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Yang X, Xu L, Zhao H, Xie T, Wang J, Wang L, Yang J. Curcumin protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation: a meta-analysis and mechanism exploration. Nutr Res 2023; 113:14-28. [PMID: 36996692 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that curcumin may protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, biological mechanisms vary across studies, limiting the clinical applicability of these findings. We performed a meta-analysis on publications evaluating curcumin administration in rat models of CIRI. Furthermore, we sought to test the hypothesis that curcumin alleviates CIRI through diminishing oxidation and inflammation. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane from the starting date of each database to May 2022 for experimental rat studies exploring the use of curcumin after ischemia reperfusion. Included articles were assessed for bias using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Data were aggregated by a random effects model. Curcumin administration significantly reduced neurological deficit score (20 studies; pooled mean difference [MD] = -1.57; 95% CI, -1.78 to -1.36, P < .00001), infarct volume (18 studies; pooled MD = -17.56%; 95% CI, -20.92% to -14.20%; P < 0.00001), and brain water content (8 studies, pooled MD = -11.29%, 95% CI: -16.48%, -6.11%, P < .00001). Compared with control, the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher, whereas the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and nuclear factor kappa B were significantly lower (P < .05). Subgroup analysis raised the possibility that intervention affections differed by curcumin's dose. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of curcumin's neuroprotection and mechanisms in rat CIRI models. Our analysis suggests the neuroprotective potential of curcumin in CIRI via antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect. More research is required to further confirm the effectiveness and safety of curcumin on ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Yang
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Tinghui Xie
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiabing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Yang
- General Practice, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China.
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Marques MS, Marinho MAG, Vian CO, Horn AP. The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: a systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106369. [PMID: 35914679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Treatments for stroke are limited, and preventive treatments are scarce. Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of CUR on damage caused by stroke in rodent models. A systematic search was performed on three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In addition, the risk-of-bias and quality of the studies were assessed using SYRCLE and Collaborative Approach for Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies, respectively. The selection, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were established by the authors. At the end of our systematic search of the three databases, we found a total of 728 articles. After excluding duplicates and triplicates and reading the abstracts, keywords, and full texts, 53 articles were finally included in this systematic review. CUR exerts several beneficial effects against the damage caused by both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, via different pathways. However, because of its low bioavailability, Free-form CUR only exerted significant effects when it was administered at high concentrations. In contrast, when CUR was administered using nanostructured systems, positive responses were observed even at low concentrations. The mechanisms of action of CUR, free or in nanostructure, are extremely important for the recovery of injured brain tissue after a stroke; CUR has neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Finally, we concluded that CUR presents an extremely important and significant response profile against the damage caused by stroke, making it a possible therapeutic candidate for individuals affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
| | - M A G Marinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - C O Vian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - A P Horn
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
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Joshi P, Bisht A, Joshi S, Semwal D, Nema NK, Dwivedi J, Sharma S. Ameliorating potential of curcumin and its analogue in central nervous system disorders and related conditions: A review of molecular pathways. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3143-3180. [PMID: 35790042 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one of the broadly studied phytomolecule owing to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and has been considered a promising therapeutic candidate in a wide range of disorders. Considering, its low bioavailability, different curcumin analogs have been developed to afford desired pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic outcome in varied pathological states. Several preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that curcumin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress apoptosis-mediated neural cell degeneration and could effectively be utilized in the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, in this review, we have summarized key findings of experimental and clinical studies conducted on curcumin and its analogues with special emphasis on molecular pathways, viz. NF-kB, Nrf2-ARE, glial activation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, SOCS/JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2 /MyD88 /p38 MAPK, JNK, iNOS/NO, and MMP pathways involved in imparting ameliorative effects in the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Joshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.,R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Akansha Bisht
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushil Joshi
- R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Semwal
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Nema
- Paramount Kumkum Private Limited, Prestige Meridian-1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
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Fan F, Lei M. Mechanisms Underlying Curcumin-Induced Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893118. [PMID: 35559238 PMCID: PMC9090137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and restoring the blood flow to ischemic brain tissues is currently the main therapeutic strategy. However, reperfusion after brain ischemia leads to excessive reactive oxygen species production, inflammatory cell recruitment, the release of inflammatory mediators, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and blood–brain barrier damage; these pathological mechanisms will further aggravate brain tissue injury, ultimately affecting the recovery of neurological functions. It has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with multitarget intervention effects for individuals with cerebral ischemia. A large number of studies have established that curcumin plays a significant neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia via various mechanisms, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, protection of the blood–brain barrier, and restoration of mitochondrial function and structure, restoring cerebral circulation, reducing infarct volume, improving brain edema, promoting blood–brain barrier repair, and improving the neurological functions. Therefore, summarizing the results from the latest literature and identifying the potential mechanisms of action of curcumin in cerebral ischemia will serve as a basis and guidance for the clinical applications of curcumin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Fan
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Jaiswal S, Dutta PK, Kumar S, Koh J, Lee MC, Lim JW, Pandey S, Garg P. Synthesis, characterization and application of chitosan-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-methacrylamide derivative as a drug and gene carrier. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:75-85. [PMID: 34883163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a green method to fabricate a novel CS modified N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- methacrylamide conjugate (CSNHMA) and to evaluate its biomedical potential. CSNHMA has been prepared by a simple method via aza Michael addition reaction between CS and N- (4-hydroxyphenyl)-methacrylamide (NHMA) in ethanol. Its structural and morphological properties were characterized by various analysis techniques. The obtained results confirmed that a highly porous network structure of CSNHMA was successfully synthesized via aza Michael addition reaction. Consequently, it was analyzed as a drug and gene carrier. CSNHMA/pGL3 showed an enhanced buffering capacity due to the presence of NHMA moiety leading to higher transfection efficiency in all cancer cells (A549, HeLa and HepG2) as compared to native CS and Lipofectamine®. Therefore, these findings clearly support the possibility of using CSNHMA as a good transfection agent. For in vitro drug release study, we prepared CSNHMA nanoparticles (NPs) and curcumin loaded CSNHMA NPs of size <230 nm respectively via the non-toxic ionic gelation route and the encapsulation efficiency of drug was found to be 77.03%. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated a faster and sustained release of curcumin loaded CSNHMA NPs at pH 5.0 compared to physiological pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Jaiswal
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India.
| | - Pradip Kumar Dutta
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joonseok Koh
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Chul Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterial Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Woon Lim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterial Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shambhavi Pandey
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Li R, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Li J, Zheng Y, Fan X. The natural (poly)phenols as modulators of microglia polarization via TLR4/NF-κB pathway exert anti-inflammatory activity in ischemic stroke. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 914:174660. [PMID: 34863710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidences suggest that inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease second only to cardiac ischemia as a cause of death worldwide. Microglia are the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the innate immune response to acute ischemic stroke. Microglia respond to acute brain injury by activating and developing classic M1-like (pro-inflammatory) or alternative M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes. M1 microglia produce pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate neural death, astrocyte apoptosis, and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, while M2 microglia play the opposite role. NF-κB, a central regulator of the inflammatory response, was responsible for microglia M1 and M2 polarization. NF-κB p65 and p50 form a heterodimer to initiate a pro-inflammatory cytokine response, which enhances M1 activation and impair M2 response of microglia. TLR4, expressed on the surface of microglia, plays an important role in activating NF-κB, ultimately causing the M1 response of microglia. Therefore, modulation of microglial phenotypes via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway may be a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Dietary (poly)phenols are present in various foods, which have shown promising protective effects on ischemic stroke. In vivo studies strongly suggest that many (poly)phenols have a pronounced impact on ischemic stroke, as demonstrated by lower neuroinflammation. Thus, this review focuses on the anti-inflammatory properties of dietary (poly)phenols and discusses their effects on the polarization of microglia through modulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jieying Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yingyi Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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7
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Ganesan M, Paranthaman S. Molecular structure, interactions, and antimicrobial properties of curcumin-PLGA Complexes-a DFT study. J Mol Model 2021; 27:329. [PMID: 34708279 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Density functional calculations are performed to study the molecular structure, interactions, and antimicrobial activity of curcumin-poly lacto glycolic acid (Cur-PLGA) complexes. The calculations are performed on curcumin (Cur), glycolic acid (SSC and AAT conformers), lactic acid (LA), Cur-SSC, Cur-AAT, Cur-LA, and Cur-PLGA complexes using dispersion corrected M06-2X functional with 6-31 + G* basis set. The condensed Fukui functions of Cur are calculated to identify the favorable reactive sites. Inter- and intramolecular H-bond interactions are analyzed in detail through natural bond orbital, Atoms in Molecule, and Reduced density gradient analyses. The interaction energy values indicate that the interaction between Cur and AAT is stronger than the other studied complexes. Further, our calculations show that the PLGA interacted with Cur is having lower LUMO energy and density values. This indicates that the antimicrobial activity is high in this complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendiraprabu Ganesan
- Department of Physics and International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed To Be University), Krishnankoil, 626 126, India
| | - Selvarengan Paranthaman
- Department of Physics and International Research Centre, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed To Be University), Krishnankoil, 626 126, India.
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8
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Morris G, Gamage E, Travica N, Berk M, Jacka FN, O'Neil A, Puri BK, Carvalho AF, Bortolasci CC, Walder K, Marx W. Polyphenols as adjunctive treatments in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Efficacy, mechanisms of action, and factors influencing inter-individual response. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:101-122. [PMID: 34062263 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders is complex and multifactorial. Polyphenols possess a range of potentially beneficial mechanisms of action that relate to the implicated pathways in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this review is to highlight the emerging clinical trial and preclinical efficacy data regarding the role of polyphenols in mental and brain health, elucidate novel mechanisms of action including the gut microbiome and gene expression, and discuss the factors that may be responsible for the mixed clinical results; namely, the role of interindividual differences in treatment response and the potentially pro-oxidant effects of some polyphenols. Further clarification as part of larger, well conducted randomized controlled trials that incorporate precision medicine methods are required to inform clinical efficacy and optimal dosing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Gamage
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Andre F Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
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Farina M, Vieira LE, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. The Nrf2 Pathway in Ischemic Stroke: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:5001. [PMID: 34443584 PMCID: PMC8399750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, characterized by the sudden loss of blood flow in specific area(s) of the brain, is the leading cause of permanent disability and is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The only approved pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke (intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) has significant clinical limitations and does not consider the complex set of events taking place after the onset of ischemic stroke (ischemic cascade), which is characterized by significant pro-oxidative events. The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of a great number of antioxidant and/or defense proteins, has been pointed as a potential pharmacological target involved in the mitigation of deleterious oxidative events taking place at the ischemic cascade. This review summarizes studies concerning the protective role of Nrf2 in experimental models of ischemic stroke, emphasizing molecular events resulting from ischemic stroke that are, in parallel, modulated by Nrf2. Considering the acute nature of ischemic stroke, we discuss the challenges in using a putative pharmacological strategy (Nrf2 activator) that relies upon transcription, translation and metabolically active cells in treating ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Leonardo Eugênio Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Zamani SK, Rezagholizadeh DM. Effect of eight-week curcumin supplementation with endurance training on glycemic indexes in middle age women with type 2 diabetes in Iran, A preliminary study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:963-967. [PMID: 33946029 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of curcumin supplementation & endurance training on glycemic indexes in middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes. METHODS 40 middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into four groups (control, curcumin, training & curcumin + training). Endurance training protocol included running on treadmill for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session for 45-60 min, with a maximum intensity of 50-70% of MHR. The experimental groups received a supplementation of curcumin as a daily dose of 80 mg curcumin soft gel for 8 weeks while the control group was subjected to no supplementation or exercise during this period. One day before and one day after the eight-week experimental period, blood samples were taken from the subjects to measure the glycemic indexes, including fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and serum insulin levels. T-test and two-way covariance analysis tests were used for analyzing the findings at a significant level of less than 0.05. RESULTS Eight weeks of curcumin supplementation and endurance training, whether done separately or simultaneously, significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and serum insulin levels (P < 0.05). The combination of curcumin supplementation and endurance training compared to the other two interventions caused a significant further decrease in these glycemic indexes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings of this study showed that eight weeks of curcumin supplementation and endurance training helped each other in improving the glycemic indexes of women with type 2 diabetes.
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Shirban F, Gharibpour F, Ehteshami A, Bagherniya M, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. The Effects of Curcumin in the Treatment of Gingivitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1291:179-211. [PMID: 34331691 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-56153-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Different modalities of treatments are available for management of gingival disease but most have adverse effects. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for management of various inflammatory processes. This systematic review evaluates the effects of curcumin as an adjuvant to oral hygiene on plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and inflammation in patients with gingivitis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Based on the Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome (PICO) model, clinical trials which tested the effects of curcumin as an adjunctive product or alone in control of gingival inflammation up until 21 February 2020 with language restrictions were selected. From the 422 papers found, 14 met the eligibility criteria. In most of these studies, curcumin treatment achieved significant reductions in PI, GI, GBI, and microbial colony count and was as effective as chlorhexidine mouthwash, with no serious adverse effects. We conclude that treatment with curcumin for gingivitis is safe as a natural herbal compound and is as effective as chlorhexidine mouthwash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Shirban
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fateme Gharibpour
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ailin Ehteshami
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
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Bahrami A, Sathyapalan T, Moallem SA, Sahebkar A. Counteracting arsenic toxicity: Curcumin to the rescue? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123160. [PMID: 32574880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenicosis leads to various irreversible damages in several organs and is considered to be a carcinogen. The effects of chronic arsenic poisoning are a result of an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant homeostasis, oxidative stress, as well as DNA and protein damage. Curcumin, the polyphenolic pigment extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, is well-known for its pleiotropic medicinal effects. Curcumin has been shown to have ameliorative effects in arsenic-induced genotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, angiogenesis, skin diseases, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. This review aims to summarize the scientific evidence on arsenic toxicity in various organs and the ameliorative effects of curcumin on the arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Rocha-Ferreira E, Sisa C, Bright S, Fautz T, Harris M, Contreras Riquelme I, Agwu C, Kurulday T, Mistry B, Hill D, Lange S, Hristova M. Curcumin: Novel Treatment in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1351. [PMID: 31798458 PMCID: PMC6863777 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates, with an estimated global incidence of 3/1,000 live births. HIE brain damage is associated with an inflammatory response and oxidative stress, resulting in the activation of cell death pathways. At present, therapeutic hypothermia is the only clinically approved treatment available for HIE. This approach, however, is only partially effective. Therefore, there is an unmet clinical need for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of HIE. Curcumin is an antioxidant reactive oxygen species scavenger, with reported anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Curcumin has been shown to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction, stabilize the cell membrane, stimulate proliferation, and reduce injury severity in adult models of spinal cord injury, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The role of curcumin in neonatal HIE has not been widely studied due to its low bioavailability and limited aqueous solubility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin treatment in neonatal HIE, including time of administration and dose-dependent effects. Our results indicate that curcumin administration prior to HIE in neonatal mice elevated cell and tissue loss, as well as glial activation compared to HI alone. However, immediate post-treatment with curcumin was significantly neuroprotective, reducing grey and white matter tissue loss, TUNEL+ cell death, microglia activation, reactive astrogliosis, and iNOS oxidative stress when compared to vehicle-treated littermates. This effect was dose-dependent, with 200 μg/g body weight as the optimal dose-regimen, and was maintained when curcumin treatment was delayed by 60 or 120 min post-HI. Cell proliferation measurements showed no changes between curcumin and HI alone, suggesting that the protective effects of curcumin on the neonatal brain following HI are most likely due to curcumin’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as seen in the reduced glial and iNOS activity. In conclusion, this study suggests curcumin as a potent neuroprotective agent with potential for the treatment of HIE. The delayed application of curcumin further increases its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claudia Sisa
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Bright
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tessa Fautz
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Harris
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ingrid Contreras Riquelme
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chinedu Agwu
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tugce Kurulday
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Beenaben Mistry
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Hill
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Visual Neuroscience, Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegeneration Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sigrun Lange
- School of Life Sciences, Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, UCL Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom
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Bhat A, Mahalakshmi AM, Ray B, Tuladhar S, Hediyal TA, Manthiannem E, Padamati J, Chandra R, Chidambaram SB, Sakharkar MK. Benefits of curcumin in brain disorders. Biofactors 2019; 45:666-689. [PMID: 31185140 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is widely consumed in Asia either as turmeric directly or as one of the culinary ingredients in food recipes. The benefits of curcumin in different organ systems have been reported extensively in several neurological diseases and cancer. Curcumin has got its global recognition because of its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antimicrobial activities. Additionally, it is used in diabetes and arthritis as well as in hepatic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, there is growing attention on usage of curcumin to prevent or delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes available data from several recent studies on curcumin in various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Prions disease, stroke, Down's syndrome, autism, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, anxiety, depression, and aging. Recent advancements toward increasing the therapeutic efficacy of curcuma/curcumin formulation and the novel delivery strategies employed to overcome its minimal bioavailability and toxicity studies have also been discussed. This review also summarizes the ongoing clinical trials on curcumin for different neurodegenerative diseases and patent details of curcuma/curcumin in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Arehally M Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Tousif A Hediyal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Esther Manthiannem
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Jagadeeswari Padamati
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Drug Discovery & Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Saravana B Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Meena K Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Maternal pomegranate juice intake and brain structure and function in infants with intrauterine growth restriction: A randomized controlled pilot study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219596. [PMID: 31433809 PMCID: PMC6703683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice has been shown to have benefit as a neuroprotectant in animal models of neonatal hypoxic-ischemia. No published studies have investigated maternal polyphenol administration as a potential neuroprotectant in at-risk newborns, such as those with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study to investigate the impact of maternal pomegranate juice intake in pregnancies with IUGR, on newborn brain structure and function at term-equivalent age (TEA). Mothers with IUGR at 24-34 weeks' gestation were recruited from Barnes-Jewish Hospital obstetrical clinic. Consented mothers were randomized to treatment (8 oz. pomegranate juice) or placebo (8 oz. polyphenol-free juice) and continued to take juice daily from enrollment until delivery (mean 20.1 and 27.1 days, respectively). Infants underwent brain MRI at TEA (36-41 weeks' gestation). Brain measures were compared between groups including: brain injury score, brain metrics, brain volumes, diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional connectivity. Statistical analyses were undertaken as modified intention-to-treat (including randomized participants who received their allocated intervention and whose infants received brain MRI) and per-protocol (including participants who strictly adhered to the protocol, based on metabolite status). Seventy-seven mothers were randomized to treatment (n = 40) or placebo (n = 37). Of these, 28 and 27 infants, respectively, underwent term-equivalent MRI. There were no group differences in brain injury, metrics or volumes. However, treatment subjects displayed reduced diffusivity within the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule compared with placebo. Resting state functional connectivity demonstrated increased correlation and covariance within several networks in treatment subjects, with alterations most apparent in the visual network in per-protocol analyses. Direct effects on health were not found. In conclusion, maternal pomegranate juice intake in pregnancies with known IUGR was associated with altered white matter organization and functional connectivity in the infant brain, suggesting differences in brain structure and function following in utero pomegranate juice exposure, warranting continued investigation. Clinical trial registration. NCT00788866, registered November 11, 2008, initial participant enrollment August 21, 2012.
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16
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Itaya M, Miyazawa T, Zingg JM, Eitsuka T, Azzi A, Meydani M, Miyazawa T, Nakagawa K. The differential cellular uptake of curcuminoids in vitro depends dominantly on albumin interaction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152902. [PMID: 30981184 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcuminoids, mainly present in the plant rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa), consist of mainly three forms (curcumin (CUR), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) and demethoxycurcumin (DMC)). It has been reported that different forms of curcuminoids possess different biological activities. However, the mechanisms associated with these differences are not well-understood. Recently, our laboratory found differences in the cellular uptake of these curcuminoids. Therefore, it has been inferred that these differences contribute to the different biological activities. PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of differential cellular uptake of these curcuminoids. METHOD Based on our previous study, we hypothesized the differential cellular uptake is caused by (I) polarity, (II) transporters, (III) metabolism rate of curcuminoids and (IV) medium components. These four hypotheses were each investigated by (I) neutralizing the polarities of curcuminoids by encapsulation into poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs), (II) inhibition of polyphenol-related absorption transporters, (III) analysis of the cellular curcuminoids and their metabolites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and (IV) use of different mediums in cell study. RESULTS The differential cellular uptake was not affected by (I-III). However, when investigating (IV), not only CUR but also BDMC and DMC were incorporated into cells when serum free media was used. Furthermore, when we used the serum free medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA), only CUR was taken up but BDMC and DMC were not. Therefore, we identified that the differential cellular uptake of curcuminoids is caused by the medium components, especially BSA. Also, the fluorescence quenching study suggested that differential cellular uptake is due to the different interaction between BSA and each curcuminoid. CONCLUSION The differential cellular uptake of curcuminoids was caused by the different interaction between curcuminoids and BSA. The results from this study might give clues on the mechanisms by which curcuminoids exhibit different physiological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Itaya
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Taiki Miyazawa
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Jean-Marc Zingg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th St, Miami, Florida 33136-1019, United States
| | - Takahiro Eitsuka
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Angelo Azzi
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Mohsen Meydani
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai 980-0845, Japan; New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, 6-6-10 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
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Role of Hedgehog Signaling in Breast Cancer: Pathogenesis and Therapeutics. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040375. [PMID: 31027259 PMCID: PMC6523618 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, only followed by lung cancer. Given the importance of BC in public health, it is essential to identify biomarkers to predict prognosis, predetermine drug resistance and provide treatment guidelines that include personalized targeted therapies. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an essential role in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and stem cell renewal. Several lines of evidence endorse the important role of canonical and non-canonical Hh signaling in BC. In this comprehensive review we discuss the role of Hh signaling in breast development and homeostasis and its contribution to tumorigenesis and progression of different subtypes of BC. We also examine the efficacy of agents targeting different components of the Hh pathway both in preclinical models and in clinical trials. The contribution of the Hh pathway in BC tumorigenesis and progression, its prognostic role, and its value as a therapeutic target vary according to the molecular, clinical, and histopathological characteristics of the BC patients. The evidence presented here highlights the relevance of the Hh signaling in BC, and suggest that this pathway is key for BC progression and metastasis.
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Patel SS, Acharya A, Ray RS, Agrawal R, Raghuwanshi R, Jain P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:887-939. [PMID: 30632782 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1552244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound present in rhizome of Curcuma longa belonging to the family zingiberaceae. Growing experimental evidence revealed that curcumin exhibit multitarget biological implications signifying its crucial role in health and disease. The current review highlights the recent progress and mechanisms underlying the wide range of pharmacological effects of curcumin against numerous diseases like neuronal, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney, endocrine, skin, respiratory, infectious, gastrointestinal diseases and cancer. The ability of curcumin to modulate the functions of multiple signal transductions are linked with attenuation of acute and chronic diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have revealed that curcumin modulates several molecules in cell signal transduction pathway including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, ERK5, AP-1, TGF-β, Wnt, β-catenin, Shh, PAK1, Rac1, STAT3, PPARγ, EBPα, NLRP3 inflammasome, p38MAPK, Nrf2, Notch-1, AMPK, TLR-4 and MyD-88. Curcumin has a potential to prevent and/or manage various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties with an excellent safety profile. In contrast, the anti-cancer effects of curcumin are reflected due to induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in various premalignant and malignant cells. This review also carefully emphasized the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its interaction with other drugs. Clinical studies have shown that curcumin is safe at the doses of 12 g/day but exhibits poor systemic bioavailability. The use of adjuvant like piperine, liposomal curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles and curcumin phospholipid complex has shown enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Further studies are warranted to prove the potential of curcumin against various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - R S Ray
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritesh Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Priyal Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
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Oyeyemi O, Adegbeyeni O, Oyeyemi I, Meena J, Panda A. In vitro ovicidal activity of poly lactic acid curcumin-nisin co-entrapped nanoparticle against Fasciola spp. eggs and its reproductive toxicity. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:73-79. [PMID: 29016352 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin and nisin have been widely reported for their antibacterial and anticancer potency. However, their therapeutic applications are hampered by several factors, which necessitate their development into nanosize ranges for improved delivery and activities. Their incorporation into a single nanosynthesized form may suggest desirable efficacy on parasites. The aim of the study was to assess the ovicidal activity of the curcumin-nisin polylactic acid (PLA) entrapped nanoparticle on the Fasciola eggs and its reproductive toxicity. METHODS The nanoparticle was formulated by double emulsion method. The eggs of the adult Fasciola spp. were exposed to different concentrations (0.3125-5 mg/mL) of the nanoparticle to monitor hatchability. Mice were exposed to 0.5 mL of the formulated drug at varying concentrations (10-20 mg/kg) and then sacrificed for sperm morphology assay. RESULTS The mean particle size, polydispersity index, and drug entrapment efficiency of the formulated drug were 288.4±24.3 nm, 0.232, and 51.7%, respectively. The highest nanoparticulate concentration (5 mg/mL) showed the least percentage egg hatching (41.7%) compared with the other treatment groups and positive control (albendazole) (45.1%). The aberrations observed in sperm cells were not concentration-dependent and no significant differences were observed in the mean aberrations between the nanoparticulate drug-exposed groups and the negative control (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed the ovicidal activity of the curcumin-nisin nanoparticulate drug against the Fasciola species. The formulation also showed no toxicity to sperm cells. More robust studies on anti-fascioliasis activity of the drug on adult Fasciola spp. and in vivo and in vitro toxicity studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyetunde Oyeyemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Odunayo Adegbeyeni
- Department of Basic Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoluwa Oyeyemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Jairam Meena
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Amulya Panda
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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Bavarsad K, Barreto GE, Hadjzadeh MAR, Sahebkar A. Protective Effects of Curcumin Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1391-1404. [PMID: 29948942 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R injury) is a common feature of ischemic stroke which occurs when blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia. Although stroke is an important cause of death in the world, effective therapeutic strategies aiming at improving neurological outcomes in this disease are lacking. Various studies have suggested the involvement of different mechanisms in the pathogenesis of I/R injury in the nervous system. These mechanisms include oxidative stress, platelet adhesion and aggregation, leukocyte infiltration, complement activation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and mitochondria-mediated mechanisms. Curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric, can affect all these pathways and exert neuroprotective activity culminating in the amelioration of I/R injury in the nervous system. In this review, we discuss the protective effects of curcumin against I/R injury in the nervous system and highlight the studies that have linked biological functions of curcumin and I/R injury improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kowsar Bavarsad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.
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Neuroprotective Effect of Curcumin Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Via Mediating Autophagy and Inflammation. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 64:129-139. [PMID: 29243061 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-1006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa, has drawn attention for its effective bioactivities against ischemia-induced injury. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of curcumin and investigate the underlying mechanism that mediates autophagy and inflammation in an animal model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Curcumin was delivered to Sprague Dawley male rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg curcumin by intraperitoneal injection 30 min after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). LY294002, a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, as well as anisomycin, an activator of TLR4/p38/MAPK, was administered by ventricle injection 30 min before MCAO. The same volume of saline was given as a control. Brain infarction and neurological function were determined 24 h post-MCAO. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect alterations in autophagy-relevant proteins Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, p-mTOR, LC3-II, and LC3-I, and inflammation-related proteins TLR4, p-38, p-p38, and IL-1 in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Cerebral I/R injury resulted in significant alterations of LC3-II/LC3-I, IL-1, TLR4, and p-p38. Curcumin in MCAO rats significantly improved brain damage and neurological function by upregulating p-Akt and p-mTOR and downregulating LC3-II/LC3-I, IL-1, TLR4, p-38, and p-p38. However, these protective effects against ischemia could be suppressed when LY294002 or anisomycin was included. Curcumin exerts neuroprotective effects by attenuating autophagic activities through mediating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, while also suppressing an inflammatory reaction by regulating the TLR4/p38/MAPK pathway. Furthermore, this study indicates that curcumin could be an effective therapy for patients afflicted with ischemia.
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Hexahydrocurcumin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, attenuates inflammation, and improves antioxidant defenses in a rat stroke model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189211. [PMID: 29220411 PMCID: PMC5722321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate whether hexahydrocurcumin (HHC) attenuates brain damage and improves functional outcome via the activation of antioxidative activities, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In this study, rats with cerebral I/R injury were induced by a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including the sham-operated, vehicle-treated, 10 mg/kg HHC-treated, 20 mg/kg HHC-treated, and 40 mg/kg HHC-treated I/R groups. The animals were immediately injected with HHC by an intraperitoneal administration at the onset of cerebral reperfusion. After 24 h of reperfusion, the rats were tested for neurological deficits, and the pathology of the brain was studied by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. In addition, the brain tissues were prepared for protein extraction for Western blot analysis, a malondialdehyde (MDA) assay, a nitric oxide (NO) assay, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay, a glutathione (GSH) assay, and a glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) assay. The data revealed that the neurological deficit scores and the infarct volume were significantly reduced in the HHC-treated rats at all doses compared to the vehicle group. Treatment with HHC significantly attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, with a decreased level of MDA and NO and a decreased expression of NF-κB (p65) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the I/R rats. HHC also evidently increased Nrf2 (nucleus) protein expression, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression, the antioxidative enzymes, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Moreover, the HHC treatment also significantly decreased apoptosis, with a decrease in Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and an increase in Bcl-XL, which was in accordance with a decrease in the apoptotic neuronal cells. Therefore, the HHC treatment protects the brain from cerebral I/R injury by diminishing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The antioxidant properties of HHC may play an important role in improving functional outcomes and may offer significant neuroprotection against I/R damage.
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Baghbani F, Chegeni M, Moztarzadeh F, Hadian-Ghazvini S, Raz M. Novel ultrasound-responsive chitosan/perfluorohexane nanodroplets for image-guided smart delivery of an anticancer agent: Curcumin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 74:186-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Curcumin confers neuroprotection against alcohol-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration via CREB-BDNF pathway in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:721-740. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Khan MA, Zafaryab M, Mehdi SH, Ahmad I, Rizvi MMA. Characterization and anti-proliferative activity of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles in cervical cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:242-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Enhancement of bioactivity and bioavailability of curcumin with chitosan based materials. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-016-0243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Luo T, Yang L, Wu J, Zheng Z, Li G, Wang X, Kaplan DL. Stabilization of Natural Antioxidants by Silk Biomaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13573-13582. [PMID: 27139741 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stabilities of three natural antioxidants, vitamin C (VC), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and curcumin, in silk films were examined and mechanisms of stabilization were elucidated. The antioxidants were physically incorporated into three types of silk films: as-cast, dried from hydrogels, and methanol-treated. Films were stored at 4, 37, and 45 °C for 30 days in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, along with controls consisting of free antioxidants. Incorporation of antioxidants did not significantly change film morphology or secondary structure. When stored at 4 °C, all samples showed similar antioxidant activities (percent scavenging) at different time points, determined by the colorimetric 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. At higher temperatures, VC in the as-cast film, EGCG in the as-cast and dried hydrogel films, and curcumin in the methanol-treated films retained more than 50% scavenging activity after 14 days of storage, significantly higher than the other samples. Interaction between antioxidants and silk, as well as degradation of the antioxidants, was investigated by fast-performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), with an aim of understanding the mechanisms of silk-based stabilization. Binding of antioxidant molecules to hydrophobic or to hydrophilic/hydrophilic boundary regions of silk, depending on the chemical properties of the antioxidant, may account for the observed stabilization effects. The data can help guide further engineering of antioxidant-functionalized silk biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhaozhu Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University , Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Protective effects of curcumin against liver fibrosis through modulating DNA methylation. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 14:255-264. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Basha R, Connelly SF, Sankpal UT, Nagaraju GP, Patel H, Vishwanatha JK, Shelake S, Tabor-Simecka L, Shoji M, Simecka JW, El-Rayes B. Small molecule tolfenamic acid and dietary spice curcumin treatment enhances antiproliferative effect in pancreatic cancer cells via suppressing Sp1, disrupting NF-kB translocation to nucleus and cell cycle phase distribution. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 31:77-87. [PMID: 27133426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Combination of dietary/herbal spice curcumin (Cur) and COX inhibitors has been tested for improving therapeutic efficacy in pancreatic cancer (PC). The objective of this study was to identify agent with low toxicity and COX-independent mechanism to induce PC cell growth inhibition when used along with Cur. Anticancer NSAID, tolfenamic acid (TA) and Cur combination were evaluated using PC cell lines. L3.6pl and MIA PaCa-2 cells were treated with Cur (5-25μM) or TA (25-100μM) or combination of Cur (7.5μM) and TA (50μM). Cell viability was measured at 24-72h posttreatment using CellTiter-Glo kit. While both agents showed a steady/consistent effect, Cur+TA caused higher growth inhibition. Antiproliferative effect was compared with COX inhibitors, Ibuprofen and Celebrex. Cardiotoxicity was assessed using cordiomyocytes (H9C2). The expression of Sp proteins, survivin and apoptotic markers (western blot), caspase 3/7 (caspase-Glo kit), Annexin-V staining (flow cytometry), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell cycle phase distribution (flow cytometry) was measured. Cells were treated with TNF-α, and NF-kB translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus was evaluated (immunofluorescence). When compared to individual agents, combination of Cur+TA caused significant increase in apoptotic markers, ROS levels and inhibited NF-kB translocation to nucleus. TA caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1, and the combination treatment showed mostly DNA synthesis phase arrest. These results suggest that combination of Cur+TA is less toxic and effectively enhance the therapeutic efficacy in PC cells via COX-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyaz Basha
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107; Pre-clinical Services, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107.
| | | | - Umesh T Sankpal
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Hassaan Patel
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Jamboor K Vishwanatha
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Sagar Shelake
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Leslie Tabor-Simecka
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Mamoru Shoji
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Jerry W Simecka
- Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107; Pre-clinical Services, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107; College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
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Huang YC, Kuo TH. O-carboxymethyl chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles increase cellular curcumin uptake. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin Against Transient Global Ischemia are Dose and Area Dependent. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/archneurosci.32600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Srivastava P, Yadav RS. Efficacy of Natural Compounds in Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 12:107-123. [PMID: 27651251 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders represent clusters of serious diseases that results in progressive deterioration of normal structure and physiology of central nervous system. Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or other neurodegenerative disorders involves multifaceted permutation of genetic and environmental factors. Combinations of lifestyle modification linked with environmental factor jointly or alone represent the largest share of cases of these disorders. Etiology of such neuronal degeneration involves manifestation of toxic reaction in the form of functional anomalies leading to dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, activated inflammatory cascade, compromised neuronal survival pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction and finally neuronal apoptosis/necrosis and cell death. Furthermore, evidences from various studies exhibited role of oxidative stress and compromised anti-oxidant defense system as one of the prime factors associated with activation of various signal transduction pathways that would ultimately lead to the formation of amyloid beta or alpha synuclein in the brain. Keeping in view of complex etiology and pathophysiology along with a miniscule of available treatment options associated with these neurodegenerative disorders, the role of natural agents and herbal extracts as therapeutic alternatives alone or in combination with synthetic drugs could not be ruled out. In the same context the present chapter has been aimed to investigate the role of selected natural plants like Withania somnifera, Bacopa monnieri, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica, Ocimum sanctum, Nardostachys jatamansi and Emblica officinalis in various neurodegenerative disorders and explore their targets to ameliorate neurotoxicity in various experimental models. The rationale for selection of these plants was based on their strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant potential and large body of evidence that suggest their efficacy in preclinical as well as in clinical studies. Active constituents if these herbals might play an important role in preserving the integrity of various neurotransmitters and their receptor in the brain influencing its functions at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Srivastava
- Developmental Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 80, MG Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Singh Yadav
- Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470 003, MP, India.
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Li W, Suwanwela NC, Patumraj S. Curcumin by down-regulating NF-kB and elevating Nrf2, reduces brain edema and neurological dysfunction after cerebral I/R. Microvasc Res 2015; 106:117-27. [PMID: 26686249 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis are three critical factors for the pathogenic mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Curcumin exhibits substantial biological properties via anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptotic effects; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of curcumin against cerebral I/R injury remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of curcumin on cerebral I/R injury associated with water content, infarction volume, and the expression of nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor-2 (Nrf2). METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO, 1-hour occlusion and 24-hour reperfusion) was performed in male Wistar rats (n=64) as a cerebral I/R injury model. In the MCAO+CUR group, the rats were administered curcumin (300mg/kg BW, i.p.) at 30min after occlusion. The same surgical procedures were performed in SHAM rats without MCAO occlusion. At 24h post-operation, the parameters, including neurological deficit scores, blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, water content, and infarction volume, were determined. Brain tissue NF-κB and Nrf2 expression levels were assayed through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with the SHAM group, BBB disruption, neurological deficit, and increased brain water content and infarction volume were markedly demonstrated in the MCAO group. NF-κB expression was enhanced in the MCAO group. However, in the MCAO+CUR group, the upregulation of Nrf2, an anti-oxidation related protein, was consistent with a significant decline in the water content, infarction volume, and NF-κB expression. CONCLUSION The protective effects of curcumin against cerebral I/R injury reflect anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptotic activities, resulting in the elevation of Nrf2 and down-regulation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- International Ph.D. Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nijasri C Suwanwela
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Suthiluk Patumraj
- Center of Excellence for Microcirculation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Stankowska DL, Krishnamoorthy VR, Ellis DZ, Krishnamoorthy RR. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on endothelin-1 mediated cell death in hippocampal neurons. Nutr Neurosci 2015; 20:273-283. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1119377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota L. Stankowska
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | | | - Dorette Z. Ellis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Raghu R. Krishnamoorthy
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Zhang D, Ouyang X, Ma J, Li L, Zhang Y. Electrochemical Behavior and Voltammetric Determination of Curcumin at Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tang Y. Curcumin targets multiple pathways to halt hepatic stellate cell activation: updated mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60:1554-64. [PMID: 25532502 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the advanced form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is often accompanied by obese and/or type II diabetes mellitus. Approximately one-third of NASH patients develop hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells are the major effector cells during liver fibrogenesis. Advanced liver fibrosis usually proceeds to cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to liver failure, portal hypertension and even death. Currently, there are no approved agents for treatment and prevention of liver fibrosis in human beings. Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid of turmeric, has been reported to show antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties both in in vitro and in vivo systems. Accumulating data shows that curcumin plays a critical role in combating liver fibrogenesis. This review will discuss the inhibitory roles of curcumin and update the underlying mechanisms by which curcumin targets in inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcai Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China,
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Kalani A, Kamat PK, Kalani K, Tyagi N. Epigenetic impact of curcumin on stroke prevention. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:427-35. [PMID: 24788895 PMCID: PMC4216637 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9537-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The epigenetic impact of curcumin in stroke and neurodegenerative disorders is curiosity-arousing. It is derived from Curcuma longa (spice), possesses anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic, neuro-protective and recently shown to exhibit epigenetic modulatory properties. Epigenetic studies include DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA-based mechanisms which regulate gene expression without altering nucleotide sequences. Curcumin has been shown to affect cancer by altering epigenetic changes but its role as an epigenetic agent in cerebral stroke has not been much explored. Although curcumin possesses remarkable medicinal properties, the bioavailability of curcumin has limited its success in epigenetic studies and clinical trials. The present review is therefore designed to look into epigenetic mechanisms that could be induced with curcumin during stroke, along with its molecular designing with different moieties that may increase its bioavailability. Curcumin has been shown to be encapsulated in exosomes, nano-vesicles (<200 nm), thereby showing its therapeutic effects in brain diseases. Curcumin delivered through nanoparticles has been shown to be neuroregenerative but the use of nanoparticles in brain has limitations. Hence, curcumin-encapsulated exosomes along with curcumin-primed exosomes (exosomes released by curcumin-treated cells) are much needed to be explored to broadly look into their use as a novel therapy for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kalani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Pradip K Kamat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Komal Kalani
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CIMAP-CSIR), Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Rahman AM, Angawi RF, Kadi AA. Spatial localisation of curcumin and rapid screening of the chemical compositions of turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa Linn.) using Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS). Food Chem 2015; 173:489-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Ni H, Jin W, Zhu T, Wang J, Yuan B, Jiang J, Liang W, Ma Z. Curcumin modulates TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. J Spinal Cord Med 2015; 38:199-206. [PMID: 24621048 PMCID: PMC4397202 DOI: 10.1179/2045772313y.0000000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from the plant turmeric, has protective effects on spinal cord injury (SCI) through attenuation of inflammatory response. This study was designed to detect whether curcumin modulates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inflammatory signaling pathway in the injured rat spinal cord following SCI. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to laminectomy at T8-T9 and compression with a vascular clip. There were three groups: (a) sham group; (b) SCI group; and (g) SCI + curcumin group. We measured TLR4 gene and protein expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis; NF-κB activity by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hindlimb locomotion function by Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan rating, spinal cord edema by wet/dry weight method, and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis. RESULTS The results showed that SCI induced the up-regulation of TLR4, NF-κB, and inflammatory cytokines in the injured rat spinal cord. Treatment with curcumin following SCI markedly down-regulated the levels of these agents related to the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. Administration of curcumin also significantly ameliorated SCI induced hind limb locomotion deficits, spinal cord edema, and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Post-SCI curcumin administration attenuates the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway in the injured spinal cord, and this may be a mechanism whereby curcumin improves the outcome following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Tiansheng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Baoyu Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Weibang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China,Correspondence to: Zhengliang Ma, Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
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Wang PF, Zhou Y, Fang H, Lin S, Wang YC, Liu Y, Xia J, Eslick GD, Yang QW. Treatment of acute cerebral ischemia using animal models: a meta-analysis. Transl Neurosci 2015; 6:47-58. [PMID: 28123790 PMCID: PMC4936615 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2015-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are numerous potential treatments assessed for acute cerebral ischemia using animal models. This study aimed to assess the effect of these treatments in terms of infarct size and neurobehavioral change. This meta-analysis was conducted to determine if any of these treatments provide a superior benefit so that they might be used on humans. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using several electronic databases for controlled animal studies using only nonsurgical interventions for acute cerebral ischemia. A random-effects model was used. RESULTS After an extensive literature search, 145 studies were included in the analysis. These studies included 1408 treated animals and 1362 control animals. Treatments that had the most significant effect on neurobehavioral scales included insulin, various antagonists, including N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ACEA1021, calmodulin antagonist DY-9760e, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist YM872, and antiviral agents. Treatments providing the greatest effect on infarct size included statins, sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist (fingolimod), alcohol, angiotensin, and leukotrienes. Treatments offering the greatest reduction in brain water content included various agonists, including sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist fingolimod, statins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Treatment groups with more than one study all had high heterogeneity (I2 > 80%), however, using meta-regression we determined several sources of heterogeneity including sample size of the treatment and control groups, the occlusion time, but not the year when the study was conducted. CONCLUSIONS Some treatments stand out when compared to others for acute cerebral ischemia in animals. Greater replication of treatment studies is required before any treatments are selected for future human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huang Fang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Histoembryology and Neurobiology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Chun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Systematic Review Solutions, China
| | - Guy D Eslick
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, Australia
| | - Qing-Wu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang J, Wei H, Lin M, Chen C, Wang C, Liu M. Curcumin protects against ischemic spinal cord injury: The pathway effect. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:3391-400. [PMID: 25206661 PMCID: PMC4146004 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.36.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors have been shown to participate in nerve cell injury during spinal cord ischemia. This study observed a protective effect of curcumin on ischemic spinal cord injury. Models of spinal cord ischemia were established by ligating the lumbar artery from the left renal artery to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. At 24 hours after model establishment, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with curcumin. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that after spinal cord ischemia, inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression significantly increased. However, curcumin significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression in the ischemic spinal cord. Tarlov scale results showed that curcumin significantly improved motor function of the rat hind limb after spinal cord ischemia. The results demonstrate that curcumin exerts a neuroprotective fect against ischemic spinal cord injury by decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meimei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Maobai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
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Joya X, Garcia-Algar O, Salat-Batlle J, Pujades C, Vall O. Advances in the development of novel antioxidant therapies as an approach for fetal alcohol syndrome prevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 103:163-77. [PMID: 25131946 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is the most common human teratogen, and its consumption during pregnancy can produce a wide range of abnormalities in infants known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The major characteristics of FASD can be divided into: (i) growth retardation, (ii) craniofacial abnormalities, and (iii) central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. FASD is the most common cause of nongenetic mental retardation in Western countries. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of ethanol neurotoxicity are not completely determined, the induction of oxidative stress is believed to be one central process linked to the development of the disease. Currently, there is no known effective strategy for prevention (other than alcohol avoidance) or treatment. In the present review we will provide the state of art in the evidence for the use of antioxidants as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment using whole-embryo and culture cells models of FASD. We conclude that the imbalance of the intracellular redox state contributes to the pathogenesis observed in FASD models, and we suggest that antioxidant therapy can be considered a new efficient strategy to mitigate the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Joya
- Unitat de Recerca Infància i Entorn (URIE), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Red de Salud Materno-Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), Programa RETICS, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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43
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Subramanian SB, Francis AP, Devasena T. Chitosan-starch nanocomposite particles as a drug carrier for the delivery of bis-desmethoxy curcumin analog. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 114:170-178. [PMID: 25263878 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The conventional drug delivery system has serious limitations such as lack of target specificity, altered effects and diminished potency. These limitations can be overcome by using biocompatible polymer as an effective drug delivery system. In this study, bis-demethoxy curcumin analog loaded Chitosan-starch (BDMCA-CS) nanocomposite particles were developed using different ratios of Chitosan and starch (3:1, 1:1 & 1:3) by ionic gelation method. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading capacity were found to be high for the formulation with the ratio 3:1 of BDMCA:CS. Physical characterization of the nanocomposite particles was determined using DLS and FTIR. The morphology of the BDMCA-CS nanocomposite particles were found to be spherical and regular by SEM analysis. In-vitro drug release profile of the BDMCA-CS nanocomposite particles showed a very slow and sustained diffusion controlled release of the drug. The cancer cells targeting ability of the BDMCA-CS nanocomposite particles were confirmed by performing MTT assay on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and VERO cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhuja Bala Subramanian
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arul Prakash Francis
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Thiyagarajan Devasena
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
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44
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Ghosh N, Ghosh R, Bhat ZA, Mandal V, Bachar SC, Nima ND, Sunday OO, Mandal SC. Advances in Herbal Medicine for Treatment of Ischemic Brain Injury. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain injury is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and has attracted a lot of attention in the field of drug discovery. Cerebral ischemia is a complex pathological process involving a series of mechanisms, including generation of free radicals, oxidative stress, disruption of the membrane function, release of neurotransmitters and apoptosis. Thrombolytic therapy is the most effective therapeutic strategy, but the benefits are far from being absolute. Increased attention in the field of drug discovery has been focused on using natural compounds from traditional medicinal herbs for neuroprotection, which appears to be a promising therapeutic option for cerebral ischemia with minimal systemic adverse effects that could limit their long term use. The scenario calls for extensive investigations which can result in the development of lead molecules for neuroprotection in the future. In this context, the present review focuses on possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of herbal drugs in patients with cerebral ischemic injury. Natural compounds have been demonstrated to have neurofunctional regulatory actions with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, calcium antagonizing and anti-apoptotic activities. Among the several leads obtained from plant sources as potential neuroprotective agents, resveratrol, EGb761, curcumin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate have shown significant therapeutic benefits in cerebral ischemic conditions. However, ligustilide, tanshinone, scutellarin and shikonin are the few lead molecules which are under investigation for treatment of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Ghosh
- Dr B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, India 713206
| | - Rituparna Ghosh
- Dr B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, India 713206
| | - Zulfiqar A Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India 190006
| | - Vivekananda Mandal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, India, 495009
| | - Sitesh C. Bachar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Namsa D. Nima
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India 784028
| | - Otimenyin O. Sunday
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Subhash C. Mandal
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India 700032
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Srivastava P, Yadav RS, Chandravanshi LP, Shukla RK, Dhuriya YK, Chauhan LKS, Dwivedi HN, Pant AB, Khanna VK. Unraveling the mechanism of neuroprotection of curcumin in arsenic induced cholinergic dysfunctions in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 279:428-440. [PMID: 24952339 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Earlier, we found that arsenic induced cholinergic deficits in rat brain could be protected by curcumin. In continuation to this, the present study is focused to unravel the molecular mechanisms associated with the protective efficacy of curcumin in arsenic induced cholinergic deficits. Exposure to arsenic (20mg/kg body weight, p.o) for 28 days in rats resulted to decrease the expression of CHRM2 receptor gene associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions as evident by decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, activity of mitochondrial complexes and enhanced apoptosis both in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in comparison to controls. The ultrastructural images of arsenic exposed rats, assessed by transmission electron microscope, exhibited loss of myelin sheath and distorted cristae in the mitochondria both in the frontal cortex and hippocampus as compared to controls. Simultaneous treatment with arsenic (20mg/kg body weight, p.o) and curcumin (100mg/kg body weight, p.o) for 28 days in rats was found to protect arsenic induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential and activity of mitochondrial complexes both in frontal cortex and hippocampus. Alterations in the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and ultrastructural damage in the frontal cortex and hippocampus following arsenic exposure were also protected in rats simultaneously treated with arsenic and curcumin. The data of the present study reveal that curcumin could protect arsenic induced cholinergic deficits by modulating the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in the brain. More interestingly, arsenic induced functional and ultrastructural changes in the brain mitochondria were also protected by curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Srivastava
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Rajesh S Yadav
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India; Department of Crimnology and Forensic Science, Harisingh Gour University, Sagar 470 003, India
| | - Lalit P Chandravanshi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Rajendra K Shukla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Yogesh K Dhuriya
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Lalit K S Chauhan
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Hari N Dwivedi
- Babu Banarasi Das University, BBD City, Faizabad Road, Lucknow 227 015, India
| | - Aditiya B Pant
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Vinay K Khanna
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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Meenakshi C, Jayabal P, Ramakrishnan V. Molecular recognition of curcumin (Indian Ayurvedic medicine) by the supramolecular probe, p-t-butyl calix(8)arene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 127:172-176. [PMID: 24632170 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The thermodynamic property of the host-guest complexes formed between the curcumin, component of Indian Ayurvedic medicine turmeric, a drug molecule, with the supra molecule, p-t-butyl calix(8)arene was studied. p-t-Butyl calix(8)arene has been used as a host molecule and curcumin as a guest molecule. Optical absorption spectral studies were carried out to investigate the molecular recognition properties of p-t-butyl calix(8)arene with curcumin. The stochiometry of the host-guest complexes formed and the binding constant were determined. An interesting 1:1 and 4:1 stochiometric host-guest complexes were formed. Job's continuous method of variation and Benesi-Hildebrand expression were used for the determination of binding constant and the stochiometry of the host-guest complex formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meenakshi
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Meenakshi Government College for Women (Autonomous), Madurai 625 002, India
| | - P Jayabal
- Department of Laser Studies, School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India
| | - V Ramakrishnan
- Department of Laser Studies, School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India.
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Curcumin prevents cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury via increase of mitochondrial biogenesis. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1322-31. [PMID: 24777807 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is known to have neuroprotective properties in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Recently, emerging evidences suggested that increased mitochondrial biogenesis enabled preventing I/R injury. Here, we sought to determinate whether curcumin alleviates I/R damage through regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a 2-h period of right middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Prior to onset of occlusion, rats had been pretreated with either low (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) or high (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) dose of curcumin for 5 days. Consequently, we found that curcumin pretreatment enabled improving neurological deficit, diminishing infarct volume and increasing the number of NeuN-labeled neurons in the I/R rats. Accordingly, the index of mitochondrial biogenesis including nuclear respiratory factor-1, mitochondrial transcription factor A and mitochondrial number significantly down-regulated in I/R rats were reversed by curcumin pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner, and the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 presented the similar change. Taken together, our findings provided novel evidence that curcumin may exert neuroprotective effects by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis.
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48
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Curcumin inhibits the increase of labile zinc and the expression of inflammatory cytokines after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. J Surg Res 2014; 187:646-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Funk JL, Frye JB, Davis-Gorman G, Spera AL, Bernas MJ, Witte MH, Weinand ME, Timmermann BN, McDonagh PF, Ritter L. Curcuminoids limit neutrophil-mediated reperfusion injury in experimental stroke by targeting the endothelium. Microcirculation 2014; 20:544-54. [PMID: 23464666 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to test the hypothesis that turmeric-derived curcuminoids limit reperfusion brain injury in an experimental model of stroke via blockade of early microvascular inflammation during reperfusion. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats subjected to MCAO/R were treated with turmeric-derived curcuminoids (vs. vehicle) 1 hour prior to reperfusion (300 mg/kg ip). Neutrophil adhesion to the cerebral microcirculation and measures of neutrophil and endothelial activation were assayed during early reperfusion (0-4 hours); cerebral infarct size, edema, and neurological function were assessed at 24 hours. Curcuminoid effects on TNFα-stimulated human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMVEC) were assessed. RESULTS Early during reperfusion following MCAO, curcuminoid treatment decreased neutrophil rolling and adhesion to the cerebrovascular endothelium by 76% and 67% and prevented >50% of the fall in shear rate. The increased number and activation state (CD11b and ROS) of neutrophils were unchanged by curcuminoid treatment, while increased cerebral expression of TNFα and ICAM-1, a marker of endothelial activation, were blocked by >30%. Curcuminoids inhibited NF-κB activation and subsequent ICAM-1 gene expression in HBMVEC. CONCLUSION Turmeric-derived curcuminoids limit reperfusion injury in stroke by preventing neutrophil adhesion to the cerebrovascular microcirculation and improving shear rate by targeting the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L Funk
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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50
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Stabilization of diketo tautomer of curcumin by premicellar cationic surfactants: A spectroscopic, tensiometric and TD-DFT study. J Mol Liq 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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