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Munda A, Kompan Erzar KL, Peric H, Pongrac Barlovič D. Gestational diabetes perception profiles based on attachment style: a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:773-780. [PMID: 38478077 PMCID: PMC11101504 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a prevalent complication in pregnancy that requires effective self-management, which can be influenced by illness perceptions. Moreover, behavioral regulation can be affected by attachment styles. Thus, our study aimed to identify common GDM perception profiles and test their association with attachment styles. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 446 women completed the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and additional items about GDM diagnosis, information, competence, adherence, behavioral change. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to determine GDM perception profiles. Multinomial logistic regression followed to calculate the association between GDM perception profiles and attachment styles. RESULTS Three distinct profiles emerged: coping (n = 172, 38.6%)-characterized by the most positive GDM perception, burdened (n = 222, 49.8%)-indicating the emotional burden of the disease, and resourceless (n = 52, 11.7%)-reporting lack of resources (i.e. information, competence). Women with insecure attachment styles were more likely to develop a burdened GDM perception profile. Specifically, the expression of a fearful (OR = 1.184 [95%CI: 1.03; 1.36], p = 0.016) and a preoccupied (OR = 1.154 [95%CI: 1.01; 1.32], p = 0.037) attachment style increased the likelihood for a burdened perception profile, while a secure attachment style (OR = 10.791 [95%CI: 0.65; 0.96], p = 0.017) decreased likelihood for developing resourceless GDM perception profile. CONCLUSIONS Three GDM perception profiles were identified and the role of attachment styles in shaping these perceptions was confirmed. Further studies are needed to investigate whether a tailored treatment approach based on the predominant attachment style could lead to more positive GDM perceptions, improved glycemic control, and better perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Munda
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska Cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Helena Peric
- Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Draženka Pongrac Barlovič
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska Cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Bonadonna LV, Guerrero E, McClendon T, Union S, Kabbani D, Wittmann D, Cohn J, Veltman J. Evaluation of an HIV homecare program for lost-to-follow-up populations: a mixed methods study in Detroit, Michigan. AIDS Res Ther 2024; 21:21. [PMID: 38609992 PMCID: PMC11015688 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-024-00608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in clinical care is a global priority. In the Metro Detroit area of Michigan, approximately 30% of PLWHIV are out of care. To re-engage lost-to-follow-up patients, Wayne Health Infectious Disease clinic launched an innovative Homecare program in 2017. In addition to home healthcare delivery, the program included links to community resources and quarterly community meetings. We aimed to evaluate Homecare's impact on participants' ability to stay engaged in HIV care and reach viral suppression. We included data from PLWHIV and their healthcare workers. METHODS We used a convergent mixed-methods design, including first year program record review, semi-structured interviews, and a validated Likert scale questionnaire rating illness perception before and after Homecare. Interview data were collected from 15 PLWHIV in Metro Detroit and two healthcare workers responsible for program delivery. Semi-structured interviews focused on obstacles to clinic-based care, support networks, and illness perceptions. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic approach. A fully coded analysis was used to create a conceptual framework of factors contributing to Homecare's success. Means in eight categories of the Brief Illness Perception (IPQ) were compared using paired T-tests. RESULTS In the first year of Homecare, 28 of 34 participants (82%) became virally suppressed at least once. The program offered (1) social support and stigma reduction through strong relationships with healthcare workers, (2) removal of physical and resource barriers such as transportation, and (3) positive changes in illness perceptions. PLWHIV worked towards functional coping strategies, including improvements in emotional regulation, acceptance of their diagnosis, and more positive perspectives of control. Brief-IPQ showed significant changes in six domains before and after Homecare. CONCLUSION Homecare offers an innovative system for successfully re-engaging and maintaining lost-to-follow-up PLWHIV in care. These findings have implications for HIV control efforts and could inform the development of future programs for difficult to reach populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Bonadonna
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - E Guerrero
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - S Union
- Wayne Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - D Kabbani
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - J Cohn
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - J Veltman
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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3
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Hou J, Fu R, Jiang T, Yu NX. Dyadic typology of illness perceptions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Serodiscordant couples. J Psychosom Res 2024; 176:111563. [PMID: 38103280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Illness perceptions direct coping resources in the illness adaptation process. Previous studies regarding illness perception profiles have been conducted at the individual level, without considering the couple as a unit. This study aimed to investigate the dyadic topologies of illness perceptions in HIV-serodiscordant couples and the association between the identified profiles and individual- and couple-level outcomes. METHODS A comprehensive examination was undertaken, encompassing 231 Chinese HIV-serodiscordant couples, who voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional study during the period spanning June to October 2022. To discern various patterns of illness perception, dyadic latent profile analyses were performed, followed by the implementation of one-way analyses of variance to investigate outcome differences at both the individual and couple levels across the identified profiles. RESULTS We identified three distinct profiles of illness perception, namely the incongruent-but-low, congruent-but-high, and incongruent-and-high profiles. Except for the partner's sex (p < .01, Cramer' v = 0.214) and the education levels of persons living with HIV and their partners (both p < .01, Cramer' v = 0.236 for persons living with HIV and 0.198 for partners), no significant demographic differences across the various profiles were found. Furthermore, we observed significant differences in all outcomes among the different couple profiles (all p < .001). These differences were of medium-to-large magnitudes (partial η2 values ranging from 0.07 to 0.22). CONCLUSION A couple-centered typological approach provides a useful way of identifying the couple's configuration of illness perceptions, which will inform the provision of tailor-made treatment for couples with different profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Hou
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Taiyi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China.
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4
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Kapetanakis A, Karakatsoulis G, Kyrou D, Ntourou I, Vrontaras N, Tsachouridou O, Meliou M, Basoulis D, Protopapas K, Petrakis V, Leonidou L, Katsarolis I, Metallidis S, Chini M, Psichogiou M, Antoniadou A, Panagopoulos P, Gogos C, Karamanidou C. The impact of frailty and illness perceptions on quality of life among people living with HIV in Greece: A network analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292787. [PMID: 37983204 PMCID: PMC10659206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the significant advances in healthcare, people living with HIV still face challenges that affect their quality of life (QoL), both in terms of their physical state as represented by frailty and of their illness perceptions (IP). The aim of this study was to unravel the associations between these constructs (QoL, frailty, IP). METHODS This multicenter, cross-sectional study included 477 people living with HIV (93% male; median age = 43 years, IQR = 51.7) from six HIV clinics in Greece. Frailty phenotype, QoL and IP were assessed using Fried's criteria, EuroQoL (EQ-5D-5L) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), respectively. Network analysis model was utilized. RESULTS Among frailty criteria, exhaustion had the highest expected influence, while the strongest correlation concerns exhaustion and weak grip strength (pr = 0.14). Regarding the QoL items, usual activities displayed the highest expected influence. The correlations of pain/discomfort with mobility (pr = 0.31), and usual activities with self-care (pr = 0.34) were the strongest. For the BIPQ items, the strongest correlation was found between illness concern and emotional response (pr = 0.45), whereas the latter item was the one that displayed the highest expected influence. Three communities were formed: 1) personal control, treatment control and coherence, 2) the frailty items with mobility, self-care, usual activities, and pain/discomfort, and 3) the rest BIPQ items with anxiety/depression. Identity displayed the highest bridge strength, followed by pain/discomfort, usual activities and consequences. CONCLUSIONS The interplay between QoL, frailty, and IP in people living with HIV requires clinical attention. Self-reported exhaustion, slow walking speed, and low physical activity affect the physical QoL dimensions, while anxiety/depression is strongly associated with illness-related concern and perceived emotional effects, leading to psychological distress. Symptom management can improve QoL, and information on the disease and treatment can enhance control over the disease. Developing interventions to address QoL, frailty, and IP is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Karakatsoulis
- Center for Research & Technology, Hellas, INAB, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Mathematics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kyrou
- Center for Research & Technology, Hellas, INAB, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Iliana Ntourou
- Center for Research & Technology, Hellas, INAB, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vrontaras
- Center for Research & Technology, Hellas, INAB, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Tsachouridou
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Meliou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine-Infectious Diseases Unit, "Korgialeneio-Benakeio" Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Basoulis
- 1st Department of Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Protopapas
- 4th Department of Medicine, Attikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilis Petrakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Leonidia Leonidou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | | | - Simeon Metallidis
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Chini
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine-Infectious Diseases Unit, "Korgialeneio-Benakeio" Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Mina Psichogiou
- 1st Department of Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Antoniadou
- 4th Department of Medicine, Attikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Periklis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Charalambos Gogos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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Antinori A, Vergori A, Ripamonti D, Valenti D, Esposito V, Carleo MA, Rusconi S, Cascio A, Manzillo E, Andreoni M, Orofino G, Cappuccio A, Reale L, Marini MG, Mancusi D, Termini R, Uglietti A, Portaro M. Investigating coping and stigma in people living with HIV through narrative medicine in the Italian multicentre non-interventional study DIAMANTE. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17624. [PMID: 37848464 PMCID: PMC10582167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, stigma still characterises the living with this condition. This study explored patients' coping experience by integrating narrative medicine (NM) in a non-interventional clinical trial. From June 2018 to September 2020 the study involved 18 centres across Italy; enrolled patients were both D/C/F/TAF naïve and previously ART-treated. Narratives were collected at enrolment (V1) and last visit (V4) and then independently analysed by three NM specialist researchers through content analysis. One-hundred and fourteen patients completed both V1 and V4 narratives. Supportive relationships with clinicians and undetectable viral load facilitated coping. Conversely, lack of disclosure of HIV-positive status, HIV metaphors, and unwillingness to narrate the life before the diagnosis indicated internalised stigma. This is the first non-interventional study to include narratives as patient reported outcomes (PROs). Improving HIV awareness and reducing the sense of guilt experienced by patients helps to overcome stigma and foster coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antinori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Vergori
- HIV/AIDS Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - D Ripamonti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - D Valenti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - V Esposito
- General Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M A Carleo
- General Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - S Rusconi
- DIBIC Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Legnano Hospital ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano, Italy
| | - A Cascio
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, AOU Policlinico "P.Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
| | - E Manzillo
- Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - M Andreoni
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Foundation Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Orofino
- Amedeo di Savoia Hospital Unit of Infectious Diseases Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - L Reale
- Healthcare Area, ISTUD Srl, Milan, Italy
| | - M G Marini
- Healthcare Area, ISTUD Srl, Milan, Italy
| | - D Mancusi
- Medical Affairs Department, Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen-Cilag SpA, Via Michelangelo Buonarroti, 23, 20093, Cologno Monzese, MI, Italy
| | - R Termini
- Medical Affairs Department, Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen-Cilag SpA, Via Michelangelo Buonarroti, 23, 20093, Cologno Monzese, MI, Italy
| | - A Uglietti
- Medical Affairs Department, Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen-Cilag SpA, Via Michelangelo Buonarroti, 23, 20093, Cologno Monzese, MI, Italy
| | - M Portaro
- Medical Affairs Department, Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Janssen-Cilag SpA, Via Michelangelo Buonarroti, 23, 20093, Cologno Monzese, MI, Italy.
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Parcesepe AM, Filiatreau LM, Gomez A, Ebasone PV, Dzudie A, Pence BW, Wainberg M, Yotebieng M, Anastos K, Pefura-Yone E, Nsame D, Ajeh R, Nash D. Coping Strategies and Symptoms of Mental Health Disorders Among People with HIV Initiating HIV Care in Cameroon. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:2360-2369. [PMID: 36609704 PMCID: PMC10224854 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the coping strategies used among people with HIV (PWH), especially in sub-Saharan Africa, and the extent to which adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies are associated with symptoms of mental health disorders. We interviewed 426 PWH initiating HIV care in Cameroon and reported the prevalence of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, overall and by presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Log binominal regression was used to estimate the association between each type of coping strategy (adaptive or maladaptive) and symptoms of each mental health disorder, separately. Adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were commonly reported among PWH enrolling in HIV care in Cameroon. Across all mental health disorders assessed, greater maladaptive coping was associated with higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Adaptive coping was not associated with symptoms of any of the mental health disorders assessed in bivariate or multivariable models. Our study found that PWH endorsed a range of concurrent adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. Future efforts should explore the extent to which coping strategies change throughout the HIV care continuum. Interventions to reduce maladaptive coping have the potential to improve the mental health of PWH in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Parcesepe
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Lindsey M Filiatreau
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amanda Gomez
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Anastase Dzudie
- Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Brian W Pence
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Milton Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcel Yotebieng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Denis Nsame
- Bamenda Regional Hospital, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Rogers Ajeh
- Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Denis Nash
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Feng C, Yu B, Fu Y, Reinhardt JD, Yang S. Relationships of Illness Perceptions with Depression and Anxiety in People Who Live with HIV/AIDS in a High-prevalence Ethnic Autonomous Region of Sichuan, China. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:3783-3793. [PMID: 35672554 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Poor mental health challenges outcomes and treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and may be related to illness perceptions. To investigate if depression and anxiety were associated with illness perceptions, we drew a random sample of 729 PLWHA from 13 administrative units in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan, China. Among the PLWHA surveyed, 222 and 175 had probable anxiety or depression. In mixed-effects logistic regression, negative illness perceptions were associated with increased odds of anxiety/depression. In linear mixed-effects quantile regression, the relationship of more negative illness perceptions with more severe and frequent symptoms of anxiety/depression grew stronger in the upper quantiles of the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 distributions, well beyond scale cut-offs for probable clinical relevance. We hypothesize that negative illness perceptions of HIV/AIDS and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms may mutually reinforce each other. Illness perceptions are a promising intervention target for improving the mental health of PLWHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanteng Feng
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University - Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University - Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Research Center of Sexual Sociology and Sex Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Fu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jan D Reinhardt
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University - Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China. .,Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China. .,Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland. .,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland. .,XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China. .,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Wuhan, China.
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8
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Anakwa NO, Teye‐Kwadjo E, Kretchy IA. Illness perceptions, social support and antiretroviral medication adherence in people living with HIV in the greater Accra region, Ghana. Nurs Open 2021; 8:2595-2604. [PMID: 33626226 PMCID: PMC8363381 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess how illness perceptions and social support influence antiretroviral medication adherence in a HIV patient population in Ghana. DESIGN This study used a correlational research design with cross-sectional data. METHOD A total of 235 people living with HIV at two general hospitals in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana provided data on illness perceptions, social support and medication adherence. Hierarchical multiple regression test was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Illness perceptions' facets of timeline, personal control and treatment control were negatively associated with medication adherence, whereas emotional response was positively associated with adherence. Further, significant other support was negatively associated with adherence. Family and friend support were not associated with adherence. The findings offer preliminary evidence that illness perceptions may have utility for medication adherence in a HIV patient population in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nella O. Anakwa
- Department of PsychologySchool of Social SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana
| | - Enoch Teye‐Kwadjo
- Department of PsychologySchool of Social SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana
| | - Irene A. Kretchy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical PharmacySchool of PharmacyUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana
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Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Emotional Disturbances, and Their Associations with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 50:347-366. [PMID: 34081306 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The current chapter provides a critical and narrative review of recent research on the neuropsychiatric disorders, emotional disturbances, and their associations with neurocognitive functioning in people living with HIV infection. We review a range of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety disorders, but also emotional disturbances, which can be partly distinguished from depression and anxiety (apathy, alexithymia, and emotional processing impairment). While reviewing the research into the neuropsychiatric disorders and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, we also cover the questions of self-reported cognitive symptoms evaluation and interpretation. The chapter includes research on the role of coping skills, perceived stress and response to stressful life events, and connections to neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV. Promising non-pharmacological interventions are highlighted. The chapter concludes with the clinical implications on how to best consider neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive symptoms for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, as well as future research directions.
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10
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Coping strategies of family members of intensive care unit patients. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2020; 63:102980. [PMID: 33342650 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the coping strategies of family members of patients admitted to intensive care units. DESIGN A cross-sectional study developed with 70 relatives of patients admitted to the intensive care unit. SETTING An adult intensive care unit at a university hospital in Brazil. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Coping strategies were identified by the Folkman and Lazarus Inventory of Coping Strategies and statistically compared to the sociodemographic data of family members and patients' clinical data. RESULTS Coping strategies focused on emotion were the most used, especially those attributed to the escape-avoidance factor. There was a significant association (p < 0.05) between women and the use of adaptive strategies focused on the problem; less education and lower income with maladaptive strategies focused on emotion; second-degree relatives and the positive reassessment factor; participants involved in religious activities and the social support factor. Regarding the clinical variables, patients admitted to the intensive care unit for more than seven days showed an association (p < 0.05) with the social support factor. CONCLUSION Family members used adaptive coping strategies more focused on emotion. Additionally, the lower the educational and economic levels, the greater the use of maladaptive strategies focused on emotion.
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Ke S, Yang Y, Yang X, Qiu X, Qiao Z, Song X, Zhao E, Wang W, Zhou J, Cheng Y. Factors influencing self-concept among adolescents infected with HIV: a cross-sectional survey in China. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e022321. [PMID: 32381532 PMCID: PMC7223023 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OVERVIEW The mental health problems of adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are important. It is of great significance to explore which factors can affect the self-evaluation and understanding of adolescents with HIV. OBJECTIVE We found that adolescents with HIV have a lower level of self-concept than healthy adolescents. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing self-concept among adolescents with HIV in China. SETTING A questionnaire was distributed among a total of 290 adolescents in Henan Province, China. One hundred and forty questionnaires were distributed in the case group (adolescents with HIV) and the control group (healthy adolescents) was issued 150 questionnaires.The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were adapted for a Chinese population. Differences between the groups were tested for significance using Student's t-test, and analysis of variance was used to test continuous variables. The relationship between environmental personality factors and adolescent self-concept was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to model the effects of environmental personality factors on self-concept. RESULTS The self-concept total score among adolescents with HIV was significantly lower than healthy adolescents (p<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that age (β=-0.19, t=-2.16, p=0.03), perceived stress (β=-0.19, t=-2.22, p=0.03), perceived social support (β=0.26, t=3.25, p=0.00), positive coping style (β=0.50, t=5.75, p=0.00) and negative coping style (β=-0.45, t=-5.33, p=0.00) were significantly associated with self-concept total scores. CONCLUSIONS The self-concept of adolescents with HIV is related to perceived stress, perceived social support and coping style. These findings underline the significance of self-concept among adolescents infected with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ke
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuxian Yang
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhengxue Qiao
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuejia Song
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Erying Zhao
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuewu Cheng
- Shangcai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhumadian, Henan, China
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12
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Seidl EMF, Remor E. Adesão ao Tratamento, Resiliência e Percepção de Doença em Pessoas com HIV,. PSICOLOGIA: TEORIA E PESQUISA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/0102.3772e36nspe6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar variáveis preditoras da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral entre aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e psicológicos (resiliência e percepção de doença) em pessoas com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Participaram 155 pacientes, sendo 72,9% homens. Roteiros de entrevista sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos e instrumentos validados para a população brasileira foram aplicados. Três variáveis foram preditoras da adesão: resiliência, percepção de doença como preditor negativo, e idade, totalizando 29% de variância explicada. O estudo tem implicações para a prática de psicólogos e de equipes de saúde que atuam na área, com base na implementação de intervenções visando à adesão e ao autocuidado, bem como à adaptação e à resiliência em pessoas que vivem com HIV.
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13
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Shim EJ, Jeong D, Song YW, Lee SH, Kim NJ, Hahm BJ. A network analysis of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in patients with rheumatic diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Psychol Health 2019; 35:838-853. [PMID: 31690118 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1686150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the construct of illness perception (IP) as measured by the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) using network analysis in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) and with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).Design: Cross-sectional and multicentre survey.Main Outcome Measures: The BIPQ and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results: BIPQ network structures did not differ between patients with RD and HIV/AIDS. Community analysis identified two clusters: one comprised consequences, timeline, identity, concern and emotional response; and the other consisted of personal control, treatment control and comprehensibility. Centrality indices indicate that concern, consequences and emotional response are central dimensions of the BIPQ. Directed acyclic graph analysis revealed that concern was a dominant network item, activating emotional response, consequences, identity and comprehensibility. Emotional response and consequences were bridging items linking IP to anxiety and depression.Conclusion: Perceived impact of illness on life and emotion and illness concern are central dimensions of the BIPQ that link IP to anxiety and depression in patients with RD and HIV/AIDS. Care of patients with RD and HIV/AIDS may benefit from addressing IP, particularly concern, emotional response and consequences to prevent clinical anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Shim
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Donghee Jeong
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yeong Wook Song
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Hahm
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Camargo CC, Cavassan NRV, Tasca KI, Meneguin S, Miot HA, Souza LR. Depression and Coping Are Associated with Failure of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:1181-1188. [PMID: 31592722 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical in the prevention of drug resistance, disease progression, and death. We aimed to assess the level of ART adherence among 112 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and to determine associated factors with that. The socioeconomic aspects were evaluated by medical records; the adherence, depression, and coping by specific questionnaires. Although most patients have undetectable viral load (79%) and CD4+ T count >500 cells/mm3 (65%), two-third (66%) of them exhibited a lower adherence, which was directly associated with some signs of depression (p = .006) presented by 65% of them. Some risk factors to presence of depression were female gender (p = .008) and low income (p = .013). In addition, most participants who reported tobacco (33%) and alcohol (29%) consumption had a low or intermediate adherence score. Among the coping strategies, self-control (p = .029), social support (p = .006), problem solving (p = .013), and positive reappraisal (p = .049) led to an improvement in adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio C. Camargo
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Nayara R. V. Cavassan
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karen I. Tasca
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Silmara Meneguin
- Department of Nursing, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Hélio A. Miot
- Department of Dermatology, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lenice R. Souza
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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15
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Fumaz CR, Larrañaga-Eguilegor M, Mayordomo-López S, Gómez-Martínez S, González-García M, Ornellas A, Fuster Ruiz de Apodaca MJ, Remor E, Ballester-Arnal R. Health-related quality of life of people living with HIV infection in Spain: a gender perspective. AIDS Care 2019; 31:1509-1517. [PMID: 30917676 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1597959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies exploring gender differences in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are scarce and contradictory. This study evaluated gender differences in HRQOL of 744 PLWHA with median (IQR) age 44 (37-48) years and HIV infection diagnosed 12 (5-20) years earlier. Results showed important differences between genders (p < .05). Better male physical health was related to being employed, not having economic worries, not receiving psychological support, not having injected drugs in past, low negative mood HIV-related, low HIV illness representation and internalized stigma, and high body image satisfaction and health behavior. For women, variables were fewer years since HIV diagnosis and low enacted stigma-personal experience of rejection. Mentally, variables in men were being employed, not having injected drugs, having a stable partner, high health behavior, use of problem-solving coping, personal autonomy and personal meaning. In women, better mental health was related to high CD4 cells, self-esteem and body image satisfaction, and negative mood HIV-related. Men and women coincided in absence of past opportunistic infections being related to better physical and mental health, and absence of side effects for physical health and low HIV-related stress and HIV illness representation for mental health. Our results highlight the need for detailed study of gender differences that identify the bio-psycho-socio inequalities that affect HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina R Fumaz
- HIV Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital - Lluita contra la Sida Foundation , Barcelona , Spain.,Facultad de Medicina - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | | | - Sandra Gómez-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Universitat Jaume I de Castelló , Castelló de la Plana , Spain
| | - Marian González-García
- HIV Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital - Lluita contra la Sida Foundation , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Arelly Ornellas
- HIV Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital - Lluita contra la Sida Foundation , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Remor
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Universitat Jaume I de Castelló , Castelló de la Plana , Spain
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16
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Greco A, Cappelletti ER, Luyckx K, D'Addario M, Giannattasio C, Steca P. A longitudinal inquiry into directionality of effects between coping and information needs in hypertensive patients. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2018; 11:567-580. [PMID: 30519131 PMCID: PMC6233703 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s168912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It is well recognized that effective health communication is associated with better adherence to medical prescriptions, behavioral changes, and enhanced perception of control over the disease. However, there is limited knowledge about the variables on which to tailor health messages. This study examined whether coping strategies were related to information needs over time in a sample of patients with hypertension. PATIENTS AND METHODS A three-wave longitudinal design was used to examine the potential reciprocal relationships among variables. The sample included 271 patients (43.5% women) affected by essential arterial hypertension with a mean age of 54.66 years (SD =10.74 years; range 30-78 years). Data on patients' demographic characteristics, coping strategies, and information needs were collected three times over 12 months. To test the directionality of the relationships linking coping to information needs, cross-lagged path analyses were applied in a structural equation modeling approach. RESULTS Active coping was related to a greater need for information regarding behavioral habits; avoidance coping was negatively associated with the need for information regarding daily life activities, while passive coping showed a positive relationship with this need. Moreover, results sustained the hypothesis that the relationship between coping and information needs was bi-directional. In fact, greater need for information about the disease and its pharmacological treatment was related to greater adoption of active coping strategies. The need for information about risk and complications was associated with the coping strategy related to alcohol use. CONCLUSION These results provide important suggestions for implementing more effective intervention programs aimed at fostering patients' self-care abilities. As it was possible to modify coping strategies, health care providers may consider measuring patients' strategies before the medical examination so they have time to refine the information they give to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Greco
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Erika Rosa Cappelletti
- Social healthcare Academy, Polis Lombardia, Regional Institute for Policy Support, Milan, Italy,
| | - Koen Luyckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UNIBS, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Marco D'Addario
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Giannattasio
- Department of Cardiology, ASST GOM Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Medicine and Surgery Department, Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Steca
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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17
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Silva RTS, Silva RARD, Rodrigues IDCV, Souza Neto VLD, Silva BCOD, Souza FMDLC. Coping strategies of people living with AIDS in face of the disease. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018. [PMID: 29538581 PMCID: PMC5863275 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2284.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to identify the coping strategies of people living with aids to face the disease
and analyze them according to sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables.
Method: this is a cross-sectional quantitative study. The sample consisted of 331 people
living with aids treated at an outpatient clinic at a referral hospital for
treatment of aids. The Coping Strategies Inventory was used to collect the data.
Results: emotion-focused coping modes were more frequently mentioned. The mean scores of
women, workers, religious people, and people who never withdrew from the treatment
were higher for all factors. Patients who had a partner, who lived with family
members and who received treatment support, had higher mean scores in coping,
withdrawal and social support factors. As for leisure and the practice of physical
exercises, the emotion-focused modes also predominated. A correlation was
identified between treatment time, schooling, family income and the factors of the
Coping Strategies Inventory of. Conclusion: the study showed that the most frequent coping modes were those focused on
emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Tavares Silveira Silva
- MSc, Coordinator of the undergraduate course in nursing, Faculdade Evolução Alto Oeste Potiguar, Pau dos Ferros, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Iellen Dantas Campos Verdes Rodrigues
- PhD, RN, Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, Prefeitura Municipal de Timon, Timon, MA, Brazil. Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisca Marta de Lima Costa Souza
- Doctoral Student, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. RN, Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN, Brazil. Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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18
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Mo PKH, Lau JTF, Wu X. Relationship between illness representations and mental health among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. AIDS Care 2018; 30:1246-1251. [PMID: 29504429 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2018.1445825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Illness representations play a significant role on mental health across various health conditions. The present study explores the associations between illness representations of HIV and mental health (suicidal ideation and depression), and the mediation effects of emotional representations on the associations between cognitive representations and mental health among men who have sex with men who were newly diagnosed with HIV (ND-MSM) in China. A total of 225 ND-MSM were recruited from a non-governmental organisation and were invited to complete a cross-sectional survey. Results showed that 48.0% had suicidal ideation since HIV diagnosis and 48.4% scored higher than the cut-off for mild depression or above. Stepwise regression analyses showed that higher levels of emotional representations of HIV and lower levels of treatment control were associated with both suicidal ideation and depression. Emotional representations were shown to mediate the associations between some cognitive representations variables and mental health. Findings suggest that both cognitive and emotional representations of HIV were important factors of mental health among ND-MSM. Interventions to promote the mental health of ND-MSM are warranted and should seek to improve their cognitive and emotional representations of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoenix Kit-Han Mo
- a Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,b The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph Tak-Fai Lau
- a Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,b The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , People's Republic of China.,c Centre for Medical Anthropology and Behavioural Health, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- d Department of STD control , Shenzhen Centre for Chronic Disease Control , Shenzhen , People's Republic of China
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19
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Khumsaen N, Stephenson R. Beliefs and Perception About HIV/AIDS, Self-Efficacy, and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Thai Men Who Have Sex With Men. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2017; 29:175-190. [PMID: 28467158 PMCID: PMC6477019 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2017.29.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationships of HIV/AIDS beliefs, self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors, perception of HIV as a chronic disease, and HIV risk behaviors among young Thai men who have sex with men. Participants were recruited for a self-administered anonymous survey through Facebook. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with each of four HIV risk behavior outcomes. Factors associated with sexual risk behaviors included age (18 and 21 years), having a current regular male partner, self-efficacy for AIDS preventive behaviors (self-efficacy in refusing sexual intercourse, self-efficacy in questioning potential sex partners, and self-efficacy in condom use), AIDS health belief (perceived susceptibility to HIV/AIDS, perceived severity of HIV/AIDS, perceived barriers to condom use, and cues to action for HIV/AIDS prevention), and perception of HIV/AIDS as a chronic disease (perceived HIV sero-status disclosure). Knowledge generated from this study has the potential to inform prevention messages for young Thai MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natawan Khumsaen
- The Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Suphanburi, Thailand
- Corresponding author’s
| | - Rob Stephenson
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- The Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
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20
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Heijman T, Zuure F, Stolte I, Davidovich U. Motives and barriers to safer sex and regular STI testing among MSM soon after HIV diagnosis. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:194. [PMID: 28264658 PMCID: PMC5339973 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding why some recently with HIV diagnosed men who have sex with men (MSM) choose for safer sex and regular STI testing, whereas others do not, is important for the development of interventions that aim to improve the sexual health of those newly infected. Methods To gain insight into motives and barriers to condom use and regular STI testing among MSM soon after HIV diagnosis, 30 HIV-positive MSM participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews on sexual health behaviours in the first year after HIV diagnosis. Results Typical barriers to condom use soon after diagnosis were emotions such as anger, relief, and feelings of vulnerability. Additional barriers were related to pre-diagnosis patterns of sexual-social behaviour that were difficult to change, communication difficulties, and substance use. Barriers to STI testing revolved around perceptions of low STI risk, faulty beliefs, and burdensome testing procedures. Conclusions The great diversity of motives and barriers to condom use and STI testing creates a challenge to accommodate newly infected men with information, motivation, and communication skills to match their personal needs. An adaptive, tailored intervention can be a promising tool of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titia Heijman
- STI outpatient Clinic, Amsterdam Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Freke Zuure
- Department Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Amsterdam Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre for Infection and Immunology Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Centre (University of Amsterdam), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke Stolte
- University of applied sciences InHolland, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Udi Davidovich
- Department Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Amsterdam Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre for Infection and Immunology Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Centre (University of Amsterdam), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Illness perceptions and changes in lifestyle following a gynecological cancer diagnosis: A longitudinal analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 145:310-318. [PMID: 28279480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores patterns of lifestyle change and whether more threatening illness perceptions are associated with lifestyle changes post-treatment for smoking, alcohol consumption and Body Mass Index (BMI) among gynecological cancer patients. METHODS In total, 395 cancer patients (N=221 endometrial; N=174 ovarian) were included in this secondary analysis of longitudinal data. Lifestyle outcomes were assessed through self-reported questionnaires after initial treatment and 6, 12, and 18months of follow-up. Illness perceptions were assessed with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Latent class growth curve analyses were conducted to identify patterns of lifestyle change and linear mixed models using between-subject and within-subject effects to explore the association between BIPQ items and alcohol consumption (glasses/week) and BMI (kg/m2). RESULTS After initial treatment, 15% (N=57) of the patients smoked, 53% (N=203) drank alcohol, and 60% (N=236) were overweight or obese. Overall, smokers made no considerable changes, but one subgroup of low level smokers reported positive decline. A slight decrease was observed for alcohol consumption among low and moderate level alcohol drinker subgroups, whereas BMI remained stable among endometrial cancer patients and increased for ovarian cancer patients. Moreover, patients with lower trust in their treatment to cure the disease drank more alcohol (β=0.32 glasses/week [95% CI 0.09; 0.56]). CONCLUSIONS Change in lifestyle after a gynecological cancer treatment is not self-evident. Moreover, more threatening illness perceptions were not related to a healthier lifestyle. This study underlines the need for lifestyle-promoting activities to facilitate lifestyle improvement among gynecological cancer patients.
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22
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Leone D, Borghi L, Lamiani G, Barlascini L, Bini T, d’Arminio Monforte A, Vegni E. Illness Representations of HIV Positive Patients Are Associated with Virologic Success. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1991. [PMID: 28066307 PMCID: PMC5179507 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is important for HIV positive patients to be engaged in their care and be adherent to treatment in order to reduce disease progression and mortality. Studies found that illness representations influence adherence through the mediating role of coping behaviors. However, no study has ever tested if patient engagement to the visits mediate the relationship between illness perceptions and adherence. This study aimed to explore illness representations of HIV positive patients and test the hypothesis that illness representations predict adherence through the mediating role of a component of behavioral engagement. Methods: HIV-positive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for at least one year and presenting to a check-up visit were eligible to participate in the study. Patients completed the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised. Behavioral engagement was measured based on the patients' clinical attendance to the check-up visits; adherence to HAART was measured by viral load. Undetectable viral load or HIV-RNA < 40 copies/ml were considered indexes of virologic success. Results: A total of 161 patients participated in the study. Most of them coherently attributed the experienced symptoms to HIV/HAART; perceived their condition as chronic, stable, coherent, judged the therapy as effective, and attributed their disease to the HIV virus and to their behavior or bad luck. The majority of patients (80.1%) regularly attended check-up visits and 88.5% of them reached virologic success. The mediation model did not show good fit indexes. However, a significant direct effect of two independent variables on virologic success was found. Specifically, the perception that the disease does not have serious consequences on patient's life and the prevalence of negative emotions toward HIV were associated with virologic success. On the contrary, the patient's perception that the disease has serious consequences on his/her life and the prevalence of positive emotions were associated with virologic failure. This model showed good fit indexes (CFI = 1; TLI = 1; RMSEA = 0.00; and WRMSR = 0.309). Discussion: Results do not support the mediating role of behavioral engagement in the relationship between illness representations and adherence. As perception of serious consequences coupled with positive emotions are directly associated with virologic failure, clinicians should take them into account to promote treatment adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Leone
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Department of Health Sciences, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Lidia Borghi
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Department of Health Sciences, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Giulia Lamiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas UniversityMilan, Italy
| | - Luca Barlascini
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Presidio San Paolo University HospitalMilan, Italy
| | - Teresa Bini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Presidio San Paolo University Hospital, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Antonella d’Arminio Monforte
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Presidio San Paolo University Hospital, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Elena Vegni
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, Department of Health Sciences, University of MilanMilan, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Presidio San Paolo University HospitalMilan, Italy
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Teti M, French B, Kabel A, Farnan R. Portraits of Well-Being: Photography as a Mental Health Support for Women With HIV. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2016; 12:48-61. [PMID: 29657558 PMCID: PMC5894524 DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2016.1206493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many women living with HIV/AIDS (WL-HIV/AIDS) experience significant mental distress. Although creative arts strategies are well positioned to help support women by inspiring creativity and meaning-making, few arts programs have been implemented and evaluated with this population. We conducted a photography project with thirty WL-HIV/AIDS from three United States cities. Participants took pictures to capture their life with HIV/AIDS and described their photos and stories in group and individual sessions. Using thematic analysis, we identified that the project supported women's mental health in four ways by facilitating empowerment and helping women to express themselves, address their mental health with new tools like photography, and process past traumas. Photography projects may help WL-HIV/AIDS understand and manage their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryana French
- University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Rose Farnan
- Truman Medical Centers, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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