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Gogiberidze N, Suvorov A, Sultygova E, Sagirova Z, Kuznetsova N, Gognieva D, Chomakhidze P, Frolov V, Bykova A, Mesitskaya D, Novikova A, Kondakov D, Volovchenko A, Omboni S, Kopylov P. Practical Application of a New Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Method. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2023; 30:586-598. [PMID: 38133143 PMCID: PMC10748083 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology30040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It would be useful to develop a reliable method for the cuffless measurement of blood pressure (BP), as such a method could be made available anytime and anywhere for the effective screening and monitoring of arterial hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate blood pressure measurements through a CardioQVARK device in clinical practice in different patient groups. METHODS This study involved 167 patients aged 31 to 88 years (mean 64.2 ± 7.8 years) with normal blood pressure, high blood pressure, and compensated high blood pressure. During each session, three routine blood pressure measurements with intervals of 30 s were taken using a sphygmomanometer with an appropriate cuff size, and the mean value was selected for comparison. The measurements were carried out by two observers trained at the same time with a reference sphygmomanometer using a Y-shaped connector. In the minute following the last cuff-based measurements, an electrocardiogram (ECG) with an I-lead and a photoplethysmocardiogram were recorded simultaneously for 3 min with the CardioQVARK device. We compared the systolic and diastolic BP obtained from a cuff-based mercury sphygmomanometer and smartphone-case-based BP device: the CardioQVARK monitor. A statistical analysis plan was developed using the IEEE Standard for Wearable Cuffless Blood Pressure Devices. Bland-Altman plots were used to estimate the precision of cuffless measurements. RESULTS The mean difference between the values defined by CardioQVARK and the cuff-based sphygmomanometer for systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 0.31 ± 3.61, while that for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 0.44 ± 3.76. The mean absolute difference (MAD) for SBP was 3.44 ± 2.5 mm Hg, and that for DBP was 3.21 ± 2.82 mm Hg. In the subgroups, the smallest error (less than 3 mm Hg) was observed in the prehypertension group, with a slightly larger error (up to 4 mm Hg) found among patients with a normal blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension. The largest error was found in the stage 2 hypertension group (4-5.5 mm Hg). The largest error was 4.2 mm Hg in the high blood pressure group. We, therefore, did not record an error in excess of 7 mmHg, the upper boundary considered acceptable in the IEEE recommendations. We also did not reach a mean error of 5 mmHg, the upper boundary considered acceptable according to the very recent ESH recommendations. At the same time, in all groups of patients, the systolic blood pressure was determined with an error of less than 5 mm Hg in more than 80% of patients. While this study shows that the CardioQVARK device meets the standards of IEEE, the Bland-Altman analysis indicates that the cuffless measurement of diastolic blood pressure has significant bias. The difference was very small and unlikely to be of clinical relevance for the individual patient, but it may well have epidemiological relevance on a population level. Therefore, the CardioQVARK device, while being worthwhile for monitoring patients over time, may not be suitable for screening purposes. Cuffless blood pressure measurement devices are emerging as a convenient and tolerable alternative to cuff-based devices. However, there are several limitations to cuffless blood pressure measurement devices that should be considered. For instance, this study showed a high proportion of measurements with a measurement error of <5 mmHg, while detecting a small, although statistically significant, bias in the measurement of diastolic blood pressure. This suggests that this device may not be suitable for screening purposes. However, its value for monitoring BP over time is confirmed. Furthermore, and most importantly, the easy measurement method and the device portability (integrated in a smartphone) may increase the self-awareness of hypertensive patients and, potentially, lead to an improved adherence to their treatment. CONCLUSION The cuffless blood pressure technology developed in this study was tested in accordance with the IEEE protocol and showed great precision in patient groups with different blood pressure ranges. This approach, therefore, has the potential to be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Gogiberidze
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Aleksandr Suvorov
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Elizaveta Sultygova
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Zhanna Sagirova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Natalia Kuznetsova
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Daria Gognieva
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Petr Chomakhidze
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Victor Frolov
- Medical Center for Premorbid and Emergency Conditions, P.V. Mandryka Central Military Clinical Hospital, 121002 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Aleksandra Bykova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Dinara Mesitskaya
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Alena Novikova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Danila Kondakov
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Alexey Volovchenko
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Stefano Omboni
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
- Italian Institute of Telemedicine, Via Colombera 29, 21048 Solbiate Arno, Varese, Italy
| | - Philippe Kopylov
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (A.B.); (D.M.); (A.N.); (D.K.); (A.V.); (S.O.); (P.K.)
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.); (E.S.); (N.K.)
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Nordine M, Pille M, Kraemer J, Berger C, Brandhorst P, Kaeferstein P, Kopetsch R, Wessel N, Trauzeddel RF, Treskatsch S. Intraoperative Beat-to-Beat Pulse Transit Time (PTT) Monitoring via Non-Invasive Piezoelectric/Piezocapacitive Peripheral Sensors Can Predict Changes in Invasively Acquired Blood Pressure in High-Risk Surgical Patients. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3304. [PMID: 36992016 PMCID: PMC10059272 DOI: 10.3390/s23063304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive tracking of beat-to-beat pulse transit time (PTT) via piezoelectric/piezocapacitive sensors (PES/PCS) may expand perioperative hemodynamic monitoring. This study evaluated the ability for PTT via PES/PCS to correlate with systolic, diastolic, and mean invasive blood pressure (SBPIBP, DBPIBP, and MAPIBP, respectively) and to detect SBPIBP fluctuations. METHODS PES/PCS and IBP measurements were performed in 20 patients undergoing abdominal, urological, and cardiac surgery. A Pearson's correlation analysis (r) between 1/PTT and IBP was performed. The predictive ability of 1/PTT with changes in SBPIBP was determined by area under the curve (reported as AUC, sensitivity, specificity). RESULTS Significant correlations between 1/PTT and SBPIBP were found for PES (r = 0.64) and PCS (r = 0.55) (p < 0.01), as well as MAPIBP/DBPIBP for PES (r = 0.6/0.55) and PCS (r = 0.5/0.45) (p < 0.05). A 7% decrease in 1/PTTPES predicted a 30% SBPIBP decrease (0.82, 0.76, 0.76), while a 5.6% increase predicted a 30% SBPIBP increase (0.75, 0.7, 0.68). A 6.6% decrease in 1/PTTPCS detected a 30% SBPIBP decrease (0.81, 0.72, 0.8), while a 4.8% 1/PTTPCS increase detected a 30% SBPIBP increase (0.73, 0.64, 0.68). CONCLUSIONS Non-invasive beat-to-beat PTT via PES/PCS demonstrated significant correlations with IBP and detected significant changes in SBPIBP. Thus, PES/PCS as a novel sensor technology may augment intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring during major surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nordine
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (M.N.)
| | - Marius Pille
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kraemer
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (M.N.)
| | - Philipp Brandhorst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (M.N.)
| | | | | | - Niels Wessel
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Human Medicine, MSB Medical School Berlin GmbH, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Felix Trauzeddel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (M.N.)
| | - Sascha Treskatsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (M.N.)
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Zuhair Sameen A, Jaafar R, Zahedi E, Kok Beng G. Cuff-less and continuous blood pressure measurement based on pulse transit time from carotid and toe photoplethysmograms. J Med Eng Technol 2022; 46:567-589. [PMID: 35801952 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2077998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) is a vital health parameter that varies throughout the day. As a single reading of high BP may not indicate hypertension, continuous monitoring of BP is usually recommended by medical doctors to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension. In the last few decades, researchers have investigated cuff-less and continuous BP measurements based on pulse transit time (PTT). The main purpose of this research is to develop an autoregressive (ARX) system identification (SI)-based PTT calculation model using two PPG signals acquired from carotid and toe. The signals were recorded from 65 subjects with an age range between 20 and 60 years. The results of the study have been validated in two stages. The first validation comprised the estimated BP from PTT using SI compared to the measured BP using the cuff-based method for all subjects. The results of the estimated BP using the proposed method compared to the measured BP obtained using the standard BP cuff measurement method are highly correlated to both systolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.8132) and diastolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.8357). The second validation consisted of comparing PTT values using system identification to the results of the PTT derived from the ECG-PPG method. The results showed that both methods are highly correlated (R2 = 0.7808), and there is no significant difference between them (p < 0.05) with a slightly better PTT estimation related to DBP in the proposed method. Our results have proven that the PTT obtained from the carotid PPG and toe PPG using the system identification approach yielded SBP and DBP estimations that are consistent with the values of the conventional BP cuff method. The newly proposed method has the advantage of being cuff-less and able to provide continuous BP measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aws Zuhair Sameen
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering Techniques, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rosmina Jaafar
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia
| | | | - Gan Kok Beng
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia
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Sagirova Z, Kuznetsova N, Gogiberidze N, Gognieva D, Suvorov A, Chomakhidze P, Omboni S, Saner H, Kopylov P. Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Using a Smartphone-Case Based ECG Monitor with Photoplethysmography in Hypertensive Patients. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103525. [PMID: 34069396 PMCID: PMC8158773 DOI: 10.3390/s21103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The availability of simple, accurate, and affordable cuffless blood pressure (BP) devices has the potential to greatly increase the compliance with measurement recommendations and the utilization of BP measurements for BP telemonitoring. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between findings from routine BP measurements using a conventional sphygmomanometer with the results from a portable ECG monitor combined with photoplethysmography (PPG) for pulse wave registration in patients with arterial hypertension. METHODS The study included 500 patients aged 32-88 years (mean 64 ± 7.9 years). Mean values from three routine BP measurements by a sphygmomanometer with cuff were selected for comparison; within one minute after the last measurement, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for 3 min in the standard lead I using a smartphone-case based single-channel ECG monitor (CardioQVARK®-limited responsibility company "L-CARD", Moscow, Russia) simultaneously with a PPG pulse wave recording. Using a combination of the heart signal with the PPG, levels of systolic and diastolic BP were determined based on machine learning using a previously developed and validated algorithm and were compared with sphygmomanometer results. RESULTS According to the Bland-Altman analysis, SD for systolic BP was 3.63, and bias was 0.32 for systolic BP. SD was 2.95 and bias was 0.61 for diastolic BP. The correlation between the results from the sphygmomanometer and the cuffless method was 0.89 (p = 0.001) for systolic and 0.87 (p = 0.002) for diastolic BP. CONCLUSION Blood pressure measurements on a smartphone-case without a cuff are encouraging. However, further research is needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of clinical use in the majority of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Sagirova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky, Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (N.G.); (S.O.)
| | - Natalia Kuznetsova
- Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Nana Gogiberidze
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky, Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (N.G.); (S.O.)
| | - Daria Gognieva
- Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Aleksandr Suvorov
- Centre for Analysis of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Petr Chomakhidze
- Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Stefano Omboni
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky, Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (N.G.); (S.O.)
- Italian Institute of Telemedicine, 21048 Solbiate Arno, Italy
| | - Hugo Saner
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky, Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Z.S.); (N.G.); (S.O.)
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-79-209-11-82
| | - Philippe Kopylov
- Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (D.G.); (P.C.); (P.K.)
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Lee LX, Li SC. Hunting down the dominating subclone of cancer stem cells as a potential new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma: An artificial intelligence perspective. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:706-720. [PMID: 32952853 PMCID: PMC7477658 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of single-cell subclones, which can rapidly switch from dormant to dominant subclones, occur in the natural pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM) but is often "pressed" by the standard treatment of MM. These emerging subclones present a challenge, providing reservoirs for chemoresistant mutations. Technological advancement is required to track MM subclonal changes, as understanding MM's mechanism of evolution at the cellular level can prompt the development of new targeted ways of treating this disease. Current methods to study the evolution of subclones in MM rely on technologies capable of phenotypically and genotypically characterizing plasma cells, which include immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, or cytogenetics. Still, all of these technologies may be limited by the sensitivity for picking up rare events. In contrast, more incisive methods such as RNA sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization, or whole-genome sequencing are not yet commonly used in clinical practice. Here we introduce the epidemiological diagnosis and prognosis of MM and review current methods for evaluating MM subclone evolution, such as minimal residual disease/multiparametric flow cytometry/next-generation sequencing, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we propose our new single-cell method of evaluation to understand MM's mechanism of evolution at the molecular and cellular level and to prompt the development of new targeted ways of treating this disease, which has a broad prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa X Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCI Health, Orange, CA 92868, United States
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, CHOC Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA 92868, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, United States
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Park YS, Kim SH, Lee YS, Choi SH, Ku SW, Hwang GS. Real-Time Monitoring of Blood Pressure Using Digitalized Pulse Arrival Time Calculation Technology for Prompt Detection of Sudden Hypertensive Episodes During Laryngeal Microsurgery: Retrospective Observational Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e13156. [PMID: 32412413 PMCID: PMC7260662 DOI: 10.2196/13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal microsurgery (LMS) is often accompanied by a sudden increase in blood pressure (BP) during surgery because of stimulation around the larynx. This sudden change in the hemodynamic status is not immediately reflected in a casual cuff-type measurement that takes intermittent readings every 3 to 5 min. Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential of pulse arrival time (PAT) as a marker for a BP surge, which usually occurs in patients undergoing LMS. Methods Intermittent measurements of BP and electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals were recorded during LMS. PAT was defined as the interval between the R-peak on the ECG and the maximum slope on the PPG. Mean PAT values before and after BP increase were compared. PPG-related parameters and the correlations between changes in these variables were calculated. Results BP surged because of laryngoscopic manipulation (mean systolic BP [SBP] from 115.3, SD 21.4 mmHg, to 159.9, SD 25.2 mmHg; P<.001), whereas PAT decreased significantly (from mean 460.6, SD 51.9 ms, to 405.8, SD 50.1 ms; P<.001) in most of the cases. The change in SBP showed a significant correlation with the inverse of the PAT (r=0.582; P<.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that an increase of 11.5% in the inverse of the PAT could detect a 40% increase in SBP, and the area under the curve was 0.814. Conclusions During LMS, where invasive arterial catheterization is not always possible, PAT shows good correlation with SBP and may, therefore, have the potential to identify abrupt BP surges during laryngoscopic manipulations in a noninvasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seok Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Se Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Ku
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Sam Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abdul-Rahman A, Morgan W, Yu DY. Measurement of normal retinal vascular pulse wave attenuation using modified photoplethysmography. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232523. [PMID: 32379837 PMCID: PMC7205214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulse wave attenuation characteristics reflect compliance and resistance properties of the vessel wall as well as initial pulse generation factors. Recently, it has become possible to measure and map the retinal vessel wall pulse wave amplitudes. Predictable pulse wave amplitude distribution may allow inferences to be made concerning vascular compliance and resistance. Twenty-eight eyes from sixteen subjects (8 male and 8 female) were examined using modified retinal photoplethysmography with simultaneous ophthalmodynamometry. This allowed the assessment of vessel wall pulsation amplitudes under a dynamic range of intraocular pressures. Pulse amplitudes were calculated using harmonic regression analysis. The pulse wave attenuation was measured under different ranges of ophthalmodynamometric force (ODF) as a function of distance along the vessel (VDist), which in turn was calculated in disc diameters (DD) from the center of the optic disc. A linear mixed-effects model with randomized slopes and intercepts was used to estimate the correlations between the logarithmically transformed harmonic regression wave amplitude (HRWa) and the Fourier trigonometric coefficients with the predictors (VDist and ODF). The retinal venous harmonic regression wave attenuation (coefficient value±standard error) -0.40±0.065/DD, (p-value < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.53 to -0.27), which was approximately twice that of the arterial -0.17±0.048/DD, (p-value < 0.0004, 95% CI = -0.27 to -0.08). There was a positive correlation between attenuation of the harmonic regression wave and ophthalmodynamometric force in both vascular systems. The attenuation of all but the sine coefficient of the second Fourier harmonic (bn2) achieved statistical significance in the correlation with VDist. The cosine coefficient of the first Fourier harmonic an1 was the only coefficient to achieve statistical significance in the correlation with the predictors VDist and ODF in both vascular systems. The an1 coefficient value in the correlation with VDist was -3.79±0.78 and -1.269±0.37 (p < 0.0006), while this coefficient value in the correlation with ODF was 0.026±0.0099 and 0.009±0.04 (p < 0.01) in both the retinal veins and arteries respectively. The predictable attenuation characteristics in normal subjects suggest that this technique may allow the non-invasive quantification of retinal vascular compliance and other hemodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Counties Manukau DHB, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - William Morgan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, University of WA, Perth, Australia
| | - Dao-Yi Yu
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, University of WA, Perth, Australia
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8
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Vaschillo B, Vaschillo EG. Can arterial elasticity be estimated from heart rate variability response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing? Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13552. [PMID: 32100310 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Arterial elasticity is an important indicator of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is influenced by both gradual vessel wall damage due to aging and disease and vascular tone that responds, at the moment, to system loading. Measuring changes in arterial elasticity are critical to early detection of CVD but can be time and resource intensive. This study proposes and tests a new method to approximate arterial elasticity from heart rate variability (HRV). ECG and pulse were simultaneously recording in 71 young healthy adults during three rhythmical sighing tasks paced at 0.02, 0.033, and 0.066 Hz. We evaluated arterial elasticity by measuring the reaction of pulse transit time (PTT) and RRI to each task specifically at the pacing frequency. The goal of the study was to describe our method, ground the methodology in current theory and mechanisms, and scientifically justify and validate this method by assessing differences in arterial elasticity in groups of healthy adults who differed in drinking behaviors. The amplitude PTT and HR oscillation responses at the pacing frequency were significantly correlated only when sighing was paced at 0.066 Hz. Both amplitudes also significantly correlated with power in the very low-frequency range of the baseline HRV spectrum. Abnormalities in these measures were observed among binge drinking healthy adults compared to non-drinkers and social drinkers. These preliminary results support using the HRV response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing as a correlate of arterial elasticity and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronya Vaschillo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Evgeny G Vaschillo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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9
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Zhang J, Su Q, Loudon WG, Lee KL, Luo J, Dethlefs BA, Li SC. Breathing Signature as Vitality Score Index Created by Exercises of Qigong: Implications of Artificial Intelligence Tools Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4:71. [PMID: 31853512 PMCID: PMC6919646 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising concerns about the short- and long-term detrimental consequences of administration of conventional pharmacopeia are fueling the search for alternative, complementary, personalized, and comprehensive approaches to human healthcare. Qigong, a form of Traditional Chinese Medicine, represents a viable alternative approach. Here, we started with the practical, philosophical, and psychological background of Ki (in Japanese) or Qi (in Chinese) and their relationship to Qigong theory and clinical application. Noting the drawbacks of the current state of Qigong clinic, herein we propose that to manage the unique aspects of the Eastern 'non-linearity' and 'holistic' approach, it needs to be integrated with the Western "linearity" "one-direction" approach. This is done through developing the concepts of "Qigong breathing signatures," which can define our life breathing patterns associated with diseases using machine learning technology. We predict that this can be achieved by establishing an artificial intelligence (AI)-Medicine training camp of databases, which will integrate Qigong-like breathing patterns with different pathologies unique to individuals. Such an integrated connection will allow the AI-Medicine algorithm to identify breathing patterns and guide medical intervention. This unique view of potentially connecting Eastern Medicine and Western Technology can further add a novel insight to our current understanding of both Western and Eastern medicine, thereby establishing a vitality score index (VSI) that can predict the outcomes of lifestyle behaviors and medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Physical Training and Physical Therapy, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qingning Su
- Center of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - William G. Loudon
- Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Gamma Knife Center of Southern California, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92612, USA
| | - Katherine L. Lee
- School of Social Ecology, University of California-Irvine, 5300 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-7050, USA
| | - Jane Luo
- AB Sciex, Inc., Danaher Corporation, 250 South Kraemer Boulevard, Brea, CA 92821-6232, USA
| | - Brent A. Dethlefs
- CHOC Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), 1201 W. La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868-3874, USA
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory (NSCL), CHOC Children’s Research Institute (CCRI), Children’s Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), 1201 W. La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868-3874, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, 200 S Manchester Ave Ste 206, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-714-509-4964; Fax: +1-714-509-4318
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Menghini L, Gianfranchi E, Cellini N, Patron E, Tagliabue M, Sarlo M. Stressing the accuracy: Wrist-worn wearable sensor validation over different conditions. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13441. [PMID: 31332802 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors are promising instruments for conducting both laboratory and ambulatory research in psychophysiology. However, scholars should be aware of their measurement error and the conditions in which accuracy is achieved. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a wearable sensor designed for research purposes, the E4 wristband (Empatica, Milan, Italy), in measuring heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and skin conductance (SC) over five laboratory conditions widely used in stress reactivity research (seated rest, paced breathing, orthostatic, Stroop, speech task) and two ecological conditions (slow walking, keyboard typing). Forty healthy participants concurrently wore the wristband and two gold standard measurement systems (i.e., electrocardiography and finger SC sensor). The wristband accuracy was determined by evaluating the signal quality and the correlations with and the Bland-Altman plots against gold standard-derived measurements. Moreover, exploratory analyses were performed to assess predictors of measurement error. Mean HR measures showed the best accuracy over all conditions. HRV measures showed satisfactory accuracy in seated rest, paced breathing, and recovery conditions but not in dynamic conditions, including speaking. Accuracy was diminished by wrist movements, cognitive and emotional stress, nonstationarity, and larger wrist circumferences. Wrist SC measures showed neither correlation nor visual resemblance with finger SC signal, suggesting that the two sites may reflect different phenomena. Future studies are needed to assess the responsivity of wrist SC to emotional and cognitive stress. Limitations and implications for laboratory and ambulatory research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Menghini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Cellini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Patron
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michela Sarlo
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Validity of transit time–based blood pressure measurements in patients with and without heart failure or pulmonary arterial hypertension across different breathing maneuvers. Sleep Breath 2019; 24:221-230. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Comparison of short-term heart rate variability indexes evaluated through electrocardiographic and continuous blood pressure monitoring. Med Biol Eng Comput 2019; 57:1247-1263. [PMID: 30730027 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-01957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis represents an important tool for the characterization of complex cardiovascular control. HRV indexes are usually calculated from electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings after measuring the time duration between consecutive R peaks, and this is considered the gold standard. An alternative method consists of assessing the pulse rate variability (PRV) from signals acquired through photoplethysmography, a technique also employed for the continuous noninvasive monitoring of blood pressure. In this work, we carry out a thorough analysis and comparison of short-term variability indexes computed from HRV time series obtained from the ECG and from PRV time series obtained from continuous blood pressure (CBP) signals, in order to evaluate the reliability of using CBP-based recordings in place of standard ECG tracks. The analysis has been carried out on short time series (300 beats) of HRV and PRV in 76 subjects studied in different conditions: resting in the supine position, postural stress during 45° head-up tilt, and mental stress during computation of arithmetic test. Nine different indexes have been taken into account, computed in the time domain (mean, variance, root mean square of the successive differences), frequency domain (low-to-high frequency power ratio LF/HF, HF spectral power, and central frequency), and information domain (entropy, conditional entropy, self entropy). Thorough validation has been performed using comparison of the HRV and PRV distributions, robust linear regression, and Bland-Altman plots. Results demonstrate the feasibility of extracting HRV indexes from CBP-based data, showing an overall relatively good agreement of time-, frequency-, and information-domain measures. The agreement decreased during postural and mental arithmetic stress, especially with regard to band-power ratio, conditional, and self-entropy. This finding suggests to use caution in adopting PRV as a surrogate of HRV during stress conditions.
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13
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Ding X, Zhang YT. Pulse transit time technique for cuffless unobtrusive blood pressure measurement: from theory to algorithm. Biomed Eng Lett 2019; 9:37-52. [PMID: 30956879 PMCID: PMC6431352 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-019-00096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cuffless technique holds great promise to measure blood pressure (BP) in an unobtrusive way, improving diagnostics and monitoring of hypertension and its related cardiovascular diseases, and maximizing the independence and participation of individual. Pulse transit time (PTT) has been the most commonly employed techniques for cuffless BP estimation. Many studies have been conducted to explore its feasibility and validate its performance in the clinical settings. However, there is still issues and challenges ahead before its wide application. This review will investigate the understanding and development of the PTT technique in depth, with a focus on the physiological regulation of arterial BP, the relationship between PTT and BP, and the summaries of the PTT-based models for BP estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Ding
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuan-Ting Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Fischer C, Penzel T. Continuous non-invasive determination of nocturnal blood pressure variation using photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals: comparison of pulse propagation time, pulse transit time and RR-interval. Physiol Meas 2019; 40:014001. [PMID: 30523856 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aaf298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death, whereas nocturnal ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is the most potent predictor for cardiovascular risk. The volume clamp and pulse transit time (PTT) are common methods for continuous non-invasive BP measurement, but have drawbacks during unsupervised ambulatory use and undisturbed sleep. The pulse propagation time (PPT), defined as the time between pulse wave systolic peak and diastolic peak, provides valid information about the pressure pulse waveform. However, the use of PPT for nocturnal BP variation determination and whether such variation is affected by BP or heart rate (i.e. RR-interval or RRI) has not been investigated. APPROACH To assess whether the PPT method is suitable for ubiquitous nocturnal BP monitoring, we compared systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimates derived from PPT, PTT, and RRI signals with parallel recorded BP measurements. The RRI-derived SBP signals were used as a baseline for testing a potential heart rate dependency. This work provides an overview of BP measurements, presents the developed real-time signal analysis, and describes the performance assessment. The signal analysis was validated with data records from 42 subjects acquired from an ergometry and sleep laboratory in equal parts. MAIN RESULTS The algorithms applied to the ergometry laboratory database achieved a correlation coefficient between reference SBP and estimated SBPPPT of 0.89 (p < 0.001) with bias 0.1 mmHg and limits of agreement (LoA) -29.8 to 30.0 mmHg, SBPPTT of 0.97 (p < 0.001) with bias 0.0 mmHg and LoA -15.2 to 15.3 mmHg, and SBPRRI of 0.96 (p < 0.001) with bias 0.0 mmHg and LoA -19.5 to 19.5 mmHg. For the sleep laboratory database, the correlation coefficient was 0.95 (p < 0.001) with bias 0.2 mmHg and LoA -18.3 to 18.8 mmHg for SBPPPT, 0.88 (p < 0.001) with bias 0.0 mmHg and LoA -25.0 to 24.9 mmHg for SBPPTT, and 0.88 (p < 0.001) with bias of 0.1 mmHg and LoA -23.6 to 23.7 mmHg for SBPRRI. A heart rate dependency of PPT or PTT could not be found. The analysis of variance shows no significant differences between the reference SBP values and the estimated values for either the ergometry (F(3, 627) = 2.27, p = 0.08) or the sleep laboratory (F(3, 327) = 2.28, p = 0.08). SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, the PPT method seems to be an interesting alternative for continuous determination of SBP during simplified cardiovascular monitoring and sleep screening compared to more expensive devices based on volume clamp or PTT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Fischer
- Roche Diabetes Care GmbH, Mannheim, Germany. Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches Zentrum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Strangman GE, Ivkovic V, Zhang Q. Wearable brain imaging with multimodal physiological monitoring. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:564-572. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00297.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is a central component of cognitive and physical human performance. Measures, including functional brain activation, cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, evoked electrical responses, and resting hemodynamic and electrical activity are all related to, or can predict, health status or performance decrements. However, measuring brain physiology typically requires large, stationary machines that are not suitable for mobile or self-monitoring. Moreover, when individuals are ambulatory, systemic physiological fluctuations—e.g., in heart rate, blood pressure, skin perfusion, and more—can interfere with noninvasive brain measurements. In efforts to address the physiological monitoring and performance assessment needs for astronauts during spaceflight, we have developed easy-to-use, wearable prototypes, such as NINscan, for near-infrared scanning, which can collect synchronized multimodal physiology data, including hemodynamic deep-tissue imaging (including brain and muscles), electroencephalography, electrocardiography, electromyography, electrooculography, accelerometry, gyroscopy, pressure, respiration, and temperature measurements. Given their self-contained and portable nature, these devices can be deployed in a much broader range of settings—including austere environments—thereby, enabling a wider range of novel medical and research physiology applications. We review these, including high-altitude assessments, self-deployable multimodal e.g., (polysomnographic) recordings in remote or low-resource environments, fluid shifts in variable-gravity, or spaceflight analog environments, intracranial brain motion during high-impact sports, and long-duration monitoring for clinical symptom-capture in various clinical conditions. In addition to further enhancing sensitivity and miniaturization, advanced computational algorithms could help support real-time feedback and alerts regarding performance and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary E. Strangman
- Neural Systems Group, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Translational Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Vladimir Ivkovic
- Neural Systems Group, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Quan Zhang
- Neural Systems Group, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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16
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Smith LA, Dawes PJ, Galland BC. The use of pulse transit time in pediatric sleep studies: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2018; 37:4-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Ji L, Liu C, Li P, Wang X, Liu C, Hou Y. Increased pulse wave transit time after percutaneous coronary intervention procedure in CAD patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:115. [PMID: 29311630 PMCID: PMC5758522 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulse wave transit time (PWTT) has been widely used as an index in assessing arterial stiffness. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is usually applied to the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Research on the changes in PWTT caused by PCI is helpful for understanding the impact of the PCI procedure. In addition, effects of stent sites and access sites on the changes in PWTT have not been explored. Consequently, this study aimed to provide this information. The results showed that PWTT significantly increased after PCI (p < 0.01) while the standard deviation (SD) of PWTT time series had no statistically significant changes (p = 0.60) between before and after PCI. Significantly increased PWTT was found in the radial access group (p < 0.01), while there were no significant changes in the femoral access group (p > 0.4). Additionally, PWTT in the left anterior descending (LAD) group significantly increased after PCI (p < 0.01), but the increase that was found in the right coronary artery (RCA) group was not significant (p > 0.1). Our study indicates that arterial elasticity and left ventricular functions can benefit from a successful PCI procedure, and the increase of peripheral PWTT after PCI can help to better understand the effectiveness of the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Ji
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.,Institute of Environment and Ecology, College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Changchun Liu
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
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18
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Eddie D, Bates ME, Vaschillo EG, Lehrer PM, Retkwa M, Miuccio M. Rest, Reactivity, and Recovery: A Psychophysiological Assessment of Borderline Personality Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:505. [PMID: 30386267 PMCID: PMC6199964 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulty regulating emotion is a cardinal feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), yet little is known about the automatic psychophysiological processes involved in this phenotype. Inconsistent findings have emerged from studies that employed limited assessments (e.g., heart rate variability, skin conductance) of autonomic nervous system response to emotional contexts, and compared groups based on the presence or absence of BPD as a categorical diagnosis. This exploratory study assessed a comprehensive set of autonomic nervous system processes in 44 individuals (22 with BPD) at rest, in response to emotionally evocative stimuli, and during a subsequent recovery period. BPD was characterized with a dimensional measure of BPD symptom severity, as a well by categorical diagnosis. At baseline and across experimental tasks, higher heart rate was observed in those diagnosed with BPD compared to controls, and in those expressing greater BPD symptom severity. These effects, however, were fully mediated by differences in physical exercise. In contrast, during recovery from emotional activation, greater symptom severity predicted consistently higher levels of multiple sympathetic and parasympathetic processes compared to lower symptom severity. Overall, these findings suggest that the heart rate elevations sometimes observed in those diagnosed with BPD may be associated with individual and group differences in levels of physical exercise. Results further indicate that adaptive psychophysiological recovery responses following emotional challenge may be disrupted in proportion to BPD symptom severity, independently of exercise. Results highlight the utility of considering lifestyle factors and symptom severity in studies of emotional activation and regulation processes in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eddie
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marsha E Bates
- Rutgers University - New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | | | - Paul M Lehrer
- Rutgers University - New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Michelle Retkwa
- Rutgers University - New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Michael Miuccio
- Rutgers University - New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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19
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Vaschillo EG, Vaschillo B, Buckman JF, Heiss S, Singh G, Bates ME. Early signs of cardiovascular dysregulation in young adult binge drinkers. Psychophysiology 2017; 55:e13036. [PMID: 29193139 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking is widespread on American college campuses, but its effects on the cardiovascular system are poorly understood. This study sought evidence of preclinical cardiovascular changes in binge drinking young adults (n = 24) compared to nondrinking (n = 24) and social drinking (n = 23) peers during baseline, paced sighing (0.033 Hz), and paced breathing (0.1 Hz) tasks. Binge drinkers showed consistent but often statistically nonsignificant evidence of greater sympathetic activation and reduced baroreflex sensitivity. Interestingly, the structure of group-averaged baseline heart rate spectra was considerably different between groups in the low frequency range (0.05-0.15 Hz). In particular, the binge drinking group-averaged spectra showed several spectral peaks not evident in the other groups, possibly indicating two functionally distinct subranges (0.05-0.08 and 0.08-0.15 Hz) that reflect vascular tone baroreflex activity and heart rate baroreflex activity, respectively. Vascular tone baroreflex gain and power in two peaks in the 0.05-0.08 Hz range were associated with years of drinking in the binge drinking group. Vascular dysfunction may be an early indicator of drinking-related change in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny G Vaschillo
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Bronya Vaschillo
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jennifer F Buckman
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sydney Heiss
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marsha E Bates
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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21
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Radha M, Zhang G, Gelissen J, Groot KD, Haakma R, Aarts RM. Arterial path selection to measure pulse wave velocity as a surrogate marker of blood pressure. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa5b40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Shin H, Min SD. Feasibility study for the non-invasive blood pressure estimation based on ppg morphology: normotensive subject study. Biomed Eng Online 2017; 16:10. [PMID: 28086939 PMCID: PMC5234121 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood pressure is a critical bio-signal and its importance has been increased with the aged society and the growth of cardiovascular disease population. However, most of hypertensive patients have been suffered the inconvenience in monitoring blood pressure in daily life because the measurement of the blood pressure depends on the cuff-based technique. Nowadays there are many trials to measure blood pressure without cuff, especially, photoplethysmography (PPG) based research is carried out in various ways. Methods Our research is designed to hypothesis the relationship between vessel wall movement and pressure-flow relationship of PPG and to validate its appropriateness by experimental methods. PPG waveform is simplified by approximate model, and then it is analyzed as the velocity and the acceleration of blood flow using the derivatives of PPG. Finally, we develop pressure index (PI) as an estimation factor of blood pressure by combining of statistically significant segments of photoplethysmographic waveform. Results Twenty-five subjects were participated in the experiment. As a result of simulation, correlation coefficients between developed PI and blood pressure were represented with R = 0.818, R = 0.827 and R = 0.615 in systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure, respectively, and both of result showed the meaningful statistically significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions Current study can estimate only the relative variation of blood pressure but could not find the absolute pressure value. Moreover, proposed index has the limitation of diastolic pressure tracing. However, the result shows that the proposed PI is statistically significantly correlated with blood pressures, and it suggests that the proposed PI as a promising additional parameter for the cuff less blood pressure monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangsik Shin
- Healthcare Solution Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 502, 3rd Eng. Bldg., 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu, South Korea
| | - Se Dong Min
- Department of Medical IT Engineering, College of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Eumnae-ri, Sinchang-myeon, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang G, McCombie SA, Greenstein R, McCombie DB. Assessing the challenges of a pulse wave velocity based blood pressure measurement in surgical patients. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2014:574-7. [PMID: 25570024 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6943656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Development of a continuous noninvasive blood pressure (cNIBP) monitor that is unobtrusive to patients is an attractive alternative to the cuff based measurements performed on medical-surgical floors in the hospital. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) provides a means to continuously monitor blood pressure in these patients. However, a PWV based cNIBP monitor faces a number of challenges in order to accurately measure blood pressure. In our study, we investigated some of the challenges faced by a body-worn cNIBP monitor (i.e. ViSi Mobile) on data collected on patients undergoing surgery. Results indicated that 1) pulse arrival time (PAT) values from ViSi Mobile were well correlated with PAT values obtained from an invasive reference; 2) the reciprocal of the PAT measurements were linearly correlated with blood pressure but the calibration curve was altered by administration of certain vasoactive substances; and 3) there are deterministic correlations between systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and the corresponding mean arterial pressure over a wide range of blood pressure values.
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van Velzen MHN, Loeve AJ, Kortekaas MC, Niehof SP, Mik EG, Stolker RJ. Effect of heat-induced pain stimuli on pulse transit time and pulse wave amplitude in healthy volunteers. Physiol Meas 2015; 37:52-66. [PMID: 26641656 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/1/52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pain is commonly assessed subjectively by interpretations of patient behaviour and/or reports from patients. When this is impossible the availability of a quantitative objective pain assessment tool based on objective physiological parameters would greatly benefit clinical practice and research beside the standard self-report tests. Vasoconstriction is one of the physiological responses to pain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pulse transit time (PTT) and pulse wave amplitude (PWA) decrease in response to this vasoconstriction when caused by heat-induced pain. The PTT and PWA were measured in healthy volunteers, on both index fingers using photoplethysmography and electrocardiography. Each subject received 3 heat-induced pain stimuli using a Temperature-Sensory Analyzer thermode block to apply a controlled, increasing temperature from 32.0 °C to 50.0 °C to the skin. After reaching 50.0 °C, the thermode was immediately cooled down to 32.0 °C. The study population was divided into 2 groups with a time-interval between the stimuli 20s or 60s. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease of both PTT and PWA on the stimulated and contralateral side. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the stimulated and contralateral side. The time-interval of 20s was too short to allow PTT and PWA to return to baseline values and should exceed 40s in future studies. Heat-induced pain causes a decrease of PTT and PWA. Consequently, it is expected that, in the future, PTT and PWA may be applied as objective indicators of pain, either beside the standard self-report test, or when self-report testing is impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit H N van Velzen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Anesthesiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Pilt K, Meigas K, Temitski K, Viigimaa M. The effect of local cold and warm exposure on index finger photoplethysmographic signal waveform. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2013:2300-3. [PMID: 24110184 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The study was carried out in order to analyse the changes in photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal waveform, which are caused by cold and warm stimulation. The study was carried out on 7 subjects. The right hand was immersed in cold and warm water up to the wrist during the experiment. The PPG signal was registered from right hand index finger. As a reference, the temperatures of index finger and pulse transit time (PTT) values were measured. A correlation of r = -0.70 was found between normalised slope of the PPG signal and the subject's age. The normalised slope increased noticeably due to the cold and decreased due to the warm water stimulation. It was opposite to the expected results with PTTs and the behaviour has to be investigated in future studies.
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Pollonini L, Padhye NS, Re R, Torricelli A, Simpson RJ, Dacso CC. Pulse transit time measured by photoplethysmography improves the accuracy of heart rate as a surrogate measure of cardiac output, stroke volume and oxygen uptake in response to graded exercise. Physiol Meas 2015; 36:911-24. [PMID: 25856085 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) is a valuable and widespread measure for physical training programs, although its description of conditioning is limited to the cardiac response to exercise. More comprehensive measures of exercise adaptation include cardiac output (Q̇), stroke volume (SV) and oxygen uptake (V̇O2), but these physiological parameters can be measured only with cumbersome equipment installed in clinical settings. In this work, we explore the ability of pulse transit time (PTT) to represent a valuable pairing with HR for indirectly estimating Q̇, SV and V̇O2 non-invasively. PTT was measured as the time interval between the peak of the electrocardiographic (ECG) R-wave and the onset of the photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform at the periphery (i.e. fingertip) with a portable sensor. Fifteen healthy young subjects underwent a graded incremental cycling protocol after which HR and PTT were correlated with Q̇, SV and V̇O2 using linear mixed models. The addition of PTT significantly improved the modeling of Q̇, SV and V̇O2 at the individual level ([Formula: see text] for SV, 0.548 for Q̇, and 0.771 for V̇O2) compared to predictive models based solely on HR ([Formula: see text] for SV, 0.503 for Q̇, and 0.745 for V̇O2). While challenges in sensitivity and artifact rejection exist, combining PTT with HR holds potential for development of novel wearable sensors that provide exercise assessment largely superior to HR monitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pollonini
- Abramson Center for the Future of Health and Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, 4300 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77004, USA
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Vaschillo EG, Vaschillo B, Buckman JF, Nguyen-Louie T, Heiss S, Pandina RJ, Bates ME. The effects of sighing on the cardiovascular system. Biol Psychol 2015; 106:86-95. [PMID: 25720947 PMCID: PMC4386588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Elicitation of high-amplitude oscillations in the cardiovascular system may serve to dampen psychophysiological reactivity to emotional and cognitive loading. Prior work has used paced breathing to impose clinically valuable high-amplitude ∼ 0.1 Hz oscillations. In this study, we investigated whether rhythmical sighing could likewise produce high-amplitude cardiovascular oscillations in the very low frequency range (0.003-0.05 Hz). ECG, respiration, skin conductance, and beat-to-beat blood pressure were collected in 24 healthy participants during baseline, 0.1 Hz paced breathing, and 0.02 Hz paced sighing (1 sigh every 50s, with normal breathing interspersed). Results showed that each sigh elicited a strong, well-defined reaction in the cardiovascular system. This reaction did not habituate when participants repeatedly sighed for 8.5 min. The result was a high-amplitude 0.02 Hz oscillation in multiple cardiovascular parameters. Thus, paced sighing is a reliable method for imposing very low frequency oscillations in the cardiovascular system, which has research and clinical implications that warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny G Vaschillo
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Bronya Vaschillo
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jennifer F Buckman
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Tam Nguyen-Louie
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Sydney Heiss
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Robert J Pandina
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Marsha E Bates
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Lin IM, Fan SY, Lu YH, Lee CS, Wu KT, Ji HJ. Exploring the blood volume amplitude and pulse transit time during anger recall in patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiol 2014; 65:50-6. [PMID: 24842231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE One psychopathological mechanism that links anger to coronary artery disease (CAD) is cardiac autonomic imbalance. Blood volume amplitude (BVA) and pulse transit time (PTT) are related to peripheral arterial elasticity and cardiac conduction, which are used as indirect markers for autonomic activation. The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships between BVA and PTT, and the reactivity of BVA and PTT during the anger recall task in patients with CAD. METHODS AND SUBJECTS A total of 112 patients with CAD and 93 healthy controls were recruited; BVA and PTT were collected during baseline, the neutral episode, the anger episode, and after recovery. RESULTS There were significant positive correlations between BVA and PTT in all participants. BVA reactivity during the anger episode was greater in patients with CAD than in healthy controls, and there were also lower BVA recovery values after the neutral and anger episodes. However, there was no significant difference in BVA reactivity between the two groups in the neutral episode. PTT recovered to baseline levels after the neutral and anger episodes in healthy controls, but not in the patients with CAD. CONCLUSION BVA and PTT were associated with peripheral vascular elasticity and cardiac conduction that were regulated by the cardiac autonomic system. Peripheral vasoconstriction and changes in travel time between left ventricular and peripheral vasculature during the anger episode, and impaired recovery to baseline levels may relate to the psychopathological mechanisms of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mei Lin
- Department of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Yu Fan
- Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ye-Hsu Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Siong Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ta Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jing Ji
- Department of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Suganthi L, Manivannan M, Kunwar BK, Joseph G, Danda D. Morphological analysis of peripheral arterial signals in Takayasu’s arteritis. J Clin Monit Comput 2014; 29:87-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s10877-014-9572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gómez García MT, Troncoso Acevedo MF, Rodriguez Guzmán M, Alegre de Montaner R, Fernández Fernández B, del Río Camacho G, González-Mangado N. Can pulse transit time be useful for detecting hypertension in patients in a sleep unit? Arch Bronconeumol 2014; 50:278-84. [PMID: 24468130 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulse transit time (PTT) is the time that a pulse wave takes to travel between two different arterial points, and may be useful in estimating blood pressure. This noninvasive technique, which does not add any cost to the procedure, offers the advantage of avoiding 'arousals' during sleep measurement as occurs with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We aim to confirm the usefulness of PTT for the detection of hypertension, and to study the correlation between both measurements. METHODS Prospective observational study in a multidisciplinary sleep unit. We recruited 30consecutive patients attending a sleep clinic and ran a baseline polysomnography followed by an ABPM the following day. Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) by PTT were calculated and compared with ABMP results. In accordance with international guidelines, patients with mean nocturnal ABMP ≥ 120/70 mmHg were diagnosed as having arterial hypertension. RESULTS Mean age of 60years; 66% male, 80% suffered from sleep apnoea (OSAS). Taking the ABPM as the reference technique, we found that the diagnostic sensitivity of PTT is 85% with a specificity of 88% in the case of SBP, with a positive predictive value of 85% and negative predictive value of 88%. By studying the relationship between mean SBP measured by ABPM and PTT, we found a linear correlation coefficient (R) of 0.88, showing a distribution of all subjects with a difference of between ±15mmHg between tests. There is also a positive correlation between mean DBP measured for the two tests, with a weaker linear correlation. CONCLUSIONS Pulse transit time shows a strong correlation with blood pressure (measured by ABPM). PTT provides continuous, non-invasive, cuffless blood pressure monitoring free of additional cost and could be an alternative for screening hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Gómez García
- Servicio de Neumología, Respiratory Research Group-CIBERES, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España.
| | | | - Marcel Rodriguez Guzmán
- Servicio de Neumología, Respiratory Research Group-CIBERES, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España
| | | | | | | | - Nicolás González-Mangado
- Servicio de Neumología, Respiratory Research Group-CIBERES, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España
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Roebuck A, Monasterio V, Gederi E, Osipov M, Behar J, Malhotra A, Penzel T, Clifford GD. A review of signals used in sleep analysis. Physiol Meas 2014; 35:R1-57. [PMID: 24346125 PMCID: PMC4024062 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/35/1/r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a review of signals used for measuring physiology and activity during sleep and techniques for extracting information from these signals. We examine both clinical needs and biomedical signal processing approaches across a range of sensor types. Issues with recording and analysing the signals are discussed, together with their applicability to various clinical disorders. Both univariate and data fusion (exploiting the diverse characteristics of the primary recorded signals) approaches are discussed, together with a comparison of automated methods for analysing sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roebuck
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Validation of blood pressure monitoring using pulse transit time in heart failure patients with Cheyne–Stokes respiration undergoing adaptive servoventilation therapy. Sleep Breath 2013; 18:411-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-013-0895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Orini M, Citi L, Barbieri R. Bivariate point process modeling and joint non-stationary analysis of pulse transit time and heart period. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2012:2831-4. [PMID: 23366514 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pulse transit time (PTT) is strictly related to pulse wave velocity and may be used for non-invasive monitoring of arterial stiffness and pressure, whose assessment is fundamental to detect cardiovascular dysfunctions. We propose a new model to characterize instantaneous PTT dynamics, and the interactions between PTT and R-R interval (RRI). In this model, PTT is described as a point process whose probability function depends on previous PTT and RRI values. From the model coefficients, instantaneous powers, coherence and directed coherence of each spectral component are estimated. We used this framework to study the changes that tilt table test provoked in PTT and RRI dynamics in 17 healthy subjects. Time-varying spectral and coherence analysis revealed that, although PTT and RRI were locally correlated, direct contribution of RRI on PTT was low during the entire test in high frequency band, and just after postural changes in low frequency band. We conclude that PTT may add valuable information for a more accurate characterization of cardiovascular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Orini
- GTC, I3A, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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VETTORELLO M, SANTAMBROGIO SM, CALINI AR, TIZZONI L, MARCONI G, LIPPI MG, SESANA G, CHIARA O, FUMAGALLI R. Predicting haemorrhage in pre-hospital traumatic patients: evaluation of the novel heart-to-arm time index. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2013; 57:929-35. [PMID: 23701337 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early recognition of hypovolaemia in trauma patients is very important. However, the most often used clinical signs, such as hypotension and tachycardia, lack specificity and sensitivity. METHODS We propose a non-invasive index of hypovolaemia, the heart to arm time (iHAT), based on a modified pulse transit time indexed to heart rate. Pulse transit time is the sum of pre-ejection period and vascular transit time. Following pre-load reductions due to hypovolaemia, ventricular diastolic filling time increases causing an increase in pre-ejection-period, pulse transit time, and hence iHAT. One hundred and four consecutive patients with suspected major trauma were enrolled. The primary aim was to evaluate the use of the iHAT for detecting haemorrhage in major trauma. The secondary end point was to compare the specificity and sensitivity of iHAT compared to commonly used indexes. RESULTS iHAT was calculated in 84 subjects, 11 of whom were haemorrhagic. iHAT discriminated haemorrhagic from non-haemorrhagic group (46.8% vs. 66.9%, P < 0.0001). The cut-off for iHAT with the best compromise between sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (100%) was reached at the 58.78% level. Comparing haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic patients, the area under the ROC curve was 0.952 for iHAT, 0.835 for heart rate, and 0.911 for systolic blood pressure, showing no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS iHAT is a non-invasive index that can identify haemorrhage in trauma patients with high sensitivity and specificity. These data should be considered as an exploration, but any conclusion should be validated in a new set of consecutive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. M. SANTAMBROGIO
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit I; Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care; ‘Niguarda Ca' Granda’ Hospital; Milan; Italy
| | - A. R. CALINI
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit I; Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care; ‘Niguarda Ca' Granda’ Hospital; Milan; Italy
| | - L. TIZZONI
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit Department; San Gerardo University Hospital; Monza; Italy
| | - G. MARCONI
- AAT 118 Milano; Italy Emergency Operations Center and Helicopter Emergency Medical System; AREU; Lombardia; Italy
| | - M. G. LIPPI
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit I; Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care; ‘Niguarda Ca' Granda’ Hospital; Milan; Italy
| | - G. SESANA
- AAT 118 Milano; Italy Emergency Operations Center and Helicopter Emergency Medical System; AREU; Lombardia; Italy
| | - O. CHIARA
- Emergency Department and Trauma Team; ‘Niguarda Cà Granda’ Hospital; Milan; Italy
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Jeong IC, Finkelstein J. Potential value of electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram for non-invasive blood pressure estimation during exercise. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:2304-2307. [PMID: 24110185 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) monitoring is required to ensure safety of home-based exercise in seniors. Pulse transit time (PTT) defined as the time it takes a pulse wave to travel between two arterial sites is considered to be inversely proportional to BP. Different approaches have been described to calculate PTT using photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) however it is not clear which approach produces better BP estimates. The purpose of this study was to compare potential value of different approaches for calculating PTT and other derivatives of PPG and ECG described in the literature for assessing BP during exercise. Three calibration points were collected from five study participants at different levels of exertion on three different days. A high precision automated BP monitor was used to obtain reference BP. A correlation matrix between PPG/ECG derivatives and the reference BP values was analyzed. Based on the bivariate correlation analysis, PPG/ECG derivatives that demonstrated the most prominent association with reference BP were identified. The results of the study confirmed the value of individualized calibration for BP estimation using PTT and identified optimal means to derive it from PPG and ECG.
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Theodor M, Ruh D, Förster K, Heilmann C, Beyersdorf F, Zappe H, Seifert A. Implantable acceleration plethysmography for blood pressure determination. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:4038-4041. [PMID: 24110618 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an implantable accelerometer which detects plethysmograms directly at an artery. The sensor provides a new method for continuous blood pressure monitoring. In vivo measurements indicate that the accelerometer is well suited for determining the Pulse Transit Time (PTT) and the Reflected Wave Transit Time (RWTT). Both parameters show a high correlation with the systolic blood pressure. By varying the blood pressure, it was seen that RWTT more closely agrees with theory than PTT. Through several blood pressure sweeps the RWTT, as detected by the accelerometer, coincided very well with the systolic blood pressure, with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 and mean deviation of 4.3% for 1800 pulses.
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Kim SH, Song JG, Park JH, Kim JW, Park YS, Hwang GS. Beat-to-Beat Tracking of Systolic Blood Pressure Using Noninvasive Pulse Transit Time During Anesthesia Induction in Hypertensive Patients. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:94-100. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318270a6d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kerl J, Dellweg D, Köhler D. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Interpretation von Pulswellen bei der Untersuchung physiologischer Parameter im Schlaflabor. SOMNOLOGIE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11818-012-0596-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Schäfer A, Vagedes J. How accurate is pulse rate variability as an estimate of heart rate variability? A review on studies comparing photoplethysmographic technology with an electrocardiogram. Int J Cardiol 2012; 166:15-29. [PMID: 22809539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of heart rate variability (HRV) as a clinical research and diagnostic tool has been verified in numerous studies. The gold standard technique comprises analyzing time series of RR intervals from an electrocardiographic signal. However, some authors have used pulse cycle intervals instead of RR intervals, as they can be determined from a pulse wave (e.g. a photoplethysmographic) signal. This option is often called pulse rate variability (PRV), and utilizing it could expand the serviceability of pulse oximeters or simplify ambulatory monitoring of HRV. METHODS We review studies investigating the accuracy of PRV as an estimate of HRV, regardless of the underlying technology (photoplethysmography, continuous blood pressure monitoring or Finapresi, impedance plethysmography). RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Results speak in favor of sufficient accuracy when subjects are at rest, although many studies suggest that short-term variability is somewhat overestimated by PRV, which reflects coupling effects between respiration and the cardiovascular system. Physical activity and some mental stressors seem to impair the agreement of PRV and HRV, often to an inacceptable extent. Findings regarding the position of the sensor or the detection algorithm are not conclusive. Generally, quantitative conclusions are impeded by the fact that results of different studies are mostly incommensurable due to diverse experimental settings and/or methods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schäfer
- Arcim institute, Im Haberschlai 7, 70794 Filderstadt, Germany
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41
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Tomsin K, Mesens T, Molenberghs G, Gyselaers W. Venous Pulse Transit Time in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:431-6. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719111424440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Tomsin
- Department. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Department. Physiology, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tinne Mesens
- Department. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Geert Molenberghs
- I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- I-BioStat, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wilfried Gyselaers
- Department. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Department. Physiology, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Hsiu H, Huang SM, Hsu CL, Hu SF, Lin HW. Effects of cold stimulation on the harmonic structure of the blood pressure and photoplethysmography waveforms. Photomed Laser Surg 2011; 30:77-84. [PMID: 22136594 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2011.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold stimulation (CS) accompanied by vasoconstriction can increase the stiffness of the arterial system. The vascular responses during CS have been studied using photoplethysmography (PPG), but most have focused on time-domain waveform indexes. Focusing on the radial arterial blood pressure (BPW) and the finger PPG waveforms, we aimed to determine if harmonic index could help to noninvasively characterize the changes in arterial pulse transmission following mild CS. METHODS Trials were measured on male healthy volunteers (n=29); mild CS was applied by placing a bag filled with 2000 cc of water at a temperature of 19-21°C around the right lower arm. For each experiment, we recorded a 3-min baseline-data sequence, applied local mild CS and recorded a 3-min effect sequence, and then recorded another 3-min effect sequence immediately after stopping CS. BPW and PPG spectra were used to calculate the amplitude proportion (C(n)) and phase angle (P(n)) for each harmonic (for n=1-10) from averages of all the pulses during the measurement period. RESULTS Several harmonic indexes were prominently increased following CS, including C(4)-C(10) and P(3)-P(10) for the BPW and C(5)-C(10) and P(3) and P(4) for PPG waveforms. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that the application of mild CS significantly changes several harmonic-analysis indexes of the BPW and the PPG waveforms. By providing detailed information about the pulse transmission of each frequency component, harmonic analysis may improve the ability to detect arterial elastic properties induced by CS, other forms of external stimulation, or pathological factors. It may be pertinent to the development of medical devices for application in telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Hsiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Pulse transit time: validation of blood pressure measurement under positive airway pressure ventilation. Sleep Breath 2011; 16:1105-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-011-0609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Zhang G, Gao M, Xu D, Olivier NB, Mukkamala R. Pulse arrival time is not an adequate surrogate for pulse transit time as a marker of blood pressure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 111:1681-6. [PMID: 21960657 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00980.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulse transit time (PTT) is a proven, simple to measure, marker of blood pressure (BP) that could potentially permit continuous, noninvasive, and cuff-less BP monitoring (after an initial calibration). However, pulse arrival time (PAT), which is equal to the sum of PTT and the pre-ejection period, is gaining popularity for BP tracking, because it is even simpler to measure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that PAT is an adequate surrogate for PTT as a marker of BP. PAT and PTT were estimated through the aorta using high-fidelity invasive arterial waveforms obtained from six dogs during wide BP changes induced by multiple interventions. These time delays and their reciprocals were evaluated in terms of their ability to predict diastolic, mean, and systolic BP (DBP, MBP, and SBP) per animal. The root mean squared error (RMSE) between the BP parameter predicted via the time delay and the measured BP parameter was specifically used as the evaluation metric. Taking the reciprocals of the time delays tended to reduce the RMSE values. The DBP, MBP, and SBP RMSE values for 1/PAT were 9.8 ± 5.2, 10.4 ± 5.6, and 11.9 ± 6.1 mmHg, whereas the corresponding values for 1/PTT were 5.3 ± 1.2, 4.8 ± 1.0, and 7.5 ± 2.2 mmHg (P < 0.05). Thus tracking BP via PAT was not only markedly worse than via PTT but also unable to meet the FDA BP error limits. In contrast to previous studies, our results quantitatively indicate that PAT is not an adequate surrogate for PTT in terms of detecting challenging BP changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Zhang
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA
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Lin CH. Assessment of bilateral photoplethysmography for lower limb peripheral vascular occlusive disease using color relation analysis classifier. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2011; 103:121-131. [PMID: 20674063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes the assessment of bilateral photoplethysmography (PPG) for lower limb peripheral vascular occlusive disease (PVOD) using a color relation analysis (CRA) classifier. PPG signals are non-invasively recorded from the right and left sides at the big toe sites. With the time-domain technique, the right-to-left side difference is studied by comparing the subject's PPG data. The absolute bilateral differences construct various diminishing and damping patterns. These difference patterns in amplitude and shape distortion relate to the grades of PVOD, including the normal condition, lower-grade disease, and higher-grade disease. A CRA classifier is used to recognize the various patterns for PVOD assessment. Its concept is derived from the HSV color model and uses the hue, saturation, and value to depict the disease grades using the natural primary colors of red, green, and blue. PPG signals are obtained from 21 subjects aged 24-65 years using an optical measurement technique. The proposed CRA classifier is tested using the physiological measurements, and the tests reveal its practicality for monitoring PPG signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kao-Yuan University, No. 1821, Jhongshan Rd., Lujhu Township, Kaohsiung County 821, Taiwan.
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Näsi T, Mäki H, Kotilahti K, Nissilä I, Haapalahti P, Ilmoniemi RJ. Magnetic-stimulation-related physiological artifacts in hemodynamic near-infrared spectroscopy signals. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24002. [PMID: 21887362 PMCID: PMC3162598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). This study demonstrates that cerebral neuronal activity is not their sole contributor. We compared bilateral NIRS responses following brain stimulation to those from the shoulders evoked by shoulder stimulation and contrasted them with changes in circulatory parameters. The left primary motor cortex of ten subjects was stimulated with 8-s repetitive TMS trains at 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz at an intensity of 75% of the resting motor threshold. Hemoglobin concentration changes were measured with NIRS on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The photoplethysmograph (PPG) amplitude and heart rate were recorded as well. The left shoulder of ten other subjects was stimulated with the same protocol while the hemoglobin concentration changes in both shoulders were measured. In addition to PPG amplitude and heart rate, the pulse transit time was recorded. The brain stimulation reduced the total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) on the stimulated and contralateral hemispheres. The shoulder stimulation reduced HbT on the stimulated shoulder but increased it contralaterally. The waveforms of the HbT responses on the stimulated hemisphere and shoulder correlated strongly with each other (r = 0.65–0.87). All circulatory parameters were also affected. The results suggest that the TMS-evoked NIRS signal includes components that do not result directly from cerebral neuronal activity. These components arise from local effects of TMS on the vasculature. Also global circulatory effects due to arousal may affect the responses. Thus, studies involving TMS-evoked NIRS responses should be carefully controlled for physiological artifacts and effective artifact removal methods are needed to draw inferences about TMS-evoked brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Näsi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.
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Vaschillo EG, Vaschillo B, Pandina RJ, Bates ME. Resonances in the cardiovascular system caused by rhythmical muscle tension. Psychophysiology 2011; 48:927-36. [PMID: 21143610 PMCID: PMC3094735 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Paced 0.1 Hz breathing causes high-amplitude HR oscillation, triggering resonance in the cardiovascular system (CVS). This oscillation is considered to be a primary therapeutic factor in HRV biofeedback treatments. This study examined whether rhythmical skeletal muscle tension (RSMT) can also cause 0.1 Hz resonance in the CVS, and compared oscillatory reactivity in CVS functions caused by RSMT and paced breathing (PB). Sixteen young healthy participants completed five tasks: baseline, three RSMT tasks at frequencies of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 Hz, and a 0.1 Hz PB task. ECG, respiration, finger pulse, and skin conductance data were collected. Results showed that 0.1 Hz RSMT as well as 0.1 Hz PB triggered resonance in the CVS and caused equivalent oscillations in all measured CVS functions, although in women, RSMT compared to PB caused lower HR oscillation. Clinical application of 0.1 Hz RSMT is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny G Vaschillo
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
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Lan YC, Shen CH, Kang HM, Chong FC. Pulse transit time reveals drug kinetics on vascular changes affected by propofol. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2011; 15:949-52. [PMID: 21547779 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2011.567981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulse transit time (PTT) is the duration in which a pulse wave travels between two arterial sites within the same cardiac cycle. The aim of our study is to use PTT to examine propofol's effects on the vascular system. Methods. We collected data from 50 healthy women, between 28 and 51 years old, who underwent gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia. The general anaesthesia was induced with propofol injection (2 mg/kg). PTT measurements were obtained from the R-wave of electrocardiogram and the pulse wave of photoplethysmograph. Two PTT values were obtained; one before (the control) and the other after propofol injection. The results were analysed by Student's t-test. Results. After propofol injection, the PTT was prolonged. The change in the PTT value from that of baseline was significant statistically (P < 0.05, by Student's t-test). The PTT change over time correlated with the degree of vasodilatation over time. Monitoring of PTT not only revealed the magnitude of vascular changes but also demonstrated the onset of vascular dilation, its peak and duration. We conclude that PTT is a useful guide in monitoring the drug kinetics of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chun Lan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Gil E, Orini M, Bailón R, Vergara JM, Mainardi L, Laguna P. Photoplethysmography pulse rate variability as a surrogate measurement of heart rate variability during non-stationary conditions. Physiol Meas 2010; 31:1271-90. [PMID: 20702919 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/31/9/015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gil E, Bailón R, Vergara JM, Laguna P. PTT variability for discrimination of sleep apnea related decreases in the amplitude fluctuations of PPG signal in children. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2010; 57:1079-88. [PMID: 20142152 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2009.2037734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an analysis of pulse transit time variability (PTTV) during decreases in the amplitude fluctuations of pulse photoplethysmography signal (PPG) (DAP) events for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) screening is presented. The temporal evolution of time-frequency PTTV parameters during DAP was analyzed. The results show an increase in the sympathetic activity index low-frequency component (LF) during DAP for PTTV (85%) significantly higher than for heart rate variability (HRV) (33%), (p < 10(-13)). However, decreases in parasympathetic activity produce lower decrements in high-frequency component (HF) indexes for PTTV (18%) than for HRV (22%). Thus, PTTV reflects sympathetic changes more clearly than HRV. A clinical study was carried out. DAP events were classified as apneic or nonapneic using a linear discriminant analysis from the PTTV indexes. The ratio of DAP events per hour r (DAP), the ratio after filtering based on HRV indexes r (HRV) (DAP), or on PTTV indexes r (PTTV) (DAP), were computed. The results show an accuracy of 75% for r (PTTV) (DAP) (14% increase with respect to r (DAP) and 5% increase with respect to r (HRV) (DAP)), a sensitivity of 81.8%, and a specificity of 73.9% when classifying 1-h polysomnographic excerpts as OSAS or normal. These results suggest that the combination of DAP and PTTV could be better alternative for sleep apnea screening using PPG with the added benefit of its low cost and simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gil
- Communications Technology Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research, and CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER_BBN), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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