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Almuraikhy S, Anwardeen N, Doudin A, Sellami M, Domling A, Agouni A, Al Thani AA, Elrayess MA. The Metabolic Switch of Physical Activity in Non-Obese Insulin Resistant Individuals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097816. [PMID: 37175541 PMCID: PMC10178125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy non-obese insulin resistant (IR) individuals are at higher risk of metabolic syndrome. The metabolic signature of the increased risk was previously determined. Physical activity can lower the risk of insulin resistance, but the underlying metabolic pathways remain to be determined. In this study, the common and unique metabolic signatures of insulin sensitive (IS) and IR individuals in active and sedentary individuals were determined. Data from 305 young, aged 20-30, non-obese participants from Qatar biobank, were analyzed. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and physical activity questionnaires were utilized to classify participants into four groups: Active Insulin Sensitive (ISA, n = 30), Active Insulin Resistant (IRA, n = 20), Sedentary Insulin Sensitive (ISS, n = 21) and Sedentary Insulin Resistant (SIR, n = 23). Differences in the levels of 1000 metabolites between insulin sensitive and insulin resistant individuals in both active and sedentary groups were compared using orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and linear models. The study indicated significant differences in fatty acids between individuals with insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance who engaged in physical activity, including monohydroxy, dicarboxylate, medium and long chain, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. On the other hand, the sedentary group showed changes in carbohydrates, specifically glucose and pyruvate. Both groups exhibited alterations in 1-carboxyethylphenylalanine. The study revealed different metabolic signature in insulin resistant individuals depending on their physical activity status. Specifically, the active group showed changes in lipid metabolism, while the sedentary group showed alterations in glucose metabolism. These metabolic discrepancies demonstrate the beneficial impact of moderate physical activity on high risk insulin resistant healthy non-obese individuals by flipping their metabolic pathways from glucose based to fat based, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes. The results of this study carry significant implications for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome in non-obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamma Almuraikhy
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Asmma Doudin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Alexander Domling
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Asmaa A Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review of Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes. Cureus 2023; 15:e33390. [PMID: 36751233 PMCID: PMC9897680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The polycystic ovarian syndrome affects many women today. Previous research has demonstrated a direct link between it and serious ailments such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and infertility. Originally thought to be a reproductive disorder, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is now understood to be a metabolic and psychological disorder. Women of reproductive age suffering from PCOS undergo hormonal imbalances in which progesterone, insulin, and testosterone are produced in excess. PCOS exhibits a variety of characteristics as well as a heterogeneity of symptoms, including acne, hirsutism, androgenic alopecia, irregular menstruation, infertility, obesity, and mood disorders like despair and anxiety. Chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and an elevated threat of coronary artery disease are some of its defining characteristics. PCOS develops due to interacting genetic and environmental factors. From a gynaecological curiosity, it grew into a multisystem endocrinopathy. It is fascinating to learn how hormonal issues result in gynaecological problems. Insulin resistance, compensatory hyperinsulinism, and an increase in ovarian androgenic hyperresponsiveness to circulating insulin are all directly related to hyperandrogenism and anovulation. Independent of weight, insulin resistance is more common with PCOS and plays a crucial role in the syndrome's metabolic and reproductive complications. Anovulation, polycystic ovaries, and elevated luteinizing hormones, which increase circulating androgen, are all caused by a reduction in follicle-stimulating hormone. High androgen levels cause hyperinsulinemia, which leads cells to become insulin resistant and makes PCOS patients more likely to develop diabetes mellitus. Later research established that women with polycystic ovarian shape and persistent anovulation are the only ones susceptible to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is thus a distinct characteristic of the condition. The purpose of this review paper is to investigate how PCOS ultimately results in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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AlMuraikhy S, Anwardeen N, Naeem A, Sellami M, Domling A, Agouni A, Elrayess MA. Comparing the Metabolic Profiles Associated with Fitness Status between Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant Non-Obese Individuals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191912169. [PMID: 36231474 PMCID: PMC9564877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Young non-obese insulin-resistant (IR) individuals could be at risk of developing metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. The protective effect of physical activity in this apparently healthy group is expected but not well characterized. In this study, clinically relevant metabolic profiles were determined and compared among active and sedentary insulin-sensitive (IS) and IR young non-obese individuals. (2) Methods: Data obtained from Qatar Biobank for 2110 young (20-30 years old) non-obese (BMI ≤ 30) healthy participants were divided into four groups, insulin-sensitive active (ISA, 30.7%), insulin-sensitive sedentary (ISS, 21.4%), insulin-resistant active (IRA, 20%), and insulin-resistant sedentary (IRS, 23.3%), using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and physical activity questionnaires. The effect of physical activity on 66 clinically relevant biochemical tests was compared among the four groups using linear models. (3) Results: Overall, non-obese IR participants had significantly (p ≤ 0.001) worse vital signs, blood sugar profiles, inflammatory markers, liver function, lipid profiles, and vitamin D levels than their IS counterparts. Physical activity was positively associated with left handgrip (p ≤ 0.01) and levels of creatine kinase (p ≤ 0.001) and creatine kinase-2 (p ≤ 0.001) in both IS and IR subjects. Furthermore, physical activity was positively associated with levels of creatinine (p ≤ 0.01) and total vitamin D (p = 0.006) in the IR group and AST (p = 0.001), folate (p = 0.001), and hematocrit (p = 0.007) in the IS group. Conversely, physical inactivity was negatively associated with the white blood cell count (p = 0.001) and an absolute number of lymphocytes (p = 0.003) in the IR subjects and with triglycerides (p = 0.005) and GGT-2 (p ≤ 0.001) in the IS counterparts. (4) Conclusions: An independent effect of moderate physical activity was observed in non-obese apparently healthy individuals a with different HOMA-IR index. The effect was marked by an improved health profile including higher vitamin D and lower inflammatory markers in IRA compared to IRS, and a higher oxygen carrying capacity and lipid profile in ISA compared to the ISS counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamma AlMuraikhy
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Alexander Domling
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A. Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Tang H, Zhao YP, Huang D, Cai JG, Wang Y. [Effects of muscle derived-IL-6 on insulin resistance of skeletal muscle cells and its mechanisms]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 38:530-536. [PMID: 37088765 DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.6310.2022.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of exogenous calcium-load on promoting muscle-derived IL-6 secretion, and regulating AMPK and p38MAPK signal pathway to improve insulin resistance. METHODS C2C12 cell lines and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance C2C12 cell lines were selected as the experimental objects. Preliminary experiment was aimed to determinate the glucose concentrations of culture solutions and observe contraction status of cells under microscope following different calcium concentrations culture 24 h. In the first official experiment, cells were divided into four groups: control group (A group, normal culture solution), IR group(B group, 0.6 mmol/L palmitic acid culture cells 24 h), 1 000 ng/ml IL-6 culture IR B group cells 48 h(IL-6+IR group) and IL-6 shRNA culture A group cells (IL-6shRNA group). In the second official experiment, cells were divided into three groups: IR group(A group), 100 μmol/L CaCl2 culture IR group cells 48 h(CaCl2+IR group) and 100 μmol/L CaCl2 and IL-6shRNA co- culture IR group cells 48 h(CaCl2+IL-6shRNA+IR group). The expression levels of GLUT4 mRNA and IL-6 mRNA were measured by real-time PCR, the protein expression levels of p-AMPK, p-p38MAPK, p-IRS-1 and p-PI-3K were measured by Western blot. RESULTS Preliminary experiment results showed that compared with 0 μmol/L CaCl2 group, the glucose concentrations were decreased significantly after cells treated with CaCl2, at different concentrations. The cell contractions were observed under microscope and the cell contraction was most obvious treated with 100 μmol/L CaCl2. The first official experiment results showed that compared with IR group, the contents of p-AMP-activated protein kinase(p-AMPK), p-insulin receptor substrate 1(p-IRS-1), p-phosphoinositide-3 kinase(p-PI-3K), the expression level of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) mRNA and the glucose uptake of IL-6+IR group were increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01), the p-p38MAPK protein expression level was decreased significantly (P<0.01) ; Compared with control group, the expression levels of p-AMPK, P-IRS-1, p-PI-3K, the expression level of GLUT4 mRNA and the glucose uptake of IL-6shRNA group were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the p-p38MAPK protein expression level was increased significantly (P<0.01). The second official experiment results showed that compared with IR group, the expression levels of p-AMPK, P-IRS-1, p-PI-3K, the level of GLUT4 mRNA of CaCl2+IR group were increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the p-p38MAPK protein expression level was decreased significantly (P<0.01); Compared with CaCl2+IR group, the contents of p-AMPK, P-IRS-1, p-PI-3K, the expression level of GLUT4 mRNA and the glucose uptake of CaCl2+IL-6 shRNA+IR group were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the p-p38MAPK protein expression level was increased significantly (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Exogenous Ca-load can stimulate muscle cells contraction, and exercise-induced IL-6 improves insulin resistance by activating AMPK, PI-3Kand inhibiting p38MAPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Department of P.E, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201
| | - Yi-Ping Zhao
- Department of P.E, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of P.E, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201
| | - Jian-Guang Cai
- Department of P.E, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of P.E, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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AL-Musharaf S, AlAjllan L, Aljuraiban G, AlSuhaibani M, Alafif N, Hussain SD. Nutritional Biomarkers and Factors Correlated with Poor Sleep Status among Young Females: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142898. [PMID: 35889857 PMCID: PMC9320813 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor sleep status is associated with several health problems. Nutritional biomarkers and factors related to poor sleep are understudied. This study aimed to identify nutrition biomarkers and factors related to sleep status in healthy young Saudi females. The study included 92 normal-weight and obese Saudi females aged 19−25. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated on the basis of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) method. Anthropometric, stress, physical activity, and dietary data were collected. Data on the polyphenol content in foods were retrieved from the Phenol-Explorer database. The sleep status was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Associations between variables were assessed using the multiple logistic regression model. Around 76% of the participants had poor sleep status (PSQI > 5). Multiple logistic regression reported high polyphenol intake as a protective factor against poor sleep (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07−0.83; p = 0.03) and HOMA-IR as an independent risk for poor sleep (OR 4.97; 95% CI 1.11−22.31; p = 0.04). Other nutritional biomarkers and factors, such as BMI, lipid profile, and vitamins, revealed a trend but were not significant. In conclusion, poor sleep status is associated with insulin resistance and low polyphenol intake among women of reproductive age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara AL-Musharaf
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (G.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-554243033
| | - Lama AlAjllan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (G.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Ghadeer Aljuraiban
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (G.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Munirah AlSuhaibani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (G.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Noura Alafif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (G.A.); (M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Syed Danish Hussain
- Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Xu F, Zhu Y, Lu M, Qin L, Zhao D, Ren T. Effects of Hydroxy-Alpha-Sanshool on Intestinal Metabolism in Insulin-Resistant Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142040. [PMID: 35885283 PMCID: PMC9322383 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the hydroxy-alpha-sanshool (HAS) effects on the intestinal metabolites of insulin-resistant mice, the blank group (BG), model group (MG), and HAS dose group (DG) were designed. The insulin resistance (IR) model was induced through streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat and high-sugar diet. Based on the availability of the model, the HAS dose was given by gavage for 28 days. The determination of cecum and key serum indexes was made, including the contents of insulin (INS), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated serum protein (GSP), and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb). The changes in gut microbiota and metabolites in cecal contents were detected by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and UPLC/HRMS technology, respectively. The results that the levels of GSP, GHb, TG, and TC were significantly increased; this was not the case for INS; or for the changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites in MG. However, the intervention of HAS effectively reversed these changes, for instance, it decreased levels of GSP, GHb, TG, TC, and alterations of metabolite composition for linoleic acid and tyrosine metabolism and recovered trends of declining species diversity and richness of the gut microbiota in MG. It was indicated that HAS alleviated IR by regulating the gut microbiota and metabolites and affecting lipid and amino acid metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Xu
- College of Brewing and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.X.); (M.L.); (L.Q.); (D.Z.)
| | - Yuping Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Mintao Lu
- College of Brewing and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.X.); (M.L.); (L.Q.); (D.Z.)
| | - Likang Qin
- College of Brewing and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.X.); (M.L.); (L.Q.); (D.Z.)
| | - Degang Zhao
- College of Brewing and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.X.); (M.L.); (L.Q.); (D.Z.)
- Guiyang Station for DUS Testing Center of New Plant Varieties of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China in Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Tingyuan Ren
- College of Brewing and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.X.); (M.L.); (L.Q.); (D.Z.)
- Guiyang Station for DUS Testing Center of New Plant Varieties of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China in Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
- Correspondence:
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Qu X, Guan P, Xu L, Liu B, Li M, Xu Z, Huang X, Han L. Riligustilide alleviates hepatic insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis in T2DM mice through multitarget actions. Phytother Res 2021; 36:462-474. [PMID: 34897854 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Riligustilide (RG), one of the dimeric phthalides of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong, was confirmed effective against many diseases. However, its effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated yet. The current study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic potential by which RG affects the pathogenesis of T2DM. Comprehensive insights into the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of RG on attenuating aberrant metabolism of glucose were determined in high-fat diet-induced T2DM mice and insulin-resistant (IR) HepG2 cells. In high-fat diet-induced C57BL/6J mice, RG administration significantly reduced hyperglycemia, decreased hyperinsulinemia, and ameliorated glucose intolerance. Mechanistically, RG activated PPARγ and insulin signaling pathway to improve insulin sensitivity, and increase glucose uptake as well as glycogenesis. In addition, RG also upregulated AMPK-TORC2-FoxO1 axis to attenuate gluconeogenesis in vivo and in vitro. According to the findings, RG may be a promising candidate for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Qu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peipei Guan
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixiao Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minglei Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaonan Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Han
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Ramalingam S, Karuppiah M, Thiruppathi M, Palanivelu S, Panchanatham S. Antioxidant potential of biflavonoid attenuates hyperglycemia by modulating the carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in high fat diet/streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Redox Rep 2021; 25:1-10. [PMID: 32013797 PMCID: PMC7034448 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2020.1722914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study was to isolate the biflavonoid (a bimolecular kaemferol structured molecule) and test its efficacy on oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolic key enzymes in control and high fat diet and streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. Methods: Type 2 diabetes was induced in male albino wistar rats by feeding them with high fat diet comprising of 84.3% standard laboratory chow, 5% lard, 10% yolk powder, cholesterol 0.2%, and 0.5% bile salt for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, the animals were kept in an overnight fast and injected with low dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, dissolved in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer, pH 4.5). Results: At the end of the experimental period, diabetic control rats showed significant increase in plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with concomitant decrease in plasma insulin, total hemoglobin and body weight. The activities of key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, lipid peroxidation markers, antioxidant enzymes, glycogen content and glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase were also altered in diabetic rats. Discussion: Oral administration of biflavonoid to diabetic rats significantly ameliorated all the biochemical alterations to near normal levels. The effect produced by the biflavonoid on various parameters was comparable to that of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Ramalingam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Chennai, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical &Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Muthu Karuppiah
- Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Muthusamy Thiruppathi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Xu J, Li T, Xia X, Fu C, Wang X, Zhao Y. Dietary Ginsenoside T19 Supplementation Regulates Glucose and Lipid Metabolism via AMPK and PI3K Pathways and Its Effect on Intestinal Microbiota. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:14452-14462. [PMID: 33237753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ginseng, as a functional food, is widely used worldwide because of its multifarious benefits. Studies have verified that 25-hydroxyl-protopanaxatriol (T19) is a new ginsenoside from ginseng, which had an important inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in vitro. This study aims to assess the regulation of T19 against glycolipid metabolism by insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and diabetes mice induced with high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ). T19 effectively lowered the levels of blood glucose and lipid, alleviated insulin resistance, and improved histological pathology of liver and pancreas. Further study demonstrated that regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase- and phosphoinositide-3-kinase-signaling pathways was involved in the potential mechanism of T19 efficiency. Simultaneously, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that T19 remarkably ameliorated the high-fat diet/STZ-induced disorders of intestinal microbiota by decreasing the value of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, and remarkably raised the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae family, which are the beneficial bacteria that can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. The results may provide clues for further understanding the mechanism of T19 in regulating glycolipid metabolism, and may provide a scientific basis for ginseng as a potential dietary food to prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Sciences and Biological Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chaofan Fu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xude Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Abstract
Pyroptosis plays a critical role in the development of obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistantance (IR). Ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), the main component of ginsenosides has drawn appreciable interest in the context of glucose metabolism. In the present study, we investigated Rb2-mediated protection against obesity-induced IR and the related mechanisms. Rb2 could significantly reduce high-fat diet (HFD)-induced body weight changes, fat accumulation and IR. In addition, Rb2 treatment inhibited pyroptosis-related genes and proteins, such as caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, IL-1β and GSDMD in HFD-fed mice. The above results were recapitulated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and demonstrated that Rb2 improved TNF-α induced IR and pyroptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, Rb2 reduced the phosphorylation levels of p65 and IκBα both in vitro and in vivo. The present study showed that Rb2, which could serve as a promising agent for the treatment of IR and obesity, ameliorated IR by inhibiting pyroptosis in adipocytes in vivo and in vitro through the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yepeng Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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11
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Mate A, Blanca AJ, Salsoso R, Toledo F, Stiefel P, Sobrevia L, Vázquez CM. Insulin Therapy in Pregnancy Hypertensive Diseases and its Effect on the Offspring and Mother Later in Life. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:455-464. [PMID: 30426902 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666181114125109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy hypertensive disorders such as Preeclampsia (PE) are strongly correlated with insulin resistance, a condition in which the metabolic handling of D-glucose is deficient. In addition, the impact of preeclampsia is enhanced by other insulin-resistant disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity. For this reason, there is a clear association between maternal insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity and the development of PE. However, whether PE is a consequence or the cause of these disorders is still unclear. Insulin therapy is usually recommended to pregnant women with diabetes mellitus when dietary and lifestyle measures have failed. The advantage of insulin therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) patients with hypertension is still controversial; surprisingly, there are no studies in which insulin therapy has been used in patients with hypertension in pregnancy without or with an established GDM. This review is focused on the use of insulin therapy in hypertensive disorders in the pregnancy and its effect on offspring and mother later in life. PubMed and relevant medical databases have been screened for literature covering research in the field especially in the last 5-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Mate
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/ Universidad de Sevilla, E- 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio J Blanca
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Salsoso
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Coronarias Agudas, Instituto del Corazón, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Fernando Toledo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillan 3780000, Chile.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Pablo Stiefel
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/ Universidad de Sevilla, E- 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carmen M Vázquez
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/ Universidad de Sevilla, E- 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Jayabalan N, Lai A, Nair S, Guanzon D, Scholz-Romero K, Palma C, McIntyre HD, Lappas M, Salomon C. Quantitative Proteomics by SWATH-MS Suggest an Association Between Circulating Exosomes and Maternal Metabolic Changes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Proteomics 2020; 19:e1800164. [PMID: 30536821 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Several factors including placental hormones (PH) released from the human placenta have been associated with the development of insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, circulating levels of PH does not correlate well with maternal insulin sensitivity across gestation, suggesting that other, previously unrecognized, mechanisms may be involved. The levels of circulating exosomes are higher in GDM compared to normal. GDM derived exosomes produce greater release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from endothelial cells compared to exosomes from normal, suggesting that their contents may differ compared to normal pregnancies. Using a quantitative, information-independent acquisition (Sequential Windowed Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra [SWATH]) approach, differentially abundant circulating exosome proteins are identified in women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and GDM at the time of GDM diagnosis. A total of 78 statistically significant proteins in the relative expression of exosomal proteins in GDM are compared with NGT. Bioinformatic analysis shows that the exosomal proteins in GDM target pathways are mainly associated with energy production, inflammation, and metabolism. Finally, an independent cohort of patients is used to validate some of the proteins identified by SWATH. The data obtained may be of utility in elucidating the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with insulin resistance in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthini Jayabalan
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Dominic Guanzon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Katherin Scholz-Romero
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Palma
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Harold David McIntyre
- Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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13
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Alkhaldy AA, Rizq NK, Del Jaylan SA, Alkendi EA, Alghamdi WM, Alfaraidi SM. Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Relation to Insulin Resistance in Young Overweight Saudi Females: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 24:373-380. [PMID: 31915631 PMCID: PMC6941727 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the development of several chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is an increasing health concern in Saudi Arabia. Diet and physical activity have been postulated to affect insulin resistance; however, their effects on development of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate whether diet and physical inactivity increases the risk of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females. In a cross-sectional study, 42 overweight female Saudi students, aged between 20 and 30 years, were recruited from King Abdul-Aziz University. A questionnaire was used to collect demographics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, and food frequency data. Blood biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin) were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment 2 (HOMA2)-insulin resistance (IR) scores. A significant difference in median body mass index (BMI) was observed between the HOMA2-IR normal and HOMA2-IR raised index groups (P=0.04). In terms of dietary habits, the insulin resistant group had a higher intake of canned beverages compared with the normal group (P=0.03). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or body fat percentage. The lipid profile also did not significantly differ between the two groups. This study demonstrates significant differences in HOMA2-IR-defined insulin resistance according to subjects’ BMI and canned beverage intake. A larger study is needed to confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Ali Alkhaldy
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Kamal Rizq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A Del Jaylan
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Ali Alkendi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wijdan Mohammed Alghamdi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Mohammed Alfaraidi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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14
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Łagowska K, Bajerska J, Jamka M. The Role of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1637. [PMID: 30400199 PMCID: PMC6266903 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation (alone or with co-supplementation) on insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS We performed a literature search of databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library) and identified all reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published prior to April 2018. We compared the effects of supplementation with vitamin D alone (dose from 1000 IU/d to 60,000 IU/week) or with co-supplements to the administration of placebos in women diagnosed with PCOS. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero) as number CRD42018090572. MAIN RESULTS Eleven of 345 identified studies were included in the analysis; these involved 601women diagnosed with PCOS. Vitamin D as a co-supplement was found to significantly decrease fasting glucose concentrations and the HOMA-IR value. HOMA-IR also declined significantly when vitamin D was supplemented with a dose lower than 4000 IU/d. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from RCTs suggests that the supplementation of PCOS patients with continuous low doses of vitamin D (<4000 IU/d) or supplementation with vitamin D as a co-supplement may improve insulin sensitivity in terms of the fasting glucose concentration (supplementation with vitamin D in combination with other micronutrients) and HOMA-IR (supplementation with vitamin D in continuous low daily doses or as co-supplement).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łagowska
- Institute ofHuman Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Joanna Bajerska
- Institute ofHuman Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Jamka
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland.
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15
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Abstract
To maintain its high energy demand the heart is equipped with a highly complex and efficient enzymatic machinery that orchestrates ATP production using multiple energy substrates, namely fatty acids, carbohydrates (glucose and lactate), ketones and amino acids. The contribution of these individual substrates to ATP production can dramatically change, depending on such variables as substrate availability, hormonal status and energy demand. This "metabolic flexibility" is a remarkable virtue of the heart, which allows utilization of different energy substrates at different rates to maintain contractile function. In heart failure, cardiac function is reduced, which is accompanied by discernible energy metabolism perturbations and impaired metabolic flexibility. While it is generally agreed that overall mitochondrial ATP production is impaired in the failing heart, there is less consensus as to what actual switches in energy substrate preference occur. The failing heart shift toward a greater reliance on glycolysis and ketone body oxidation as a source of energy, with a decrease in the contribution of glucose oxidation to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. The heart also becomes insulin resistant. However, there is less consensus as to what happens to fatty acid oxidation in heart failure. While it is generally believed that fatty acid oxidation decreases, a number of clinical and experimental studies suggest that fatty acid oxidation is either not changed or is increased in heart failure. Of importance, is that any metabolic shift that does occur has the potential to aggravate cardiac dysfunction and the progression of the heart failure. An increasing body of evidence shows that increasing cardiac ATP production and/or modulating cardiac energy substrate preference positively correlates with heart function and can lead to better outcomes. This includes increasing glucose and ketone oxidation and decreasing fatty acid oxidation. In this review we present the physiology of the energy metabolism pathways in the heart and the changes that occur in these pathways in heart failure. We also look at the interventions which are aimed at manipulating the myocardial metabolic pathways toward more efficient substrate utilization which will eventually improve cardiac performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gary D. Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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16
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Li Y, Yang P, Chang Q, Wang J, Liu J, Lv Y, Wang TTY, Gao B, Zhang Y, Yu LL. Inhibitory Effect of Piceatannol on TNF-α-Mediated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:4634-4641. [PMID: 28535046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Piceatannol, a bioactive component in grape and blueberry, was examined for its potential in decreasing the inflammatory activities in adipocytes using a cocultured adipocyte and macrophage system, and suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated inflammation and the related insulin resistance using a 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. Piceatannol at 10 μM significantly reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by 19 and 31% in the cocultured system, respectively. Pretreatment with piceatannol also inhibited TNF-α-induced expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and MCP-1 at both mRNA and protein levels in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Piceatannol also partially improved the malfunction of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, which was reduced by TNF-α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, the inhibitions were mediated by significant blocking of IκBα phosphorylation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation through suppressing nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 along with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. In addition, the Akt-dependent forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway was involved in the restoration of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through suppressing the down-regulation of phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1 expressions. These results suggested the potential of piceatannol in improving chronic inflammatory condition and insulin sensitivity in obese adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University , Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Puyu Yang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qimeng Chang
- Department of Surgery, Fudan University Minhang Hospital , Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University , Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University , Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Thomas T Y Wang
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Boyan Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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17
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Yang YJ, Sheu BS. Metabolic Interaction of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms. 2016;4. [PMID: 27681909 PMCID: PMC5029520 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms4010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a barrier, gut commensal microbiota can protect against potential pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Crosstalk between gut microbes and immune cells promotes human intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of many human metabolic disorders like obesity, hepatic steatohepatitis, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Certain microbes, such as butyrate-producing bacteria, are lower in T2D patients. The transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome, but the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. H. pylori in the human stomach cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers. H. pylori infection also induces insulin resistance and has been defined as a predisposing factor to T2D development. Gastric and fecal microbiota may have been changed in H. pylori-infected persons and mice to promote gastric inflammation and specific diseases. However, the interaction of H. pylori and gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism also remains unknown. Further studies aim to identify the H. pylori-microbiota-host metabolism axis and to test if H. pylori eradication or modification of gut microbiota can improve the control of human metabolic disorders.
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18
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Chen Y, Zhang C, Jin MN, Qin N, Qiao W, Yue XL, Duan HQ, Niu WY. Flavonoid derivative exerts an antidiabetic effect via AMPK activation in diet-induced obesity mice. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:1988-92. [PMID: 26511291 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, a derivative of tiliroside, 3-O-[(E)-4-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl]kaempferol (Fla-OEt) significantly enhanced glucose consumption in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. This article deals with the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Fla-OEt in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. Daily administration of Fla-OEt significantly decreased oral glucose tolerance test, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test and serum lipids. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and the ratio of high-density-lipoprotein/low-density-lipoprotein with Fla-OEt treatment were increased comparing with high-fat diet (HFD) group, so lipid metabolism was improved. Histopathology examination showed that the Fla-OEt restored the damage of adipose tissues and liver in DIO mice. Moreover, compared with HFD group, Fla-OEt treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in adiposity tissues, liver, and muscles. The mechanism of its action might be the activation of AMPK pathway. It appears that Fla-OEt is worth further study for development as a lead compound for a potential antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- a Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Zhang
- b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Na Jin
- b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Qin
- a Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China.,b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiao
- b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Yue
- b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Quan Duan
- a Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China.,b Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yan Niu
- c Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Educational Ministry of China, Department of Immunology , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , People's Republic of China
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Van Name M, Giannini C, Santoro N, Jastreboff A, Kubat J, Li F, Kursawe R, Savoye M, Duran E, Dziura J, Sinha R, Sherwin R, Cline G, Caprio S. Blunted suppression of acyl-ghrelin in response to fructose ingestion in obese adolescents: the role of insulin resistance. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:653-61. [PMID: 25645909 PMCID: PMC4548801 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fructose consumption has risen alongside obesity and diabetes. Gut hormones involved in hunger and satiety (ghrelin and PYY) may respond differently to fructose compared with glucose ingestion. This study evaluated the effects of glucose and fructose ingestion on ghrelin and PYY in lean and obese adolescents with differing insulin sensitivity. METHODS Adolescents were divided into lean (n = 14), obese insulin sensitive (n = 12) (OIS), and obese insulin resistant (n = 15) (OIR). In a double-blind, cross-over design, subjects drank 75 g of glucose or fructose in random order, serum was obtained every 10 minutes for 60 minutes. RESULTS Baseline acyl-ghrelin was highest in lean and lowest in OIR (P = 0.02). After glucose ingestion, acyl-ghrelin decreased similarly in lean and OIS but was lower in OIR (vs. lean, P = 0.03). Suppression differences were more pronounced after fructose (lean vs. OIS, P = 0.008, lean vs. OIR, P < 0.001). OIS became significantly hungrier after fructose (P = 0.015). PYY was not significantly different at baseline, varied minimally after glucose, and rose after fructose. CONCLUSIONS Compared with lean, OIS adolescents have impaired acyl-ghrelin responses to fructose but not glucose, whereas OIR adolescents have blunted responses to both. Diminished suppression of acyl-ghrelin in childhood obesity, particularly if accompanied by insulin resistance, may promote hunger and overeating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Van Name
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Ania Jastreboff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Jessica Kubat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Fangyong Li
- Yale School of Public Health, 464 Congress Street, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Romy Kursawe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Mary Savoye
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Elvira Duran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - James Dziura
- Yale School of Public Health, 464 Congress Street, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Stress Center, 2 Church Street South, Suite 209, New Haven, CT 06519
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Robert Sherwin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Gary Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, 333 Cedar Street, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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20
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Wang ZQ, Zuberi AR, Zhang XH, Macgowan J, Qin J, Ye X, Son L, Wu Q, Lian K, Cefalu WT. Effects of dietary fibers on weight gain, carbohydrate metabolism, and gastric ghrelin gene expression in mice fed a high-fat diet. Metabolism 2007; 56:1635-42. [PMID: 17998014 PMCID: PMC2730183 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diets that are high in dietary fiber are reported to have substantial health benefits. We sought to compare the metabolic effects of 3 types of dietary fibers -- sugarcane fiber (SCF), psyllium (PSY), and cellulose (CEL) -- on body weight, carbohydrate metabolism, and stomach ghrelin gene expression in a high-fat diet-fed mouse model. Thirty-six male mice (C57BL/6) were randomly divided into 4 groups that consumed high-fat diet alone (HFD) or high-fat diet containing 10% SCF, PSY, and CEL, respectively. After baseline measurements were assessed for body weight, plasma insulin, glucose, leptin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), animals were treated for 12 weeks. Parameters were reevaluated at the end of study. Whereas there was no difference at the baseline, body weight gains in the PSY and SCF groups were significantly lower than in the CEL group at the end of study. No difference in body weight was observed between the PSY and SCF animals. Body composition analysis demonstrated that fat mass in the SCF group was considerably lower than in the CEL and HFD groups. In addition, fasting plasma glucose and insulin and areas under the curve of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test were also significantly lower in the SCF and PSY groups than in the CEL and HFD groups. Moreover, fasting plasma concentrations of leptin were significantly lower and GLP-1 level was 2-fold higher in the SCF and PSY mice than in the HFD and CEL mice. Ghrelin messenger RNA levels of stomach in the SCF group were significantly lower than in the CEL and HFD groups as well. These results suggest differences in response to dietary fiber intake in this animal model because high-fat diets incorporating dietary fibers such as SCF and PSY appeared to attenuate weight gain, enhance insulin sensitivity, and modulate leptin and GLP-1 secretion and gastric ghrelin gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Q Wang
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Division of Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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