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Mirhafez SR, Khadem SH, Sahebkar A, Movahedi A, Rahsepar AA, Mirzaie A, Jamialahmadi T, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Comparative effects of on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery on serum cytokine and chemokine levels. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1423-1431. [PMID: 34601812 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with two methods (on-pump or off-pump) can be used to rescue individuals with severe coronary artery disease (CAD). Each method might cause an inflammatory response, which can lead to some complications. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in serum concentrations of IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, MCP-1, and epidermal growth factor between the two CABG surgery methods. Forty-eight patients (22 = on-pump, 26 = off-pump) who underwent on-pump or off-pump CABG surgery were enrolled in this study. Serum cytokines levels were measured in two blood samples, the first sample was taken from each patient in the morning of the day of surgery after a 12-hr fasting and the second sample on the first postoperative day at 24-hr after surgery. In baseline, comparisons between the two groups of on-pump/off-pump surgery did not show any significant difference in demographic data, anthropometric parameters, lipid profile indices, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (p > .05). There was a significant difference between the serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IFN-γ, and MCP-1 in patients with on-pump surgery and a significant increase in serum IL-6 (p < .001), IL8 (p < .05), VEGF (p < .001), and IFN-γ (p < .01) levels in patients with off-pump surgery in post-operation stage compared to pre-operation. Cardiopulmonary pump in patients under CABG surgery can activate systemic inflammation and the changes of serum cytokines levels in off-pump CABG were lower compared with on-pump CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Mirhafez
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.,Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hamideh Khadem
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ali Movahedi
- Department of Anesthesia and Operating Room Nursing, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Rahsepar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mirzaie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ramalingam S, Karuppiah M, Thiruppathi M, Palanivelu S, Panchanatham S. Antioxidant potential of biflavonoid attenuates hyperglycemia by modulating the carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in high fat diet/streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Redox Rep 2021; 25:1-10. [PMID: 32013797 PMCID: PMC7034448 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2020.1722914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study was to isolate the biflavonoid (a bimolecular kaemferol structured molecule) and test its efficacy on oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolic key enzymes in control and high fat diet and streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. Methods: Type 2 diabetes was induced in male albino wistar rats by feeding them with high fat diet comprising of 84.3% standard laboratory chow, 5% lard, 10% yolk powder, cholesterol 0.2%, and 0.5% bile salt for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, the animals were kept in an overnight fast and injected with low dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, dissolved in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer, pH 4.5). Results: At the end of the experimental period, diabetic control rats showed significant increase in plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with concomitant decrease in plasma insulin, total hemoglobin and body weight. The activities of key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, lipid peroxidation markers, antioxidant enzymes, glycogen content and glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase were also altered in diabetic rats. Discussion: Oral administration of biflavonoid to diabetic rats significantly ameliorated all the biochemical alterations to near normal levels. The effect produced by the biflavonoid on various parameters was comparable to that of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Ramalingam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Chennai, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical &Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Muthu Karuppiah
- Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Muthusamy Thiruppathi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Zhao X, Jiang S, Dong Q, Dang J, Liu Z, Han H, Tao Y, Yue H. Anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects of iridoid glucosides from Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) kudo on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by OPG/RANKL/NF-κB signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 266:113402. [PMID: 32980481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lamiophlomisrotata (Benth.) Kudo. has been used to treat trauma bleeding, rheumatism, yellow water disease in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activities and underlying mechanisms of the total iridoid glucosides (TIG) from Lamiophlomisrotata (Benth.) Kudo. METHODS The chemical constituents of TIG was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with seven reference compounds (penstemonoside, chlorotuberside, shanzhiside methyl ester, phloyoside, 7-epliamalbide, phlorigidoside C and lamalbide). The anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects of TIG were investigated by arthritis indexes and paw swelling degrees, as well as histopathological and Micro-CT analysis in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. The impacts of TIG on the level of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10), and the regulation of OPG/RANKL/NF-κB pathways were determined by the ELISA and western blot, respectively. RESULTS TIG significantly reduced the arthritis indexes and paws swelling in AIA rats, attenuated the inflammation and bone destruction in joint tissues, reduced the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-17, as well as increased the generation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum. Moreover, TIG markedly inhibited the expression of p-IKK-α, p-IκB and p-p65, and decreased the ratio of OPG/RANKL in the synovial tissues. CONCLUSION TIG possessed significant anti-RA activities on adjuvant-induced arthritis, which might be ascribed to the regulation of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ IL-17 and IL-10, as well as inhibition of OPG/RANKL/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Sirong Jiang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Jun Dang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Zenggeng Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Hongping Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yanduo Tao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China.
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Qinghai, 810008, China.
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4
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Ramalingam S, Karuppiah M, Thiruppathi M. Antihyperglycaemic potential of rosmarinic acid attenuates glycoprotein moiety in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1733104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Ramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Muthu Karuppiah
- Department of Chemistry, Manomanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Muthusamy Thiruppathi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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5
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Vieira R, Souto SB, Sánchez-López E, Machado AL, Severino P, Jose S, Santini A, Fortuna A, García ML, Silva AM, Souto EB. Sugar-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome-Review of Classical and New Compounds: Part-I. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040152. [PMID: 31658729 PMCID: PMC6958392 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia together with disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fat, which in general results from an insulin availability and need imbalance. In a great number of patients, marketed anti-glycemic agents have shown poor effectiveness in maintaining a long-term glycemic control, thus being associated with severe adverse effects and leading to an emerging interest in natural compounds (e.g., essential oils and other secondary plant metabolites, namely, flavonoid-rich compounds) as a novel approach for prevention, management and/or treatment of either non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T2DM, type 2 DM) and/or Metabolic Syndrome (MS). In this review, some of these promising glucose-lowering agents will be comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Vieira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Selma B Souto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital São João, Prof. Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200 - 319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana López Machado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Patricia Severino
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Industrial Biotechnology Program, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil.
| | - Sajan Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Cheruvandoor Campus, Ettumanoor, Kerala 686631, India.
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- CIBIT-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3 000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Amelia M Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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6
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Sas KM, Kayampilly P, Byun J, Nair V, Hinder LM, Hur J, Zhang H, Lin C, Qi NR, Michailidis G, Groop PH, Nelson RG, Darshi M, Sharma K, Schelling JR, Sedor JR, Pop-Busui R, Weinberg JM, Soleimanpour SA, Abcouwer SF, Gardner TW, Burant CF, Feldman EL, Kretzler M, Brosius FC, Pennathur S. Tissue-specific metabolic reprogramming drives nutrient flux in diabetic complications. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86976. [PMID: 27699244 PMCID: PMC5033761 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with altered cellular metabolism, but how altered metabolism contributes to the development of diabetic complications is unknown. We used the BKS db/db diabetic mouse model to investigate changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in kidney cortex, peripheral nerve, and retina. A systems approach using transcriptomics, metabolomics, and metabolic flux analysis identified tissue-specific differences, with increased glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the kidney, a moderate increase in the retina, and a decrease in the nerve. In the kidney, increased metabolism was associated with enhanced protein acetylation and mitochondrial dysfunction. To confirm these findings in human disease, we analyzed diabetic kidney transcriptomic data and urinary metabolites from a cohort of Southwestern American Indians. The urinary findings were replicated in 2 independent patient cohorts, the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy and the Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes studies. Increased concentrations of TCA cycle metabolites in urine, but not in plasma, predicted progression of diabetic kidney disease, and there was an enrichment of pathways involved in glycolysis and fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Our findings highlight tissue-specific changes in metabolism in complication-prone tissues in diabetes and suggest that urinary TCA cycle intermediates are potential prognostic biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Viji Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
| | - Lucy M. Hinder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | | | | | | | - George Michailidis
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert G. Nelson
- Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Manjula Darshi
- Institute of Metabolomic Medicine and Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Metabolomic Medicine and Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - John R. Sedor
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles F. Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics
| | - Frank C. Brosius
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Han JS, Lee BS, Han SR, Han HY, Chung MK, Min BS, Seok JH, Kim YB. A subchronic toxicity study of Radix Dipsaci water extract by oral administration in F344 rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:136-145. [PMID: 27477088 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Radix Dipsaci, the dried root of Dipsacus asperoides C.Y. Cheng & T.M.Ai, has therapeutic effects on various disorders, and in particular, bone and joint disease. Despite such ethnomedicinal benefits, there is very little information regarding its in vivo toxicity or adverse effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential toxicity of the Radix Dipsaci water Extract (RD-wE) by using F344 rats. The RD-wE was administered orally to rats at doses of 0, 125, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day for 13 weeks. During the treatment period there were no mortalities attributed to RD-wE. Moreover, no toxic effects were observed with regard to body weight, clinical pathology (hematology, clinical biochemistry, and urinalysis), and anatomic pathology (gross findings, organ weight, and microscopic examination). The changes related to the treatment were excessive salivation at the mouth and soft feces, observed in male and female rats at 1000 or 2000 mg/kg bw/day, but these were not accompanied by any microscopic correlate or other pathophysiological changes. Based on these results, the oral no-observed-adverse-effect level of the RD-wE was considered to be 2000 mg/kg bw/day in both genders, although the target organs were not determined under the current experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seok Han
- Research Center for Toxicologic Pathology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Research Center for Toxicologic Pathology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Han
- Research Center for General and Applied Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Research Center for General and Applied Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Koo Chung
- Research Center for General and Applied Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, 13-13 Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 712-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Seok
- Toxicological Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Research Center for Toxicologic Pathology, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Xu Z, Jiang Z, Sun L, Ji J, Miao J, Zhang X, Li X, Huang S, Wang T, Zhang L. Hypoglycemic effect of catalpol on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by increasing skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:738-48. [PMID: 25178463 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmu065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, exists in the root of Radix Rehmanniae. Some studies have shown that catalpol has a remarkable hypoglycemic effect in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic model, but the underlying mechanism for this effect has not been fully elucidated. Because mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in the pathology of diabetes and because improving mitochondrial function may offer a new approach for the treatment of diabetes, this study was designed. Catalpol was orally administered together with metformin to high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetic mice daily for 4 weeks. Body weight (BW), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and glucose disposal (IPGTT) were measured during or after the treatment. The results showed a dose-dependent reduction of FBG level with no apparent changes in BW through four successive weeks of catalpol administration. Catalpol treatment substantially reduced serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the diabetic mice. In addition, catalpol efficiently increased mitochondrial ATP production and reversed the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and mtDNA copy number in skeletal muscle tissue. Furthermore, catalpol (200 mg/kg) rescued mitochondrial ultrastructure in skeletal muscle, as detected with transmission electron microscopy. The relative mRNA level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 (PGC1) α was significantly decreased in muscle tissue of diabetic mice, while this effect was reversed by catalpol, resulting in a dose-dependent up-regulation. Taken together, we found that catalpol was capable of lowering FBG level via improving mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhimeng Xu
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinzi Ji
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingshan Miao
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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da Costa AV, Calábria LK, de Souza Santos P, Goulart LR, Espindola FS. Glibenclamide treatment modulates the expression and localization of myosin-IIB in diabetic rat brain. J Neurol Sci 2014; 340:159-64. [PMID: 24725740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myosin-IIB is a non-muscle isoform in the brain with increased expression in the brains of diabetic rats. Chronic hyperglycemia caused by diabetes can impair learning and memory. Oral hypoglycemic agents such as glibenclamide have been used to control hyperglycemia. We report changes in the expression and distribution of myosin-IIB in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide. METHODS The brains were removed after 43 days of treatment with glibenclamide (6 mg/kg bw orally), homogenized and analyzed by Western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Myosin-IIB expression increased in the brains of diabetic rats. However, protein expression returned to control levels when treated with glibenclamide. In addition, the expression of MYH10 gene encoding non-muscle myosin heavy chain-B decreased in diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide. Moreover, we found weak myosin-IIB labeling in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats treated with glibenclamide. Therefore, the expression of myosin-IIB is affected by diabetes mellitus and may be modulated by glibenclamide treatment in rats. Structural changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are reversible, and glibenclamide treatment may reduce the patho-physiological changes in the brain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings can contribute to the understanding of the regulation of myosins in the brains of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Vieira da Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luciana Karen Calábria
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil; Faculty of Integrated Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Pontal, Ituiutaba, MG 38304-402, Brazil
| | - Paula de Souza Santos
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
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Safarzade A, Talebi-Garakani E. Short term resistance training enhanced plasma apoA-I and FABP4 levels in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:41. [PMID: 24593955 PMCID: PMC3946130 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with a high risk for early atherosclerotic complications. Altered lipids and lipoprotein metabolism in chronic diabetes mellitus is associated with pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 4 weeks resistance training on plasma lipid profile, fatty acid binding protein (FABP) 4 and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels in type 1 diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty two male Wister rats (12-14 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups: non-diabetic control; non-diabetic trained; diabetic control; diabetic trained. The rats in training groups were subjected to a resistance training program (3 days/wk, for 4 wk) consisted of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. RESULTS Diabetic inducing increased plasma apoA-I and decreased FABP4 levels compared with non-diabetic control group (respectively, P = 0.001 & P = 0.041). After 4 weeks' resistance training, plasma levels of apoA-I and FABP4 in the diabetic trained rats were significantly higher compared with the diabetic control group (respectively, P = 0.003 & P = 0.017). Plasma HDL-C level in diabetic trained group was higher than diabetic control group (P = 0.048). Liver triglycerides concentrations were significantly lower in both trained (non-diabetic and diabetic) groups compared with their control groups (respectively, P = 0.041 and P = 0.002). CONCLUSION These data indicated that resistance training may be an efficient intervention strategy to increase plasma apoA-I, HDL-C and FABP4 concentrations, along with decreases liver triglycerides in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Further research is needed to elucidate physiological significance of circulating FABP4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Safarzade
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
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