1
|
Fatima S, Arshad S, Farooq Z, Sharif S. "Religious Coping Fosters Mental Health": Does Psychological Capital Enable Pakistani Engineers to Translate Religious Coping into Mental Wellbeing? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02075-8. [PMID: 38904718 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Turning toward religion to make sense of and cope with challenging circumstances is an area of interest for many recent researchers working on wellbeing and mental health. The present study extends this interest by assessing whether psychological capital explains the association between religious coping and mental wellbeing in Pakistani engineers. Psychological capital was assessed from four factors, namely optimism, resilience, hope, and self-efficacy. A sample of 501 Muslim engineers from Pakistan (M age = 33.41, SD = 6.37 years) was assessed on measures of religious coping, psychological capital, and mental wellbeing. Results from correlation and a multimediation model showed that positive religious coping was positively predictive of mental wellbeing and psychological capital; however, negative religious coping remained insignificant for mental wellbeing. Further analysis showed that of four psychological capital factors, only self-efficacy explained the positive association between positive religious coping and mental wellbeing. Implications of the findings along with future directions have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shameem Fatima
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Samra Arshad
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaeema Farooq
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mahat-Shamir M, Zychlinski E, Kagan M. Psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: An integrative perspective. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293189. [PMID: 37883473 PMCID: PMC10602244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Informed by socio-ecological psychology and the conservation of resources model, the present study proposes an integrative perspective on the association between psychological distress and a constellation of factors, during the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel. Our sample, comprised of 991 adult participants, was measured for psychological distress, locus of control (internal/ external), resilience, loneliness, social support, dimensions of citizens' trust in government organizations (perceived competence, benevolence, and integrity), and demographic characteristics. The findings showed that women, non-religious people, and the unemployed reported higher levels of psychological distress. Internal locus of control, resilience, social support, and the extent to which citizens perceive government organizations as benevolent were negatively associated with psychological distress. Self-reported loneliness and external locus of control positively predicted the level of respondent psychological distress. No association was detected between age, competence and integrity and psychological distress. An overview of the research findings indicates that individuals with greater resources were less likely to suffer from psychological distress during the COVID-19 outbreak. These findings call upon mental health care practitioners to help as well as to enable clients to attain resources in order to lower their levels of psychological distress. Policies developed by policymakers during periods of acute crisis should consider the specific needs and vulnerabilities of certain population groups, including women and the unemployed who may be more susceptible to psychological distress. It is also important for policymakers to be aware that the perception of democratic governments as benevolent can serve as a buffer against psychological distress during times of crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maya Kagan
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pankowski D, Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska K. Turning to Religion During COVID-19 (Part II): A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Studies on the Relationship between Religious Coping and Mental Health throughout COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:544-584. [PMID: 36595190 PMCID: PMC9808764 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the many associated socio-economic changes constitute a stressful event that required adaptation to new, dynamic, and often threatening conditions. According to the literature, coping strategies are one of the factors that determine a person's degree of adaptation to stressful situations. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on the relationship between religious coping and selected indicators of mental health. Due to the large amount of data, this work has been divided into two parts: Part I discussed the positive mental health indicators (Pankowski & Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska, 2023), while this Part II discusses negative mental health indicators. A systematic review of the databases of Science Direct, EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar identified 33 articles related to the severity of depressive symptoms: 30 to anxiety, 23 to stress, 1 related to PTSD symptoms and peritraumatic stress, and 5 related to general negative mental health. The limitations of the research as well as further directions for exploration are discussed.Clinical trial registration This Review was pre-registered at OSF: osf.io/54ygr ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GMNFV ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pankowski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pankowski D, Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska K. Turning to Religion During COVID-19 (Part I): A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Studies on the Relationship Between Religious Coping and Mental Health Throughout COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:510-543. [PMID: 36592322 PMCID: PMC9807105 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the many associated socio-economic changes constitute a stressful event that required adaptation to new, dynamic, and often threatening conditions. According to the literature, coping strategies are one of the factors that determine a person's degree of adaptation to stressful situations. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on the relationship between religious coping and selected indicators of mental health. Due to the large amount of data, this work has been divided into two parts: this first part discusses positive mental health indicators, while the second discusses negative mental health indicators (Pankowski & Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska, 2023). A systematic review of PubMed, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and Google Scholar databases was carried out. In addition to the synthesis of information obtained from the research, a meta-analysis of correlation was also performed to determine the strengths of the relationships between the analysed variables, and selected moderators were assessed using meta-regression. Quality of life, well-being, satisfaction with life, happiness, and post-traumatic growth were the positive mental health indicators considered. Meta-analyses indicated a statistically significant relationship between positive religious coping and flourishing (well-being) with overall correlation values of 0.35 [0.30; 0.40]. Further calculations also indicated a relationship between negative religious coping and flourishing - 0.25 [- 0.34; - 0.15]. Data synthesis shows associations between religious coping and such indicators as satisfaction with life and post-traumatic growth, but these issues require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pankowski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng C, Ying W. A meta-analytic review of the associations between dimensions of religious coping and psychological symptoms during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1097598. [PMID: 36741121 PMCID: PMC9894651 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1097598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the unknown etiology and treatment of the highly transmissible coronavirus posed considerable threats to public mental health. Many people around the globe turned to religion as an attempt to mitigate their heightened psychological distress, but mixed findings have been obtained regarding the association between the use of religious coping and two psychological symptoms-anxiety and depressive symptoms-widely reported in the initial wave. OBJECTIVE The present meta-analysis was conducted to resolve the empirical inconsistency by synthesizing this body of studies and identifying both individual and national-level factors that accounted for the inconsistent findings. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, the literature search and data screening procedures yielded 42 eligible studies, with 25,438 participants (58% females, average age = 36.50 years) from 24 countries spanning seven world regions. RESULTS Overall, the results showed that only negative religious coping was positively associated with psychological symptoms (r = 0.2886, p < 0.0001). Although the associations of both general and positive religious coping with psychological symptoms were non-significant (rs = 0.0425 and -0.0240, ps > 0.39), the moderation analysis revealed significant positive associations between positive religious coping and psychological symptoms in two demographic groups who experienced greater pandemic distress than their counterparts: younger participants and female participants. DISCUSSION This meta-analysis provides a nuanced understanding of the complex nature of religious coping in the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic when the levels of public anxiety and stress were heightened. The exclusive use of religious coping may not be associated with low levels of psychological symptoms, implying the importance of supplementing the deployment of this strategy with an array of other strategies. Therapists of mental health interventions should show their clients how to make good use of positive religious coping together with other strategies, and how to avoid the use of negative religious coping, to handle their psychological problems. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://osf.io/shb32/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cheng
- Social and Health Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weijun Ying
- Department of Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bello UM, Kannan P, Chutiyami M, Salihu D, Cheong AMY, Miller T, Pun JW, Muhammad AS, Mahmud FA, Jalo HA, Ali MU, Kolo MA, Sulaiman SK, Lawan A, Bello IM, Gambo AA, Winser SJ. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among the General Population in Africa During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:814981. [PMID: 35655463 PMCID: PMC9152218 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.814981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical and socio-economic uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic have had a substantial impact on mental health. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature reporting the prevalence of anxiety and depression among the general populace in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine associated risk factors. Methods A systematic search of the following databases African Journal Online, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted from database inception until 30th September 2021. Studies reporting the prevalence of anxiety and/or depression among the general populace in African settings were considered for inclusion. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Meta-analyses on prevalence rates were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. Results Seventy-eight primary studies (62,380 participants) were identified from 2,325 studies via electronic and manual searches. Pooled prevalence rates for anxiety (47%, 95% CI: 40-54%, I2 = 99.19%) and depression (48%, 95% CI: 39-57%, I2 = 99.45%) were reported across Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sex (female) and history of existing medical/chronic conditions were identified as major risk factors for anxiety and depression. Conclusions The evidence put forth in this synthesis demonstrates the substantial impact of the pandemic on the pervasiveness of these psychological symptoms among the general population. Governments and stakeholders across continental Africa should therefore prioritize the allocation of available resources to institute educational programs and other intervention strategies for preventing and ameliorating universal distress and promoting psychological wellbeing. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021228023, PROSPERO CRD42021228023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Muhammad Bello
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Physiotherapy, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Priya Kannan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Muhammad Chutiyami
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health and Management, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dauda Salihu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Allen M. Y. Cheong
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tiev Miller
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joe Wing Pun
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Fatima Ado Mahmud
- Physiotherapy Department, Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammed Usman Ali
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Aliyu Lawan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Stanley John Winser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fatima S, Mehmood N, Shakil M. Mediated Associations Between Religious Coping, Self-Regulation, and Psychological Distress Vary for Young Muslim Men and Women in Lahore, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:109-124. [PMID: 34480690 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to assess the direct, mediated, and conditional mediated associations among religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress in young Muslim adults while analyzing gender as a moderator of these mediated associations. Based on a sample of 247 young adults from Lahore, Pakistan (M age = 21.31, SD = 2.40; 51% women, 49% men), it was found that self-regulation mediated the negative associations of positive religious coping with stress and anxiety and the positive association of negative religious coping with stress. Further, it was found that mediated associations were stronger and significant in young men compared to women. The implications of the findings concerning gender differences in association between religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shameem Fatima
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Nida Mehmood
- Department of Psychology, Govt. College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muneeba Shakil
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kira IA, Shuwiekh HA, Alhuwailah A, Balaghi D. Does COVID-19 Type III Continuous Existential Trauma Deplete the Traditional Coping, Diminish Health and Mental Health, and Kindle Spirituality?: An Exploratory Study on Arab Countries. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2021.2006501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A. Kira
- Center for Cumulative Trauma Studies, Stone Mountain, GA, USA
- Affiliate of Center for Stress, Trauma and Resiliency, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|