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Suchanecka A, Boroń A, Chmielowiec K, Strońska-Pluta A, Masiak J, Lachowicz M, Chmielowiec J, Janiszewska-Olszowska J, Grzywacz A. The HINT1 Gene rs2526303 Polymorphism and Its Association with Personality Traits in Cigarette Smokers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1218. [PMID: 38279213 PMCID: PMC10816865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of a substance use disorder (SUD) is a multifaceted process influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Recent research has suggested the potential involvement of the HINT1 gene in various aspects of plasticity, mood regulation, anxiety-like behaviour, and stress-coping mechanisms. Moreover, personality traits are also recognised to be instrumental in developing substance dependency. Given these considerations, our study investigated the associations among cigarette smoking, personality traits, and the rs2526303 polymorphism. Additionally, we investigated the interactions between personality traits and rs2526303 in the HINT1 gene. The study group comprised 531 volunteers: 375 cigarette users (mean age = 29.42 ± 10.72; F = 49%, M = 51%) and 156 never-smokers (mean age = 26.93 ± 10.09; F = 79%, M = 21%). Genotyping was conducted using the real-time PCR method, and the NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of rs2526303 genotypes and alleles in the cigarette user group compared to the control group. Compared to the control group, the cigarette users obtained higher scores in the assessment of the NEO-FFI Extraversion scale and lower results for the NEO-FFI Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness scales. Additionally, there was a statistically significant effect of rs2526303 genotype interaction and cigarette-using status on the conscientiousness scale. These outcomes collectively suggest a notable association between cigarette smoking and specific dimensions of personality, particularly highlighting differences in extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Furthermore, the detected interaction effect involving rs2526303 concerning conscientiousness signifies a complex interplay between genetic factors and smoking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Suchanecka
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Boroń
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Jolanta Masiak
- Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Głuska St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Milena Lachowicz
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | | | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
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Dillenburg M, Smith J, Wagner CR. The Many Faces of Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Protein 1 (HINT1). ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1310-1322. [PMID: 37854629 PMCID: PMC10580397 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) is a nucleoside phosphoramidase that has garnered interest due to its widespread expression and participation in a broad range of biological processes. Herein, we discuss the role of HINT1 as a regulator of several CNS functions, tumor suppressor, and mast cell activator via its interactions with multiple G-protein-coupled receptors and transcription factors. Importantly, altered HINT1 expression and mutation are connected to the progression of multiple disease states, including several neuropsychiatric disorders, peripheral neuropathy, and tumorigenesis. Additionally, due to its involvement in the activation of several clinically used phosphoramidate prodrugs, tremendous efforts have been made to better understand the interactions behind nucleoside binding and phosphoramidate hydrolysis by HINT1. We detail the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of HINT1 hydrolysis, while highlighting the structural biology behind these efforts. The aim of this review is to summarize the multitude of biological and pharmacological functions in which HINT1 participates while addressing the areas of need for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Dillenburg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jacob Smith
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Carston R Wagner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Suchanecka A, Boroń A, Chmielowiec K, Strońska-Pluta A, Masiak J, Lachowicz M, Chmielowiec J, Grzywacz A. Association of the rs3864283 Polymorphism Located in the HINT1 Gene with Cigarette Use and Personality Traits. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10244. [PMID: 37373392 PMCID: PMC10299401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is the major reinforcing component of tobacco and it is believed that the pharmacological effects of nicotine motivate the initiation and maintenance of a smoking habit. HINT1 appears to play a role in the modulation of the effects of drug abuse. Hence, the aim of this study was the analysis of the association between the rs3864283 polymorphism of the HINT1 gene and cigarette use; the analysis of personality traits assessed by the means of the NEO-FFI Inventory; the analysis of anxiety measured by the STAI questionnaire; and the analysis of the interactions between the rs3864283 and both personality traits and anxiety. The study group consisted of 522 volunteers. Of these, 371 were cigarette users and 151 were never-smokers. The genomic DNA was isolated from venous blood using standard procedures. The results of both inventories, i.e., NEO-FFI and STAI., were reported as the sten scores. Genotyping was conducted with the real-time PCR method. Statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of rs3864283 genotypes and alleles in the tested sample of Cigarette Users when compared to the control group. The Cigarette Users compared to the control group obtained higher scores in the assessment of NEO-FFI extraversion scale, and significantly lower results were obtained for the NEO-FFI openness scale, the agreeableness scale, and the conscientiousness scale. There was a statistically significant effect of rs3864283 genotype interaction and Cigarette Use or not using (control group) on the extraversion scale. There was also a statistically significant effect of Cigarette Users or the control group on the extraversion scale score. The results obtained in the presented study indicated a significant association between the HINT1 rs3864283 variant and smoking status. Moreover, this is the first study incorporating genetic association of above-mentioned polymorphic site with interaction analysis of personality traits and anxiety. Overall, the results of this study suggest that HINT1 is an important genetic component associated with nicotine usage mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Suchanecka
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Boroń
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Aleja Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Jolanta Masiak
- Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Głuska St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Milena Lachowicz
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
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Yu W, Yin H, Sun Y, Shi S, Li J, Wang X. The attenuation effect of potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate in a mouse model of diabetes-associated cognitive decline: The protein expression in the brain. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1108-1123. [PMID: 35445545 PMCID: PMC9160457 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims dl‐PHPB (potassium 2‐(1‐hydroxypentyl)‐benzoate) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects against acute cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dl‐PHPB on memory deficits and preliminarily explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Blood glucose and behavioral performance were evaluated in the KK‐Ay diabetic mouse model before and after dl‐PHPB administration. Two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE)‐based proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in brain tissue. Western blotting was used to study the molecular mechanism of the related signaling pathways. Results Three‐month‐old KK‐Ay mice were given 150 mg/kg dl‐PHPB by oral gavage for 2 months, which produced no effect on the level of serum glucose. In the Morris water maze test, KK‐Ay mice treated with dl‐PHPB showed significant improvements in spatial learning and memory deficits compared with vehicle‐treated KK‐Ay mice. Additionally, we performed 2D‐DIGE to compare brain proteomes of 5‐month KK‐Ay mice treated with and without dl‐PHPB. We found 14 altered proteins in the cortex and 11 in the hippocampus; two of the 25 altered proteins and another four proteins that were identified in a previous study on KK‐Ay mice were then validated by western blot to further confirm whether dl‐PHPB can reverse the expression levels of these proteins. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β) signaling pathway was also changed in KK‐Ay mice and dl‐PHPB treatment could reverse it. Conclusions These results indicate that dl‐PHPB may play a potential role in diabetes‐associated cognitive impairment through PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β signaling pathway and the differentially expressed proteins may become putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huajing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingni Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fang J, Huang H, Lei Q, Luo Y, Tang Z, Shi X, Tang JG. Myasthenia gravis coexisting with HINT1-related motor axonal neuropathy without neuromyotonia: a case report. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:168. [PMID: 35501818 PMCID: PMC9063049 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HINT1 mutations cause an autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. This is a first case report of coexistence of myasthenia gravis (MG) and HINT1-related motor axonal neuropathy without neuromyotonia. Case presentation A 32-year-old woman presented with recurrent ptosis for 8 years, diplopia for 2 years and limb weakness for 1 year and a half. Neostigmine test, elevated AChR antibody level and positive repetitive nerve stimulation supported the diagnosis of MG. Electroneurography (ENG) and electromyography (EMG) examinations revealed a motor axonal neuropathy without neuromyotonic or myokymic discharges. Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the gene responsible for suspected hereditary neuropathy. Genetic testing for a HINT1 mutation was performed and revealed a homozygous mutation at c.278G>T (p. G93V). The patient was treated with pyridostigmine, oral prednisolone and azathioprine. Her ptosis and diplopia have significantly improved at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions Concurrence of MG and hereditary motor axonal neuropathy without neuromyotonia is quite rare. Detection of ptosis with or without ophthalmoplegia, distribution of limb weakness, and reflex can help in recognizing the combination of MG and peripheral neuropathy. Early diagnosis is important for initial treatment and prognosis. The novel homozygous variant c.278G>T(p.G93V) contributes to the pathogenic variants spectrum of the HINT1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingying Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengchu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoliu Shi
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Guang Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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HINT1 deficiency in aged mice reduces anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours and enhances cognitive performances. Exp Gerontol 2022; 159:111683. [PMID: 34995725 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is regarded as a haplo-insufficient tumour suppressor and is closely associated with many neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorders. In addition, HINT1 knockout (KO) mice exhibit anxiolytic-like behaviour, antidepression-like behaviour, and enhanced cognitive performance in several studies. However, it is still unclear whether aging contributes to these changes in the emotion and cognition of HINT1 KO mice. This study examined the role of aging in anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours and cognition behaviours in aged HINT1 KO mice compared with young HINT1 KO mice and their wild-type littermates, along with a number of molecular biological methods. In a battery of behavioural tests, aged wild-type mice showed increased anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours and decreased cognitive performance, along with lower expression levels of glutathione peroxidase, enhanced amount of malondialdehyde, and decreased expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase B in the hippocampus and PFC compared to young wild-type mice. HINT1 KO mice showed reduced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours and enhanced cognitive performance compared to age-matched wild-type mice. In addition, HINT1 KO mice also showed increased GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase, and decreased malondialdehyde, together with enhanced BDNF and Trk-B expression in the hippocampus and PFC. However, when compared with young HINT1 KO mice, aged HINT1 KO mice did not show increased anxiety-like and depression-like behaviours. And there are no differences in the expression level of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, BDNF, and Trk-B between aged and young HINT1 KO mice. In summary, HINT1 deficiency can counteract age-related emotion and cognition dysfunction.
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Ibrahim MK, AbdElrahman M, Bader El Din NG, Tawfik S, Abd-Elsalam S, Omran D, Barakat AZ, Farouk S, Elbatae H, El Awady MK. The impact of genetic variations in sofosbuvir metabolizing enzymes and innate immunity mediators on treatment outcome in HCV-infected patients. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105311. [PMID: 34843922 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver diseases worldwide. At present, combinations of different classes of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) are used as treatment options for HCV, in which sofosbuvir (SOF) is the common DAA among different therapeutic regimes. In Egypt, SOF plus daclatasvir (DCV) is the widely used anti-HCV treatment protocol. Herein, we aimed to assess the association between 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the genes coding for 2 SOF metabolizing enzymes: histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) rs4696/rs7728773 and nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (NME1) rs3760468, together with the most potent anti-HCV innate molecule, i.e., interferon lambda 3 (IFNL3) rs12979860 and the response to SOF/DCV in Egyptian patients chronically infected with genotype 4 (GT4). SNPs were genotyped using real-time PCR in DNA from patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) at 12 weeks post-SOF/DCV treatment (i.e., responders; n = 188), patients who failed to achieve SVR12 (i.e., non-responders; n = 109), and healthy controls (n = 62). Our results demonstrated that patients bearing HINT1 rs7728773 CT/TT (odds ratio 2.119, 95% CI 1.263-3.559, p = 0.005) and IFNL3 rs12979860 CC (odds ratio 3.995, 95% CI 2.126-7.740, p = 0.0001) were more likely to achieve SVR12. However, neither HINT1 rs4696 nor NME1 rs3760468 seems to contribute to the responsiveness to SOF/DCV. Binary regression analysis defined 5 predictor factors independently associated with SVR12: age, bilirubin, hemoglobin, early stages of fibrosis, and combined HINT1 rs7728773 and IFNL3 rs12979860 favorable and mixed genotypes (odds ratio 3.134, 95% CI 1.518-6.47, p = 0.002), and that was confirmed by the combined ROC curve for the 5 predictor factors (AUC = 0.91, 95% CI 0.869-0.95, P = 0.0001). In conclusion, these data suggest that the two SNPs have the potential in predicting the response rate to SOF/DCV treatment in patients infected with HCV GT4. This study is the first to investigate the pharmacogenetics of SOF metabolizing enzyme and introduce HINT1 rs7728773 as a novel SNP that predicts the treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa K Ibrahim
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed AbdElrahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Badr University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Noha G Bader El Din
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Salwa Tawfik
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Center, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dalia Omran
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Amal Z Barakat
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Sally Farouk
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Hassan Elbatae
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafer Elshiek University, Kafer Elshiek, Egypt
| | - Mostafa K El Awady
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (formerly El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
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Gledhill LJ, Babey AM. Synthesis of the Mechanisms of Opioid Tolerance: Do We Still Say NO? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:927-948. [PMID: 33704603 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of morphine as a first-line agent for moderate-to-severe pain is limited by the development of analgesic tolerance. Initially opioid receptor desensitization in response to repeated stimulation, thought to underpin the establishment of tolerance, was linked to a compensatory increase in adenylate cyclase responsiveness. The subsequent demonstration of cross-talk between N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors and opioid receptors led to the recognition of a role for nitric oxide (NO), wherein blockade of NO synthesis could prevent tolerance developing. Investigations of the link between NO levels and opioid receptor desensitization implicated a number of events including kinase recruitment and peroxynitrite-mediated protein regulation. Recent experimental advances and the identification of new cellular constituents have expanded the potential signaling candidates to include unexpected, intermediary compounds not previously linked to this process such as zinc, histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), micro-ribonucleic acid (mi-RNA) and regulator of G protein signaling Z (RGSZ). A further complication is a lack of consistency in the protocols used to create tolerance, with some using acute methods measured in minutes to hours and others using days. There is also an emphasis on the cellular changes that are extant only after tolerance has been established. Although a review of the literature demonstrates a lack of spatio-temporal detail, there still appears to be a pivotal role for nitric oxide, as well as both intracellular and intercellular cross-talk. The use of more consistent approaches to verify these underlying mechanism(s) could provide an avenue for targeted drug development to rescue opioid efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Gledhill
- CURA Pharmacy, St. John of God Hospital, Bendigo, VIC, 3550, Australia
| | - Anna-Marie Babey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
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Cortés-Montero E, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Garzón-Niño J. Human HINT1 Mutant Proteins that Cause Axonal Motor Neuropathy Exhibit Anomalous Interactions with Partner Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1834-1845. [PMID: 33404983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 14 kDa histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is critical to maintain the normal function of motor neurons. Thus, a series of human HINT1 mutants cause autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. HINT1 establishes a series of regulatory interactions with signaling proteins, some of which are enriched in motor neurons, such as the type 1 sigma receptor or intracellular domain (ICD) of transmembrane teneurin 1, both of which are also implicated in motor disturbances. In a previous study, we reported the capacity of HINT1 to remove the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) from a series of substrates and the influence of HINT1 mutants on this activity. We now report how human HINT1 mutations affect the interaction of HINT1 with the regulator of its SUMOylase activity, calcium-activated calmodulin, and its substrate SUMO. Moreover, HINT1 mutants exhibited anomalous interactions with G protein coupled receptors, such as the mu-opioid, and with glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors as well. Additionally, these HINT1 mutants showed impaired associations with transcriptional regulators such as the regulator of G protein signaling Z2 protein and the cleaved N-terminal ICD of teneurin 1. Thus, the altered enzymatic activity of human HINT1 mutants and their anomalous interactions with partner proteins may disrupt signaling pathways essential to the normal function of human motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Garzón-Niño
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Liu P, Chu Z, Lei G, Deng L, Yang L, Dang Y. The role of HINT1 protein in morphine addiction: An animal model-based study. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12897. [PMID: 32171181 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a recurrent, chronic brain disease. The existing treatment methods have limitations, such as poor adherence and inability to completely avoid relapse. Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is involved in many neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, pain, and drug dependence. Studies have confirmed that there is a genetic link between HINT1 and addictions such as nicotine and cocaine. However, there is no research on the role of HINT1 protein in morphine addiction at home and abroad. Thus, we designed this project by constructing different types of morphine addiction animal models, including conditioned place preference and behavioral sensitization. We comprehensively examined the participation of HINT1 protein in key brain regions associated with addiction, including prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, corpus striatum, and hippocampus, in different stages of different models. In addition, we used HINT1 knockout mice to establish the above models and physical dependence model to investigate the effect of HINT1 protein deletion on morphine addiction-related behaviors. We found that HINT1 has varying degrees of involvement in different stages of multiple addictive animal models. The absence of HINT1 can attenuate morphine-mediated addictive behavior to a certain extent and can alleviate the withdrawal symptoms of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Basic Medicine Science, Xi'an Medical University Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Zheng Chu
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Gang Lei
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Li‐sha Deng
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Yong‐hui Dang
- College of Medicine and Forensics, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an 710061 China
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11
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Cortés-Montero E, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Garzón J. The Axonal Motor Neuropathy-Related HINT1 Protein Is a Zinc- and Calmodulin-Regulated Cysteine SUMO Protease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:503-520. [PMID: 31088288 PMCID: PMC6648240 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) exhibits proapoptotic and tumor-suppressive activity. HINT1 binds to transcription factors such as teneurin1 and to the regulator of G protein signaling 17 (RGS) (Z2) protein, which incorporates the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), and is implicated in several types of cancer. HINT1 interacts with proteins such as PKCγ and Raf-1 through zinc ions provided by the cysteine-rich domain of RGSZ2 and the coupled neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Recently, a series of HINT1 mutants have been reported to cause human autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia (ARAN-NM). However, the specific alteration in the function of HINT1 induced by these mutants remains to be elucidated. Because sumoylation modifies protein association and transcriptional regulation, we investigated whether HINT1 exhibits zinc- and redox-regulated sumoylase activity, which may be altered in those mutants. Results: HINT1 exhibits cysteine protease activity to remove SUMO from a variety of signaling proteins. HINT1 sumoylase activity is blocked by zinc, and it is released by nitric oxide or calcium-activated calmodulin (CaM). HINT1 contains a SUMO-interacting motif (110-116 HIHLHVL) and the catalytic triad Cys84-Asp87-His114 in the C-terminal region. Thus, zinc probably provided by the RGSZ2-nNOS complex may bind to Cys84 to block HINT1 isopeptidase activity. Innovation: To date, HINT1 is the only sumoylase that is regulated by two alternate pathways, redox- and calcium-activated CaM. Conclusion: The 15 human HINT1 mutants reported to cause ARAN-NM exhibited altered sumoylase activity, which may contribute to the onset of this human motor disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Garzón
- Neuropharmacology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Cortés-Montero E, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Onetti Y, Merlos M, Garzón J. Ligands Exert Biased Activity to Regulate Sigma 1 Receptor Interactions With Cationic TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPM8 Channels. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:634. [PMID: 31249525 PMCID: PMC6582314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma 1 receptor (σ1R) and the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) regulate the transient receptor potential (TRP) V1 calcium channel. A series of proteins are involved in the cross-regulation between MORs and calcium channels like the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), including the histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), calmodulin (CaM), and the σ1R. Thus, we assessed whether similar mechanisms also apply to the neural TRP ankyrin member 1 (TRPA1), TRP vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1), and TRP melastatin member 8 (TRPM8). Our results indicate that σ1R and CaM bound directly to cytosolic regions of these TRPs, and this binding increased in the presence of calcium. By contrast, the association of HINT1 with these TRPs was moderately dependent on calcium. The σ1R always competed with CaM for binding to the TRPs, except for its binding to the TRPA1 C-terminal where σ1R binding cooperated with that of CaM. However, σ1R dampened HINT1 binding to the TRPA1 N-terminal. When the effect of σ1R ligands was addressed, the σ1R agonists PRE084 and pregnenolone sulfate enhanced the association of the σ1R with the TRPM8 N-terminal and TRPV1 C-terminal in the presence of physiological calcium, as seen for the σ1R-NMDAR interactions. However, these agonists dampened σ1R binding to the TRPA1 and TRPV1 N-terminal domains, and also to the TRPA1 C-terminal, as seen for σ1R-binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) interactions in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). By contrast, the σ1R antagonists progesterone and S1RA reduced the association of σ1R with TRPA1 and TRPV1 C-terminal regions, as seen for the σ1R-NMDAR interactions. Conversely, they enhanced the σ1R interaction with the TRPA1 N-terminal, as seen for σ1R-BiP interactions, whereas they barely affected the association of σ1R with the TRPV1 N-terminal. Thus, depending on the calcium channel and the cytosolic region examined, the σ1R agonists pregnenolone sulfate and PRE084 opposed or collaborated with the σ1R antagonists progesterone and S1RA to disrupt or promote such interactions. Through the use of cloned cytosolic regions of selected TRP calcium channels, we were able to demonstrate that σ1R ligands exhibit biased activity to regulate particular σ1R interactions with other proteins. Since σ1Rs are implicated in essential physiological processes, exploiting such ligand biases may represent a means to develop more selective and efficacious pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yara Onetti
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Merlos
- Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, Esteve, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Garzón
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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13
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HINT1 in Neuropsychiatric Diseases: A Potential Neuroplastic Mediator. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5181925. [PMID: 29214080 PMCID: PMC5682914 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5181925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the functions of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), its roles in neurobiological processes remain to be fully elucidated. As a member of the histidine triad (HIT) enzyme superfamily, HINT1 is distributed in almost every organ and has both enzymatic and nonenzymatic activity. Accumulating clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that HINT1 may play an important role as a neuroplastic mediator in neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, inherited peripheral neuropathies, mood disorders, and drug addiction. Though our knowledge of HINT1 is limited, it is believed that further research on the neuropathological functions of HINT1 would eventually benefit patients with neuropsychiatric and even psychosomatic diseases.
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14
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Sun L, Liu P, Liu F, Zhou Y, Chu Z, Li Y, Chu G, Zhang Y, Wang J, Dang YH. Effects of Hint1 deficiency on emotional-like behaviors in mice under chronic immobilization stress. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00831. [PMID: 29075577 PMCID: PMC5651401 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is regarded as a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor and is closely associated with diverse neuropsychiatric diseases. Moreover, HINT1 is related to gender-specific acute behavior changes in schizophrenia and in response to nicotine. Stress has a range of molecular effects in emotional disorders, which can cause a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus, resulting in hippocampal atrophy and neuronal cell loss. METHODS This study examined the role of HINT1 deficiency in anxiety-related and depression-like behaviors and BDNF expression in the hippocampus under chronic immobilization stress, and investigated whether the sex-specific and haplo-insufficient effects exist in emotional-like behaviors under the same condition. RESULTS In a battery of behavior tests, the results of the control group, not exposed to stress, showed that knockout (KO) and heterozygosity (HT) of Hint1 had anxiolytic-like and antidepression-like effects on the male and female mice. However, both male and female Hint1-KO mice showed elevated anxiety-related and antidepression-like behavior under chronic immobilization stress; moreover, both male and female Hint1-HT mice displayed elevated anxiety-related behavior and increased depression-like behavior under chronic immobilization stress. There were no significant differences in general locomotor activity between Hint1-KO and -HT mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates. Hint1-KO mice under basal and chronic immobilization stress conditions expressed more BDNF in the hippocampus than did Hint1-HT and WT mice; overall, there were no significant sex differences in emotional-like behaviors of Hint1-KO and -HT mice. Additionally, Hint1-HT mice showed haplo-insufficient effects on emotional-like behaviors under basic conditions, rather than under chronic immobilization stress. CONCLUSIONS Both male and female HINT 1 KO and HT mice had a trend of anxiolytic-like behavior and antidepression-like behavior at control group. However, both male and female HINT1 KO mice showed elevated anxiety-related and antidepression-like behavior under chronic immobilization stress; moreover, both male and female HINT1 HT mice displayed elevated anxiety-related behavior and increased depression-like behavior under chronic immobilization stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liankang Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Medicine & Forensics Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Medicine & Forensics Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases College of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Qi De College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Zheng Chu
- College of Medicine & Forensics Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Qi De College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Guang Chu
- Zong Lian College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Qi De College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA
| | - Yong-Hui Dang
- College of Medicine & Forensics Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of the Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an China
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15
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Shah R, Chou TF, Maize KM, Strom A, Finzel BC, Wagner CR. Inhibition by divalent metal ions of human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein1 (hHint1), a regulator of opioid analgesia and neuropathic pain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:760-766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Li JP, Liu P, Lei G, Chu Z, Liu F, Shi CF, Dang YH, Chen T. The Role of HINT1 in Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference. Neurotox Res 2017; 33:353-361. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Peeters K, Chamova T, Tournev I, Jordanova A. Axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia: there is a HINT. Brain 2017; 140:868-877. [PMID: 28007994 PMCID: PMC5382946 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recessive mutations in the gene encoding the histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) were recently shown to cause a motor-predominant Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy. About 80% of the patients exhibit neuromyotonia, a striking clinical and electrophysiological hallmark that can help to distinguish this disease and to guide diagnostic screening. HINT1 neuropathy has worldwide distribution and is particularly prevalent in populations inhabiting central and south-eastern Europe. With 12 different mutations identified in more than 60 families, it ranks among the most common subtypes of axonal Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy. This article provides an overview of the present knowledge on HINT1 neuropathy with the aim to increase awareness and spur interest among clinicians and researchers in the field. We propose diagnostic guidelines to recognize and differentiate this entity and suggest treatment strategies to manage common symptoms. As a recent player in the field of hereditary neuropathies, the role of HINT1 in peripheral nerves is unknown and the underlying disease mechanisms are unexplored. We provide a comprehensive overview of the structural and functional characteristics of the HINT1 protein that may guide further studies into the molecular aetiology and treatment strategies of this peculiar Charcot–Marie–Tooth subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Peeters
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB and University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium
| | - Teodora Chamova
- Department of Neurology, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria
| | - Ivailo Tournev
- Department of Neurology, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.,Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia 1618, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Jordanova
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB and University of Antwerp, Antwerpen 2610, Belgium.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria
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18
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Garzón-Niño J, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Cortés-Montero E, Sánchez-Blázquez P. Increased PKC activity and altered GSK3β/NMDAR function drive behavior cycling in HINT1-deficient mice: bipolarity or opposing forces. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43468. [PMID: 28240305 PMCID: PMC5327482 DOI: 10.1038/srep43468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice with histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) deletion exhibit manic-like symptoms that evolve into depressive-like behavior in response to stressful paradigms. Molecular and electrophysiological studies have indicated that HINT1−/− mice exhibit increased PKC, PKA, and GSK3β activities, as well as glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)/α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic receptor (AMPAR) and NR2B/NR2A subunit ratios. Pharmacological interventions stabilized their behavior but through different mechanisms. GSK3β inhibitors and valproate directly attenuated the expression of the manic-like symptoms, whereas PKC inhibition, lamotrigine, or risperidone promoted NMDAR-mediated depressive-like behaviors that counterbalanced the preexisting manic-like symptoms. Naïve HINT1−/− mice exposed to stressful paradigms rapidly manifested depressive-like behaviors in subsequent stressful situations, a capacity that persisted for a couple of weeks thereafter. During the depressive-like phase, citalopram, amitriptyline and MK801 precipitated manic-like behaviors in stressed HINT1−/− mice. Notably, the antagonism of NMDARs prevented HINT1−/− mice from alternating behaviors in response to stress. A comparison with “manic” Black Swiss mice indicated that in HINT1−/− mice, PKC supports manic-like symptoms and reduces the expression of depressive-like behaviors via activation of GSK3β and regulation of NR2B-enriched NMDARs. HINT1−/− mice represent a suitable model for studying human BPD and may facilitate the identification of novel targets and drugs to treat this mental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Garzón-Niño
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neurosciences, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid E-28002, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neurosciences, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid E-28002, Spain
| | - Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neurosciences, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid E-28002, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Department of Translational Neurosciences, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid E-28002, Spain
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19
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Shah R, Strom A, Zhou A, Maize KM, Finzel BC, Wagner CR. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Sulfamide and Sulfamate Nucleotidomimetic Inhibitors of hHint1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:780-4. [PMID: 27563403 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hint1 has recently emerged to be an important target of interest due to its involvement in the regulation of a broad range of CNS functions including opioid signaling, tolerance, neuropathic pain, and nicotine dependence. A series of inhibitors were rationally designed, synthesized, and tested for their inhibitory activity against hHint1 using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The studies resulted in the development of the first small-molecule inhibitors of hHint1 with submicromolar binding affinities. A combination of thermodynamic and high-resolution X-ray crystallographic studies provides an insight into the biomolecular recognition of ligands by hHint1. These novel inhibitors have potential utility as molecular probes to better understand the role and function of hHint1 in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Shah
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Alexander Strom
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew Zhou
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kimberly M. Maize
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Barry C. Finzel
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Carston R. Wagner
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry and §Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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20
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Liu F, Ma J, Liu P, Chu Z, Lei G, Jia X, Wang J, Dang Y. Hint1 gene deficiency enhances the supraspinal nociceptive sensitivity in mice. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00496. [PMID: 27547499 PMCID: PMC4885746 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have indicated a possible role of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) on sustaining the regulatory crosstalk of N-methyl-D-aspartate acid glutamate receptors (NMDARs) and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). Both receptors are present in the midbrain periaqueductal gray neurons, an area that plays a central role in the supraspinal antinociceptive process. METHODS In the present study, a battery of pain-related behavioral experiments was applied to Hint1 knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice. Both the male and female mice were investigated to assess the differences between genders. RESULTS Hint1-/- mice presented significant shorter latency at 50°C in both male and female in hot plate test while no significant difference was found in tail filck test. In Von Frey hairs test Hint1-/- mice were more sensitive than Hint1+/+ mice, presenting a lower withdrawal threshold and enhanced relative frequency of paw withdrawal. The average flinches and licking time of Hint1-/- mice were more than that of Hint1+/+ mice in formalin test. CONCLUSION The absence of Hint1 gene-enhanced supraspinal nociceptive sensitivity in mice, including thermal, mechanical and inflammatory hyperalgesia. Meanwhile, there was no certain evidence indicating the haploinsufficiency and gender differences of Hint1 gene in pain-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710004ShaanxiChina
| | - Jing Ma
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710004ShaanxiChina
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
| | - Zheng Chu
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
| | - Gang Lei
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
| | - Xiao‐di Jia
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic MedicineXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of Shaanxi ProvinceXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
| | - Jia‐bei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMaryland21201
| | - Yong‐hui Dang
- College of Medicine & ForensicsXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic MedicineXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of Shaanxi ProvinceXi'an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi'an710061ShaanxiChina
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21
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Schöler J, Ferralli J, Thiry S, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. The intracellular domain of teneurin-1 induces the activity of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) by binding to transcriptional repressor HINT1. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8154-65. [PMID: 25648896 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.615922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Teneurins are large type II transmembrane proteins that are necessary for the normal development of the CNS. Although many studies highlight the significance of teneurins, especially during development, there is only limited information known about the molecular mechanisms of function. Previous studies have shown that the N-terminal intracellular domain (ICD) of teneurins can be cleaved at the membrane and subsequently translocates to the nucleus, where it can influence gene transcription. Because teneurin ICDs do not contain any intrinsic DNA binding sequences, interaction partners are required to affect transcription. Here, we identified histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) as a human teneurin-1 ICD interaction partner in a yeast two-hybrid screen. This interaction was confirmed in human cells, where HINT1 is known to inhibit the transcription of target genes by directly binding to transcription factors at the promoter. In a whole transcriptome analysis of BS149 glioblastoma cells overexpressing the teneurin-1 ICD, several microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) target genes were found to be up-regulated. Directly comparing the transcriptomes of MITF versus TEN1-ICD-overexpressing BS149 cells revealed 42 co-regulated genes, including glycoprotein non-metastatic b (GPNMB). Using real-time quantitative PCR to detect endogenous GPNMB expression upon overexpression of MITF and HINT1 as well as promoter reporter assays using GPNMB promoter constructs, we could demonstrate that the teneurin-1 ICD binds HINT1, thus switching on MITF-dependent transcription of GPNMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Schöler
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and the Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Ferralli
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Stéphane Thiry
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and the Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Garzón J, Herrero-Labrador R, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Shah R, Vicente-Sánchez A, Wagner CR, Sánchez-Blázquez P. HINT1 protein: A new therapeutic target to enhance opioid antinociception and block mechanical allodynia. Neuropharmacology 2015; 89:412-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Ge L, Zhu MM, Yang JY, Wang F, Zhang R, Zhang JH, Shen J, Tian HF, Wu CF. Differential proteomic analysis of the anti-depressive effects of oleamide in a rat chronic mild stress model of depression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 131:77-86. [PMID: 25641667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder, and its etiology and pathophysiology are not completely understood. Depression involves changes in many biogenic amine, neuropeptide, and oxidative systems, as well as alterations in neuroendocrine function and immune-inflammatory pathways. Oleamide is a fatty amide which exhibits pharmacological effects leading to hypnosis, sedation, and anti-anxiety effects. In the present study, the chronic mild stress (CMS) model was used to investigate the antidepressant-like activity of oleamide. Rats were exposed to 10weeks of CMS or control conditions and were then subsequently treated with 2weeks of daily oleamide (5mg/kg, i.p.), fluoxetine (10mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle. Protein extracts from the hippocampus were then collected, and hippocampal maps were generated by way of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Altered proteins induced by CMS and oleamide were identified through mass spectrometry and database searches. Compared to the control group, the CMS rats exhibited significantly less body weight gain and decreased sucrose consumption. Treatment with oleamide caused a reversal of the CMS-induced deficit in sucrose consumption. In the proteomic analysis, 12 protein spots were selected and identified. CMS increased the levels of adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (AK1), nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDKB), histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), acyl-protein thioesterase 2 (APT-2), and glutathione S-transferase A4 (GSTA4). Compared to the CMS samples, seven spots changed significantly following treatment with oleamide, including GSTA4, glutathione S-transferase A6 (GSTA6), GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran (Ran-GTP), ATP synthase subunit d, transgelin-3, small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 (SUMO2), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 (eIF5A1). Of these seven proteins, the level of eIF5A1 was up-regulated, whereas the remaining proteins were down-regulated. In conclusion, oleamide has antidepressant-like properties in the CMS rat model. The identification of proteins altered by CMS and oleamide treatment provides support for targeting these proteins in the development of novel therapies for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jing-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jing-Hai Zhang
- School of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Central Laboratory, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, PR China
| | - Hui-Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Central Laboratory, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, PR China
| | - Chun-Fu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Galazka G, Jurewicz A, Domowicz M, Cannella B, Raine CS, Selmaj K. HINT1 peptide/Hsp70 complex induces NK-cell-dependent immunoregulation in a model of autoimmune demyelination. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:3026-44. [PMID: 25092109 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) interact with the immune system and have been shown to contribute to immunoregulation. As efficient chaperones, Hsps bind many peptides and these complexes have many yet-to-be-clarified functions. We have shown that Hsp70 is complexed within the mouse CNS with peptide CLAFHDISPQAPTHFLVIPK derived from histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1₃₈₋₅₇/Hsp70). Only this complex, in contrast to other peptides complexed with Hsp70, was able to prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by induction of immunoregulatory mechanisms dependent on NK cells. Pretreatment of proteolipid protein peptide ₁₃₉₋₁₅₁(PLP₁₃₉₋₁₅₁) sensitized SJL/J mice with HINT1₃₈₋₅₇/Hsp70 prevented the development of EAE, suppressed PLP₁₃₉₋₁₅₁-induced T-cell proliferation, and blocked secretion of IL-17. HINT1₃₈₋₅₇ /Hsp70 stimulation of NK cells depended on synergistic activation of two NK-cell receptors, CD94 and NKG2D. NK cells with depleted CD94 or with blocked NKG2D did not inhibit PLP₁₃₉₋₁₅₁-induced spleen cell (SC) proliferation. The HINT1₃₈₋₅₇/Hsp70 complex enhanced surface expression of the NKG2D ligand-H60. Downstream signaling of CD94 and NKG2D converged at the adaptor proteins DAP10 and DAP12, and in response to HINT1₃₈₋₅₇ /Hsp70 stimulation, expression of DAP10 and DAP12 was significantly increased in NK cells. Thus, we have shown that the HINT1₃₈₋₅₇ /Hsp70 complex affects NK-cell function by enhancing NK-cell-dependent immunoregulation in the EAE model of autoimmune demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Galazka
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Sánchez-Blázquez P, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Vicente-Sánchez A, Garzón J. Cannabinoid receptors couple to NMDA receptors to reduce the production of NO and the mobilization of zinc induced by glutamate. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1766-82. [PMID: 23600761 PMCID: PMC3837442 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Overactivation of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) increases the cytosolic concentrations of calcium and zinc, which significantly contributes to neural death. Since cannabinoids prevent the NMDAR-mediated increase in cytosolic calcium, we investigated whether they also control the rise of potentially toxic free zinc ions, as well as the processes implicated in this phenomenon. RESULTS The cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CNR1) and NMDARs are cross-regulated in different regions of the nervous system. Cannabinoids abrogated the stimulation of the nitric oxide-zinc pathway by NMDAR, an effect that required the histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1). Conversely, NMDAR antagonism reduced the analgesia promoted by the CNR1 agonist WIN55,212-2 and impaired its capacity to internalize CNR1s. At the cell surface, CNR1s co-immunoprecipitated with the NR1 subunits of NMDARs, an association that diminished after the administration of NMDA in vivo or as a consequence of neuropathic overactivation of NMDARs, both situations in which cannabinoids do not control NMDAR activity. Under these circumstances, inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) restored the association between CNR1s and NR1 subunits, and cannabinoids regained control over NMDAR activity. Notably, CNR1 and NR1 associated poorly in HINT1(-/-) mice, in which there was little cross-regulation between these receptors. INNOVATION The CNR1 can regulate NMDAR function when the receptor is coupled to HINT1. Thus, internalization of CNR1s drives the co-internalization of the NR1 subunits, neutralizing the overactivation of NMDARs. CONCLUSION Cannabinoids require the HINT1 protein to counteract the toxic effects of NMDAR-mediated NO production and zinc release. This study situates the HINT1 protein at the forefront of cannabinoid protection against NMDAR-mediated brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain
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Jackson K, Wang J, Barbier E, Damaj M, Chen X. The histidine triad nucleotide binding 1 protein is involved in nicotine reward and physical nicotine withdrawal in mice. Neurosci Lett 2013; 550:129-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dolot R, Włodarczyk A, Bujacz GD, Nawrot B. Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of human histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2 (hHINT2). Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2013; 69:783-7. [PMID: 23832208 PMCID: PMC3702325 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309113015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2 (HINT2) is a mitochondrial adenosine phosphoramidase mainly expressed in the pancreas, liver and adrenal gland. HINT2 possibly plays a role in apoptosis, as well as being involved in steroid biosynthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism and regulation of hepatic mitochondria function. The expression level of HINT2 is significantly down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. To date, endogenous substrates for this enzyme, as well as the three-dimensional structure of human HINT2, are unknown. In this study, human HINT2 was cloned, overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Crystallization was performed at 278 K using PEG 4000 as the main precipitant; the crystals, which belonged to the tetragonal space group P41212 with unit-cell parameters a = b = 76.38, c = 133.25 Å, diffracted to 2.83 Å resolution. Assuming two molecules in the asymmetric unit, the Matthews coefficient and the solvent content were calculated to be 2.63 Å(3) Da(-1) and 53.27%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Dolot
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.
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Linde CI, Feng B, Wang JB, Golovina VA. Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) regulates Ca(2+) signaling in mouse fibroblasts and neuronal cells via store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C1098-104. [PMID: 23576580 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings indicate that histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is implicated in the pathophysiology of certain psychiatric disorders and also exhibits tumor suppressor properties. However, the authentic functions of HINT1 in cellular physiology and especially its role in Ca(2+) signaling remain unclear. Here, we studied Ca(2+) signaling in cultured embryonic fibroblasts derived from wild-type control and HINT1 knockout (KO) mice. The resting cytosolic Ca(2+) level (measured with fura-2) was not altered in fibroblasts lacking HINT1. The stored Ca(2+) evaluated by measuring peak amplitude of ATP (10 μM)-induced Ca(2+) transients in Ca(2+)-free medium was significantly larger in HINT1 KO fibroblasts than in wild-type cells. Ca(2+) influx after external Ca(2+) restoration, likely via store- and receptor-operated channels (SOCs and ROCs, respectively), was greatly (by 2-fold) reduced in HINT1 KO fibroblasts. This correlated with a downregulated expression of Orai1 and stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1), essential components of store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway. Expression of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC)3 and TRPC6, which function as ROCs, was not altered in HINT1 KO fibroblasts. Immunoblots also revealed that Orai1 was downregulated by twofold in brain lysates of HINT1 KO mice compared with the wild-type littermates. Importantly, silencer RNA knockdown of HINT1 in Neuro-2A cells markedly downregulated Orai1 and STIM1 protein expression and significantly (by 2.5-fold) reduced ATP-induced Ca(2+) influx, while ATP-evoked Ca(2+) release was not changed. Thus the study demonstrates a novel function of HINT1 that involves the regulation of SOC-mediated Ca(2+) entry pathway (Orai1 and STIM1), essential for regulation of cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina I Linde
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Sánchez-Blázquez P, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Bailón C, Garzón J. GPCRs promote the release of zinc ions mediated by nNOS/NO and the redox transducer RGSZ2 protein. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1163-77. [PMID: 22563771 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Morphine signaling via the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is coupled to redox-dependent zinc release from endogenous stores. Thus, MOR activation stimulates the complex formed by RGSZ2 (a regulator of G protein signaling) and neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) to produce NO, and to recruit PKCγ and Raf-1 in a zinc-dependent manner. Accordingly, we investigated whether redox regulation of zinc metabolism was unique to the MOR, or if it is a signaling mechanism shared by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). RESULTS A physical interaction with the RGSZ2-nNOS complex was detected for the following GPCRs: neuropeptides, MOR and δ-opioid (DOR); biogenic amines, 5HT1A, 5HT2A, α2A, D1 and D2; acetylcholine, muscarinic M2 and M4; excitatory amino acid glutamate, mGlu2 and mGlu5; and derivatives of arachidonic acid (anandamide), CB1. Agonist activation of these receptors induced the release of zinc ions from the RGSZ2 zinc finger via a nNOS/NO-dependent mechanism, recruiting PKCγ and Raf-1 to the C terminus or the third internal loop of the GPCR. INNOVATION A series of GPCRs share an unexpected mechanistic feature, the nNOS/NO-dependent regulation of zinc ion signaling via a redox mechanism. The RGSZ2 protein emerges as a potential redox zinc switch that converts NO signals into zinc signals, thereby able to modulate the function of redox sensor proteins like PKCγ or Raf-1. CONCLUSION Redox mechanisms are crucial for the successful propagation of GPCR signals in neurons. Thus, dysfunctions of GPCR-regulated NO/zinc signaling may contribute to neurodegenerative and mood disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and depression.
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Jackson KJ, Wang JB, Barbier E, Chen X, Damaj MI. Acute behavioral effects of nicotine in male and female HINT1 knockout mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2012; 11:993-1000. [PMID: 22827509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2012.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human genetic association and brain expression studies, and mouse behavioral and molecular studies implicate a role for the histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and anxiety. The high comorbidity between smoking and psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia in particular, is well established. Associations with schizophrenia and HINT1 are also sex specific, with effects more predominant in males; however, it is unknown if sex differences associated with the gene extend to other phenotypes. Thus, in this study, using a battery of behavioral tests, we elucidated the role of HINT1 in acute nicotine-mediated behaviors using male and female HINT1 wild-type (+/+) and knockout (-/-) mice. The results show that male HINT1 -/- mice were less sensitive to acute nicotine-induced antinociception in the tail-flick, but not hot-plate test. At low nicotine doses, male and female HINT1 -/- mice were less sensitive to nicotine-induced hypomotility, although the effect was more pronounced in females. Baseline differences in locomotor activity observed in male HINT1 +/+ and -/- mice were absent in females. Nicotine did not produce an anxiolytic effect in male HINT1 -/- mice, but rather an anxiogenic response. Diazepam also failed to induce an anxiolytic response in these mice, suggesting a general anxiety phenotype not specific to nicotine. Differences in anxiety-like behavior were not observed in female mice. These results further support a role for HINT1 in nicotine-mediated behaviors and suggest that alterations in the gene may have differential effects on phenotype in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Jackson
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J B Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Barbier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - X Chen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M I Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Dolot R, Ozga M, Włodarczyk A, Krakowiak A, Nawrot B. A new crystal form of human histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (hHINT1) in complex with adenosine 5'-monophosphate at 1.38 Å resolution. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:883-8. [PMID: 22869114 PMCID: PMC3412765 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112029491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) represents the most ancient and widespread branch of the histidine triad protein superfamily. HINT1 plays an important role in various biological processes and has been found in many species. Here, the structure of the human HINT1-adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) complex at 1.38 Å resolution obtained from a new monoclinic crystal form is reported. The final structure has R(cryst) = 0.1207 (R(free) = 0.1615) and the model exhibits good stereochemical quality. Detailed analysis of the high-resolution data allowed the details of the protein structure to be updated in comparison to the previously published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Dolot
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.
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Varadarajulu J, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Alsaif M, Turck CW, Martins-de-Souza D. Differential expression of HINT1 in schizophrenia brain tissue. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2012; 262:167-72. [PMID: 21553311 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-011-0216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings in the literature suggest a relation between histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1) and psychiatric disorders such as major depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia, although its physiological roles are not completely comprehended. Using Western blot, we compared HINT1 protein expression in the postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and thalamus of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls for contributing to elucidate the role of HINT1 in schizophrenia pathophysiology. HINT1 was found to be downregulated in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and upregulated in the thalamus. Our results combined to previous studies in human samples and preclinical models support the notion that HINT1 must be more explored as a potential target for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeva Varadarajulu
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2, 80804, Munich, Germany
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Robertson HR, Feng G. Annual Research Review: Transgenic mouse models of childhood-onset psychiatric disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2011; 52:442-75. [PMID: 21309772 PMCID: PMC3075087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Childhood-onset psychiatric disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), mood disorders, obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders (OCSD), and schizophrenia (SZ), affect many school-age children, leading to a lower quality of life, including difficulties in school and personal relationships that persist into adulthood. Currently, the causes of these psychiatric disorders are poorly understood, resulting in difficulty diagnosing affected children, and insufficient treatment options. Family and twin studies implicate a genetic contribution for ADHD, ASD, mood disorders, OCSD, and SZ. Identification of candidate genes and chromosomal regions associated with a particular disorder provide targets for directed research, and understanding how these genes influence the disease state will provide valuable insights for improving the diagnosis and treatment of children with psychiatric disorders. Transgenic mouse models are one important approach in the study of human diseases, allowing for the use of a variety of experimental approaches to dissect the contribution of a specific chromosomal or genetic abnormality in human disorders. While it is impossible to model an entire psychiatric disorder in a single mouse model, these models can be extremely valuable in dissecting out the specific role of a gene, pathway, neuron subtype, or brain region in a particular abnormal behavior. In this review we discuss existing transgenic mouse models for childhood-onset psychiatric disorders. We compare the strength and weakness of various transgenic mouse models proposed for each of the common childhood-onset psychiatric disorders, and discuss future directions for the study of these disorders using cutting-edge genetic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly R. Robertson
- Duke University, Neurobiology Department Durham, N.C.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department Cambridge, M.A
| | - Guoping Feng
- Duke University, Neurobiology Department Durham, N.C.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department Cambridge, M.A
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Bai G, Feng B, Wang JB, Pozharski E, Shapiro M. Studies on ligand binding to histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6756-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Association of the histidine-triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1) gene variants with nicotine dependence. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2010; 11:251-7. [PMID: 20514075 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2010.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 gene (HINT1) is implicated in schizophrenia and in the behavioral effects of morphine and amphetamine. Because nicotine dependence (ND) is highly comorbid with schizophrenia and other substance abuse, we examined the association of HINT1 with ND. Association analyses from two independent samples show that HINT1 gene variants are associated with ND phenotypes. Furthermore, human postmortem mRNA expression shows that smoking status and genotype influence HINT1 expression in the brain. In animal studies, western blot analyses show an increase of HINT1 protein level in the mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc) after chronic nicotine exposure. This increase was reduced after treatment with the nicotinic-receptor antagonist mecamylamine, and 24 and 72 h after cessation of nicotine treatment. These results indicate a genetic association between HINT1 variants and ND, and indicate that nicotine-induced modulation of HINT1 level may be involved in mechanisms of excess smoking.
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Barbier E, Wang JB. Anti-depressant and anxiolytic like behaviors in PKCI/HINT1 knockout mice associated with elevated plasma corticosterone level. BMC Neurosci 2009; 10:132. [PMID: 19912621 PMCID: PMC2780446 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-10-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein kinase C interacting protein (PKCI/HINT1) is a small protein belonging to the histidine triad (HIT) family proteins. Its brain immunoreactivity is located in neurons and neuronal processes. PKCI/HINT1 gene knockout (KO) mice display hyper-locomotion in response to D-amphetamine which is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia in animal models. Postmortem studies identified PKCI/HINT1 as a candidate molecule for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We investigated the hypothesis that the PKCI/HINT1 gene may play an important role in regulating mood function in the CNS. We submitted PKCI/HINT1 KO mice and their wild type (WT) littermates to behavioral tests used to study anti-depressant, anxiety like behaviors, and goal-oriented behavior. Additionally, as many mood disorders coincide with modifications of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, we assessed the HPA activity through measurement of plasma corticosterone levels. RESULTS Compared to the WT controls, KO mice exhibited less immobility in the forced swim (FST) and the tail suspension (TST) tests. Activity in the TST tended to be attenuated by acute treatment with valproate at 300 mg/kg in KO mice. The PKCI/HINT1 KO mice presented less thigmotaxis in the Morris water maze and spent progressively more time in the lit compartment in the light/dark test. In a place navigation task, KO mice exhibited enhanced acquisition and retention. Furthermore, the afternoon basal plasma corticosterone level in PKCI/HINT1 KO mice was significantly higher than in the WT. CONCLUSION PKCI/HINT1 KO mice displayed a phenotype of behavioral and endocrine features which indicate changes of mood function, including anxiolytic-like and anti-depressant like behaviors, in conjunction with an elevated corticosterone level in plasma. These results suggest that the PKCI/HINT 1 gene could be important for the mood regulation function in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Barbier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
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Garzón J, de la Torre-Madrid E, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Vicente-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Blázquez P. Gz mediates the long-lasting desensitization of brain CB1 receptors and is essential for cross-tolerance with morphine. Mol Pain 2009; 5:11. [PMID: 19284549 PMCID: PMC2657119 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-5-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the systemic administration of cannabinoids produces antinociception, their chronic use leads to analgesic tolerance as well as cross-tolerance to morphine. These effects are mediated by cannabinoids binding to peripheral, spinal and supraspinal CB1 and CB2 receptors, making it difficult to determine the relevance of each receptor type to these phenomena. However, in the brain, the CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) are expressed at high levels in neurons, whereas the expression of CB2Rs is marginal. Thus, CB1Rs mediate the effects of smoked cannabis and are also implicated in emotional behaviors. We have analyzed the production of supraspinal analgesia and the development of tolerance at CB1Rs by the direct injection of a series of cannabinoids into the brain. The influence of the activation of CB1Rs on supraspinal analgesia evoked by morphine was also evaluated. Results Intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of cannabinoid receptor agonists, WIN55,212-2, ACEA or methanandamide, generated a dose-dependent analgesia. Notably, a single administration of these compounds brought about profound analgesic tolerance that lasted for more than 14 days. This decrease in the effect of cannabinoid receptor agonists was not mediated by depletion of CB1Rs or the loss of regulated G proteins, but, nevertheless, it was accompanied by reduced morphine analgesia. On the other hand, acute morphine administration produced tolerance that lasted only 3 days and did not affect the CB1R. We found that both neural mu-opioid receptors (MORs) and CB1Rs interact with the HINT1-RGSZ module, thereby regulating pertussis toxin-insensitive Gz proteins. In mice with reduced levels of these Gz proteins, the CB1R agonists produced no such desensitization or morphine cross-tolerance. On the other hand, experimental enhancement of Gz signaling enabled an acute icv administration of morphine to produce a long-lasting tolerance at MORs that persisted for more than 2 weeks, and it also impaired the analgesic effects of cannabinoids. Conclusion In the brain, cannabinoids can produce analgesic tolerance that is not associated with the loss of surface CB1Rs or their uncoupling from regulated transduction. Neural specific Gz proteins are essential mediators of the analgesic effects of supraspinal CB1R agonists and morphine. These Gz proteins are also responsible for the long-term analgesic tolerance produced by single doses of these agonists, as well as for the cross-tolerance between CB1Rs and MORs.
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Abstract
Gene expression changes in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, and gene responses to therapeutic drugs, provide new ways to identify central nervous system (CNS) targets for drug discovery. This review summarizes gene and pathway targets replicated in expression profiling of human postmortem brain, animal models, and cell culture studies. Analysis of isolated human neurons implicates targets for Alzheimer's disease and the cognitive decline associated with normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. In addition to tau, amyloid-beta precursor protein, and amyloid-beta peptides (Abeta), these targets include all three high-affinity neurotrophin receptors and the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) system, synapse markers, glutamate receptors (GluRs) and transporters, and dopamine (DA) receptors, particularly the D2 subtype. Gene-based candidates for Parkinson's disease (PD) include the ubiquitin-proteosome system, scavengers of reactive oxygen species, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, TrkB, and downstream target early growth response 1, Nurr-1, and signaling through protein kinase C and RAS pathways. Increasing variability and decreases in brain mRNA production from middle age to old age suggest that cognitive impairments during normal aging may be addressed by drugs that restore antioxidant, DNA repair, and synaptic functions including those of DA to levels of younger adults. Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Many of these metabolic genes are increased by insulin and muscarinic agonism, both of which are therapeutic in psychosis. Differential genomic signals are relatively sparse in bipolar disorder, but include deficiencies in the expression of 14-3-3 protein members, implicating these chaperone proteins and the neurotransmitter pathways they support as possible drug targets. Brains from persons with major depressive disorder reveal decreased expression for genes in glutamate transport and metabolism, neurotrophic signaling (eg, FGF, BDNF and VGF), and MAP kinase pathways. Increases in these pathways in the brains of animals exposed to electroconvulsive shock and antidepressant treatments identify neurotrophic and angiogenic growth factors and second messenger stimulation as therapeutic approaches for the treatment of depression.
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