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Alehagen L, Bölte S, Black MH. Application of the international classification of functioning, disability, and health in autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A scoping review. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241272044. [PMID: 39183470 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241272044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) is a framework designed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to help different sectors, such as healthcare, social services, education, and policy, understand how people with health-related issues function (do the things they want to and need to do) in their daily lives. This framework has also been used to guide clinical practice and research in autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To make it more practical, shorter versions of the ICF called Core Sets have been developed. We wanted to explore how the ICF and the ICF Core Sets have been used in research relating to autism and ADHD. We looked at the research that had been previously published on this topic by conducting a systematic search and review. Seventy-eight studies meeting our criteria were included in our review. Results show that the ICF has been applied in many ways across various contexts. However, most of the research has focused on autism, mainly involving children. The review highlights that although the ICF was used in some studies, the underlying philosophies of the framework were not always followed. The medical perspective still influenced the way research was done and interpreted. Nevertheless, using the ICF in the right way can help shift research on neurodevelopmental conditions like autism and ADHD toward a more holistic approach, moving away from solely focusing on medical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sven Bölte
- Karolinska Institutet and Region Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin University, Australia
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Simpson K, Adams D. Parent-reported environmental factors and strategies to support home and community participation in children on the autism spectrum. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:3970-3979. [PMID: 37772748 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2261843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Participating in home and community activities can be influenced by environmental factors and parent strategies. Children on the autism spectrum are reported to participate less in home and community activities than their neurotypical peers. Little is known about environmental factors that may influence their participation, and ways parents support their child's participation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Parents of children on the autism spectrum aged 5-6 years (n = 72) and 10-11 years (n = 94) completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth. This study reports on the perceived support, barriers, and resources in the home and the community environment. Parents reported strategies they used to support their child's participation in home and the community. RESULTS Home environmental factors were identified as more supportive by the parents of younger children. The sensory quality of activities and social demands were factors identified as making community participation harder for both groups. Parents used a range of different strategies in the home and the community to support their child's participation. CONCLUSIONS Identifying environmental barriers and supports to participation can assist in developing interventions to support meaningful participation in activities for children on the autism spectrum.Implications for rehabilitationSkills required for the activity and preferences of children on the autism spectrum are important considerations when supporting their participation in activities.When exploring a child's level of participation, it may be helpful to ask parents about what their child can do with or without their support.The sensory quality of the environment is a consideration when supporting the participation of children on the autism spectrum in community activities.As sensory processing is an individual experience, the impact of sensory elements of the environment may differ for individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Simpson
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Autism Centre of Excellence, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Educational Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dawn Adams
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Autism Centre of Excellence, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Educational Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Ghahramani S, Hassani Mehraban A, Alizadeh Zarei M, Ghahramani S. Occupational Therapy Outcome Measures in Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Scoping Review. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024:15394492241246547. [PMID: 38682488 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241246547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), early assessment of preschool children is vital for occupational therapists. This scoping review aimed to provide detailed information about outcome measures used in occupational therapy interventions in preschool children with ASD and map the focus of the outcome measures based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) components. A thorough search from 2000 to 2022 was conducted that employed ICF linking rules to categorize the outcome measures. Seventy-four outcome measures were identified. They predominantly targeted body function and activity/participation, with less emphasis on environmental factors, and none assessed body structure. The most common measures were Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS-2), Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF). This study offers a diverse array of outcome measures and underscores the potential of the ICF framework in enhancing evaluations, particularly concerning broader environmental components as one of the primary facilitating/hindering factors in the participation of children with ASD.
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Chamberlain A, D'Arcy E, Whitehouse AJ, Wallace K, Hayden-Evans M, Girdler S, Milbourn B, Bölte S, Evans K. Reliability, Validity and Acceptability of the PEDI-CAT with ASD Scales for Australian Children and Youth on the Autism Spectrum. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06366-7. [PMID: 38678516 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The PEDI-CAT (ASD) is used to assess functioning of children and youth on the autism spectrum; however, current psychometric evidence is limited. This study aimed to explore the reliability, validity and acceptability of the PEDI-CAT (ASD) using a large Australian sample. METHODS Caregivers of 134 children and youth on the spectrum participated in clinical assessments involving the administration of the PEDI-CAT (ASD), Vineland-3, PEDI-CAT (Original) and a feedback instrument. The PEDI-CAT (ASD) content was compared to the ICF Core Sets for ASD to summarize areas of functioning assessed and relevance to autism. RESULTS The PEDI-CAT (ASD) demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency and test-re-test reliability. Parallel forms reliability with the PEDI-CAT (Original) included significant correlations (good to excellent), however, t-tests showed significantly higher Social/Cognitive scores for the ASD version. Convergent validity results demonstrated that most PEDI-CAT (ASD) and Vineland-3 core domains were significantly correlated (poor to good). Content analysis revealed that the PEDI-CAT (ASD) covered less than half of the ICF Core Sets for ASD (mostly Activities and Participation codes). Just over half the codes assigned to the PEDI-CAT (ASD) were represented in the ICF Core Sets for ASD. Feedback on the acceptability of the measure was mixed, but overall was it was considered user-friendly and efficient. CONCLUSION The PEDI-CAT (ASD) had adequate psychometric properties and acceptability as a measure of Activities and Participation codes. However, it lacks comprehensiveness and relevance when compared to the ICF Core Sets for ASD and has the potential to overestimate functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Chamberlain
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emily D'Arcy
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew Jo Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Maya Hayden-Evans
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Benjamin Milbourn
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sven Bölte
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kiah Evans
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.
- Autism CRC, Brisbane, Australia.
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Marcilla-Jorda M, Grande C, Coelho V, Rubio-Belmonte C, Moro-Ipola M. Sensory Profile-2 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Analysis within the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06337-y. [PMID: 38613593 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in many functional areas requiring long-term interventions to promote autonomy. This study aims to map The Sensory Profile™ 2 (SP-2), one of the most widely used assessment tools in children with ASD, with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). This will allow the identification of the functional dimensions covered by this instrument and the comparison with the ICF shortlist proposed for autism (ICF Core Set [ICF-CS]). The deductive content analysis described in the ICF Linking Rules was followed, along with a systematized process including statistical and reasoning techniques that could contribute to the improvement of ICF linking studies (Cohen's Kappa and percentage of agreement). 218 codes were identified, 71% of them were codes related to the body functions chapters, mainly linked to perceptual functions (b160), emotional functions (b152), and temperament and personality functions (b126). Concerning activities and participation chapters (29%) the most frequently used codes were: focusing attention (d160), carrying out daily routine (d230), and walking (d450). Even though the SP-2 items do not assess most of the functional features regarded as essential in the ASD ICF-CS, SP-2 encompasses a majority of problems concerning body functions. This instrument may be considered as part of a multidimensional assessment approach, to complement other sources that are more likely to assess activity and participation dimensions and guide a functional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catarina Grande
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Coelho
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade da Maia, Maia, Portugal
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Micaela Moro-Ipola
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castello de la Plana, Spain.
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Hayden-Evans M, Evans K, Milbourn B, D'Arcy E, Chamberlain A, Afsharnejad B, Whitehouse A, Bölte S, Girdler S. Validating the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for Autism in a Sample of Australian School-Aged Children on the Spectrum. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06295-5. [PMID: 38400895 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Assessing functioning of children on the autism spectrum is necessary to determine the level of support they require to participate in everyday activities across contexts. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a comprehensive biopsychosocial framework recommended for classifying health-related functioning in a holistic manner, across the components of body functions, activities and participation, and environmental factors. The ICF Core Sets (ICF-CSs) are sub-sets of relevant codes from the broader framework that provide a basis for developing condition-specific measures. This study combined the ICF-CSs for autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cerebral palsy (CP) to validate the ICF-CSs for autism in an Australian sample of school-aged children. This cross-sectional study involved caregivers of school-aged children on the spectrum (n = 70) completing an online survey and being visited in their homes by an occupational therapist to complete the proxy-report measure based on the ICF-CSs for autism, ADHD and CP. Absolute and relative frequencies of ratings for each of the codes included in the measure were calculated and reported, along with the number of participants who required clarification to understand the terminology used. Findings indicate that the body functions and activities and participation represented in the ICF-CSs for autism were the most applicable for the sample. However, findings relating to environmental factors were less conclusive. Some codes not currently included in the ICF-CSs for autism may warrant further investigation, and the language used in measures based on the ICF-CSs should be revised to ensure clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Hayden-Evans
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia.
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia.
| | - Kiah Evans
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
- School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin Milbourn
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
| | - Emily D'Arcy
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
| | - Angela Chamberlain
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
| | - Bahareh Afsharnejad
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
| | - Andrew Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Sven Bölte
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, 104 31, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, 104 31, Sweden
| | - Sonya Girdler
- Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Australia
- , Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane, QLD, 4850, Australia
- School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, 104 31, Sweden
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Cashaback JGA, Allen JL, Chou AHY, Lin DJ, Price MA, Secerovic NK, Song S, Zhang H, Miller HL. NSF DARE-transforming modeling in neurorehabilitation: a patient-in-the-loop framework. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:23. [PMID: 38347597 PMCID: PMC10863253 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2023, the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Health (NIH) brought together engineers, scientists, and clinicians by sponsoring a conference on computational modelling in neurorehabiilitation. To facilitate multidisciplinary collaborations and improve patient care, in this perspective piece we identify where and how computational modelling can support neurorehabilitation. To address the where, we developed a patient-in-the-loop framework that uses multiple and/or continual measurements to update diagnostic and treatment model parameters, treatment type, and treatment prescription, with the goal of maximizing clinically-relevant functional outcomes. This patient-in-the-loop framework has several key features: (i) it includes diagnostic and treatment models, (ii) it is clinically-grounded with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and patient involvement, (iii) it uses multiple or continual data measurements over time, and (iv) it is applicable to a range of neurological and neurodevelopmental conditions. To address the how, we identify state-of-the-art and highlight promising avenues of future research across the realms of sensorimotor adaptation, neuroplasticity, musculoskeletal, and sensory & pain computational modelling. We also discuss both the importance of and how to perform model validation, as well as challenges to overcome when implementing computational models within a clinical setting. The patient-in-the-loop approach offers a unifying framework to guide multidisciplinary collaboration between computational and clinical stakeholders in the field of neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua G A Cashaback
- Biomedical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Biome chanics and Movement Science Program, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave, Newark, DE, 19711, USA.
| | - Jessica L Allen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | | | - David J Lin
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, Providence, USA
| | - Mark A Price
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA
| | - Natalija K Secerovic
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Mihajlo Pupin Institute, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Neuroengineering, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seungmoon Song
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Haohan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Haylie L Miller
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 830 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Gikaro JM, Zhu ZY, Shan HH, Liu SG, Lin F. Simplified functioning assessment for low back pain: ICF-based item response theory modelling. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023; 59:731-742. [PMID: 38214044 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.23.08003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the growing interest of the item response theory (IRT) in assessment of person abilities and functioning difficulties in screening tools, there is scarcity of research using IRT on ICF-based tools for persons with low back pain (LBP). AIM To generate and validate a parsimonious core set of ICF (PCSI) for LBP based on the IRT modelling. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Nine hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. POPULATION We recruited patients with LBP. METHODS All participants completed the 78 items of the comprehensive ICF Core Set for LBP. The five-point scoring system was converted to dichotomous data with 1 as functioning/independent and 0 as impairment/dependent. Psychometric properties of the data were examined using Mokken Scale analysis and parametric item response modelling. RESULTS This study recruited 306 participants (185 females and 121 males) with LBP. The overall median age of the study participants was 50.28 (95% CI 23.34; 82.05) years. We constructed a three-parameter logistic model with 28 ICF categories (8 of body function, 18 of activities and participation, and two of body structures). The internal consistency was good with Cronbach's alpha = 0.927 and latent class reliability coefficient (LCRC) = 0.955. The model was validated by significant correlations (P<0.001) of its estimated person abilities with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI, r=-0.41), the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ, r=-0.57), the Physical Component Summary (PCS, r=0.63), and the Mental Component Summary (MCS, r = 0.46) of 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12). The person abilities and item difficulties were integrated into a Wright map that offered a background for making individualized clinical decisions. CONCLUSIONS The PCSI of LBP with 28 categories has good construct validity and internal consistency, and is a convenient instrument for assessing functioning among persons with LBP. The IRT model provided theoretical and algorithmic support for deriving a simplified model for functioning assessment hence serving a basis for formulating rehabilitation plans in clinical practice and research. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT A parsimonious core set of ICF (PCSI) for LBP based on the IRT modelling provides a background for making individualized clinical decisions based on item difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Gikaro
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Yan Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Hui Shan
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shou-Guo Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Lin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China -
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zakirova-Engstrand R, Roll-Pettersson L, Andersson K, Larsson H, Allodi Westling M, Hirvikoski T. Group Psychoeducational Intervention for Grandparents of Young Children with ASD: An Open Feasibility Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:808-824. [PMID: 34247300 PMCID: PMC8272608 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This initial open feasibility trial reports on feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the manualized, group-based psychoeducational intervention for grandparents of preschool-aged children with ASD provided by the outpatient habilitation services in Stockholm, Sweden. One hundred and twenty non-custodial grandparents participated in a 6-h intervention program. The study demonstrated good feasibility: 114 (95%) grandparents completed both pre- and post-intervention measures and evaluations and reported high intervention acceptability. The results also indicated that grandparents increased their knowledge about ASD from pre-intervention to post-intervention, gained skills about strategies of supporting their grandchildren and adult children, and appreciated the opportunity to meet and share experiences with other grandparents. Follow-up with a randomized controlled trial design is needed to firmly establish efficacy of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helena Larsson
- Habilitation & Health, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Tatja Hirvikoski
- Habilitation & Health, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden ,Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet (KIND), Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,Center for Psychiatry Research, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Golos A, Ben-Zur H, Chapani SI. Participation in preschool activities of children with autistic spectrum disorder and comparison to typically developing children. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 127:104252. [PMID: 35569171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation is essential to children's development and is a major focus of intervention. This study aimed to describe the participation patterns of children with ASD, in comparison to typically developing (TD) children. METHODS 70 preschoolers participated: 33 children with ASD, attending non-inclusive-education settings; and 37 TD children, attending mainstream educational settings. Two occupational therapists assessed their participation through structured observations in self-care activities, play, learning, and social participation areas; demographic and environmental questionnaires were also completed. RESULTS In the ASD group, frequency of participation was found to be significantly higher in ADL and learning than in other areas; level of performance was found to be significantly lower in social participation than in other areas. The TD group scored significantly higher than did the ASD group in most areas and scales. Initial findings tentatively showed that a structured educational environment for children with ASD may increase participation frequency. CONCLUSIONS The findings are consistent with recognized disabilities in play and social participation among children with ASD, and their limitations in participation, compared to their TD peers in most areas. Further studies are needed to evaluate additional psychometric properties of the different scales, and the impact of educational environments on participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Golos
- OTR, Head of Environment, Culture and Participation in Community Laboratory, School of Occupational Therapy , Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Hadas Ben-Zur
- OTR, Ministry of Education and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sophi Itkin Chapani
- OTR, ALUT organization and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Song W, Nonnemacher SL, Miller KK, Anderson K, Shea LL. Living arrangements and satisfaction of current arrangement among autistic adults reported by autistic individuals or their caregivers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 35:1174-1185. [DOI: 10.1111/jar.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- College of Public Health Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Stacy L. Nonnemacher
- Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, Office of Developmental Programs Bureau of Supports for Autism and Special Populations Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kaitlin Koffer Miller
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Policy and Analytics Center Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kristy Anderson
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Lindsay L. Shea
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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12
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Filho JCA, Rocha LP, Cavalcanti FC, Marinho PE. Relevant functioning aspects and environmental factors for adults and seniors undergoing hemodialysis: A qualitative study. Chronic Illn 2022; 18:206-217. [PMID: 32727201 DOI: 10.1177/1742395320945200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify which functioning, personal and environmental factors are more relevant to adults in hemodialysis treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected by semi-structured interview, recorded, transcribed in full, verified and produced by Bardin Thematic content analysis. Two independent researchers identified the relevant themes and named the thematic categories found according to the coding of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). RESULTS Six men and three women aged between 32-65 years were interviewed, with per capita family income between 1-2.9 minimum salaries and hemodialysis treatment time between 5 to 26 years. Fifty-seven ICF categories were listed: 17 Body Functions, 9 Body Structures, 21 Activities and Participation, and 10 Environmental Factors. Health, transportation and general social support services, systems and policies; doing housework; recreation and leisure; emotional functions, temperament and personality functions; energy and drive functions; sensation of pain; and structures of the cardiovascular system, lower extremity and musculoskeletal structures related to movement were the most reported aspects by the participants. CONCLUSION Patients' need for physical/emotional support from their partners, friends and health professionals, including emotional and social support, with health policies, transportation and job maintenance, in order to increase their survival and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Araújo Filho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Luana P Rocha
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | | | - Patrícia Em Marinho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
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13
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Krisi M, Eckhaus E, Nagar R. Developing a Multilevel Scale to Assess Retention of Workers with Disabilities. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:138-146. [PMID: 34106379 PMCID: PMC8188760 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Persons with disabilities (PwD) face difficulties in employment. Despite extensive research on PwD in the workplace, there is lack of research on the factors behind retaining or terminating the job of a PwD. This study aims to address this gap by developing the Retaining Workers with Disability (RWD) model. Method Predicated on 1032 respondents with employment decision authority, we performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for convergent and discriminant validity of the RWD model. Next, we developed the two-rank model RWD-II and employed CFA for validation. Results We presented a dual-facet measurement tool for assessing employer attitudes towards retaining PwD in the workplace. Two dominant factors were measured, direct and indirect work-related items. Indices for both models (one and two-rank) showed a good fit. Conclusion Our study highlighted two major factors influencing managers in the decision-making process of retaining workers with disabilities as follows: direct and indirect work-related concerns. The measure was validated using the RWD scale. By providing the tool to identify attitudes towards PwD work retention, we offer the first step in identifying and changing a negative approach toward this population in the workplace. Practical contributions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Krisi
- Department of Education, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Eyal Eckhaus
- Department of Economics & Business Administration, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Revital Nagar
- Department of English as a Foreign Language, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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14
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Gentles S, Duku E, Kerns C, McVey AJ, Hunsche MC, Ng Cordell EC, Bednar ED, Banfield L, Szatmari P, Georgiades S. Trajectory research in children on the autism spectrum: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053443. [PMID: 34810191 PMCID: PMC8609941 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Longitudinal trajectory methods, featuring outcome assessments at three or more time points, are increasingly being used as appropriate approaches to understand developmental pathways of people on the autism spectrum across the lifespan. Understanding the scope of this rapidly expanding body of research can help inform future trajectory studies and identify areas for potential meta-analysis as well as key evidence gaps. We present the protocol for a scoping review whose objective is to identify and summarise the scope of research that uses a longitudinal trajectory study design to examine development in children diagnosed with autism. Specifically, we will identify outcome domains and age intervals that have been well characterised, areas where further research is needed and the historical use of various longitudinal trajectory analytical approaches. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We outline the methods for the proposed scoping review according to the framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, with subsequent clarifications and enhancements by other authors. Using a search strategy developed by a medical librarian, we will search six databases for relevant publications. Titles and abstracts will be screened in duplicate, followed by full-text screening. Data extraction fields developed predominantly a priori from a set of guiding subquestions will be used to chart relevant data. The findings will include quantitative aggregate summaries, narrative summaries, and appraisal of trajectory studies according to our methodological subquestions. We will consult autistic self-advocate and parent-caregiver stakeholders to facilitate interpretation of the findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Research ethics approval is not required for this scoping review. The results will be presented to researcher, care professional, policy-maker and stakeholder audiences at local and international conferences, other dissemination activities and published in a peer-reviewed journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Gentles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Duku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor Kerns
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alana J McVey
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michelle C Hunsche
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elise C Ng Cordell
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E Dmitra Bednar
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Oliveira KSC, Fontes DE, Longo E, Leite HR, Camargos ACR. Motor Skills are Associated with Participation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 53:1403-1412. [PMID: 34669103 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) generally have a delay in the development of motor skills when compared to typical children, however, to date, no study has investigated whether motor limitations can interfere in the participation of these children. The objectives of this study were: verify if the motor skills can explain the frequency, the percentage of number of activities, the involvement and the desire to change in participation at home, school and community of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and; identify if contextual factors would modify the association between motor skills and participation outcomes. The participation and the motor skills were evaluated in 30 children with ASD between 5 and 10 years old. Participation outcomes were measured by the Participation and Environment Measure-Children and Youth (PEM-CY) and the motor skills were assessed by the Timed Up and Go, Timed Up and Down Stairs, Test of Gross Motor Development-2nd edition and Pediatric Balance Scale. The results of the study demonstrated that the motor skills of the locomotion, objects control, change position and balance explained participation outcomes of children with ASD classified from mild to moderate, between 5 and 10 years old. Moreover, the sex variable modified the association between the motor skills and the school participation, with girls performing less activities at this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Simone Caires Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e do Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Déborah Ebert Fontes
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy (EEFFTO), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Egmar Longo
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN-FACISA), Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e do Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy (EEFFTO), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e do Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy (EEFFTO), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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16
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Thompson C, Milbourn B, Taylor JL, Falkmer T, Bölte S, Evans K, Girdler S. Experiences of Parents of Specialist Peer Mentored Autistic University Students. Dev Neurorehabil 2021; 24:368-378. [PMID: 33588672 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2021.1886190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRCTBackground: Parents continue to support to autistic university students, and consequently, experience considerable stress.Aim: To explore the experiences of parents of specialist peer mentored university students and to examine these using the ICF as a theoretical framework.Method: Thirteen semi-structured interviews were completed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Directive content analysis linked the data to the ICF core set for autism spectrum disorders (ASD).Results: Five interrelated themes emerged: The mentoring relationship is a facilitator, Developing skills for university, Mentoring changes lives, Mentoring is not a substitute for other supports, and University is an emotional rollercoaster. Specialist peer mentoring was linked to Activity and Participation (44%) and Environmental factors (32%) of the ICF core set for ASD.Conclusion: These results add to the specialist peer mentoring evidence-base, and indicate perceived benefits for autistic university students and their parents. An unintended consequence was that parents broadened their participation in activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thompson
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - B Milbourn
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J L Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - T Falkmer
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - S Bölte
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Evans
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S Girdler
- Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Napoli SB, Vitale MP, Cafiero PJ, Micheletti MB, Bradichansky PP, Lejarraga C, Urinovsky MG, Escalante A, Rodriguez E, Schiariti V. Developing a Culturally Sensitive ICF-Based Tool to Describe Functioning of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: TEA-CIFunciona Version 1.0 Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3720. [PMID: 33918291 PMCID: PMC8038152 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects the daily functioning of children and their families; however, in Argentina, there are no standardized tools to guide the description, evaluation, and follow-up of functioning and disability of children with ASD. To fill this gap, the overarching purpose of this study was to create a novel tool guided by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Core Sets for ASD for clinical practice. METHODS A multistep methodology was used to identify the most relevant ICF categories for an Argentinian clinical setting. The content of this ICF-based shortlist was piloted and revised according to the results. Subsequently, a toolbox of measures was proposed to operationalize each ICF category. Finally, profiles of the functioning of 100 children with ASD were created. RESULTS An ICF-based tool called TEA-CIFunciona was created, consisting of 32 ICF categories (10 body functions, 15 activities and participation, 7 environmental factors categories). The application of TEA-CIFunciona incorporated a family-centered approach in ASD evaluations and helped identify functional needs. CONCLUSIONS TEA-CIFunciona is the first ICF-based instrument that guides the description of functioning of children with ASD in Argentina. TEA-CIFunciona standardizes collaborative assessments in pediatric ASD populations in Latin American contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana B. Napoli
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - María Paula Vitale
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Pablo J. Cafiero
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - María Belén Micheletti
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Paula Pedernera Bradichansky
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Celina Lejarraga
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Maria Gabriela Urinovsky
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Anabella Escalante
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Estela Rodriguez
- Division of Interdisciplinary Clinics, Child Developmental Pediatric Unit, Children Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires C 1245 AAM C.A.B.A, Argentina; (M.P.V.); (P.J.C.); (M.B.M.); (P.P.B.); (C.L.); (M.G.U.); (A.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Verónica Schiariti
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada;
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18
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Busti Ceccarelli S, Ferrante C, Gazzola E, Marzocchi GM, Nobile M, Molteni M, Crippa A. Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A 10-Year Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E250. [PMID: 33238562 PMCID: PMC7700578 DOI: 10.3390/children7110250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, converging evidence has suggested that motor impairment is one of the most consistent markers, alongside sociocommunicative difficulties, for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Indeed, widespread anomalies of movement have been described in the ASD context. These motor abnormalities could have critical implications for subsequent cognitive and social development. Nevertheless, this area of development is particularly underexamined in the autism-related context, and early intervention programs commonly focus on the core symptoms of the condition. In the present work, we review and discuss the findings from recent studies that investigated the effect of interventions regarding fundamental motor skills in autistic children. Although the limited nature of the literature prevents researchers from drawing definitive conclusions, the results from the studies discussed here demonstrated potentially significant improvements in the motor abilities of autistic children after the interventions. Only a subset of the reviewed studies explored possible changes in the sociocommunicative domain after the motor skills improvements, and they had not concordant, although promising, conclusions. Overall, in consideration of the well-documented motor impairment people with the condition, the present findings highlight the importance of including motor skills training within the rehabilitation programs designed for autistic children. Furthermore, this narrative review encourages future interventional trials to consider motor skills as a possible target for reducing activity limitations and participation restrictions of autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Busti Ceccarelli
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.B.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (E.G.); (G.M.M.)
| | - Erica Gazzola
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (E.G.); (G.M.M.)
| | - Gian Marco Marzocchi
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (C.F.); (E.G.); (G.M.M.)
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.B.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.B.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandro Crippa
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.B.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.)
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19
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Leifler E, Carpelan G, Zakrevska A, Bölte S, Jonsson U. Does the learning environment 'make the grade'? A systematic review of accommodations for children on the autism spectrum in mainstream school. Scand J Occup Ther 2020; 28:582-597. [PMID: 33078981 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2020.1832145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adapted by the United Nations envisions inclusive and equitable quality education. While there is a growing body of research on interventions designed to help children on the autism spectrum adapt to the school environment, accommodations to children needs have been given less attention. OBJECTIVE To synthesize the literature on accommodations in the learning environment for children on the autism spectrum (ages 5-19 years) in mainstream school, with a specific focus on the effects on functioning, educational outcomes and well-being. METHODS A systematic search was conducted. The study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies were assessed according to the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards. RESULTS The search yielded 6102 citations. Only 37 eligible studies were identified, of which 14 met the WWC standards. This inconclusive and heterogeneous body of research tentatively suggest that accommodations in the pedagogical and psychosocial leaning environment can improve performance and function in school. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE Accommodations in the learning environment is a promising but understudied approach. Creative research and innovation will be needed to support policy makers and school personnel in their quest to ensure inclusive and equitable education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Leifler
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pedagogical, Curricular and Professional Studies, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Carpelan
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasiya Zakrevska
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Bölte
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden.,Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Ulf Jonsson
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Viljoen M, Mahdi S, Shelly J, de Vries PJ. Parental perspectives of functioning in their children with autism spectrum disorder: A global scoping review. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 25:176-198. [PMID: 32862674 DOI: 10.1177/1362361320950055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT No paper to date has summarized parents' views on the functional challenges and/or strengths of their children with autism spectrum disorder. In this review we set out to perform a scoping review aiming to (a) find and compare existing research from around the globe on parental perception of functioning and (b) summarize results from these papers using the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health-Child and Youth version framework. Since we know that the place and circumstances we live in can have a significant influence on our functioning in daily life, we were specifically interested in comparing perceptions from high-income countries and low-/middle-income countries. Two researchers conducted a comprehensive search of English studies published between 1990 and June 2016. Papers were summarized and key findings were linked to International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health-Child and Youth categories. Thirty-three studies were identified, of which most were conducted in high-income countries (n = 25/33, 76%) with only six studies in low/middle-income countries (n = 6/33, 18%). Two studies compared views from low/middle-income and high-income countries (n = 2/33, 6%). Functional themes from high-income countries included a range across the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health-Child and Youth framework while functional themes from low-/middle-income countries were mostly focused on environmental factors. It was difficult to directly compare studies from low/middle-income and high-income countries because they investigated and discussed such different parts of functioning. We suggest that future research should use an approach that will allow researchers to directly compare functional categories in order to get a more accurate impression of the impact of context on functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James Shelly
- Eastern Health Child & Youth Mental Health Service, Australia
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21
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Krieger B, Piškur B, Schulze C, Beurskens A, Moser A. Environmental pre-requisites and social interchange: the participation experience of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in Zurich. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 43:3789-3802. [PMID: 32356476 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1753248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Participation of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder hardly occurs in settings outside of home and school. Little is known about how their participation is influenced by environmental factors. This study explored how and why adolescents with autism spectrum disorder perceive aspects of their environment as facilitators or barriers to their participation outside of home and school.Method: This explanatory case study explored the participation experiences of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (15-21 years) from Zurich and surroundings with in-depth interviews and photo-elicitation, using photos made by the participants during activities outside of home and school. Data was analysed with a 7-step procedure.Result: The presence of two main themes seemed necessary to facilitate participation outside of home and school: "environmental prerequisites to attend activities", which consists of five subthemes, such as "the company of trusted persons" and "the provision of knowledge and information", and "social interchange and engagement", which consists of three subthemes and describes how actual involvement can be supported.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the influence of trusted persons on adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, and the need to extend the support network for these adolescents to other individuals, services and society so that their participation in activities can be encouraged.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAdolescents with autism spectrum disorder perceive every kind of participation outside of home and school as social.We recommend using the company of trusted persons to encourage adolescents with autism spectrum disorder to actively participate outside of home and school.Rehabilitation professionals should promote environment-based approaches to achieve participation of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.Rehabilitation professionals should actively approach, acknowledge and gently guide adolescents with autism spectrum disorder to support engagement in participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Krieger
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Piškur
- Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation for People with Chronic Illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Schulze
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Anna Beurskens
- Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation for People with Chronic Illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Albine Moser
- Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation for People with Chronic Illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands
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22
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Viljoen M, Mahdi S, Griessel D, Bölte S, de Vries PJ. Parent/caregiver perspectives of functioning in autism spectrum disorders: A comparative study in Sweden and South Africa. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2019; 23:2112-2130. [PMID: 31044605 DOI: 10.1177/1362361319829868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Functional outcomes in autism spectrum disorder can be highly variable given the heterogeneous nature of autism spectrum disorder and its interaction with environmental factors. We set out to compare parent/caregiver perceptions of functioning in two divergent countries that participated in the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for Autism Spectrum Disorder development study. We focused on the frequency and content of items reported, and hypothesized that environmental factors would most frequently be reported as barriers to functioning in low-resource settings. Using frequency and qualitative content analysis, we compared data from South Africa (n = 22) and Sweden (n = 13). Frequency agreement was seen in three activities and participation categories, and one environmental factor. Obvious frequency differences were observed in one environmental factors category, six body functions categories and three activities and participation categories. Only three ICF categories (immediate family, attention functions, products and technology for personal use) differed in content. Contrary to our hypotheses, few differences in perspectives about environmental factors emerged. The universality of our findings supports the global usefulness of the recently developed ICF Core Sets for Autism Spectrum Disorder. We recommend that more comparative studies on autism spectrum disorder and functioning should be conducted, and that similar comparisons in other disorders where Core Sets have been developed may be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soheil Mahdi
- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | | | - Sven Bölte
- Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Stockholm County Council, Sweden.,Curtin University, Western Australia
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23
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Deneault E, Faheem M, White SH, Rodrigues DC, Sun S, Wei W, Piekna A, Thompson T, Howe JL, Chalil L, Kwan V, Walker S, Pasceri P, Roth FP, Yuen RK, Singh KK, Ellis J, Scherer SW. CNTN5-/+or EHMT2-/+human iPSC-derived neurons from individuals with autism develop hyperactive neuronal networks. eLife 2019; 8:40092. [PMID: 30747104 PMCID: PMC6372285 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons are increasingly used to model Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. To study the complex relationship of penetrant and weaker polygenic risk variants to ASD, 'isogenic' iPSC-derived neurons are critical. We developed a set of procedures to control for heterogeneity in reprogramming and differentiation, and generated 53 different iPSC-derived glutamatergic neuronal lines from 25 participants from 12 unrelated families with ASD. Heterozygous de novo and rare-inherited presumed-damaging variants were characterized in ASD risk genes/loci. Combinations of putative etiologic variants (GLI3/KIF21A or EHMT2/UBE2I) in separate families were modeled. We used a multi-electrode array, with patch-clamp recordings, to determine a reproducible synaptic phenotype in 25% of the individuals with ASD (other relevant data on the remaining lines was collected). Our most compelling new results revealed a consistent spontaneous network hyperactivity in neurons deficient for CNTN5 or EHMT2. The biobank of iPSC-derived neurons and accompanying genomic data are available to accelerate ASD research. Editorial note This article has been through an editorial process in which authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deneault
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sean H White
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Deivid C Rodrigues
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Song Sun
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Wei
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alina Piekna
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tadeo Thompson
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Howe
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leon Chalil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Vickie Kwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Susan Walker
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Pasceri
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Frederick P Roth
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Canada
| | - Ryan Kc Yuen
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Karun K Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - James Ellis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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24
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Bal VH, Hendren RL, Charman T, Abbeduto L, Kasari C, Klinger LG, Ence W, Glavin T, Lyons G, Rosenberg E. Considerations from the 2017 IMFAR Preconference on Measuring Meaningful Outcomes from School-Age to Adulthood. Autism Res 2018; 11:1446-1454. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa H. Bal
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Robert L. Hendren
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Tony Charman
- King's College London; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN); London UK
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; University of California; Davis California
| | - Connie Kasari
- Center for Autism Research & Treatment; Graduate School of Education & Information Studies, University of California; Los Angles California
| | - Laura Grofer Klinger
- Department of Psychiatry, TEACCH Autism Program; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Whitney Ence
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Tara Glavin
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Gregory Lyons
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
| | - Erin Rosenberg
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry; University of California; San Francisco California
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25
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Bölte S, Mahdi S, de Vries PJ, Granlund M, Robison JE, Shulman C, Swedo S, Tonge B, Wong V, Zwaigenbaum L, Segerer W, Selb M. The Gestalt of functioning in autism spectrum disorder: Results of the international conference to develop final consensus International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health core sets. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2018; 23:449-467. [PMID: 29378422 PMCID: PMC6376609 DOI: 10.1177/1362361318755522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is associated with diverse social, educational, and
occupational challenges. To date, no standardized, internationally accepted
tools exist to assess autism spectrum disorder–related functioning. World Health
Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and
Health can serve as foundation for developing such tools. This study aimed to
identify a comprehensive, a common brief, and three age-appropriate brief autism
spectrum disorder Core Sets. Four international preparatory studies yielded in
total 164 second-level International Classification of Functioning, Disability
and Health candidate categories. Based on this evidence, 20 international autism
spectrum disorder experts applied an established iterative decision-making
consensus process to select from the candidate categories the most relevant ones
to constitute the autism spectrum disorder Core Sets. The consensus process
generated 111 second-level International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health categories in the Comprehensive Core Set for autism
spectrum disorder—one body structure, 20 body functions, 59 activities and
participation categories, and 31 environmental factors. The Common Brief Core
Set comprised 60 categories, while the age-appropriate core sets included 73
categories in the preschool version (0- to 5-year-old children), 81 in the
school-age version (6- to 16-year-old children and adolescents), and 79 in the
older adolescent and adult version (⩾17-year-old individuals). The autism
spectrum disorder Core Sets mark a milestone toward the standardized assessment
of autism spectrum disorder–related functioning in educational, administrative,
clinical, and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Bölte
- 1 Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,2 Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Soheil Mahdi
- 1 Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,2 Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa Selb
- 11 Swiss Paraplegic Research, Switzerland.,12 ICF Research Branch, Switzerland
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