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Bagare PC, Borle A, Baluni P, Ekbote GG, Sangale S. Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cureus 2024; 16:e68541. [PMID: 39364459 PMCID: PMC11448960 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by relapsing-remitting immune system activation, affecting multiple organ systems. Despite significant advances in understanding SLE's pathogenesis, there remains a need for comprehensive clinical profiling at the time of diagnosis to improve early detection and management. This study addresses this gap by providing a detailed analysis of the clinical presentation, disease activity, and patient outcomes using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) index. Methodology This cross-sectional observational study included 80 patients diagnosed with SLE using the 2012 SLICC criteria. Patients were recruited from the Rheumatology department and other wards of Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, India. All participants provided informed consent and institutional ethical approval was obtained. Data were collected through detailed clinical history, physical examinations, and standard tests such as chest X-rays, CBC, RFT, LFT, urine microscopy, creatine phosphokinase, ANA, AntiDsDNA, complement consumption, and Coombs' tests, with 2D echocardiography performed as needed. Follow-ups every three months over 1.5 years assessed disease activity using SLEDAI criteria. Patients aged 12 and above who met the SLICC criteria were included and those with other connective tissue disorders were excluded. Associations between clinical symptoms and organ involvement were analyzed using the chi-square test with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results The study evaluated 80 patients with SLE, revealing a predominantly female cohort (80%) with a mean age of 29.4 years and a standard deviation of 8.3 years, skewed towards younger age groups. Clinical manifestations were diverse; the most common symptoms were (83.75%), oral ulcers (98.75%), and alopecia (95%). Anemia (66.25%) was the most prevalent abnormality, followed by albuminuria and renal abnormalities. Organ involvement was highest in the renal system (50%) and mucocutaneous features, with lower incidences in cardiac, gastrointestinal, and vascular systems. Gender-specific analyses indicated significant differences in SLE nephritis (p=0.048) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (p=0.046). Autoantibody profiles showed high positivity for ANA (98.8%) and DsDNA (61.3%). Clinical outcomes demonstrated that 68.8% of patients achieved remission and 16.3% experienced organ damage. The SLEDAI scores significantly improved over time, with substantial reductions from baseline to nine months (p<0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides a detailed examination of SLE, revealing that it predominantly affects young adults and is characterized by diverse manifestations including mucocutaneous symptoms, significant renal involvement, and notable autoantibody profiles. The high prevalence of anti-nucleosome and anti-dsDNA antibodies underscores their diagnostic and prognostic value. Clinically, the findings highlight the necessity for early detection and targeted management of SLE, particularly in addressing renal and mucocutaneous symptoms. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to track disease progression, explore genetic and environmental influences, and investigate regional variations to enhance treatment strategies and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad C Bagare
- Internal Medicine, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Akshata Borle
- Internal Medicine, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Priya Baluni
- Internal Medicine, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | | | - Shashikala Sangale
- Internal Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Hospital, Pune, IND
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Ding Y, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wu C, Zhang S, Jiang N, Qian J, Zhang L, Li J, Xu D, Leng X, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X. The additional role of anti-nucleosome antibodies in the prediction of renal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus based on CSTAR (XXV). Lupus 2024; 33:986-997. [PMID: 38853349 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241260231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The predominant determinant of an unfavorable prognosis among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients resides in the irreversible organ damage. This prospective cohort study aimed to identify the additional value of anti-nucleosome antibodies on organ damage accumulation in SLE patients. METHODS Based on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry, demographic characteristics, autoantibodies profiles, and clinical manifestations were collected at baseline. Follow-up data were collected by reviewing clinical records. RESULTS Of 2481 SLE patients with full follow-up data, 663 (26.7%) were anti-nucleosome antibodies positive and 1668 (68.0%) were anti-dsDNA antibodies positive. 764 (30.8%) patients developed new organ damage during a mean follow-up of 4.31 ± 2.60 years. At baseline, patients with positive anti-nucleosome antibodies have a higher rate of lupus nephritis (50.7% vs 36.2%, p < .001). According to the multivariable Cox regression analysis, both anti-nucleosome (HR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.09-1.54, p < .001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (HR=1.68, 95% CI, 1.38-2.05, p < .001) were associated with organ damage accumulation. Anti-nucleosome (HR = 2.51, 95% CI, 1.81-3.46, p < .001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (HR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.39-2.06, p < .001) were independent predictors for renal damage. Furthermore, the combination of the two antibodies can provide more accurate information about renal damage in overall SLE patients (HR = 3.19, 95% CI, 2.49-4.10, p < .001) and patients with lupus nephritis at baseline (HR = 2.86, 95% CI, 2.29-3.57, p < .001). CONCLUSION Besides anti-dsDNA antibodies, anti-nucleosome antibodies can also provide information about organ damage accrual during follow-up. The ability of co-positivity of anti-nucleosome and anti-dsDNA antibodies in predicting renal damage may lead to additional benefits in the follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yangzhong Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chanyuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Qian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Leng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Ding Y, Zhou Y, Zhan F, Xu J, Duan X, Luo H, Zhao C, Yang M, Wu R, Wu L, Chen Z, Wei W, Huang C, Wu C, Zhang S, Jiang N, Xu D, Leng X, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X, Zhao J. Phenotypic subgroup in serologically active clinically quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus: A cluster analysis based on CSTAR cohort. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00251-4. [PMID: 38991598 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serologically active clinically quiescent (SACQ) is a state within systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) characterized by elevated serologic markers without clinical activity. The heterogeneity in SACQ patients poses challenges in disease management. This multicenter prospective study aimed to identify distinct SACQ subgroups and assess their utility in predicting organ damage. METHODS SACQ was defined as a sustained period of at least 6 months with persistent serologic activity, marked by positive anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies and/or hypocomplementemia, and without clinical activity. Cluster analysis was employed, utilizing 16 independent components to delineate phenotypes. FINDINGS Among the 4,107 patients with SLE, 990 (24.1%) achieved SACQ within 2.0 ± 2.3 years on average. Over a total follow-up of 7,105.1 patient years, 340 (34.3%) experienced flares, and 134 (13.5%) developed organ damage. Three distinct SACQ subgroups were identified. Cluster 1 (n = 219, 22.1%) consisted predominantly of elderly males with a history of major organ involvement at SLE diagnosis, showing the highest risk of severe flares (16.4%) and organ damage (27.9%). Cluster 2 (n = 279, 28.2%) was characterized by milder disease and a lower risk of damage accrual (5.7%). Notably, 86 patients (30.8%) in cluster 2 successfully discontinued low-dose glucocorticoids, with 49 of them doing so without experiencing flares. Cluster 3 (n = 492, 49.7%) featured the highest proportion of lupus nephritis and a moderate risk of organ damage (11.8%), with male patients showing significantly higher risk of damage (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.51, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82-11.79). CONCLUSION This study identified three distinct SACQ clusters, each with specific prognostic implications. This classification could enhance personalized management for SACQ patients. FUNDING This work was funded by the National Key R&D Program (2021YFC2501300), the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z201100005520023), the CAMS Innovation Fund (2021-I2M-1-005), and National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-D-009).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yangzhong Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xinwang Duan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Rheumatic & TCM Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Can Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chanyuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shangzhu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Leng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Hu M, Xu S, Jiang F, Han Y, Liu Z. The role of IgG4 in systemic lupus erythematosus: Implications for pathogenesis and therapy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23626. [PMID: 38229315 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 has a distinctive nature, and its involvement in autoimmune disorders is a subject of ongoing debate and uncertainty. A growing body of evidence indicates that IgG4 may play a pathogenic role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The IgG4 autoantibodies have the capability to bind autoantigens in a competitive manner with other Ig classes, thereby forming immune complexes (ICs) that are noninflammatory in nature. This is due to the low affinity of IgG4 for both the Fc receptors and the C1 complement molecule, which results in a diminished inflammatory response in individuals with SLE. The present study aims to elucidate the significance of IgG4 in SLE. The present discourse pertains to the nascent and suggested modalities through which IgG4 might participate in the pathogenesis of SLE and the potential ramifications for therapeutic interventions in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingjian Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengsi Hu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shoufang Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiyu Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yetao Han
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Choi SE, Park DJ, Kang JH, Lee SS. Significance of co-positivity for anti-dsDNA, -nucleosome, and -histone antibodies in patients with lupus nephritis. Ann Med 2023; 55:1009-1017. [PMID: 36896834 PMCID: PMC10795605 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2187076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to define the clinical, histopathologic, and prognostic features associated with simultaneous positivity for anti-dsDNA, -nucleosome, and -histone antibodies (3-pos) in Korean patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS The 102 patients included in the study had undergone kidney biopsy prior to the start of induction treatment, were treated with immunosuppressives, and followed-up for >12 months. RESULTS In total, 44 (43.1%) of the 102 LN patients were 3-pos. Patients with 3-pos had a higher SLEDAI-2K score (p = .002), lower lymphocyte count (p = .004), and higher rates of proteinuria > 3.5 g/24 h (p = .039) and positivity for urinary sediments (p = .005) at the time of renal biopsy than non-3-pos patients. 3-pos patients had a more proliferative form of LN (p = .045) in the renal histopathologic findings, and as co-positivity gradually increased from 0 to 3, the total activity score in the renal biopsy findings increased significantly (p = .033). In addition, 3-pos patients had a more rapid eGFR decline than non-3-pos patients after a follow-up of 83.2 months (p = .016). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that 3-pos is related to severe LN and that 3-pos patients are more likely to experience a rapid decline of renal function than non-3-pos patients.KEY MESSAGEPatients with co-positivity for anti-dsDNA, -nucleosome, and -histone antibodies (3-pos) had higher disease activity and a worse renal histopathology than those without co-positivity.3-pos patients had a more rapid decline of renal function than non-3-pos patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyoun Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Seok Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Asanuma Y, Nozawa K, Matsushita M, Kusaoi M, Abe Y, Yamaji K, Tamura N. Autoantibodies in lupus nephritis useful in distinguishing proliferative nephritis from membranous nephritis. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:1110-1116. [PMID: 36469011 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine autoantibodies associated with lupus nephritis (LN), especially those useful in diagnosing proliferative and membranous nephritis. METHODS A total of 106 patients with LN and 63 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus but no nephritis were enrolled; then, 55 patients were selected from the LN group and were divided into two groups: proliferative nephritis patients (n = 36) and membranous nephritis patients (n = 19). The autoantibody profiles of patients' sera were evaluated using the EUROLINE ANA Profile 3 (IgG) kit. RESULTS A higher positivity rate of anti-double-stranded DNA antibody and anti-histone antibody was seen in LN patients compared to nonrenal systemic lupus erythematosus patients. In comparing between proliferative and membranous nephritis, the positivity of anti-nucleosome antibody was higher in proliferative nephritis, although it was not statistically significant. However, anti-nucleosome antibody-positive patients with LN had a higher prevalence of haematuria and pyuria, which are strong indications of proliferative nephritis. Also, a significantly higher positivity rate of anti-RNP70 antibody was seen in membranous nephritis compared to proliferative nephritis. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that anti-nucleosome and anti-RNP70 antibodies may be predictive nonhistological factors for discriminating between proliferative and membranous LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Asanuma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nozawa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masakazu Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makio Kusaoi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Abe
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaji
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Fitriah M, Rahmawati LD, Wulanda IA, Susianti H, Tambunan BA. The Discrepancy of ANA and Compartment Bead Patterns Suggestive of a Neuropsychiatry Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE). Case Rep Psychiatry 2023; 2023:5260208. [PMID: 37928319 PMCID: PMC10622596 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5260208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) exhibits neurological and psychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, which NPSLE diagnosis can be challenging for rheumatologists. An Indonesian female, 44 years old, complained of two times seizures with 10-min duration, which during seizures were stiff, eyes rolled up, foaming at the mouth, wet the bed, and fainting afterward. The patient also has a history of SLE and received cyclophosphamide therapy 5 years ago. Her clinical condition showed facial and lingual palsy, with central type on the right. Antinuclear antibody indirect immunofluorescence (ANA IF) positive using cytobead ANA with a homogenous pattern and cytoplasmic speckled titer 1/80. Confirmation beads showed positive of dsDNA only. ANA profile showed positive antinucleosome, antihistone, and AMA-M2, and also increased anticardiolipin antibody that supports the diagnosis of NPSLE. The difference in the pattern of ANA IF with confirmation beads suggests the presence of other autoantibodies in NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munawaroh Fitriah
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Lita Diah Rahmawati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas University—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Indah Adhita Wulanda
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University—Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Hani Susianti
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University—Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Betty Agustina Tambunan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Lee AYS, McDonald D, Lin MW. Comparison of two anti-histones antibodies commercial assays in an immunology laboratory and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol Methods 2023; 512:113401. [PMID: 36473536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-histones antibodies (AHAs) are antibodies directed against histone proteins - structural proteins that provides scaffolding for DNA to be wrapped around. AHAs, measured in the serum, are diagnostically helpful in cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE). In the diagnostic laboratory, they may be measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) or line immunoassays (LIA); however, the performance of these have never been directly compared in the literature. METHODS We evaluated a commonly used commercial ELISA and LIA to compare the performance in our immunology laboratory. Retrospective and prospective analyses were undertaken over a 5.5-year period. We also examined their performance in the model disease of SLE and compared their performance to disease activity and the main clinical features. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-five patients were evaluated including 65 SLE patients. Based on the quantitative cut-offs, there was only moderate agreement between the two assays (κ = 0.444). Both assays only had modest agreement with the clinical situation of the evaluated patients. When considered within the SLE context, both assays were moderately correlated with disease activity. Positive AHAs by ELISA were associated with SLE cytopaenias, and both ELISA and LIA correlated with positive anti-double stranded DNA. CONCLUSIONS Moderate agreement analytically were seen between ELISA and LIA methods in a general laboratory cohort. Both assays were comparable in their diagnostic performance. ELISA detection of AHAs appears to have some clinical use in our cohort of SLE patients. Future studies are required to explore the clinical utility of AHAs in SLE and other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Y S Lee
- Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
| | - David McDonald
- Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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9
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Sachdeva R, Pal R. A pregnancy hormone-cell death link promotes enhanced lupus-specific immunological effects. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051779. [PMID: 36505418 PMCID: PMC9730325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Women of reproductive age demonstrate an increased incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus, and reproductive hormones have been implicated in disease progression. Additionally, pregnancy can be associated with disease "flares", the reasons for which remain obscure. While apoptotic bodies are believed to provide an autoantigenic trigger in lupus, whether autoantigenic constituents vary with varying cellular insults, and whether such variations can be immunologically consequential in the context of pregnancy, remains unknown. As assessed by antigenicity and mass spectrometry, apoptotic bodies elicited by different drugs demonstrated the differential presence of lupus-associated autoantigens, and varied in the ability to elicit lupus-associated cytokines from lupus splenocytes and alter the phenotype of lupus B cells. Immunization of tamoxifen-induced apoptotic bodies in lupus-prone mice generated higher humoral autoreactive responses than did immunization with cisplatin-induced apoptotic bodies, and both apoptotic bodies were poorly immunogenic in healthy mice. Incubation of lupus splenocytes (but not healthy splenocytes) with the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) along with tamoxifen-induced apoptotic bodies (but not cisplatin-induced apoptotic bodies) induced increases in the secretion of lupus-associated cytokines and in the up-modulation of B cell phenotypic markers. In addition, levels of secreted autoantibodies (including of specificities linked to lupus pathogenesis) were enhanced. These events were associated with the heightened phosphorylation of several signaling intermediates. Observations suggest that hCG is a potential disease-promoting co-stimulant in a lupus-milieu; when combined with specific apoptotic bodies, it enhances the intensity of multiple lupus-associated events. These findings deepen mechanistic insight into the hormone's links with autoreactive responses in lupus-prone mice and humans.
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10
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Comprehensive overview of autoantibody isotype and subclass distribution. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:999-1010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Autoantibody profile in sarcoidosis, analysis from the GRADS sarcoidosis cohort. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274381. [PMID: 36264970 PMCID: PMC9584415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis, a multi-systemic granulomatous disease, is a predominantly T-cell disease but evidence for a role for humoral immunity in disease pathogenesis is growing. Utilizing samples from the Genomic Research in Alpha-1 anti-trypsin Deficiency and Sarcoidosis (GRADS) study, we examined the prevalence of autoantibodies in sarcoidosis patients with pulmonary-only and extra-pulmonary organ involvement compared to normal controls. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed serum samples from sarcoidosis patients who participated in the GRADS study utilizing an autoantigen microarray platform for both IgM and IgG antibodies. The cohort included sarcoidosis patients with pulmonary-only disease (POS, n = 106), sarcoidosis patients with extra-pulmonary disease (EPS, n = 120) and a normal control cohort (NC, n = 101). Organ involvement was assessed following a standardized format across all GRADS participating centers. RESULTS Sarcoidosis patients overall had increased levels of IgM and IgG autoantibodies compared to normal controls. In addition, several autoantibodies were elevated in the POS and EPS cohorts compared to the NC cohort. Differences in autoantibody levels were also noted between the POS and the EPS cohorts. When comparing organ involvement with sarcoidosis, bone, spleen and ear, nose and throat involvement had higher IgM expression than other organs. CONCLUSION Sarcoidosis patients have elevated IgM and IgG autoantibody levels compared to normal controls. In addition, individuals with pulmonary as well as additional organ involvement had higher IgM expression. Further research is needed focusing on specific organ-autoantibody pairs and role of autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis.
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12
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Kayser C, Dutra LA, Dos Reis-Neto ET, Castro CHDM, Fritzler MJ, Andrade LEC. The Role of Autoantibody Testing in Modern Personalized Medicine. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:251-288. [PMID: 35244870 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine (PM) aims individualized approach to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Precision Medicine applies the paradigm of PM by defining groups of individuals with akin characteristics. Often the two terms have been used interchangeably. The quest for PM has been advancing for centuries as traditional nosology classification defines groups of clinical conditions with relatively similar prognoses and treatment options. However, any individual is characterized by a unique set of multiple characteristics and therefore the achievement of PM implies the determination of myriad demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters. The accelerated identification of numerous biological variables associated with diverse health conditions contributes to the fulfillment of one of the pre-requisites for PM. The advent of multiplex analytical platforms contributes to the determination of thousands of biological parameters using minute amounts of serum or other biological matrixes. Finally, big data analysis and machine learning contribute to the processing and integration of the multiplexed data at the individual level, allowing for the personalized definition of susceptibility, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and treatment. Autoantibodies are traditional biomarkers for autoimmune diseases and can contribute to PM in many aspects, including identification of individuals at risk, early diagnosis, disease sub-phenotyping, definition of prognosis, and treatment, as well as monitoring disease activity. Herein we address how autoantibodies can promote PM in autoimmune diseases using the examples of systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Kayser
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Luis Eduardo C Andrade
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Immunology Division, Fleury Medicine and Health Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil.
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13
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Abstract
Anti-histone antibodies (AHAs) make their appearance in a number of systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE). Although being known for over 50 years, they are poorly studied and understood. There is emerging evidence for their use in predicting clinical features of SLE, diversifying their clinical use. AHAs, however, are probably less prevalent in DILE than once thought owing to a move away from older DILE drugs to modern biological agents which do not appear to elicit AHAs. This review examines the historical studies that have defined AHAs and looks at some of the recent work with these autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Y S Lee
- Department of Immunology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia.,ICPMR, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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14
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Elsayed SAR, Kamaly HM, Esmail MA. Co-positivity of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith autoantibodies as serological biomarkers for disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43166-021-00110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Evaluation of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is important for modulating the therapeutic plan and decreasing organ damage. Autoantibodies are important serological biomarkers in SLE. We evaluated the effect of co-positivity of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith, autoantibodies on the SLEDAI score in SLE patients.
Results
Eighty adult SLE patients were included in this study. The correlations of the three autoantibodies with the SLEDAI score in addition to their sensitivity and specificity for the assessment of disease activity were analyzed. There was a highly significant difference between anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith positive and negative groups as regards the SLEDAI score. Increased number of autoantibody positivity was associated with an increased mean rank of SLEDAI, and the three autoantibodies were positively correlated with each other and with the SLEDAI score. Roc curve analysis revealed that anti-smith has the highest sensitivity (90%) followed by anti-dsDNA and anti-nucleosome (85% for each). Moreover, anti-dsDNA had the highest specificity (88%) followed by anti-nucleosome (86%) then anti-smith (84%).
Conclusions
Anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, and anti-smith autoantibodies have a positive correlation with the SLEDAI score, and they may be considered as good serological biomarkers for the assessment of disease activity in SLE patients.
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15
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Lee AYS. IgA anti-dsDNA antibodies: A neglected serological parameter in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2022; 31:137-142. [PMID: 35049409 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221074184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) autoantibodies are archetypal biomarkers found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although they can exist in any isotype, very little is understood about the IgA isotype for which most of our knowledge is derived from observational studies. This review article summarises our knowledge of this autoantibody isotype to date. Attention will be spent on clinical associations as well as its potential links with lupus nephritis for which there is still some controversy. Further understanding of this serological parameter may facilitate diagnosis, prognosis and treatments of systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Y S Lee
- 8539Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,ICPMR, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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16
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Bertelli R, Schena F, Antonini F, Reverberi D, Signa S, Pedemonte N, Consolaro A, Gattorno M, Negrini S, Pupo F, Volpi S, Ghiggeri GM. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Stimulate IgG2 Production From B Lymphocytes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:635436. [PMID: 33912575 PMCID: PMC8072216 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.635436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating autoantibodies of IgG2 isotype predominate in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and concur to the development of the renal lesions characteristic of Lupus Nephritis (LN). Anti-dsDNA and anti-histones IgG2, together with anti-podocyte proteins (i.e., α-enolase) are the major autoantibodies in serum and renal glomeruli of LN patients. The mechanisms underlying autoantibody formation and isotype switching in SLE and LN are unknown. A major issue is how DNA/histones are externalized from cell nucleus, driving the autoimmune response. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) have been recently identified as crucial players in this context, representing the main source of DNA and nucleosome proteins. A second key point is what regulates IgG2 isotype switching: in mouse models, T-bet transcription factor has been described as essential for IgG2a class switch. We hypothesized that, in SLE, NET formation is the key mechanism responsible for externalization of autoantigens (i.e., dsDNA, histones 2,3, and α-enolase) and that T-bet is upregulated by NETs, driving, in this way, immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR), with production of IgG2 autoantibodies. The data here presented show that NETs, purified from SLE patients, stimulate ex vivo IgG2 isotype class switch possibly through the induction of T-bet. Of note, we observed a prominent effect of NETs on the release of soluble IgG2 in SLE patients', but not in healthy donors' B cells. Our results add important knowledge on the mechanisms of IgG2 class switch in SLE and contribute to further elucidate the role of NETs in LN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bertelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Schena
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Antonini
- Core Facilities Flow Cytometry and Cell Imaging Lab, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Signa
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Children's Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- Complex Operative Unit (UOC) of Medical Genetics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Consolaro
- Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Negrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pupo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine Unit, Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Children's Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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17
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Stadtlober NP, Flauzino T, da Rosa Franchi Santos LF, Iriyoda TMV, Costa NT, Lozovoy MAB, Dichi I, Reiche EMV, Simão ANC. Haplotypes of FOXP3 genetic variants are associated with susceptibility, autoantibodies, and TGF-β1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5406. [PMID: 33686190 PMCID: PMC7940633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of rs2232365 (-924 G > A) and rs3761548 (-3279 C > A) FOXP3 variants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility, TGF-β1 plasma levels, autoantibodies, and LN nephritis, and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). The study included 196 SLE female patients and 157 female controls. FOXP3 variants were determined with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma levels of TGF-β1 were determined using immunofluorimetric assay. The AA genotype [OR: 2.650, CI 95%(1.070-6.564), p = 0.035] and A allele [OR: 2.644, CI 95%(1.104-6.333), p = 0.029] were associated with SLE diagnosis in the -3279 C > A. The A/A haplotype was associated with SLE [OR: 3.729, CI 95%(1.006-13.820), p = 0.049]. GCGC haplotype patients had higher TGF-β1 levels (p = 0.012) than other haplotypes. Patients with -924 AA genotype showed higher frequency of anti-dsDNA (p = 0.012) and anti-U1RNP (p = 0.036). The A/C haplotype had higher SLEDAI score [OR: 1.119, CI 95%(1.015-1.234), p = 0.024] and ACAC haplotype higher frequency of anti-dsDNA [OR: 3.026, CI 95%(1.062-8.624), p = 0.038], anti-U1RNP [OR: 5.649, CI 95%(1.199-26.610), p = 0.029] and nephritis [OR: 2.501, CI 95%(1.004-6.229), p = 0.049]. Our data demonstrate that the G/C haplotype provides protection for SLE. While the presence of allele A of both variants could favor autoimmunity, disease activity, and LN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamires Flauzino
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Health Sciences Center, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Av. Robert Koch 60, Londrina, Paraná, CEP, 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Isaias Dichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Health Sciences Center, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Av. Robert Koch 60, Londrina, Paraná, CEP, 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Health Sciences Center, University Hospital, State University of Londrina, Av. Robert Koch 60, Londrina, Paraná, CEP, 86038-440, Brazil.
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18
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Shang X, Ren L, Sun G, Yu T, Yao Y, Wang L, Liu F, Zhang L, He X, Liu M. Anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-C1q, and anti-histone antibodies as markers of active lupus nephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:407-418. [PMID: 33470559 PMCID: PMC8127563 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies of anti‐dsDNA, nucleosome (Nucl), histone (His), and C1q antibodies have revealed their clinical value in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the correlation between four autoantibodies and SLE activity, lupus nephritis (LN) remains controversial, and data are insufficient on longitudinal monitoring. This study aimed at evaluating the value of these autoantibodies in active LN, and their performance on cross‐sectional evaluating and longitudinal monitoring of SLE disease activity. Methods Serum levels of four autoantibodies in 114 SLE patients, 219 other autoimmune disease patients (OAD), and 59 healthy controls were assayed by a quantitative immunoassay. Sera of 38 inpatients were obtained again after treatment. Results We found that serum levels of four autoantibodies were significantly higher in SLE than OAD patients (p < 001), active LN than non‐renal SLE patients (p < .05), and higher in SLE patients with moderate and severe disease activity than mild disease activity (p < .01). Horizontally, serum level of each autoantibody was correlated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (p < .05), and correlation coefficient of anti‐dsDNA was the highest (r = .585). For longitudinal monitoring, the decreased levels of four autoantibodies were found following treatment (p < .001). Serum level variations of these antibodies were positively correlated with variations of SLEDAI (p < .05). The correlation coefficient of anti‐Nucl was the highest (r = .629). Although the levels of C3 and C4 increased after treatment, the change was not related to the change of SLEDAI (p > .05). Conclusions Anti‐C1q, anti‐dsDNA, anti‐Nucl, and anti‐His perform well in diagnosing active LN and monitoring SLE disease activity. They could be indicators of active LN and SLE disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lisheng Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Teng Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fenghai Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaqin He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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19
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Tesch S, Abdirama D, Grießbach AS, Brand HA, Goerlich N, Humrich JY, Bacher P, Hiepe F, Riemekasten G, Enghard P. Identification and characterization of antigen-specific CD4 + T cells targeting renally expressed antigens in human lupus nephritis with two independent methods. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21312. [PMID: 33277543 PMCID: PMC7718878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for anti-renal autoreactivity in human lupus nephritis, we stimulated blood-derived CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with various kidney lysates. Although only minor responses were detectable, these experiments led to the development of a search algorithm that combined autoantibody association with human lupus nephritis and target gene expression in inflamed kidneys. Applying this algorithm, five potential T cell antigens were identified. Blood-derived CD4+ T cells were then stimulated with these antigens. The cells were magnetically enriched prior to measurement with flow cytometry to facilitate the detection of very rare autoantigen-specific cells. The detected responses were dominated by IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells. Additionally, IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells were found. In a next step, T cell reactivity to each single antigen was independently evaluated with T cell libraries and [3H]-thymidine incorporation assays. Here, Vimentin and Annexin A2 were identified as the main T cell targets. Finally, Vimentin reactive T cells were also found in the urine of three patients with active disease. Overall, our experiments show that antigen-specific CD4+ T cells targeting renally expressed antigens arise in human lupus nephritis and correlate with disease activity and are mainly of the Th1 subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Tesch
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimas Abdirama
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophie Grießbach
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Antonia Brand
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Goerlich
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Y Humrich
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel and Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. .,Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
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Elsayed SA, Mohafez OMM. Autoantibodies spectrum in lupus nephritis in a cohort of Egyptian patients: relation to disease activity and prognostic value. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43166-020-00039-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Specific autoantibodies are considered as an important marker in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and are of great value for the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. A total of eighteen autoantibodies were analyzed for their positivity in SLE patients and we evaluated the clinical relevance of the five most frequent autoantibodies: anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, anti-Ro60, and anti-Ro52 on disease activity and renal affection in SLE Egyptian patients.
Results
Immunological profile and correlation of the five autoantibodies with disease activity and histopathological pattern of renal involvement were analyzed for 190 SLE patients. Lupus nephritis (LN) patients showed much worse constitutional and mucocutaneous manifestations than patients without nephritis. Autoantibody profile showed a significant increased frequency of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, anti-Ro-60, and anti-Ro52 antibodies in LN patients. The impact of the co-positivity of the autoantibodies on the renal function was obvious. Moreover, the disease activity increased by the increased frequency of autoantibodies positivity in LN patients. ROC curve analysis showed that anti-nucleosome had the highest sensitivity; 93% followed by anti-dsDNA 83.3% then anti-histone 73.8%, but anti-Ro60 and anti-Ro52 showed a humble sensitivity. Furthermore, the highest frequency of positivity for the five autoantibodies was found in class-III and class-IV LN patients.
Conclusion
Detection of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, and anti-Ro60 in SLE patients may be important for predicting disease progression and kidney affection. Moreover, anti-nucleosome and anti-dsDNA show high sensitivity and specificity for lupus nephritis, thus patients with four to five positive autoantibody panels should be kept under close monitoring as they may warrant considering aggressive therapy to control their disease and prevent renal damage.
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Guthridge CJ, Gross T, Quintero M, Kheir JM, Levin J, Bourn RL, Khan S, Peercy M, Saunkeah B, Guthridge JM, James JA. Expanded Autoantibody Profiles for Subsetting of Native American, African American, and European American Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. ACR Open Rheumatol 2020; 2:415-423. [PMID: 32567819 PMCID: PMC7368137 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Many Native American (NA) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) do not exhibit the classical SLE autoantibody profiles of European American (EA) and African American (AA) patients with SLE. The poorer SLE disease outcomes noted in NA patients highlights a need for more equitable diagnostic and prognostic tools for NA patients with SLE. The objective was to identify informative autoantibody profiles for NA, AA, and EA patients with SLE using an expanded set of autoantigens. Methods Sera from 49 NA, 49 AA, and 49 EA age‐, sex‐, and antinuclear autoantibody titer–matched patients with SLE who met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria and 10 ethnicity‐, sex‐, and age‐matched controls were tested for autoantibody reactivity by autoantigen microarrays. Autoantibodies that were significantly elevated in patients with SLE compared with ethnicity‐specific controls were selected for hierarchical clustering. Differences in clinical criteria between patient clusters were determined by Fisher's exact test and corrected for multiple comparisons. Results NA, AA, and EA patients with SLE each had a cluster distinguished by higher levels of anti‐Ro52 and another cluster distinguished by nucleic acid–specific autoantibodies. Additional clusters were distinguished in NA patients by elevated extracellular matrix autoantibodies and were distinguished in AA patients by elevated Sm/RNP autoantibody and elevated nucleolin/histone autoantibody. Two EA patient clusters with similar nucleic acid– and Ro52‐specific autoantibodies were distinguished by either high or low histone 2A reactivity. Renal manifestations trended higher in the NA Ro52 cluster and were significantly enriched in the AA nucleolin/histone cluster. The AA nucleolin/histone cluster and EA H2A cluster had higher disease activity. Conclusion Expanded autoantibody profiles can identify informative subsets of patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeremy Levin
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
| | | | | | | | | | - Joel M Guthridge
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Judith A James
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
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Assessment of a high-avidity IgG ANAs for the diagnosis and activity prediction of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:2619-2629. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Ghiggeri GM, D’Alessandro M, Bartolomeo D, Degl’Innocenti ML, Magnasco A, Lugani F, Prunotto M, Bruschi M. An Update on Antibodies to Necleosome Components as Biomarkers of Sistemic Lupus Erythematosus and of Lupus Flares. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225799. [PMID: 31752186 PMCID: PMC6888059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with variable clinical expression. It is a potentially devastating condition affecting mostly women and leading to clinically unpredictable outcomes. Remission and flares may, in fact, alternate over time and a mild involvement limited to few articular sites may be followed by severe and widespread organ damage. SLE is the prototype of any autoimmune condition and has, for this reason, attracted the interest of basic immunologists. Therapies have evolved over time and clinical prognosis has, in parallel, been improved. What clinicians still lack is the possibility to use biomarkers of the disease as predictors of outcome and, in this area, several studies are trying to find solutions. Circulating autoantibodies are clearly a milestone of clinical research and the concrete possibility is to integrate, in the future, classical markers of activation (like C3) with target organ autoantibodies. Anti-dsDNA antibodies represent a basic point in any predictive attempt in SLE and should be considered the benchmark for any innovative proposal in the wide field of target organ pathologies related to SLE. DNA is part of the nucleosome that is the basic unit of chromatin. It consists of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer made of 2 copies each of Histone 2A, 2B, 3, and 4. The nucleosome has a plastic organization that varies over time and has the potential to stimulate the formation of antibodies directed to the whole structure (anti-nucleosome) or its parts (anti-dsDNA and anti-Histones). Here, we present an updated review of the literature on antibodies directed to the nucleosome and the nucleosome constituents, i.e., DNA and Histones. Wetriedto merge the data first published more than twenty years ago with more recent results to create a balanced bridge between old dogma and more recent research that could serve as a stimulus to reconsider mechanisms for SLE. The formation of large networks would provide the chance of studying large cohorts of patients and confirm what already presented in small sample size during the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy (D.B.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, IRCCS IstitutoGianninaGaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+39)-010-380742; Fax: (+39)-010-395214
| | - Matteo D’Alessandro
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Domenico Bartolomeo
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Ludovica Degl’Innocenti
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alberto Magnasco
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Istituto G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesca Lugani
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, IRCCS IstitutoGianninaGaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Marco Prunotto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Maurizio Bruschi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, IRCCS IstitutoGianninaGaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (F.L.); (M.B.)
- Fondazione per le MalattieRenalinel Bambino, 16100 Genoa, Italy
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Gong S, Xu Z, Liu Y, Xing L, Ma J, Yu C, Liu X, Jia X, Xie R, Sui M. Plasma sMer, sAxl and GAS6 levels correlate with disease activity and severity in lupus nephritis. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13064. [PMID: 30588607 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to determine whether TAM receptors and ligands associated with the activity and severity of lupus nephritis. METHODS Clinical data were statistically analysed and studied in 122 SLE patients, diagnosed from 2013 to 2016 in First Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University. Levels of TAM receptors and ligands in the plasma of 122 SLE patients were measured by ELISA. Renal biopsies were performed to confirm lupus nephritis (LN) by histopathology in 68 patients. The associations of TAM receptors and ligands with clinical and serological parameters were analysed in 68 LN patients. RESULTS Amongst patients with SLE, those with LN had significantly higher plasma sMer, sAxl and GAS6 levels than those without renal involvement (P < 0.01 for all comparisons). Additional comparisons on the renal function-associated clinical parameters confirmed an indicative role of the sMer, sAXL and GAS6 levels in the cohort of patients with more severe nephritis. Patients with higher sMer, sAXL and GAS6 levels of LN patients tended to suffer from proliferative glomerulonephritis. The sAXL and GAS6 levels had a strong positive correlation with activity index (AI) in LN patients. Furthermore, there was a significant drop of the sMer, sAXL and GAS6 concentrations from the time of the biopsy to month t6, but no further decrease from months t6 to t12. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that plasma sMer, sAxl and GAS6 can be an additional clinical marker related to the disease activity and severity in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Gong
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaozhen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Xing
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengyuan Yu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xibei Jia
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rujuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Manshu Sui
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Wang LJ, Naudé N, Chang YC, Crivaro A, Kamoun M, Wang P, Li L. An ultra-low-cost smartphone octochannel spectrometer for mobile health diagnostics. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700382. [PMID: 29603674 PMCID: PMC6382277 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development and proliferation of mobile devices with powerful computing power and the ability of integrating sensors into mobile devices, the potential impact of mobile health (mHealth) diagnostics on the public health is drawing researchers' attention. We developed a Smartphone Octo-channel Spectrometer (SOS) as a mHealth diagnostic tool. The SOS has nanoscale wavelength resolution, is self-illuminated from the smartphone itself, and is ultra-low cost (less than $20). A user interface controls the optical sensing parameters and precise alignment. After calibrating and testing the SOS by quantifying protein concentrations, we clinically validated the SOS by comparing the diagnostic performance of our device with that of a clinical spectrophotometer. About 180 serum samples from de-identified patients with 4 types of autoantibodies were blindly read the ELISA results. The accuracy of the SOS achieved 100% across the clinical reportable range compared with the FDA-approved instrument. Furthermore, the self-illuminated SOS only requires about half of the light intensity of the FDA-approved instrument to achieve clinical-level sensitivity. The low-energy-consumption and low-cost SOS enables point-of-care spectrophotometric sensing in low-resource areas, and can be integrated into point-of-care diagnostic systems for rapid multiplex readout and analysis at patient bedside or at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ju Wang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Nicole Naudé
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yu-Chung Chang
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Anne Crivaro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Malek Kamoun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lei Li
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Didier K, Bolko L, Giusti D, Toquet S, Robbins A, Antonicelli F, Servettaz A. Autoantibodies Associated With Connective Tissue Diseases: What Meaning for Clinicians? Front Immunol 2018; 9:541. [PMID: 29632529 PMCID: PMC5879136 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, myositis, Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis are systemic diseases which are often associated with a challenge in diagnosis. Autoantibodies (AAbs) can be detected in these diseases and help clinicians in their diagnosis. Actually, pathophysiology of these diseases is associated with the presence of antinuclear antibodies. In the last decades, many new antibodies were discovered, but their implication in pathogenesis of CTDs remains unclear. Furthermore, the classification of these AAbs is nowadays misused, as their targets can be localized outside of the nuclear compartment. Interestingly, in most cases, each antibody is associated with a specific phenotype in CTDs and therefore help in better defining either the disease subtypes or diseases activity and outcome. Because of recent progresses in their detection and in the comprehension of their pathogenesis implication in CTD-associated antibodies, clinicians should pay attention to the presence of these different AAbs to improve patient's management. In this review, we propose to focus on the different phenotypes and features associated with each autoantibody used in clinical practice in those CTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Didier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Reims Teaching Hospitals, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Loïs Bolko
- Rheumatology Department, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Delphine Giusti
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, EA7319, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Reims University Hospital, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Segolene Toquet
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Ailsa Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Reims Teaching Hospitals, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Frank Antonicelli
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, EA7319, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Department of Biological Sciences, Immunology, UFR Odontology, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Amelie Servettaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Reims Teaching Hospitals, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, EA7319, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Umare V, Pradhan V, Rajadhyaksha A, Ghosh K, Nadkarni A. Predisposition of IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism to renal and hematologic disorders in Indian SLE patients. Gene 2018; 641:41-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Autoantibodies against Modified Histone Peptides in SLE Patients Are Associated with Disease Activity and Lupus Nephritis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165373. [PMID: 27780265 PMCID: PMC5079581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent exposure of the immune system to death cell debris leads to autoantibodies against chromatin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Deposition of anti-chromatin/chromatin complexes can instigate inflammation in multiple organs including the kidney. Previously we identified specific cell death-associated histone modifications as targets of autoantibodies in SLE. In this study we addressed, in a large cohort of SLE patients and controls, the question whether plasma reactivities with specific histone peptides associated with serology and clinical features. Plasma from SLE patients with and without lupus nephritis, disease controls, and healthy controls, were tested in ELISA with histone H4 peptide acetylated at lysines 8, 12 and 16 (H4pac), H2B peptide acetylated at lysine 12 (H2Bpac), H3 peptide trimethylated at lysine 27 (H3pme), and their unmodified equivalents. SLE patients displayed a higher reactivity with the modified equivalent of each peptide. Reactivity with H4pac showed both a high sensitivity (89%) and specificity (91%) for SLE, while H2Bpac exhibited a high specificity (96%) but lower sensitivity (69%). Reactivity with H3pme appeared not specific for SLE. Anti-H4pac and anti-H2Bpac reactivity demonstrated a high correlation with disease activity. Moreover, patients reacting with multiple modified histone peptides exhibited higher SLEDAI and lower C3 levels. SLE patients with renal involvement showed higher reactivity with H2B/H2Bpac and a more pronounced reactivity with the modified equivalent of H3pme and H2Bpac. In conclusion, reactivity with H4pac and H2Bpac is specific for SLE patients and correlates with disease activity, whereas reactivity with H2Bpac is in particular associated with lupus nephritis.
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Association between IgG4 Autoantibody and Complement Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2196986. [PMID: 27597802 PMCID: PMC4997081 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2196986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the association between IgG4 autoantibody and complement abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 72 newly diagnosed SLE patients, 67 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and 41 healthy normals were employed. Serum levels of antinuclear IgG4 and IgG4-specific IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF) were measured, and the correlations between serum levels of antinuclear IgG4 and several clinical parameters were analyzed. Also, the levels of IgG subclasses, C1q, and C3 deposition in lupus nephritis (LN) were detected. The results showed that serum levels of antinuclear IgG4 were higher in SLE patients relative to healthy normals (P < 0.01). Serum levels of antinuclear IgG4 in SLE patients were positively correlated with serum levels of total IgG4, albumin, and C3 (r = 0.61, P < 0.05; r = 0.40, P < 0.05; and r = 0.54, P < 0.05, resp.) and negatively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein (r = 0.49, P < 0.05). Serum levels of IgG4-specific IgM-RF were higher in RA patients than in SLE patients (P < 0.001). Also, the ratio of the deposition score for IgG4/(IgG1 + IgG2 + IgG3 + IgG4) was negatively correlated with the score for C1q and C3 deposition in LN (r = 0.34, P < 0.05; r = 0.51, P < 0.01, resp.). In summary, the IgG4 autoantibody may dampen the inflammatory response in SLE, thus maybe providing a novel therapeutic target for SLE.
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High Avidity dsDNA Autoantibodies in Brazilian Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Correlation with Active Disease and Renal Dysfunction. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:814748. [PMID: 26583157 PMCID: PMC4637097 DOI: 10.1155/2015/814748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated in Brazilian women with SLE the prevalence and levels of high avidity (HA) dsDNA antibodies and tested their correlation with lupus activity and biomarkers of renal disease. We also compared these correlations to those observed with total dsDNA antibodies and antibodies against nucleosome (ANuA). Autoantibodies were detected by ELISA, while C3 and C4 levels were determined by nephelometry. Urine protein/creatinine ratio was determined, and lupus activity was measured by SLEDAI-2K. The prevalence of total and HA dsDNA antibodies was similar to but lower than that verified for ANuA. The levels of the three types of antibodies were correlated, but the correlation was more significant between HA dsDNA antibodies and ANuA. High avidity dsDNA antibodies correlated positively with ESR and SLEDAI and inversely with C3 and C4. Similar correlations were observed for ANuA levels, whereas total dsDNA antibodies only correlated with SLEDAI and C3. The levels of HA dsDNA antibodies were higher in patients with proteinuria, but their levels of total dsDNA antibodies and ANuA were unaltered. High avidity dsDNA antibodies can be found in high prevalence in Brazilian women with SLE and are important biomarkers of active disease and kidney dysfunction.
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Yang J, Xu Z, Sui M, Han J, Sun L, Jia X, Zhang H, Han C, Jin X, Gao F, Liu Y, Li Y, Cao J, Ling H, Zhang F, Ren H. Co-Positivity for Anti-dsDNA, -Nucleosome and -Histone Antibodies in Lupus Nephritis Is Indicative of High Serum Levels and Severe Nephropathy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140441. [PMID: 26465327 PMCID: PMC4605492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the significance of correlated autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its complication lupus nephritis (LN) in a large cohort of patients. METHODS Clinical data were statistically analyzed in 1699 SLE patients with or without nephritis who were diagnosed and treated during 2002-2013 in the northeast region of China. Reactivity to a list of 16 autoantibodies was detected by the serum test Euroline ANA profile (IgG). Serum titers of the anti-nucleosome autoantibodies were measured by ELISA assays. Kidney biopsies were examined by pathologists. Immune complex deposition was identified by immunohistochemistry stain. RESULTS Simultaneous positivity of anti-dsDNA, -nucleosome and -histone antibodies (3-pos) was prevalent in SLE patients with LN compared to Non-renal SLE patients (41% vs 11%, p< 0.001). Significant correlations were found between any two of the above three anti-nucleosome antibodies in LN patients. In comparison to non-3-pos cohorts, 3-pos patients with LN had significantly higher serum levels of the three antibodies and more active disease; was associated with type IV disease; suffered from more severe renal damages; received more intensive treatment and had worse disease outcome. The serum levels of these three autoantibodies in 3-pos LN patients were significantly decreased when they underwent clinical recovery. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous reactivity to anti-dsDNA, -nucleosome and -histone antibodies by Euroline ANA profile (IgG) may indicate severe nephropathy in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yang
- Dept. of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
- Immunity & Infection Key laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Zhaozhen Xu
- Dept. of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Manshu Sui
- Dept. of Nephrology, First Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Jihua Han
- Dept. of General Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Dept. of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
- Immunity & Infection Key laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Xiuzhi Jia
- Dept. of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
- Immunity & Infection Key laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Changsong Han
- Dept. of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Dept. of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Dept. of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Second Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Dept. of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Second Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Dept. of Rheumatology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, China
| | - Jianbin Cao
- Harbin center for disease control and prevention, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Hong Ling
- Dept. of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Dept. of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
- * E-mail: ; (HR); (FZ)
| | - Huan Ren
- Dept. of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
- Immunity & Infection Key laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, 150081 Harbin, China
- * E-mail: ; (HR); (FZ)
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Sui M, Ye X, Ma J, Yu C, Zhao S, Liu X, Li L, Cao J, Jia X, Xie R. Epidemiology and risk factors for chronic kidney disease in Chinese patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis. Intern Med J 2015; 45:1167-72. [PMID: 26109241 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is the most common secondary glomerulonephritis leading to end-stage renal disease. AIM The purpose of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese patients with LN. METHODS Clinical, laboratory, renal histopathology, treatment and outcome data were collected and retrospectively analysed in LN patients with or without CKD. RESULTS At the end of the study, 94 (45.63%) patients were identified as having CKD among 206 individuals with renal biopsy-proven LN. Renal function, represented by serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate, was significantly decreased in the CKD patients (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively) at the time of the kidney biopsy. Compared with the non-CKD group, significantly increased proportions of hypertension (P < 0.001), serositis (P = 0.042) and anti-histone antibody positivity (P = 0.004) were detected in the CKD patients. Renal pathological activity and chronicity index scores were significantly increased in the CKD group (P < 0.001 for all). Finally, hypertension (hazard ratio (HR) 2.432, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.575-3.754, P < 0.001), anti-histone antibody (HR 2.907, 95% CI 1.837-4.600, P < 0.001), and tubular atrophy (HR 1.248, 95% CI 1.007-1.547, P = 0.043) were independent risk factors for CKD. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension, anti-histone antibody and tubular atrophy are independent risk factors for CKD in Chinese LN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sui
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - X Ye
- Department of Haematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - C Yu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - J Cao
- Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Harbin, China
| | - X Jia
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - R Xie
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Renal involvement is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus. In this review, we provide an update on recent discoveries in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of lupus nephritis. RECENT FINDINGS Localized long-lived plasma cells have been identified as playing an important role in lupus nephritis. In addition, the roles of aberrant expression of microRNAs and proinflammatory cytokines have been explored. Early diagnosis is important for effective treatment and multiple biomarkers have been identified; however, none has been yet validated for clinical use. Biomarker panels may turn out to be more accurate than each individual component. Biologic agents for the treatment of lupus nephritis are being studied, including belimumab which was recently approved for nonrenal systemic lupus erythematosus. Rituximab has not proven itself in large, placebo-controlled trials, although it is still being used in refractory cases of lupus nephritis. SUMMARY Lupus nephritis is a potentially devastating complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. Immune cells, cytokines, and epigenetic factors have all been recently implicated in lupus nephritis pathogenesis. These recent discoveries may enable a paradigm shift in the treatment of this complex disease, allowing the tailoring of treatment to target specific pathogenic mediators at specific points in time in the progression of disease. VIDEO ABSTRACT
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Multi-antibody composition in lupus nephritis: isotype and antigen specificity make the difference. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:692-702. [PMID: 25888464 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Research on autoimmune processes involved in glomerulonephritis has been for years based on experimental models. Recent progress in proteomics has radically modified perspectives: laser microdissection and proteomics were crucial for an in vivo analysis of autoantibodies eluted from human biopsies. Lupus nephritis has been the subject of recent independent researches. Main topics have been the definition of renal autoimmune components in human lupus biopsies; methods were laser capture of glomeruli and/or of single cells (CD38+ or Ki-67+) from tubulointerstitial areas as starting step followed by elution and characterization of renal antibodies by proteomics. The innovative approach highlighted different panels of autoantibodies deposited in glomeruli and in tubulo-interstitial areas that actually represented the unique autoimmune components in these patients. IgG2 was the major isotype; new podocyte proteins (αenolase, annexin AI) and already known implanted molecules (DNA, histone 3, C1q) were their target antigens in glomeruli. Vimentin was the antigen in tubulo-interstitial areas. Matching renal autoantibodies with serum allowed the definition of a typical autoantibody serum map that included the same anti-αenolase, anti-annexin AI, anti-DNA, and anti-histone 3 IgG2 already detected in renal tissue. Serum levels of specific autoantibodies were tenfold increased in patients with lupus nephritis allowing a clear differentiation from both rheumatoid arthritis and other glomerulonephritis. In all cases, targeted antigens were characterized as components of lupus NETosis. Matching renal/serum autoantibody composition in vivo furnishes new insights on human lupus nephritis and allows to refine composition of circulating antibodies in patients with lupus. A thoughtful passage from bench to bedside of new knowledge would expand our clinical and therapeutic opportunities.
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Bruschi M, Galetti M, Sinico RA, Moroni G, Bonanni A, Radice A, Tincani A, Pratesi F, Migliorini P, Murtas C, Franceschini F, Trezzi B, Brunini F, Gatti R, Tardanico R, Barbano G, Piaggio G, Messa P, Ravani P, Scolari F, Candiano G, Martini A, Allegri L, Ghiggeri GM. Glomerular Autoimmune Multicomponents of Human Lupus Nephritis In Vivo (2): Planted Antigens. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 26:1905-24. [PMID: 25398787 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014050493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerular planted antigens (histones, DNA, and C1q) are potential targets of autoimmunity in lupus nephritis (LN). However, the characterization of these antigens in human glomeruli in vivo remains inconsistent. We eluted glomerular autoantibodies recognizing planted antigens from laser-microdissected renal biopsy samples of 20 patients with LN. Prevalent antibody isotypes were defined, levels were determined, and glomerular colocalization was investigated. Renal and circulating antibodies were matched, and serum levels were compared in 104 patients with LN, 84 patients with SLE without LN, and 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Autoantibodies against podocyte antigens (anti-α-enolase/antiannexin AI) were also investigated. IgG2 autoantibodies against DNA, histones (H2A, H3, and H4), and C1q were detected in 50%, 55%, and 70% of biopsy samples, respectively. Anti-DNA IgG3 was the unique non-IgG2 anti-DNA deposit, and anti-C1q IgG4 was mainly detected in subepithelial membranous deposits. Anti-H3, anti-DNA, and anti-C1q IgG2 autoantibodies were also prevalent in LN serum, which also contained IgG3 against the antigen panel and anti-C1q IgG4. Serum and glomerular levels of autoantibodies were not strictly associated. High serum levels of all autoantibodies detected, including anti-α-enolase and antiannexin AI, identified LN versus SLE and RA. Anti-H3 and anti-α-enolase IgG2 levels had the most remarkable increase in LN serum and represented a discriminating feature of LN in principal component analysis. The highest levels of these two autoantibodies were also associated with proteinuria>3.5 g/24 hours and creatinine>1.2 mg/dl. Our findings suggest that timely autoantibody characterization might allow outcome prediction and targeted therapies for patients with nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maricla Galetti
- Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL) Research Center, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Renato Alberto Sinico
- Division of Nephrology, Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Divisions of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation and
| | - Antonella Radice
- Division of Nephrology, Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corrado Murtas
- Divisions of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation and
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Trezzi
- Division of Nephrology, Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Brunini
- Division of Nephrology, Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Gatti
- Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences and
| | - Regina Tardanico
- Service of Pathological Anatomy, Division of Nephrology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Ravani
- Division of Nephrology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and
| | - Francesco Scolari
- Division of Nephrology, University of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Martini
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS), Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Laboratory on Pathophysiology of Uremia and Divisions of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation and
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Fagone P, Muthumani K, Mangano K, Magro G, Meroni PL, Kim JJ, Sardesai NY, Weiner DB, Nicoletti F. VGX-1027 modulates genes involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced Toll-like receptor 4 activation and in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology 2014; 142:594-602. [PMID: 24527796 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
VGX-1027 [(S,R)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxasole acetic acid] is a small molecule compound with immunomodulatory properties, which favourably influences the development of immuno-inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in different animal models such as type 1 diabetes mellitus, pleurisy, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. However, the precise mechanism of action of VGX-1027 remains to be ascertained. With this aim, we have studied the immunomodulatory effects of VGX-1027 in vitro, using a genome-wide oligonucleotide microarray approach, and in vivo, using the NZB/NZW F1 model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Microarray data revealed that the administration of VGX-1027 profoundly affected the immune response to exogenous antigens, by modulating the expression of genes that are primarily involved in antigen processing and presentation as well as genes that regulate immune activation. When administered in vivo VGX-1027 ameliorated the course of the disease in the NZB/NZW F1 mice, which correlated with higher per cent survival and improved clinical and histopathological signs. The data presented herein support the theory that VGX-1027 modulates immunity, probably by inhibiting inflammatory antigen presentation and so limiting immune cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Li T, Prokopec SD, Morrison S, Lou W, Reich H, Gladman D, Urowitz M, Scholey J, Fortin PR, Boutros PC, Wither J, Landolt-Marticorena C. Anti-nucleosome antibodies outperform traditional biomarkers as longitudinal indicators of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 54:449-57. [PMID: 25193804 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether anti-nucleosome antibodies function as activity-specific biomarkers in SLE. METHODS Fifty-one patients were recruited and followed prospectively with periodic clinical and biochemical assessments over a 14-month period. Disease activity was determined by the SLEDAI-2K. Anti-nucleosome antibody levels were measured by an ELISA and its utility as an activity-specific biomarker as compared with that of anti-dsDNA antibodies and C3 was assessed both at baseline and in longitudinal analysis. RESULTS Anti-nucleosome antibodies were significantly elevated in SLE patients vs controls and showed a moderate positive correlation with disease activity. The utility of anti-nucleosome antibodies in identifying patients with active disease in a cross-sectional analysis was comparable to that of anti-dsDNA antibodies and C3. Analysis of variance demonstrated that the level of anti-nucleosome antibodies and C3 varied significantly with changes in disease activity over time. Changes in clinical state were not mirrored by changes in anti-dsDNA antibodies. In time-dependent analysis, anti-nucleosome antibodies showed a better fit over time than anti-dsDNA antibodies and C3. In pairwise comparisons, C3 and anti-nucleosome antibodies outperformed other models, including the conventional pairing of C3 and anti-dsDNA antibodies, however, no biomarker alone or as a group accurately predicted impending remissions or exacerbations. CONCLUSION Anti-nucleosome antibodies demonstrate greater fidelity as a biomarker for changes in SLE disease activity than traditional biomarkers, supporting the routine monitoring of this antibody in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Li
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephenie D Prokopec
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stacey Morrison
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy Lou
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Reich
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dafna Gladman
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University
| | - Murray Urowitz
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University
| | - James Scholey
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University
| | - Joan Wither
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University
| | - Carolina Landolt-Marticorena
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHU de Québec, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec and Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Department of Immunology, Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University
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Relationship between hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and renal severity in patients with lupus nephritis: a prospective study. Cent Eur J Immunol 2014; 39:243-52. [PMID: 26155131 PMCID: PMC4440014 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2014.43730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study The purpose is to evaluate the relationship between hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, nephrotic and renal severity in patients with lupus nephritis. Material and methods Autoantibodies and serological parameters were measured and analyzed in 429 patients with lupus nephritis in a single centre. Results The prevalence for anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome and anti-histone was higher in the nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients than that in non-NS patients (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The NS patients had a higher proportion of diffuse proliferative renal lesions (69.05%) and membranous lesions (68.00%). Serum total cholesterol and albumin levels were associated with activity and severity of renal disease. The levels of proteinuria and serum albumin were positively correlated with activity and chronicity index (p < 0.001 for all correlations). The incidence of a poor renal outcome (p = 0.0461) in the NS patients was significantly increased. On the other hand, the remission rate (p = 0.0002) was significantly reduced and recurrence rate (p = 0.0027) was significantly increased in NS patients. Conclusions This paper highlights that nephrotic-range proteinuria, elevated total cholesterol level and decreased serum albumin levels may reflect the activity and severity of renal damage in SLE patients.
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Bruschi M, Sinico RA, Moroni G, Pratesi F, Migliorini P, Galetti M, Murtas C, Tincani A, Madaio M, Radice A, Franceschini F, Trezzi B, Bianchi L, Giallongo A, Gatti R, Tardanico R, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Carnevali ML, Messa P, Ravani P, Barbano G, Bianco B, Bonanni A, Scolari F, Martini A, Candiano G, Allegri L, Ghiggeri GM. Glomerular autoimmune multicomponents of human lupus nephritis in vivo: α-enolase and annexin AI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25:2483-98. [PMID: 24790181 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013090987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal targets of autoimmunity in human lupus nephritis (LN) are unknown. We sought to identify autoantibodies and glomerular target antigens in renal biopsy samples from patients with LN and determine whether the same autoantibodies can be detected in circulation. Glomeruli were microdissected from biopsy samples of 20 patients with LN and characterized by proteomic techniques. Serum samples from large cohorts of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with and without LN and other glomerulonephritides were tested. Glomerular IgGs recognized 11 podocyte antigens, with reactivity varying by LN pathology. Notably, IgG2 autoantibodies against α-enolase and annexin AI were detected in 11 and 10 of the biopsy samples, respectively, and predominated over other autoantibodies. Immunohistochemistry revealed colocalization of α-enolase or annexin AI with IgG2 in glomeruli. High levels of serum anti-α-enolase (>15 mg/L) IgG2 and/or anti-annexin AI (>2.7 mg/L) IgG2 were detected in most patients with LN but not patients with other glomerulonephritides, and they identified two cohorts: patients with high anti-α-enolase/low anti-annexin AI IgG2 and patients with low anti-α-enolase/high anti-annexin AI IgG2. Serum levels of both autoantibodies decreased significantly after 12 months of therapy for LN. Anti-α-enolase IgG2 recognized specific epitopes of α-enolase and did not cross-react with dsDNA. Furthermore, nephritogenic monoclonal IgG2 (clone H147) derived from lupus-prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice recognized human α-enolase, suggesting homology between animal models and human LN. These data show a multiantibody composition in LN, where IgG2 autoantibodies against α-enolase and annexin AI predominate in the glomerulus and can be detected in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato Alberto Sinico
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maricla Galetti
- Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL) Research Center, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Corrado Murtas
- Divisions of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, and
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michael Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Antonella Radice
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Trezzi
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Clinical Immunology, San Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Agata Giallongo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rita Gatti
- Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, and
| | - Regina Tardanico
- Service of Pathological Anatomy, Division of Nephrology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- CNR, Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara D'Ambrosio
- CNR, Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Piergiorgio Messa
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Ravani
- Division of Nephrology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and
| | | | | | - Alice Bonanni
- Divisions of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, and
| | - Francesco Scolari
- Division of Nephrology, University of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Martini
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Serology of Lupus Erythematosus: Correlation between Immunopathological Features and Clinical Aspects. Autoimmune Dis 2014; 2014:321359. [PMID: 24649358 PMCID: PMC3932647 DOI: 10.1155/2014/321359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the aberrant production of a broad and heterogenous group of autoantibodies. Even though the presence of autoantibodies in SLE has been known, for more than 60 years, still nowadays a great effort is being made to understand the pathogenetic, diagnostic, and prognostic meaning of such autoantibodies.
Antibodies to ds-DNA are useful for the diagnosis of SLE, to monitor the disease activity, and correlate with renal and central nervous involvements. Anti-Sm antibodies are highly specific for SLE. Anti-nucleosome antibodies are an excellent marker for SLE and good predictors of flares in quiescent lupus. Anti-histone antibodies characterize drug-induced lupus, while anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies are associated with neonatal lupus erythematosus and photosensitivity. Anti-ribosomal P antibodies play a role in neuropsychiatric lupus, but their association with clinical manifestations is still unclear. Anti-phospholipid antibodies are associated with the anti-phospholipid syndrome, cerebral vascular disease, and neuropsychiatric lupus. Anti-C1q antibodies amplify glomerular injury, and the elevation of their titers may predict renal flares. Anti-RNP antibodies are a marker of Sharp's syndrome but can be found in SLE as well. Anti-PCNA antibodies are present in 5–10% of SLE patients especially those with arthritis and hypocomplementemia.
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