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Huynh HP, Dicke-Bohmann A, Zsila Á. Conservatism, anti-vaccination attitudes, and intellectual humility: examining their associations through a social judgment theory framework. J Behav Med 2024; 47:184-196. [PMID: 37848749 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has consistently found that more political conservatism is related to higher anti-vaccination attitudes. However, little work has investigated how intellectual humility could potentially contribute to this relationship. Employing the social judgment theory of attitude change, we examined whether conservatism could mediate the association between intellectual humility and anti-vaccination attitudes. Participants (N = 1,293; 40.1% female; Mage = 38.23 years, SDage = 11.61, range of age was 18-78) completed a multifaceted measure of intellectual humility, an assessment of four types of anti-vaccination attitudes, and a measure of political orientation. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that decreased levels of most aspects of intellectual humility (i.e., independence of intellect and ego, openness to revising one's viewpoint, and lack of intellectual overconfidence) are associated with more conservative political views, which in turn is associated with stronger anti-vaccination attitudes, particularly worries about unforeseen future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity. These findings suggest that intellectual humility could reflect one's latitude widths, thereby predicting their openness to vaccine massaging, and thus may play an important role in addressing anti-vaccination attitudes, especially when politics is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Phi Huynh
- Department of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University - San Antonio, San Antonio, 78224, USA.
| | - Amy Dicke-Bohmann
- Department of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University - San Antonio, San Antonio, 78224, USA
| | - Ágnes Zsila
- Institute of Psychology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Jacobs J, Walsh JL, Valencia J, DiFranceisco W, Hirschtick JL, Hunt BR, Quinn KG, Benjamins MR. Associations Between Religiosity and Medical Mistrust: An Age-Stratified Analysis of Survey Data from Black Adults in Chicago. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01979-1. [PMID: 38514511 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01979-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Medical mistrust is associated with poor health outcomes, ineffective disease management, lower utilization of preventive care, and lack of engagement in research. Mistrust of healthcare systems, providers, and institutions may be driven by previous negative experiences and discrimination, especially among communities of color, but religiosity may also influence the degree to which individuals develop trust with the healthcare system. The Black community has a particularly deep history of strong religious communities, and has been shown to have a stronger relationship with religion than any other racial or ethnic group. In order to address poor health outcomes in communities of color, it is important to understand the drivers of medical mistrust, which may include one's sense of religiosity. The current study used data from a cross-sectional survey of 537 Black individuals living in Chicago to understand the relationship between religiosity and medical mistrust, and how this differs by age group. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data for our sample. Adjusted stratified linear regressions, including an interaction variable for age group and religiosity, were used to model the association between religiosity and medical mistrust for younger and older people. The results show a statistically significant relationship for younger individuals. Our findings provide evidence for the central role the faith-based community may play in shaping young peoples' perceptions of medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Jacobs
- Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, 1500 S. Fairfield Ave, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jesus Valencia
- Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, 1500 S. Fairfield Ave, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
| | - Wayne DiFranceisco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jana L Hirschtick
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Health Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bijou R Hunt
- Sinai Infectious Disease Center, Sinai Health System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine G Quinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Maureen R Benjamins
- Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, 1500 S. Fairfield Ave, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
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Moriarty KL, Oyenuga RO, Olafuyi O, Schwartz DA. Causes and Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant Women and its Association with Adverse Maternal, Placental, and Perinatal Outcomes. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2024; 97:73-84. [PMID: 38559465 PMCID: PMC10964823 DOI: 10.59249/lpoq5146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Populations identified to be severely affected by COVID-19, such as pregnant patients, require special consideration in vaccine counseling, access, and provider education. Maternal infection with COVID-19 poses a significant risk to the maternal-fetal dyad with known adverse placenta destruction [1-5]. Despite the widespread access and availability of vaccinations, vaccine hesitancy continues to persist and is highly prevalent in pregnant populations [6-9]. Addressing the multitude of social ecological factors surrounding vaccine hesitancy can aid in providing holistic counseling [10]. However, such factors are foremost shaped by maternal concern over possible fetal effects from vaccination. While changes in policy can help foster vaccine access and acceptance, increasing global provider education and incorporation of motivational interviewing skills are the first steps towards increasing maternal acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Lee Moriarty
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University
of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Roselyn O. Oyenuga
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University
of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Olatoyosi Olafuyi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University
of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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Saiya N, Manchanda S, Wadidi R. Did Religious Freedom Exacerbate COVID-19? A Global Analysis. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37016074 PMCID: PMC10072800 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Did countries that became more repressive of religion during the COVID-19 pandemic, experience more COVID-19 cases and associated fatalities than countries that did not restrict religious freedom? As the pandemic raged across the world, many houses of worship defied governmental orders against public worship, leading many pundits, policy makers, and critics of religion to express concern that churches, mosques, synagogues, and other houses of worship would become incubators of COVID-19. In this view, religious freedom was seen as an obstacle to combatting the virus. In this article, we evaluate this proposition. We find that countries that maintained their levels of religious freedom throughout the pandemic were not more likely to witness higher rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths from COVID-19. The results are robust to a number of different model specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Saiya
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Rahmat Wadidi
- S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Singapore, Singapore
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Shaaban R, Ghazy RM, Elsherif F, Ali N, Yakoub Y, Aly MO, ElMakhzangy R, Abdou MS, McKinna B, Elzorkany AM, Abdullah F, Alnagar A, ElTaweel N, Alharthi M, Mohsin A, Ordóñez-Cruickshank A, Toniolo B, Grafolin T, Aye TT, Goh YZ, Deghidy EA, Bahri S, Sappayabanphot J, Elhadi YAM, Mohammed S, El-Deen AN, Ismail I, ElHafeez SA, Elbarazi I, Saddik B, El-Khatib Z, Mohsin H, Kamal A. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Social Media Users: A Content Analysis, Multi-Continent Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5737. [PMID: 35565132 PMCID: PMC9101365 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is defined as a delayed in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccination services. This multinational study examined user interaction with social media about COVID-19 vaccination. The study analyzed social media comments in 24 countries from five continents. In total, 5856 responses were analyzed; 83.5% of comments were from Facebook, while 16.5% were from Twitter. In Facebook, the overall vaccine acceptance was 40.3%; the lowest acceptance rates were evident in Jordan (8.5%), Oman (15.0%), Senegal (20.0%) and Morocco (20.7%) and the continental acceptance rate was the lowest in North America 22.6%. In Twitter, the overall acceptance rate was (41.5%); the lowest acceptance rate was found in Oman (14.3%), followed by USA (20.5%), and UK (23.3%) and the continental acceptance rate was the lowest in North America (20.5%), and Europe (29.7%). The differences in vaccine acceptance across countries and continents in Facebook and Twitter were statistically significant. Regarding the tone of the comments, in Facebook, countries that had the highest number of serious tone comments were Sweden (90.9%), USA (61.3%), and Thailand (58.8%). At continent level, serious comments were the highest in Asia (58.4%), followed by Africa (46.2%) and South America (46.2%). In Twitter, the highest serious tone was reported in Egypt (72.2%) while at continental level, the highest proportion of serious comments was observed in Asia (59.7%), followed by Europe (46.5%). The differences in tone across countries and continents in Facebook and Twitter and were statistically significant. There was a significant association between the tone and the position of comments. We concluded that the overall vaccine acceptance in social media was relatively low and varied across the studied countries and continents. Consequently, more in-depth studies are required to address causes of such VH and combat infodemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Shaaban
- Department of Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84321, USA;
| | - Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Fawzia Elsherif
- Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Nancy Ali
- Department of Communications Media, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA; (N.A.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Youssef Yakoub
- Department of Communications Media, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA; (N.A.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Maged Osama Aly
- Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Rony ElMakhzangy
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt;
| | - Marwa Shawky Abdou
- Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Bonny McKinna
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (B.M.); (A.O.-C.); (Y.Z.G.)
| | - Amira Mohamed Elzorkany
- Training and Biostatistics Administration, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Fatimah Abdullah
- Internal Medicine Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt;
| | - Amr Alnagar
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Nashwa ElTaweel
- University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK;
| | - Majed Alharthi
- Faculty of Communication and Media, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Mohsin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering, Wraith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala 56001, Iraq;
| | - Ana Ordóñez-Cruickshank
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (B.M.); (A.O.-C.); (Y.Z.G.)
| | - Bianca Toniolo
- LabCom Research Unit, University of Beira Interior, Foundation for Science and Technology, 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal; (B.T.); (T.G.)
| | - Tâmela Grafolin
- LabCom Research Unit, University of Beira Interior, Foundation for Science and Technology, 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal; (B.T.); (T.G.)
| | - Thit Thit Aye
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Yong Zhin Goh
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (B.M.); (A.O.-C.); (Y.Z.G.)
| | - Ehsan Akram Deghidy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt;
| | - Siti Bahri
- Pharmacy Department, Rompin Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 62590 Putrajaya, Malaysia;
| | - Jarntrah Sappayabanphot
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi
- Department of Public Health, Medical Research Office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Salma Mohammed
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Ahmed Nour El-Deen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Ismail Ismail
- Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait City 13115, Kuwait;
| | - Samar Abd ElHafeez
- Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Basema Saddik
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ziad El-Khatib
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Hiba Mohsin
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala 56001, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt;
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