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Wang X, Wei H, Wang P. Adolescents High in Callous-Unemotional Traits are Prone to be Bystanders: The Roles of Moral Disengagement, Moral Identity, and Perceived Social Support. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01709-y. [PMID: 38739301 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Bystanders are the most common role that adolescents play in bullying episodes, they have considerable influence on the formation of the victim's experience and the perpetrator's behavior. Based on the social-cognitive model, the current study examined the mediating role of moral disengagement in the association between callous-unemotional traits and bystander behavior and the moderating roles of moral identity and perceived social support. Participants included 2,286 Chinese adolescents aged 11-16 years (49.3% boys; Mage = 13.46, SDage = 0.93). The study showed callous-unemotional traits were significantly and positively associated with bystander behavior and this relation was partially mediated by moral disengagement. Moral identity moderated the relation between callous-unemotional traits and moral disengagement as well as callous-unemotional traits and bystander behavior. Perceived social support moderated in the direct and indirect associations between callous-unemotional traits and bystander behavior via moral disengagement. The relation between callous-unemotional traits and moral disengagement and the relation between callous-unemotional traits and bystander behavior became weaker for adolescents with high perceived social support. Surprisingly, the relation between moral disengagement and bystander behavior became stronger for adolescents with a high level of perceived social support. The results supported two specific patterns of perceived social support: stress-buffering and reverse stress-buffering. The present study contributes to our understanding of the key mechanisms underlying the association between callous-unemotional traits and adolescents' bystander behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchao Wang
- School of Educational Science, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Huibin Wei
- School of Educational Science, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Media & Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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2
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Meehan ZM, Hubbard JA, Moore CC, Mlawer F. Susceptibility to peer influence in adolescents: Associations between psychophysiology and behavior. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:69-81. [PMID: 36148857 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated in-the-moment links between adolescents' autonomic nervous system activity and susceptibility to three types of peer influence (indirect, direct, continuing) on two types of behavior (antisocial, prosocial). The sample included 144 racially ethnically diverse adolescents (46% male, 53% female, 1% other; M age = 16.02 years). We assessed susceptibility to peer influence behaviorally using the Public Goods Game (PGG) while measuring adolescents' mean heart rate (MHR) and pre-ejection period (PEP). Three key findings emerged from bivariate dual latent change score modeling: (1) adolescents whose MHR increased more as they transitioned from playing the PGG alone (pre-influence) to playing while simply observed by peers (indirect influence) displayed more prosocial behavior; (2) adolescents whose PEP activity increased more (greater PEP activity = shorter PEP latency) as they transitioned from indirect influence to being encouraged by peers to engage in antisocial behavior (direct influence) engaged in more antisocial behavior; and (3) adolescents whose PEP activity decreased less as they transitioned from direct influence on prosocial behavior to playing the PGG alone again (continuing influence) displayed more continuing prosocial behavior (marginal effect). The discussion focuses on the role of psychophysiology in understanding adolescents' susceptibility to peer influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Meehan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Delaware, 105 The Green, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE19716, USA
| | - Julie A Hubbard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Delaware, 105 The Green, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE19716, USA
| | - Christina C Moore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Delaware, 105 The Green, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE19716, USA
| | - Fanny Mlawer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Delaware, 105 The Green, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE19716, USA
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3
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Agudelo Rico D, Panesso Giraldo C, Arbeláez Caro JS, Cabrera Gutiérrez G, Isaac V, Escobar MJ, Herrera E. Moral Disengagement in Adolescent Offenders: Its Relationship with Antisocial Behavior and Its Presence in Offenders of the Law and School Norms. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:70. [PMID: 38255383 PMCID: PMC10814029 DOI: 10.3390/children11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on understanding the relationship between moral disengagement mechanisms in adolescents who engage in law-breaking activities and those who violate school norms. To do so, we administered the Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Scale (MMDS), which evaluates moral justification, euphemistic labeling, advantageous comparison, deflection of responsibility, diffusion of responsibility, distortion of consequences, dehumanization, and attribution of blame, to 366 adolescents (60.1% males (n = 220) and 39.9% females (n = 146)). Our results confirmed the hypothesis that law-breaking adolescents presented a higher degree of moral disengagement than those adolescents who violate school norms. Additionally, we found that adolescents who violated school norms displayed significantly higher levels of dehumanization than the controls, and law-breaking adolescents obtained the highest score in this domain. Our findings allow us to suggest that the presence of the dehumanization mechanism in adolescents who violate school norms could be used as an early indicator of the emergence of antisocial behaviors, since this was the only component of moral disengagement that significantly differentiated this group from the controls in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Panesso Giraldo
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 2580335, Chile; (C.P.G.); (V.I.)
| | | | - Germán Cabrera Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación, Corporación Universitaria Empresarial Alexander Von Humboldt, Armenia 63001, Colombia;
| | - Valeria Isaac
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 2580335, Chile; (C.P.G.); (V.I.)
| | - María Josefina Escobar
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 2580335, Chile; (C.P.G.); (V.I.)
| | - Eduar Herrera
- Universidad Icesi, Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Cali 760031, Colombia
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Gürpınar B, Sarı IH, Yıldırım H. Perceived coach-created empowering and disempowering motivational climate and moral behaviour in sport: mediating role of moral disengagement. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:820-832. [PMID: 37641568 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2240614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Based on Duda's (2013) hierarchical and multidimensional conceptualization, this research integrates motivational climate dimensions from Achievement Goal Theory and Self-Determination Theory to investigate the constructs of empowering/disempowering motivational climates. We aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived coach-created motivational climate and prosocial-antisocial behaviours and determine whether moral disengagement mediated this relationship. 423 athletes completed self-reported questionnaires. The results showed that empowering motivational climate had a positive direct association with prosocial behaviour towards opponents/teammates. Disempowering motivational climate had a positive direct relationship with antisocial behaviour towards opponents/teammates. Also, disempowering motivational climate was indirectly related to antisocial behaviour towards teammates, antisocial behaviour towards opponents and prosocial behaviour towards opponents via moral disengagement. These findings suggest that athletes' perception of coach-created empowering motivational climate is likely to enhance athletes' prosocial behaviours, whereas athletes' perception of coach-created disempowering motivational climate may result in their higher antisocial behaviours which is mediated by moral disengagement. The findings emphasize the role of perceived coach-created motivational climates in athletes' moral behaviours, provide useful information on the mediating role of moral disengagement in this relationship and suggest practical implications for sports coaches, sports psychologists and sport executives who aim to create a positive sports environment for athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahri Gürpınar
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - I Hsan Sarı
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Hatice Yıldırım
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
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5
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Bäker N. Stability and cross-lagged relations among callous-unemotional traits, moral identity, moral emotion attribution and externalizing behavior problems in adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37359613 PMCID: PMC10196293 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the associations of adolescents callous-unemotional traits with moral constructs and the interplay of various outcomes. The present study builds on the lack of research and focuses on the longitudinal relationships between CU-traits, moral identity, moral emotion attribution and externalizing behavior problems in adolescence. The included variables were collected at test time points T1 and T2. To determine the predictive, and stability links among the variables, a cross-lagged model in SPSS AMOS 26 was conducted. Time stability path estimates were moderate to highly stable over time for all included variables. Significant cross lagged paths of moral identityT1 on moral emotion attributionT2, CU-traitsT1 on moral identityT2, externalizing behavior problemsT1 on moral emotion attributionsT2 and externalizing behavior problemsT1 on CU-traitsT2, could be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neele Bäker
- School of Educational and Social Sciences, Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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Self-control and cooperation in childhood as antecedents of less moral disengagement in adolescence. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:290-300. [PMID: 34308803 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Moral disengagement is a social cognition people use to engage in wrongdoings even when they know it is wrong. However, little is known about the antecedents that predict moral disengagement. The current study focuses on the development of self-control and cooperation during middle childhood as two antecedents of moral disengagement among 1,103 children (50% female; 77% White, 12% Black, 6% Hispanic, and 5% other). Children's self-control at age 8 and growth in self-control from age 8 to 11 were positively linked to adolescents seeing themselves as having self-control at age 15, which then predicted less moral disengagement at age 18. Children's cooperation at age 8 also was positively linked to adolescents' self-views of cooperation at age 15, which in turn, was associated with less moral disengagement at age 18. These findings demonstrate the potential of self-control and cooperation as intrapersonal and interpersonal strengths during middle childhood for mitigating moral disengagement 10 years later.
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Zhang X, Yang Q, Yan Y, Liang S. Family-supportive supervisor behavior and employees' workplace deviant behavior: Moral disengagement as a mediator. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.2224/sbp.11319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Workplace deviant behavior causes not only physical and mental harm to employees but also great losses to the enterprise where they are employed. Drawing on social cognitive theory, in this study we explored the mechanism of family-supportive supervisor behavior on employees' workplace
deviant behavior. Analysis of data from 312 participants showed that family-supportive supervisor behavior negatively influenced employees' workplace deviant behavior, and that moral disengagement played a mediating role in the relationship between these two variables. Our findings not only
enrich the literature on family-supportive supervisor behavior but also provide a reference for organizations to identify, prevent, and control employees' workplace deviant behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yan
- School of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichang Liang
- Business School, Guangxi University, People's Republic of China
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8
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Schipper N, Goagoses N, Koglin U. Associations between moral identity, social goal orientations, and moral decisions in adolescents. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2056160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neele Schipper
- School of Educational and Social Sciences, Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Naska Goagoses
- School of Educational and Social Sciences, Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ute Koglin
- School of Educational and Social Sciences, Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Ramey HL, Lawford HL, Pancer SM, Matsuba MK, Pratt MW. Trajectories of Youth's Helping From Adolescence into Adulthood: The Importance of Social Relations and Values. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 69:134-144. [PMID: 34409607 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Helping behaviors (e.g., helping a sick friend, volunteering) are important forms of community involvement and likely change with age and life context. Yet, trajectories of community helping from adolescence through early adulthood have rarely been examined. It is also unclear how the roles of family, friends, and social attitudes might foster the development of helping behaviors across these years. We report on a study of community helping in a Canadian youth sample, across five intervals over a 15-year span, beginning at age 17 (N = 416). Helping displayed a quadratic trend, decreasing into the mid-20s, and then rebounding somewhat by 32. Social responsibility and salience of friends' prosocial moral values positively predicted age 17 community helping, whereas parents' moral values predicted less decrease in helping over this timeline. These findings add to an understanding of moral influences and social responsibility, in the potential shaping of youths' community helping behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Ramey
- Department of Child & Youth Studies, Brock University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Youth Engagement at the Students Commission of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Social and Community Services, Humber Institute of Technology & Advanced Learning, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather L Lawford
- Centre of Excellence for Youth Engagement at the Students Commission of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - S Mark Pancer
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - M Kyle Matsuba
- Psychology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Michael W Pratt
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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10
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Krettenauer T. When moral identity undermines moral behavior: An integrative framework. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Krettenauer
- Department of Psychology Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo Ontario Canada
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11
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Krettenauer T, Lefebvre JP, Hardy SA, Zhang Z, Cazzell AR. Daily moral identity: Linkages with integrity and compassion. J Pers 2021; 90:663-674. [PMID: 34773252 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated how much variability in moral identity scores is attributable to individual differences that are stable over time and how much variability reflects daily fluctuations. METHOD Participants (N = 138, M age = 25.11 years, SD = 10.77; 82% female) were asked to report the self-importance of three moral attributes (being honest, fair, and caring) once a day for 50 consecutive days. Ratings were decomposed into between- and within-person variability and analyzed in relation to individuals' self-reported feelings of integrity and compassion using hierarchical linear modelling. RESULTS Daily measures of moral identity exhibited more between- than within-person variability (64% vs. 36%). Furthermore, feelings of integrity and compassion were more strongly positively correlated with moral identity on the inter-individual level than the intra-individual level. CONCLUSION Overall, findings suggest that moral identity has both trait- and state-like characteristics and might be best conceptualized as a characteristic adaptation evidencing both stability and change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Krettenauer
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Paul Lefebvre
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sam A Hardy
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Amber R Cazzell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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Zheng W, Guo Q, Huang T, Lu J, Xie C. The Prosocial Outgrowth of Filial Beliefs in Different Cultures: A Conditional Mediation Model Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:748759. [PMID: 34744926 PMCID: PMC8566920 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.748759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Filial piety is a concept originated from ancient China which contains norms of children’s feelings, attitudes, and behaviors toward their parents. The dual filial piety model (DFPM) differentiated two types of filial belief: reciprocal vs. authoritarian filial piety (RFP vs. AFP). Recent scholars suggest that the functions of filial piety may differ across cultures. This study examined the mediating effects of empathy, moral identity, gratitude, and sense of indebtedness in the relationship between filial piety and prosocial behavior (PB) and the moderating effects of nation. Questionnaires measuring filial piety, PB, moral identity, gratitude, and sense of indebtedness were administrated to Chinese and Indonesian participants. Moderated mediation modeling was conducted to analyze data. The results showed that empathy, moral identity, gratitude, and a sense of indebtedness have significant mediating effects in the association of filial piety and PB. And nation served as a moderator. (1) RFP could promote PB via enhanced empathy, moral identity, gratitude, and a sense of indebtedness, both among Chinese and Indonesian participants, while AFP did the same job only among Indonesian participants. (2) Among Chinese participants, AFP was not directly associated with PB, but was negatively associated with PB via reduced gratitude and a sense of indebtedness. (3) Nation (China vs. Indonesia) moderated the direct or indirect effect of RFP/AFP on PB, with RFP exerting stronger positive effects on outcome variables among Chinese (relative to Indonesian) participants and AFP exerting stronger positive effects on outcome variables among Indonesian (relative to Chinese) participants. These results showed that RFP can promote prosocial development by the cultivation of empathy, moral identity, gratitude, and a sense of indebtedness, regardless of whether the participants grew up in China or other cultural backgrounds. But the effect of AFP on PB was significantly conditioned by culture. This suggests that the function of RFP may be a cultural universal. However, the mechanisms that AFP influences PB can differ considerably across cultures. Findings of this study further indicate that filial piety beliefs may facilitate prosocial development in the ways conditioned by cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qingke Guo
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Taian Huang
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Jianli Lu
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Chaoxiang Xie
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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13
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Gini G, Thornberg R, Bussey K, Angelini F, Pozzoli T. Longitudinal Links of Individual and Collective Morality with Adolescents' Peer Aggression. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 51:524-539. [PMID: 34661788 PMCID: PMC8881436 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents' aggressive behavior has been often linked to biases in morality. However, limited knowledge is available regarding the relative strength of different moral correlates, both at the individual and class-level, in predicting different types of aggressive behavior over time. To address this gap, the present study tested the prospective associations of moral identity and moral disengagement with reactive and proactive aggression in a short-term longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 1158 Italian adolescents (48.7% females; Mage = 13.6 years, SD = 1.1). Participants completed self-report measures of moral identity, moral disengagement, perceived collective moral disengagement in the fall, and reactive and proactive aggression in the fall and in the spring. Multivariate multilevel analysis indicated that, at the individual level, after controlling for the stability of aggressive behavior, T2 (Time 2) reactive aggression was higher for students who reported lower moral identity and higher moral disengagement at T1 (Time 1). For proactive aggression, a significant interaction effect indicated that the negative association between T1 moral identity and T2 aggression was apparent only at high levels of T1 moral disengagement. Moreover, proactive aggression was significantly predicted by higher perceived collective moral disengagement. At the class-level, T1 collective moral disengagement helped explain between-class variability of T2 reactive and proactive aggressive behavior. How these results expand previous research on morality and aggressive behavior and their potential implications for prevention and intervention programs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gini
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Robert Thornberg
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kay Bussey
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Federica Angelini
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pozzoli
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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15
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Schipper N, Koglin U. The association between moral identity and moral decisions in adolescents. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2021; 2021:111-125. [PMID: 34480510 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores moral identity, moral emotion attribution, moral responsibility, acceptability, and moral decisions in adolescents. We hypothesized that moral identity predicts moral decisions in adolescents. Furthermore, we hypothesized that moral emotions mediate the relationship between moral identity and moral decisions and moral identity and moral responsibility/acceptability. A total of 749 adolescents were recruited. Questions regarding moral identity, moral emotion attribution, moral responsibility, acceptability, and moral decisions were answered by the participants. SPSS and AMOS wereused to analyze the data obtained.The results showed that moral identity was related positively to moral decisions and negatively to moral emotion attribution in adolescents. Mediation analysis showed that moral emotions were a significant mediator between moral identity and moral decisions. The findings indicate that moral identity plays an essential role in the moral decision-making processes in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neele Schipper
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ute Koglin
- Department of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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16
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The effects of psycho-education program based on logotherapy for the development of a healthy sense of identity in emerging adulthoods. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Rehman Khan S. Different and better than you: The interplay between social identity, moral identity, and social comparison. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Kim D, Jesiek BK, Howland SJ. Longitudinal investigation of moral disengagement among undergraduate engineering students: findings from a mixed-methods study. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2021.1958330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayoung Kim
- School of Engineering Education, Purdue University
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19
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Morgan B, Fowers B. Empathy and authenticity online: The roles of moral identity, moral disengagement, and parenting style. J Pers 2021; 90:183-202. [PMID: 34265082 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research suggests that the Internet could be considered an arena for both virtuous and vicious behaviors, with observations of enhanced perspective-taking and honest self-reflections occurring alongside evidence of cyberbullying and deceptive communications. In the current study, we explore the role of three widely recognized sources of moral behavior-moral identity, moral disengagement, and authoritative parenting-in predicting adolescents' online empathy and online authenticity. METHOD In total, 788 UK adolescents aged 11-18 years (66% male) completed measures of these key constructs. RESULTS Structural equation modeling results suggest that parental responsiveness and autonomy granting are positively related to adolescents' moral identity. In turn, moral identity was positively related to both online empathy and online authenticity. Having a stronger moral identity also meant that adolescents were less likely to morally disengage, and moral disengagement was negatively related to online authenticity in adolescent females. Partial invariance across gender and age was observed. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that moral identity encourages moral thoughts, feelings, and actions in the online environment, including being authentic and empathic. As the formation and accessibility of one's moral identity can be promoted, we discuss the implications of these findings for cultivating prosocial behavior in the online environment as well as future research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaire Morgan
- School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - Blaine Fowers
- School of Education, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Kislyakov PA, Shmeleva EA. Prosocial Orientation of Russians During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Caring for Others and Yourself. Front Psychol 2021; 12:629467. [PMID: 34305706 PMCID: PMC8295751 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To mitigate the potentially devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is vital to identify psychosocial and moral resources. The care, preservation, protection, and well-being of social communities are attributes of prosocial behavior that can be such a resource. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of prosocial orientation of Russian youth during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify strategies for prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 447 people. The study was conducted in May 2020 in the form of an online survey of subjects using Google Forms ("Moral Foundations Questionnaire method" and "Portrait Values Questionnaire"). The research made it possible to establish that Russians were dominated by norms of care, fairness, purity; values of benevolence-universalism, security, and self-direction. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prosocial orientation of Russians may manifest itself in the following behavioral strategies: proactive prosocial strategy of "caring for others" (true altruism, expressed in forms of volunteering, helping a stranger, and charity despite the risk of contracting a coronavirus infection); egoistic strategy of prosocial behavior "self-care through caring for others" (volunteering based on self-development; helping a stranger to improve your own psychological well-being); conventional prosocial strategy "self-care" (self-isolation and preventive behavior). In the long run, it is necessary to identify personal and environmental resources that allowed people to effectively implement a prosocial self-isolation strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as various forms of volunteerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Kislyakov
- Department of Psychology, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
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21
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Hao J, Du X. Preschoolers' Helping Motivations: Altruistic, Egoistic or Diverse? Front Psychol 2021; 12:614868. [PMID: 33927667 PMCID: PMC8076576 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.614868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on Eisenberg et al.'s model of prosocial motivations, the present study examined what motivates preschoolers to display instrumental helping and how various motivations develop during the preschool years. The participants were 477 preschoolers aged 3–5 years assigned to one of five groups. In each experimental group, the experimenter emphasized an altruistic or egoistic helping motivation, namely, empathic concern, moral rules, praise or rewards. In the control group, no helping motivations were emphasized. Their instrumental helping was then measured by sorting cards for a sick child to play a game. The results show that each helping motivation had a positive effect on instrumental helping. Most of the motivational effects were similar across age, but the motivational effect of empathic concern increased obviously at the age of 5 years. Therefore, the present study reveals that both altruistic and egoistic motivations motivate preschoolers to help others. Most of the motivations develop steadily during the preschool years, but empathic concern as an altruistic motivation increases greatly at the end of the preschool years. The present study thus confirms the diversity of preschoolers' helping motivations with Eisenberg et al.'s model of prosocial motivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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22
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Schipper N, Koglin U. Callous-unemotional Traits, moralische Identität und Bullying im Jugendalter. KINDHEIT UND ENTWICKLUNG 2021. [DOI: 10.1026/0942-5403/a000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Rolle der Moral im Kontext pro- und antisozialer Verhaltensweisen wird sowohl national als auch international diskutiert. Im Zusammenhang mit antisozialen Verhaltensweisen von Jugendlichen werden zudem vermehrt Callous-unemotional Traits betrachtet. Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen CU-Traits, der moralischen Identität und Bullying. Methode: Insgesamt bearbeiteten N = 749 Jugendliche einen Fragebogenkatalog. SPSS und AMOS wurden zur Analyse der vorliegenden Daten genutzt. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigen direkte Effekte von Callousness, Uncaring und der moralischen Identität auf Bullying. Die Skalen Uncaring und Callousness zeigen einen Zusammenhang mit moralischer Identität und Bullying. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse deuten an, dass die moralische Identität und die damit einhergehende moralische Entwicklung wichtige Prädiktoren für das Verhalten von Jugendlichen sind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neele Schipper
- Institut für Sonder- und Rehabilitationspädagogik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
| | - Ute Koglin
- Institut für Sonder- und Rehabilitationspädagogik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
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23
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24
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Sun P, Li H, Liu Z, Ren M, Guo Q, Kou Y. When and why does sense of power hinder self‐reported helping behavior? Testing a moderated mediation model in Chinese undergraduates. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University) Institute of Developmental Psychology Beijing Normal University Beijing China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Psychology Shandong Normal University Jinan China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University) Institute of Developmental Psychology Beijing Normal University Beijing China
| | - Minzhi Ren
- School of Education and Psychology University of Jinan Jinan China
| | - Qingke Guo
- Department of Psychology Shandong Normal University Jinan China
- Guangxi University and College Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Applied Psychology Guangxi Normal University Guilin China
| | - Yu Kou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University) Institute of Developmental Psychology Beijing Normal University Beijing China
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25
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Zhang Y, Chen C, Teng Z, Guo C. Parenting Style and Cyber-Aggression in Chinese Youth: The Role of Moral Disengagement and Moral Identity. Front Psychol 2021; 12:621878. [PMID: 33679537 PMCID: PMC7933004 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that parenting style is intricately linked to cyber-aggression. However, the underlying mechanisms of this relationship remain unclear, especially among young adults. Guided by the social cognitive theory and the ecological system theory, this study aimed to examine the effect of parenting style on cyber-aggression, the potential mediating role of moral disengagement, and the moderating role of moral identity in this relationship. Participants comprised 1,796 Chinese college students who anonymously completed questionnaires on parenting style, moral disengagement, moral identity, cyber-aggression, and demographic variables. After controlling for sex and age, parental rejection and over-protection were positively related to cyber-aggression; however, parental emotional warmth was non-significantly related to cyber-aggression. Mediation analysis revealed that parenting style was related to cyber-aggressive behavior through moral disengagement. Moderated mediation analysis further indicated that the indirect effect of parenting style on cyber-aggression was much stronger in college students with higher moral identity. The study carries important practical implications for parents and educators concerned about the destructive consequences of cyber-aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaojun Teng
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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26
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Tabares ASG, Palacio NMD. The Protective Role of Empathy and Emotional Self-efficacy in Predicting Moral Disengagement in Adolescents Separated from Illegal Armed Groups. ANUARIO DE PSICOLOGÍA JURÍDICA 2021. [DOI: 10.5093/apj2021a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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27
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Shadmanfaat SMS, Choi J, Kabiri S, Yun I. Assessing the Links Between Parenting Practices, Moral Emotions, and Cyberbullying Perpetrations Among a Sample of Iranian Sports Fans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2020; 64:1674-1695. [PMID: 32449634 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x20923252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Parenting practices have direct effects on children's moral development and delinquency. A growing empirical literature also documents the influence of morality on offending patterns. Yet, our understanding of the interrelationships among parenting practices, morality, and cyberbullying is limited. This study contributes to and extends this line of research by examining the extent to which moral emotions mediate the relationship between parenting practices and sports fans' cyberbullying. We used a sample of 384 Iranian high school students from the 35th Boys Sports Olympiad Tournament in Shiraz, Iran. The results from structural modeling analysis show that both parenting practices and moral emotions are associated with the likelihood of sports fans' decision to perpetrate cyberbullying and that moral emotions mediate the association between parenting practices and cyberbullying. The robust and consistent patterns of the results signify the importance of parenting and moral development in curbing the problem of cyberbullying.
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28
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Leng J, Guo Q, Ma B, Zhang S, Sun P. Bridging Personality and Online Prosocial Behavior: The Roles of Empathy, Moral Identity, and Social Self-Efficacy. Front Psychol 2020; 11:575053. [PMID: 33192877 PMCID: PMC7642211 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality has been considered as important influential factors of prosocial behavior (PB). This study aims to investigate whether the personality-PB association revealed in the real world is applicable to cyberspace. Researchers further considered moral identity (MI), empathy, and social self-efficacy as mediators accounting for the association of personality and online prosocial behavior (OPB). Self-reported measures were administrated to 1398 participants from eastern China. Results showed (1) extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were positively related to OPB, while neuroticism was negatively related to OPB; (2) perspective taking could serve as a mediator between all big five traits and OPB, social self-efficacy did the same job unless the predictor was agreeableness. Empathic concern and MI were less important mediators partly because OPB involves no face-to-face interaction. These findings show that personality has a significant effect on OPB through its influence on moral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Leng
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingke Guo
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Bingqing Ma
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyue Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Esposito C, Affuso G, Dragone M, Bacchini D. Effortful Control and Community Violence Exposure as Predictors of Developmental Trajectories of Self-serving Cognitive Distortions in Adolescence: A Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:2358-2371. [PMID: 32840720 PMCID: PMC7538410 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Self-serving cognitive distortions are biased or rationalizing beliefs and thoughts that originate from the individual persistence into immature moral judgment stages during adolescence and adulthood, increasing the individual’s engagement in antisocial or immoral conducts. To date, the literature examining trajectories of cognitive distortions over time and their precursors is limited. This study sought to fill this gap, by examining effortful control and community violence exposure as individual and environmental precursors to developmental trajectories of cognitive distortions in adolescence. The sample consisted of 803 Italian high school students (349 males; Mage = 14.19, SD = 0.57). Three trajectories of cognitive distortions were identified: (1) moderately high and stable cognitive distortions (N = 311), (2) moderate and decreasing cognitive distortions (N = 363), and (3) low and decreasing cognitive distortions (N = 129). Both low effortful control and high exposure to community violence were significant predictors for moderately high and stable trajectory of cognitive distortions. These results point to the importance of considering moral development as a process involving multiple levels of individual ecology, highlighting the need to further explore how dispositional and environmental factors might undermine developmental processes of morality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Mirella Dragone
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
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30
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Moral perfectionism and online prosocial behavior: The mediating role of moral identity and the moderating role of online interpersonal trust. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Han H, Dawson KJ, Choi YR, Choi YJ, Glenn AL. Development and validation of the English version of the Moral Growth Mindset measure. F1000Res 2020; 9:256. [PMID: 32595954 PMCID: PMC7309350 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.23160.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Moral Growth Mindset (MGM) is a belief about whether one can become a morally better person through efforts. Prior research showed that MGM is positively associated with promotion of moral motivation among adolescents and young adults. We developed and tested the English version of the MGM measure in this study with data collected from college student participants. Methods: In Study 1, we tested the reliability and validity of the MGM measure with two-wave data ( N = 212, Age mean = 24.18 years, SD = 7.82 years). In Study 2, we retested the construct validity of the MGM measure once again and its association with other moral and positive psychological indicators to test its convergent and discriminant validity ( N = 275, Age mean = 22.02 years, SD = 6.34 years). Results: We found that the MGM measure was reliable and valid from Study 1. In Study 2, the results indicated that the MGM was well correlated with other moral and positive psychological indicators as expected. Conclusions: We developed and validated the English version of the MGM measure in the present study. The results from studies 1 and 2 supported the reliability and validity of the MGM measure. Given this, we found that the English version of the MGM measure can measure one's MGM as we intended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Han
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kelsie J. Dawson
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - YeEun Rachel Choi
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Youn-Jeng Choi
- Educational Research Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Andrea L. Glenn
- Center for the Prevention of Youth Behavior Problems, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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32
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Han H, Dawson KJ, Choi YR, Choi YJ, Glenn AL. Development and validation of the English version of the Moral Growth Mindset measure. F1000Res 2020; 9:256. [PMID: 32595954 PMCID: PMC7309350 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.23160.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Moral Growth Mindset (MGM) is a belief about whether one can become a morally better person through efforts. Prior research showed that MGM is positively associated with promotion of moral motivation among adolescents and young adults. We developed and tested the English version of the MGM measure in this study with data collected from college student participants. Methods: In Study 1, we tested the reliability and validity of the MGM measure with two-wave data ( N = 212, Age mean = 24.18 years, SD = 7.82 years). In Study 2, we retested the construct validity of the MGM measure once again and its association with other moral and positive psychological indicators to test its convergent and discriminant validity ( N = 275, Age mean = 22.02 years, SD = 6.34 years). Results: We found that the MGM measure was reliable and valid from Study 1. In Study 2, the results indicated that the MGM was well correlated with other moral and positive psychological indicators as expected. Conclusions: We developed and validated the English version of the MGM measure in the present study. The results from studies 1 and 2 supported the reliability and validity of the MGM measure. Given this, we found that the English version of the MGM measure can measure one's MGM as we intended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Han
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kelsie J. Dawson
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - YeEun Rachel Choi
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Youn-Jeng Choi
- Educational Research Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Andrea L. Glenn
- Center for the Prevention of Youth Behavior Problems, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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33
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Becherer J, Köller O, Zimmermann F. Externalizing behaviour, task-focused behaviour, and academic achievement: An indirect relation? BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 91:27-45. [PMID: 32237146 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have suggested that students' externalizing (aggressive and rule-breaking) behaviour is detrimental to their academic achievement, the underlying mechanisms have rarely been investigated. AIMS We conducted a longitudinal investigation of whether the negative relation between externalizing behaviour and academic achievement operationalized as grades and test scores is mediated by students' task-focused behaviour while controlling for the effects of initial achievement and general cognitive abilities. We conducted separate analyses for different rating perspectives (i.e., parents and teachers) on students' externalizing behaviour to investigate the robustness of effects and determined whether gender moderated the mediation. SAMPLE Participants were N = 1,039 students in 55 classes from different school types who were followed from fifth to ninth grade. METHOD In fifth grade, parents and teachers rated students' externalizing behaviour, and students were administered standardized tests in mathematics, German, and general cognitive abilities. In seventh grade, teachers rated students' task-focused behaviour. In ninth grade, students were again administered standardized tests in mathematics and German, and their grades were obtained from school registries. RESULTS Structural equation models consistently revealed indirect effects of externalizing behaviour via task-focused behaviour on grades and test scores beyond effects of initial achievement and general cognitive abilities. Result patterns were similar for parents' and teachers' ratings of externalizing behaviour and male and female students. CONCLUSIONS This study extends knowledge about the negative relation between externalizing behaviour and academic achievement in adolescents by showing that there is an indirect relation through task-focused behaviour. Implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Becherer
- Institute for Psychology of Learning and Instruction, Kiel University, Germany
| | - Olaf Köller
- Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education at Kiel University, Germany
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34
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Teng Z, Nie Q, Zhu Z, Guo C. Violent video game exposure and (Cyber)bullying perpetration among Chinese youth: The moderating role of trait aggression and moral identity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.106193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Shi X, Wang B, He T, Wu L, Zhang J. Secure attachments predict prosocial behaviors: A moderated mediation study. Psych J 2020; 9:597-608. [PMID: 32052595 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that secure attachment promotes prosocial behavior. However, the mechanism underlying the link between attachment and prosocial behavior has received relatively little attention. The current study examined the mechanism underlying the link between attachment and prosocial behavior by specifically focusing on the potential mediating role of moral disengagement and whether this mediation effect is moderated by moral identity. Self-report questionnaires designed to measure attachment, moral identity, moral disengagement, and prosocial behavior were administered to Chinese students (n = 395; 250 females; Mage = 23.38 years). Results showed that secure attachment (maternal attachment, paternal attachment, and peer attachment) was associated with prosocial behavior. In addition, moral disengagement was found to mediate the association between secure attachment and prosocial behavior. Moreover, the mediation effect was moderated by moral identity; specifically, the mediation effect was stronger for individuals with a high level of moral identity than their low-level moral identity counterparts. The present results suggest that morality could explain the association between attachment and prosocial behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beiyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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36
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Fatima S, Dawood S, Munir M. Parenting styles, moral identity and prosocial behaviors in adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Wang X, Yang J, Wang P, Zhang Y, Li B, Xie X, Lei L. Deviant Peer Affiliation and Bullying Perpetration in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Moral Disengagement and the Moderating Role of Moral Identity. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 154:199-213. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2019.1696733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yixuan Zhang
- Taiyuan University of Technology (Mingxiang Campus)
| | | | | | - Li Lei
- Renmin University of China
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38
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Gotowiec S. When moral identity harms: The impact of perceived differences in core values on helping and hurting. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Lefebvre JP, Krettenauer T. Linking Moral Identity With Moral Emotions: A Meta-Analysis. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1089268019880887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis examined the relationship between moral identity and moral emotions drawing on 57 independent studies. Moral identity was significantly associated with moral emotions, r = .32, p < .01, 95% confidence interval [CI: .27, .36]. Effect sizes were moderated by the type of moral emotion. Studies reporting other-regarding emotions (sympathy, empathy, and compassion) had the largest effect sizes ( r = .41), while negative other-evaluative emotions (moral anger, contempt, and disgust) had the smallest ( r = .16). Self-evaluative and other-evaluative positive emotions had intermediate effect sizes ( r values between .29 and .32). The type of emotion measure also was a significant moderator, with trait measures of emotion ( r = .38) correlating more strongly with moral identity than state measures ( r = .24). Effect sizes did not differ for the type of moral identity measure being used, publication status, or cultural origin of the study sample. The results of this meta-analysis demonstrate a robust empirical connection between moral identity and moral emotions, which confirms the multifaceted role of moral identity in moral functioning.
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40
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Defend, Stand By, or Join In?: The Relative Influence of Moral Identity, Moral Judgment, and Social Self-Efficacy on Adolescents' Bystander Behaviors in Bullying Situations. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:2051-2064. [PMID: 31444690 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In bullying situations, adolescent bystanders may help bullied others, just stand by, or join in the antisocial behavior. Current studies have yet to fully examine the moral and social factors motivating these varied responses to bullying encounters. Extending from pertinent developmental theories, the present study investigated the relative contributions of moral identity (i.e., viewing moral qualities as central to the self), moral judgment, and social self-efficacy to adolescents' bystander behaviors vis-à-vis bullies. Also investigated were the interactions among these variables. Three hundred and thirty-seven adolescents (M age = 13 years, 56.1% female) who self-identified as Caucasian (90.2%), Hispanic-American (2.1%), Asian-American (0.9%), African-American (3.9%), or Other/Unknown (2.9%) participated in the study. Students completed questionnaires assessing moral identity, moral judgment, social self-efficacy, and how they would respond if they observed a peer being bullied. Moral identity predicted more prosocial action, particularly for adolescents high in social self-efficacy. Moral identity related positively to moral judgment, and both predicted less antisocial (joining in) behavior. Interestingly, moral judgment maturity primarily diminished antisocial behavior when moral identity was relatively low. Social self-efficacy predicted less passive bystanding. Overall, moral identity strongly relates to defending behavior, and-as does moral judgment maturity-predicts less antisocial behavior among bystanders.
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Moral Disengagement as an Explanatory Factor of the Polyivictimization of Bullying and Cyberbullying. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132414. [PMID: 31284645 PMCID: PMC6651680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study's objectives were to: (1) Identify and analyze the prevalence of poly-victims, and (2) determine how the levels of moral disengagement and the various defence mechanisms that victims use to explain abusive behavior might function as predictors of poly-bullying. METHODS The sample consisted of 1328 participants of from 9 to 14 years old. The instruments used were two questionnaires. One allows the prevalence of bullying and cyberbullying victims to be identified and analyzed. The other analyses the level of moral disengagement and the defence mechanisms to which the victims resort. RESULTS The results showed there to be a continuity of the role of victim in off-line and on-line contexts, turning those who are subject to these situations into poly-victims. The moral disengagement of these victims was found basically to be centered at two levels-a locus of behavior, and a locus of outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to abuse that is continuous, of different types, and coming from different contexts must be perceived as a public health problem given the lack of effective tools to combat the situations of helplessness that the polyvictims experience.
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Cuadrado-Gordillo I, Fernández-Antelo I. Analysis of Moral Disengagement as a Modulating Factor in Adolescents' Perception of Cyberbullying. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1222. [PMID: 31191411 PMCID: PMC6546841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been various studies establishing a relationship between moral reasoning and the perpetration of cyberbullying, but very few analyzing either the moderating role played by moral disengagement in how both aggressor and victim perceive cyberbullying, or the repercussions of this moderation for the determination of the prevalence of the problem and for the design of prevention programs. The present study examines the relationship between moral disengagement, moral identity, and how victims of this type of abuse perceive cyberbullying. The participants were 1912 adolescents (51% women) from Extremadura (Spain) of ages from 14 to 18 years. They completed three questionnaires addressing perception of cyberbullying, moral disengagement, and moral identity. Factorial, structural, correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to construct their perceptual structure of cyberbullying. These analyses showed the influence of their different levels of moral disengagement on those perceptions, and the moderating role that moral identity plays in the direct and indirect relationships between moral disengagement and the perception of cyberbullying. They revealed, on the one hand, the key and the subsidiary criteria victims use to classify some given cybernetic behavior as a case of cyberbullying, and, on the other, that the victims’ levels of moral disengagement explain both the justifications they resort to in order to interpret occurrences of cyberbullying and their shifting or spreading of responsibility onto others. Finally, the results can be a key element in the design of effective psychological interventions aimed at improving adolescents’ moral identity in situations of cybernetic victimization.
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Role of Female Students’ Self-Regulation in Predicting Moral Identity: A Structural Equation Modeling Study. WOMEN’S HEALTH BULLETIN 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/whb.91866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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O'Keefe DF, Peach JM, Messervey DL. The Combined Effect of Ethical Leadership, Moral Identity, and Organizational Identification on Workplace Behavior. JOURNAL OF LEADERSHIP STUDIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jls.21638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lele Mookerjee A, Fischer BD, Cavanaugh S, Rajput V. Innovative curriculum: Integrating the bio-behavioral and social science principles across the LifeStages in basic science years. MEDICAL TEACHER 2019; 41:167-171. [PMID: 29781379 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1457214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral and social science integration in clinical practice improves health outcomes across the life stages. The medical school curriculum requires an integration of the behavioral and social science principles in early medical education. We developed and delivered a four-week course entitled "LifeStages" to the first year medical students. The learning objectives of the bio-behavioral and social science principles along with the cultural, economic, political, and ethical parameters were integrated across the lifespan in the curriculum matrix. We focused on the following major domains: Growth and Brain Development; Sexuality, Hormones and Gender; Sleep; Cognitive and Emotional Development; Mobility, Exercise, Injury and Safety; Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle; Stress and coping skills, Domestic Violence; Substance Use Disorders; Pain, Illness and Suffering; End of Life, Ethics and Death along with Intergenerational issues and Family Dynamics. Collaboration from the clinical and biomedical science departments led to the dynamic delivery of the course learning objectives and content. The faculty developed and led a scholarly discussion, using the case of a multi-racial, multi-generational family during Active Learning Group (ALG) sessions. The assessment in the LifeStages course involved multiple assessment tools: including the holistic assessment by the faculty facilitator inside ALGs, a Team-Based Learning (TBL) exercise, multiple choice questions and Team Work Assessment during which the students had to create a clinical case on a LifeStages domain along with the facilitators guide and learning objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Cavanaugh
- a Cooper Medical School of Rowan University , Camden , NJ , USA
| | - Vijay Rajput
- b Ross University School of Medicine , Miramar , FL , USA
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Miles A, Upenieks L. An expanded model of the moral self: Beyond care and justice. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2018; 72:1-19. [PMID: 29609732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Most research on moral identities conceptualizes morality exclusively in terms of care and justice, but work from across the social sciences indicates that these represent only a corner of the moral landscape. Emphasizing care and justice alone severely restricts the scope of moral identity models, and risks under-estimating the influence of moral self-processes. To address this, we develop and validate measures of moral identity focused on group loyalty, authority, and purity, three additional facets of morality highlighted in Moral Foundations Theory. Although the loyalty identity is remarkably similar to the care/justice identity, the authority and purity identities are distinct, and demonstrate adequate convergent, divergent, and nomological validity. These identities also predict a wide range of behaviors that traditional care/justice focused moral identities miss. Taken together, our work indicates that the moral self is more complex - and has a much wider scope of influence - than previously supposed.
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Gotowiec S, van Mastrigt S. Having versus doing: The roles of moral identity internalization and symbolization for prosocial behaviors. The Journal of Social Psychology 2018; 159:75-91. [PMID: 29565781 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2018.1454394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Moral identity has been identified as a consistent predictor of prosocial behavior, but the specific relationship and predictive strength of its two dimensions, internalization ("having") and symbolization ("doing"), are less clear. The current article explores this through two self-report studies. In study 1 (N = 228) a series of hierarchical regression analyses showed that, for three out of four domains of prosocial behavior, symbolization was the only significant predictor, and that its strength differed across outcomes. Building on these results, Study 2 (N = 299) proposed that the observed vs. anonymous nature of prosocial behavior could account for these differences. Unexpectedly, symbolization predicted both public and private behaviors, whereas internalization generally did not. Significant interactions between internalization and symbolization were also observed. These findings are discussed in relation to their theoretical implications and future moral identity research.
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Teng Z, Nie Q, Guo C, Liu Y. Violent video game exposure and moral disengagement in early adolescence: The moderating effect of moral identity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Parents and peers as protective factors among adolescents exposed to neighborhood risk. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Trait anger and cyberbullying among young adults: A moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and moral identity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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