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Ogunyinka IA, Yusuff KB, Erah PO, Mohammed Y, Wada YH. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Knowledge, Its Vaccine Uptake Intentions, and the Influence of Personality Traits among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in a University Setting: Findings and Implications. Ann Afr Med 2024; 23:271-284. [PMID: 39028187 PMCID: PMC11364321 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_201_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the greatest global health catastrophe of the century, with its vaccine hesitancy compounding the woes. Relevant stakeholders, including pharmacy students (whose education was disrupted) are important bulwarks against these catastrophes, but their COVID-19-related information are scarce. AIMS We assessed COVID-19 knowledge, its vaccine uptake intentions, and the influence of personality traits among pharmacy undergraduates in a Nigerian university. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a post-lockdown cross sectional study conducted at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A 61-item questionnaire was used to collect data among pharmacy undergraduates who attended Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, in May 2021. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Summary statistics- mean (±standard deviation), range, frequency, proportion; inferential statistics- Chi square statistics, binary logistic regression. RESULTS The response rate was 88% (168/191). The average COVID-19 knowledge score, the frequency of acceptance, and hesitancy to take COVID-19 vaccine among study participants were 42.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 42.1-43.7), 39.1% (95% CI = 37.3%-41.8%), and 61.9% (95% CI = 58.0%-64.2%), respectively. In addition, of the 168 study participants, 73 (43.5%) considered themselves to have high self-esteem, 67 (39.9%) were highly extroverted, 91 (54.2%) highly privately self-conscious, 96 (57.1%) highly publicly self-conscious, and 60 (35.7%) highly self-restrained, with 57 (34.0%) not believing in the existence of COVID-19. COVID-19 knowledge varied significantly by level of study ( F [2,165] = 5.539; P = 0.005; η 2 = 0.06). Similarly, those with high self-esteem were twice as knowledgeable regarding COVID-19 as those with low self-esteem (odds ratio [OR]: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.08-3.78; P = 0.03) with gleaning COVID-19-related information from social media platforms predicting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (CVH) (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16-0.85; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The observed suboptimal COVID-19 knowledge was associated with participants' low level of self-esteem, and the prevalent CVH was associated with obtaining COVID-19-related information from social media platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abayomi Ogunyinka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Babatunde Yusuff
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Patrick Omonua Erah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Yahaya Mohammed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf Hassan Wada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Yıldırım B, Kırarslan Karagoz O, Tekeli Simsek A, Koca C, Cicek MF. Associations between self-reported bruxism, sleep quality, and psychological status among dental students in Turkey. Cranio 2024; 42:63-68. [PMID: 33794756 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1909458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess sleep quality among dental students and to identify psychological factors associated with self-reported sleep bruxism (SB). METHODS A total of 212 dentistry students from the Usak University Faculty of Dentistry participated in this study. A self-report questionnaire was administered to identify possible SB. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was administered to evaluate psychological factors, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality. RESULTS Possible SB was more frequently observed in females than in males. The mean DASS-21 score in those with possible SB was significantly higher than in those without SB (p< 0.001). The mean PSQI (total) score was also significantly higher in those with possible SB than in those without SB (5.0 ± 2.4) (p= 0.007). CONCLUSION The findings revealed that psychological factors and sleep quality significantly affected the prevalence of self-reported SB among dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Yıldırım
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | | | - Aysıla Tekeli Simsek
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Cansu Koca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Fatih Cicek
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
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Yang XY, Wang C, Hong YP, Zhu TT, Qian LJ, Hu YB, Teng LH, Ding J. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of monitoring early gastric cancer after endoscopic submucosal dissection. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1751-1760. [PMID: 37701694 PMCID: PMC10494597 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i8.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early gastric cancer (EGC) is typically treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, recurrence may occur after ESD, requiring surveillance. AIM To examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of EGC survivors following ESD regarding gastric cancer recurrence. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 1, 2022 and October 1, 2022 in Zhejiang, China. A total of 400 EGC survivors who underwent ESD at the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine participated in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess KAP monitoring gastric cancer after ESD. RESULTS The average scores for KAP were 3.34, 23.76, and 5.75 out of 5, 30, and 11, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive and significant correlations between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice (r = 0.405, 0.511, and 0.458, respectively; all P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge, attitude, 13-24 mo since the last ESD (vs ≤ 12 mo since the last ESD), and ≥ 25 mo since the last ESD (vs ≤ 12 mo since the last ESD) were independent predictors of proactive practice (odds ratio = 1.916, 1.253, 3.296, and 5.768, respectively, all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION EGC survivors showed inadequate knowledge, positive attitude, and poor practices in monitoring recurrences after ESD. Adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and a longer time since the last ESD were associated with practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lu-Jia Qian
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Hong Teng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Wassef O, Elgendy S, Dawah AELM, Elawady M, Khedr E. Effect of a health education program about COVID-19 on the knowledge, attitude, and practices of paramedical students in Egypt: an interventional study. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2322. [PMID: 37441116 PMCID: PMC10334433 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In December 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has been reported in China. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of Benha Health Technical Institute (BHTI) students and to evaluate the impact of a health education program about COVID-19 on their KAP. Methods This is an interventional study that recruited 398 students from BHTI and was conducted in 3 phases. Firstly, an assessment of students' KAP was done using a structured questionnaire concerning COVID-19. Secondly, an education program about COVID-19 was conducted. Lastly, the reassessment of KAP was carried out using the same questionnaire after one month. Results The median knowledge, attitude, and practice scores among the studied students in the pre-interventional stage were 12, 15, and 26 which had significantly increased to 15, 16, and 28 respectively after the intervention. The knowledge score of the participants was significantly affected by students' age and grade of education; the attitude score was affected by age, gender, and grade of education, while the practice score was only affected by participants' age. Conclusion The educational program significantly increased the KAP of BHTI students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Enjy Khedr
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Qualybeia, Egypt
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Khadka S, Saleem M, Usman M, Hashmi FK, Tariq F, Zaheer W, Imon S, Inam A, Gupta RP, Aryal P. Qualitative exploration of perspectives of the pharmacists working in public-sector hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:45. [PMID: 36932458 PMCID: PMC10022563 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic, a serious global health threat, has excruciating social and economic implications given its transmissibility, lack of therapy, and severity. In such a situation, pharmacists as frontline healthcare professionals hold a significant position to tackle. This study was designed to explore the perception and preparedness of pharmacists working in public sector hospitals amid such a pandemic in Pakistan. METHODS A total of 11 pharmacists were interviewed for this qualitative study design through a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. RESULTS The thematic content analysis yielded six major themes; understanding of COVID-19, perceptions towards COVID-19, preventive aspects, management aspects, changes to lifestyle, and psychological aspects. Though efficient preparedness and approach to fighting against such pandemics were reported, pharmacists were found susceptible to infection and psychological stress. They also expressed lockdown as an effective measure to prevent the disease from spreading but still were concerned about its economic and social impact. CONCLUSIONS Adequate planning and facilities from the national level should be made available for strengthening the hospital pharmacy service that helps improve the overall healthcare system of low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. The provision of a protective facility, incentives, and occupational health surveillance packages are deemed necessary to boost the self-esteem and morale of hospital pharmacists that safeguard the early and effective management of such disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitaram Khadka
- Level One Plus Hospital, Golan Heights, Syria. .,Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Furqan K Hashmi
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Tariq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Warda Zaheer
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Imon
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Inam
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ravi Prasad Gupta
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Pallav Aryal
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ayoubieh H, Perry C, Cervantes J, Pfarr C, Chacon J. Development of an Online SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Elective Course for Fourth-Year Medical Students. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2023; 33:21-25. [PMID: 36713276 PMCID: PMC9860214 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-023-01726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Paul L. Foster School of Medicine incorporated supplementary online learning for 4th year medical students who were unable to participate in clinical activities due to clinical site restrictions to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. An online elective was developed aimed to increase student knowledge of COVID-19: "COVID-19: Utilizing basic sciences to implement what you need to know as a physician." This course required students to further their understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 through directed self-study to identify and summarize the latest scientific literature followed by presenting an online seminar to peers and faculty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houriya Ayoubieh
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX USA
| | - Cynthia Perry
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX USA
| | - Jorge Cervantes
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX USA
| | - Curt Pfarr
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX USA
| | - Jessica Chacon
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX USA
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Sibiya MN, Oladimeji KE, Anyiam FE, Oladimeji O. A Cross-Sectional Study of Coronavirus Disease Prevention Practices among University Staff and Students in Durban, South Africa in 2020-2021. Infect Dis Rep 2023; 15:84-93. [PMID: 36826349 PMCID: PMC9956354 DOI: 10.3390/idr15010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on individuals, education, and the economy. During its peak, the pandemic forced school closures. Although there is currently no cure for corona virus, non-pharmaceutical measures can help prevent its spread. Among these preventive measures are regular handwashing with soap and water or the use of hand sanitizers, avoiding touching the mouth, nose, and eyes, social distancing, and the use of face masks. As a result, this study investigated COVID-19 prevention practices among Durban University of Technology staff and students in South Africa. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, data were gathered online via self-administered, structured questionnaires from 5849 university students and staff members between May 2020 and March 2021. Utilizing descriptive statistics, the characteristics of the study sample were reported. Using logistic regression models, the relationship between demographic characteristics and the overall level of COVID-19 preventive practices was evaluated. Results: The multivariate logistic regression model showed statistically significantly associations for COVID-19 preventive practices by: male (AOR: 9.815, 95% CI: 1.721-55.959, p = 0.01) compared to female participants, single participants (AOR: 6.012, 95% CI: 2.070-17.461, p = 0.001) compared to other marital categories, and those in the faculty of Health Sciences (AOR: 1.721, 95% CI: 1.023-2.894, p = 0.041) compared to other faculties. Conclusions: Overall, the study's preventive practices were commendable; they were also influenced by socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, and university faculty. Increasing age was associated with reduced compliance with COVID-19 preventive practices. In addition, men demonstrated greater caution than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya
- Division of Research, Innovation and Engagement, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Umlazi 4031, South Africa
| | - Kelechi Elizabeth Oladimeji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa
| | - Felix Emeka Anyiam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Olanrewaju Oladimeji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Osman BM, Abdelrheem SS, El Sabaa RM, Yousef FK, Hussein AARM, Abuelkassem NM, Atlam SA. COVID-19 pandemic: perception, attitude, and practices of university students from health sector faculties. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BRONCHOLOGY 2023. [PMCID: PMC9841487 DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adherence to preventive control measures is influenced by perception, attitudes, and practices toward the disease prevention.
Aim
To assess the perceptions, attitude, and practices of university students in three health sector faculties (Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy) from six Egyptian universities towards COVID-19 pandemic prevention.
Methods
An electronic online survey was distributed to students of 3 faculties (Medicine, Pharmacy, and Nursing) in six Egyptian universities from March to July 2021. The questionnaire consists of the following parts: socio-demographic data of participants, student perception and attitude towards the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, as well as practices of preventive measures in the community.
Results
The study included 1990 participants. Most respondents perceived the seriousness of the COVID-19 pandemic (88.2%). The rates of practicing precautionary measures were mostly high (approximately 90% or above). Significantly high attitude scores toward the pandemic were detected in people with quite-to-extremely concerned, very good/excellent status, aware of infection risk, willing to report positive cases and avoiding contact with them, and seeking medical advice regarding infection. The attitude to protective measures followed a similar pattern along with average health status, female students, and avoidance of contact when experiencing flu symptoms. Significantly higher practice scores were observed in those with bad health status, rural areas, perceiving the risk of infection, willing to report positive cases, and avoiding contact with positive cases.
Conclusion
The effectiveness of precautionary measures should be stressed to promote positive student practices.
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Sheraba NS, Orayj K, Alqahtani A, El-sokkary RH, Khalid M. A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward COVID-19 among Students and Staff in Asir, Saudi Arabia during the Second Wave of the Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:2014. [PMID: 36560424 PMCID: PMC9783384 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Being in a rapidly changing and dynamic environment during the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals' perceptions change on a daily basis, and this starts to inform the status of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) during the second wave of the pandemic. AIM To assess the KAP on COVID-19 among students, teaching staff, and administrative staff in the Asir region for the first time. METHODS A questionnaire-based survey cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 February to 10 March 2021 using an online questionnaire. RESULTS In the survey of students and staff in educational institutes in the Asir region, the target population were well informed about COVID-19; in 10 out of 13 questions, more than 80% of the respondents answered correctly. The attitude of the target populations was quite positive. They were worried about the increase in the number of COVID-19 cases. The target populations were concerned (94.8%) for their kith and kin not to get infected. The target populations agree with the precautionary measures that were taken by Saudi authorities. A positive association was found between knowledge and practices as well as knowledge and attitudes of the target population. A significantly positive association was observed between attitudes and practices of the educational institutes' respondents in Asir, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION The students and staff in educational institutes in the Asir region have a high level of knowledge about COVID-19, have a positive attitude toward it, take proper precautions against it, and are enthusiastic about the COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan Saif Sheraba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- VACSERA, The Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Khalid Orayj
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab H. El-sokkary
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Bas-Sarmiento P, Lamas-Toranzo MJ, Fernández-Gutiérrez M, Poza-Méndez M. Health Literacy, Misinformation, Self-Perceived Risk and Fear, and Preventive Measures Related to COVID-19 in Spanish University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15370. [PMID: 36430094 PMCID: PMC9690779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The "infodemic" is one of the main obstacles in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to face it, health literacy (HL) is essential since it allows for knowledge about COVID-19 and the practice of preventive measures to be fostered. This is especially relevant in university students due to their idiosyncrasy. This study aims to evaluate the level of HL related to COVID-19 (HLC), risk perception, misinformation, and the attitudes and behaviors adopted to prevent the spread of coronavirus in Spanish university students. An online questionnaire was administered to 499 Spanish university students. The HLC index presented a mean of 33.89 out of 50; a total of 63.8% had an inadequate level of HLC. They practiced a mean of 7.54 out of 9 preventive behaviors, and the mean knowledge score was 10.40 out of 13. The HLC showed significantly different scores for the degree, the practice of preventive measures, and some sources of information. The level of HL correlates with the adoption of preventive measures. The higher the severity and perceived susceptibility, the more preventive measures are taken by the students. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen the HL skills of university students and address the dissemination of misinformation. Although caution should be taken when generalizing these results due to the limitations inherent within a cross-sectional study and the convenience sampling, our results can guide the establishment of health education strategies and policies for the management of the infodemic in pandemic situations, according to this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Bas-Sarmiento
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, University Institute of Research in Social Sustainable Development (INDESS), Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz, INiBICA, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Martina Fernández-Gutiérrez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, University Institute of Research in Social Sustainable Development (INDESS), Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz, INiBICA, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Poza-Méndez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, University Institute of Research in Social Sustainable Development (INDESS), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Jandee K, Thanapop C. Food Delivery Drivers' Health Literacy Regarding COVID-19 Prevention and Protective Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey in Southern Thailand. JMIR Hum Factors 2022; 9:e37693. [PMID: 36227652 PMCID: PMC9566821 DOI: 10.2196/37693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2019, COVID-19 spread worldwide, causing a pandemic that has posed unprecedented challenges and pressure for health systems and economies. Food delivery services have become an important medium for consumer food purchases to limit human-to-human contact. Thus, delivery drivers are at high risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection at work. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have analyzed the dimensions of health literacy (HL) regarding COVID-19 prevention in this population. Objective This study aims to explore the HL status toward COVID-19 prevention and its associated factors among food delivery drivers in southern Thailand. Methods Following a cross-sectional survey from July to August 2021, Thai food delivery drivers in the upper-south and lower-south regions of southern Thailand were recruited to participate during the compulsory COVID-19 lockdown. An online structured questionnaire was administered verbally and recorded by the interviewer. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to explore independently associated factors. Results Of 401 drivers, 291 (72.6%) were men. The median age was 31 years (range 19-64 years). The median number of months working as a driver was 12 months, and the median number of working hours was 9 hours per day. The median number of daily food orders was 20, while the median daily income was Thai baht (THB) 600 (US $15.90). Social media (Facebook and Line) was a common source of health information. The most common information required was about the COVID-19 vaccine, medications, and treatment. Most drivers (285/401, 71.1%) had excellent HL levels regarding COVID-19 prevention. Only the practical application of information was statistically correlated with behavior (r=0.38, P<.001). Drivers in the lower south of Thailand were more likely to have excellent HL than other drivers (β=7.03, P<.001). Those who frequently accessed information through YouTube (β=–2.17, P=.01) and relatives (β=–4.19, P<.001) were less likely to have excellent HL levels. Conclusions Understanding HL among food delivery drivers would be useful for planning effective interventions that target this population. Conventional health education through social media alone may not be effective at educating people about COVID-19 prevention. Information literacy skills could determine individuals’ HL and drivers’ behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasemsak Jandee
- Department of Community Public Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Data Science for Health Study, Walailak University, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chamnong Thanapop
- Department of Community Public Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Data Science for Health Study, Walailak University, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Thailand
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Muhammad K, Saqlain M, Muhammad G, Hamdard A, Naveed M, Butt MH, Khan S, Ismael NS, Khan Z, Karatas Y. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAPs) of Community Pharmacists Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey in 2 Provinces of Pakistan. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 16:1864-1872. [PMID: 33588970 PMCID: PMC8129683 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19. METHOD An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). RESULTS Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P = < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a CP with experience of > 5 years, a PhD degree, good knowledge, and a good attitude has higher odds of having good practices as compared with reference categories (P = < 0.05). CONCLUSION In short, a majority of the CPs had good knowledge but had a poor attitude and practice toward the management of COVID-19. Standard-structured educational and counseling programs for CPs regarding COVID-19 are needed for effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayal Muhammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Saqlain
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gul Muhammad
- Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ataullah Hamdard
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Statistics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Siraj Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Najlaa Saadi Ismael
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zakir Khan
- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı, Sarıçam, Adana, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Karatas
- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı, Sarıçam, Adana, Turkey
- Balcalı Hospital, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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13
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Ketata N, Ben Ayed H, Trigui M, Maamri H, Ben Hmida M, Ben Jemaa M, Baklouti M, Yaich S, Kassis M, Feki H, Damak J. Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and their associated factors against the growing threat of COVID-19 among medical students. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, Shahwan M, Alorfi NM, El-Dahiyat F, Hossain MS, Jairoun M, Jaber AAS. Exploring the knowledge, attitude and practice towards disaster medicine preparedness and readiness: A prescriptive insight by the community pharmacists in the United Arab Emirates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273209. [PMID: 36006935 PMCID: PMC9409571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper disaster preparedness by community pharmacists has the potential to counter many of the factors that cause threats and high-risk outcomes. Their preparedness and awareness may also help health practitioners and governments to improve disaster response planning. OBJECTIVES This aims to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards disaster medicine preparedness and readiness among community pharmacists in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted over the ten months among licensed community pharmacists who had three months' professional experience or more. Face-to-face interviews were carried out and a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Logistic regression models were used to determine the factors influencing aboucine preparedness and readiness. SPSS Version 24 was used to analyze the data collected. RESULTS A total of 500 community pharmacists participated in the study. The average knowledge score was 25.6% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of [21.7%, 29.4%]. Better knowledge scores were observed in the male gender (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.05-3.72), participants aged ≥ 31 years old (OR 2.97; 95% CI 1.16-7.6), postgraduates (OR 4.36; 95% CI 2.6-7.3), participants from independent Pharmacies (OR 6.5; 95% CI 4.04-10.4 3), chief pharmacists (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.86-5.07), participants with 16 years and more experience years (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.063-5.522) and participants who graduated from regional/international universities (OR 5.92; 95% CI 2.65-13.2). Better attitude and practice about disaster medicine preparedness were observed in postgraduates (OR 2.54; 95% CI 1.26-pharmacists from independent pharmacies (OR 1.35; 95% CI 2.43-2,.66), and chief pharmacists (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.17-1.35). CONCLUSIONS It's essential to provide a continuing education program using different educational strategies urgently needed to improve community pharmacy competencies (e.g. knowledge attitudes, and perceptions) to improve the skills and practices regarding disaster medicine preparedness and readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Gelugor, Malaysia
- Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Gelugor, Malaysia
- Pharmacy Department, Emirates Health Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University Ajman, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nsser M. Alorfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris El-Dahiyat
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Md. Sanower Hossain
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science, Sristy College of Tangail, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Miamona Jairoun
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ammar Ali Saleh Jaber
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Buizza C, Bazzoli L, Ghilardi A. Changes in College Students Mental Health and Lifestyle During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. ADOLESCENT RESEARCH REVIEW 2022; 7:537-550. [PMID: 35966832 PMCID: PMC9362152 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-022-00192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED College students have poorer mental health than their peers. Their poorer health conditions seem to be caused by the greater number of stressors to which they are exposed, which can increase the risk of the onset of mental disorders. The pandemic has been an additional stressor that may have further compromised the mental health of college students and changed their lifestyles with important consequences for their well-being. Although research has recognized the impact of COVID-19 on college students, only longitudinal studies can improve knowledge on this topic. This review summarizes the data from 17 longitudinal studies examining changes in mental health and lifestyle among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to improve understanding of the effects of the outbreak on this population. Following PRISMA statements, the following databases were searched PubMed, EBSCO, SCOPUS and Web of Science. The overall sample included 20,108 students. The results show an increase in anxiety, mood disorders, alcohol use, sedentary behavior, and Internet use and a decrease in physical activity. Female students and sexual and gender minority youth reported poorer mental health conditions. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable subgroups of college students. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40894-022-00192-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Buizza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luciano Bazzoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Ghilardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Ali J, Singh S, Khan W. Health awareness of rural households towards COVID-19 pandemic in India: Evidence from Rural Impact Survey of the World Bank. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS 2022; 23:e2819. [PMID: 35937031 PMCID: PMC9347369 DOI: 10.1002/pa.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims at analysing the level of awareness of the symptoms and the methods of protection from COVID-19 based on the Rural Impact Survey of the World Bank, collected from 5200 households belonging to six states in India that is, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. Data has been analysed using chi-square test and regression analysis. Results of the analysis indicate that about 70.8% rural households are aware of the symptom of coronavirus, and 81.9% are aware of the preventive measures for controlling the spread of COVID-19. Analysis indicates a significant association between awareness level on symptoms and prevention of COVID-19 and socio-demographics and location. The study further analyses the key determinants of awareness of COVID-19 symptoms and preventive measures using the logistics regression model, indicating that age, gender, education, income, poverty status, access to information, cash relief and medical services are the determining factors of health awareness on COVID-19 pandemic among rural households in India. Considering the importance of self-protecting measures in fighting the pandemic, this paper highlights the importance of strengthening public awareness for containing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabir Ali
- Economics & Business EnvironmentIndian Institute of Management, Old University CampusJammu and KashmirIndia
| | - Sarbjit Singh
- Economics & Business EnvironmentIndian Institute of Management, Old University CampusJammu and KashmirIndia
| | - Waseem Khan
- Department of Management Studies, School of Management and Business StudiesJamia Hamdard UniversityNew DelhiIndia
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17
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Alanazi N, Bahjri K. Knowledge, Attitude, and Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:801777. [PMID: 35284372 PMCID: PMC8904396 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.801777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The world has been facing an unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 with over 336 million people infected and millions of deaths. This required an enormous communication effort response from governments, international, and individuals to keep the public informed about the outbreak. When a pandemic affects communities, individuals' knowledge and attitude are important factors to contain the outbreak. Thus, the purpose of this study is to measure individuals' knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 and ascertain whether a need exists for mental health services for those who were affected by the pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to measure the knowledge, attitude, and psychological impacts about the COVID-19 pandemic among the Saudi population. Research participants were recruited using a snowball sampling technique through the social media platform WhatsApp. A total of 482 eligible individuals participated from various locations in Saudi Arabia represented almost all Saudi regions. The questionnaire consisted of seven questions evaluating knowledge, seven gauging attitudes, and 16 questions assessing anxiety and perceived need for mental healthcare services. Results A modest level of knowledge (59%) was found among the Saudi population sampled about the COVID-19 pandemic, and satisfactory knowledge (>80%) about its preventive measures. Anxiety and stress existed among the participants (79% obsessed with COVID-19), with an 88% approval rate for obtaining mental health services for individuals highly affected by the pandemic. Conclusion There is a need to increase awareness and provide continuous updates regarding the pandemic situation. Promoting access to mental health services is critical, as well as finding creative and suitable strategies to deliver mental health services to those who need them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Alanazi
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Naif Alanazi
| | - Khaled Bahjri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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18
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Sultana MS, Khan AH, Islam MR, Hossain S, Tasdik Hasan M, Sikder MT. Gender differences in knowledge, attitudes and
preparedness to respond to COVID-19 among adults in
Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. POPULATION MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/145763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Koni A, Taha S, Daifallah A, Koni M, Abutaha S, Sabateen A, Zyoud SH. A cross-sectional evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived challenges among Palestinian pharmacists regarding COVID-19. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121211069278. [PMID: 35070309 PMCID: PMC8771730 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211069278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived challenges regarding coronavirus disease 2019 among pharmacists in Palestine. METHODS An online method was used to collect the data. Three hundred sixty-four pharmacists participated in the study from all areas in the Palestinian territories. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: sociodemographics; knowledge, attitudes, practices regarding coronavirus disease 2019; and barriers that prevent the implementation of infection control measures. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program Version 21 was used to analyze the data. Variables were expressed as frequencies, percentages, mean, and median. The chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson's test were applied, along with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The median age of the participants was 29 years old, and most of them were female (70.9%). The analysis found that 76.4% of pharmacists had good knowledge regarding coronavirus disease 2019, and 52.7% had good practices. The median attitude score recorded by the participants was 32 points [Q1-Q3: 30-34] out of 35. Notably, the level of concern regarding coronavirus disease 2019 was significantly associated with all three tools of measurement; knowledge (p = 0.001), attitudes (p = 0.001), and practices (p = 0.001). It also appears that more years of experience had higher odds (3-5 years of experience: odds ratio, 2.560; 95% confidence interval, 1.413-4.639; p = 0.002, more than 5 years: odds ratio, 2.931; 95% confidence interval, 1.188-7.232; p = 0.020) of good practice. CONCLUSION Although an acceptable level of knowledge was found, it might be considered inadequate. Moreover, there is a lack of appropriate adherence to safety measures from pharmacists. Therefore, we recommend the responsible authorities generate an organized training program to expand pharmacists' knowledge and experience regarding coronavirus disease 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Koni
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Hematology and Oncology Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sari Taha
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Aiman Daifallah
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mouath Koni
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Shatha Abutaha
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ali Sabateen
- Infectious Diseases Unit, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sa’ed H Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
- Poison Control and Drug Information Center (PCDIC), College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
- Clinical Research Center, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine
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20
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G�rsoy A, Yavuz M, Altinbaş B, Sarimehmet D, Özel C. Faculty of health sciences students' knowledge and attitudes toward coronavirus disease 2019 during the first wave of the pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NURSING 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jin.jin_30_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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21
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Liu C, Lee Y, Lin Y, Yang S. Factors associated with anxiety and quality of life of the Wuhan populace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress Health 2021; 37:887-897. [PMID: 33739610 PMCID: PMC8250064 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In December 2019, COVID-19 broke out in Wuhan, China, affecting the mental health and quality of life (QoL) of its inhabitants. This study aimed at investigating the factors associated with anxiety and QoL in the Wuhan populace during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire survey was carried out during July 6-10, 2020. The questionnaire collected information on demography, anxiety, QoL, and social-environmental support. The main statistical methods included descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multivariate regression analysis. In total, 226 participants were recruited. The findings showed that females, elderly, middle-income, poor health status, shortage of medical supplies, and insufficient basic commodities were associated with anxiety significantly. Multiple regression analysis indicated that social-environmental support was significantly related to anxiety. Higher social-environmental support was significantly associated with a higher QoL. Our findings showed that the social-environmental support may reduce anxiety and improve the QoL for those living in an area heavily affected by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Healthcare AdministrationCollege of Medical and Health ScienceAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Ya‐Chen Lee
- Department of Occupational TherapyCollege of Medical and Health ScienceAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
| | - Ying‐Lien Lin
- Department of Industrial and Information ManagementNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan, ROC
| | - Shang‐Yu Yang
- Department of Healthcare AdministrationCollege of Medical and Health ScienceAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC
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22
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Islam MS, Rahman ME, Zubayer AA, Bhuiyan MRAM, Khan MKA, Hossain L, Sujon MMA. Investigating Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Survey in Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2021; 9:724520. [PMID: 34881215 PMCID: PMC8645983 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.724520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the sleep quality of individuals, and is a poorly investigated area. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence estimate of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among Bangladeshi residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was carried out from July 20 to August 5, 2020, involving 975 Bangladeshi residents (male: 54.2%; mean age: 26.7 ± 9.4 years; age range: 18-75 years). A self-reported questionnaire was answered by the respondents, covering information on demographic characteristics, perceived physical health status, COVID-19-related factors, COVID-19-induced anxiety assessment, and sleep quality. To assess sleep quality, the Bangla version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used. Logistic regression models were performed to analyze the factors associated with sleep quality. Results: The prevalence estimate of poor sleep quality was 55.1% among the Bangladeshi people during the COVID-19 pandemic. As per the multiple regression analysis, poor sleep quality was significantly higher among respondents who reported female gender, moderate/poor health status, indirect contact with COVID-19 infected patients, decreased household income due to the COVID-19 pandemic, fear of infection, and COVID-19-induced anxiety. Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was slightly prevalent among general people in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate an immediate response for this vulnerable group to improve the sleep quality during the public health emergency of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Estiar Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Liakat Hossain
- Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
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Ganczak M, Pasek O, Duda-Duma Ł, Komorzycka J, Nowak K, Korzeń M. A Peer-Based Educational Intervention Effects on SARS-CoV-2 Knowledge and Attitudes among Polish High-School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12183. [PMID: 34831939 PMCID: PMC8623814 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To support high school students to develop knowledge they need to adhere to control measures during the pandemic, a peer-based educational intervention on SARS-CoV-2 was developed and its impact was evaluated. Multistage random sampling was used. The 50 min peer-based intervention was conducted by final year medical students. Baseline and post-intervention knowledge and attitudes were assessed. Significance was tested by McNemar's/Wilcoxon rank tests. Of 518 participants (mean age 17.8 years ± 0.43), 81.0% did not receive any school-based education on SARS-CoV-2. After intervention, the knowledge score improved from 65.2% to 81.6%, attitudes from 63.2% to 70.8% (both p < 0.0001). The effect size after the intervention compared to pre-intervention showed moderate improvement of knowledge, but not attitudes (d = 0.46 and d = 0.18, respectively). Pre- and post-intervention, females, students in non-science programs, living in cities < 250,000 inhabitants had lower knowledge, while fewer males, non-science program students, living in smaller cities presented positive attitudes. Before intervention, 67.0% students correctly named SARS-CoV-2 preventive methods and 73.6% were concerned COVID-19 is a serious disease; these improved after intervention (to 80.1% and 86.3%; p < 0.0001). The intervention was not very successful in increasing the intent to vaccinate for COVID-19 (pre-intervention 52.9%, post-intervention 56.4%; p < 0.007). Peer-based teaching for high school students can be effective in increasing SARS-CoV-2 knowledge and awareness. More efforts are needed to improve attitudes and enhance acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ganczak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Oskar Pasek
- Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (O.P.); (Ł.D.-D.); (J.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Łukasz Duda-Duma
- Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (O.P.); (Ł.D.-D.); (J.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Julia Komorzycka
- Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (O.P.); (Ł.D.-D.); (J.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Karol Nowak
- Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (O.P.); (Ł.D.-D.); (J.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Marcin Korzeń
- Department of Methods of Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics, West Pomeranian Institute of Technology, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
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Blauza S, Heuckmann B, Kremer K, Büssing AG. Psychological distance towards COVID-19: Geographical and hypothetical distance predict attitudes and mediate knowledge. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:8632-8643. [PMID: 34744403 PMCID: PMC8557103 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While different antecedents have been examined to explain peoples’ reactions towards COVID-19, there is only scarce understanding about the role of the subjective closeness and distance to the pandemic. Within the current study, we applied the concept of psychological distance to understand the distance towards COVID-19 and investigated its (1) connection with preventive attitudes and proactive behaviors, (2) context-specific antecedents, and its (3) mediating effect of knowledge on attitudes. Using an online sample from a German quantitative cross-sectional study (N = 395, M = 32.2 years, SD = 13.9 years, 64.3% female) in July 2020, a time with a general low incidence of people infected with Sars-CoV2, we measured relevant socio-psychological constructs addressing COVID-19 and included further information from external sources. Based on a path model, we found geographical distance as a significant predictor of cognitive attitudes towards COVID-19. Furthermore, hypothetical distance (i.e., feeling to be likely affected by COVID-19) predicted not only participants’ affective, cognitive, and behavioral attitudes, but also the installation of a corona warning-app. While several variables affected the different dimensions of psychological distance, hypothetical and geographical distance mediated the effect of knowledge on attitudes. These results underline the role of geographical and hypothetical distance for health-related behaviors and education. For example, people will only comply with preventive measures if they feel geographically concerned by the disease, which is particularly challenging for fast-spreading global diseases such as COVID-19. Therefore, there is a need to clearly communicate the personal risks of diseases and address peoples’ hypothetical distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Blauza
- Institute for Science Education, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benedikt Heuckmann
- Institute for Science Education, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kremer
- Justus Liebig University, Institute for Biology Education, Karl-Glöckner-Straße 21C, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Alexander Georg Büssing
- Institute for Science Education, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover, Germany
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Zhang J, Yin Y, Dean J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhang Y. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey of COVID-19 Among Healthcare Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Public Health 2021; 9:742314. [PMID: 34692628 PMCID: PMC8528949 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.742314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has placed the healthcare system and student training under considerable pressure. However, the plights of healthcare students in the COVID-19 period have drawn limited attention in China. Methods: A cross-sectional on-line survey was undertaken between January and March 2020 to explore the COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey among Chinese healthcare students. Demographic information and data on KAP were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. The percentage KAP scores were categorized as good or poor. Independent predictors of good knowledge of COVID-19 were ascertained to use a logistic regression model. Results: Of the 1,595 participants, 85.9% (1,370) were women, 53.4% were junior college students, 65.8% majoring in nursing, and 29.8% had received training on COVID-19. The overall median percentage for good KAP was 51.6% with knowledge of 28.3%, attitude 67.8%, and practice 58.6%, respectively. Independent predictors of good knowledge of COVID-19 were being students ≥25 (95% CI = 0.27-0.93, P = 0.02), those taking bachelor degrees (95% CI = 1.17-2.07, P = 0.00), and those having participated in COVID-19 treatment training. Conclusions: The result of this study revealed suboptimal COVID-19-related KAP among healthcare students in China. To effectively control future outbreaks of COVID-19, there is a need to implement public sensitization programs to improve the understanding of COVID-19 and address COVID-19-related myths and misconceptions, especially among healthcare students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxia Zhang
- School of Nursing, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Educational Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhuan Yin
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Judith Dean
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Elder Office, Gansu Office, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- School of Nursing, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Salem MR, Hanafy SHA, Bayad AT, Abdel-Aziz SB, Shaheen D, Amin TT. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary actions against COVID-19 among medical students in Egypt. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:1427-1434. [PMID: 34426094 PMCID: PMC8372482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant public health threat. Therefore, the purpose of this survey was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary measures related to COVID-19 among college students. METHODS A convenient sample of 3263 volunteers responded to a self-administered electronic questionnaire during the period from October to December 2020. The knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) score level was calculated with a range of 0-34 points. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 21 (+/-1.2) years, 69% were female, and 60.3% were urban. The majority of respondents received information about COVID-19 symptoms (93.9%), how to protect yourself (92.5%), and how it is transmitted (86.8%). The most cited sources of information were social media (75.7%), and the most credible were government websites and international organizations. More than half (65%) expressed concern regarding contracting COVID-19, and 89.2% believed that COVID-19 is a dangerous infection due to the rapid spread of the virus. The mean total KAP score was 26.1 (+/-4.2), which differed significantly between gender groups and residential areas. Logistic regression analysis showed that volunteers with good knowledge were 1.3 and 1.0 times more willing to volunteer and maintain a physical distance than those with less knowledge. Female students were 40% less likely to volunteer than males, yet they were 1.8 times more cautious about practicing protective measures such as washing their hands with soap and water than male students. Classifying the COVID-19 pandemic as a serious infection, urban communities have twice been careful to wear masks outdoors and maintain a social distance of at least 2 m from one another compared to rural inhabitants. CONCLUSION The current survey revealed that medical students have good knowledge regarding COVID-19, a positive attitude towards the use of protective measures, which were necessary to limit the spread of the disease. However, improvement is still required, and community education should occur as usual with a commitment to utilizing all the strategies that can support knowledge to improve and change attitudes as well as practices of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Rashad Salem
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Shaimaa B Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Dina Shaheen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Tarek T Amin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Hatami H, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Malekpour MR, Kolahi AA. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Safety Practices About COVID-19 Among High School Students in Iran During the First Wave of the Pandemic. Front Public Health 2021; 9:680514. [PMID: 34422743 PMCID: PMC8371395 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.680514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: School closures have inevitably deprived students of their traditional source of information. The objective of this study was to determine knowledge, attitudes, and safety practices about COVID-19 among high school students in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted from March 24th-April 3rd, 2020. Data were collected via an online-parent-administrative questionnaire. Results: Responses of 704 students were analyzed. Students' mean (SD) knowledge score was 21.5 (4.6) of 30. More than 90% of students knew about the cause of the disease, the routes of transmission, and the most renowned symptoms: dyspnea and cough. Social-and- audiovisual-media were the leading information source. Most students believed that people need to keep safe physical distancing, everyone should isolate themselves upon symptoms onset, people should avoid unnecessary in-person contact with family and friends, and that cities need to go under lockdowns if needed. Students' mean (SD) practice score was 20.2 (2.5) of 24. Most students did not go on a trip, and more than 80% said they would wear facemasks when going outside. Conclusions: High school students' knowledge and safety practices about COVID-19 were somewhat satisfactory, and their attitudes toward the disease were mainly positive. Nevertheless, some witnessed knowledge gaps, negative attitudes, and unsafe practices in the study highlighted the need for targeted education on the pandemic. Social and mass media's significant role and potential could be utilized to battle misinformation and deliver proper knowledge to young adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hatami
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety and Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Le An P, Huynh G, Nguyen HTN, Pham BDU, Nguyen TV, Tran TTT, Tran TD. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among Healthcare Students in Vietnam. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3405-3413. [PMID: 34466006 PMCID: PMC8403221 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s328677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare students are a force that will aid healthcare workers in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 for this population in Vietnam. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was considered with all students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), Vietnam, between June and August 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to assess KAP towards COVID-19 with response having considerable data missing in the areas of KAP being excluded from the analysis. All data were analysed by using STATA 14 software, to determine the factors associated with preventive practices, and a multivariable regression analysis was performed, along with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 2351 eligible participants completed the survey, 65.6% of whom were female, and their mean age was 21.9 years old (SD = 2.7). Almost all had sufficient knowledge (86.6%) and good preventive practice (92.8%) towards COVID-19; however, there was also a rather low level of positive attitude recorded, at 68.8%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the female participants, and the receiving of information from the official websites, reported a significantly higher level of good practice. Besides, students who had a high level of sufficient knowledge and positive attitude towards COVID-19 were more likely to have good preventive practices (All p<0.001). CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated good preventive practice towards COVID-19; however, sufficient knowledge and positive attitude were lower. Therefore, it is an identified requirement to continue with additional education and training strategies to offer a better understanding and positive viewpoint of the pandemic for all students, including healthcare students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Le An
- Family Medicine Training Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Grant and Innovation Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Giao Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Infection Control Department, University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Duong Uyen Pham
- Department of Educational Quality Assurance, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Social Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tuong Vy Nguyen
- Grant and Innovation Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tam Thao Tuyet Tran
- Family Medicine Training Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Diep Tran
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Knowledge, attitude and practices of community pharmacists regarding COVID-19: A paper-based survey in Vietnam. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255420. [PMID: 34324597 PMCID: PMC8321352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To survey the knowledge, attitude, and practices of Vietnamese pharmacists regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This cross-sectional, paper-based study was conducted from June to August 2020. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84) was used to interview 1,023 pharmacists in nine provinces of Vietnam. Analysis of covariance was employed to identify factors associated with the knowledge of pharmacists. The best model was chosen by using the Bayesian Model Averaging method in R software version 4.0.4. Results The mean knowledge score was 12.02 ± 1.64 (range: 6–15), which indicated that 93.4% of pharmacists had good knowledge of COVID-19. There was no difference in the average score between males and females (p > 0.05). The multivariate linear regression model revealed that the knowledge was significantly associated with pharmacists’ age, education level, and residence (p < 0.001). About attitude and practices, pharmacists daily sought and updated information on the COVID-19 pandemic through mass media and the internet (social network and online newspapers). Nearly 48% of them conceded that they communicated with customers when at least one person did not wear a face mask at the time of the COVID-19 outbreak. At medicine outlets, many measures were applied to protect pharmacists and customers, such as equipping pharmacists with face masks and hand sanitizers (95.0%), using glass shields (83.0%), and maintaining at least one-meter distance between two people (85.2%). Conclusion The pharmacists’ knowledge of COVID-19 transmission, symptoms, and prevention was good. Many useful measures against the spread of this perilous virus were applied in medicine outlets. However, pharmacists should restrict forgetting to wear face masks in communication with medicine purchasers. The government and health agencies should have practical remedies to reduce the significant differences in the COVID-19 knowledge of pharmacists among provinces and education-level groups.
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Adam M, Gameraddin M, Alelyani M, Zaman GS, Musa A, Ahmad I, Alshahrani MY, Alsultan K, Gareeballah A. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Concerning COVID-19 Among Undergraduate Students of Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences at King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Surveyed Study. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2021; 12:789-797. [PMID: 34335069 PMCID: PMC8318705 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s314163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has exerted great efforts to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This research aims to scrutinize the outlook, awareness, and customs of Saudi undergraduate students regarding COVID-19. METHODS The current cross-sectional study comprises 178 undergraduate students in the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences. The data were collected from online Google form questionnaires. The differences were picked out of the questionnaires, and the mean scores of the differences were duly assessed. The variables associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 were evaluated; moreover, a comparative study was conducted on these variables in different faculty departments. ANOVA, Student's t-test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to assess the data on knowledge, attitude, and practice. RESULTS Most of the undergraduate students were well acquainted with COVID-19. We obtained the mean knowledge score for COVID-19 to be 3.08 ± .82 (range: 1-5), indicating good knowledge. The attitude means the score was 3.02 ± .61 (range: 0-4), implying good positive attitudes. On assessing the mean score of practices, it was found 5 ± .47 (range: 0-7), pointing towards perfect practices. There were no significant differences between males and females regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward COVID-19 (p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION Students of Applied Medical Sciences are knowledgeable about COVID-19. Health education programs should be focused on protection and safety from COVID-19 for Applied Medical Sciences students, especially Medical Rehabilitation Sciences and Radiology. Hand hygiene awareness programs must be conducted for undergraduate students. Infection control should be part of the undergraduate applied for medical sciences curriculum program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adam
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moawia Gameraddin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbool Alelyani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaffar Sarwar Zaman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alamin Musa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Alsultan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Awadia Gareeballah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Perwitasari DA, Faridah IN, Dania H, Lolita L, Irham LM, Alim MDM, Shoaliha M, Heriyanto MJ. The knowledge of COVID-19 treatments, behaviors, and attitudes of providing the information on COVID-19 treatments: Perspectives of pharmacy students. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:235. [PMID: 34395672 PMCID: PMC8318149 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1416_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing community awareness about the transmission and treatment of COVID-19 will stop the spread of the virus. Pharmacy students are the potential facilitator to give community education about COVID-19 treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pharmacy students' knowledge of COVID-19 treatment, behavior, and attitude of providing the information about COVID-19 treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted cross-sectional study, recruiting 429 pharmacy students from three schools of pharmacy in Indonesia. The questionnaire about the knowledge of COVID-19 treatment, behavior, and attitude of providing the information on COVID-19 treatment met the validity and reliability criteria. We defined the proportion of knowledge, behavior, and attitude of the students using SPSS® version 22. RESULTS Most of the students are in the earlier years (46.63%), female (84.15%), find the information about COVID-19 from many sources of media (85.08%) including scientific articles and know information about COVID-19 transmission around their life area (76.46%). The students' knowledge about antiviral and plasma convalescent is good (>70%), the positive behaviors are related to the COVID-19 treatment information regarding to the antiviral and the provision of Vitamin C (>50%), and the positive attitude are related to giving information about the use of avigan®, plasma convalescent, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and immunomodulator (>50%). CONCLUSIONS As a future pharmacist, the knowledge of pharmacy students about COVID-19 treatment needs to be improved since earlier years. Furthermore, using the good knowledge about COVID-19 treatment, the positive behavior and attitude of providing information of the students, the community behavior and attitude will be improved. The high year students have a tendency for the good knowledge and positive behavior and attitude of providing the information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Imaniar Noor Faridah
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Haafizah Dania
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lolita Lolita
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Maratun Shoaliha
- Department of Pharmacy,School of Health Science Bani Saleh, Bekasi, Indonesia
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Tegegne GT, Kefale B, Engidaw MT, Degu A, Tesfa D, Ewunetei A, Yazie TS, Molla M. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Healthcare Providers Toward Novel Coronavirus 19 During the First Months of the Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:606666. [PMID: 34249826 PMCID: PMC8267791 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.606666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious viral infection that has spread to every corner of the world. Lack of knowledge among healthcare providers (HCPs) about diseases such as COVID-19 may delay the diagnosis, disease spread, and produce poor infection control practices. Hence, this systematic review aimed to summarize the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of HCPs toward COVID-19 during the first months of the pandemic. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020191742). A relevant article search was performed on EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Google Scholar database. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The median percentage of HCPs with good KAP was computed. Results: Twenty studies involving 12,072 HCPs were included in the review process. Median percentages of 75.8% (IQR: 69.3-87.7%), 74.6% (IQR: 54.4-74.6), and 79.8% (IQR: 67.0-79.8%) of HCPs had good knowledge, and positive attitude and practice, respectively. Although the reported risk factors were inconsistent among studies, age, gender, level of education, experience, infection prevention training, and sources of information were associated with knowledge of HCPs. In addition, being elderly, having a high level of education, absence of chronic illness, and good knowledge and practice were significantly associated with the attitude of HCPs. Further, types of profession, experience, age, level of education, use of personnel protective equipment, and gender were significantly associated with the practice of HCPs. Conclusions: Approximately, three-fourths of HCPs had good knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 during the first months of the pandemic, although the percentage of HCPs was inconsistent in different study settings. In addition, associated factors of KAP were inconsistent among studies; hence, stake holders should target locally identified risk factors to design relevant education packages and infection prevention training to halt the rapid transmission of COVID-19. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020191742, identifier: CRD42020191742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobezie T. Tegegne
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Belayneh Kefale
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit and Research Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Tadege Engidaw
- Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amsalu Degu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Desalegn Tesfa
- Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amien Ewunetei
- Pharmacology Unit and Research Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Taklo Simeneh Yazie
- Pharmacology Unit and Research Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Pharmacology Unit and Research Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Chukwuocha UM, Iwuoha GN, Ashinze OF, Njoku PU, Obasi CC, Adey EI, Dozie INS. Drug Shop Intervention to Enhance Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Patent Medicine Vendors for the Control of COVID-19 In Southeastern Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 105:387-394. [PMID: 34148028 PMCID: PMC8437174 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug shops are the first point of care for most community members in low-resource countries. Because of symptomatic similarities with common illnesses such as malaria, probable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases may seek care at drug shops, where the knowledge and skills required to handle it may be lacking, thereby fostering community spread of the disease. This single-arm study provided an intervention to improve COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude, and practices of patent medicine vendors (PMVs) in 97 participating drug shops selected through cluster sampling in Owerri, southeastern Nigeria. The intervention involved a drug shop sensitization using information, education, and communication material, as well as training on the use of a risk assessment checklist to identify probable COVID-19 cases and to take appropriate action. Data were collected to determine the effect of this intervention using a pre-tested questionnaire and practice observation checklist, first at baseline and then 3 months post-intervention. Data analysis involved exploratory analysis and the t-test to determine pre- and post-intervention mean score differences at the 5% α level. There was post-intervention knowledge improvement on the COVID-19 causative pathogen (98.1% post-intervention versus 61.9% pre-intervention) and disease transmissibility from person to person (95.9% post-intervention versus 81.4% pre-intervention) among other knowledge domains. There was significant post-intervention improvement for positive attitude, with a mean gain score of 2.8 ± 1.7 (t = 4.4, P = 0.005), and preventive practices, with a mean gain score of 6.0 ± 4.7 (t = 4.1, P = 0.007). Engaging patent medicine vendors in the pandemic response plans through targeted interventions such as drug shop intervention could prove vital in the fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchechukwu Madukaku Chukwuocha
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
- Address correspondence to Uchechukwu Madukaku Chukwuocha, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, PMB 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. E-mail:
| | - Gregory Ndubeze Iwuoha
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Onyeka Francis Ashinze
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Chidera Chisom Obasi
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Evelyn Ifezue Adey
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
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Alrasheedy AA, Abdulsalim S, Farooqui M, Alsahali S, Godman B. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Its Psychological Impact on Students and Their Studies: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:729-741. [PMID: 33654441 PMCID: PMC7910083 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s292354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards preventive and precautionary measures of COVID-19 are essential to control the spread of the disease. Consequently, the aims of the study were to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacy students towards the pandemic and to assess its psychological impact on them to provide future guidance. Methods A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted via a web-based survey in May 2020. All pharmacy students enrolled at Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, were invited to take part in the study. Results A total of 232 out of 460 students took part in the study, giving a response rate of 50.43%. The mean total knowledge score was 9.87 ± 2.04 (maximum attainable score, 12). The majority of the participants (n=163; 70.3%) believed COVID-19 is a health threat to their community in the early months of the pandemic. Moreover, the majority (93%) also believed that the lockdown at the beginning of the pandemic was necessary to contain the pandemic. Encouragingly, 86.6% reported that they did not go to any crowded places during the pandemic with more female students avoiding crowded places compared to male students (91.6% versus 78.7%, respectively, P = 0.005). The majority (91%) also reported that they were following the strategies recommended by the authorities to prevent the spread of the virus. Encouragingly, 54.3% reported that the pandemic either had no effect or just a limited effect on their studies. However, 38.5% reported that they always felt or frequently felt nervous or anxious during the pandemic. Conclusion The study showed that pharmacy students had good knowledge as well as positive attitudes and good practices towards COVID-19 and the preventive measures. However, during the early months, the pandemic did have a negative psychological impact on a number of students. Consequently, proactive psychological and social support services to the students should be considered during the current and future pandemics. In addition, it is important to consider and proactively address key issues that could cause stress and anxiety among students when shifting to distance learning and assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alian A Alrasheedy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhaj Abdulsalim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Farooqui
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alsahali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian Godman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Al-Saffar H, Aljazzar R, Al-Saffar A. Pharmacy practice in COVID-19 from a Middle Eastern and African perspective: A narrative review. IBNOSINA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_58_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Archila PA, Danies G, Molina J, Truscott de Mejía AM, Restrepo S. Towards Covid-19 Literacy: Investigating the Literacy Levels of University Students in Colombia. SCIENCE & EDUCATION 2021; 30:785-808. [PMID: 33897108 PMCID: PMC8054251 DOI: 10.1007/s11191-021-00222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Covid-19 literacy, induced by the coronavirus disease (2019), is characterized as the understanding of Covid-19 as well as informed decisions based upon this understanding. This type of literacy is closely related to health literacy, scientific literacy, and scientific media literacy. It may be obvious to say that Covid-19 literacy is a key factor for governments to effectively manage the Covid-19 transition. However, lack of literature exists about Covid-19 literacy among university students. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the Covid-19 literacy level among 4168 students from a Colombian university. The data were derived from students' responses to a 25-item anonymous online self-reporting questionnaire. We found that 21-25-year age group, graduate students, students enrolled prior to 2015, and medical students had a significantly higher mean score. Moreover, the Internet (86.8%) was the most popular source of information from which participants gained most information regarding Covid-19. Furthermore, 58.5% of the participants considered health workers as a source that can provide accurate information. Most importantly, the findings reveal the students' knowledge about (1) the role of an eventual process of vaccination, (2) the test currently used as diagnostic for Covid-19, and (3) the fatality rate, three aspects of Covid-19 literacy that deserve more attention. The findings provide a useful basis for the formulation of policies and concrete actions in improving Covid-19 literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Antonio Archila
- Vice-Presidency of Research and Creation, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giovanna Danies
- Department of Design, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge Molina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Silvia Restrepo
- Vice-Presidency of Research and Creation, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Yuan T, Liu H, Li XD, Liu HR. Factors Affecting Infection Control Behaviors to Prevent COVID-19: An Online Survey of Nursing Students in Anhui, China in March and April 2020. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925877. [PMID: 33040074 PMCID: PMC7559373 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major public health challenge all over the world. People’s knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors about diseases affect the degree of adherence to control measures. This study aimed to survey the affecting factors of COVID-19 prevention behavior among nursing students in China. Material/Methods Six-hundred thirteen nursing students in Anhui, China participated in an online survey from March 30 to April 5, 2020. The survey collected demographic information, electronic health (eHealth) literacy, COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and prevention behavior data using descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression to analyze the data. Results The mean age of study participants was 20.88 years, of which 31.8% were male (n=613). Television (84.9%) and WeChat (79.6%) were the major sources of their information. Nursing students had good knowledge (14.68±2.83), had positive attitudes (4.03±0.59), had good practices (3.92±0.65), and had basic eHealth literacy (30.45±6.90). Nursing students with higher eHealth literacy (odds ratio [OR]=0.89, P<0.01), good knowledge (OR=0.89, P<0.01), and positive attitudes (OR=0.24, P<0.01) took more preventive behaviors. Students living in the countryside (OR=0.09, P<0.01) and of a young age (OR=1.51, P<0.05) seldom took preventive actions. Men, compared with women, were less likely to take preventive measures. (OR=1.44, P<0.05). Conclusions Good eHealth literacy, good knowledge, and a positive attitude were the most important variables that affected the prevention behavior against COVID-19. Targeted health education should be conducted for male students and students living in the countryside by providing reliable and effective online sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hemodialysis, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Xiang Dong Li
- Department of Gerontology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Hai Rong Liu
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Bragazzi NL, Mansour M, Bonsignore A, Ciliberti R. The Role of Hospital and Community Pharmacists in the Management of COVID-19: Towards an Expanded Definition of the Roles, Responsibilities, and Duties of the Pharmacist. PHARMACY 2020; 8:E140. [PMID: 32784696 PMCID: PMC7558051 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy8030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since late December 2019, a novel, emerging coronavirus was identified as the infectious agent responsible for a generally mild but sometimes severe and even life-threatening disease, termed as "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19). The pathogen was initially named as "2019 novel coronavirus" (2019-nCoV) and later renamed as "Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus type 2" (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 quickly spread from the first epicenter, the city of Wuhan, province of Hubei, mainland China, into neighboring countries, and became a global pandemic. As of July 15th 2020, the outbreak is still ongoing, with SARS-CoV-2 affecting 213 countries and territories. The coronavirus has caused a dramatic toll of deaths and imposed a severe burden, both from a societal and economic point of view. COVID-19 has challenged health systems, straining and overwhelming healthcare facilities and settings, including hospital and community pharmacies. On the other hand, COVID-19 has propelled several changes. During the last decades, pharmacy has shifted from being products-based and patient-facing to being services-based and patient-centered. Pharmacies have transitioned from being compounding centers devoted to the manipulation of materia medica to pharmaceutical centers, clinical pharmacies and fully integrated "medical-pharmaceutical networks", providing a significant range of non-prescribing services. Moreover, roles, duties and responsibilities of pharmacists have paralleled such historical changes and have known a gradual expansion, incorporating new skills and reflecting new societal demands and challenges. The COVID-19 outbreak has unearthed new opportunities for pharmacists: community and hospital pharmacists have, indeed, played a key role during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that a fully integrated, inter-sectoral and inter-professional collaboration is necessary to face crises and public health emergencies. Preliminary, emerging evidence seems to suggest that, probably, a new era in the history of pharmacies ("the post-COVID-19 post-pharmaceutical care era") has begun, with community pharmacists acquiring more professional standing, being authentic heroes and frontline health workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Public Health, Genoa University, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mansour
- Department of Surgery A, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Faculty of Medicine of the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 5290002, Israel;
- Division of General Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Alessandro Bonsignore
- Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Rosagemma Ciliberti
- Section of History of Medicine and Bioethics, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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