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The promotive effects of peer support and active coping in relation to negative life events and depression in Chinese adolescents at boarding schools. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hiyoshi A, Berg L, Grotta A, Almquist Y, Rostila M. Parental death in childhood and pathways to increased mortality across the life course in Stockholm, Sweden: A cohort study. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003549. [PMID: 33705393 PMCID: PMC7951838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the experience of parental death during childhood is associated with increased mortality risk. However, few studies have examined potential pathways that may explain these findings. The aim of this study is to examine whether familial and behavioural factors during adolescence and socioeconomic disadvantages in early adulthood mediate the association between loss of a parent at age 0 to 12 and all-cause mortality by the age of 63. METHODS AND FINDINGS A cohort study was conducted using data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study for 12,615 children born in 1953, with information covering 1953 to 2016. Familial and behavioural factors at age 13 to 19 included psychiatric and alcohol problems in the surviving parent, receipt of social assistance, and delinquent behaviour in the offspring. Socioeconomic disadvantage in early adulthood included educational attainment, occupational social class, and income at age 27 to 37. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models, combined with a multimediator analysis, to separate direct and indirect effects of parental death on all-cause mortality. Among the 12,582 offspring in the study (men 51%; women 49%), about 3% experienced the death of a parent in childhood. During follow-up from the age of 38 to 63, there were 935 deaths among offspring. Parental death was associated with an elevated risk of mortality after adjusting for demographic and household socioeconomic characteristics at birth (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.52 [95% confidence interval: 1.10 to 2.08, p-value = 0.010]). Delinquent behaviour in adolescence and income during early adulthood were the most influential mediators, and the indirect associations through these variables were HR 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06, 0.029) and HR 1.04 (1.01 to 1.07, 0.029), respectively. After accounting for these indirect paths, the direct path was attenuated to HR 1.35 (0.98 to 1.85, 0.066). The limitations of the study include that the associations may be partly due to genetic, social, and behavioural residual confounding, that statistical power was low in some of the subgroup analyses, and that there might be other relevant paths that were not investigated in the present study. CONCLUSIONS Our findings from this cohort study suggest that childhood parental death is associated with increased mortality and that the association was mediated through a chain of disadvantages over the life course including delinquency in adolescence and lower income during early adulthood. Professionals working with bereaved children should take the higher mortality risk in bereaved offspring into account and consider its lifelong consequences. When planning and providing support to bereaved children, it may be particularly important to be aware of their increased susceptibility to delinquency and socioeconomic vulnerability that eventually lead to higher mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hiyoshi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa Berg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Grotta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ylva Almquist
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rostila
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wittenborn AK, Natamba BK, Rainey M, Zlotnick C, Johnson J. Suitability of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support as a measure of functional social support among incarcerated adults with major depressive disorder. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:960-976. [PMID: 31951288 PMCID: PMC9365427 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) is a 12-item measure of functional social support (SS); however, the psychometric properties of the MSPSS have not been evaluated in prisoners. We used measures of known-groups validity, convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency reliability and factor structure to assess the suitability of the MSPSS for measuring SS among 184 individuals in prison in the U.S., who were diagnosed with depression. The MSPSS was correlated with scores on scales measuring related constructs (i.e., loneliness), and uncorrelated with unrelated constructs (i.e., verbal ability). Correlations among items of the MSPSS on the same subscale were large, and small to moderate among items of different subscales. The overall Cronbach's α for the scale was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the theorized three-factor solution for the MSPSS (i.e., significant other, family, and friends) provided a good fit for the data. We recommend using the MSPSS to measure perceived SS among incarcerated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K. Wittenborn
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Barnabas K. Natamba
- Division of Public Health, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, Michigan
| | - Melinda Rainey
- Division of Public Health, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, Michigan
| | - Caron Zlotnick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Butler Hospital and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Division of Public Health, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, Michigan
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Chung YR, Hong JW, Kim BB, Kim JS, Noh IS, Wee JH, Kim NH, Bae SM, Lim MH. ADHD, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and alcohol problem in Korean juvenile delinquency. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19423. [PMID: 32176068 PMCID: PMC7220051 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence rates of externalizing symptom, ADHD, as well as internalizing symptoms, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, self-esteem, and alcohol problem in Korea juvenile delinquency for the first time in Korea. A case-control study design was used. It also examined the associations with ADHD, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and alcohol problem between the Juvenile Delinquency group and the comparison group in Korea.A series of questionnaires were provided to a total of 251 participants (149 from the juvenile delinquency group and 102 from the comparison group) from October 2015 to December 2015 in Korea. All participants were evaluated using KARS, SSI, BDI, BAI, RSI, and CAGE. This study showed the relationship between ADHD, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and alcohol problem in Korean juvenile delinquency. Also this study showed that ADHD and self-esteem were important factors in predicting juvenile delinquency. Therefore, in order to prevent juvenile delinquency, special attention, and consideration are needed for adolescents with high ADHD or low self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Rae Chung
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University
| | - Jeong-Won Hong
- National Institution of Protection and Observation, Cheonan
| | - Byung-Bae Kim
- National Institution of Protection and Observation, Kwacheon
| | - Jun-Seong Kim
- National Institution of Protection and Observation, Cheonan
| | | | | | - Nam Hee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Sung Man Bae
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Lim
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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Paalman C, van Domburgh L, Stevens G, Vermeiren R, van de Ven P, Branje S, Frijns T, Meeus W, Koot H, van Lier P, Jansen L, Doreleijers T. Internalizing and externalizing problems in immigrant boys and girls. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025414538554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal study explores differences between native Dutch and immigrant Moroccan adolescents in the relationship between internalizing and externalizing problems across time. By using generalized estimating equations (GEE), the strength and stability of associations between internalizing and externalizing problems in 159 Moroccan and 159 Dutch adolescents was studied over a period of 4 years. No differences in strength of co-occurring problems were found between Moroccan and Dutch adolescents. However, for Moroccan adolescents, associations between problems increased over time, whereas in Dutch adolescents, associations remained stable. The increase of co-occurring problems may be a result of undertreatment and increasing complexity of problems in Moroccans during adolescence. The results of this study imply that investigating processes leading to co-occurring problems in subgroups of adolescents, such as immigrant youths, is needed to optimize prevention and intervention efforts.
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Individual, family and offence characteristics of high risk childhood offenders: comparing non-offending, one-time offending and re-offending Dutch-Moroccan migrant children in the Netherlands. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2011; 5:33. [PMID: 22014276 PMCID: PMC3219550 DOI: 10.1186/1753-2000-5-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood offenders are at an increased risk for developing mental health, social and educational problems later in life. An early onset of offending is a strong predictor for future persistent offending. Childhood offenders from ethnic minority groups are a vulnerable at-risk group. However, up until now, no studies have focused on them. AIMS To investigate which risk factors are associated with (re-)offending of childhood offenders from an ethnic minority. METHOD Dutch-Moroccan boys, who were registered by the police in the year 2006-2007, and their parents as well as a control group (n = 40) were interviewed regarding their individual and family characteristics. Two years later a follow-up analysis of police data was conducted to identify one-time offenders (n = 65) and re-offenders (n = 35). RESULTS All groups, including the controls, showed substantial problems. Single parenthood (OR 6.0) and financial problems (OR 3.9) distinguished one-time offenders from controls. Reading problems (OR 3.8), having an older brother (OR 5.5) and a parent having Dutch friends (OR 4.3) distinguished re-offenders from one-time offenders. First offence characteristics were not predictive for re-offending. The control group reported high levels of emotional problems (33.3%). Parents reported not needing help for their children but half of the re-offender's families were known to the Child Welfare Agency, mostly in a juridical framework. CONCLUSION The Moroccan subgroup of childhood offenders has substantial problems that might hamper healthy development. Interventions should focus on reaching these families tailored to their needs and expectations using a multi-system approach.
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Johnson JE, Esposito-Smythers C, Miranda R, Rizzo CJ, Justus AN, Clum G. Gender, social support, and depression in criminal justice-involved adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2011; 55:1096-109. [PMID: 20937728 PMCID: PMC3727890 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x10382637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Knowing where criminal justice-involved teens look for support and whether those supports reduce depression has important and possibly gender-specific treatment implications for this vulnerable population. This study examines the relationships between social support and depression in a mixed-gender sample of 198 incarcerated adolescents. Greater support from families and overall and greater satisfaction with supports predicted lower depression for boys and girls. Support from siblings and extended family strongly predicted lower depression; support from parents and from friends was either not related or only weakly related to depression. Girls reported higher levels of depression, more support from friends and extended family, and less support from parents than did boys. Family, sibling, and overall support were stronger predictors of depression for girls than for boys. Results suggest that nonparent family members, especially siblings and extended family, provide important emotional resources for teens in the criminal justice system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, 700 Butler Drive, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
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Monahan KC, Goldweber A, Cauffman E. The effects of visitation on incarcerated juvenile offenders: how contact with the outside impacts adjustment on the inside. LAW AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2011; 35:143-151. [PMID: 20376544 DOI: 10.1007/s10979-010-9220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates how visitation from parents impacts youths' mental health in the first two months of incarceration in a secure juvenile facility. A diverse sample of 276 male, newly incarcerated serious adolescent offenders (14-17 years) was interviewed over a 60-day period. Results indicate that youth who receive visits from parents report more rapid declines in depressive symptoms over time compared to youth who do not receive parental visits. Moreover, these effects are cumulative, such that the greater number of visits from parents, the greater the decrease in depressive symptoms. Importantly, the protective effect of receiving parental visits during incarceration exists regardless of the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship. Policy changes that facilitate visitation may be key for easing adjustment during the initial period of incarceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Monahan
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98115-2024, USA.
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Lindsey MA, Joe S, Nebbitt V. Family Matters: The Role of Mental Health Stigma and Social Support on Depressive Symptoms and Subsequent Help Seeking Among African American Boys. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 36:458-482. [PMID: 20953336 DOI: 10.1177/0095798409355796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
African American adolescent boys underutilize mental health service due to stigma associated with depression. Gaining an increased understanding of how depressed, African American adolescent boys perceive their mental health needs and engage in help-seeking behaviors might play an essential role in efforts to improve their symptoms and access to care. Using a mixed-methods design, this study examined the influence of mental health stigma and social support on depressive symptoms among African American adolescent boys. Findings indicated the protective effects of social support in decreasing depressive symptoms, especially when participants experienced mental health stigma. Results also revealed the pivotal role of family social support over both professional and peer support for participants who struggled with depressive symptoms. The primacy of family support among the sample, combined with the frequent distrust of professionals and peer networks, would indicate that working with families may improve initial identification of depression among African American adolescent boys and decrease their barriers to care.
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Ford JD, Chapman JF, Pearson G, Borum R, Wolpaw JM. Psychometric Status and Clinical Utility of the MAYSI-2 with Girls and Boys in Juvenile Detention. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-007-9058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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