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Wang J, Zhu X, Jiang H, Ji M, Wu Y, Chen J. Cancer cell-derived exosome based dual-targeted drug delivery system for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 244:114141. [PMID: 39216444 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is among most prevalent cancers in the world, in which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 85 % of all subtypes of lung cancers. NSCLC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with a high mortality rate. Despite the demonstrated efficacy of chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC, the main drawback of current therapy is the lack of an effective drug-targeted delivery system, which may result in undesirable side effects during the clinical treatment. In this study, we construct a "dual-targeting" anti-cancer drug delivery platform by combining superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with exosomes derived from NSCLC cells. We successfully promoted the targeted delivery of anti-drug doxorubicin (DOX) at the cellular levels by combining the homing targeted ability of exosomes with the magnetic targeted ability of SPIONs. Moreover, non-small cell lung cancer cell (NCI-h1299) tumor models were established. It was found that exosome-SPIONs (Exo-SPIONs) loaded with DOX exhibited optimal tumor tissue delivery and tumor suppression in the presence of an external magnetic field, and reduced the toxicity of the DOX to normal tissues. The constructed "dual-targeting" anti-cancer drug delivery platform holds promise for targeted chemotherapy for NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Exosomes/chemistry
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/chemistry
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Mice
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Mice, Nude
- Magnetite Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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2
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Nowak-Jary J, Machnicka B. In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4067-4100. [PMID: 37525695 PMCID: PMC10387276 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s415063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite) are intensively studied due to their broad potential applications in medical and biological sciences. Their unique properties, such as nanometric size, large specific surface area, and superparamagnetism, allow them to be used in targeted drug delivery and internal radiotherapy by targeting an external magnetic field. In addition, they are successfully used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, and radiolabelling. The appropriate design of nanoparticles allows them to be delivered to the desired tissues and organs. The desired biodistribution of nanoparticles, eg, cancerous tumors, is increased using an external magnetic field. Thus, knowledge of the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is essential for medical applications. It allows for determining whether nanoparticles are captured by the desired organs or accumulated in other tissues, which may lead to potential toxicity. This review article presents the main organs where nanoparticles accumulate. The sites of their first uptake are usually the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, but with the appropriate design of nanoparticles, they can also be accumulated in organs such as the lungs, heart, or brain. In addition, the review describes the factors affecting the biodistribution of nanoparticles, including their size, shape, surface charge, coating molecules, and route of administration. Modern techniques for determining nanoparticle accumulation sites and concentration in isolated tissues or the body in vivo are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nowak-Jary
- University of Zielona Gora, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Zielona Gora, 65-516, Poland
| | - Beata Machnicka
- University of Zielona Gora, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Zielona Gora, 65-516, Poland
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3
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Feng Y, Cao Y, Singh R, Janjua TI, Popat A. Silica nanoparticles for brain cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1749-1767. [PMID: 37905998 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2273830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain cancer is a debilitating disease with a poor survival rate. There are significant challenges for effective treatment due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB) which impedes drug delivery to tumor sites. Many nanomedicines have been tested in improving both the survival and quality of life of patients with brain cancer with the recent focus on inorganic nanoparticles such as silica nanoparticles (SNPs). This review examines the use of SNPs as a novel approach for diagnosing, treating, and theranostics of brain cancer. AREAS COVERED The review provides an overview of different brain cancers and current therapies available. A special focus on the key functional properties of SNPs is discussed which makes them an attractive material in the field of onco-nanomedicine. Strategies to overcome the BBB using SNPs are analyzed. Furthermore, recent advancements in active targeting, combination therapies, and innovative nanotherapeutics utilizing SNPs are discussed. Safety considerations, toxicity profiles, and regulatory aspects are addressed to provide an understanding of SNPs' translational potential. EXPERT OPINION SNPs have tremendous prospects in brain cancer research. The multifunctionality of SNPs has the potential to overcome both the BBB and BTB limitations and can be used for brain cancer imaging, drug delivery, and theranostics. The insights provided will facilitate the development of next-generation, innovative strategies, guiding future research toward improved diagnosis, targeted therapy, and better outcomes in brain cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Feng
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuxue Cao
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ravi Singh
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Arosio P, Orsini F, Brero F, Mariani M, Innocenti C, Sangregorio C, Lascialfari A. The effect of size, shape, coating and functionalization on nuclear relaxation properties in iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles: a brief review of the situation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3551-3562. [PMID: 36880505 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective article, we present a short selection of some of the most significant case studies on magnetic nanoparticles for potential applications in nanomedicine, mainly magnetic resonance. For almost 10 years, our research activity focused on the comprehension of the physical mechanisms on the basis of the nuclear relaxation of magnetic nanoparticles in the presence of magnetic fields; taking advantage of the insights gathered over this time span, we report on the dependence of the relaxation behaviour on the chemico-physical properties of magnetic nanoparticles and discuss them in full detail. In particular, a critical review is carried out on the correlations between their efficiency as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging and the magnetic core of magnetic nanoparticles (mainly iron oxides), their size and shape, and the coating and solvent used for making them biocompatible and well dispersible in physiological media. Finally, the heuristic model proposed by Roch and coworkers is presented, as it was extensively adopted to describe most of the experimental data sets. The large amount of data analyzed allowed us to highlight both the advantages and limitations of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Arosio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN and INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN and INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Francesca Brero
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN and INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuel Mariani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN and INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Innocenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze and INSTM, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Claudio Sangregorio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze and INSTM, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Alessandro Lascialfari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN and INSTM RU, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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5
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Durán-Lobato M, Álvarez-Fuentes J, Fernández-Arévalo M, Martín-Banderas L. Receptor-targeted nanoparticles modulate cannabinoid anticancer activity through delayed cell internalization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1297. [PMID: 35079042 PMCID: PMC8789857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is known for its antitumor activity and palliative effects. However, its unfavorable physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties, including low bioavailability, psychotropic side effects and resistance mechanisms associated to dosing make mandatory the development of successful drug delivery systems. In this work, transferring (Tf) surface-modified Δ9-THC-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (Tf-THC-PLGA NPs) were proposed and evaluated as novel THC-based anticancer therapy. Furthermore, in order to assess the interaction of both the nanocarrier and the loaded drug with cancer cells, a double-fluorescent strategy was applied, including the chemical conjugation of a dye to the nanoparticle polymer along with the encapsulation of either a lipophilic or a hydrophilic dye. Tf-THC PLGA NPs exerted a cell viability decreased down to 17% vs. 88% of plain nanoparticles, while their internalization was significantly slower than plain nanoparticles. Uptake studies in the presence of inhibitors indicated that the nanoparticles were internalized through cholesterol-associated and clathrin-mediated mechanisms. Overall, Tf-modification of PLGA NPs showed to be a highly promising approach for Δ9-THC-based antitumor therapies, potentially maximizing the amount of drug released in a sustained manner at the surface of cells bearing cannabinoid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Durán-Lobato
- Dpto. Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González n °2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Josefa Álvarez-Fuentes
- Dpto. Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González n °2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Arévalo
- Dpto. Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González n °2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucía Martín-Banderas
- Dpto. Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González n °2, 41012, Seville, Spain
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6
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An Overview of Nanotechnologies for Drug Delivery to the Brain. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020224. [PMID: 35213957 PMCID: PMC8875260 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the brain has been one of the toughest challenges researchers have faced to develop effective treatments for brain diseases. Owing to the blood–brain barrier (BBB), only a small portion of administered drug can reach the brain. A consequence of that is the need to administer a higher dose of the drug, which, expectedly, leads to a variety of unwanted side effects. Research in a variety of different fields has been underway for the past couple of decades to address this very serious and frequently lethal problem. One area of research that has produced optimistic results in recent years is nanomedicine. Nanomedicine is the science birthed by fusing the fields of nanotechnology, chemistry and medicine into one. Many different types of nanomedicine-based drug-delivery systems are currently being studied for the sole purpose of improved drug delivery to the brain. This review puts together and briefly summarizes some of the major breakthroughs in this crusade. Inorganic nanoparticle-based drug-delivery systems, such as gold nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles, are discussed, as well as some organic nanoparticulate systems. Amongst the organic drug-delivery nanosystems, polymeric micelles and dendrimers are discussed briefly and solid polymeric nanoparticles are explored in detail.
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Matlou GG, Abrahamse H. Hybrid Inorganic-Organic Core-Shell Nanodrug Systems in Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1773. [PMID: 34834188 PMCID: PMC8625656 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid inorganic-organic core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) are an emerging paradigm of nanodrug carriers in the targeted photodynamic therapy (TPDT) of cancer. Typically, metallic cores and organic polymer shells are used due to their submicron sizes and high surface to volume ratio of the metallic nanoparticles (NPs), combined with enhances solubility, stability, and absorption sites of the organic polymer shell. As such, the high loading capacity of therapeutic agents such as cancer specific ligands and photosensitizer (PS) agents is achieved with desired colloidal stability, drug circulation, and subcellular localization of the PS agents at the cancer site. This review highlights the synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and applications of hybrid inorganic-organic CSNPs as loading platforms of therapeutic agents for use in TPDT. In addition, cell death pathways and the mechanisms of action that hybrid inorganic-organic core-shell nanodrug systems follow in TPDT are also reviewed. Nanodrug systems with cancer specific properties are able to localize within the solid tumor through the enhanced permeability effect (EPR) and bind with affinity to receptors on the cancer cell surfaces, thus improving the efficacy of short-lived cytotoxic singlet oxygen. This ability by nanodrug systems together with their mechanism of action during cell death forms the core basis of this review and will be discussed with an overview of successful strategies that have been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;
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8
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Drug delivery platforms for neonatal brain injury. J Control Release 2021; 330:765-787. [PMID: 33417984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), initiated by the interruption of oxygenated blood supply to the brain, is a leading cause of death and lifelong disability in newborns. The pathogenesis of HIE involves a complex interplay of excitotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress that results in acute to long term brain damage and functional impairments. Therapeutic hypothermia is the only approved treatment for HIE but has limited effectiveness for moderate to severe brain damage; thus, pharmacological intervention is explored as an adjunct therapy to hypothermia to further promote recovery. However, the limited bioavailability and the side-effects of systemic administration are factors that hinder the use of the candidate pharmacological agents. To overcome these barriers, therapeutic molecules may be packaged into nanoscale constructs to enable their delivery. Yet, the application of nanotechnology in infants is not well examined, and the neonatal brain presents unique challenges. Novel drug delivery platforms have the potential to magnify therapeutic effects in the damaged brain, mitigate side-effects associated with high systemic doses, and evade mechanisms that remove the drugs from circulation. Encouraging pre-clinical data demonstrates an attenuation of brain damage and increased structural and functional recovery. This review surveys the current progress in drug delivery for treating neonatal brain injury.
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9
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Wang L, Liu C, Qiao F, Li M, Xin H, Chen N, Wu Y, Liu J. Analysis of the cytotoxic effects, cellular uptake and cellular distribution of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles in glioblastoma cells in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:292. [PMID: 33717235 PMCID: PMC7885080 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor. Although treatments for glioblastoma have been improved recently, patients still suffer from local recurrence in addition to poor prognosis. Previous studies have indicated that the efficacy of chemotherapeutic or bioactive agents is severely compromised by the blood-brain barrier and the inherent drug resistance of glioblastoma. The present study developed a delivery system to improve the efficiency of delivering therapeutic agents into glioblastoma cells. The anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) was packed into nanoparticles that were composed of amphiphilic poly (γ-glutamic-acid-maleimide-co-L-lactide)-1,2-dipalmitoylsn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolaminecopolymer conjugated with targeting moiety transferrin (Tf). The Tf nanoparticles (Tf-NPs) may enter glioblastoma cells via transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to explore the cytotoxic effects, cellular uptake and cellular distribution of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles. The results indicated that both PTX and PTX-Tf-NPs inhibited the viability of rat glioblastoma C6 cells in a dose-dependent manner, but the PTX-Tf-NPs exhibited a greater inhibitory effect compared with PTX, even at higher concentrations (0.4, 2 and 10 µg/ml). However, both PTX and PTX-Tf-NPs exhibited a reduced inhibitory effect on the viability of mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells compared with that on C6 cells. Additionally, in contrast to PTX alone, PTX-Tf-NPs treatment of C6 cells at lower concentrations (0.0032, 0.0160 and 0.0800 µg/ml) induced increased G2/M arrest, although this difference did not occur at a higher drug concentration (0.4 µg/ml). It was observed that FITC-labeled PTX-Tf-NPs were endocytosed by C6 cells within 4 h. Furthermore, FITC-labeled PTX-Tf-NPs or Tf-NPs co-localized with a lysosomal tracker, Lysotracker Red DND-99. These results of the present study indicated that Tf-NPs enhanced the cytotoxicity of PTX in glioblastoma C6 cells, suggesting that PTX-Tf-NPs should be further explored in animal models of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qiao
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xin
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, P.R. China
| | - Naifeng Chen
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- Division of Nanomedicine and Nanobiology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Junxing Liu
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
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Current Status and Challenges Associated with CNS-Targeted Gene Delivery across the BBB. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121216. [PMID: 33334049 PMCID: PMC7765480 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The era of the aging society has arrived, and this is accompanied by an increase in the absolute numbers of patients with neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Such neurological disorders are serious costly diseases that have a significant impact on society, both globally and socially. Gene therapy has great promise for the treatment of neurological disorders, but only a few gene therapy drugs are currently available. Delivery to the brain is the biggest hurdle in developing new drugs for the central nervous system (CNS) diseases and this is especially true in the case of gene delivery. Nanotechnologies such as viral and non-viral vectors allow efficient brain-targeted gene delivery systems to be created. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive review of the current status of the development of successful drug delivery to the CNS for the treatment of CNS-related disorders especially by gene therapy. We mainly address three aspects of this situation: (1) blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions; (2) adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, currently the most advanced gene delivery vector; (3) non-viral brain targeting by non-invasive methods.
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11
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Aptamers Increase Biocompatibility and Reduce the Toxicity of Magnetic Nanoparticles Used in Biomedicine. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030059. [PMID: 32183370 PMCID: PMC7148517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamer-based approaches are very promising tools in nanomedicine. These small single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules are often used for the effective delivery and increasing biocompatibility of various therapeutic agents. Recently, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have begun to be successfully applied in various fields of biomedicine. The use of MNPs is limited by their potential toxicity, which depends on their biocompatibility. The functionalization of MNPs by ligands increases biocompatibility by changing the charge and shape of MNPs, preventing opsonization, increasing the circulation time of MNPs in the blood, thus shielding iron ions and leading to the accumulation of MNPs only in the necessary organs. Among various ligands, aptamers, which are synthetic analogs of antibodies, turned out to be the most promising for the functionalization of MNPs. This review describes the factors that determine MNPs’ biocompatibility and affect their circulation time in the bloodstream, biodistribution in organs and tissues, and biodegradation. The work also covers the role of the aptamers in increasing MNPs’ biocompatibility and reducing toxicity.
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12
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Johnsen KB, Burkhart A, Thomsen LB, Andresen TL, Moos T. Targeting the transferrin receptor for brain drug delivery. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 181:101665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Wu VM, Huynh E, Tang S, Uskoković V. Brain and bone cancer targeting by a ferrofluid composed of superparamagnetic iron-oxide/silica/carbon nanoparticles (earthicles). Acta Biomater 2019; 88:422-447. [PMID: 30711662 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances in molecularly targeted therapies, delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the targeting of brain tumors remains a challenge. Like brain, bone is a common site of metastasis and requires therapies capable of discerning the tumor from its healthy cellular milieu. To tackle these challenges, we made a variation on the previously proposed concept of the earthicle and fabricated an aqueous, surfactant-free ferrofluid containing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with silicate mesolayers and carbon shells, having 13 nm in size on average. Nanoparticles were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized using a range of spectroscopic, diffractometric, hydrodynamic and electron microscopy techniques. The double coating on SPIONs affected a number of physicochemical and biological properties, including colloidal stability and cancer targeting efficacy. Nanoparticles decreased the viability of glioblastoma and osteosarcoma cells and tumors more than that of their primary and non-transformed analogues. They showed a greater preference for cancer cells because of a higher rate of uptake by these cells and a pronounced adherence to cancer cell membrane. Even in an ultralow alternate magnetic field, nanoparticles generated sufficient heat to cause tumor death. Nanoparticles in MDCK-MDR1 BBB model caused mislocalization of claudin-1 at the tight junctions, underexpression of ZO-1 and no effect on occludin-1 and transepithelial resistance. Nanoparticles were detected in the basolateral compartments and examination of LAMP1 demonstrated that nanoparticles escaped the lysosome, traversed the BBB transcellularly and localized to the optic lobes of the third instar larval brains of Drosophila melanogaster. The passage was noninvasive and caused no adverse systemic effects to the animals. In conclusion, these nanoparticulate ferrofluids preferentially bind to cancer cells and, hence, exhibit a greater toxicity in these cells compared to the primary cells. They are also effective against solid tumors in vitro, can cross the BBB in Drosophila, and are nontoxic based on the developmental studies of flies raised in ferrofluid-infused media. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrate that a novel, hydrothermally synthesized composite nanoparticle-based ferrofluid is effective in reducing the viability of osteosarcoma and glioblastoma cells in vitro, while having minimal effects on primary cell lines. In 3D tumor spheroids, nanoparticles greatly reduced the metastatic migration of cancer cells, while the tumor viability was reduced compared to the control group by applying magnetic hyperthermia to nanoparticle-treated spheroids. Both in vitro and in vivo models of the blood-brain barrier evidence the ability of nanoparticles to cross the barrier and localize to the brain tissue. These composite nanoparticles show great promise as an anticancer biomaterial for the treatment of different types of cancer and may serve as an alternative or addendum to traditional chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Wu
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Eric Huynh
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Sean Tang
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Vuk Uskoković
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA; Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607-7052, USA.
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14
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Sharma G, Sharma AR, Lee SS, Bhattacharya M, Nam JS, Chakraborty C. Advances in nanocarriers enabled brain targeted drug delivery across blood brain barrier. Int J Pharm 2019; 559:360-372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Ross AM, Mc Nulty D, O'Dwyer C, Grabrucker AM, Cronin P, Mulvihill JJ. Standardization of research methods employed in assessing the interaction between metallic-based nanoparticles and the blood-brain barrier: Present and future perspectives. J Control Release 2019; 296:202-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Oppong-Damoah A, Zaman RU, D'Souza MJ, Murnane KS. Nanoparticle encapsulation increases the brain penetrance and duration of action of intranasal oxytocin. Horm Behav 2019; 108:20-29. [PMID: 30593782 PMCID: PMC7001472 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the therapeutic use of large molecules as it prevents them from passively entering the brain following administration by conventional routes. It also limits the capacity of researchers to study the role of large molecules in behavior, as it often necessitates intracerebroventricular administration. Oxytocin is a large-molecule neuropeptide with pro-social behavioral effects and therapeutic promise for social-deficit disorders. Although preclinical and clinical studies are using intranasal delivery of oxytocin to improve brain bioavailability, it remains of interest to further improve the brain penetrance and duration of action of oxytocin, even with intranasal administration. In this study, we evaluated a nanoparticle drug-delivery system for oxytocin, designed to increase its brain bioavailability through active transport and increase its duration of action through encapsulation and sustained release. We first evaluated transport of oxytocin-like large molecules in a cell-culture model of the BBB. We then determined in vivo brain transport using bioimaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis in mice. Finally, we determined the pro-social effects of oxytocin (50 μg, intranasal) in two different brain targeting and sustained-release formulations. We found that nanoparticle formulation increased BBB transport both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, nanoparticle-encapsulated oxytocin administered intranasally exhibited greater pro-social effects both acutely and 3 days after administration, in comparison to oxytocin alone, in mouse social-interaction experiments. These multimodal data validate this brain targeting and sustained-release formulation of oxytocin, which can now be used in animal models of social-deficit disorders as well as to enhance the brain delivery of other neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboagyewaah Oppong-Damoah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rokon Uz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin J D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Sean Murnane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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17
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Fernández-Cabada T, Ramos-Gómez M. A Novel Contrast Agent Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cholesterol Detection as Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:36. [PMID: 30684043 PMCID: PMC6349267 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the high incidence of Alzheimer's disease among the world population over the years, and the costs that the disease poses in sanitary and social terms to countries, it is necessary to develop non-invasive diagnostic tests that allow to detect early biomarkers of the disease. Within the early diagnosis methods, the development of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging becomes especially useful. Accumulating evidence suggests that cholesterol may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease since abnormal deposits of cholesterol surrounding senile plaques have been described in animal transgenic models and patients with Alzheimer's disease. In vivo experiments have also shown that diet-induced hypercholesterolemia enhances intraneuronal accumulation of β-amyloid protein accompanied by microgliosis and accelerates β-amyloid deposition in brains. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS In the present study, we propose for the first time the synthesis of a new nanoconjugate composed of magnetic nanoparticles bound to an anti-cholesterol antibody, to detect the abnormal deposits of cholesterol observed in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease by magnetic resonance imaging. The nanoplatform could also reveal the decrease of cholesterol observed in neuronal plasmatic membranes associated with this pathology. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS Experimental design to test the hypothesis will be done first in vitro and then in ex vivo and in vivo studies in a second stage. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS The designed nanoplatform could therefore detect cholesterol deposits at the cerebral level. The detection of this biomarker in areas coinciding with senile plaque accumulations could provide early information on the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fernández-Cabada
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Ramos-Gómez
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Choudhury H, Pandey M, Chin PX, Phang YL, Cheah JY, Ooi SC, Mak KK, Pichika MR, Kesharwani P, Hussain Z, Gorain B. Transferrin receptors-targeting nanocarriers for efficient targeted delivery and transcytosis of drugs into the brain tumors: a review of recent advancements and emerging trends. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1545-1563. [PMID: 29916012 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a predominant challenge in chemotherapy due to the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) which restricts delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the brain together with the problem of drug penetration through hard parenchyma of the GBM. With the structural and mechanistic elucidation of the BBB under both physiological and pathological conditions, it is now viable to target central nervous system (CNS) disorders utilizing the presence of transferrin (Tf) receptors (TfRs). However, overexpression of these TfRs on the GBM cell surface can also help to avoid restrictions of GBM cells to deliver chemotherapeutic agents within the tumor. Therefore, targeting of TfR-mediated delivery could counteract drug delivery issues in GBM and create a delivery system that could cross the BBB effectively to utilize ligand-conjugated drug complexes through receptor-mediated transcytosis. Hence, approach towards successful delivery of antitumor agents to the gliomas has been making possible through targeting these overexpressed TfRs within the CNS and glioma cells. This review article presents a thorough analysis of current understanding on Tf-conjugated nanocarriers as efficient drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Xin Chin
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Lin Phang
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeng Yuen Cheah
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shu Chien Ooi
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Kay Mak
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Bioactive Molecules and Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lincoln University College, Petalling Jaya, 47301, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
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19
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Mao Y, Feng S, Li S, Zhao Q, Di D, Liu Y, Wang S. Chylomicron-pretended nano-bio self-assembling vehicle to promote lymphatic transport and GALTs target of oral drugs. Biomaterials 2018; 188:173-186. [PMID: 30359884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic transport of oral drugs allows extraordinary gains in bioavailability and efficacy through avoidance of first-pass hepatic metabolism and preservation of drugs at lymphatic tissues against lymph-mediated diseases. Chylomicrons can transport dietary lipids absorbed from the intestine to the tissues through lymphatic circulation. Herein, we engineered for the first time a chylomicron-pretended mesoporous silica nanocarrier that utilizes the digestion, re-esterification, and lymphatic transport process of dietary triglyceride to promote lymphatic transport of oral drugs. Taking lopinavir (LNV) as a model antiretroviral drug with disadvantages such as poor solubility, high first-pass effect and off-target deposition, this vehicle exhibited several properties belonging to ideal nanocarriers, including high drug load, amorphous dispersion and controlled release in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, a nano-bio interaction was demonstrated between nanoparticles and a key protein involved in chylomicron assembly; this biochemical reaction in cellular was utilized for the first time to promote lymphatic transport of nanocarriers for oral delivery. As a result, the chylomicron-pretended nanocarrier afforded 10.6-fold higher oral bioavailability compared with free LNV and effectively delivered LNV to gut-associated lymphoid tissues, where HIV persists and actively evolves. This approach not only promises a potential application to HIV-infected individuals but also opens a new avenue to other lymph-mediated pathologies such as autoimmune diseases and lymphatic tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Donghua Di
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- School of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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20
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Willmann W, Dringen R. Monitoring of the Cytoskeleton-Dependent Intracellular Trafficking of Fluorescent Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Nanoparticle Pulse-Chase Experiments in C6 Glioma Cells. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2055-2071. [PMID: 30196349 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are used for various biomedical and therapeutic approaches. To investigate the uptake and the intracellular trafficking of IONPs in neural cells we have performed nanoparticle pulse-chase experiments to visualize the internalization and the fate of fluorescent IONPs in C6 glioma cells and astrocyte cultures. Already a short exposure to IONPs for 10 min at 4 °C (nanoparticle pulse) allowed binding of substantial amounts of nanoparticles to the cells, while internalization of IONPs into the cell was prevented. The uptake of bound IONPs and the intracellular trafficking was started by increasing the temperature to 37 °C (chase period). While hardly any cellular fluorescence nor any iron staining was detectable directly after the nanoparticle pulse, dotted cellular fluorescence and iron patterns appeared already within a few minutes after start of the chase incubation and became intensified in the perinuclear region during further incubation for up to 90 min. Longer chase incubations resulted in separation of the fluorescent coat from the core of the internalized IONPs. Disruption of actin filaments in C6 cells strongly impaired the internalization of IONPs, whereas destabilization of microtubules traped IONP-containing vesicles to the plasma membrane. In conclusion, nanoparticle pulse-chase experiments allowed to synchronize the cellular uptake of fluorescent IONPs and to identify for C6 cells an actin-dependent early and a microtubule-dependent later process in the intracellular trafficking of fluorescent IONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Willmann
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, PO. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Leobener Strasse, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, PO. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany.
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Leobener Strasse, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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21
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Rodríguez-Nogales C, González-Fernández Y, Aldaz A, Couvreur P, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Nanomedicines for Pediatric Cancers. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7482-7496. [PMID: 30071163 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy protocols for childhood cancers are still problematic due to the high toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic agents and incorrect dosing regimens extrapolated from adults. Nanotechnology has demonstrated significant ability to reduce toxicity of anticancer compounds. Improvement in the therapeutic index of cytostatic drugs makes this strategy an alternative to common chemotherapy in adults. However, the lack of nanomedicines specifically for pediatric cancer care raises a medical conundrum. This review highlights the current state and progress of nanomedicine in pediatric cancer and discusses the real clinical challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodríguez-Nogales
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department , University of Navarra , Pamplona 31008 , Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) , Pamplona 31008 , Spain
| | | | - Azucena Aldaz
- Department of Pharmacy , Clínica Universidad de Navarra , Pamplona 31008 , Spain
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex 92296 , France
| | - María J Blanco-Prieto
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department , University of Navarra , Pamplona 31008 , Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) , Pamplona 31008 , Spain
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22
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Gonçalves AI, Miranda MS, Rodrigues MT, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Magnetic responsive cell-based strategies for diagnostics and therapeutics. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:054001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aac78b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Zaman RU, Mulla NS, Braz Gomes K, D'Souza C, Murnane KS, D'Souza MJ. Nanoparticle formulations that allow for sustained delivery and brain targeting of the neuropeptide oxytocin. Int J Pharm 2018; 548:698-706. [PMID: 30031864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a promising candidate for the treatment of social-deficit disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, but oxytocin cannot readily pass the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, oxytocin requires frequent dosing as it is rapidly metabolized in blood. We fabricated four polymeric nanoparticle formulations using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the base material. In order to target them to the brain, we then conjugated the materials to either transferrin or rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) as targeting ligands. The formulations were characterized in vitro for size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and release profiles. All formulations showed slightly negative charges and sizes ranging from 100 to 278 nm in diameter, with RVG-conjugated BSA nanoparticles exhibiting the smallest sizes. No formulation was found to be immunogenic or cytotoxic. The encapsulation efficiency was ≥75% for all nanoparticle formulations. Release studies demonstrated that BSA nanoparticle formulation exhibited a faster initial burst of release compared to PLGA particles, in addition to later sustained release. This initial burst release would be favorable for clinical dosing as therapeutic effects could be quickly established, especially in combination with additional sustained release to maintain the therapeutic effects. Our size and release profile data indicate that RVG-conjugated BSA nanoparticles are the most favorable formulation for brain delivery of oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokon Uz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nihal S Mulla
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Drake University, Des Moines, IA 50311, USA
| | - Keegan Braz Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cherilyn D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Sean Murnane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin J D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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24
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Trusel M, Baldrighi M, Marotta R, Gatto F, Pesce M, Frasconi M, Catelani T, Papaleo F, Pompa PP, Tonini R, Giordani S. Internalization of Carbon Nano-onions by Hippocampal Cells Preserves Neuronal Circuit Function and Recognition Memory. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:16952-16963. [PMID: 29669213 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One area where nanomedicine may offer superior performances and efficacy compared to current strategies is in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the application of nanomaterials in such complex arenas is still in its infancy and an optimal vector for the therapy of CNS diseases has not been identified. Graphitic carbon nano-onions (CNOs) represent a class of carbon nanomaterials that shows promising potential for biomedical purposes. To probe the possible applications of graphitic CNOs as a platform for therapeutic and diagnostic interventions on CNS diseases, fluorescently labeled CNOs were stereotaxically injected in vivo in mice hippocampus. Their diffusion within brain tissues and their cellular localization were analyzed ex vivo by confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, and correlative light-electron microscopy techniques. The subsequent fluorescent staining of hippocampal cells populations indicates they efficiently internalize the nanomaterial. Furthermore, the inflammatory potential of the CNOs injection was found comparable to sterile vehicle infusion, and it did not result in manifest neurophysiological and behavioral alterations of hippocampal-mediated functions. These results clearly demonstrate that CNOs can interface effectively with several cell types, which encourages further their development as possible brain disease-targeted diagnostics or therapeutics nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Trusel
- Neuroscience and Brain Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Michele Baldrighi
- Nano Carbon Materials , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Francesca Gatto
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
- Department of Engineering for Innovation , University of Salento , Via per Monteroni , Lecce , Italy
| | - Mattia Pesce
- Neuroscience and Brain Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Nano Carbon Materials , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Tiziano Catelani
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Neuroscience and Brain Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Raffaella Tonini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
| | - Silvia Giordani
- Nano Carbon Materials , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genova , Italy
- Department of Chemistry , University of Turin , Via Giuria 7 , Turin , Italy
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25
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Cellular and Molecular Toxicity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:199-213. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Zhao R, Han X, Li Y, Wang H, Ji T, Zhao Y, Nie G. Photothermal Effect Enhanced Cascade-Targeting Strategy for Improved Pancreatic Cancer Therapy by Gold Nanoshell@Mesoporous Silica Nanorod. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8103-8113. [PMID: 28738680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, is characterized by desmoplasia and hypovascular cancerous tissue, with a 5 year survival rate of <8%. To overcome the severe resistance of pancreatic cancer to conventional therapies, we synthesized gold nanoshell-coated rod-like mesoporous silica (GNRS) nanoparticles which integrated cascade tumor targeting (mediated by photothermal effect and molecular receptor binding) and photothermal treatment-enhanced gemcitabine chemotherapy, under mild near-infrared laser irradiation condition. GNRS significantly improved gemcitabine penetration and accumulation in tumor tissues, thus destroying the dense stroma barrier of pancreatic cancer and reinforcing chemosensitivity in mice. Our current findings strongly support the notion that further development of this integrated plasmonic photothermal strategy may represent a promising translational nanoformulation for effective treatment of pancreatic cancer with integral cascade tumor targeting strategy and enhanced drug delivery efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiye Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School , 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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27
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Böldicke T. Single domain antibodies for the knockdown of cytosolic and nuclear proteins. Protein Sci 2017; 26:925-945. [PMID: 28271570 PMCID: PMC5405437 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single domain antibodies (sdAbs) from camels or sharks comprise only the variable heavy chain domain. Human sdAbs comprise the variable domain of the heavy chain (VH) or light chain (VL) and can be selected from human antibodies. SdAbs are stable, nonaggregating molecules in vitro and in vivo compared to complete antibodies and scFv fragments. They are excellent novel inhibitors of cytosolic/nuclear proteins because they are correctly folded inside the cytosol in contrast to scFv fragments. SdAbs are unique because of their excellent specificity and possibility to target posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation sites, conformers or interaction regions of proteins that cannot be targeted with genetic knockout techniques and are impossible to knockdown with RNAi. The number of inhibiting cytosolic/nuclear sdAbs is increasing and usage of synthetic single pot single domain antibody libraries will boost the generation of these fascinating molecules without the need of immunization. The most frequently selected antigenic epitopes belong to viral and oncogenic proteins, followed by toxins, proteins of the nervous system as well as plant- and drosophila proteins. It is now possible to select functional sdAbs against virtually every cytosolic/nuclear protein and desired epitope. The development of new endosomal escape protein domains and cell-penetrating peptides for efficient transfection broaden the application of inhibiting sdAbs. Last but not least, the generation of relatively new cell-specific nanoparticles such as polymersomes and polyplexes carrying cytosolic/nuclear sdAb-DNA or -protein will pave the way to apply cytosolic/nuclear sdAbs for inhibition of viral infection and cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Böldicke
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Structure and Function of ProteinsInhoffenstraße 7, D‐38124BraunschweigGermany
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Fang F, Zou D, Wang W, Yin Y, Yin T, Hao S, Wang B, Wang G, Wang Y. Non-invasive approaches for drug delivery to the brain based on the receptor mediated transport. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1316-1327. [PMID: 28482500 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a physical and biochemical barrier that prevents entry of toxic compounds into brain for preserving homeostasis. However, the BBB also strictly limits influx of most therapeutic agents into the brain. One promising method for overcoming this problem to deliver drugs is receptor mediated transport (RMT) system, which employs the vesicular trafficking machinery to transport substrates across the BBB endothelium in a noninvasive manner. The conjugates of drug or drug-loaded vector linked with appropriate ligands specifically binds to the endogenous targeting receptor on the surface of the endothelial cells. Then drugs could enter the cell body by means of transcytosis and eventual releasing into the brain parenchyma. Over the past 20years, there have been significant developments of RMT targeting strategies. Here, we will review the recent advance of various promising RMT systems and discuss the capability of these approaches for drug delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Dan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Tieying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-rheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Shapingba Street 174, Chongqing 404100, China.
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Valdiglesias V, Fernández-Bertólez N, Kiliç G, Costa C, Costa S, Fraga S, Bessa MJ, Pásaro E, Teixeira JP, Laffon B. Are iron oxide nanoparticles safe? Current knowledge and future perspectives. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 38:53-63. [PMID: 27056797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to their unique physicochemical properties, including superparamagnetism, iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) have a number of interesting applications, especially in the biomedical field, that make them one of the most fascinating nanomaterials. They are used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, in targeted drug delivery, and for induced hyperthermia cancer treatments. Together with these valuable uses, concerns regarding the onset of unexpected adverse health effects following exposure have been also raised. Nevertheless, despite the numerous ION purposes being explored, currently available information on their potential toxicity is still scarce and controversial data have been reported. Although ION have traditionally been considered as biocompatible - mainly on the basis of viability tests results - influence of nanoparticle surface coating, size, or dose, and of other experimental factors such as treatment time or cell type, has been demonstrated to be important for ION in vitro toxicity manifestation. In vivo studies have shown distribution of ION to different tissues and organs, including brain after passing the blood-brain barrier; nevertheless results from acute toxicity, genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity investigations in different animal models do not provide a clear overview on ION safety yet, and epidemiological studies are almost inexistent. Much work has still to be done to fully understand how these nanomaterials interact with cellular systems and what, if any, potential adverse health consequences can derive from ION exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valdiglesias
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, A Coruña 15071, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández-Bertólez
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, A Coruña 15071, Spain; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universidade da Coruña, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus A Zapateira s/n, A Coruña 15071, Spain
| | - Gözde Kiliç
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Carla Costa
- Department of Environmental Health, Portuguese National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto 4000-055, Portugal; EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Department of Environmental Health, Portuguese National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto 4000-055, Portugal; EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Sonia Fraga
- Department of Environmental Health, Portuguese National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto 4000-055, Portugal; EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Maria Joao Bessa
- Department of Environmental Health, Portuguese National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto 4000-055, Portugal; EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Pásaro
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, A Coruña 15071, Spain
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Department of Environmental Health, Portuguese National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, Porto 4000-055, Portugal; EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, Porto 4050-600, Portugal
| | - Blanca Laffon
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Universidade da Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, A Coruña 15071, Spain.
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Yokel RA. Physicochemical properties of engineered nanomaterials that influence their nervous system distribution and effects. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:2081-2093. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Emami J, Rezazadeh M, Sadeghi H, Khadivar K. Development and optimization of transferrin-conjugated nanostructured lipid carriers for brain delivery of paclitaxel using Box–Behnken design. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:370-382. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1189933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Emami
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Rezazadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Novel Drug Delivery System Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hojjat Sadeghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Khashayar Khadivar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Coccini T, Caloni F, Ramírez Cando LJ, De Simone U. Cytotoxicity and proliferative capacity impairment induced on human brain cell cultures after short- and long-term exposure to magnetite nanoparticles. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:361-373. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Division, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation; Scientific Institute of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET); Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - Lenin Javier Ramírez Cando
- Centro de Investigación y Valoración de la Biodiversidad (CIVABI); Universidad Politécnica Salesiana; Quito Ecuador
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Division, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation; Scientific Institute of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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33
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Busquets MA, Espargaró A, Sabaté R, Estelrich J. Magnetic Nanoparticles Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier: When Physics Rises to a Challenge. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 5:2231-2248. [PMID: 28347118 PMCID: PMC5304810 DOI: 10.3390/nano5042231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a physical and physiological barrier that protects the brain from toxic substances within the bloodstream and helps maintain brain homeostasis. It also represents the main obstacle in the treatment of many diseases of the central nervous system. Among the different approaches employed to overcome this barrier, the use of nanoparticles as a tool to enhance delivery of therapeutic molecules to the brain is particularly promising. There is special interest in the use of magnetic nanoparticles, as their physical characteristics endow them with additional potentially useful properties. Following systemic administration, a magnetic field applied externally can mediate the capacity of magnetic nanoparticles to permeate the blood-brain barrier. Meanwhile, thermal energy released by magnetic nanoparticles under the influence of radiofrequency radiation can modulate blood-brain barrier integrity, increasing its permeability. In this review, we present the strategies that use magnetic nanoparticles, specifically iron oxide nanoparticles, to enhance drug delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antònia Busquets
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Estelrich
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Avda. Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Petters C, Thiel K, Dringen R. Lysosomal iron liberation is responsible for the vulnerability of brain microglial cells to iron oxide nanoparticles: comparison with neurons and astrocytes. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:332-42. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Petters
- Center for Biomedical Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany,
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Bremen, Germany, and
| | - Karsten Thiel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Center for Biomedical Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany,
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Bremen, Germany, and
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35
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Petters C, Dringen R. Accumulation of iron oxide nanoparticles by cultured primary neurons. Neurochem Int 2015; 81:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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Transendothelial Transport and Its Role in Therapeutics. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:309404. [PMID: 27355037 PMCID: PMC4897564 DOI: 10.1155/2014/309404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Present review paper highlights role of BBB in endothelial transport of various substances into the brain. More specifically, permeability functions of BBB in transendothelial transport of various substances such as metabolic fuels, ethanol, amino acids, proteins, peptides, lipids, vitamins, neurotransmitters, monocarbxylic acids, gases, water, and minerals in the peripheral circulation and into the brain have been widely explained. In addition, roles of various receptors, ATP powered pumps, channels, and transporters in transport of vital molecules in maintenance of homeostasis and normal body functions have been described in detail. Major role of integral membrane proteins, carriers, or transporters in drug transport is highlighted. Both diffusion and carrier mediated transport mechanisms which facilitate molecular trafficking through transcellular route to maintain influx and outflux of important nutrients and metabolic substances are elucidated. Present review paper aims to emphasize role of important transport systems with their recent advancements in CNS protection mainly for providing a rapid clinical aid to patients. This review also suggests requirement of new well-designed therapeutic strategies mainly potential techniques, appropriate drug formulations, and new transport systems for quick, easy, and safe delivery of drugs across blood brain barrier to save the life of tumor and virus infected patients.
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37
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Upadhyay RK. Drug delivery systems, CNS protection, and the blood brain barrier. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:869269. [PMID: 25136634 PMCID: PMC4127280 DOI: 10.1155/2014/869269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Present review highlights various drug delivery systems used for delivery of pharmaceutical agents mainly antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, neuropeptides, and other therapeutic substances through the endothelial capillaries (BBB) for CNS therapeutics. In addition, the use of ultrasound in delivery of therapeutic agents/biomolecules such as proline rich peptides, prodrugs, radiopharmaceuticals, proteins, immunoglobulins, and chimeric peptides to the target sites in deep tissue locations inside tumor sites of brain has been explained. In addition, therapeutic applications of various types of nanoparticles such as chitosan based nanomers, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, niosomes, beta cyclodextrin carriers, cholesterol mediated cationic solid lipid nanoparticles, colloidal drug carriers, liposomes, and micelles have been discussed with their recent advancements. Emphasis has been given on the need of physiological and therapeutic optimization of existing drug delivery methods and their carriers to deliver therapeutic amount of drug into the brain for treatment of various neurological diseases and disorders. Further, strong recommendations are being made to develop nanosized drug carriers/vehicles and noninvasive therapeutic alternatives of conventional methods for better therapeutics of CNS related diseases. Hence, there is an urgent need to design nontoxic biocompatible drugs and develop noninvasive delivery methods to check posttreatment clinical fatalities in neuropatients which occur due to existing highly toxic invasive drugs and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant Upadhyay
- Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India
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38
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Petters C, Irrsack E, Koch M, Dringen R. Uptake and metabolism of iron oxide nanoparticles in brain cells. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1648-60. [PMID: 25011394 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are used for various applications in biomedicine, for example as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging, for cell tracking and for anti-tumor treatment. However, IONPs are also known for their toxic effects on cells and tissues which are at least in part caused by iron-mediated radical formation and oxidative stress. The potential toxicity of IONPs is especially important concerning the use of IONPs for neurobiological applications as alterations in brain iron homeostasis are strongly connected with human neurodegenerative diseases. Since IONPs are able to enter the brain, potential adverse consequences of an exposure of brain cells to IONPs have to be considered. This article describes the pathways that allow IONPs to enter the brain and summarizes the current knowledge on the uptake, the metabolism and the toxicity of IONPs for the different types of brain cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Petters
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany
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Singh D, McMillan JM, Kabanov AV, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Gendelman HE. Bench-to-bedside translation of magnetic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:501-16. [PMID: 24910878 PMCID: PMC4150086 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a new and promising addition to the spectrum of biomedicines. Their promise revolves around the broad versatility and biocompatibility of the MNPs and their unique physicochemical properties. Guided by applied external magnetic fields, MNPs represent a cutting-edge tool designed to improve diagnosis and therapy of a broad range of inflammatory, infectious, genetic and degenerative diseases. Magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug and gene delivery, cell tracking, protein bioseparation and tissue engineering are but a few applications being developed for MNPs. MNPs toxicities linked to shape, size and surface chemistry are real and must be addressed before clinical use is realized. This article presents both the promise and perils of this new nanotechnology, with an eye towards opportunity in translational medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirender Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
| | - JoEllyn M McMillan
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
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40
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Singh D, McMillan JM, Kabanov AV, Sokolsky-Papkov M, Gendelman HE. Bench-to-bedside translation of magnetic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:501-16. [PMID: 24910878 PMCID: PMC4150086 DOI: 10.2217/nmm.14.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a new and promising addition to the spectrum of biomedicines. Their promise revolves around the broad versatility and biocompatibility of the MNPs and their unique physicochemical properties. Guided by applied external magnetic fields, MNPs represent a cutting-edge tool designed to improve diagnosis and therapy of a broad range of inflammatory, infectious, genetic and degenerative diseases. Magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug and gene delivery, cell tracking, protein bioseparation and tissue engineering are but a few applications being developed for MNPs. MNPs toxicities linked to shape, size and surface chemistry are real and must be addressed before clinical use is realized. This article presents both the promise and perils of this new nanotechnology, with an eye towards opportunity in translational medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirender Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
| | - JoEllyn M McMillan
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
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