASD and typically developed controls. We found that ASD participants did not benefit from temporal preparation when stimulus appeared later than previously attended. This suggests a reduced ability in detecting implicit temporal regularities between events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Girardi
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, CNRS UMR 8129, Paris, France.,Department of Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Gabriela Fernandez
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, CNRS UMR 8129, Paris, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Department of Psychiatry, INSERM U 955, IMRB & University Paris Est Creteil, AP-HP, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospitals, Creteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, French National Science Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Alice Latimier
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, CNRS UMR 8129, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chokron
- Institut de Neuropsychologie, Neurovision et Neurocognition, Fondation Ophtalmologique Rothschild & INCC, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS UMR 8002 Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tiziana Zalla
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, CNRS UMR 8129, Paris, France
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11
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Abbas A, Yadav V, Smith E, Ramjas E, Rutter SB, Benavidez C, Koesmahargyo V, Zhang L, Guan L, Rosenfield P, Perez-Rodriguez M, Galatzer-Levy IR. Computer Vision-Based Assessment of Motor Functioning in Schizophrenia: Use of Smartphones for Remote Measurement of Schizophrenia Symptomatology. Digit Biomark 2021; 5:29-36. [PMID: 33615120 DOI: 10.1159/000512383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Motor abnormalities have been shown to be a distinct component of schizophrenia symptomatology. However, objective and scalable methods for assessment of motor functioning in schizophrenia are lacking. Advancements in machine learning-based digital tools have allowed for automated and remote "digital phenotyping" of disease symptomatology. Here, we assess the performance of a computer vision-based assessment of motor functioning as a characteristic of schizophrenia using video data collected remotely through smartphones. Methods Eighteen patients with schizophrenia and 9 healthy controls were asked to remotely participate in smartphone-based assessments daily for 14 days. Video recorded from the smartphone front-facing camera during these assessments was used to quantify the Euclidean distance of head movement between frames through a pretrained computer vision model. The ability of head movement measurements to distinguish between patients and healthy controls as well as their relationship to schizophrenia symptom severity as measured through traditional clinical scores was assessed. Results The rate of head movement in participants with schizophrenia (1.48 mm/frame) and those without differed significantly (2.50 mm/frame; p = 0.01), and a logistic regression demonstrated that head movement was a significant predictor of schizophrenia diagnosis (p = 0.02). Linear regression between head movement and clinical scores of schizophrenia showed that head movement has a negative relationship with schizophrenia symptom severity (p = 0.04), primarily with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Conclusions Remote, smartphone-based assessments were able to capture meaningful visual behavior for computer vision-based objective measurement of head movement. The measurements of head movement acquired were able to accurately classify schizophrenia diagnosis and quantify symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Smith
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramjas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah B Rutter
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Li Zhang
- AiCure, LLC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lei Guan
- AiCure, LLC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul Rosenfield
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Isaac R Galatzer-Levy
- AiCure, LLC, New York, New York, USA.,Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Elliott D, Lyons J, Hayes SJ, Burkitt JJ, Hansen S, Grierson LEM, Foster NC, Roberts JW, Bennett SJ. The multiple process model of goal-directed aiming/reaching: insights on limb control from various special populations. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:2685-2699. [PMID: 33079207 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several years ago, our research group forwarded a model of goal-directed reaching and aiming that describes the processes involved in the optimization of speed, accuracy, and energy expenditure Elliott et al. (Psychol Bull 136:1023-1044, 2010). One of the main features of the model is the distinction between early impulse control, which is based on a comparison of expected to perceived sensory consequences, and late limb-target control that involves a spatial comparison of limb and target position. Our model also emphasizes the importance of strategic behaviors that limit the opportunity for worst-case or inefficient outcomes. In the 2010 paper, we included a section on how our model can be used to understand atypical aiming/reaching movements in a number of special populations. In light of a recent empirical and theoretical update of our model Elliott et al. (Neurosci Biobehav Rev 72:95-110, 2017), here we consider contemporary motor control work involving typical aging, Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and tetraplegia with tendon-transfer surgery. We outline how atypical limb control can be viewed within the context of the multiple-process model of goal-directed reaching and aiming, and discuss the underlying perceptual-motor impairment that results in the adaptive solution developed by the specific group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digby Elliott
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| | - James Lyons
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Spencer J Hayes
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Steve Hansen
- School of Physical and Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Lawrence E M Grierson
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan C Foster
- Cognition, Motion and Neuroscience Unit, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - James W Roberts
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Simon J Bennett
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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13
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Cantin-Garside KD, Srinivasan D, Ranganathan S, White SW, Nussbaum MA. Multi-level modeling with nonlinear movement metrics to classify self-injurious behaviors in autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16699. [PMID: 33028829 PMCID: PMC7542156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is among the most dangerous concerns in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often requiring detailed and tedious management methods. Sensor-based behavioral monitoring could address the limitations of these methods, though the complex problem of classifying variable behavior should be addressed first. We aimed to address this need by developing a group-level model accounting for individual variability and potential nonlinear trends in SIB, as a secondary analysis of existing data. Ten participants with ASD and SIB engaged in free play while wearing accelerometers. Movement data were collected from > 200 episodes and 18 different types of SIB. Frequency domain and linear movement variability measures of acceleration signals were extracted to capture differences in behaviors, and metrics of nonlinear movement variability were used to quantify the complexity of SIB. The multi-level logistic regression model, comprising of 12 principal components, explained > 65% of the variance, and classified SIB with > 75% accuracy. Our findings imply that frequency-domain and movement variability metrics can effectively predict SIB. Our modeling approach yielded superior accuracy than commonly used classifiers (~ 75 vs. ~ 64% accuracy) and had superior performance compared to prior reports (~ 75 vs. ~ 69% accuracy) This work provides an approach to generating an accurate and interpretable group-level model for SIB identification, and further supports the feasibility of developing a real-time SIB monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Divya Srinivasan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Susan W White
- Center for Youth Development and Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Maury A Nussbaum
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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14
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Abtahi M, Bahram Borgheai S, Jafari R, Constant N, Diouf R, Shahriari Y, Mankodiya K. Merging fNIRS-EEG Brain Monitoring and Body Motion Capture to Distinguish Parkinsons Disease. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2020; 28:1246-1253. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.2987888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Eggleston JD, Harry JR, Cereceres PA, Olivas AN, Chavez EA, Boyle JB, Dufek JS. Lesser magnitudes of lower extremity variability during terminal swing characterizes walking patterns in children with autism. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 76:105031. [PMID: 32408186 PMCID: PMC7282997 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anecdotally, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have highly variable lower extremity walking patterns, yet, this has not been sufficiently quantified. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine walking pattern variability by way of lower extremity coordination and spatio-temporal characteristics in children with autism compared with individuals with typical development during over-ground walking. METHODS Bilateral continuous relative phase variability was computed for the thigh-leg, leg-foot, and thigh-foot segment couples for 11 children with autism and 9 children with typical development at each gait sub-phase. Furthermore, left and right stride lengths and stride width were computed and compared. The Model Statistic was utilized to test for statistical differences in variability between each child with autism to an aggregate group with typical development. Effect sizes were computed to determine the meaningfulness between responses for children with autism and typical development. Coefficient of variation and effect sizes were computed for stride lengths and stride width. FINDINGS Analysis revealed that children with autism exhibited differences in variability in each gait sub-phase. Notably, all but two children with autism exhibited lesser variability in all segment couples during terminal swing. Differences in stride lengths were relatively minimal, however, greater coefficient of variation magnitudes in stride width were observed in children with autism. INTERPRETATION This finding reveals that children with autism may have limited or a preferred movement strategy when preparing the foot for ground contact. The findings from this study suggest variability may be an identifiable characteristic during movement in children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Eggleston
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - John R Harry
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Alyssa N Olivas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Emily A Chavez
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jason B Boyle
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Janet S Dufek
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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16
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Achermann S, Nyström P, Bölte S, Falck-Ytter T. Motor atypicalities in infancy are associated with general developmental level at 2 years, but not autistic symptoms. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 24:1650-1663. [PMID: 32414290 PMCID: PMC7545653 DOI: 10.1177/1362361320918745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Atypicalities in motor functioning are often observed in later born infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder. The goal of our study was to investigate motor functioning in infants with and without familial history of autism spectrum disorder. Specifically, we investigated how infants catch a ball that is rolling toward them following a non-straight path, a task that requires both efficient planning and execution. Their performance was measured using detailed three-dimensional motion capture technology. We found that several early motor functioning measures were different in infants with an older autistic sibling compared to controls. However, these early motor measures were not related to autistic symptoms at the age of 2 years. Instead, we found that some of the early motor measures were related to their subsequent non-social, general development. The findings of our study help us understand motor functioning early in life and how motor functioning is related to other aspects of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sven Bölte
- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Stockholm County Council, Sweden.,Curtin University, Australia
| | - Terje Falck-Ytter
- Uppsala University, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Stockholm County Council, Sweden.,Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS), Sweden
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17
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Gong L, Liu Y, Yi L, Fang J, Yang Y, Wei K. Abnormal Gait Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Correlations with Social Impairments. Autism Res 2020; 13:1215-1226. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive SciencesPeking University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education)Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yajie Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive SciencesPeking University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education)Peking University Beijing China
| | - Li Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive SciencesPeking University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education)Peking University Beijing China
| | - Jing Fang
- Qingdao Autism Research Institute Qingdao Shangdong China
| | - Yisheng Yang
- Qingdao Autism Research Institute Qingdao Shangdong China
| | - Kunlin Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive SciencesPeking University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education)Peking University Beijing China
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18
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Whole-Body Movement during Videogame Play Distinguishes Youth with Autism from Youth with Typical Development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20094. [PMID: 31882934 PMCID: PMC6934713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56362-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder struggle with motor difficulties throughout the life span, and these motor difficulties may affect independent living skills and quality of life. Yet, we know little about how whole-body movement may distinguish individuals with autism spectrum disorder from individuals with typical development. In this study, kinematic and postural sway data were collected during multiple sessions of videogame play in 39 youth with autism spectrum disorder and 23 age-matched youth with typical development (ages 7–17 years). The youth on the autism spectrum exhibited more variability and more entropy in their movements. Machine learning analysis of the youths’ motor patterns distinguished between the autism spectrum and typically developing groups with high aggregate accuracy (up to 89%), with no single region of the body seeming to drive group differences. Moreover, the machine learning results corresponded to individual differences in performance on standardized motor tasks and measures of autism symptom severity. The machine learning algorithm was also sensitive to age, suggesting that motor challenges in autism may be best characterized as a developmental motor delay rather than an autism-distinct motor profile. Overall, these results reveal that whole-body movement is a distinguishing feature in autism spectrum disorder and that movement atypicalities in autism are present across the body.
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19
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Gaetz W, Rhodes E, Bloy L, Blaskey L, Jackel CR, Brodkin ES, Waldman A, Embick D, Hall S, Roberts TPL. Evaluating motor cortical oscillations and age-related change in autism spectrum disorder. Neuroimage 2019; 207:116349. [PMID: 31726253 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is primarily characterized by impairments in social communication and the appearance of repetitive behaviors with restricted interests. Increasingly, evidence also points to a general deficit of motor tone and coordination in children and adults with ASD; yet the neural basis of motor functional impairment in ASD remains poorly characterized. In this study, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to (1) assess potential group differences between typically developing (TD) and ASD participants in motor cortical oscillatory activity observed on a simple button-press task and (2) to do so over a sufficiently broad age-range so as to capture age-dependent changes associated with development. Event-related desynchronization was evaluated in Mu (8-13 Hz) and Beta (15-30 Hz) frequency bands (Mu-ERD, Beta-ERD). In addition, post-movement Beta rebound (PMBR), and movement-related gamma (60-90 Hz) synchrony (MRGS) were also assessed in a cohort of 123 participants (63 typically developing (TD) and 59 with ASD) ranging in age from 8 to 24.9 years. We observed significant age-dependent linear trends in Beta-ERD and MRGS power with age for both TD and ASD groups; which did not differ significantly between groups. However, for PMBR, in addition to a significant effect of age, we also observed a significant reduction in PMBR power in the ASD group (p < 0.05). Post-hoc tests showed that this omnibus group difference was driven by the older cohort of children >13.2 years (p < 0.001) and this group difference was not observed when assessing PMBR activity for the younger PMBR groups (ages 8-13.2 years; p = 0.48). Moreover, for the older ASD cohort, hierarchical regression showed a significant relationship between PMBR activity and clinical scores of ASD severity (Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS T scores)), after regressing out the effect of age (p < 0.05). Our results show substantial age-dependent changes in motor cortical oscillations (Beta-ERD and MRGS) occur for both TD and ASD children and diverge only for PMBR, and most significantly for older adolescents and adults with ASD. While the functional significance of PMBR and reduced PMBR signaling remains to be fully elucidated, these results underscore the importance of considering age as a factor when assessing motor cortical oscillations and group differences in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Gaetz
- Lurie Family Foundations' MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Edward Rhodes
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luke Bloy
- Lurie Family Foundations' MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Blaskey
- Lurie Family Foundations' MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carissa R Jackel
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Edward S Brodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Waldman
- Division of Neurology, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Embick
- Department of Linguistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen Hall
- Brain Research and Imaging Centre, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Timothy P L Roberts
- Lurie Family Foundations' MEG Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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20
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Foster NC, Bennett SJ, Causer J, Elliott D, Bird G, Hayes SJ. Getting Off to a Shaky Start: Specificity in Planning and Feedforward Control During Sensorimotor Learning in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2019; 13:423-435. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C. Foster
- Cognition, Motion and Neuroscience UnitFondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Simon J. Bennett
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Joe Causer
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Digby Elliott
- Department of KinesiologyMcMaster University Ontario Canada
| | - Geoffrey Bird
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Spencer J. Hayes
- Department of Psychology and Human DevelopmentInstitute of Education, University College London UK
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21
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Chen LC, Su WC, Ho TL, Lu L, Tsai WC, Chiu YN, Jeng SF. Postural Control and Interceptive Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Phys Ther 2019; 99:1231-1241. [PMID: 31187124 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows common motor deficits associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that can relate to impaired planning and control processes of the sensorimotor system. Catching is a fundamental motor skill that requires coordination between vision, posture, and arm movements. Although postural control and ball catching have been shown to be impaired in children with ASD, previous studies have not investigated how these components are integrated. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the sensorimotor control of arm movements and postural adjustments during ball catching in children with and without ASD. DESIGN This study employed a cross-sectional design. METHODS Fifteen children with ASD (mean [SD] age = 8.8 [1.2] years; 12 boys) and 15 age- and sex-matched typically developing children participated in this study. Children were asked to catch a ball rolling down a ramp in 6 test conditions in which visual inputs and ramp direction were manipulated to provide different sensory conditions and postural demands. RESULTS Compared with their typically developing peers, children with ASD had increased difficulties catching balls, especially those from lateral directions. They less often used visual information to plan for catching motion, demonstrated fewer and delayed anticipatory postural adjustments, and exhibited increased corrective control. LIMITATIONS The sample excluded children with intellectual disability and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders that might reduce the generalizability to the whole ASD population. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that motor difficulties present in children with ASD can result from compromised sensorimotor integration in planning and control of movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chiou Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, 151 Jinxue Road, Daliao District, Kaohsiung City 83102, Taiwan; and School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Su
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Tzu-Lin Ho
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Che Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nan Chiu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Fang Jeng
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University; and Physical Therapy Center, National Taiwan University Hospital
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22
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Lindor ER, van Boxtel JJ, Rinehart NJ, Fielding J. Motor difficulties are associated with impaired perception of interactive human movement in autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 41:856-874. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1634181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebony R. Lindor
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeroen J.A. van Boxtel
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nicole J. Rinehart
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Fielding
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Gamez Corral AS, Manning R, Wang C, Cisneros A, Meeuwsen HJ, Boyle JB. A Novel Approach to Enhancing Upper Extremity Coordination in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Mot Behav 2019; 52:311-317. [PMID: 31232185 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2019.1618238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies examining children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have revealed kinematic markers highlighting deficits in the preparatory and online phases of upper extremity movements. In the following study, 12 children with high functioning ASD were first assessed (pre-test) on 15 trials of a reciprocal upper extremity Fitts Law target task by flexing and extending their right arm in the horizontal plane between two targets as fast and accurately as possible. Following the initial assessment, the children either continued with 30 additional trials of the target task (control) or were asked to track a sine wave template (experimental). All participants were then assessed on 15 trials of the target test (post-test). Results reveal that tracking the sine wave template during training not only produced faster movements compared to the control but also produced these movements in a more harmonic way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rhonda Manning
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Chaoyi Wang
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Jilin University, Jilin Sheng, China
| | - Ana Cisneros
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Harry J Meeuwsen
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Jason B Boyle
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.,Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
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24
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Harry JR, Eggleston JD, Lidstone DE, Dufek JS. Weighted Vest Use to Improve Movement Control during Walking in Children with Autism. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Xavier J, Guedjou H, Anzalone SM, Boucenna S, Guigon E, Chetouani M, Cohen D. Toward a motor signature in autism: Studies from human-machine interaction. Encephale 2019; 45:182-187. [PMID: 30503684 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders which core symptoms are impairments in socio-communication and repetitive symptoms and stereotypies. Although not cardinal symptoms per se, motor impairments are fundamental aspects of ASD. These impairments are associated with postural and motor control disabilities that we investigated using computational modeling and developmental robotics through human-machine interaction paradigms. METHOD First, in a set of studies involving a human-robot posture imitation, we explored the impact of 3 different groups of partners (including a group of children with ASD) on robot learning by imitation. Second, using an ecological task, i.e. a real-time motor imitation with a tightrope walker (TW) avatar, we investigated interpersonal synchronization, motor coordination and motor control during the task in children with ASD (n=29), TD children (n=39) and children with developmental coordination disorder (n=17, DCD). RESULTS From the human-robot experiments, we evidenced that motor signature at both groups' and individuals' levels had a key influence on imitation learning, posture recognition and identity recognition. From the more dynamic motor imitation paradigm with a TW avatar, we found that interpersonal synchronization, motor coordination and motor control were more impaired in children with ASD compared to both TD children and children with DCD. Taken together these results confirm the motor peculiarities of children with ASD despite imitation tasks were adequately performed. DISCUSSION Studies from human-machine interaction support the idea of a behavioral signature in children with ASD. However, several issues need to be addressed. Is this behavioral signature motoric in essence? Is it possible to ascertain that these peculiarities occur during all motor tasks (e.g. posture, voluntary movement)? Could this motor signature be considered as specific to autism, notably in comparison to DCD that also display poor motor coordination skills? We suggest that more work comparing the two conditions should be implemented, including analysis of kinematics and movement smoothness with sufficient measurement quality to allow spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xavier
- Département de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France.
| | - H Guedjou
- Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - S M Anzalone
- Laboratoire CHArt-THIM, EA4004, université Paris 8, 93000 Saint-Denis, France
| | - S Boucenna
- Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - E Guigon
- Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - M Chetouani
- Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - D Cohen
- Département de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Sorbonne université, institut des systèmes intelligents et de robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
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26
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Heathers JA, Gilchrist KH, Hegarty-Craver M, Grego S, Goodwin MS. An analysis of stereotypical motor movements and cardiovascular coupling in individuals on the autism spectrum. Biol Psychol 2019; 142:90-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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The Impact of Different Movement Types on Motor Planning and Execution in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Motor Control 2019; 23:398-417. [PMID: 30696348 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2017-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although there are consistent reports that motor skills are affected in individuals with autism, the details are still debated; specifically, why individuals spend more time preparing movements and whether or not movement execution takes longer. The present study investigated if the conflicting reports were related to: (a) differences in movement type and (b) if longer reaction times were related to the time for motor planning or for force-generation processes. Participants performed three different movement types. People with autism had longer premotor reaction times and movement times for the three-dimensional movements only. We suggest individuals with autism have difficulty planning and executing unconstrained reaching movements specifically. The present results are consistent with evidence that autistic individuals have more difficulty effectively using visual feedback but can use tactile feedback to execute reaching movements efficiently and accurately.
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28
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Burling JM, Kadambi A, Safari T, Lu H. The Impact of Autistic Traits on Self-Recognition of Body Movements. Front Psychol 2019; 9:2687. [PMID: 30687162 PMCID: PMC6338035 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the sparse visual information and paucity of self-identifying cues provided by point-light stimuli, as well as a dearth of experience in seeing our own-body movements, people can identify themselves solely based on the kinematics of body movements. The present study found converging evidence of this remarkable ability using a broad range of actions with whole-body movements. In addition, we found that individuals with a high degree of autistic traits showed worse performance in identifying own-body movements, particularly for simple actions. A Bayesian analysis showed that action complexity modulates the relationship between autistic traits and self-recognition performance. These findings reveal the impact of autistic traits on the ability to represent and recognize own-body movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Burling
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Akila Kadambi
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tabitha Safari
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hongjing Lu
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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29
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Kruger GR, Silveira JR, Marques AC. Motor skills of children with autism spectrum disorder. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e60515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study is to describe variables of life habits associated with motor skills of children with autism spectrum disorder aged 8-10 years living in the city of Pelotas / RS. A questionnaire about lifestyle was applied and the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) was applied to assess motor skills. Independent T-test, ANOVA and Wilcoxon test were used to compare means. The study consisted of 49 individuals (42 males). The results indicate that the higher the level of ASD, the better the motor skills. Children making use of medications have greater deficits in motor skills. Higher scores on motor skills are associated with greater participation in physical education classes. Motor skills are strongly associated with independence in activities of the daily living, food, personal hygiene, dressing and bathing. The importance of the creation of PA programs aiming at improving the motor skills of this population was highlighted.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien Hermans
- School for Arts and Economics, University of the Arts Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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31
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Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence of a Selective Impairment for Individuals with Co-occurring Motor Difficulties. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 49:669-682. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3744-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Xavier J, Gauthier S, Cohen D, Zahoui M, Chetouani M, Villa F, Berthoz A, Anzalone S. Interpersonal Synchronization, Motor Coordination, and Control Are Impaired During a Dynamic Imitation Task in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1467. [PMID: 30233439 PMCID: PMC6129607 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Impairments in imitation abilities have been commonly described in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). How motricity in interpersonal coordination impacts imitation, during long lasting semi-ecological conditions, has not been carefully investigated. Methods: Eighty-five children and adolescents (39 controls with typical development, TD; 29 patients with ASD; 17 patients with developmental coordination disorder, DCD), aged 6 to 20 years, participated to a behavioral paradigm in which participants, standing and moving, interacted with a virtual tightrope walker standing and moving as well. During the protocol, we measured automatically and continuously bodily postures and movements from RGB sensor recording to assess participants' behavioral imitation. Results: We show that (1) interpersonal synchronization (as evidenced by the synchrony between the participant's and the tightrope walker's bars) and (2) motor coordination (as evidenced by the synchrony between the participant's bar and its own head axis) increased with age and were more impaired in patients with ASD. Also, motor control as evidenced by the movement angle standard deviations of participants' bar and head were significantly impaired in ASD compared to TD or DCD. Conclusion: Interpersonal synchronization and motor coordination during ecological interaction show both subtle impairment in children with ASD as compared to children with TD or DCD. These results questioned how motricity mature in terms of motor control and proprioception in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Xavier
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - Soizic Gauthier
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,CRPMS, EA 3522, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Berthoz, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - David Cohen
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | | | - Mohamed Chetouani
- Sorbonne Université, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - François Villa
- CRPMS, EA 3522, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Fulceri F, Tonacci A, Lucaferro A, Apicella F, Narzisi A, Vincenti G, Muratori F, Contaldo A. Interpersonal motor coordination during joint actions in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: The role of motor information. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 80:13-23. [PMID: 29879613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinematics plays a key role in action prediction, imitation and joint action coordination. Despite people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a failure to use kinematic cues during observation and imitation, there is a paucity of studies exploring the role of this dysfunction during joint actions in children with ASD. AIM To evaluate the interpersonal motor coordination of children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children during a joint action task. METHOD Twenty-two participants performed two cooperative tasks. In the first one (Clear End-Point), children were provided with a priori information on movement end-point. In the second one (Unclear End-Point), the end-point was unknown and children had to use kinematic cues to accomplish the shared goal. RESULTS We found no between-group differences in the first task, even if children with ASD displayed greater reaction time variability. In the second task, they showed less accurate and slower movements than TD children. Moreover, their movement features did not differ between the two tasks, whereas TD children showed reduced reaction time variability and number of errors in the second task. CONCLUSION Children with ASD were impaired in joint action coordination when they had to rely only on kinematic information. They were not able to pay more attention to the kinematic cues in absence of a visual goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fulceri
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Lucaferro
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Caruso, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Apicella
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Narzisi
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Vincenti
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Muratori
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annarita Contaldo
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy.
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Grace N, Johnson BP, Rinehart NJ, Enticott PG. Are Motor Control and Regulation Problems Part of the ASD Motor Profile? A Handwriting Study. Dev Neuropsychol 2018; 43:581-594. [PMID: 30124332 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2018.1504948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to kinematically assess how children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) plan and control their handwriting actions. Forty-three boys aged between 8 to 12 years were included in the present analysis; 23 with ASD and 20 typically developing (TD) controls. Sophisticated objective and quantifiable assessment of movement metrics and dynamics was applied across a series of basic cursive handwriting sequences. Children with ASD demonstrated atypical control of handwriting metrics and dynamics, as well as significantly greater neuromotor noise relative to age-matched peers. They also engaged in less regular monitoring and regulation of their movement during the handwriting task. This study provides new insights into the way children with ASD plan and sequence their handwriting movements. Overall, results revealed that even at a basic level, children with ASD appear to have a breakdown in their ability to control and regulate their handwriting movements. This has important implications for the school-aged child who constantly engages in handwriting tasks within the classroom environment and provides insight into possible directions for future intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicci Grace
- a Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Beth P Johnson
- b Bellgrove Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Nicole J Rinehart
- c School of Psychology, Faculty of Health , Deakin University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- d Cognitive Neuroscience Unit and Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology , Deakin University , Melbourne , Australia
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35
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Geier DA, Kern JK, Sykes LK, Geier MR. Mercury-associated diagnoses among children diagnosed with pervasive development disorders. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:949-960. [PMID: 29512044 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nelson and Bauman (Pediatrics 111:674-679, 2003) previously hypothesized that pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) was not associated with mercury (Hg) exposure because the medical conditions associated with Hg exposure were not associated with PDD. A hypothesis-testing longitudinal case-control study evaluated the frequency of medically diagnosed conditions previously associated with Hg poisoning, including: epilepsy, dysarthria, failure to thrive, cerebral palsy, or contact dermatitis and other eczema among children preceding their eventual PDD diagnosis (cases) compared to controls. A retrospective examination of medical records within the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) was undertaken. Cases diagnosed with PDD (n = 534) were born from 1991 to 2000 and continuously enrolled until their PDD diagnosis. Controls (n = 26,367) were born from 1991 to 1993 and continuously enrolled from birth for 7.22 years. Within the first 5 years of life, cases compared to controls were significantly (p < 0.0001) more likely to be assigned a diagnosis of contact dermatitis and other eczema (odds ratio (OR) = 2.033), dysarthria (OR = 23.992), epilepsy (OR = 5.351), failure to thrive (OR = 25.3), and cerebral palsy (OR = 4.464). Similar results were observed when the data were separated by gender. Overall, the results of the present study and recently published studies provide direct evidence supporting a link in twelve of twelve categories (100%) of Hg poisoning associated symptoms as defined by Nelson and Bauman (Pediatrics 111:674-679, 2003) and symptoms observed in those with a PDD diagnosis. The results of this study support the biological plausibility of Hg poisoning to induce PDD diagnoses and rejection of the Nelson and Bauman (Pediatrics 111:674-679, 2003) hypothesis because those with a PDD diagnosis have an increased frequency of conditions previously associated with Hg poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Geier
- The Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Janet K Kern
- The Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- CoMeD, Inc, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- CONEM US Autism Research Group, Allen, TX, USA.
| | | | - Mark R Geier
- The Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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36
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Superior Visual Search and Crowding Abilities Are Not Characteristic of All Individuals on the Autism Spectrum. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 48:3499-3512. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Moseley RL, Pulvermüller F. What can autism teach us about the role of sensorimotor systems in higher cognition? New clues from studies on language, action semantics, and abstract emotional concept processing. Cortex 2018; 100:149-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:506. [PMID: 29323122 PMCID: PMC5764963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of rhythmic auditory cueing to enhance gait performance in parkinsonian patients' is an emerging area of interest. Different theories and underlying neurophysiological mechanisms have been suggested for ascertaining the enhancement in motor performance. However, a consensus as to its effects based on characteristics of effective stimuli, and training dosage is still not reached. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to analyze the effects of different auditory feedbacks on gait and postural performance in patients affected by Parkinson's disease. Systematic identification of published literature was performed adhering to PRISMA guidelines, from inception until May 2017, on online databases; Web of science, PEDro, EBSCO, MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE and PROQUEST. Of 4204 records, 50 studies, involving 1892 participants met our inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed an overall positive effect on gait velocity, stride length, and a negative effect on cadence with application of auditory cueing. Neurophysiological mechanisms, training dosage, effects of higher information processing constraints, and use of cueing as an adjunct with medications are thoroughly discussed. This present review bridges the gaps in literature by suggesting application of rhythmic auditory cueing in conventional rehabilitation approaches to enhance motor performance and quality of life in the parkinsonian community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Ghai
- Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Ishan Ghai
- School of Life Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alfred O Effenberg
- Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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39
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Functional but Inefficient Kinesthetic Motor Imagery in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 48:784-795. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Brooks J, Kellett J, Seeanner J, Jenkins C, Buchanan C, Kinsman A, Kelly D, Pierce S. Training the Motor Aspects of Pre-driving Skills of Young Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 46:2408-26. [PMID: 27055416 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of using a driving simulator to address the motor aspects of pre-driving skills with young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A group of neurotypical control participants and ten participants with ASD completed 18 interactive steering and pedal exercises with the goal to achieve error-free performance. Most participants were able to achieve this goal within five trials for all exercises except for the two most difficult ones. Minimal performance differences were observed between the two groups. Participants with ASD needed more time to complete the tasks. Overall, the interactive exercises and the process used worked well to address motor related aspects of pre-driving skills in young adults with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnell Brooks
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research, 4 Research Drive, Greenville, SC, USA.
| | - Julie Kellett
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Children's Hospital, Greenville Health System, 200 Patewood Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Julia Seeanner
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research, 4 Research Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Casey Jenkins
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research, 4 Research Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Caroline Buchanan
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Greenville Health System, 200 Patewood Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Anne Kinsman
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Children's Hospital, Greenville Health System, 200 Patewood Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Desmond Kelly
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Greenville Health System, 200 Patewood Drive, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Susan Pierce
- Adaptive Mobility Services, 1726 S. Bumby Ave, Orlando, FL, USA
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41
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Grace N, Enticott PG, Johnson BP, Rinehart NJ. Do Handwriting Difficulties Correlate with Core Symptomology, Motor Proficiency and Attentional Behaviours? J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 47:1006-1017. [PMID: 28083779 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-3019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Handwriting is commonly identified as an area of weakness in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but precise deficits have not been fully characterised. Boys with ASD (n = 23) and matched controls (n = 20) aged 8-12 years completed a simple, digitised task to objectively assess handwriting performance using advanced descriptive measures. Moderate to large associations were identified between handwriting performance and attention, ASD symptoms and motor proficiency. The ASD group demonstrated significantly less smooth movements and significantly greater sizing variability and peak velocity relative to controls. These findings provide a clearer indication of the specific nature of handwriting impairments in children with ASD, and suggest a relationship with core clinical symptom severity, attention and motor behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicci Grace
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, 18 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Peter Gregory Enticott
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Beth Patricia Johnson
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, 18 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Nicole Joan Rinehart
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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Hayes SJ, Andrew M, Foster NC, Elliott D, Gowen E, Bennett SJ. Sensorimotor learning and associated visual perception are intact but unrelated in autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res 2017; 11:296-304. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer J. Hayes
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Matthew Andrew
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Nathan C. Foster
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Digby Elliott
- Department of Kinesiology; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Emma Gowen
- Faculty of Life Sciences; Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Simon J. Bennett
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
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Chee DYT, Lee HCY, Patomella AH, Falkmer T. Investigating the driving performance of drivers with and without autism spectrum disorders under complex driving conditions. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:1-8. [PMID: 28845700 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1370498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the driving performance of drivers with autism spectrum disorders under complex driving conditions. METHOD Seventeen drivers with autism spectrum disorders and 18 typically developed drivers participated in a driving simulator trial. Prior to the assessment, participants completed the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire and measurements of cognitive and visual-motor ability. The driving simulation involved driving in an urban area with dense traffic and unpredictable events. RESULTS In comparison with the typically developed group, drivers with autism spectrum disorders reported significantly more lapses in driving, committed more mistakes on the driving simulator, and were slower to react in challenging situations, such as driving through intersections with abrupt changes in traffic lights. However, they were also less likely to tailgate other vehicles, as measured by time-to-collision between vehicles, on the driving simulator. CONCLUSIONS The performances of licensed drivers with autism spectrum disorders appeared to be safer in respect to car-following distance but were poorer in their response to challenging traffic situations. Driver education for individuals with autism spectrum disorders should focus on quick identification of hazards, prompt execution of responses, and effective allocation of attention to reduce lapses in driving. Implications for rehabilitation Drivers with autism spectrum disorders reported significantly more lapses during driving. Drivers with autism spectrum disorders were observed to be poorer in traffic scenarios requiring critical response. Driver education for individuals with autism spectrum disorders should focus on managing anxiety and effective attention allocation while driving. Driving simulators can be used as a safe means for training critical response to challenging traffic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derserri Yan Ting Chee
- a School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - Hoe Chung Yeung Lee
- a School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - Ann-Helen Patomella
- b Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Falkmer
- c Office of the Pro Vice Chancellor Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , Australia.,d Department of Medicine and Health Sciences (IMH), Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences , Linkoping University & Pain and Rehabilitation Centre , Linkoping , Sweden
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Curioni A, Minio-Paluello I, Sacheli LM, Candidi M, Aglioti SM. Autistic traits affect interpersonal motor coordination by modulating strategic use of role-based behavior. Mol Autism 2017; 8:23. [PMID: 28616126 PMCID: PMC5466762 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the fact that deficits in social communication and interaction are at the core of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC), no study has yet tested individuals on a continuum from neurotypical development to autism in an on-line, cooperative, joint action task. In our study, we aimed to assess whether the degree of autistic traits affects participants' ability to modulate their motor behavior while interacting in a Joint Grasping task and according to their given role. Methods Sixteen pairs of adult participants played a cooperative social interactive game in which they had to synchronize their reach-to-grasp movements. Pairs were comprised of one ASC and one neurotypical with no cognitive disability. In alternate experimental blocks, one participant knew what action to perform (instructed role) while the other had to infer it from his/her partner’s action (adaptive role). When in the adaptive condition, participants were told to respond with an action that was either opposite or similar to their partner. Participants also played a non-social control game in which they had to synchronize with a non-biological stimulus. Results In the social interactive task, higher degree of autistic traits predicted less ability to modulate joint action according to one’s interactive role. In the non-social task, autistic traits did not predict differences in movement preparation and planning, thus ruling out the possibility that social interactive task results were due to basic motor or executive function difficulties. Furthermore, when participants played the non-social game, the higher their autistic traits, the more they were interfered by the non-biological stimulus. Conclusions Our study shows for the first time that high autistic traits predict a stereotypical interaction style when individuals are required to modulate their movements in order to coordinate with their partner according to their role in a joint action task. Specifically, the infrequent emergence of role-based motor behavior modulation during on-line motor cooperation in participants with high autistic traits sheds light on the numerous difficulties ASC have in nonverbal social interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0141-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Curioni
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, October 6 Street, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ilaria Minio-Paluello
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Maria Sacheli
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMi), Bicocca University of Milan, Piazza dell' Ateneo Nuovo 1, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Candidi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Maria Aglioti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy
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45
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Samaritter R, Payne H. Through the Kinesthetic Lens: Observation of Social Attunement in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Behav Sci (Basel) 2017; 7:E14. [PMID: 28335467 PMCID: PMC5371758 DOI: 10.3390/bs7010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper will present a movement-informed perspective to social attunement in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). BACKGROUND Dance movement therapy (DMT) is a psychotherapeutic intervention that is used with participants with ASD in various settings. Regular clinical outcome monitoring in an outpatient setting in the Netherlands had shown positive effects on social attunement capacities in young people with ASD. However, a systematic study of the development of social attunement movement behaviors of participants with ASD throughout a DMT intervention was not yet available. METHODS A series of individual cases of DMT with young people with ASD (mean age 12.2 years.) were analyzed for changes in interpersonal movement behaviors employing video-based retrospective observation. RESULTS The findings were summarized in an observation scale for interpersonal movement behaviors. This scale was then tested for its applicability for the monitoring of social attunement behaviors throughout therapy. DISCUSSION A movement-informed perspective may be helpful to inventory changes in social attunement behaviors in participants with ASD. The relevance of a movement-informed perspective for the concept of social attunement in ASD will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemarie Samaritter
- Codarts University of the Arts, MA Arts Therapies, Kruisplein 26, 3012 CC Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- KenVaK Research Centre for the Arts Therapies, PO Box 550, 6400 AN Heerlen, The Netherlands.
| | - Helen Payne
- School of Education, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9EU, UK.
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46
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Disentangling Neural Sources of the Motor Interference Effect in High Functioning Autism: An EEG-Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 47:690-700. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Dufek JS, Eggleston JD, Harry JR, Hickman RA. A Comparative Evaluation of Gait between Children with Autism and Typically Developing Matched Controls. Med Sci (Basel) 2017; 5:medsci5010001. [PMID: 29099017 PMCID: PMC5635776 DOI: 10.3390/medsci5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anecdotal reports suggest children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ambulate differently than peers with typical development (TD). Little empirical evidence supports these reports. Children with ASD exhibit delayed motor skills, and it is important to determine whether or not motor movement deficits exist during walking. The purpose of the study was to perform a comprehensive lower-extremity gait analysis between children (aged 5-12 years) with ASD and age- and gender-matched-samples with TD. Gait parameters were normalized to 101 data points and the gait cycle was divided into seven sub-phases. The Model Statistic procedure was used to test for statistical significance between matched-pairs throughout the entire gait cycle for each parameter. When collapsed across all participants, children with ASD exhibited large numbers of significant differences (p < 0.05) throughout the gait cycle in hip, knee, and ankle joint positions as well as vertical and anterior/posterior ground reaction forces. Children with ASD exhibited unique differences throughout the gait cycle, which supports current literature on the heterogeneity of the disorder. The present work supports recent findings that motor movement differences may be a core symptom of ASD. Thus, individuals may benefit from therapeutic movement interventions that follow precision medicine guidelines by accounting for individual characteristics, given the unique movement differences observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet S Dufek
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Jeffrey D Eggleston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - John R Harry
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| | - Robbin A Hickman
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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Cook J. From movement kinematics to social cognition: the case of autism. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:rstb.2015.0372. [PMID: 27069049 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The way in which we move influences our ability to perceive, interpret and predict the actions of others. Thus movements play an important role in social cognition. This review article will appraise the literature concerning movement kinematics and motor control in individuals with autism, and will argue that movement differences between typical and autistic individuals may contribute to bilateral difficulties in reciprocal social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cook
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Purpura G, Fulceri F, Puglisi V, Masoni P, Contaldo A. Motor coordination impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder: a pilot study using Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 Checklist. Minerva Pediatr 2016; 72:22-29. [PMID: 27733748 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.16.04633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience diverse motor difficulties that appear closely related to the severity of symptomatology, including repetitive behaviors. Therefore, motor assessment in ASD has crucial relevance in order to plan a specific intervention. The aim of this study is to assess and describe the motor functioning in school-aged children with ASD and to evaluate the relationship between their motor profile and clinical features. METHODS The Movement Assessment Battery for Children - second edition (M-ABC2) Checklist was administered to twenty children with ASD, aged between 5 and 13.5 years. The motor profile of the sample was analyzed and then the relationship between the motor functioning and the clinical characteristics of subjects (age, treatment duration, intellectual functioning and repetitive behaviors) was investigated. RESULTS Seventy percent of our sample has motor difficulties, especially in aiming and catching skills, balance and manual dexterity. Poorer performance was related to a higher frequency and intensity of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Motor difficulties in children with ASD affect specific skills that imply the ability to integrate the perception with the action for anticipating and controlling the movement in a well-coordinated way. This result, along with the finding of an increased severity of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors in these children, emphasizes the close link between motor and "core" symptoms in ASD.
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Scharoun SM, Bryden PJ. Anticipatory Planning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Assessment of Independent and Joint Action Tasks. Front Integr Neurosci 2016; 10:29. [PMID: 27601983 PMCID: PMC4993991 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2016.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. Although not a diagnostic feature, motor impairments have been recently acknowledged as prevalent and significant, such that these children have difficulties planning, organizing and coordinating movements. This study aimed to further investigate anticipatory motor planning in children with ASD by means of assessing end- and beginning-state comfort, considering inconsistent reports of end-state comfort in independent action, and the study of beginning-state comfort being limited to one study with young adults. Five- to eleven-year-old children with ASD, and chronologically age- and sex-matched typically-developing children picked-up a glass and: (1) poured a cup of water; and (2) passed it to the researcher to pour a cup of water. End-state comfort was deemed evident if participants grasped the glass thumb-down followed by a 180° rotation; therefore ending with a thumb-up posture. Beginning-state comfort was deemed evident if participants passed the glass to the researcher oriented upright. Findings revealed less end-state comfort in children with ASD, attributed to motor planning deficits. Beginning-state comfort did not differ, ascribed to the habitual nature of the task; therefore reflecting a stimulus-driven response as opposed to an action which reflects anticipatory planning. The findings support difficulties with motor planning and control for children with ASD in an independent task. However, when acting with a familiar object in joint action, behavior does not differ, likely indicative of a habitual, stimulus-driven response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Scharoun
- Department of Kinesiology, University of WaterlooWaterloo, ON, Canada; Department of Kinesiology and Physical Activity, Wilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela J Bryden
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Activity, Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo, ON, Canada
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