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Sigle M, Rohlfing AK, Cruz Santos M, Kopp T, Krutzke K, Gidlund V, Kollotzek F, Marzi J, von Ungern-Sternberg S, Poso A, Heikenwälder M, Schenke-Layland K, Seizer P, Möllmann J, Marx N, Feil R, Feil S, Lukowski R, Borst O, Schäffer TE, Müller KAL, Gawaz MP, Heinzmann D. Targeting Cyclophilin A in the Cardiac Microenvironment Preserves Heart Function and Structure in Failing Hearts. Circ Res 2024; 135:758-773. [PMID: 39140165 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by remodeling of the myocardium, which involves alterations in the ECM (extracellular matrix) and cardiomyocyte structure. These alterations critically contribute to impaired contractility and relaxation, ultimately leading to heart failure. Emerging evidence implicates that extracellular signaling molecules are critically involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. The immunophilin CyPA (cyclophilin A) has been identified as a potential culprit. In this study, we aimed to unravel the interplay between eCyPA (extracellular CyPA) and myocardial dysfunction and evaluate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting its extracellular accumulation to improve heart function. METHODS Employing a multidisciplinary approach encompassing in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments we studied a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and human heart specimen to decipher the interaction of CyPA and the cardiac microenvironment in highly relevant pre-/clinical settings. Myocardial expression of CyPA (immunohistology) and the inflammatory transcriptome (NanoString) was analyzed in human cardiac tissue derived from patients with nonischemic, noninflammatory congestive heart failure (n=187). These analyses were paralleled by a mouse model of Ang (angiotensin) II-induced heart failure, which was assessed by functional (echocardiography), structural (immunohistology, atomic force microscopy), and biomolecular (Raman spectroscopy) analyses. The effect of inhibiting eCyPA in the cardiac microenvironment was evaluated using a newly developed neutralizing anti-eCyPA monoclonal antibody. RESULTS We observed a significant accumulation of eCyPA in both human and murine-failing hearts. Importantly, higher eCyPA expression was associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients (P=0.043) and contractile dysfunction in mice (Pearson correlation coefficient, -0.73). Further, myocardial expression of eCyPA was critically associated with an increase in myocardial hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, stiffness, and cardiac dysfunction in vivo. Antibody-based inhibition of eCyPA prevented (Ang II)-induced myocardial remodeling and dysfunction in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides strong evidence of the pathogenic role of eCyPA in remodeling, myocardial stiffening, and dysfunction in heart failure. The findings suggest that antibody-based inhibition of eCyPA may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for nonischemic heart failure. Further research is needed to evaluate the translational potential of these interventions in human patients with cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sigle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.C.S., R.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Timo Kopp
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Krutzke
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vincent Gidlund
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Kollotzek
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-Inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology (F.K., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Marzi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen Reutlingen, Germany (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.)
| | - Saskia von Ungern-Sternberg
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Now with Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany (S.U.-S.)
| | - Antti Poso
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio (A.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany (A.P.)
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery and Development (TüCAD2), Tübingen, Germany (A.P.)
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre Heidelberg (DKFZ), Germany (M.H.)
- University Tübingen, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Cancer Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation, M3-Research Center for Malignome, Metabolome and Microbiome (M.H.)
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," (J. Marzi, A.P., K.S.-L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen Reutlingen, Germany (J. Marzi, K.S.-L.)
| | - Peter Seizer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- Now with Aalen, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Julia Möllmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J. Möllmann, N.M.)
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (J. Möllmann, N.M.)
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (IFIB) (T.K., R.F., S.F.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy (M.C.S., R.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-Inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology (F.K., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman E Schäffer
- Institute for Applied Physics (K.K., V.G., T.E.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Anne Lydia Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad P Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Heinzmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.S., A.-K.R., F.K., S.U.-S., P.S., O.B., K.A.L.M., M.P.G., D.H.), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Yehia A, Abulseoud OA. Melatonin: a ferroptosis inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy for the post-COVID-19 trajectory of accelerated brain aging and neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:36. [PMID: 38641847 PMCID: PMC11031980 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 swept millions of lives in a short period, yet its menace continues among its survivors in the form of post-COVID syndrome. An exponentially growing number of COVID-19 survivors suffer from cognitive impairment, with compelling evidence of a trajectory of accelerated aging and neurodegeneration. The novel and enigmatic nature of this yet-to-unfold pathology demands extensive research seeking answers for both the molecular underpinnings and potential therapeutic targets. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is a strongly proposed underlying mechanism in post-COVID-19 aging and neurodegeneration discourse. COVID-19 incites neuroinflammation, iron dysregulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant system repression, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disruption, and clock gene alteration. These events pave the way for ferroptosis, which shows its signature in COVID-19, premature aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. In the search for a treatment, melatonin shines as a promising ferroptosis inhibitor with its repeatedly reported safety and tolerability. According to various studies, melatonin has proven efficacy in attenuating the severity of certain COVID-19 manifestations, validating its reputation as an anti-viral compound. Melatonin has well-documented anti-aging properties and combating neurodegenerative-related pathologies. Melatonin can block the leading events of ferroptosis since it is an efficient anti-inflammatory, iron chelator, antioxidant, angiotensin II antagonist, and clock gene regulator. Therefore, we propose ferroptosis as the culprit behind the post-COVID-19 trajectory of aging and neurodegeneration and melatonin, a well-fitting ferroptosis inhibitor, as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Yehia
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Osama A Abulseoud
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
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Reiter RJ, Sharma R, Chuffa LGDA, Simko F, Dominguez-Rodriguez A. Mitochondrial Melatonin: Beneficial Effects in Protecting against Heart Failure. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38255703 PMCID: PMC10820220 DOI: 10.3390/life14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the cause of physical infirmity and thousands of deaths annually. Typically, during heart failure, cardiomyocyte mitochondria falter in terms of energy production and metabolic processing. Additionally, inflammation and the accumulation of non-contractile fibrous tissue contribute to cardiac malfunction. Melatonin, an endogenously produced molecule, experimentally reduces the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, which are often the basis of coronary artery disease. The current review critically analyzes published data related to the experimental use of melatonin to forestall coronary artery pathologies. Collectively, these studies document melatonin's anti-atherosclerotic actions in reducing LDL oxidation and triglyceride levels, lowering endothelial malfunction, limiting adhesion molecule formation, preventing macrophage polarization to the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, changing cellular metabolism, scavenging destructive reactive oxygen species, preventing the proliferation and invasion of arterial smooth muscle cells into the lesioned area, restricting the ingrowth of blood vessels from the vasa vasorum, and solidifying the plaque cap to reduce the chance of its rupture. Diabetic hyperglycemia, which aggravates atherosclerotic plaque formation, is also inhibited by melatonin supplementation in experimental animals. The potential value of non-toxic melatonin as a possible inhibitor of cardiac pathology in humans should be seriously considered by performing clinical trials using this multifunctional molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Applied Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78235, USA
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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Chang CC, Cheng HC, Chou WC, Huang YT, Hsieh PL, Chu PM, Lee SD. Sesamin suppresses angiotensin-II-enhanced oxidative stress and hypertrophic markers in H9c2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2165-2172. [PMID: 37357850 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy plays a crucial role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Myocardial hypertrophy is an adaptive response by myocardial cells to stress after cardiac injury to maintain cardiac output and function. Angiotensin II (Ang-II) regulates CVD through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and its signaling in cardiac myocytes leads to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Sesamin (SA), a natural compound in sesame seeds, has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. This study investigated whether SA could attenuate hypertrophic damage and oxidative injuries in H9c2 cells under Ang-II stimulation. We found that SA decreased the cell surface area. Furthermore, Ang-II treatment reduced Ang-II-increased ANP, BNP, and β-MHC expression. Ang-II enhanced NADPH oxidase activity, ROS formation, and decreased Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity. SA treatment reduces Ang-II-caused oxidative injuries. We also found that SA mitigates Ang-II-induced apoptosis and pro-inflammatory responses. In conclusion, SA could attenuate Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophic injuries by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in H9c2 cells. Therefore, SA might be a potential supplement for CVD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Chang
- Department of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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5
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Maleksabet H, Rezaee E, Tabatabai SA. Host-Cell Surface Binding Targets in SARS-CoV-2 for Drug Design. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3583-3591. [PMID: 36420875 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221123111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became a major public health threat to all countries worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 interactions with its receptor are the first step in the invasion of the host cell. The coronavirus spike protein (S) is crucial in binding to receptors on host cells. Additionally, targeting the SARS-CoV-2 viral receptors is considered a therapeutic option in this regard. In this review of literature, we summarized five potential host cell receptors, as host-cell surface bindings, including angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), neuropilin 1 (NRP-1), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), glucose regulated protein-78 (GRP78), and cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) related to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these targets, ACE2 was recognized as the main SARS-CoV-2 receptor, expressed at a low/moderate level in the human respiratory system, which is also involved in SARS-CoV-2 entrance, so the virus may utilize other secondary receptors. Besides ACE2, CD147 was discovered as a novel SARS-CoV-2 receptor, CD147 appears to be an alternate receptor for SARSCoV- 2 infection. NRP-1, as a single-transmembrane glycoprotein, has been recently found to operate as an entrance factor and enhance SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection under in-vitro. DPP4, which was discovered as the first gene clustered with ACE2, may serve as a potential SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding target. GRP78 could be recognized as a secondary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 because it is widely expressed at substantially greater levels, rather than ACE2, in bronchial epithelial cells and the respiratory mucosa. This review highlights recent literature on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Maleksabet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Rezaee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Abbas Tabatabai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Begum R, Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM, Lucy TT, Pramanik MK, Sil BK, Mukerjee N, Tagde P, Yagi M, Yonei Y. Potential Therapeutic Approach of Melatonin against Omicron and Some Other Variants of SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2022; 27:6934. [PMID: 36296527 PMCID: PMC9609612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Omicron variant (B.529) of COVID-19 caused disease outbreaks worldwide because of its contagious and diverse mutations. To reduce these outbreaks, therapeutic drugs and adjuvant vaccines have been applied for the treatment of the disease. However, these drugs have not shown high efficacy in reducing COVID-19 severity, and even antiviral drugs have not shown to be effective. Researchers thus continue to search for an effective adjuvant therapy with a combination of drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19 disease. We were motivated to consider melatonin as a defensive agent against SARS-CoV-2 because of its various unique properties. Over 200 scientific publications have shown the significant effects of melatonin in treating diseases, with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Melatonin has a high safety profile, but it needs further clinical trials and experiments for use as a therapeutic agent against the Omicron variant of COVID-19. It might immediately be able to prevent the development of severe symptoms caused by the coronavirus and can reduce the severity of the infection by improving immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahima Begum
- Department of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - A. N. M. Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 TataraMiyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Str., Pittsburgh, PA 15231, USA
| | - Tanzima Tarannum Lucy
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 TataraMiyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Md. Kamruzzaman Pramanik
- Microbiology and Industrial Irradiation Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Bijon Kumar Sil
- Department of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata 700118, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Sydney 37729, Australia
| | - Priti Tagde
- Patel College of Pharmacy, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal 462044, India
| | - Masayuki Yagi
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 TataraMiyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yonei
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 TataraMiyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
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Tobeiha M, Jafari A, Fadaei S, Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Amiri A, Khan H, Asemi Z, Reiter RJ, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:888319. [PMID: 35795371 PMCID: PMC9251346 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.888319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland which produces melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone with critical physiological roles in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to possess anti-oxidant activity and neuroprotective properties. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has significant functions in cardiovascular disease, and may have anti-aging properties. The ability of melatonin to decrease primary hypertension needs to be more extensively evaluated. Melatonin has shown significant benefits in reducing cardiac pathology, and preventing the death of cardiac muscle in response to ischemia-reperfusion in rodent species. Moreover, melatonin may also prevent the hypertrophy of the heart muscle under some circumstances, which in turn would lessen the development of heart failure. Several currently used conventional drugs show cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect. Recent rodent studies have shown that melatonin acts as an anti-oxidant and is effective in suppressing heart damage mediated by pharmacologic drugs. Therefore, melatonin has been shown to have cardioprotective activity in multiple animal and human studies. Herein, we summarize the most established benefits of melatonin in the cardiovascular system with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Fadaei
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Cook JR, Ausiello J. Functional ACE2 deficiency leading to angiotensin imbalance in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:151-170. [PMID: 34195965 PMCID: PMC8245275 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09663-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, uses angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its primary cell-surface receptor. ACE2 is a key enzyme in the counter-regulatory pathway of the broader renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that has been implicated in a broad array of human pathology. The RAS is composed of two competing pathways that work in opposition to each other: the "conventional" arm involving angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) generating angiotensin-2 and the more recently identified ACE2 pathway that generates angiotensin (1-7). Following the original SARS pandemic, additional studies suggested that coronaviral binding to ACE2 resulted in downregulation of the membrane-bound enzyme. Given the similarities between the two viruses, many have posited a similar process with SARS-CoV-2. Proponents of this ACE2 deficiency model argue that downregulation of ACE2 limits its enzymatic function, thereby skewing the delicate balance between the two competing arms of the RAS. In this review we critically examine this model. The available data remain incomplete but are consistent with the possibility that the broad multisystem dysfunction of COVID-19 is due in large part to functional ACE2 deficiency leading to angiotensin imbalance with consequent immune dysregulation and endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Cook
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Ausiello
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Behl T, Kaur I, Aleya L, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Bungau S. CD147-spike protein interaction in COVID-19: Get the ball rolling with a novel receptor and therapeutic target. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152072. [PMID: 34863742 PMCID: PMC8634688 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The combat against the Corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), has created a chaos among the healthcare institutions and researchers, in turn accelerating the dire need to curtail the infection spread. The already established entry mechanism, via ACE2 has not yet successfully aided in the development of a suitable and reliable therapy. Taking in account the constant progression and deterioration of the cases worldwide, a different perspective and mechanistic approach is required, which has thrown light onto the cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) transmembrane protein, as a novel route for SARS-CoV-2 entry. Despite lesser affinity towards COVID-19 virus, as compared to ACE2, this receptor provides a suitable justification behind elevated blood glucose levels in infected patients, retarded COVID-19 risk in women, enhanced susceptibility in geriatrics, greater infection susceptibility of T cells, infection prevalence in non-susceptible human cardiac pericytes and so on. The manuscript invokes the title role and distribution of CD147 in COVID-19 as an entry receptor and mediator of endocytosis-promoted entry of the virus, along with the "catch and clump" hypothesis, thereby presenting its Fundamental significance as a therapeutic target for potential candidates, such as Azithromycin, melatonin, statins, beta adrenergic blockers, ivermectin, Meplazumab etc. Thus, the authors provide a comprehensive review of a different perspective in COVID-19 infection, aiming to aid the researchers and virologists in considering all aspects of viral entry, in order to develop a sustainable and potential cure for the 2019 COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, France
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania.
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10
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Shchetinin E, Baturin V, Arushanyan E, Bolatchiev A, Bobryshev D. Potential and Possible Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin on SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:140. [PMID: 35052644 PMCID: PMC8772978 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of effective drugs for COVID-19 prevention and treatment requires the search for new candidates among approved medicines. Fundamental studies and clinical observations allow us to approach an understanding of the mechanisms of damage and protection from exposure to SARS-CoV-2, to identify possible points of application for pharmacological interventions. In this review we presented studies on the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunotropic properties of melatonin. We have attempted to present scientifically proven mechanisms of action for the potential therapeutic use of melatonin during SARS-CoV-2 infection. A wide range of pharmacological properties allows its inclusion as an effective addition to the methods of prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Shchetinin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Stavropol State Medical University, 355000 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Vladimir Baturin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Stavropol State Medical University, 355000 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Eduard Arushanyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Stavropol State Medical University, 355000 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Albert Bolatchiev
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Stavropol State Medical University, 355000 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Bobryshev
- Center of Personalized Medicine, Stavropol State Medical University, 355000 Stavropol, Russia
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11
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Romero A, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Gil-Martín E, Escames G, Reiter RJ. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Its Neuroinvasive Capacity: Is It Time for Melatonin? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:489-500. [PMID: 32772307 PMCID: PMC7415199 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The world faces an exceptional new public health concern caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), subsequently termed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although the clinical symptoms mostly have been characterized, the scientific community still doesn´t know how SARS-CoV-2 successfully reaches and spreads throughout the central nervous system (CNS) inducing brain damage. The recent detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in frontal lobe sections from postmortem examination has confirmed the presence of the virus in neural tissue. This finding reveals a new direction in the search for a neurotherapeutic strategy in the COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases. Here, we discuss the COVID-19 outbreak in a neuroinvasiveness context and suggest the therapeutic use of high doses of melatonin, which may favorably modulate the immune response and neuroinflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, clinical trials elucidating the efficacy of melatonin in the prevention and clinical management in the COVID-19 patients should be actively encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- grid.449750.b0000 0004 1769 4416Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/ Castillo de Alarcón 49, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i+12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain ,grid.410919.40000 0001 2152 2367Portucalense Institute of Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioural Neurosciences (INPP), Portucalense University, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 541, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Thematic Network for Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Addictive Disorders Network, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Gil-Martín
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.507088.2Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
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12
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Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Gil-Martín E, Egea J, Álvarez-Merz I, Painuli S, Semwal P, Martins N, Hernández-Guijo JM, Romero A. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1152. [PMID: 34356384 PMCID: PMC8301107 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections constitute a tectonic convulsion in the normophysiology of the hosts. The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is not an exception, and therefore the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, like any other invading microbe, enacts a generalized immune response once the virus contacts the body. Melatonin is a systemic dealer that does not overlook any homeostasis disturbance, which consequently brings into play its cooperative triad, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulant backbone, to stop the infective cycle of SARS-CoV-2 or any other endogenous or exogenous threat. In COVID-19, the corporal propagation of SARS-CoV-2 involves an exacerbated oxidative activity and therefore the overproduction of great amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). The endorsement of melatonin as a possible protective agent against the current pandemic is indirectly supported by its widely demonstrated beneficial role in preclinical and clinical studies of other respiratory diseases. In addition, focusing the therapeutic action on strengthening the host protection responses in critical phases of the infective cycle makes it likely that multi-tasking melatonin will provide multi-protection, maintaining its efficacy against the virus variants that are already emerging and will emerge as long as SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate among us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/Castillo de Alarcón 49, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain;
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i + 12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Portucalense Institute of Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioural Neurosciences (INPP), Portucalense University, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 541, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Thematic Network for Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Addictive Disorders Network, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Gil-Martín
- Nutrition, Food & Plant Science Group NF1, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Javier Egea
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Álvarez-Merz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.Á.-M.); (J.M.H.-G.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India; (S.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India; (S.P.); (P.S.)
- Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Jesús M. Hernández-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Teófilo Hernando Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.Á.-M.); (J.M.H.-G.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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13
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Zhang C, Li N, Suo M, Zhang C, Liu J, Liu L, Qi Y, Zheng X, Xie L, Hu Y, Bu P. Sirtuin 3 deficiency aggravates angiotensin II-induced hypertensive cardiac injury by the impairment of lymphangiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7760-7771. [PMID: 34180125 PMCID: PMC8358873 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is possibly capable of attenuating hypertension‐induced cardiac injury. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an effective mitochondrial deacetylase that has the potential to modulate this process; however, its role in hypertension‐induced cardiac lymphangiogenesis to date has not been investigated. Our experiments were performed on 8‐week‐old wild‐type (WT), SIRT3 knockout (SIRT3‐KO) and SIRT3 overexpression (SIRT3‐LV) mice infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) (1000 ng/kg per minute) or saline for 28 days. After Ang II infusion, SIRT3‐KO mice developed a more severe cardiac remodelling, less lymphatic capillaries and lower expression of lymphatic marker when compared to wild‐type mice. In comparison, SIRT3‐LV restored lymphangiogenesis and attenuated cardiac injury. Furthermore, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) exposed to Ang II in vitro exhibited decreased migration and proliferation. Silencing SIRT3 induced functional decrease in LECs, while SIRT3 overexpression LECs facilitated. Moreover, SIRT3 may up‐regulate lymphangiogenesis by affecting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) and ERK pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT3 could promote lymphangiogenesis and attenuate hypertensive cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengying Suo
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingxin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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14
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Cao M, Mao Z, Peng M, Zhao Q, Sun X, Yan J, Yuan W. Extracellular cyclophilin A induces cardiac hypertrophy via the ERK/p47phox pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110990. [PMID: 32805334 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a critical driver of cardiac hypertrophy developing into heart failure. Cyclophilin A (CyPA), a member of the cyclophilin family, has been highlighted as a main secreted ROS-induced factor. The mechanism by which extracellular CyPA interacts with cardiomyocytes is unclear. We showed that extracellular CyPA is upregulated in cardiac hypertrophy rats and expressed around hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Cell experiments further confirmed that extracellular CyPA induces H9c2 cardiomyocytes hypertrophy via ROS generation. Extracellular CyPA-induced ROS is derived from nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and extracellular CyPA activates p47phox membrane translocation through ERK1/2 pathway. When blocking extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), most of the extracellular CyPA effects were significantly inhibited. The current study shows that extracellular CyPA is one of the key factors linking oxidative stress and cardiac hypertrophy, and may be a potential target for cardiac hypertrophy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Ziqi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Meiling Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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15
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Sehirli AO, Sayiner S, Serakinci N. Role of melatonin in the treatment of COVID-19; as an adjuvant through cluster differentiation 147 (CD147). Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8229-8233. [PMID: 32920757 PMCID: PMC7486968 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak quickly has turned into a pandemic. However, no specific antiviral agent is yet available. In this communication, we aimed to evaluate the significance of CD147 protein and the potential protective effect of melatonin that is mediated by this protein in COVID-19. CD147 is a glycoprotein that is responsible for the cytokine storm in the lungs through the mediation of viral invasion. Melatonin use previously was shown to reduce cardiac damage by blocking the CD147 activity. Hence, melatonin, a safe drug, may prevent severe symptoms, reduce symptom severity and the adverse effects of the other antiviral drugs in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, the use of melatonin, which is reduced in the elderly and immune-compromised patients, should be considered as an adjuvant through its CD147 suppressor and immunomodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Ozer Sehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Serkan Sayiner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Nedime Serakinci
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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16
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Cao M, Yuan W, Peng M, Mao Z, Zhao Q, Sun X, Yan J. Role of CyPA in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20193190. [PMID: 31825469 PMCID: PMC6928530 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a complex process and eventually develops into heart failure, in which the heart responds to various intrinsic or external stress, involving increased interstitial fibrosis, cell death and cardiac dysfunction. Studies have shown that oxidative stress is an important mechanism for this maladaptation. Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a member of the cyclophilin (CyPs) family. Many cells secrete CyPA to the outside of the cells in response to oxidative stress. CyPA from blood vessels and the heart itself participate in a variety of signaling pathways to regulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediate inflammation, promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts, stimulate endothelial injury and vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia, and promote the dissolution of extracellular matrix (ECM) by activating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The events triggered by CyPA cause a decline of diastolic and systolic function and finally lead to the occurrence of heart failure. This article aims to introduce the role and mechanism of CyPA in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, and highlights its potential role as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Meiling Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Ziqi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
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17
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Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Roles of Mitochondria CYP1B1 and Melatonergic Pathways in Co-Ordinating Wider Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164068. [PMID: 31434333 PMCID: PMC6720185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) can be adaptive, as arising from exercise, or pathological, most commonly when driven by hypertension. The pathophysiology of LVH is consistently associated with an increase in cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and a decrease in sirtuins and mitochondria functioning. Treatment is usually targeted to hypertension management, although it is widely accepted that treatment outcomes could be improved with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy targeted interventions. The current article reviews the wide, but disparate, bodies of data pertaining to LVH pathoetiology and pathophysiology, proposing a significant role for variations in the N-acetylserotonin (NAS)/melatonin ratio within mitochondria in driving the biological underpinnings of LVH. Heightened levels of mitochondria CYP1B1 drive the ‘backward’ conversion of melatonin to NAS, resulting in a loss of the co-operative interactions of melatonin and sirtuin-3 within mitochondria. NAS activates the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor, TrkB, leading to raised trophic signalling via cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP)-response element binding protein (CREB) and the MAPKs, which are significantly increased in LVH. The gut microbiome may be intimately linked to how stress and depression associate with LVH and hypertension, with gut microbiome derived butyrate, and other histone deacetylase inhibitors, significant modulators of the melatonergic pathways and LVH more generally. This provides a model of LVH that has significant treatment and research implications.
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18
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Jafari‐Vayghan H, Saleh‐Ghadimi S, Maleki V, Moludi J, Alizadeh M. The effects of melatonin on neurohormonal regulation in cardiac cachexia: A mechanistic review. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16340-16351. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Jafari‐Vayghan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Sevda Saleh‐Ghadimi
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Hosseinzadeh A, Javad-Moosavi SA, Reiter RJ, Yarahmadi R, Ghaznavi H, Mehrzadi S. Oxidative/nitrosative stress, autophagy and apoptosis as therapeutic targets of melatonin in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:1049-1061. [PMID: 30445883 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1541318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease associated with disruption of alveolar epithelial cell layer and expansion of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. Excessive levels of oxidative/nitrosative stress, induction of apoptosis, and insufficient autophagy may be involved in IPF pathogenesis; hence, the targeting of these pathways may ameliorate IPF. Areas covered: We describe the ameliorative effect of melatonin on IPF. We summarize the research on IPF pathogenesis with a focus on oxidative/nitrosative stress, autophagy and apoptosis pathways and discuss the potential effects of melatonin on these pathways. Expert opinion: Oxidative/nitrosative stress, apoptosis and autophagy could be interesting targets for therapeutic intervention in IPF. Melatonin, as a potent antioxidant, induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes, scavenges free radicals and modulates apoptosis and autophagy pathways. The effect of melatonin in the induction of autophagy could be an important mechanism against fibrotic process in IPF lungs. Further clinical studies are necessary to determine if melatonin could be a candidate for treating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- a Razi Drug Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- c Department of Cellular and Structural Biology , UT Health , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Rasoul Yarahmadi
- d Department of Occupational Health , Air Pollution Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- e Department of Pharmacology , School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- a Razi Drug Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Lochner A, Marais E, Huisamen B. Melatonin and cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury: What's new? A review. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12490. [PMID: 29570845 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone with several functions. It binds to specific receptors and to a number of cytosolic proteins, activating a vast array of signalling pathways. Its potential to protect the heart against ischaemia/reperfusion damage has attracted much attention, particularly in view of its possible clinical applications. This review will focus mainly on the possible signalling pathways involved in melatonin-induced cardioprotection. In particular, the role of the melatonin receptors and events downstream of receptor activation, for example, the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK), survivor activating factor enhancement (SAFE) and Notch pathways, the sirtuins, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and translocases in the outer membrane (TOM70) will be discussed. Particular attention is given to the role of the mitochondrion in melatonin-induced cardioprotection. In addition, a brief overview will be given regarding the status quo of the clinical application of melatonin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lochner
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Erna Marais
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Barbara Huisamen
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, SA Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
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The roles of CyPA and CD147 in cardiac remodelling. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 104:222-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Hosseinzadeh A, Javad-Moosavi SA, Reiter RJ, Hemati K, Ghaznavi H, Mehrzadi S. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) signaling pathways and protective roles of melatonin. Life Sci 2018; 201:17-29. [PMID: 29567077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the progressive loss of lung function due to tissue scarring. A variety of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic factors including interleukin‑17A, transforming growth factor β, Wnt/β‑catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factors, endotelin‑1, renin angiotensin system and impaired caveolin‑1 function are involved in the IPF pathogenesis. Current therapies for IPF have some limitations and this highlights the need for effective therapeutic agents to treat this fatal disease. Melatonin and its metabolites are broad-spectrum antioxidants that not only remove reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by radical scavenging but also up-regulate the expression and activity of endogenous antioxidants. Via these actions, melatonin and its metabolites modulate a variety of molecular pathways in different pathophysiological conditions. Herein, we review the signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of IPF and the potentially protective effects of melatonin on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anesthesiology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shao G, Zhang S, Nie J, Li J, Tong J. Effects of melatonin on mechanisms involved in hypertension using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1342-1348. [PMID: 29049001 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1384171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in diurnal rhythmicity in blood pressure (BP) are associated with hypertension and consequent cardiovascular damage. The involvement of diurnal rhythmicity as a pathogenic factor in hypertension is not fully understood. Since the hormone melatonin (MLT) regulates circadian rhythm, it was also of interest to determine whether this hormone played a role in hypertension-related alterations in circadian rhythm. Thus the aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms underlying MLT-mediated antihypertension. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with MLT under 25 kPa pressure to simulate hypertension. Vasoactive substances including endothelin (ET), angiotensin II (Ang II), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were measured using ELISA assays. Results showed that MLT produced a significant decrease in ET at 18 and 24 h and Ang II at 18 h after treatment. In contrast, MLT significantly elevated NO levels and eNOS activity at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h, indicating that these oxidant indicators may be more sensitive to MLT-induced actions. Gene chip analysis identified 121 upregulated and 214 downregulated genes at 6 h after MLT treatment, predominantly involved in DNA replication, cell cycle regulation, amino acid metabolism, and cell cycle pathway. At 18 h, 63 upregulated and 94 downregulated genes involved in circadian entrainment, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway involved in NO synthesis, as well as secretion of renin and insulin, which are associated with BP regulation. Data suggest that the circadian antihypertensive effects of MLT might be associated with decrease in ET and Ang II, accompanied by rise in NO and eNOS and that NO and eNOS appear to be early bioindicators of hormonal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfang Shao
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Suping Zhang
- b Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Nie
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiang Li
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Tong
- a School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
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Correlations of Serum Cyclophilin A and Melatonin Concentrations with Hypertension-induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:526-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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