1
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Pfleger A, Arc E, Grings M, Gnaiger E, Roach T. Flavodiiron proteins prevent the Mehler reaction in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149497. [PMID: 39048034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pfleger
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Austria
| | - Erwann Arc
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Austria
| | - Mateus Grings
- Oroboros Instruments GmbH, Schöpfstraße 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments GmbH, Schöpfstraße 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, Austria.
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2
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Theus ME, Layden TJ, McWilliams N, Crafton‐Tempel S, Kremer CT, Fey SB. Photoperiod influences the shape and scaling of freshwater phytoplankton responses to light and temperature. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Colin T. Kremer
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
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3
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Barten R, Chin-On R, de Vree J, van Beersum E, Wijffels RH, Barbosa M, Janssen M. Growth parameter estimation and model simulation for three industrially relevant microalgae: Picochlorum, Nannochloropsis, and Neochloris. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1416-1425. [PMID: 35119109 PMCID: PMC9303635 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple models have been developed in the field to simulate growth and product accumulation of microalgal cultures. These models heavily depend on the accurate estimation of growth parameters. In this paper growth parameters are presented for three industrially relevant microalgae species: Nannochloropsis sp., Neochloris oleoabundans, and Picochlorum sp. (BPE23). Dedicated growth experiments were done in photobioreactors to determine the maximal biomass yield on light and maintenance rate, while oxygen evolution experiments were performed to estimate the maximal specific growth rate. Picochlorum sp. exhibited the highest specific growth rate of 4.98 ± 0.24 day−1 and the lowest specific maintenance rate of 0.079 day−1, whereas N. oleoabundans showed the highest biomass yield on light of 1.78 gx·molph−1. The measured growth parameters were used in a simple kinetic growth model for verification. When simulating growth under light conditions as found at Bonaire (12 °N, 68° W), Picochlorum sp. displayed the highest areal biomass productivity of 32.2 g.m−2·day−1 and photosynthetic efficiency of 2.8%. The presented growth parameters show to be accurate compared to experimental data and can be used for model calibration by scientists and industrial communities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Barten
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rocca Chin-On
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Water- en Energiebedrijf Bonaire, Kralendijk, Bonaire
| | - Jeroen de Vree
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen van Beersum
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-8049, Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Janssen
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Neofotis P, Temple J, Tessmer OL, Bibik J, Norris N, Pollner E, Lucker B, Weraduwage SM, Withrow A, Sears B, Mogos G, Frame M, Hall D, Weissman J, Kramer DM. The induction of pyrenoid synthesis by hyperoxia and its implications for the natural diversity of photosynthetic responses in Chlamydomonas. eLife 2021; 10:67565. [PMID: 34936552 PMCID: PMC8694700 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In algae, it is well established that the pyrenoid, a component of the carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM), is essential for efficient photosynthesis at low CO2. However, the signal that triggers the formation of the pyrenoid has remained elusive. Here, we show that, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the pyrenoid is strongly induced by hyperoxia, even at high CO2 or bicarbonate levels. These results suggest that the pyrenoid can be induced by a common product of photosynthesis specific to low CO2 or hyperoxia. Consistent with this view, the photorespiratory by-product, H2O2, induced the pyrenoid, suggesting that it acts as a signal. Finally, we show evidence for linkages between genetic variations in hyperoxia tolerance, H2O2 signaling, and pyrenoid morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Neofotis
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Joshua Temple
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States.,Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Oliver L Tessmer
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Jacob Bibik
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Nicole Norris
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Eric Pollner
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Ben Lucker
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Sarathi M Weraduwage
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States.,Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Alecia Withrow
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Barbara Sears
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Greg Mogos
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Melinda Frame
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - David Hall
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Joseph Weissman
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil, Annandale, United States
| | - David M Kramer
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
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5
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Badr K, Whelan W, He QP, Wang J. Fast and easy quantitative characterization of methanotroph-photoautotroph cocultures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:703-714. [PMID: 33064298 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that synthetic methanotroph-photoautotroph cocultures offer a highly promising route to convert biogas into value-added products. However, there is a lack of techniques for fast and accurate characterization of cocultures, such as determining the individual biomass concentration of each organism in real-time. To address this unsolved challenge, we propose an experimental-computational protocol for fast, easy, and accurate quantitative characterization of the methanotroph-photoautotroph cocultures. Besides determining the individual biomass concentration of each organism in the coculture, the protocol can also obtain the individual consumption and production rates of O2 and CO2 for the methanotroph and photoautotroph, respectively. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed protocol was demonstrated using two model coculture pairs, Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20ZR-Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 that prefers high pH high salt condition, and Methylococcus capsulatus-Chlorella sorokiniana that prefers low salt and neutral pH medium. The performance of the proposed protocol was compared with a flow cytometry-based cell counting approach. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol is much easier to carry out and delivers faster and more accurate results in measuring individual biomass concentration than the cell counting approach without requiring any special equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiumars Badr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - William Whelan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Q Peter He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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6
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Andreotti V, Solimeno A, Rossi S, Ficara E, Marazzi F, Mezzanotte V, García J. Bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater with the microalgae Tetraselmis suecica: Semi-continuous experiments, simulation and photo-respirometric tests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139859. [PMID: 32534276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetraselmis suecica was cultivated in a semi-continuously operated tubular photobioreactor fed on aquaculture wastewater (AW) testing two hydraulic retention times (HRT): 10 and 7 days (RUN_1 and RUN_2, respectively). The integrated mechanistic model BIO_ALGAE was validated with experimental data in order to simulate the biomass production and nutrient uptake of T. suecica. Moreover, AW was used as substitute synthetic cultivation medium to test the production of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in the microalgal biomass. Preliminary photo-respirometric tests were carried out on the AW suspension containing microalgae and bacteria. Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) and Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus (DIP) were analyzed for the two RUNs, and no significant difference was highlighted (p > 0.05). On the contrary, the productivity of the Total suspended solids (TSS) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for RUN_1 (900 mg TSS/L) than for RUN_2 (550 mg TSS/L). The analysis of the biochemical composition of biomass has demonstrated a higher content of proteins than of lipids and carbohydrates for the two RUNs. BIO_ALGAE model was validated by comparing simulated results to experimental data. The model was able to reproduce the pattern of these experimental data quite well, for both nutrient uptake and biomass production. The simulated curve follows the same pattern as the experimental data for both RUNs. The wavelike trend indicates the good accuracy of the simulated curves to reproduce the microalgae growth and nutrient uptake that occurring during daytime and at night. With this study, BIO_ALGAE Model was demonstrated to be useful to simulate bioremediation and microalgae production in aquaculture wastewater in a semi-continuous system with different environmental factors. The photo-respirometric outputs were compared with the process rates affecting dissolved oxygen dynamics computed by the mathematical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Andreotti
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alessandro Solimeno
- Department of Biotechnology, Technological Institute of the Canary Islands (ITC), Playa de Pozo Izquierdo s/n, 35119, Pozo Izquierdo, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Simone Rossi
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Via Golgi, 39, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Ficara
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Via Golgi, 39, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Marazzi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mezzanotte
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Vidotti AD, Riaño-Pachón DM, Mattiello L, Giraldi LA, Winck FV, Franco TT. Analysis of autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic phenotypes in the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris using time-resolved proteomics and transcriptomics approaches. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Petrini S, Foladori P, Donati L, Andreottola G. Comprehensive respirometric approach to assess photosynthetic, heterotrophic and nitrifying activity in microalgal-bacterial consortia treating real municipal wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Carneiro M, Cicchi B, Maia I, Pereira H, Zittelli GC, Varela J, Malcata FX, Torzillo G. Effect of temperature on growth, photosynthesis and biochemical composition of Nannochloropsis oceanica, grown outdoors in tubular photobioreactors. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Integration of Microalgae Cultivation in a Biogas Production Process from Organic Municipal Solid Waste: From Laboratory to Pilot Scale. CHEMENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering4020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of integrating microalgae cultivation in a biogas production process that treats the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was investigated. In particular, the biomass growth performances in the liquid fraction of the digestate, characterized by high ammonia concentrations and turbidity, were assessed together with the nutrient removal efficiency. Preliminary laboratory-scale experiments were first carried out in photobioreactors operating in a continuous mode (Continuous-flow Stirred-Tank Reactor, CSTR), to gain preliminary data aimed at aiding the subsequent scaling up to a pilot scale facility. An outdoor experimental campaign, operated from July to October 2019, was then performed in a pilot scale raceway pond (4.5 m2), located in Arzignano (VI), Italy, to assess the performances under real environmental conditions. The results show that microalgae could grow well in this complex substrate, although dilution was necessary to enhance light penetration in the culture. In outdoor conditions, nitrification by autotrophic bacteria appeared to be significant, while the photosynthetic nitrogen removal was around 12% with respect to the inlet. On the other hand, phosphorus was almost completely removed from the medium under all the conditions tested, and a biomass production between 2–7 g m−2 d−1 was obtained.
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11
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Tuantet K, Temmink H, Zeeman G, Wijffels RH, Buisman CJ, Janssen M. Optimization of algae production on urine. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Schediwy K, Trautmann A, Steinweg C, Posten C. Microalgal kinetics - a guideline for photobioreactor design and process development. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:830-843. [PMID: 32624976 PMCID: PMC6999068 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetics generally describes bio‐(chemical) reaction rates in dependence on substrate concentrations. Kinetics for microalgae is often adapted from heterotrophs and lacks mechanistic foundation, e.g. for light harvesting. Using and understanding kinetic equations as the representation of intracellular mechanisms is essential for reasonable comparisons and simulations of growth behavior. Summarizing growth kinetics in one equation does not yield reliable models. Piecewise linear or rational functions may mimic photosynthesis irradiance response curves, but fail to represent the mechanisms. Our modeling approach for photoautotrophic growth comprises physical and kinetic modules with mechanistic foundation extracted from the literature. Splitting the light submodel into the modules for light distribution, light absorption, and photosynthetic sugar production with independent parameters allows the transfer of kinetics between different reactor designs. The consecutive anabolism depends among others on nutrient concentrations. The nutrient uptake kinetics largely impacts carbon partitioning in the reviewed stoichiometry range of cellular constituents. Consecutive metabolic steps mask each other and demand a maximum value understandable as the minimum principle of growth. These fundamental modules need to be clearly distinguished, but may be modified or extended based on process conditions and progress in research. First, discussion of kinetics helps to understand the physiological situation, for which ranges of parameter values are given. Second, kinetics should be used for photobioreactor design, but also for gassing and nutrient optimization. Numerous examples are given for both aspects. Finally, measuring kinetics more comprehensively and precisely will help in improved process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Schediwy
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | | | - Christian Steinweg
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Clemens Posten
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
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13
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Wang D, Lai YC, Karam AL, de Los Reyes FL, Ducoste JJ. Dynamic Modeling of Microalgae Growth and Lipid Production under Transient Light and Nitrogen Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11560-11568. [PMID: 31448917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new dynamic model to characterize how light and nitrogen regulate the cellular processes of photosynthetic microalgae leading to transient changes in the production of neutral lipids, carbohydrates, and biomass. Our model recapitulated the versatile neutral lipid synthesis pathways via (i) carbon reuse from carbohydrate metabolism under nitrogen sufficiency and (ii) fixed carbon redirection under nitrogen depletion. We also characterized the effects of light adaptation, light inhibition hysteresis, and nitrogen limitation on photosynthetic carbon fixation. The formulated model was calibrated and validated with experimental data of Dunaliella viridis cultivated in a lab-scale photobioreactor (PBR) under various light (low/moderate/high) and nitrogen (sufficient/limited) conditions. We conducted the identifiability, uncertainty, and sensitivity analyses to verify the model reliability using the profile likelihood method, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, and the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (eFAST). Our model predictions agreed well with experimental observations and suggested potential model improvement by incorporating a lipid degradation mechanism. The insights from our model-driven analysis helped improve the mechanistic understanding of transient algae growth and bioproducts formation under environmental variations and could be applied to optimize biofuel and biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyuan Wang
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Yi-Chun Lai
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Amanda L Karam
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Francis L de Los Reyes
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Joel J Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
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14
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Effect of design dark fraction on the loss of biomass productivities in photobioreactors. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:207-216. [PMID: 31541313 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Design dark fraction reflects the unlit part of a microalgal culture system, as for example a hydraulic loop used for temperature or pH regulation, or a circulating pump for mixing purposes. This study investigates the impact of design dark fraction on photosynthetic biomass productivity of the eukaryotic microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The effect of the volume of the dark fraction and the residence time spent in this dark fraction was investigated with two different nitrogen sources (N-NH4+, N-NO3-). Results showed a decrease of biomass productivity when the volume of the dark fraction and the dark residence time increased. Up to 47% loss of biomass productivity could be reached for a design dark fraction [Formula: see text] = 30% of the total culture system volume. This loss was explained as a result of metabolic reactions related to an increase of respiration activity or a decrease of photosynthetic activity in the cells.
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15
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Holdmann C, Schmid-Staiger U, Hirth T. Outdoor microalgae cultivation at different biomass concentrations — Assessment of different daily and seasonal light scenarios by modeling. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Rincon SM, Urrego NF, Avila KJ, Romero HM, Beyenal H. Photosynthetic activity assessment in mixotrophically cultured Chlorella vulgaris biofilms at various developmental stages. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Lu D, Zhang X(J, Liu X, Zhang L, Hines M. Sustainable microalgae cultivation by using anaerobic centrate and biogas from anaerobic digestion. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Rossi S, Bellucci M, Marazzi F, Mezzanotte V, Ficara E. Activity assessment of microalgal-bacterial consortia based on respirometric tests. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:207-215. [PMID: 30101803 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Respirometric techniques are useful tools to evaluate bacterial activities in activated sludge processes due to their fast execution and the possibility to obtain several kinetic parameters from a single test. Using such techniques in microalgae-bacteria consortia treating wastewater could allow a better understanding of mutual interactions between the microbial populations as a function of environmental parameters. This work aims at developing and testing a novel experimental respirometric protocol to determine oxygen uptake rates and oxygen production rates by a microalgae-bacteria consortium. The defined protocol is characterized by alternating light/dark regimes and by dosing substrates/inhibitors to selectively activate/inactivate microalgal and bacterial metabolisms. The protocol was then applied on microalgal and bacterial consortia, which were grown on the liquid fraction of black water from biogas plants fed on agricultural and municipal waste sludge. Results elucidate the presence and activity of microalgae and nitrifying bacteria in the tested systems, suggesting that the respirometric tests could be included into monitoring procedures of photobioreactors/algal ponds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rossi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy E-mail:
| | - M Bellucci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy E-mail:
| | - F Marazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 1, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - V Mezzanotte
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 1, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - E Ficara
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, P.zza L. da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy E-mail:
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19
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Holdmann C, Schmid-Staiger U, Hornstein H, Hirth T. Keeping the light energy constant — Cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana at different specific light availabilities and different photoperiods. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Millán-Oropeza A, Fernández-Linares L. Biomass and lipid production from Nannochloropsis oculata growth in raceway ponds operated in sequential batch mode under greenhouse conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25618-25626. [PMID: 27272702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of sequential batch cultures of the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata on lipid and biomass production was studied in 200-L raceway ponds for 167 days (nine harvesting cycles) during winter and spring seasons under greenhouse conditions. The highest biomass concentration and productivity were 1.2 g/L and 49.8 mg/L/day on days 73 (5th cycle) and 167 (9th cycle), respectively. The overall interval of lipid production was between 131 and 530 mg/L. Despite the daily and seasonal variations of light irradiance (0-1099 μmol photon/m2 s), greenhouse temperature (2.1-50.7 °C), and culture temperature (12.5-31.4 °C), ANOVA analysis showed no statistical difference (p value > 0.01) on the fatty acid methyl ester (FAMES) composition over the nine harvesting cycles evaluated. The most abundant FAMES were palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and palmitoleic (C16:1∆9) acids with 37.1, 28.6, and 8.4 %, respectively. The sequential batch cultures of N. oculata in raceway ponds showed an increasing biomass production in each new cycle while keeping the quality of the fatty acid mixture under daily and seasonal variations of light irradiance and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarón Millán-Oropeza
- Departamento de Bioprocesos, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIBI - IPN), Av. Acueducto s/n Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernández-Linares
- Departamento de Bioprocesos, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIBI - IPN), Av. Acueducto s/n Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Mader M, Schwerna P, Buchholz R, van Geldern R, Barth JA. A new approach to quantify system efficiency with dissolved oxygen isotopes during engineered growth of Galdieria sulphuraria. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Carvalho MC, Eyre BD. Light respiration by subtropical seaweeds. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:486-492. [PMID: 28321894 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the first-ever measurements of light CO2 respiration rate (CRR) by seaweeds. We measured the influence of temperature (15-25°C) and light (irradiance from 60 to 670 μmol · m-2 · s-1 ) on the light CCR of two subtropical seaweed species, and measured the CRR of seven different seaweed species under the same light (150 μmol · m-2 · s-1 ) and temperature (25°C). There was little effect of irradiance on light CRR, but there was an effect of temperature. Across the seven species light CRR was similar to OCR (oxygen consumption rate in the dark), with the exception of a single species. The outlier species was a coralline alga, and the higher light CRR was probably driven by calcification. CRR could be estimated from OCR, as well as carbon photosynthetic rates from oxygen photosynthetic rates, which suggests that previous studies have probably provided good estimations of gross photosynthesis for seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus C Carvalho
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Research, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Bradley D Eyre
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Research, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
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Understanding the biological activity of high rate algae ponds through the calculation of oxygen balances. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5189-5198. [PMID: 28341887 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae culture in high rate algae ponds (HRAP) is an environmentally friendly technology for wastewater treatment. However, for the implementation of these systems, a better understanding of the oxygenation potential and the influence of climate conditions is required. In this work, the rates of oxygen production, consumption, and exchange with the atmosphere were calculated under varying conditions of solar irradiance and dilution rate during six months of operation in a real scale unit. This analysis allowed determining the biological response of these dynamic systems. The rates of oxygen consumption measured were considerably higher than the values calculated based on the organic loading rate. The response to light intensity in terms of oxygen production in the bioreactor was described with one of the models proposed for microalgae culture in dense concentrations. This model is based on the availability of light inside the culture and the specific response of microalgae to this parameter. The specific response to solar radiation intensity showed a reasonable stability in spite of the fluctuations due to meteorological conditions. The methodology developed is a useful tool for optimization and prediction of the performance of these systems.
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de Mooij T, Nejad ZR, van Buren L, Wijffels RH, Janssen M. Effect of photoacclimation on microalgae mass culture productivity. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schwerna P, Hübner H, Buchholz R. Quantification of oxygen production and respiration rates in mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae in nonstirred photobioreactors. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:140-144. [PMID: 32624761 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Online monitoring and controlling of different cellular parameters are key issues in aerobic bioprocesses. Since mixotrophic cultivation, in which we observe a mixture of cellular respiration and oxygen production has gained more popularity, there is a need for an on-process quantification of these parameters. The presented and adapted double gassing-out method applied to a mixotrophic cultivation of Galdieria sulphuraria, will be a tool for monitoring and further optimization of algal fermentation in nonstirred photobioreactors (PBR). We measured the highest net specific oxygen production rate (opr net) as 5.73 · 10-3 molO2 g-1 h-1 at the lowest oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of 1.00 · 10-4 molO2 L-1 h-1. Due to higher cell densities, we also demonstrated the increasing shading effect by a decrease of opr net, reaching the lowest value of 1.25 10-5 molO2 g-1 h-1. Nevertheless, with this on process measurement, we can predict the relation between the zone in which oxygen is net produced to the area where cell respiration dominates in a PBR, which has a major impact to optimize cell growth along with the formation of different products of interest such as pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schwerna
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Holger Hübner
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Rainer Buchholz
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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Sebestyén P, Blanken W, Bacsa I, Tóth G, Martin A, Bhaiji T, Dergez Á, Kesserű P, Koós Á, Kiss I. Upscale of a laboratory rotating disk biofilm reactor and evaluation of its performance over a half-year operation period in outdoor conditions. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Microalgae growth kinetic model based on the PSII quantum yield and its utilization in the operational curves construction. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Janssen M. Microalgal Photosynthesis and Growth in Mass Culture. PHOTOBIOREACTION ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ache.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Benvenuti G, Lamers PP, Breuer G, Bosma R, Cerar A, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ. Microalgal TAG production strategies: why batch beats repeated-batch. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:64. [PMID: 26985237 PMCID: PMC4793540 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a commercially feasible microalgal triglyceride (TAG) production, high TAG productivities are required. The operational strategy affects TAG productivity but a systematic comparison between different strategies is lacking. For this, physiological responses of Nannochloropsis sp. to nitrogen (N) starvation and N-rich medium replenishment were studied in lab-scale batch and repeated-batch (part of the culture is periodically harvested and N-rich medium is re-supplied) cultivations under continuous light, and condensed into a mechanistic model. RESULTS The model, which successfully described both strategies, was used to identify potential improvements for both batch and repeated-batch and compare the two strategies on optimized TAG yields on light (amount of TAGs produced per mol of supplied PAR photons). TAG yields on light, for batch, from 0.12 (base case at high light) to 0.49 g molph (-1) (at low light and with improved strain) and, for repeated-batch, from 0.07 (base case at high light) to 0.39 g molph (-1) (at low light with improved strain and optimized repeated-batch settings). The base case yields are in line with the yields observed in current state-of-the-art outdoor TAG production. CONCLUSIONS For continuous light, an optimized batch process will always result in higher TAG yield on light compared to an optimized repeated-batch process. This is mainly because repeated-batch cycles start with N-starved cells. Their reduced photosynthetic capacity leads to inefficient light use during the regrowth phase which results in lower overall TAG yields compared to a batch process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Benvenuti
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Packo P. Lamers
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Breuer
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rouke Bosma
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Cerar
- />Microbiology, Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - René H. Wijffels
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nordland University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J. Barbosa
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Sarrafzadeh MH, La HJ, Seo SH, Asgharnejad H, Oh HM. Evaluation of various techniques for microalgal biomass quantification. J Biotechnol 2015; 216:90-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Havlik I, Scheper T, Reardon KF. Monitoring of Microalgal Processes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 153:89-142. [PMID: 26289537 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Process monitoring, which can be defined as the measurement of process variables with the smallest possible delay, is combined with process models to form the basis for successful process control. Minimizing the measurement delay leads inevitably to employing online, in situ sensors where possible, preferably using noninvasive measurement methods with stable, low-cost sensors. Microalgal processes have similarities to traditional bioprocesses but also have unique monitoring requirements. In general, variables to be monitored in microalgal processes can be categorized as physical, chemical, and biological, and they are measured in gaseous, liquid, and solid (biological) phases. Physical and chemical process variables can be usually monitored online using standard industrial sensors. The monitoring of biological process variables, however, relies mostly on sensors developed and validated using laboratory-scale systems or uses offline methods because of difficulties in developing suitable online sensors. Here, we review current technologies for online, in situ monitoring of all types of process parameters of microalgal cultivations, with a focus on monitoring of biological parameters. We discuss newly introduced methods for measuring biological parameters that could be possibly adapted for routine online use, should be preferably noninvasive, and are based on approaches that have been proven in other bioprocesses. New sensor types for measuring physicochemical parameters using optical methods or ion-specific field effect transistor (ISFET) sensors are also discussed. Reviewed methods with online implementation or online potential include measurement of irradiance, biomass concentration by optical density and image analysis, cell count, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth rate, lipid concentration by infrared spectrophotometry, dielectric scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Future perspectives are discussed, especially in the field of image analysis using in situ microscopy, infrared spectrophotometry, and software sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Havlik
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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Mulders KJM, Lamers PP, Wijffels RH, Martens DE. Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:1873-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhang D, Yan F, Sun Z, Zhang Q, Xue S, Cong W. On-line modeling intracellular carbon and energy metabolism of Nannochloropsis sp. in nitrogen-repletion and nitrogen-limitation cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 164:86-92. [PMID: 24841575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a photobioreactor cultivation system and a calculation method for on-line monitoring of carbon and energy metabolism of microalgae were developed using Nannochloropsis sp. in nitrogen-repletion and nitrogen-limitation cultures. Only 30-60% of carbon fixed in Calvin cycle was used for biomass and the rest was lost in light respiration. The net fixed carbon was assumed to be incorporated into protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, whose contents calculated on-line fitted well with the experimental measurements. Intracellular ATPs were quantitatively divided for biomass production and cell maintenance, and the result is in accordance with known reports. Due to light limitation induced by high cell concentration in batch cultures, the proportion of CO2 loss in light respiration and the proportion of energy for maintenance rapidly increased in culturing process. Nitrogen starvation reduced the light respiration, thus decreasing CO2 loss and maintenance energy, but no effect on ATP requirement for cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongliang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shengzhang Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Cong
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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Vejrazka C, Janssen M, Benvenuti G, Streefland M, Wijffels RH. Photosynthetic efficiency and oxygen evolution of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under continuous and flashing light. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:1523-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sinetova MA, Cervený J, Zavřel T, Nedbal L. On the dynamics and constraints of batch culture growth of the cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142. J Biotechnol 2012; 162:148-55. [PMID: 22575787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The unicellular, nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 is of a remarkable potential for production of third-generation biofuels. As the biotechnological potential of Cyanothece 51142 varies with the time of the day, we argue that it will, similarly, depend on the phase of the culture growth. Here, we study the batch culture dynamics to discover the dominant constraints in the individual growth phases and identify potential for inducing or delaying transitions between culture growth phases in Cyanothece 51142. We found that specific growth rate in the exponential phase of the culture is much less dependent on incident irradiance than the photosynthetic activity. We propose that surplus electrons that are released by water splitting are used in futile processes providing photoprotection additional to non-photochemical quenching. We confirm that the transition from exponential to linear phase is caused by a light limitation and the transition from linear to stationary phase by nitrogen limitation. We observe spontaneous diurnal metabolic oscillations in stationary phase culture that are synchronized over the entire culture without an external clue. We tentatively propose that the self-synchronization of the metabolic oscillations is due to a cell-to-cell communication of the cyanobacteria that is necessary for nitrogenase activity in nitrate depleted medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Sinetova
- Global Change Research Centre-CzechGlobe, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zámek 136, CZ-37333 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
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Kliphuis AMJ, Klok AJ, Martens DE, Lamers PP, Janssen M, Wijffels RH. Metabolic modeling of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: energy requirements for photoautotrophic growth and maintenance. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2012; 24:253-266. [PMID: 22427720 PMCID: PMC3289792 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-011-9674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a metabolic network describing the primary metabolism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was constructed. By performing chemostat experiments at different growth rates, energy parameters for maintenance and biomass formation were determined. The chemostats were run at low irradiances resulting in a high biomass yield on light of 1.25 g mol(-1). The ATP requirement for biomass formation from biopolymers (K(x)) was determined to be 109 mmol g(-1) (18.9 mol mol(-1)) and the maintenance requirement (m(ATP)) was determined to be 2.85 mmol g(-1) h(-1). With these energy requirements included in the metabolic network, the network accurately describes the primary metabolism of C. reinhardtii and can be used for modeling of C. reinhardtii growth and metabolism. Simulations confirmed that cultivating microalgae at low growth rates is unfavorable because of the high maintenance requirements which result in low biomass yields. At high light supply rates, biomass yields will decrease due to light saturation effects. Thus, to optimize biomass yield on light energy in photobioreactors, an optimum between low and high light supply rates should be found. These simulations show that metabolic flux analysis can be used as a tool to gain insight into the metabolism of algae and ultimately can be used for the maximization of algal biomass and product yield. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10811-011-9674-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. J. Kliphuis
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne J. Klok
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk E. Martens
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Packo P. Lamers
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Janssen
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - René H. Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cuaresma M, Janssen M, van den End EJ, Vílchez C, Wijffels RH. Luminostat operation: a tool to maximize microalgae photosynthetic efficiency in photobioreactors during the daily light cycle? BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7871-8. [PMID: 21680180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The luminostat regime has been proposed as a way to maximize light absorption and thus to increase the microalgae photosynthetic efficiency within photobioreactors. In this study, simulated outdoor light conditions were applied to a lab-scale photobioreactor in order to evaluate the luminostat control under varying light conditions. The photon flux density leaving the reactor (PFD(out)) was varied from 4 to 20 μmol photons m(-2)s(-1)and the productivity and photosynthetic efficiency of Chlorella sorokiniana were assessed. Maximal volumetric productivity (1.22g kg(-1)d(-1)) and biomass yield on PAR photons (400-700 nm) absorbed (1.27 g mol(-1)) were found when PFD(out) was maintained between 4 and 6 μmol photons m(-2)s(-1). The resultant photosynthetic efficiency was comparable to that already reported in a chemostat-controlled reactor. A strict luminostat regime could not be maintained under varying light conditions. Further modifications to the luminostat control are required before application under outdoor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cuaresma
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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