1
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Cao G, Wei X, Liu J, Li X. The association between childhood trauma and adolescent cyberbullying: chain mediating roles of emotional intelligence and online social anxiety. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1184382. [PMID: 37324819 PMCID: PMC10267877 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1184382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explored the impact of childhood trauma on adolescent cyberbullying and the mediating roles of emotional intelligence and online social anxiety between them. Methods The Childhood Trauma Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and Chinese Brief Version of the Social Media User Social Anxiety Scale and Cyber Bullying Scale were used to assess 1,046 adolescents [boys: 297, girls: 749, average age = 15.79 years] from four schools in Shandong Province, China. SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results (1) Childhood trauma was positively associated with adolescents' cyberbullying; (2) Emotional intelligence and online social anxiety played partial mediating roles in the relationship between childhood trauma and cyberbullying; (3) Emotional intelligence and online social anxiety played a chain mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and cyberbullying. Conclusion This study reveals the relationship and mediating mechanisms between childhood trauma and cyberbullying. It provides implications for the theory and prevention of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghai Cao
- College of Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
- College of Teacher Education, Jining University, Qufu, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- College of Teacher Education, Jining University, Qufu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Teacher Education, Jining University, Qufu, China
| | - Xianyin Li
- College of Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
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2
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Barberis N, Cannavò M, Trovato M, Verrastro V. Pathways from Trait Emotional Intelligence to factors of distress in Rosacea: The mediating role of Social Phobia and Self-Esteem. J Affect Disord 2023; 331:362-368. [PMID: 36906111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosacea is a skin disease characterized by facial erythema and inflammatory pustules that may result in emotional distress. Social Phobia and Self-Esteem appear to be linked to the development of higher levels of distress in dermatological conditions, while Trait Emotional Intelligence (Trait EI) has been consistently associated with greater levels of adaptation to one's chronic condition. Hence, it seems extremely relevant to observe the interplay between these dimensions in the context of Rosacea. The goal of the current study is to test the hypothesis that an association between Trait EI and General Distress, in individuals with Rosacea would be mediated by Self-Esteem and Social Phobia. METHODS Questionnaires were administered to 224 individuals suffering from Rosacea to assess Trait EI, Social Phobia, Self-Esteem, and General Distress. RESULTS Results highlighted that Trait EI was positively related to Self-Esteem and negatively related to Social Phobia and General Distress. In addition, both Self-Esteem and Social Phobia showed a mediating role in the relationship between Trait EI and General Distress. LIMITATIONS The main limitations of this work consist in the cross-sectional nature of the data, the small number of participants, also it was not possible to differentiate the participants according to the type of rosacea. DISCUSSION These results emphasize how individuals with Rosacea may be vulnerable to internalizing states and how high levels of Trait EI may constitute a protective factor for the onset of distressing states and it would be useful to create programs aimed at fostering Trait EI in Rosacea sufferers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Barberis
- Dipartimento di Scienze della salute. Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marco Cannavò
- Dipartimento di Scienze della salute. Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Trovato
- Dipartimento di Scienze della salute. Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della salute. Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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3
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Emotions in social anxiety disorder: A review. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 95:102696. [PMID: 36878132 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Extant cognitive behavioral models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) have primarily focused on cognitions and behaviors that maintain the disorder. Emotional aspects of SAD have been investigated but have not been sufficiently integrated into current models. To facilitate such integration, we reviewed the literature on emotional constructs (emotional intelligence, emotional knowledge, emotional clarity, emotion differentiation, and emotion regulation), and discrete emotions (anger, shame, embarrassment, loneliness, guilt, pride, and envy) in SAD and social anxiety. We present the studies conducted on these constructs, summarize the main findings, suggest areas for future research, discuss the findings in the context of existing models of SAD and attempt to integrate the findings into these existing models of the disorder. Clinical implications of our findings are also discussed.
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4
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Bi T, Kou H, Xie Q, Dong J. Mediating roles of social anxiety and interpersonal distress in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and loneliness. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2022.2121058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiyong Bi
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hui Kou
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qinhong Xie
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Center for Mental Health Research in School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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5
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Mancini G, Mameli C, Biolcati R. Burnout in Italian primary teachers: The predictive effects of trait emotional intelligence, trait anxiety, and job instability. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 18:168-180. [PMID: 36348695 PMCID: PMC9632545 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Burnout syndrome has recently been recognized as a public health problem, widely observed in educational settings. In this study, we aimed to examine the role played by contextual variables, including job (in)stability and teachers’ personal characteristics, in predicting factors associated with teacher burnout, using a convenience sample of 137 Italian primary school teachers (94.2% female, Age: M = 47.17, SD = 8.88). The findings from the hierarchical regression analyses showed that both trait emotional intelligence (EI) and trait anxiety predicted emotional exhaustion and lack of personal accomplishment in relation to work, with EI having a negative association and anxiety having a positive association with both. As for contextual variables, job instability positively predicted low personal accomplishment, whereas teachers’ working experience predicted emotional exhaustion. We discuss these results in light of the current working environment experienced by Italian teachers, which includes a high percentage of fixed-term workers. Moreover, we examine the implications for research and interventions related to trait EI as a protective factor that might prevent the onset of chronic professional burnout among teachers and increase teachers’ effectiveness and, therefore, pupils’ well-being, resulting in positive educational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mancini
- Department of Education Sciences “G.M. Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Consuelo Mameli
- Department of Education Sciences “G.M. Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Biolcati
- Department of Education Sciences “G.M. Bertin”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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6
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang X, Cheng B, Pan N, Suo X, Gong Q. Emotional intelligence mediates the association between middle temporal gyrus gray matter volume and social anxiety in late adolescence. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1857-1869. [PMID: 33011842 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As a common mental health problem, social anxiety refers to the fear and avoidance of interacting in social or performance situations, which plays a crucial role in many health and social problems. Although a growing body of studies has explored the neuroanatomical alterations related to social anxiety in clinical patients, far fewer have examined the association between social anxiety and brain morphology in the general population, which may help us understand the neural underpinnings of social anxiety more comprehensively. Here, utilizing a voxel-based morphometry approach via structural magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated brain gray matter correlates of social anxiety in 231 recent graduates of the same high school grade. We found that social anxiety was positively associated with gray matter volume in the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), which is a core brain area for cognitive processing of emotions and feelings. Critically, emotional intelligence mediated the impact of right MTG volume on social anxiety. Notably, our results persisted even when controlling for the effects of general anxiety and depression. Altogether, our research reveals right MTG gray matter volume as a neurostructural correlate of social anxiety in a general sample of adolescents and suggests a potential indirect effect of emotional intelligence on the association between gray matter volume and social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Affairs, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China. .,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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7
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Constantin K, Penney AM, Pope CJ, Miedema VC, Tett RP, Mazmanian D. Negative repetitive thoughts clarify the link between trait emotional intelligence and emotional distress. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Shahini N, Talaei A, Salimi Z, Adinepour Sarab M, Gholamzad S, Teimouri A, Hajebi Khaniki S, Kamkar M. Temperament and character traits in substance use disorder in Iran: a case control study. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:138. [PMID: 34511136 PMCID: PMC8436551 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with Substance use disorder have distinct personality traits, they were high score in novelty seeking (NS) and sensation seeking and lower in Self-directedness and higher in Self-transcendence, so we aim to investigate the relationships of temperament and characteristics with related some variables such as substance of choice.
Design and setting A case–control study enrolling 70 Substance use disorder patients and 70 controls was conducted at Mashhad University of medical sciences. Methods Using a case–control design, a group of 70 Substance use disorder patients and 70 controls was conducted at Mashhad university of medical sciences. All participation completed the 240 questions of Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was employed to compare the relationship between temperament and character traits and patterns of substance use. Results The scores of reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence were significantly lower in the case group compared to healthy individuals (P < 0.05). In contrast, the score of novel seeking was significantly higher in the case group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, harm avoidance was not significantly different between the two studied groups (P = 0.637). Conclusions Higher NS in patients with substance use disorder is common and different traits, and temperaments would choose different substance combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Shahini
- Golestan Research Center of Psychiatry (GRCP), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgān, Iran
| | - Ali Talaei
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zanireh Salimi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Moussalreza Adinepour Sarab
- Educational Supervisor of Ibn Sina Hospital and Dr. Hejazi, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shakiba Gholamzad
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Teimouri
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hajebi Khaniki
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadzaman Kamkar
- Golestan Research Center of Psychiatry (GRCP), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgān, Iran
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9
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Costa H, Saavedra F, Fernandes HM. Emotional intelligence and well-being: Associations and sex- and age-effects during adolescence. Work 2021; 69:275-282. [PMID: 33998587 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested that trait and ability-based measures of emotional intelligence (EI) contribute to the promotion of well-being in adults. However, this relationship has not been sufficiently explored among adolescents. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to: i) investigate the associations between EI dimensions and well-being indicators (self-esteem, life satisfaction and social anxiety) in adolescents; and ii) analyze the effect of sex and age on dimensions of EI. METHODS The sample consisted of 1066 adolescents (57.9%girls and 42.1%boys), aged between 11 and 18 years (M = 14.36; SD = 1.58). Participants completed sociodemographic and validated psychosocial measures. RESULTS Correlation analysis indicated that EI dimensions (self-emotion appraisal, use of emotions and regulation of emotions) were positively and moderately correlated with self-esteem and life satisfaction, whereas associations between EI and social anxiety dimensions were small and negative. Boys reported higher levels of self-emotion appraisal, use of emotions and regulation of emotions, whereas girls showed higher levels of other-emotions appraisal. Age was negatively associated with the use of the emotions dimension and positively correlated with the emotional appraisal of others, although both correlation coefficients were small. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings suggest the need and importance of implementing emotional education practices during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Saavedra
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.,Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD-UTAD, Portugal
| | - Helder Miguel Fernandes
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD-UTAD, Portugal.,Research in Education and Community Intervention, RECI- Instituto Piaget, Portugal
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10
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Cui Z, Li Y. The Relationship Between Proactive Behavior and Work-Family Conflict: A Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychol 2021; 12:657863. [PMID: 34012414 PMCID: PMC8126634 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.657863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the linking mechanisms and conditional processes underlying the relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. Considering the conservation of resources theory, we argue that workplace anxiety mediates the relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. Furthermore, we suggest that immediate supervisor perspective taking and employee emotional intelligence moderate this proposed indirect effect. Two-wave, multisource lagged data were collected from 450 employees of seven domestic Chinese firms to examine the hypothesized moderated mediation model. Our findings support the hypothesis that proactive behavior is positively related to work-family conflict and that workplace anxiety partially mediates this relationship. Immediate supervisor perspective taking moderates the positive association of proactive behavior with workplace anxiety and the indirect relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict through workplace anxiety. Emotional intelligence moderates the positive association of proactive behavior with workplace anxiety and the indirect relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict through workplace anxiety. The results deepen our theoretical understanding of the consequences of proactivity by demonstrating the positive associations between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. The current study also contributes to the literature by identifying workplace anxiety as a mediating mechanism explaining the relationship between proactivity and work-family conflict. Furthermore, supervisor perspective taking and employee emotional intelligence moderate the above mediating effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Cui
- Department of Human Resource Management, Yatai College of Business Administration, Jilin University of Finance and Economics, Changchun, China.,Department of Public Service Management, College of Economics and Management, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- Department of Public Relations, College of Economics and Management, Dali University, Dali, China
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11
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Pittelkow MM, Aan Het Rot M, Seidel LJ, Feyel N, Roest AM. Social Anxiety and Empathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Anxiety Disord 2021; 78:102357. [PMID: 33588287 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between social anxiety and affective (AE) and cognitive empathy (CE). METHODS 1442 studies from PsycINFO, Medline, and EMBASE (inception-January 2020) were systematically reviewed. Included studies (N = 48) either predicted variance in empathy using social anxiety scores or compared empathy scores between socially anxious individuals and a control group. RESULTS Social anxiety and AE were statistically significantly positively associated, k = 14, r = .103 (95%CI [.003, .203]), z = 2.03, p = .043. Sex (QM (2) = 18.79, p < .0001), and type of measures (QM (1 = 7.34, p = .007) moderated the association. Correlations were significant for male samples (rmale = .316, (95%CI [.200, .432])) and studies using self-report measures (rself-report = .162 (95%CI [.070, .254])). Overall, social anxiety and CE were not significantly associated, k = 52, r =-.021 (95%CI [-.075, .034]), z= -0.74, p = .459. Sample type moderated the association (QM (1) = 5.03, p < .0001). For clinical samples the association was negative (rclinical= -.112, (95%CI [-.201, -.017]). CONCLUSION There was evidence for a positive association between social anxiety and AE, but future studies are needed to verify the moderating roles of sex and type of measure. Besides, low CE might only hold for patients with SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marije Aan Het Rot
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands; School Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Groningen, Netherlands; Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Nils Feyel
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Annelieke M Roest
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands; Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, Netherlands
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12
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Parker JD, Summerfeldt LJ, Walmsley C, O'Byrne R, Dave HP, Crane AG. Trait emotional intelligence and interpersonal relationships: Results from a 15-year longitudinal study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Childhood Maltreatment Affects Depression and Anxiety: the Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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14
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McCarthy SA, Ford TC, Lomas JE, Stough C. Subclinical autistic traits mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and resiliency in adolescents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Teruel P, Salavera C, Usán P, Antoñanzas JL. Inteligencia emocional centrada en uno mismo y en el otro: Escala Rotterdam de Inteligencia Emocional (REIS). UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-4.iecm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue la adaptación y validación al español de la Escala de Inteligencia Emocional de Rotterdam (REIS) (Pekaar, Bakker, van der Linden, & Born, 2018) (N = 384, edad = 29.32 años). Se realizaron dos estudios: 1) la traducción de la escala REIS al español y se evaluó su consistencia interna, estructura factorial y validez convergente; y 2) el análisis factorial confirmatorio del cuestionario. Se obtuvieron cuatro factores: evaluación emocional centrada en sí mismo, evaluación de emociones centrada en otros, regulación de la emoción centrada en uno mismo y regulación de las emociones enfocadas en los otros. El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró claramente que los factores de la escala REIS presentan una varianza acumulada del 56.07 %, que mostraron ser capaces de explicar la variación única de inteligencia emocional. Por su parte, el análisis factorial confirmatorio verificó la adecuación del modelo, con una estructura sustentable compuesta por los cuatro factores identificados y 28 ítems. El REIS es un instrumento fácil de comprender y rápido de completar, por lo que se considera útil para la evaluación de la inteligencia emocional en población española.
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Szcześniak M, Strochalska K. Temperament and Sense of Coherence: Emotional Intelligence as a Mediator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010219. [PMID: 31892262 PMCID: PMC6981951 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sense of coherence (SOC) reflects an individual’s capacity and available resources to deal with stressful situations. For some time now studies have revealed that people differ in their experience of SOC; yet, very little is known about how and through which mechanisms a high level of SOC is formed. In order to increase our understanding about the paths to a high SOC in the stage of adulthood, we focused on exploring the role both of temperament, as it has been confirmed as a potential component in the development of more complex traits that emerge later in life, and of emotional intelligence (EI) as it has been found to increase SOC. The sample consisted of 173 participants between 18 and 49. We used the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ), and Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (INTE). Results showed a negative correlation between the depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious dimensions of temperament and SOC, and EI. There was also a positive correlation between hyperthymic temperament and SOC, and EI. EI correlated positively with a general sense of coherence and its three dimensions. The PROCESS macro for SPSS showed that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious temperament, comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness, and global orientation to life. On the basis of the obtained outcomes, it can be stated that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between dimensions of temperament and dimensions of SOC.
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17
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Dave HP, Keefer KV, Snetsinger SW, Holden RR, Parker JDA. Stability and Change in Trait Emotional Intelligence in Emerging Adulthood: A Four-Year Population-Based Study. J Pers Assess 2019; 103:57-66. [PMID: 31825253 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2019.1693386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Trait Emotional Intelligence (EI)-related competencies are in growing demand in educational and vocational settings. The present study assesses the developmental dynamics of trait EI in emerging adulthood by capitalizing on the inclusion of a measure of trait EI in the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) called the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Mini (EQ-i: Mini). A sample of 1064 young adults (50% female) from ages 20-21 to 24-25 years was used to assess 4-year rank-order stability and mean-level change of trait EI, as well as whether the EQ-i: Mini functions equivalently over time (longitudinal measurement invariance). Results revealed full configural, partial metric, and scalar invariance of the construct for this time period. The Stress Management subscale achieved invariance at the residual level. After controlling for partial non-invariance, moderate levels of rank-order stability coefficients were found, suggesting malleability of the construct during emerging adulthood. Consistent with the maturity principle, there was a moderate increase in trait EI (specifically in the Interpersonal and Adaptability subscales). The malleability of trait EI suggests opportunities for enhancing socioemotional competencies in emerging adults, such as through formal and continuing education programing, on-the-job training, and targeted employment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiten P Dave
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Chen S. Chinese Adolescents' Emotional Intelligence, Perceived Social Support, and Resilience-The Impact of School Type Selection. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1299. [PMID: 31244719 PMCID: PMC6579893 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Choosing a school that can best assist children's development has become one of the major concerns of Chinese parents. To categorize schools by where students stay after school, this paper consider boarding schools or day schools as two major school types. This study examined the relationships among emotional intelligence (EI), perceived social support (from friends and family), and resilience for 493 Chinese adolescents (male = 249, female = 244; mean age = 13.9, SD = 0.71), and investigated how school type difference impacts these relationships. This research first used a moderator analysis to investigate the effects of trait emotional intelligence on resilience by perceived social support from family and friends, respectively. Results show that social support from family was non-significant, while support from friends was significant in moderating the relationship between EI and resilience. Furthermore, a moderated moderation analysis was used to understand if moderation by school type of perceived social support differs in the effect of trait EI on resilience. Results indicated that the magnitude of the moderation by social support from friends depended on school type. For students who have lower perceived friend support, boarding school experiences provided a stronger positive relationship between trait EI and resilience than day school experience. Ways to enhance students' perceived social support are discussed, along with the limitations of the current research and recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Dave HP, Keefer KV, Snetsinger SW, Holden RR, Parker JDA. Predicting the Pursuit of Post-Secondary Education: Role of Trait Emotional Intelligence in a Longitudinal Study. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1182. [PMID: 31178797 PMCID: PMC6543007 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trait Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a constellation of emotional self-perceptions and dispositions related to perceiving, understanding, using, and managing emotions of self and others. Although higher trait EI has been implicated in post-secondary success among university students. There is lack of evidence for whether it predicts the pursuit of post-secondary education (PSE) in emerging adulthood. This was the first study to investigate the role of trait EI in PSE pursuit using a large, nationally-representative sample of Canadian young adults who participated in the National Longitudinal Survey for Children and Youth (NLSCY). Participants in this dataset reported on their PSE status at three biennial waves (age 20-21, 22-23, and 24-25), and completed a four-factor self-report scale for trait EI (Emotional Quotient Inventory: Mini) at ages 20-21 and 24-25. Higher trait EI subscale scores were significantly associated with greater likelihood of PSE participation both concurrently, and at 2- and 4-year follow-ups. Overall, these associations were larger for men than women. The finding that these links persisted over a multi-year period is particularly promising, as it represents an important validation step toward further investment in socioemotional competencies as part of youth development interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiten P Dave
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kateryna V Keefer
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ronald R Holden
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - James D A Parker
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
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Wilson CA, Saklofske DH. The relationship between trait emotional intelligence, resiliency, and mental health in older adults: the mediating role of savouring. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:646-654. [PMID: 28282726 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1292207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study explores savouring, defined as the process of attending to positive experiences, as a mediator in the relationships between resiliency, trait emotional intelligence (EI), and subjective mental health in older adults. Following Fredrickson's Broaden and Build Theory of positive emotions, the present study aims to extend our understanding of the underlying processes that link resiliency and trait EI with self-reported mental health in older adulthood. METHOD A sample of 149 adults aged 65 and over (M = 73.72) were recruited from retirement homes and community groups. Participants completed measures of resiliency, savouring, trait EI, and subjective mental health either online or in a paper format. RESULTS Path analysis revealed that savouring fully mediated the relationship between resiliency and mental health. However, trait EI did not significantly predict mental health in this sample. CONCLUSION These findings provided partial support for the Broaden and Build Theory of positive emotions. As anticipated, savouring imitated the broadening effect of positive emotions by mediating the relationship between resiliency and mental health. However, savouring failed to reflect the undoing effect of positive emotions and did not mediate the relationship between EI and mental health. These findings have implications for positive psychology exercises and may be a simple, yet effective means of improving the life quality of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Wilson
- a Department of Psychology , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - Donald H Saklofske
- a Department of Psychology , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5C2, Canada
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21
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Feiler AR, Powell DM. The Role of Self-focused Attention and Negative Self-thought in Interview Anxiety: A test of two interventions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijsa.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Feiler
- Department of Psychology; University of Guelph; Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Deborah M. Powell
- Department of Psychology; University of Guelph; Guelph Ontario Canada
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22
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Emotional intelligence, job insecurity, and psychological strain among real estate agents: a test of mediation and moderation models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2015.1091369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mestre JM, Larrán C, Herrero J, Guil R, de la Torre GG. PERVALE-S: a new cognitive task to assess deaf people's ability to perceive basic and social emotions. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1148. [PMID: 26300828 PMCID: PMC4528103 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A poorly understood aspect of deaf people (DP) is how their emotional information is processed. Verbal ability is key to improve emotional knowledge in people. Nevertheless, DP are unable to distinguish intonation, intensity, and the rhythm of language due to lack of hearing. Some DP have acquired both lip-reading abilities and sign language, but others have developed only sign language. PERVALE-S was developed to assess the ability of DP to perceive both social and basic emotions. PERVALE-S presents different sets of visual images of a real deaf person expressing both basic and social emotions, according to the normative standard of emotional expressions in Spanish Sign Language. Emotional expression stimuli were presented at two different levels of intensity (1: low; and 2: high) because DP do not distinguish an object in the same way as hearing people (HP) do. Then, participants had to click on the more suitable emotional expression. PERVALE-S contains video instructions (given by a sign language interpreter) to improve DP's understanding about how to use the software. DP had to watch the videos before answering the items. To test PERVALE-S, a sample of 56 individuals was recruited (18 signers, 8 lip-readers, and 30 HP). Participants also performed a personality test (High School Personality Questionnaire adapted) and a fluid intelligence (Gf) measure (RAPM). Moreover, all deaf participants were rated by four teachers for the deaf. RESULTS there were no significant differences between deaf and HP in performance in PERVALE-S. Confusion matrices revealed that embarrassment, envy, and jealousy were worse perceived. Age was just related to social-emotional tasks (but not in basic emotional tasks). Emotional perception ability was related mainly to warmth and consciousness, but negatively related to tension. Meanwhile, Gf was related to only social-emotional tasks. There were no gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Mestre
- Laboratorio de Inteligencia Emocional, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de CádizCadiz, Spain
| | - Cristina Larrán
- Laboratorio de Inteligencia Emocional, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de CádizCadiz, Spain
| | - Joaquín Herrero
- Centro de Educación Especial para Sordos, Junta de AndalucíaJerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - Rocío Guil
- Laboratorio de Inteligencia Emocional, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de CádizCadiz, Spain
| | - Gabriel G. de la Torre
- Laboratorio de Inteligencia Emocional, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de CádizCadiz, Spain
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Nolidin K, Downey LA, Hansen K, Schweitzer I, Stough C. Associations between social anxiety and emotional intelligence within clinically depressed patients. Psychiatr Q 2013; 84:513-21. [PMID: 23632828 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-013-9263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in emotional intelligence (EI) have been found in individuals with high general and social anxiety; however, no studies have examined this relationship in a clinically depressed population. Thirty-one patients (11 male, 20 female) with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of a major affective disorder and 28 non-clinical controls (5 male, 23 female) completed self-report instruments assessing EI, depression and social anxiety. Compared to a control group, the clinical group scored lower on the EI dimensions of Emotional Recognition and Expression, Understanding Emotions, Emotional Management, and Emotional Control. Regression analyses revealed Emotional Control was a significant predictor of interaction, performance, and generalised social anxiety. Self-report measures of EI may have predictive value in terms of early identification of those at risk of developing social anxiety and depression. The current study points to the potential value of conducting further studies of a prospective nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Nolidin
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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25
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O'Toole MS, Hougaard E, Mennin DS. Social anxiety and emotion knowledge: a meta-analysis. J Anxiety Disord 2013; 27:98-108. [PMID: 23247206 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that social anxiety is associated with poor emotion knowledge (EK), although studies have revealed mixed results. The aim of the present paper was to systematically investigate the association between EK and both non-clinical and clinical social anxiety by means of meta-analyses. Systematic, electronic database literature searches were performed, and meta-analyses were conducted on 43 included studies. Results showed that social anxiety was negatively associated with EK. The strongest association was found between clinical levels of social anxiety and the ability to understand one's own emotions (intrapersonal EK). Regarding interpersonal EK, a subgroup analysis showed that social anxiety was more strongly associated with a decreased ability to understand complex emotions than to recognize basic emotions. No differences were found between patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and patients with other anxiety disorders. Although a large between study heterogeneity and differing methodologies may prevent any firm conclusions from being reached, the results indicate that poor EK may play an important role in SAD, and that it could be beneficial to target EK in the treatment of SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S O'Toole
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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26
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Keefer KV, Parker JD, Wood LM. Trait Emotional Intelligence and University Graduation Outcomes. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0734282912449446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the utility of trait emotional intelligence (EI) for predicting students’ university graduation outcomes six years after enrolment in university. At the start of the program, 1,015 newly registered students completed a brief multidimensional self-report EI assessment and provided consent to track their subsequent degree progress via official university records. Using latent profile analysis (LPA), participants were sorted into five classes that differed in the overall EI level and in the relative strengths and weaknesses on individual EI dimensions. Greater likelihood of degree noncompletion at the 6-year follow-up was uniquely associated with having a low-EI profile with particularly pronounced weaknesses in the interpersonal and stress management domains, after controlling for high school grades and gender. Comparative levels of predictive utility could not be achieved by examining scores on each EI dimension independently. Authors discuss practical advantages of LPA over traditional variable-centered approaches for identifying and assisting students at risk for degree noncompletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna V. Keefer
- Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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27
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Sutterby SR, Bedwell JS, Passler JS, Deptula AE, Mesa F. Social anxiety and social cognition: the influence of sex. Psychiatry Res 2012; 197:242-5. [PMID: 22424909 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Current theoretical models predict a negative relationship between social anxiety and performance on measures of social cognition, yet there appears to be relatively little research that directly examines this relationship and the potential interaction of sex. Two samples of undergraduates self-reporting either a high (n=27; 59% female) or low (n=29; 62% female) level of social anxiety on the abbreviated Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory completed two social cognition measures: the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (Eyes Test) and The Awareness of Social Inference Test-Parts 2 and 3). A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant group by sex interaction on overall social cognition performance. Follow-up analyses indicated that males with high and low levels of social anxiety did not differ on any of the social cognition measures. In contrast, females with high social anxiety performed significantly better on the Eyes Test and the TASIT-Part 3 than females with low social anxiety. Contrary to expectations, results of this study suggest that females with high social anxiety may exhibit better-developed social cognition abilities than those with low social anxiety. These preliminary results have clinical implications in the treatment of individuals with social phobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Sutterby
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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28
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Zeidner M, Matthews G, Roberts RD. The Emotional Intelligence, Health, and Well-Being Nexus: What Have We Learned and What Have We Missed? Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2011; 4:1-30. [PMID: 26286968 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the claimed pivotal role of emotional intelligence (EI) in well-being and health. Specifically, we examine the utility of EI in predicting health and well-being and point to future research issues that the field might profitably explore. EI is predictive of various indicators of well-being, as well as both physical and psychological health, but existing research has methodological limitations including over-reliance on self-report measures, and neglect of overlap between EI and personality measures. Interventions focusing on emotional perception, understanding and expression, and emotion regulation, seem potentially important for improving health and well-being, but research on EI has not yet made a major contribution to therapeutic practice. Future research, using a finer-grained approach to measurement of both predictors and criteria might most usefully focus on intra- and inter-personal processes that may mediate effects of EI on health. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_8JZX1Uc4k.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Zeidner
- Laboratory for Research in Personality, Emotions, and Individual Differences, University of Haifa, Israel.
| | - Gerald Matthews
- University of Haifa, IsraelUniversity of Cincinnati, USAEducational Testing Service (ETS), Philadelphia, USA
| | - Richard D Roberts
- University of Haifa, IsraelUniversity of Cincinnati, USAEducational Testing Service (ETS), Philadelphia, USA
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Hampel S, Weis S, Hiller W, Witthöft M. The relations between social anxiety and social intelligence: a latent variable analysis. J Anxiety Disord 2011; 25:545-53. [PMID: 21315550 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Social anxiety has been associated with biases in cognitive processing and deficits in social performances. Yet, it remains unclear if these variations may be partly attributable to deficits in fundamental social abilities: for example, social intelligence (SI). Using the Magdeburg Test of Social Intelligence (MTSI) as an objective and performance based SI measure, we examined the relationship between social anxiety and SI in a general population sample (N=110) using Structural Equation Modeling. Dimensions of social anxiety as postulated by Clark and Wells (1995) and facets of SI (social understanding, social memory, and social perception), were negatively correlated. Use of safety-behavior in particular was related to deficits in social understanding (r=-0.25; p<0.05) and social perception and memory (r=-0.24; p<0.05). Results suggest small to medium sized relationships between specific facets of social anxiety and certain domains of SI. Therapeutic implications for socially anxious individuals concerning SI are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hampel
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
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30
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Jiménez MI, López-Zafra E. Actitudes sociales y adaptación social en adolescentes españoles: el papel de la inteligencia emocional percibida. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1174/021347411794078417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Martins A, Ramalho N, Morin E. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and health. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Summerfeldt LJ, Kloosterman PH, Antony MM, McCabe RE, Parker JDA. Emotional Intelligence in Social Phobia and Other Anxiety Disorders. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-010-9199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Does item overlap account for the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and psychopathology in preadolescents? PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Emotional intelligence of leaders: a profile of top executives. LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1108/01437730910927115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Tse WS, Yip T. Relationship among dispositional forgiveness of others, interpersonal adjustment and psychological well-being: Implication for interpersonal theory of depression. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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