1
|
Mandlik GV, Siopis G, Nguyen B, Ding D, Edwards KM. Effect of a single session of yoga and meditation on stress reactivity: A systematic review. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3324. [PMID: 37822096 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesises the evidence for the effectiveness of a single session of yoga or its components including meditation and breathing techniques in reducing acute stress reactivity in healthy adults. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycINFO on 30th July 2023 for randomised controlled or crossover trials of yoga components and reporting physiological and/or psychological outcome measure(s) related to stress reactivity. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Data were synthesised narratively. Twenty-one out of 28 eligible studies (n = 2574) relating to 31 interventions (meditation [n = 22], breathing [n = 4] and yoga [n = 5]) reported outcomes in favour of the intervention. Stress reactivity was reported to be reduced by 71% of studies measuring physiological outcomes and 65% of studies measuring psychological outcomes. These studies show that a single session of yoga components is effective in reducing acute stress reactivity in adults and could be recommended for stress management. Future studies with larger populations and a more equal representation of genders and age groups are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gandhar V Mandlik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Siopis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate M Edwards
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Van de Velde J, Levecque K, Weijters B, Laureys S. Doing what matters in times of stress: No-nonsense meditation and occupational well-being in COVID-19. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292406. [PMID: 37910465 PMCID: PMC10619828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the general public's health and well-being, it exacerbated the pre-existing well-being issues in the educational sector in many countries. Mindfulness-based interventions are often applied to protect and promote occupational well-being. To investigate how the well-being benefits of these interventions arise, we selected one accessible technique that is used in most of them: focused attention meditation. In the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, 199 teachers voluntarily practiced five to ten minutes of meditation together with their pupils, every morning for six months. We employed a three-wave longitudinal design to follow any changes in the meditating teachers' well-being and compared these changes to a waitlist control condition of 42 teachers. Three dimensions of well-being were measured at baseline, half-time, and post-intervention: emotional, cognitive, and physical well-being. Latent growth curve models revealed that the meditation technique not only improves well-being but also prevents the development of well-being problems. The practice of focused attention meditation resulted in improvements in emotional and physical well-being and prevented the development of cognitive well-being problems that were observed within the control condition. The effects were strongest for emotional and cognitive well-being and followed a linear trend. This paper shows that the well-being effects of mindfulness-based interventions are at least in part due to the focused attention meditation that is practiced in them. Occupational groups that experience emotional, cognitive, or physical well-being issues can benefit from a few minutes of focused attention meditation per day. Trial registration: ISRCTN ISRCTN61170784 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN61170784).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katia Levecque
- Department of Work, Organization, and Society, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Work, Organization, and Society, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
- Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zangri RM, Andreu CI, Nieto I, González AM, Vázquez C. Efficacy of mindfulness to regulate induced emotions in the laboratory: A systematic review and meta-analysis of self-report and biobehavioral measures. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 143:104957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
4
|
Ueberholz RY, Fiocco AJ. The Effect of a Brief Mindfulness Practice on Perceived Stress and Sustained Attention: Does Priming Matter? Mindfulness (N Y) 2022; 13:1757-1768. [PMID: 35693031 PMCID: PMC9167905 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-022-01913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of a brief mindfulness practice on perceived stress and sustained attention, and to determine whether priming the benefits of mindfulness meditation enhances this effect. Methods Two hundred and twenty undergraduate students were randomly assigned to a control condition (CC), a meditation condition (MC), or a priming + meditation condition (PMC). Baseline and post-treatment measures included subjective stress ratings on a visual analog scale (VAS) and performance on a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), determined by reaction time coefficient of variability (RTCV) and three measures of accuracy: correct responses, errors of commission, and errors of omission. Results Repeated measures analyses revealed that both the MC and the PMC displayed a decline in perceived stress relative to the CC. Analyses further revelated that the MC and PMC displayed fewer errors of omission relative to the CC. However, only the PMC displayed better performance relative to the CC with respect to total correct response and errors of commission. There were no significant between-group differences for RTCV. Conclusions These findings are novel and provide a foundation to further investigate the effect of priming on mindfulness engagement and its potential benefits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-022-01913-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Y. Ueberholz
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Alexandra J. Fiocco
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Meteier Q, Capallera M, De Salis E, Widmer M, Angelini L, Abou Khaled O, Mugellini E, Sonderegger A. Carrying a passenger and relaxation before driving: Classification of young drivers' physiological activation. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15229. [PMID: 35583049 PMCID: PMC9115695 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Drivers are often held responsible for road crashes. Previous research has shown that stressors such as carrying passengers in the vehicle can be a source of accidents for young drivers. To mitigate this problem, this study investigated whether the presence of a passenger behind the wheel can be predicted using machine learning, based on physiological signals. It also addresses the question whether relaxation before driving can positively influence the driver's state and help controlling the potential negative consequences of stressors. Sixty young participants completed a 10‐min driving simulator session, either alone or with a passenger. Before their driving session, participants spent 10 min relaxing or listening to an audiobook. Physiological signals were recorded throughout the experiment. Results show that drivers experience a higher increase in skin conductance when driving with a passenger, which can be predicted with 90%‐accuracy by a k‐nearest neighbors classifier. This might be a possible explanation for increased risk taking in this age group. Besides, the practice of relaxation can be predicted with 80% accuracy using a neural network. According to the statistical analysis, the potential beneficial effect of relaxation did not carry out on the driver's physiological state while driving, although machine learning techniques revealed that participants who exercised relaxation before driving could be recognized with 70% accuracy. Analysis of physiological characteristics after classification revealed several relevant physiological indicators associated with the presence of a passenger and relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Meteier
- HumanTech Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marine Capallera
- HumanTech Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel De Salis
- Haute-Ecole Arc Ingénierie, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Saint-Imier, Switzerland
| | - Marino Widmer
- Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Angelini
- HumanTech Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Omar Abou Khaled
- HumanTech Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elena Mugellini
- HumanTech Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Sonderegger
- Business School, Institute for New Work, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Almén N. A Cognitive Behavioral Model Proposing That Clinical Burnout May Maintain Itself. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073446. [PMID: 33810358 PMCID: PMC8037062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Burnout is common in many countries and is associated with several other problems such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, and memory deficits, and prospectively it predicts long-term sick-leave, cardiovascular disease, and death. Clinical burnout or its residual symptoms often last several years and a common assumption is that recovery takes a long time by nature, despite full time sick-leave and the absence of work stress. The literature suggests models that hypothetically explain the development, but not maintenance, of the syndrome. Based on cognitive and behavioral principles, stress research, and stress theories, this paper describes a theoretical model explaining how clinical burnout can develop and be maintained. While the development of clinical burnout is mainly explained by prolonged stress reactions and disturbed recovery processes due to work related stressors, maintenance of the syndrome is particularly explained by prolonged stress reactions and disturbed recovery processes due to the new context of experiencing burnout and being on sick-leave. Worry about acquired memory deficits, passivity and excessive sleep, shame, fear of stress reactions, and the perception of not being safe are examples of responses that can contribute to the maintenance. The model has important implications for research and how to intervene in clinical burnout. For example, it can offer support to professional care providers and patients in terms of focusing on, identifying, and changing current contextual factors and behaviors that maintain the individual’s clinical burnout symptoms and by that facilitate burnout recovery. Regarding research, the model provides a highly important reason for researchers to study contextual factors and behaviors that contribute to the maintenance of clinical burnout, which has been neglected in research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niclas Almén
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, 831 25 Östersund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qi X, Tong J, Chen S, He Z, Zhu X. Comparing the Psychological Effects of Meditation- and Breathing-Focused Yoga Practice in Undergraduate Students. Front Psychol 2020; 11:560152. [PMID: 33281662 PMCID: PMC7689363 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.560152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to compare the psychological effects of meditation- and breathing-focused yoga practice in undergraduate students. Methods A 12-weeks yoga intervention was conducted among a group of undergraduate students enrolled in four yoga classes at an academically prestigious university in Beijing, China. Four classes were randomized to meditation-focused yoga or breathing-focused yoga. A total of 86 participants finished surveys before and after the 12-weeks intervention, measuring work intention, mindfulness, and perceived stress. The repeated-measure multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) followed by univariate analyses were conducted to examine the differences in work intention, mindfulness, and stress between the two yoga intervention groups over the semester, after controlling for age and gender. Results The repeated-measure MANCOVA revealed significant group differences with a median effect size [Wilks' lambda, Λ = 0.90, F(3, 80) = 3.10, p = 0.031, η2 = 0.104]. Subsequent univariate analyses showed that students in the breathing-focused yoga group had significant higher work intentions [F (1, 82) = 5.22; p = 0.025; η2 p = 0.060] and mindfulness [F (1, 82) = 6.33; p = 0.014; η2 p = 0.072] but marginally lower stress [F (1, 82) = 4.20; p = 0.044; η2 p = 0.049] than students in the meditation-focused yoga group. Conclusion Yoga practice with a focus on breathing is more effective than that with a focus on meditation for undergraduates to retain energy for work, keep attention and awareness, and reduce stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- Department of Physical Education and Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Senlin Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United states
| | - Zhonghui He
- Department of Physical Education and Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|